Id | Number of occurences | Forms |
---|---|---|
12058 | 1 | ity of the lands farmed. in response to global change, the imas project focuses on the definiti
|
13377 | 1 | 2:research project on conservation and evaluation of almond genetic resources in southeast ana
|
14564 | 1 | riptions and a summary of their iberian distribution and biology.
|
7114 | 1 | cales covered in this project. types or traits must also be a centerpiece new diagnostic tools
|
7115 | 2 | this phenomenon is the corollary of the intensification of agriculture on a substantial part of
cies with rather contrasting ecological behavior; therefore it is possible to have a process ce |
7119 | 1 | odiversity under discussion. 2 - on the scale of farming we assess the economic, agronomic and
|
7122 | 1 | on the basis of plausible scenarios of climate change and use of space for the coming years to
|
7127 | 10 | ong the potential ecological impacts of global change, its consequences for the functioning of
its consequences for the functioning of species interactions remain one of the biggest unknowns g for mutual, woody plants and tropical ecosystems. because each species responds to changes in ase of diffuse interactions, ecological redundancy in the roles of the different species confer roles of the different species confers stability. by cons, in the specific and mandatory mutua nd mandatory mutual, lack of ecological redundancy implies a greater risk of rupture of the int odiversity. we will study the impact of global change on three specific and mandatory mutual in nd the majority belongs to the tropical ecosystems. our project combines correlative and experi t will the increase of c02 does for the production and quality of resources available as reward and the specific mutualisms mandatory, global change |
7142 | 6 | vegetation has a dual interest in studying the impact o
dual interest in studying the impact of global change on ecosystems: it is firstly an important studying the impact of global change on ecosystems: it is firstly an important component of bio rsity, but it is also an effective bio- indicator of the changes. we propose to study the impac nges. we propose to study the impact of climate change on vegetation dynamics in the french mou o study the impact of climate change on vegetation dynamics in the french mountain forests. mou |
7186 | 6 | enthic stream modified crepidula on the succession of phytoplankton species, and pelagic drift
the main objective of the experimental mesocosm. all experiments were carried out successfully t when this is done, the effects on the ecosystem does not perceive quickly. This study provide rovides information on the diversity of perceptions of invasive phenomena, if Caulerpa taxifoli nd professionals. it should lead to the development of concrete scenarios, thereby strengthenin the public and all stakeholders of the ecosystem harbor of Brest. |
7197 | 1 | owledge and reflection elements for the development and governance of rural areas. Indeed, it a
|
7245 | 1 | ersity in seine and marl to establish a mapping of the risk of extinction reptile populations a
|
7264 | 2 | biodiversity experiencing unprecedented growth, particularly in conservation biology. in this c
dressing the following question: at the scale of geological time, how changing the phylogenetic |
7274 | 3 | lants threatens the survival fragmented environment. its evaluation in natural populations is h
he survival fragmented environment. its evaluation in natural populations is hampered by the te locus genotyping of difficulty in non- model species. the project aims to test the application |
7279 | 1 | or estimating anthropogenic impacts and climate change on the systems studied. dip integrate ne
|
7285 | 5 | sing molecular markers and quantitative traits studied in controlled conditions. nine hundred i
ions will be characterized. finally, we model the evolution of life history traits under differ be characterized. finally, we model the evolution of life history traits under different fire r zed. finally, we model the evolution of life history traits under different fire regimes we model the evolution of life history traits under different fire regimes |
7297 | 5 | g for the direct conversion of chemical energy contained in the organic matter into electrical
ion of chemical energy contained in the organic matter into electrical energy using bacterial b d in the organic matter into electrical energy using bacterial biofilms as catalysts electroche local environments and geomorphological heterogeneity. this project aims to analyze the ability f electroactive biofilms from different ecosystems Guyanese from the densities of currents prod |
7299 | 5 | plants, for their sessile nature, exhibit great plasticity to adapt to environmen
human activities have generated in the environment of harmful pollution, the main effect is, l effect is, like many abiotic and biotic stress, the generation of oxidative stress in vivo. thi tic stress, the generation of oxidative stress in vivo. this project seeks to highlight, in wil ts originating from a plasticity of the stress response mechanisms, primarily oxidative and exp |
7300 | 1 | nships with more or less specialized in ecosystems is a major environmental problem
|
7312 | 1 | , habitats and sensitive and threatened ecosystems. to this end, quantitative methods have been
|
7363 | 4 | arsenic is a metalloid present in the environment in several oxidation states, the proportion
l oxidation states, the proportion is a function of microbial transformations affecting its mob ble organisms present in a contaminated ecosystem while the diversity of functions associated w ersity of functions associated with the metabolism arsénié will be explored by a proteomic appr |
7374 | 2 | d. . the results contribute to modeling the evolution of the device according to the p
the results contribute to modeling the evolution of the device according to the parameters of |
7425 | 4 | tanding the overall functioning of agro-ecosystems. agro-ecosystems bordering conserved areas r
ll functioning of agro-ecosystems. agro-ecosystems bordering conserved areas represent ideals s w diseases. as such, the camargue agro- ecosystem seems remarkably well suited to this type of ture on biodiversity phytovirale a wild ecosystem, and vice versa |
7428 | 3 | . stresses that intensive production involve the use of pesticides to fight espec
the whole animal. also cases of direct mortality, they concentrate in food chains and directly food chains and directly affect natural predators of slugs such as ground beetles, thrushes, sh |
7500 | 3 | is to analyze the genetic basis of the resistance of the soil, comparing different soil bacter
oil, comparing different soil bacterial community, resistant or non- resistant. bacterial taxa sistant floors, and identify biological indicators to manage the pest soil quality |
7550 | 3 | nitrification is a key function of the nitrogen cycle, responsible for the bal
nitrification is a key function of the nitrogen cycle, responsible for the balance between the balance between the preferred forms of nitrogen for plants on the genetic potential of these c |
7551 | 1 | a hierarchy of factors involved in the evolution of populations ppv
|
7558 | 2 | ial genetic diversity coupled to a data mining system based on the application of genomic impri
our objectives are: to formalize it the development phase of this method in theory to guide and |
7560 | 9 | al features both trophic level as their life history traits, they are especially important in t
oth trophic level as their life history traits, they are especially important in the soil ecosy ey are especially important in the soil ecosystem. the structure of soil nematodes community tu system. the structure of soil nematodes community turns out to be a relevant indicator for bio- es community turns out to be a relevant indicator for bio-study of environmental change. we pro e a relevant indicator for bio-study of environmental change. we propose to couple molecular ch ematode species found in different agro-ecosystems selected. The objective of these studies is . The objective of these studies is the development of a bio-indicator based on molecular tool ese studies is the development of a bio-indicator based on molecular tool for comparative analy |
7566 | 1 | the project aims to characterize the nature of the observed variability in saffron. we study
|
7576 | 4 | e organic farmers to develop low- input production systems for specific direct valuations. thes
ity to adapt to their lands and ways of production and processing. we propose to study in us pu f producers that they have created, the evolution and adaptation of populations to specific con of populations to specific contexts of production. analysis of the operation of the network, o |
7586 | 1 | racteristics and assessments of disease resistance of the National cichorium collection are mad
|
7609 | 2 | as a fundamental mechanism of bacterial evolution to the degradation of chemical pollutants. th
the microflora in order to increase the efficiency and speed of remediation treatments |
7612 | 2 | ill through mass balance to monitor the behavior of these heavy metals. in france there are man
. in the north of france, the volume of sediment to be dredged is thus estimated at three milli |
7614 | 1 | al residents, a change in practices and perceptions of social and collective waste water manage
|
7718 | 1 | le forms and implications of ecological intensification
|
11864 | 9 | direct experience with angling or from nature documentaries. most are probably aware that food
are aware of the details of the complex ecosystems found in lakes, or indeed of the links betwe of pollution in lakes are well known as nutrients from fertilisers can enter the water from agr ausing plant life to take over the lake carbon entering from surrounding land. this research is rial entering a lake can be affected by climate change and land management practices. the consu actices. the consumption of terrestrial carbon by species in the lake can also be affected by i which voraciously consumes within-lake carbon and is rapidly spreading through irish and u.k. ial. our proposal to combine the use of stable isotopes with radiocarbon in queen s university search to shed light on the complicated food webs in freshwater lakes. |
10966 | 23 | conditions such as sources of moisture, temperature and amount of rainfall above each cave. the
ount of rainfall above each cave. these oxygen isotope records give much insight into climate c isotope records give much insight into climate change but interpretation still tends to rest o nderstanding of which features of local climate the speleothem responds to, and whether the rec ltered during the process of speleothem growth. unlocking the real climatic information needs u eds understanding of the full system of climate - vegetation - groundwater - cave - speleothem. tanding of the full system of climate - vegetation - groundwater - cave - speleothem. thus clim - groundwater - cave - speleothem. thus climate reconstruction from speleothem records depends e first is close monitoring of the cave environment to identify speleothem sites which record r ation relating d18o to other aspects of climate. we aim to accomplish both steps and develop a th steps and develop a fully-calibrated climate record from gibraltar covering parts of the las d on the first step - understanding the climate recording process by monitoring the part of the nd seasonal variations in chemistry and oxygen isotopes in cave drips and soil water, plus the ion of cave air, temperatures, soil and vegetation changes, and related these to amounts of rai ific conditions when speleothems record climate most accurately, and if these are met the isoto the modern part of gibraltar s historic climate record can be used to derive a calibrated trans be used to derive a calibrated transfer function relating d18o to climate. we intend to test th ated transfer function relating d18o to climate. we intend to test this calibration using stala om statistical analysis of the historic climate back to 1792. furthermore, because gibraltar ha estigate how this has affected the d18o-climate transfer function and how the calibration from has affected the d18o-climate transfer function and how the calibration from modern records ma can be compared directly with computer climate models. gibraltar s caves have very high potent ding a record from a natural laboratory environment running back from modern times to possibly |
10847 | 1 | ovide users with the ability to extract abundance data and gridded products for key taxa and ot
|
10093 | 13 | vegetation plays an important role in landscapes that a
or vegetated dune fields on a landscape scale, and the effects of various plant species on the effects of various plant species on the evolution and dynamics of such environments are not qua t aims to develop a computer simulation model based on moving around slabs of sand across a gri pe surface including varying amounts of vegetation in each cell. these movements are controlled tions between the existing surface, the vegetation in each cell, and the propagation of the san sand slabs. this allows simulating the evolution of aeolian landscapes through self-organisati t types of dune fields without actually modelling the complex airflow dynamics and sand transpo standing of vegetated aeolian landscape development to ensure that the model generates realisti andscape development to ensure that the model generates realistic results. the model is then us model generates realistic results. the model is then used to systematically investigate exactl why various kinds of plant species and vegetation patterns influence the dynamics of dune deve patterns influence the dynamics of dune development in aeolian environments. |
14360 | 17 | text and objectives timely and accurate habitat reportage is vital to monitoring the biodiversi
diversity and ecological quality of our environment. remote sensing methods can be utilized to ecological quality of our environment. remote sensing methods can be utilized to this end but lized to this end but existing data and classification methods fall short of the purposes of ha n methods fall short of the purposes of habitat reportage in several aspects: - airborne hypers methods have not addressed the issue of habitat structure which are most important for assessin which are most important for assessing habitat quality - most existing remote sensing methodol sessing habitat quality - most existing remote sensing methodologies have not been tested vigor tter status reporting on habitats using remote sensing data. for this, an enhanced state-of-the for this, an enhanced state-of-the-art classification framework will be designed and modelling fication framework will be designed and modelling techniques will be used. methodology • three pplied to increase the applicability of remote sensing data for habitat status reporting. the v pplicability of remote sensing data for habitat status reporting. the vegetation condition will data for habitat status reporting. the vegetation condition will also be assessed using model n condition will also be assessed using model inversion. results expected - 6 peer reviewed jou cted - 6 peer reviewed journal papers - classification framework for habistat status reporting n for sr image reconstruction including classification framework - international work shops --- |
12585 | 6 | ll main peat projects. the project will review existing research and management practice of pea
or failure identified. the project will review motivations for restoration projects as well as and water conservation, enhancement of carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation and enhancement of carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation and flood protection goals. t carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation and flood protection goals. these changing o of public funding and the role of agri-environment schemes, this step will highlight any contr |
7633 | 4 | dna of these bacteria directly from the environment and clone the banks to form so-called metag
alled in the following sections and its development was made possible, at least partially, due l engineering"2008. after this stage of development, we seek help to exploit and demonstrate th ground by the international scientific community |
12716 | 1 | ity action plan: 1. global evolutionary complexity of freshwater alveolates: a new threat to fr
|
1973 | 3 | for one or both species, as well as for community function more generally. fucoid seaweeds are
both species, as well as for community function more generally. fucoid seaweeds are among the nd have been implicated as biodiversity indicators. until now, hybrid zones in marine benthic s |
11767 | 5 | nating yet least studied of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine
of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine some of the attributes ate forests quantify the the effects of temperature, litter quality and rainfall on the decay r lity and rainfall on the decay rates of leaf litter, woody debris, humic material and soil orga itter, woody debris, humic material and soil organic matter, by conducting a translocation expe |
11791 | 4 | nating yet least studied of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine
of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine some of the attributes mperate forests quantify the effects of temperature, litter quality and rainfall on organic mat erature, litter quality and rainfall on organic matter decay rates by conduction a translocatio |
9983 | 5 | nating yet least studied of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine
of terrestrial ecosystems. in terms of ecosystem science, they combine some of the attributes ate forests quantify the the effects of temperature, litter quality and rainfall on the decay r lity and rainfall on the decay rates of leaf litter, woody debris, humic material and soil orga itter, woody debris, humic material and soil organic matter, by conducting a translocation expe |
10169 | 3 | e chronostratigraphy and use a range of indicators to gauge the nature, scale and extent of the
use a range of indicators to gauge the nature, scale and extent of the environmental catastrop ange of indicators to gauge the nature, scale and extent of the environmental catastrophe that |
10022 | 4 | ownload so that members of the research community may combine them with their data for their ow
species and sequences, a pool of large-scale phylogenetic trees representing each individual g monly used genes. finally, an important function of the database is its use in identifying unkn ready for a general synthesis and broad scale phylogenetic analysis. with comparatively simple |
12421 | 1 | udgements to be made on a wide range of ecosystem components.
|
7386 | 2 | the study of functional diversity is essential to the sustainable ma
combines genomic, genetic, statistical modeling and wood chemistry |
15023 | 1 | yological differences with the size and function factors. methodology to be used would include
|
7643 | 9 | species - abundance relations are fundamental in ecology. their m
tions are fundamental in ecology. their modeling is at the origin of numerous assumptions and t rom regional to local, or based on life traits or functions. taking coral fish communities as a ons. taking coral fish communities as a model, we propose to investigate how these relationship ging from local to regional, panel life traits, this over spatial scales and according to sever spatial scales and according to several connectivity scenarios or changes in environmental cond everal thousand species and hundreds of functional groups. the global decline of coral, a major or the future of the reefs is linked to global change: the proposed modeling should bring answe s linked to global change: the proposed modeling should bring answers to the changing patterns |
10029 | 12 | ng concerns about the impacts of global climate change, it is important that we monitor the hea
important that we monitor the health of ecosystems over large areas. remote sensing from satell health of ecosystems over large areas. remote sensing from satellite or airborne sensors is us tive means of achieving this task. much remote sensing research attempts to improve the resolut ch projects usually focus on a specific ecosystem and issue / for example, can we distinguish l pare them to others / we need a generic model of how remote sensing works in an aquatic environ others / we need a generic model of how remote sensing works in an aquatic environment. some as how remote sensing works in an aquatic environment. some aspects of remote sensing are fairly an aquatic environment. some aspects of remote sensing are fairly well understood, such as the ecently been modelled. we achieved this modelling using radiosity methods a generic statistical radiosity methods a generic statistical environment to combine both spectral and ecological dat ring accurate data at each stage of the remote sensing process which will help prioritise the c |
11058 | 12 | ng concerns about the impacts of global climate change, it is important that we monitor the hea
important that we monitor the health of ecosystems over large areas. remote sensing from satell health of ecosystems over large areas. remote sensing from satellite or airborne sensors is us tive means of achieving this task. much remote sensing research attempts to improve the resolut ch projects usually focus on a specific ecosystem and issue / for example, can we distinguish l pare them to others / we need a generic model of how remote sensing works in an aquatic environ others / we need a generic model of how remote sensing works in an aquatic environment. some as how remote sensing works in an aquatic environment. some aspects of remote sensing are fairly an aquatic environment. some aspects of remote sensing are fairly well understood, such as the ecently been modelled. we achieved this modelling using radiosity methods a generic statistical radiosity methods a generic statistical environment to combine both spectral and ecological dat ring accurate data at each stage of the remote sensing process which will help prioritise the c |
11205 | 2 | ay and use transcriptomics to determine function of an estimated 400 - 500 genes in its 400 kbp
will be generated from a natural virus community to determine life histories of unculturable v |
10674 | 1 | his is an entirely novel application of gis and will test the potential of such approaches to r
|
12745 | 1 | makers and practitioners at the global scale.
|
10807 | 8 | ing, and the number that die because of competition with other species or because there is not
problems, if we could make a realistic model of the processes controlling the number of fishes her to construct an overall theoretical model. for example, we know that predation by carnivoro etical model. for example, we know that predation by carnivorous fishes significantly affects t ore places for fishes to hide and avoid predators. i have developed a theoretical model that su edators. i have developed a theoretical model that summarises all these interactions. structura these interactions. structural equation modelling relative to a range of other factors. by comb where there are large areas of nursery habitat |
12596 | 18 | ities of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide, thereby contributing to global warming.
dioxide, thereby contributing to global warming. restoration of these damaged peatlands is prom promoted as a means of restarting their carbon sink function so that they take up or sequester a means of restarting their carbon sink function so that they take up or sequester more carbon so that they take up or sequester more carbon from the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxid rbon from the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide than they release to it; that is, so tha , so that they act as a brake on global warming. however, restoration schemes have not consider emes have not considered the release of methane from peatlands. like carbon dioxide, methane is release of methane from peatlands. like carbon dioxide, methane is a carbon gas, but it is much ne from peatlands. like carbon dioxide, methane is a carbon gas, but it is much more potent as ands. like carbon dioxide, methane is a carbon gas, but it is much more potent as a greenhouse s a greenhouse gas. therefore, although methane is emitted from peatlands in relatively small q and restoration from the perspective of climate change. given the uncertain role of methane in ate change. given the uncertain role of methane in the carbon balance of restored peatlands, th en the uncertain role of methane in the carbon balance of restored peatlands, this study aims t restored peatlands, this study aims to review existing literature to see how methane emissions o review existing literature to see how methane emissions from restored peatlands compare with ed by a report summarising a literature review and the results from an expert workshop and an i |
10072 | 13 | y important organisms within the marine environment, forming the very base of almost all marine
ming the very base of almost all marine food webs. this diverse group of organisms are frequent een organisms at the base of the marine food web and larger planktonic predators. they are also e marine food web and larger planktonic predators. they are also critically important as nutrie as nutrient recyclers within the marine environment, particularly in the case of nitrogen. many nvironment, particularly in the case of nitrogen. many species of protozooplankton can be consi nkton communities. because of the sheer abundance of these organisms within the oceans, this ha ns, effecting how key elements, such as carbon and nitrogen, are cycled within aquatic environm ng how key elements, such as carbon and nitrogen, are cycled within aquatic environments. there drop in feeding rate of the flagellate predator. interestingly, white blood cells within our c in addition to being relevant to marine food webs, our results may shed light on the early orig , depending on the feeding state of the predator. through conducting these experiments we aim t o progress our understanding of aquatic ecosystems, by revealing underlying mechanisms through |
13819 | 7 | declines in ectomycorrhizal onto forest ecosystems. similar reductions in diversity are also fr
equently observed after the addition of nitrogen fertilizers to increase wood production in bor f nitrogen fertilizers to increase wood production in boreal forests. however, some ecm fungi r r, some ecm fungi respond positively to nitrogen additions. by comparing these species with tho cts of fertilization upon the fungi and indirect effects mediated through the tree response to m species are particularly sensitive to nitrogen may make it possible to suggest ways of balanc le to suggest ways of balancing optimal production gains while minimising negative impacts upon |
15372 | 11 | understanding the nature and the causes of the geographic range limits of
dary may be determined by environmental stress, species interactions and dispersal limitations. be determined by environmental stress, species interactions and dispersal limitations. disenta to accurately forecast the responses to climate change. in this project, we aim to investigate e abiotic and biotic causes determining distribution patterns of two species of canopy-forming two species differ in their life-cycle traits and in the pattern of geographical distribution aits and in the pattern of geographical distribution in nw iberian peninsula. we are considerin wo initial hypotheses: i the geographic distribution of himanthalia elongata in nw iberian peni rticularly in determining the scattered distribution inside bays observed in atlantic shores. i nteractions and physical factors in the distribution of h. elongata and f. serratus. mms consti h. elongata will concur with its actual distribution whereas the mm modelled for f.serratus wil |
13457 | 13 | a future bio-based production will require increased agricultural manageme
e increased agricultural management for production of food and biofuels. an intensified product on of food and biofuels. an intensified production may impair the carbon sequestration in the s n intensified production may impair the carbon sequestration in the soil and increase release o ion in the soil and increase release of carbon to the atmosphere due to actions by the microorg s by the microorganisms responsible for carbon cycling in agricultural soils. global climate pr n cycling in agricultural soils. global climate projections depend today on models that estimat epend today on models that estimate the carbon fluxes from soils under land use and climate cha on fluxes from soils under land use and climate change. despite the known importance of soil mi identity of the key microbial actors of carbon cycling in soils. the aim of this project is to aim of this project is to determine the functional diversity of microorganisms on gene level th n gene level that is directly affecting carbon cycling in agricultural soils. we propose here a involved in the degradation of complex carbon sources, that is up to 200 times faster and 100 |
11431 | 1 | urce of uncertainty in the estimates of climate sensitivity to either natural or man-made chang
|
12549 | 1 | bility of the crop. within the european community the uk has protected zone status to prevent t
|
10165 | 5 | project will use melanism in birds as a model system to investigate the genetics of adaptation.
nism in birds, and whether dark plumage evolution through species formation has the same cause e of the mc1r in other types of plumage evolution, such as a switch between red and black pluma e readily comprehensible by the broader community, and have the potential to become a classic e classic example of the genetic basis of evolution. |
2028 | 12 | s has been to understand how individual traits of organisms affect species interactions and com
w individual traits of organisms affect species interactions and community dynamics. recent bre ganisms affect species interactions and community dynamics. recent breakthroughs provide ecolog to study the effect of individual plant traits on interactions in ecosystems. such an ecogenomi ividual plant traits on interactions in ecosystems. such an ecogenomic approach is the topic of approach is the topic of this proposal. food webs are overlaid with infochemical webs that medi eractions can have important effects on community dynamics. infochemicals are interesting in th fitness, and thus for interactions in a community. infochemicals from plants influence interact and specific process that is induced by herbivory. the infochemicals attract carnivores that af effects on individual interactions in a food web in addition to a quantitative food web analysi food web in addition to a quantitative food web analysis. this novel approach creates an essen en molecular, chemical, behavioural and community ecology. |
2104 | 1 | d test species boundaries and character evolution of the brown-spored agarics and the genus gal
|
15083 | 2 | them. it can be estimated that the rich vegetation and the climatic variety of the different sp
s and made available for the scientific community. while that the nucleotide sequences will be |
14715 | 2 | them. it can be estimated that the rich vegetation and the climatic variety of the different sp
s and made available for the scientific community. while that the nucleotide sequences will be |
10883 | 7 | l prerequisite to understanding how our ecosystems and their services are formed, and how natur
atural and anthropogenic factors effect ecosystem viability. whilst this is well advanced for m imal and plant ecology, the microscopic nature of bacteria means we have virtually no understan erform central roles in enhancing plant productivity and biogeochemical nutrient cycling. it is groups are present, what controls their distribution, and how environmental changes occurring n perform and how this maps to integrated ecosystem assessments. in this application, we propose high resolution maps of bacterial group distribution across great britain and couple these data |
9873 | 1 | within reach, since due to the fibrous growth of calcite fibres on brittle fault planes, start
|
15064 | 6 | arget, due to the amazing diversity and richness of the natural world. for this reason, the cho
s is crucial. what is a good biological model generally, a good model is considered to be one t good biological model generally, a good model is considered to be one that is easy to observe a ts. the risk in evaluating a biological model in such a way is that it always limits our invest viduals are crucial elements regulating population dynamics, trajectories, spatial and temporal spatial and temporal distributions and stability, as well as their likelihood of extinction. i |
10277 | 2 | gafaunal species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will
species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will then use |
10288 | 2 | gafaunal species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will
species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will then use |
10531 | 2 | gafaunal species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will
species geographical ranges to climate, habitat and components of their diet. we will then use |
2546 | 4 | e for understanding some of the largest ecosystems on earth. despite decades of investigations
as food for zooplankton and subsequent productivity of higher trophic levels is limited and co of phaeocystis in the global cycling of climate gases and transfer of energy to higher trophic ycling of climate gases and transfer of energy to higher trophic levels, such as fisheries. |
13779 | 5 | boreal stream ecosystems have large intrinsic values but our understa
understanding about their structure and function is still weak which holds back the development tion is still weak which holds back the development of useful management strategies. this defic edicted to experience relatively strong climate change effects with likely negative consequence ommunities and their ability to deliver ecosystem goods and services. current knowledge seems t |
14225 | 6 | pecies and understanding their adaptive nature. phylogenetic comparative methods add ~100 tropi
study will be the first to investigate life history evolution in insects in a phylogenetic fra e the first to investigate life history evolution in insects in a phylogenetic framework, compa an important step towards understanding life history evolution in insects on a global scale. fu step towards understanding life history evolution in insects on a global scale. furthermore, th istory evolution in insects on a global scale. furthermore, this work will valuable as improvin |
15314 | 1 | ends, the phenomenon also ends with the production of the resulting pattern. along this project
|
10340 | 7 | ile and non-volatile chemicals in their environment . they use this information for detecting f
nformation for detecting food, avoiding predators, finding mates and other crucial functions. t animals through their functions in both habitat and mate choice, arguably the two primary forms atory receptor loci and key behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant ey behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant inbred lines of crosses nd expression modifications in adaptive evolution as well as pointing to candidate speciation g he project will provide new data on the evolution of these fascinating and important genes with |
10994 | 7 | ile and non-volatile chemicals in their environment . they use this information for detecting f
nformation for detecting food, avoiding predators, finding mates and other crucial functions. t animals through their functions in both habitat and mate choice, arguably the two primary forms atory receptor loci and key behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant ey behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant inbred lines of crosses nd expression modifications in adaptive evolution as well as pointing to candidate speciation g he project will provide new data on the evolution of these fascinating and important genes with |
9967 | 7 | ile and non-volatile chemicals in their environment . they use this information for detecting f
nformation for detecting food, avoiding predators, finding mates and other crucial functions. t animals through their functions in both habitat and mate choice, arguably the two primary forms atory receptor loci and key behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant ey behavioural traits, such as mate and habitat choice, in recombinant inbred lines of crosses nd expression modifications in adaptive evolution as well as pointing to candidate speciation g he project will provide new data on the evolution of these fascinating and important genes with |
13742 | 15 | ork demands large areas of high quality habitat to sustain. preferred habitats are wetlands and
-cultivated grasslands. in a good stork habitat, a plethora of more or less threatened species ject i intend to construct a predictive habitat distribution model for the storks in southern s ntend to construct a predictive habitat distribution model for the storks in southern sweden. t truct a predictive habitat distribution model for the storks in southern sweden. the model will for the storks in southern sweden. the model will relate the habitat use and reproductive succ thern sweden. the model will relate the habitat use and reproductive success of the storks, to reproductive success of the storks, to habitat characteristics in a gis database. i will devel storks, to habitat characteristics in a gis database. i will develop the model using data on th s in a gis database. i will develop the model using data on the storks present in 2002-2004, an he storks released in 2005-2006. as the habitat data are available for the whole potential bree sweden, predictions on available stork habitat can be made for this range. thus, it will be po pulation of storks in sweden. the stork habitat identified with the model will also be valuable . the stork habitat identified with the model will also be valuable for many other wetland orga other wetland organisms, and hence the model can be used to direct conservation and restoratio |
12267 | 3 | etation of the significance of biogenic carbon is key to drawing conclusions on the impacts of
nclusions on the impacts of peat use on climate change. many lca studies discount biogenic carb nge. many lca studies discount biogenic carbon as there is no net emission between its sequestr |
10575 | 7 | minal fluid proteins in mammalian sperm competition. sperm competition occurs when the ejaculat
s in mammalian sperm competition. sperm competition occurs when the ejaculates of different mal s a pervasive selection pressure in the evolution of ejaculate characteristics and other reprod characteristics and other reproductive traits for diverse animal taxa. in particular, it is no culates is strongly influenced by sperm competition. however, sperm usually make up only a tiny fraction of total ejaculate volume male dominance status. as well as testing for predicted chan s with likely functional roles in sperm competition. these findings will establish the role of |
13712 | 3 | protected areas. it is today applied in production forests around the world, making it good exa
e world, making it good examples of an ´ecosystem approach´ in practice. although conducted at east 1 billion sek per year, a thorough evaluation taking into account ecological, economic and |
12712 | 5 | this project requires a review, collation and analysis of bird population and d
ion and analysis of bird population and distribution data, which will then be used to further s her support, outside this contract, the development and application of guidance and principles ce and principles as part of a targeted review of the current uk network of terrestrial and coa overnment and its statutory agencies to review the spa network |
12704 | 1 | pe, and recreation. the purpose of this review is to assess the effectiveness of the research p
|
12455 | 1 | summary objective: review international best practice and appropriate know
|
10179 | 3 | as important drivers of bacterial host evolution, both in terms of predator-prey relationships
terial host evolution, both in terms of predator-prey relationships and in terms of phage conve bacteria are far more widespread in the environment than previously considered. a series of pos |
10284 | 4 | im to construct a spatial multi-species ecosystem model focused on commercially exploited fish
truct a spatial multi-species ecosystem model focused on commercially exploited fish in the nor uently advocated as the way forward for ecosystem-based management in fisheries. a key part of omparative study involving ewe regional ecosystem models, with a view to identifying the streng |
13980 | 2 | likely to be determinants of desirable traits. until very recently, the only practical approac
onary history of populations from large-scale genotype information. i will focus on locating se |
12456 | 5 | ly evaluate the usefulness of different modelling approaches for exploring wider ecosystem cons
odelling approaches for exploring wider ecosystem considerations of fisheries in the marine env nsiderations of fisheries in the marine environment. assess how important the interactions are important the interactions are between predators and their prey in comparison with other sourc s models, and help to predict knock-on, ecosystem implications of future management actions. |
14751 | 4 | recovery of endangered and endemic flora is crucial not
tats supporting such a singular type of vegetation. as it is well-known, the in situ and ex sit . in this project it is postulated that optimization of the mycorrhizal status of these plants isms, in term of increasing plant cover development and for improving physical-chemical propert |
9828 | 5 | s of long term tnt exposure on the soil microbial community structure, diversity and function u
bial community structure, diversity and function using molecular biology approaches. we will co conduct experiments to investigate the stability of tnt contaminated soil microbial communitie ch a comprehensive understanding of the ecosystem and its response to xenobiotic stress is esse cosystem and its response to xenobiotic stress is essential for bioremediation strategies to be |
2088 | 1 | ies. in addition, collection of data on habitat, biology and diet and whenever possible also on
|
1979 | 8 | eed for tools to predict the effects of habitat change on wildlife. after earlier abandoning ca
e on wildlife. after earlier abandoning carrying capacity as a useful concept, scientists now a that in the case of migratory birds the carrying capacity of a non-breeding site can be meaning s a site can support. current models of carrying capacity assume a single giving-up food densit capacity assume a single giving-up food density . as the proposed research can build on laborio ous and time-consuming measurements and model developments, this provides a unique opportunity s provides a unique opportunity to test carrying capacity models of varying degrees of complexi g capacity models of varying degrees of complexity. |
14509 | 1 | parallel evolution is a form of homoplasy in which the same trai
|
11671 | 11 | o examine the contribution of different life history stages to the local population dynamics of
ferent life history stages to the local population dynamics of some stream insects. understandi rial adults. we will concentrate on the recruitment of eggs from the terrestrial into the aquat upply of emergent rocks might limit egg recruitment. further, egg-laying females may be influen d we will test also how this influences recruitment. once the eggs hatch, the mobility of neona neonate movement, we will identify the spatial scale relevant to studies about population dyna spatial scale relevant to studies about population dynamics. alternatively, effects of emergent k limitation may be overwhelmed by high mortality of eggs or neonates, suggesting a different u ng a different underlying mechanism for recruitment limitation. a lack of any pattern between e r bottlenecks occur for egg and neonate life history stages, how strong those bottlenecks might ntal importance to ecological models of population dynamics. information on how insects use eme |
10280 | 6 | rtical exchange, controlling biological growth through the summer and enabling the sequestratio
rich deep water. the vertical mixing of nutrients across the seasonal thermocline acts to coupl to account for about half of the annual carbon fixation in seasonally stratified shelf seas, an responsible for the vertical mixing of nutrients across the thermocline is a vital prerequisit isite to our understanding of shelf sea ecosystems. our proposal is to investigate the role of paign closely integrated with numerical model predictions using both 1d and 3d numerical models |
10553 | 6 | rtical exchange, controlling biological growth through the summer and enabling the sequestratio
rich deep water. the vertical mixing of nutrients across the seasonal thermocline acts to coupl to account for about half of the annual carbon fixation in seasonally stratified shelf seas, an responsible for the vertical mixing of nutrients across the thermocline is a vital prerequisit isite to our understanding of shelf sea ecosystems. our proposal is to investigate the role of paign closely integrated with numerical model predictions using both 1d and 3d numerical models |
9929 | 9 | s a key component of the north atlantic ecosystem, forming a vital link between primary product
m, forming a vital link between primary production and fisheries. calanus feeds and reproduces mporal variability in the spring/summer abundance of calanus, it is vital to understand factors pth are not known, but the avoidance of predators may be one of the factors. we have previously usly made an extensive study of calanus predator-prey interactions in the irminger basin in the ng depth of the calanus and that of its predators. this study will use data from elsewhere in t provide new information on the role of predators in winter mortality of calanus and insights i tion on the role of predators in winter mortality of calanus and insights into the factors behi may respond to ongoing changes in ocean climate. |
10812 | 12 | questions about the abundance of animal populations are as old as the scien
ause they are not suited to the british climate . these are actually answers to different quest stions: the first is about the relative abundance of different species; the second is about var linked because the pattern of relative abundance varies from place to place. for example, dart k. for the first time it is possible to model in the same analysis the variation in abundance o l in the same analysis the variation in abundance of multiple species in many places. it is now w possible to compare the importance of evolution and ecology in determining which species shou pecies should be common or rare and why abundance varies from place to place. my research takes new methods to ask questions about the abundance of mammals and british butterflies. mammals a es are also an ideal group for studying abundance, due to the systematic records from across th valuable datasets in biology. analysing abundance data in a single framework means that it beco ch allows me to address questions about spatial scale. for example, are species that are locall |
9961 | 12 | questions about the abundance of animal populations are as old as the scien
ause they are not suited to the british climate . these are actually answers to different quest stions: the first is about the relative abundance of different species; the second is about var linked because the pattern of relative abundance varies from place to place. for example, dart k. for the first time it is possible to model in the same analysis the variation in abundance o l in the same analysis the variation in abundance of multiple species in many places. it is now w possible to compare the importance of evolution and ecology in determining which species shou pecies should be common or rare and why abundance varies from place to place. my research takes new methods to ask questions about the abundance of mammals and british butterflies. mammals a es are also an ideal group for studying abundance, due to the systematic records from across th valuable datasets in biology. analysing abundance data in a single framework means that it beco ch allows me to address questions about spatial scale. for example, are species that are locall |
10522 | 14 | tecting species diversity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined
ersity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined by the increased d ges in atmospheric composition and lake water balance that arise through a societal-mediated ch se through a societal-mediated changing climate. to safeguard against such loss of functioning measurements at an appropriate temporal scale. traditional monitoring, of at best weekly-fortni processes driving many aspects of lake function. to resolve these processes we need to hear ev tricted to a meteorological station and temperature measurements. a few have other probes to me project partners, the wider scientific community and the general public. such infrastructure i he effect of meteorology on the fate of carbon within lakes: we will track pool and flux variab pool and flux variability of dissolved carbon dioxide over daily to seasonal time scales. by r to define critical controls on the lake carbon cycle. dst3: the level of regional coherence in nks exist between air and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the p ir and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the position of north wa ate not only the value of observing the environment remotely and in detail, but the benefit fro |
10752 | 14 | tecting species diversity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined
ersity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined by the increased d ges in atmospheric composition and lake water balance that arise through a societal-mediated ch se through a societal-mediated changing climate. to safeguard against such loss of functioning measurements at an appropriate temporal scale. traditional monitoring, of at best weekly-fortni processes driving many aspects of lake function. to resolve these processes we need to hear ev tricted to a meteorological station and temperature measurements. a few have other probes to me project partners, the wider scientific community and the general public. such infrastructure i he effect of meteorology on the fate of carbon within lakes: we will track pool and flux variab pool and flux variability of dissolved carbon dioxide over daily to seasonal time scales. by r to define critical controls on the lake carbon cycle. dst3: the level of regional coherence in nks exist between air and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the p ir and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the position of north wa ate not only the value of observing the environment remotely and in detail, but the benefit fro |
10756 | 14 | tecting species diversity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined
ersity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined by the increased d ges in atmospheric composition and lake water balance that arise through a societal-mediated ch se through a societal-mediated changing climate. to safeguard against such loss of functioning measurements at an appropriate temporal scale. traditional monitoring, of at best weekly-fortni processes driving many aspects of lake function. to resolve these processes we need to hear ev tricted to a meteorological station and temperature measurements. a few have other probes to me project partners, the wider scientific community and the general public. such infrastructure i he effect of meteorology on the fate of carbon within lakes: we will track pool and flux variab pool and flux variability of dissolved carbon dioxide over daily to seasonal time scales. by r to define critical controls on the lake carbon cycle. dst3: the level of regional coherence in nks exist between air and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the p ir and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the position of north wa ate not only the value of observing the environment remotely and in detail, but the benefit fro |
11807 | 14 | tecting species diversity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined
ersity. however, the stability of these ecosystem services can be undermined by the increased d ges in atmospheric composition and lake water balance that arise through a societal-mediated ch se through a societal-mediated changing climate. to safeguard against such loss of functioning measurements at an appropriate temporal scale. traditional monitoring, of at best weekly-fortni processes driving many aspects of lake function. to resolve these processes we need to hear ev tricted to a meteorological station and temperature measurements. a few have other probes to me project partners, the wider scientific community and the general public. such infrastructure i he effect of meteorology on the fate of carbon within lakes: we will track pool and flux variab pool and flux variability of dissolved carbon dioxide over daily to seasonal time scales. by r to define critical controls on the lake carbon cycle. dst3: the level of regional coherence in nks exist between air and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the p ir and surface water temperature; large-scale weather patterns such as the position of north wa ate not only the value of observing the environment remotely and in detail, but the benefit fro |
7685 | 5 | marine ecosystems are declining at an alarming rate, especiall
ervices. an understanding of drivers of ecosystem changes, their interactions and their impacts orcing. this tool aims to accompany the development of regional and national marine planning po on tool will be implemented at regional scale in the western indian ocean , ecological niche an ern indian ocean , ecological niche and connectivity models outputs under different ipcc scenar |
12027 | 8 | matically during the 20th century, with land use change becoming a major factor affecting the s
e becoming a major factor affecting the spatial heterogeneity, dynamics and decline of biodiver ot of biodiversity, the impact of human land-use change has contrasting spatial impacts. while impacts. while all out urbanisation and development of coastal and littoral areas has destroyed ntinues to destroy and fragment natural habitat, the abandonment of traditional extensive agric of local actors. the inter-disciplinary nature of the project and complementarities among work ical mechanisms underlying biodiversity evolution and conservation in human-dominated landscape human-dominated landscapes. second, the production of scientific principles applicable to biodi |
10264 | 3 | global warming is not the only consequence of rising levels of
he only consequence of rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. because co2 is an aci us to define the rate and magnitude of ph change as well as study the effects on the extraordi |
11369 | 7 | positive relationships between abundance the predictions of recent models by myself an
others concerning the role of regional population dynamics, spatial structure and life-history les. in addition i propose to extend my modelling work to consider correlated patterns of chang ted patterns of change in occupancy and abundance in response to environmental change on an eco occupancy and abundance in response to environmental change on an ecological time-scale, and t ironmental change on an ecological time-scale, and to explore the use of relationships between the use of relationships between local abundance, occupancy and total population size in asses |
10075 | 2 | ature forests, with increasing biomass, growth, and dynamics, but it is unclear what factor is
nclear what factor is accelerating tree growth and what the impacts have been on biodiversity b |
11513 | 2 | ature forests, with increasing biomass, growth, and dynamics, but it is unclear what factor is
nclear what factor is accelerating tree growth and what the impacts have been on biodiversity b |
10451 | 2 | will establish the extent to which the temperature sensitivity of p and r varies systematicall
aves that develop following a change in temperature. the knowledge gained will enable more accu |
7189 | 11 | to move towards ecologically intensive production systems, using and respecting the functions
rch is requested: 1 to provide relevant modeling methods to assess changes in the management of agement of rural areas and agricultural production; 2 to contribute to the development of innov ural production; 2 to contribute to the development of innovative solutions, from the plot scal of innovative solutions, from the plot scale up an integrated natural resource management and egrated natural resource management and production sectors to which are implementing mitigation ction sectors to which are implementing mitigation actions. this project aims to address: inten e stakes are high mutation; controlling nitrogen cycles, since the amounts of organic substance ified; integrated scales, both in space model the nitrogen flows across the coastal watershed, egrated scales, both in space model the nitrogen flows across the coastal watershed, incorporat cs; assess the environmental impacts of production methods and landscape management |
11330 | 4 | phere-hydrosphere exchange, and provide energy for chemosynthetic ecosystems. reconstructing th
, and provide energy for chemosynthetic ecosystems. reconstructing the magmatic processes in th a large part of the earth s crust, the recovery of intact lower oceanic crust would be a major an unprecedented view of lower crustal evolution, from magma chamber processes and the resulti |
11647 | 3 | fication system by its application to a sediment sequence from hickling broad, a shallow, medie
ted sequence of change in the stonewort community with that which is historically documented an ciated benefits for both the scientific community and for those charged with conserving and res |
10031 | 2 | c soils provide a major global store of carbon could provide an enhanced sink for atmospheric c
o2 sequestration within these important ecosystems. |
11825 | 2 | c soils provide a major global store of carbon could provide an enhanced sink for atmospheric c
o2 sequestration within these important ecosystems. |
15165 | 7 | n dispersal by animals is a conditional mutualism whose outcome on the behaviour of scatter-hoa
ing jay and mice and to integrate these indirect effects of predators on the analysis of the co to integrate these indirect effects of predators on the analysis of the conditional outcome of sis is that indirect and direct keys of predation risk around seed-bearing trees will modify se at these changes in seed shadows due to predation risk will influence the final pattern of holm influence the final pattern of holm oak recruitment. we will test predictions from this main hy s induced by man-made global changes in climate and land use. |
1992 | 6 | ongoing experiment of an unprecedented scale. urban habitat confronts animals, including human
riment of an unprecedented scale. urban habitat confronts animals, including humans, with evolu ch as a dramatically different acoustic environment. some species thrive in urban settings, oth are less successful breeders in a noisy environment. in the proposed project, we will take an e confounding factors in naturally noisy habitat in cities or along highways. we will measure th be the first time for this well-studied model species. |
7460 | 3 | bserving system and thereby support the development of geoss. acobar will implement field exper
used to obtain integrated 3-d fields of temperature, transports and heat fluxes. long-range aco ata from underwater observatories under development in esonet noe. transfer of technology and k |
12747 | 1 | oc technical expert group , including a review of literature and collation of information arisi
|
539 | 12 | nd more obvious that the current global warming influences ecosystems, and particularly that it
t the current global warming influences ecosystems, and particularly that it induces some anima lepidoptera, genus colia is taken as a model to study adaptation to climate variations. in par taken as a model to study adaptation to climate variations. in particular, the partners in this of natural selection related to thermal stress and to the increase in thermal stochasticity on polymorphism of an enzyme that controls metabolism: phosphoglucose isomerase. previous studies , and on the other hand to the general evolution of the lepidoptera. we think that a multi-dis roach of the lepidopteras adaptation to environmental change, particularly to stochasticity and ange, particularly to stochasticity and warming, will lead to a better understanding of the par mechanisms which influence the current distribution and evolution of this group, which is also influence the current distribution and evolution of this group, which is also a common bio-ind this group, which is also a common bio-indicator for many environments. |
211 | 6 | it and evolve further in human-modified ecosystems. the project puts forward and develops an ad
that the biodiversity of human-degraded ecosystems, and their habitat quality for threatened sp of human-degraded ecosystems, and their habitat quality for threatened species, can be signific while providing or eliminating critical habitat-components that are pre-determined by the dynam the dynamic adaptations of the original community or target species. the main aim is to explore aim is to explore the variation in such habitat constraints and at least 2–3 master theses; the |
6823 | 2 | kely to be applied on a wider and wider scale. genetic transformation allows the desired gene t
ene gun is used most frequently for the development of transgenic wheat. several molecular gene |
11554 | 6 | e been described as extended phenotypic traits / extra-body characteristics that nonetheless re
ergence . however, just as conventional traits result from the interaction of genes and environ esult from the interaction of genes and environment, so the design of animal built structures i behaviour beneficially when faced with environmental change is described as phenotypic plastic viour of fish is adapted to their local environment, and to what extent they can adjust pattern ct how species introductions and global climate change are likely to affect success of individu |
15015 | 5 | because of global change due to human activities is altering biosp
ly in oceanic, coastal and inland water ecosystems, more investigation is needed to make sound e groups . to understanding the aquatic ecosystems evolution under future scenarios of global c to understanding the aquatic ecosystems evolution under future scenarios of global change is ba ems evolution under future scenarios of global change is basic to known if the diverse phytopla |
10709 | 15 | nimal species are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwa
ecies are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwards. how northwards. however, in order to track climate, species must be able to disperse through lands gricultural landscapes. because of this habitat loss, some species are failing to shift and are failing to shift and are lagging behind climate changes because they are unable to reach new si se many species that are lagging behind climate are endangered species of high conservation con were greatly reduced immediately, more warming would still occur because of inertia in the ear occur because of inertia in the earth s climate system. thus there is a commitment to future wa m. thus there is a commitment to future warming regardless of any mitigation, and so adaptation ent to future warming regardless of any mitigation, and so adaptation measures are required urg nise new sites. however, this notion of habitat creation is essentially untested, and there is ystematic analysis of the importance of habitat availability on distribution lags in an entire e importance of habitat availability on distribution lags in an entire group of insects use mod els to examine the success of different habitat creation scenarios to examine which, if any, sc ew avenue of research on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. conservation strategies |
10053 | 23 | ion that organisms are adapted to their environment is obvious, yet we can only explain how thi
occurs in extreme scenarios such as the evolution of antibiotic and pesticide resistance, heavy e evolution of antibiotic and pesticide resistance, heavy metal tolerance, and starvation. typi rstand how organisms adapt following an environmental change proceed by placing a population in e proceed by placing a population in an environment to which it is poorly adapted. this stressf ch it is poorly adapted. this stressful environment is usually extreme so as to provoke an obse may be transferred from a nutrient-rich environment to one where a particular nutrient is nearl on of novel mutations that increase its growth and reproduction in the new environment. theory its growth and reproduction in the new environment. theory and experiments that use this frame population adapts to the same stressful environment many times. however, very few environmental n transition from one relatively stable environment to a second, drastically different, stable a second, drastically different, stable environment. instead, environments tend to change gradu such that most populations exist in an environment that is only slightly different from that o tantially from a more distant ancestor. global change is an example of this, where plant popula ions are currently exposed to levels of carbon dioxide more than twice as high as those of the tions are adapting to a subtle shift in environment, but the environment does not hold still wh a subtle shift in environment, but the environment does not hold still while they do it. this orporate both the magnitude and rate of environmental change. a second consideration is that po considers two populations in a changing environment, it is possible that one population exclude that the populations adapt during this succession, such that both the community composition pr ing this succession, such that both the community composition processes interact. my research u led algae respond to different rates of environmental change, either alone or in communities. u ne or in communities. using a microbial model system allows me to do experiments using very lar |
12738 | 2 | this project would review all the relevant landscape scale adaptation and
would review all the relevant landscape scale adaptation and conservation projects that have al |
15053 | 6 | e origin. the tinto river is an extreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrat
xtreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrations of heavy metals. these unusu to river is one of the most interesting ecosystems for the study of the biological organization le origin. the main part of the primary productivity in the river is direct consequence of the currently the knowledge regarding algae community of the tinto river and their role in this eco the tinto river and their role in this ecosystem is almost inexistent. the main objective of t |
12148 | 8 | vasive species and their impacts on the ecosystems of different complexity and reciprocal effec
impacts on the ecosystems of different complexity and reciprocal effects of these processes. w hese processes from the organism to the ecosystem level, which could help to predict invasion o contribute to their success; and 2 how ecosystem properties and compare it with native noble c cted results will contribute to further development of the isotopic niche instruments in the st ts in the study of interactions between food web structure and biology of successful invaders; sults will be helpful in developing the indicators of good environmental status and serve as fu yme activities-it could be used for the development of modern technologies of biocatalysis. |
14629 | 4 | in the physical characteristics of the environment, using as models two of them: adaptation to
two of them: adaptation to increases in temperature and salinity. objectives of the project are ptation to increases in temperature and salinity. objectives of the project are: basic research that those changes have on the primary production of these microorganisms. applicated research |
11353 | 8 | ple of a rapid evolutionary response to environmental change, which has served to educate gener
pens to genomes when they undergo rapid evolution, and also to find out whether the melanism mu better camouflaged against visual bird predation, but in areas with high levels of atmospheric than typica and therefore suffers less mortality. the post 1960s decline of carbonaria, coinci y for the consequences of anthropogenic environmental change on the genetic composition of popu ic and developmental characteristics of traits, such as melanism, which allow organisms to rapi ich allow organisms to rapidly adapt to environmental change. last, but not least, the results imension to the paradigmatic account of evolution in action , which has recently come under unj |
13789 | 6 | nd adapt. the capacity of organisms and ecosystems to adapt and evolve rapidly is critical to o
cal to our future reliance on essential ecosystems such as the largely unexplored marine enviro affect marine populations, species, and ecosystems over time. we will address issues of fundame scales relevant to current processes of global change. this programme will greatly expand our k models with which the effects of large-scale environmental transitions on distribution and sur arge-scale environmental transitions on distribution and survival of marine populations can be |
13737 | 5 | diversity of macroinvertebrates and the decomposition rate of leaf litter were indeed not lower
rtebrates and the decomposition rate of leaf litter were indeed not lower in acid than circumne ps are now being tested at a nationwide scale in streams. responses in streams which are natura ut vary in the waters levels of organic carbon and inorganic aluminium content, and in streams would be useful, for example to support ecological functions in streams impacted by anthropogen |
12067 | 9 | ve induced a shift from natural complex ecosystems to more simple like agroecosystems. but if l
the short term, they are degrading key ecosystem services by accelerating rates of species ext t tied the long-term functioning of the ecosystem. anthropization affects ecosystems by reducin f the ecosystem. anthropization affects ecosystems by reducing biodiversity, by changing the la rtificial islands, and by polluting the environment with xenobiotics. reducing the diversity of ich are clearly detrimental to existing ecosystems and clearly poses threats to humans living c apid and generalized degradation of the environment. the modification of the ecological niches dict changes that will affect disturbed ecosystems in africa and south america. our project inv ies on drosophila, which are unequalled model insect species in genetics and evolutionary biolo |
2031 | 4 | th increased temperatures due to global climate change. plants, insects and vertebrates respond
es respond differently to the increased temperature so organisms become mistimed to their food th the predicted rates of change in the environment. from this, we will calculate the maximal r , we will calculate the maximal rate of environmental change that species can cope with. more s |
2491 | 4 | n norway, through land use planning and nature management, to take or to order necessary measur
na which are due to extreme weather and climate change, and are the rules adequate to effective ious possibilities in light of economic efficiency theories and apply methods of law-and-econom interdisciplinary project responding to climate change: the potential of and limits to adaptati |
12399 | 8 | into the socio-economic consequences of climate change in the marine environment. it will inves
quences of climate change in the marine environment. it will investigate the extent to which fo es and legislation are robust to future climate change, and it will explore decadal-scale varia ate change, and it will explore decadal-scale variations in climate change that might mask the ill explore decadal-scale variations in climate change that might mask the overall warming tren mate change that might mask the overall warming trend of coastal waters over the next 20 to 30 n fisheries policy are robust to future environmental change and whether indicators and referen future environmental change and whether indicators and reference points of ‘good environmental |
6875 | 5 | lise and prove the classical picture of competition theory in a well-defined sense: limiting si
e should be posed for the whole area of distribution and for the long time-scale, instead of lo a of distribution and for the long time-scale, instead of locally in space and time. on this sp quilibrium ecology studied on the right scale, the limiting similarity structure of niche segre the evolutionarily meaningful notion of competition within/for a niche regains validity. in rel |
13839 | 4 | rify if a population has certain unique traits, i.e. being adapted to its local environment. su
traits, i.e. being adapted to its local environment. such knowledge is essential in fisheries m difficult to study local adaptation in nature. in order to study whether local populations of ally based differences in morphological traits have evolved mainly a neutral manner. there is t |
13780 | 3 | e integrated with analyses of oxidative stress and biological ageing, and telomere length is ev
gth is evaluated as a molecular fitness indicator in fish. we use brown trout and coho salmon a . we use brown trout and coho salmon as model species to address the following aims: . the work |
15364 | 15 | intensity of drought events related to climate change have been associated to important change
t changes in composition, structure and distribution of forest ecosystems worldwide, by means o n, structure and distribution of forest ecosystems worldwide, by means of increasing mortality stems worldwide, by means of increasing mortality patterns. in spite of the importance of these f these processes in relation to global climate and ecosystem services stability, teher are no esses in relation to global climate and ecosystem services stability, teher are no reliable pro o global climate and ecosystem services stability, teher are no reliable projections on the nea rojections on the near future of forest ecosystems under probable global change scenarios, due ure of forest ecosystems under probable global change scenarios, due to scientific uncertaintie gical mechanisms underlying survival or mortality of trees under water stress. the incresases i vival or mortality of trees under water stress. the incresases in temperature and frequency of s under water stress. the incresases in temperature and frequency of droguht events might promo d , thus, under similar levels of water stress; iii, the effect of managing irradiance and wate eal the modulation exerted by the light environment on water share; and iv, the use of forest g forest under different managements and climate change scenarios in order to develop a manageme |
15332 | 3 | utflow tract is strongly related to the development of the lungs and, in particular, with the d
the lungs and, in particular, with the development of the laryngotracheal groove and the forma hogenetic processes that operate in the development of outflow tract of the vertebrate heart in |
13817 | 4 | he genetics of phenotypic plasticity in life history in the frog population by testing a recent
the frog population by testing a recent model on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. phenot lation by testing a recent model on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity. phenotypic plastici henotypes in response to changes in the environment. information on phenotypic plasticity is im |
11120 | 1 | their immunological response, parasite-resistance, health, behaviour, reproduction and surviva
|
14668 | 1 | idea is to load the furcula in order to model its spring behaviour during flight that has been
|
10435 | 1 | e had limited success in explaining the distribution of subordinate reproduction within or acro
|
9952 | 4 | hysiological mechanisms controlling the distribution of reproduction among females and the degr
of central importance in explaining the evolution of cooperation, the reproductive strategies o ctive strategies of individuals and the population dynamics of cooperative breeders. however, a ot yet been possible to account for the distribution of subordinate breeding either between or |
15514 | 6 | environmental change across a wide range of temporal an
rcumstances are local adaptation and/or migration. current and future species responses to pred -wide patterns and interactions between environmental change, demography and evolution taking p en environmental change, demography and evolution taking place in the past is essential for dev redicted increase in aridity and recent land-use change in this area. it is thus of great inter they are ecologically dominant in many ecosystems and, at the same time, many of them are also |
15515 | 6 | environmental change across a wide range of temporal an
rcumstances are local adaptation and/or migration. current and future species responses to pred -wide patterns and interactions between environmental change, demography and evolution taking p en environmental change, demography and evolution taking place in the past is essential for dev redicted increase in aridity and recent land-use change in this area. it is thus of great inter they are ecologically dominant in many ecosystems and, at the same time, many of them are also |
11615 | 2 | d ecologically significant quantitative traits. specifically, we will: examine the role of dete
ifferences with variation in phenotypic traits using a matrix correspondence analysis. |
10753 | 5 | world s upper ocean supersaturated with methane we know that it is, but do not understand why.
y. evidence shows that a portion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated wat rtion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated waters, however that seems to phenomenon has been termed the oceanic methane paradox . if, however, there were anaerobic mic y we hope to start to unravel the ocean methane paradox. |
9871 | 5 | world s upper ocean supersaturated with methane we know that it is, but do not understand why.
y. evidence shows that a portion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated wat rtion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated waters, however that seems to phenomenon has been termed the oceanic methane paradox . if, however, there were anaerobic mic y we hope to start to unravel the ocean methane paradox. |
11737 | 4 | they come up to the surface, measuring temperature and salinity as they go, and telemeter thei
the surface, measuring temperature and salinity as they go, and telemeter their location and t and antarctic slope front. a section of temperature and salinity across these flows will indica ope front. a section of temperature and salinity across these flows will indicate their locatio |
14367 | 7 | ity based on airborne hyperspectral and lidar data. the complex nature of hyperspectral data se
perspectral and lidar data. the complex nature of hyperspectral data sets urge producers to set , such as forests which have pronounced vegetation structures, are affecting the captured hyper s composition, and stand diversity from remote sensing data. - a successful airborne flight cam r scanning with high quality imagery. - optimization the structure of the hyperspectral imagery vity to errors in the input data. - the evaluation of the cost-benefit of combining airborne hy borne hyperspectral with laser scanning remote sensing data for deriving forest thematic output |
13608 | 9 | he impact and significance of molecular-scale processes, such as biochemically induced weatheri
teria-fungi-tree interactions, on macro-scale processes, such as nutrient cycling in forest soi trient cycling in forest soils and tree growth. bacteria that enhance mycorrhiza formation and ude their ability to mobilize important nutrients from solution and minerals, promote mycorrhiz promote mycorrhizae formation and plant growth, and produce extraordinarily strong complex form solution as part of bacteria-fungi-tree symbiosis. an increased knowledge regarding the product s. an increased knowledge regarding the production of important ligands from mhb-fungi-tree int inable, environmentally-friendly forest-ecosystem development. vironmentally-friendly forest-ecosystem development. |
15303 | 1 | hanges occurred during the craniofacial development, at intraspecific level, which may generate
|
13979 | 2 | e recommendations to uncertainty around model assumptions. this project will determine the best
account woodpecker population ecology, habitat requirements, environmental variability and unc |
7451 | 6 | ing at sea during their oceanic feeding migration. the specific reasons for the decline in this
nt species are as yet unknown, however, climate change is likely to be an important factor. in patial and ecological use of the marine environment by different regional and river stocks, whi h are known to show variation in marine growth, condition, and survival. salmon populations may advancing our understanding of oceanic-scale, ecological and ecosystem processes. such knowled anding of oceanic-scale, ecological and ecosystem processes. such knowledge is fundamental to t |
6843 | 6 | n arable fields. major functions in the ecosystem forest such as productions, nutrient recyclin
ng are controlled by the rates at which nutrients are released by decomposition in the soil and ates at which nutrients are released by decomposition in the soil and litter horizont. the deco on in the soil and litter horizont. the decomposition process drives complex food webs with the he decomposition process drives complex food webs with the soil fauna. collembola are ubiquitou are meter. their major diet is decaying vegetation and associated microbes. knowledge of long–t |
10688 | 2 | by nutritional conditions during early development. we will combine the organismal fitness mea
he latter include measures of oxidative stress. |
10443 | 7 | mental role in the social structure and population dynamics of animals. while data from a range
llows us to explore the consequences of life history responses to temporal changes in the envir ry responses to temporal changes in the environment in a population dynamics context. as a resu emporal changes in the environment in a population dynamics context. as a result, our research arch will provide general insights into life history and aging theory, an understanding of how ow individual life histories respond to environmental change, and a theoretical framework for l or linking individual life histories to population dynamics. |
10177 | 1 | ill allow us to test the chronology and nature of the change. this has major implications for t
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7051 | 7 | effects of agricultural change on this ecosystem service, however, are not universal and the m
etween pests and their natural enemies, food web analysis provides a versatile tool to address oposed project will utilize a molecular food web approach and examine, for the first time, how es in plant fertilisation and landscape complexity affect quantitative aphid-parasitoid-hyperpa tative aphid-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid food webs on a species-specific level to unravel how ch pecific level to unravel how changes in food web interactions affect parasitoid aphid control. lization affects whole aphid-parasitoid food webs in both simple and complex landscapes, allowi |
11821 | 6 | oke free from the limits imposed by the environment and learnt how to shape the environment to
environment and learnt how to shape the environment to their own ends. agriculture also had far n society, the improved methods of food production eventually resulting in rapid population gro ventually resulting in rapid population growth and the development of complex civilisations suc ting in rapid population growth and the development of complex civilisations such as those of c to the cultivated plants, and what the nature of the relationship is in each case. |
7436 | 1 | assess fococa 1. the functionality of a habitat with two biomarkers: vipera berus and the crick
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10639 | 10 | calling for geo-engineering methods of carbon capture and sequestration . it brings together c
ectiveness of a land-use advocated as a climate change mitigation strategy. the project will sh land-use advocated as a climate change mitigation strategy. the project will show if biochar s k soils is likely to lead to successful carbon sequestration and the consequences for the stabi uestration and the consequences for the stability of soil communities and the functions they un e society to respond urgently to global climate change by providing timely evidence-based recom endations to policy makers charged with climate change adaptation and mitigation. moreover this rged with climate change adaptation and mitigation. moreover this work will contribute to the n erstand the role of biodiversity in key ecosystem processes by studying the response of soil bi onsequences for the cycling of chemical nutrients. |
7430 | 1 | of techniques that allow a less greedy production in petroleum products. this thinking led in
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7190 | 4 | pean parliament and the grenelle of the environment in 2007. the inclusion of this new social i
y, ie enhance the functionality of agro-ecosystems while maintaining adequate production levels o-ecosystems while maintaining adequate production levels and ensuring the economic viability o contribute to the current debate on the evolution towards a productive and sustainable agricult |
7417 | 4 | l for agroforestry systems. the overall productivity of land and grain quality are improved. pl
cultured medium, through the trees and vegetation of the uncultivated strip, is it purveyor of stry grain of the hérault. research and development partners ensure a participatory and collabo osals for concrete improvements for the development of biodiversity within agroforestry plots c |
7111 | 5 | actions between landscape structure and production and maintenance practices; 2 / the ability o
epends, in large part, to their type of production system and the configuration of their operat territory, with a limited investment in mapping and analysis of the flora in the second site. t argins. in perspective, we consider the development of diagnostic methods for environmental man sessment methods of field margins using indicators |
7413 | 2 | reenway proposed by the grenelle of the environment, to regain biodiversity champenoise plain c
ivam of the oasis agriculture and rural development association hopes to allow crossing of the |
7703 | 17 | y the mechanisms of interaction between nitrogen metabolism and plant defense mechanisms, choos
hanisms of interaction between nitrogen metabolism and plant defense mechanisms, choosing the m plant defense mechanisms, choosing the model plant for cereals, rice, wheat base with the gree eat base with the green revolution, and model fungus magnaporthe grisea agent most important di cessary for a sustainable and effective resistance management. this interaction will be studied enes for expression studies involved in nitrogen metabolism and those involved in the defense m expression studies involved in nitrogen metabolism and those involved in the defense mechanisms he field, modulation of the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism will be obtained by different cultu modulation of the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism will be obtained by different culture system udied in these systems. the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism will be measured globally by conven these systems. the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism will be measured globally by conventional ch echanisms that modify the expression of resistance in the field. furthermore analysis of geneti d the work of genetic expression of the resistance will reinforce knowledge about the mechanism provide useful markers for the further development of varietal improvement for these ecologica rietal improvement for these ecological intensification systems. we propose to measure the effe se to measure the effects of ecological intensification systems that are the direct seeding on ing on plant cover on the expression of resistance to rice m. grisea and identify the mechanism |
523 | 3 | rsity depends, for a major part, on the production system and the landscape configuration of th
e grove: ecological system in which the growth is controlled both by landscape structures and b se, we have developed methods, based on indicators, to assess the biodiversity of field borders |
13310 | 6 | estrial and freshwater biodiversity and ecosystem functioning alarm will develop and test metho
d protocols for the assessment of large-scale environmental risks in order to minimise negative anges in biodiversity and in structure, function, and dynamics of ecosystems. this relates to e in structure, function, and dynamics of ecosystems. this relates to ecosystem services and incl dynamics of ecosystems. this relates to ecosystem services and includes the relationship betwee sity. in particular, risks arising from climate change, environmental chemicals, biological inv |
15187 | 8 | rvation, since they have a high species richness, contain several endemic species and other one
ed as bioindicators of the increases of sedimentation rates in disturbed environments. the sedi on rates in disturbed environments. the sedimentation influences the structure of benthic marin l reefs and subtidal habitats with high sedimentation rates related with human activities. neve rfs from sand-rocky habitats, where the sedimentation is naturally high. the present project en adiella melanoidea; b assessment of the sedimentation effects on the structure of benthic marin intertidal rocky shores; c study of the spatial variability of the algal turfs composition; d s species composition of algal trufs, the sediment granulometry and the wave exposure. samplings |
13593 | 13 | s. in this project, we will explore the trophic interactions between three introduced seaweed s
d on the effects of invading species on ecosystem processes. firstly, we will test the hypothes urces to defence and relatively less to growth compared to plants from the native range, by gro arden experiment. secondly, we will use mesocosm experiments and coupled field experiments to e of such a difference for two important ecosystem processes: community-level primary production for two important ecosystem processes: community-level primary production and the transfer of stem processes: community-level primary production and the transfer of energy to the next troph primary production and the transfer of energy to the next trophic level. since invasions often t also the more general hypothesis that community diversity affects production and consumption. thesis that community diversity affects production and consumption. we expect that the project that the project will contribute to the development of tools for predicting invasion success an ols for predicting invasion success and ecosystem effects of invasions, apart from elucidating duced macroalgae on the swedish coastal ecosystem. |
2522 | 1 | ction routes, establishment, population development of pacific oyster and its effects on native
|
14416 | 1 | their effect on native biodiversity and ecosystems. two main factors suggesting that bulgarian
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12016 | 4 | cesses involved in invasions of insular ecosystems. the biodiversity and the threats upon it ar
nvaded communities, taking the rat as a model species in 7 french island groups. by simultaneou and more complete understanding of the complexity of the impacts of invasive species when intr en introduced to or removed from island ecosystems. apart from its scientific outputs, this pro |
13743 | 5 | hat alien plants can replace natives by competition for space and nutrients. however, although
ce natives by competition for space and nutrients. however, although pollination is vital for r pollination network will be mapped in a habitat that harbours a large amount of alien plant spe ons occupied, interaction strengths and abundance of the alien plants will allow estimations of facilitative interactions in their new environment is of importance for our understanding of b |
7574 | 6 | allelic diversity of genes involved in resistance to rice yellow mottle virus and evaluate rel
e virus and evaluate relations with the resistance to well-characterized strains of rymv. two f lain the very high strength and partial resistance, will be given priority. allelic sequencing ll be conducted in conjunction with the resistance level evaluated against a range of viral iso against a range of viral isolates. the stability of certain sources of resistance and the adap es. the stability of certain sources of resistance and the adaptability of the virus will then |
10823 | 2 | of juvenile sea turtles revealing their migration patterns and habitat utilisation and identify
revealing their migration patterns and habitat utilisation and identifying hotspots where inte |
14103 | 2 | ponsibility communities in all-european scale, having a great importance for preserving biodive
a almost on the northern limit of their distribution area. the main aims of the project are: ha |
13311 | 1 | this network of excellence model. this framework will ensure that research contrib
|
14510 | 1 | is to produce heterogeneous seeds. this heterogeneity can affect not only colour, size, and sha
|
12355 | 1 | se - why is the r&d needed the food and environment protection act of defra and samples for ana
|
12709 | 5 | dentify opportunities for coupling semi-habitat restoration with recreation and tourism. biodiv
rnment makes significant investments in habitat restoration through farming schemes, which are ugh farming schemes, which are by their nature, short-term and dispersed. larger, longer-term r more secure in the face of the changing climate. studies of re-wilding, for, have generally ide uk. however, managed landscapes of high nature value, such as the new forest or norfolk broads |
11067 | 9 | climate has often been identified as the main determina
main determinant of species ranges, so climate change is expected to cause changes in species butions. recent research has identified climate-induced shifts in the altitudinal and latitudin ifts in the altitudinal and latitudinal distribution of a variety of taxa; however the interact the extinction of species at a regional scale. although species are likely to respond individua s are likely to respond individually to climate change, the overall consequences of these chang derstanding of the potential effects of climate change on regional and global biodiversity. thi s would be expected given the amount of warming that has taken place, and whether these changes fts for both local and regional species richness. |
9965 | 9 | climate has often been identified as the main determina
main determinant of species ranges, so climate change is expected to cause changes in species butions. recent research has identified climate-induced shifts in the altitudinal and latitudin ifts in the altitudinal and latitudinal distribution of a variety of taxa; however the interact the extinction of species at a regional scale. although species are likely to respond individua s are likely to respond individually to climate change, the overall consequences of these chang derstanding of the potential effects of climate change on regional and global biodiversity. thi s would be expected given the amount of warming that has taken place, and whether these changes fts for both local and regional species richness. |
12037 | 16 | scapes. socio economic determinants and production of ecosystem goods and services. in the amaz
economic determinants and production of ecosystem goods and services. in the amazonian arc of d nt. furthermore, people who live on the mining exploitation of one of the richest natural resou to public health, education, formation, energy or transport facilities. the amaz project aimed correct the strongly negative impact on environment while allowing economic and social developm ment while allowing economic and social development. the project considered a wide range of sit ndscapes, biodiversity, productions and ecosystem services provided by soils, tested for signif sity, agrosylvopastoral productions and ecosystem services, no attempt had been made so far to work on an interdisciplinary conceptual model and created an indicator of eco efficiency that m plinary conceptual model and created an indicator of eco efficiency that measures the socioecon l model and created an indicator of eco efficiency that measures the socioeconomic and environm s affect biodiversity, the provision of ecosystem goods and services and calculate correspondin nage landscape and biodiversity and the ecosystem goods and services that they provide. eco eff ods and services that they provide. eco efficiency indices were 4 times larger in agroforestry owest ranking. impact on local economic development and environmental conservation is thus meas y to halt deforestation and allow local development. |
10527 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
10774 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11051 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11574 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11816 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11817 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11820 | 8 | rgest reservoir of above-ground organic carbon and are exceptionally species rich. they are und
ation of natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. natural resources. they face a warming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these f ming climate and a changing atmospheric environment. these factors have the potential to affect iple constraint and mutually consistent carbon fluxes over the four-year measurement period. we rly constrained component of the global carbon cycle, based on a new understanding of the under he underlying processes and their large-scale effect. the project will also provide much improv of the response of the amazon to future climate change. |
11235 | 11 | s for a 6 month partnership and project development catalyst project to build an interdisciplin
guardians of some of the most important ecosystems of the planet. amazonia is one of earth s mo mazonia is one of earth s most precious ecosystems. as the amazonian forest reaches the andes i e: the yungas . these two sister forest ecosystems are amongst the most biodiverse regions of t her, across these four countries, these ecosystems span more than 6 million square kilometers, e world with some of its most important ecosystem services in terms of forest and food resource cines, rainfall regulation and a global carbon sink. internationally, there is an urgent need t nities directly dependent on biodiverse ecosystems. the need is especially urgent in this fragi deforestation, resource extraction and climate change. this proposal is for a 6-month grant to f awarded, we place a major emphasis on development of partners who will support and guide the d well-being specific objectives: a. to review existing evidence on links of biodiversity and i |
10573 | 13 | s of greenhouse gas exchange from these ecosystems, as attention has largely focussed on fluxes
nvironments are likely to change due to climate forcing or anthropogenic intervention. we propo some of the first pilot measurements of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from amazonian peatlan gin exploring the significance of these ecosystems for regional and global atmospheric budgets. h will help us to better understand how methane and nitrous oxide fluxes are influenced by ecol to predict the likely outcome of future environmental change or human disturbance, and will be turbance, and will be useful for future modelling efforts. this research is important and timel opical peatlands for current and future climate change. the need for studies like this are part zon basin, because of the rapid pace of development and land use change, which may trigger enha se of the rapid pace of development and land use change, which may trigger enhanced carbon loss use change, which may trigger enhanced carbon losses, greenhouse gas emissions and habitat deg on losses, greenhouse gas emissions and habitat degradation, all of which may act as a positive which may act as a positive feedback to climate change. |
2204 | 3 | is to give these two wps data to start modelling risk and economy already at an early stage of
rom this work can then be utilised when modelling the effects on the organism groups of the oth idemiology of the plague. an ecological model that also incorporates human activities and behav |
11186 | 8 | urce of information about past tropical climate, in particular as they appear to act as a bell-
ear to act as a bell-weather for global warming. in 1998, an estimated 16% of the world s tropi pread bleaching during 2002. the annual growth bands in coral can be used to reconstructed temp s in coral can be used to reconstructed temperature, salinity, ocean circulation, river runoff n be used to reconstructed temperature, salinity, ocean circulation, river runoff and sediment ty, ocean circulation, river runoff and sediment discharge over a colony s lifetime. in massive behaviour of high-frequency short-term climate fluctuations such as el niño. even more intrigu l to understanding the impact of future climate change and preparing management strategies for |
10869 | 2 | principally to ammonia released during decomposition of excreta and use the measurements to pr
to what extent this might affect their growth. this project is a contribution to antarctica ne |
14782 | 2 | sthobranch molluscs with a wide ranging distribution within the iberian-balerian-macranesian re
ain and portugal and of its biology and distribution. to attain these objectives we will undert |
12051 | 8 | s for the processes of reproduction and growth of juvenile stages. they are determinant for bio
versity conservation purposes. as their efficiency for fisheries management is stil questionabl ical, ecological, economical and social indicators for an ecosystem approach for fisheries, to economical and social indicators for an ecosystem approach for fisheries, to test the efficienc tem approach for fisheries, to test the efficiency of mpas and to assess the economical activit dynamic, bio-economical and multiagents modelling, to define the decision making mechanisms whi network of mpas. the calibration of the indicators will be done by analysis of historical datab analysis of historical databases . the efficiency, the study of the decision making process an |
15445 | 3 | g to 1 kg. regarding their geographical distribution, different species can be found from the b
u to tierra del fuego. given this large distribution, the representative of the genus must dig ible morphology and neurocranium suture complexity, using geometrics morphometrics and fractal |
12479 | 19 | estimate the benefits derived from the ecosystem services provided by the terrestrial ecosyste
em services provided by the terrestrial ecosystems of england, such as woodlands, rural landsca rural landscapes, rivers and moorlands. ecosystem services are the processes by which the natur are the processes by which the natural environment produces resources that are useful to peopl indeed, at a fundamental level, natural ecosystems perform critical life-support services upon upon which human civilization depends. ecosystem services provide us with economic benefits in vice provided by a coastal dune system. ecosystems also contain biodiversity discussed the role tain biodiversity discussed the role of ecosystems at a global level. the current study will sp specifically concentrate on terrestrial ecosystems in england and will calculate the value of e england and will calculate the value of ecosystem services at regional and national levels. res ational levels. results will inform the development of an ‘integrated policy framework which wi livery of defras vision for the natural environment. this vision is of a diverse, healthy and r diverse, healthy and resilient natural environment, which provides the basis for our survival, carried out in phase 1 of the national environment programme, which included a significant amo icant amount of work in identifying the ecosystem services involved, assessing the key issues a to the context of england’s terrestrial ecosystems. it will employ a consultative approach, inv gnitude of each service in each type of ecosystem. stage 2 will use the framework developed abo ions. a gap analysis will highlight any ecosystem services that could not be valued and will id lp us to better understand the value of ecosystems and the goods and services they provide us w |
11861 | 1 | nisations, including nerc s living with environmental change programme. it is also likely to be
|
12241 | 6 | nding it is unlikely that another large-scale experimental program could be financed, so it is
an improved understanding of how added nutrients influence plant growth and development and cr of how added nutrients influence plant growth and development and crop quality, and will ensur ed nutrients influence plant growth and development and crop quality, and will ensure better ta nd will ensure better targeting of such nutrients. it will also assist with developing best pra resources and helping to safeguard the environment by optimising fertiliser inputs to farming |
12672 | 3 | to provide a literature review of techniques assessing the importance of biodiv
importance of biodiversity and related ecosystem services in developing countries, focusing on ummarise the findings of the literature review to broaden understanding of the importance of bi |
10444 | 4 | ange estimates, efficacy of determining habitat use, cost-effectiveness. our ultimate goal is t
e goal is to advance our studies on the evolution of group living in carnivores by collecting d l care benefits, levels of interference competition and the cost-benefit trade-off between nata spersal. we will then use these data to model the benefits of group living in foxes under diffe |
11576 | 5 | focus for research into the effects of climate change on weather, climate, water resources, ag
e effects of climate change on weather, climate, water resources, agriculture and ecosystem fun imate, water resources, agriculture and ecosystem function. the evaporative water loss from can urface can be specified. using a simple modelling approach this wetness is determined by the di pies in relation to their corresponding climate and water budget constraints. |
10650 | 16 | ns store as much as one-third of global soil carbon and represent a highly important global car
and represent a highly important global carbon dioxide sink, with an amount of stored carbon re dioxide sink, with an amount of stored carbon representing 25-50% of current levels of atmosph their ability to continue to sequester carbon dioxide and their botanical composition under fu tanical composition under future global warming scenarios is uncertain, but research into their ut research into their ability to store carbon during former periods of climate change can prov o store carbon during former periods of climate change can provide clues to their potential fut been shown that changes in the rate of carbon accumulation during the medieval warm period and l to reconstruct the local peat forming vegetation when investigating long-term records of carb when investigating long-term records of carbon accumulation, but this, unfortunately is not alw and other boreal and subarctic peatland ecosystems. given this, there is a pressing need to dev its which contain millennial records of carbon accumulation rate changes, and in this way recon the spatial and temporal variability of carbon sequestration. this research seeks to redress th reconstruct the potential former local vegetation of a blanket peat sample of imperfectly know og deposits contain detailed records of carbon sequestration rate changes, and also provide pro on rate changes, and also provide proxy-climate data and long-term ecological records to inform |
12327 | 1 | an evaluation of the relative difficulty encountered by up
|
10342 | 3 | known . predicted outcomes include: the development of simulation software for use by biogeogra
more rigorous testing of hypotheses of global change and earth-life co-evolution. eses of global change and earth-life co-evolution. |
10079 | 5 | r-mediated gene flow. the comprehensive model of cresswell et al. encapsulates key elements of
ic structure of many plant species. the model can be applied to insect-pollinated crops and so a preliminary experimental test of the model yielded only partial success, however. i therefor mme of experiments to evaluate both the model and three previously unstudied pollination proces ct the accuracy of its predictions. the evaluation is critical in developing a full understandi |
10041 | 4 | gments in feathers and bills, and these traits feature prominently in research on sexual select
and mate quality to potential mates or dominance and fighting ability to competitive rivals. c nsively studied; carotenoid content and metabolism have been studied in many species; and a rob re the genetic mechanisms of carotenoid metabolism and deposition, and are the mechanisms the s |
152 | 5 | test them on data sets. 6. testing and evaluation of the models saved in the information syste
7. re-measuring of the permanent stand growth sample plot network covering all of estonia. 8. lot network covering all of estonia. 8. development of a database for forest growth functions. 8. development of a database for forest growth functions. 9. research on the theoretical aspect ch on the theoretical aspects of forest modelling and statistical analysis. |
10901 | 2 | ompound specific 15n analysis for total nitrogen analysis. in both cases the capability for 13c
nation will take place through the nerc community and beyond. commercial exploitation will be u |
13799 | 3 | areas for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem functioning in the central parts of the stock
se land uses influence biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of nup and surrounding habitats. ing habitats. habitats analyzed include nature reserves, dispersal corridors in green wedges, c |
7689 | 11 | s demand. the objective is to provide a mapping tool that models the interactions between socia
omic and landscape that can support the development of interdisciplinary research and managemen linary research and management choices. modeling morphological and geographical components of t rrigation channels in the landscape and vegetation will be analyzed in terms of ecological and the economic analysis of landscape and ecological services provided by the channels will forma alize their value and possible forms of recovery. the sociological approach will seek to identi . from the data collected and generated mapping, we show how the irrigation canals can foster c ow how the irrigation canals can foster connectivity between farmland and ecological value area e ecological role that they play in the production of environmentally and socially valued lands the mediterranean region. knowledge and development of this dynamic plant on the outskirts of i such as the role that they play in the production of landscapes raises questions about how the |
14848 | 5 | the aquatic ecosystems of the central plateau are included in one o
f the biological, ecological and social complexity present in this region, one of the bases for to determine priorities and found those ecosystems in which is convenient to focus the conserva tive which reach a broader study of the complexity of these situations. to do it, this project tion of the aquatic habitats by mean of development and application of the accurate index of bi |
11726 | 5 | ntly begun the first study of fluxes of energy, water and co2 over a mangrove forest using the
and dry seasons. canopy- and component-scale measurements will be integrated within a state-of be integrated within a state-of-the-art modelling framework, leading the first mechanistic unde hanistic understanding of the fluxes of energy and mass in a mangrove ecosystem. this is an opp fluxes of energy and mass in a mangrove ecosystem. this is an opportunity to understand a key f |
15017 | 2 | ch, it will be investigated whether the distribution, size and spectral characteristics of the
f the colored plumage patches of a bird community maximizes conspicuosness toward intended rece |
10052 | 8 | ese materials will be released into the environment, especially from domestic use, and that the
unities play important roles in aquatic food webs, and are vital to the integrity and normal nu integrity and normal nutrient cycling, stability, and functional geochemistry of sediments. in nts, and chemical factors such as water ph or salinity will be monitored. the project brings to nd chemical factors such as water ph or salinity will be monitored. the project brings together brings together expertise on bacteria, sediment/metal chemistry, and the ecotoxicology of nano f microbial diversity during controlled sediment and water exposures to silver and tio2 nps in lso be harmful to microorganisms in the environment. |
12703 | 5 | nd land management decisions concerning climate change and protected sites, and considerations
rations towards managing adaptation and mitigation needs . the project requires the use of clim needs . the project requires the use of climate projections , which is reviewing data sets, inc r evidence of signals of the effects of climate change. there is also a project that is assessi roject that is assessing the impacts of climate change on ornithological interest of uk special |
1085 | 7 | the invasion of mediterranean sand dune ecosystems by alien plants. the current project aims to
information regarding their geographic distribution. to this scope, the data base will be inte the data base will be integrated with a gis software in order to produce a cartographic represe nd alien species in the different plant community types growing on coastal dunes. furthermore, ats. the study of the morphological and functional traits will be carried out for all sampled s issen et al. . finally, the analysis of plant functional types together with the analysis of bi sses currently in progress in sand dune ecosystems. |
14569 | 2 | il features. studies on its genetic and functional diversity would enable a more rational selec
oorganisms to the functioning of forest ecosystems. . |
10232 | 14 | ft their ranges to keep track of future climate changes. most supporting evidence for this come
uthern boundaries are also sensitive to climate is equivocal. we will analyse existing data set t southern range margins in relation to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new f e the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new field data, we will mode dynamics. using new field data, we will model relationships between current distribution, habit ill model relationships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with tionships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical cl tween current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical climate and di limate, and test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relat test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relate species th elate species thermal ecology to recent distribution changes, and then use our models to predic hen use our models to predict potential distribution changes under alternative future climate c bution changes under alternative future climate change scenarios. |
10498 | 14 | ft their ranges to keep track of future climate changes. most supporting evidence for this come
uthern boundaries are also sensitive to climate is equivocal. we will analyse existing data set t southern range margins in relation to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new f e the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new field data, we will mode dynamics. using new field data, we will model relationships between current distribution, habit ill model relationships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with tionships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical cl tween current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical climate and di limate, and test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relat test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relate species th elate species thermal ecology to recent distribution changes, and then use our models to predic hen use our models to predict potential distribution changes under alternative future climate c bution changes under alternative future climate change scenarios. |
11512 | 14 | ft their ranges to keep track of future climate changes. most supporting evidence for this come
uthern boundaries are also sensitive to climate is equivocal. we will analyse existing data set t southern range margins in relation to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new f e the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new field data, we will mode dynamics. using new field data, we will model relationships between current distribution, habit ill model relationships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with tionships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical cl tween current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical climate and di limate, and test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relat test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relate species th elate species thermal ecology to recent distribution changes, and then use our models to predic hen use our models to predict potential distribution changes under alternative future climate c bution changes under alternative future climate change scenarios. |
11613 | 14 | ft their ranges to keep track of future climate changes. most supporting evidence for this come
uthern boundaries are also sensitive to climate is equivocal. we will analyse existing data set t southern range margins in relation to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability to climate, and analyse the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new f e the effects of climate variability on population dynamics. using new field data, we will mode dynamics. using new field data, we will model relationships between current distribution, habit ill model relationships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with tionships between current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical cl tween current distribution, habitat and climate, and test models with historical climate and di limate, and test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relat test models with historical climate and distribution data. we will attempt to relate species th elate species thermal ecology to recent distribution changes, and then use our models to predic hen use our models to predict potential distribution changes under alternative future climate c bution changes under alternative future climate change scenarios. |
15172 | 3 | relationships between phylogenetic and functional diversity of am fungi associated to the targ
versity in planta and to facilitate the succession of the different am fungi. this biotechnolog fferent am fungi. this biotechnological development would be based on the use of the methodolog |
10721 | 3 | wever, recent results indicate that the evolution of this differential use of genes is incomple
e genes that cause antagonism, or their function in the organism or how they evolve. this proje ally, we will study the patterns of dna evolution of loci involved in antagonism in order ident |
7380 | 1 | real situations and mobilizes deducted indicators molecular typing, genealogies or genetic eva
|
7596 | 1 | taining the gene i, head of sustainable resistance to nematodes, has been cloned and sequenced
|
10960 | 2 | recorder , a more robust picture of the distribution of the key taxa and the plankton community
bution of the key taxa and the plankton community structure will be possible. |
6923 | 2 | host plant cells resulting in tumorous growth. the transfer of bacterial dna from the bacteriu
ar breeding since they may increase the efficiency grapevine transformation. on the other hand, |
14536 | 2 | eport of 2002, the committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology, r
definition in bacteriology, recommends evaluation of multilocus gene sequence analysis for its |
7529 | 1 | alculation of the coordinates in cielab scale, chromosomal enumeration clones, interspecific hy
|
15173 | 4 | ntages, since it is a diploid amphibian model for which a lot of methodological tools have been
fferentiated ovaries . finally, gonadal development we will be studied using two approaches. on ges that take place in the gonad during development will allow us to establish the role of thos differential expression during gonadal development in x. tropicalis using microarrays. the ana |
12517 | 1 | after rapid growth, the area of organically farmed land has remaine
|
15038 | 14 | cal invasions are important elements of global change, representing the second threaten for ear
ine and even collapse of several marine ecosystems. seaweeds represent an important component o ese species mean a high risk for marine ecosystems, as seaweeds may function as ecosystem engin for marine ecosystems, as seaweeds may function as ecosystem engineers, being able to change t ecosystems, as seaweeds may function as ecosystem engineers, being able to change their structu eing able to change their structure and function, monopolizing the space and altering trophic n tors or factors related to the receiver community, such as its species richness, conservation d receiver community, such as its species richness, conservation degree or resources availability have evolutionary consequences for the ecosystems, further than the direct impacts by the inva species composition, and structure and production of the communities, which until now has only roposed: prediction based in biological distribution models. these predictive studies allow the els. these predictive studies allow the development of early detection systems to estimate the and in new climatic scenarios of global warming, identifying special sensitive regions to invas questions will be faced, considering as model the invasion of the red seaweed asparagopsis taxi |
14705 | 1 | deferential components in our winemaker production. in the other hand, to know the genetic dive
|
7532 | 1 | l be calculated by using the methods of classification distances nei, cavalli - sforza and reyn
|
15143 | 7 | nowadays, habitat destruction and fragmentation are major threats
on. in agricultural landscapes, loss of habitat diversity and complexity, at different spatial ndscapes, loss of habitat diversity and complexity, at different spatial scales, is also a crit ting for a major decrease of biological richness. a great amount of european diversity is maint ome urgent to know the effects that the habitat structure of agricultural landscapes has on its ce that small fragments of semi-natural habitat have as biological corridors, allowing to estab ndscape design and the proposal of agri-environment schemes. |
7371 | 1 | the formation of crossing- overs at the scale of a rapeseed variety collection
|
158 | 1 | ses by switching them on and off in the model.
|
14862 | 4 | et and they exert in many cases crucial ecological functions as principal components of the ben
by the unreliability of many anatomical traits currently used as species-diagnostic characters ficids, and morphology, ultrastructure, distribution and function of various external ciliated ology, ultrastructure, distribution and function of various external ciliated sensory organs pr |
10068 | 2 | er these lineages have responded to the evolution of their hosts in the same way. some kinds of
standing of the factors involved in the evolution of host-parasite assemblages. |
15424 | 8 | tidisciplinary perspective to study the evolution of sexual behaviour, genitalia and alternativ
008-02799 to propose an overview of the evolution of genitalia in the zygoptera . one of the mo y sexual reproduction is predominant in nature, despite its numerous costs. here we propose to c damselfly, to test theories about the evolution and maintenance of sex, and particularly the thesis. i. hastata is also an excellent model to study the nature and significance of selfish g is also an excellent model to study the nature and significance of selfish genetic elements, li e transposons. we recently reviewed the evolution and maintenance of alternative colour morphs make a comprehensive analysis of sperm competition mechanisms and other postcopulatory sexual |
13415 | 1 | erformance and to develop a sustainable production system of angora goats in rural areas within
|
14166 | 7 | tometer for the measurements of angular distribution of forest directional reflectance, and mea
nt and potential of angular reflectance distribution in remote sensing applications. for exampl of angular reflectance distribution in remote sensing applications. for example, the angular d applications. for example, the angular distribution of forest reflectance provides additional tance provides additional data on stand growth and state which is not available looking directl a test site of international satellite remote sensing projects. besides advancing the know-how es advancing the know-how of instrument development and data processing techniques, the results |
9963 | 2 | ightened, perhaps because they detect a predator, they tend to bunch together tightly. this has
uce its chance of being captured by the predator by moving in between other individuals, and th |
1987 | 5 | articular route and follow a particular migration schedule and what the implications will be of
understanding of the connection between migration and ecological, evolutionary and conservation interactions with conspecifics and the environment. therefore, they can assist in analysing th rs. we aim to develop an annual routine model and to obtain general insights into what shapes l insights into what shapes long-distance migration in birds, to estimate consequences of potenti |
13600 | 6 | the effect of disturbance on ecosystems is one of the key questions in contemporary
fect of canopy-thinning on ant-epiphyte metacommunity structure. the combination of these two m different management intenstiy on this ecosystem. second, it functions as a model system to an is ecosystem. second, it functions as a model system to answer the more general ecological ques cted and previously unpublished data on community structure of arboreal ants and combine this w e this with spatially explicit epiphyte abundance data, which i will collect on the shade-trees |
14417 | 13 | onmental protection investigations. the resistance of algae is connected with the efficiency of
sistance of algae is connected with the efficiency of their repair system and the stability of ficiency of their repair system and the stability of cell antioxidant defense. such kinds of st icance because of the fact that man and environment plants are forced to live under deteriorati g the elucidation of mechanisms forming resistance to uv, oxidative, light and temperature stre resistance to uv, oxidative, light and temperature stress. some algae remain vital even at hig to uv, oxidative, light and temperature stress. some algae remain vital even at highest uv leve s aspect, the use of antarctic algae as model systems for creation of survival strategies is ap of molecular and biochemical markers of resistance to ultraviolet radiation alone or combined w n alone or combined with other forms of stress in antarctic algae, as well as the creation of c n of complex strategies to assess algal resistance. we expect to determine uv stress markers wh l resistance. we expect to determine uv stress markers which are to be used when screening and used when screening and monitoring the environment, as well as when selecting resistible agric |
10344 | 5 | ular the group will study the supply of nitrogen and carbon to the bacteria and algae, how this
p will study the supply of nitrogen and carbon to the bacteria and algae, how this is affected and algae, how this is affected by the temperature and saltiness of the brines contained in th e, try to link the seasonal dynamics of nutrients, photosynthetic organisms and bacteria and lo ganisms that can relate to the chemical environment in which they have grown. such signatures a |
14366 | 16 | the quality of the generated dems. wp2 development and evolution of river systems: the major a
the generated dems. wp2 development and evolution of river systems: the major aim of this wp is ties provide information on the spatial distribution of specific fluvial land morphologies thro al land morphologies through changes in land cover and underlying soil composition. results wil : the goal of this wp is to assess dune migration rates and directions in the vicinity of the f are characterised by variations in the density of archaeological and settlement remains in con wp5 functional and multi-temporal urban development: the objective of this wp is to study the d ges and their relation with demographic evolution using a multi-temporal analysis of rs-imagery ties will be analysed, buth also the 3d evolution using results from wp 1. wp6 integration, int wp 1. wp6 integration, interaction and modeling of the urban, physical and archaeological envi the urban, physical and archaeological environment: in this wp, the results of wps 1-5 will be r to understand the long-term landscape development. the aim is to study human-environment inte development. the aim is to study human-environment interactions and to asses the impact of urb ctions and to asses the impact of urban development on the natural and cultural heritage throug tural and cultural heritage through the modelling of urban expansion and to assess the impact o impact of environmental changes on the distribution of archaeological features. -------------- |
14708 | 3 | control the relationship maintaining it seasonality. another objective is to know whether such
kind of relationships are widespread in nature within birds phylogeny. finally, since all upupi ght in the evolutionary history of this mutualism. |
13786 | 2 | mechanisms that control the baculovirus development in the lepidopteran host is important for t
-industry and for improving baculovirus efficiency in biological control. it can also give insi |
14106 | 12 | s relating to costs of reproduction and dominance in field studies on free-living birds. resear
n the basis of theories of life-history evolution and parasite-mediated sexual selection will b up-regulation and suppression of immune function and antioxidant barriers in order to investiga ther immune activation causes oxidative stress and whether and how these processes are modulate ndividual infection status. in the same model, the potential of carotenoid-based ornaments in a tested. costs and benefits of parasite resistance and tolerance, including effects on antioxid sed ornaments, will be evaluated in the model of experimental coccidiosis. the same model will l of experimental coccidiosis. the same model will be also applied for assessment how standard rd assays of immunocompetence relate to resistance and tolerance of real parasites. the hypothe physiological costs of reproduction and dominance are caused by immune suppression and oxidativ sed by immune suppression and oxidative stress will be tested by experimental manipulation of r manipulation of reproductive effort and dominance. |
7630 | 5 | he environmental impacts to the natural environment is statutorily subject to restrictions of u
his principle implies exchanges between nature objects, be substituted for them, must meet equi d on a range of factors relating to the nature of scientific knowledge, the nature of the excha the nature of scientific knowledge, the nature of the exchanged objects, temporalities and scal anged objects, temporalities and scales ecosystems concerned, the institutions that define and |
15333 | 12 | the loss and fragmentation of habitat caused by agriculture, forestry, tourism, or ur
griculture, forestry, tourism, or urban development alter biodiversity at local, regional and g diversity at local, regional and global scale. due to the importance of ants in many ecosystems . due to the importance of ants in many ecosystems, the loss of native ants can have important loss of native ants can have important indirect effects. these include effects on seed dispers ffects on seed dispersal and subsequent recruitment, on pollination, and even on vertebrate fau which reflect the dynamics and state of ecosystems. indeed, they are widely distributed, abunda lay an important role in nearly all the ecosystems to evaluate the potential use of ants as bio of organization including communities, functional groups and individual species. at the same t ll generate information relevant to the development of agri-environmental, forestry, and touris tourism policies, reconciling economic development and the conservation of biodiversity at the biodiversity at the local and regional scale. it also intends to obtain a rapid assessment of |
14604 | 5 | e to climatic change, considering 1 the temperature effect on locomotory behavior and on larval
1 the temperature effect on locomotory behavior and on larval development, 2 the resilience of ct on locomotory behavior and on larval development, 2 the resilience of anurans after metamorp water availability and 3 the effect of temperature on sound communication of adult anurans bet will determine whether the influence of temperature changes on the different vital processes ha |
7120 | 1 | biodiversity mainly apprehended in the nature conservation policies of line
|
10465 | 8 | t members of most temperate terrestrial ecosystems, and include some of the most significant ag
rovides essential amino acids and other nutrients that are absent in the aphids rather depauper can, among other things, increase aphid resistance to parasitic wasps and pathogenic fungi, hel his project seeks to understand how the community of secondary symbionts is structured: what de onts, and what affects its evolutionary stability. it consists of three subprojects. the first the first is to develop a mathematical model to synthesise all we know about secondary symbion st critical areas for research. no such model exists at the moment, and quantitative approaches the structure of the secondary symbiont community and to test hypotheses about how it is struct |
9887 | 8 | t members of most temperate terrestrial ecosystems, and include some of the most significant ag
rovides essential amino acids and other nutrients that are absent in the aphids rather depauper can, among other things, increase aphid resistance to parasitic wasps and pathogenic fungi, hel his project seeks to understand how the community of secondary symbionts is structured: what de onts, and what affects its evolutionary stability. it consists of three subprojects. the first the first is to develop a mathematical model to synthesise all we know about secondary symbion st critical areas for research. no such model exists at the moment, and quantitative approaches the structure of the secondary symbiont community and to test hypotheses about how it is struct |
10922 | 1 | rasitoid system. specifically, apparent competition in spatially extended systems will be inves
|
15575 | 21 | ince the 1940ies increased agricultural production has modified agricultural landscapes, includ
ation of natural habitats, reduction in habitat diversity, and increases in habitat disturbance in habitat diversity, and increases in habitat disturbance and agrochemical application. agric agrochemical application. agricultural intensification is considered a major driver of global loss, and has important effects on many ecosystem services. much recent research has focused on t research has focused on valuating and mapping ecosystem services at various spatial scales, b ch has focused on valuating and mapping ecosystem services at various spatial scales, but predi explicitly address how land-use affects ecosystem services mediated by biodiversity are rare. b re rare. biological pest control is one ecosystem service threatened by agricultural intensific stem service threatened by agricultural intensification. the diversity and abundance of natural ural intensification. the diversity and abundance of natural enemies and natural enemy attack r t straightforward. even though a recent meta-analysis showed that increasing enemy diversity us fluctuating environmental conditions. a food web approach, where the trophic interactions betwe ditions. a food web approach, where the trophic interactions between natural enemies, pests and n that the structure of host-parasitoid food webs can be strongly altered by habitat modificati id food webs can be strongly altered by habitat modification with important implications for bi as explored the interactions in complex food webs including agricultural pests, predatory and p of natural enemy-pest-alternative prey food web interactions and the value of biological contr scape composition affects natural enemy community composition and how historic shifts in natura . using up-to-date molecular techniques food web interactions will be empirically examined unde al control. these data will feed into a model for biological control of cereal aphids, and faci |
10603 | 2 | are, how they survive in their extreme environment and how they might influence processes in d
n ancient bacteria. they may even be an environment where life on earth might have started. so |
10103 | 12 | years as a result of plant collecting, intensification of agriculture and land use changes hav
uced in size that their germination and development in nature is dependent upon specialized ass at their germination and development in nature is dependent upon specialized associations with seeds and supply the young plants with carbon and nutrients. this unique form of nutrition con supply the young plants with carbon and nutrients. this unique form of nutrition continues thro ss spectrometer enabling the individual carbon and nitrogen containing compounds to be identifi eter enabling the individual carbon and nitrogen containing compounds to be identified and thei f the composition and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen-containing compounds can be made in sition and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen-containing compounds can be made in the orchid gal partner, in adjacent cells in which carbon is stored by the plant and the fungus excluded, in plant vascular tissue through which nutrients and carbon pass up into the shoots. ular tissue through which nutrients and carbon pass up into the shoots. |
11558 | 3 | veal an historic link between jellyfish abundance and fish abundance this will be a very useful
nk between jellyfish abundance and fish abundance this will be a very useful advance for manage ers seeking to regulate fisheries in an ecosystem context. the project will also demonstrate to |
12631 | 4 | best and most versatile /bmv datasets; review of local development framework and planning supp
ersatile /bmv datasets; review of local development framework and planning supporting statement local authorities with high a degree of development pressures and which have high concentration aken account of bmv as a sustainability indicator when determining planning applications. the p |
7034 | 18 | terrestrial ecosystem models are designed to assess the flux of ene
dels are designed to assess the flux of energy, water, carbon and nitrogen corresponding to a g ed to assess the flux of energy, water, carbon and nitrogen corresponding to a given vegetation s the flux of energy, water, carbon and nitrogen corresponding to a given vegetation type. ecos n and nitrogen corresponding to a given vegetation type. ecosystem model validations use classi rresponding to a given vegetation type. ecosystem model validations use classical statistical m g to a given vegetation type. ecosystem model validations use classical statistical methods . o s that these five measures indicate the stability status of a given model simulation. if the mo ndicate the stability status of a given model simulation. if the model behaves stable then the tus of a given model simulation. if the model behaves stable then the accuracy and precision of able then the accuracy and precision of model outputs will remain valid. if the model behaves u model outputs will remain valid. if the model behaves unstable it may indicate either a reduced ed predictability or a reduction in the stability of a real world ecosystem. outputs from this uction in the stability of a real world ecosystem. outputs from this research project may have implications allowing us to compare the stability of different ecosystem types or the change in s to compare the stability of different ecosystem types or the change in the stability accordin nt ecosystem types or the change in the stability according to a change in driving forces like ding to a change in driving forces like climate change. |
14695 | 3 | ing system of hippocampus guttulatus in nature and culture will be studied to check the monogam
in this genus, as well as the temporal stability, a basic subject for the development and futu oral stability, a basic subject for the development and future improvement of culture of this s |
6744 | 4 | and enology has been dealing with grape resistance breading effectivelly for a half century. br
y for a half century. breading of fungi-resistance, marketable grape species are important not the number of plants in the multi-year evaluation. during traditional hibridization, after the hybrid-families by back-crossing of the resistance and sensitive grape species. in such case, i |
15219 | 4 | xcepting a few species that show direct development, pass through a planktonic larval period wi
ncountered by researchers when studying population dynamics, recruitment events, larval dispers hers when studying population dynamics, recruitment events, larval dispersal and colonization, ecruitment events, larval dispersal and colonization, functioning of planktonic trophic webs an |
14663 | 3 | e mediterranean forest are subjected to stress periods with high irradiance combined with droug
mperatures. the imbalance between light energy absorption and its use in photosynthesis leads t esis leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species correlation of biochemical quantificatio |
14203 | 4 | index on formation of fi values in the sediment pore water dom of a large shallow lake; respec
spective horizontal variation and small-scale variation in surface sediments will be estimated. he pore water fi values in the vertical sediment profiles of a large shallow lake with comparat e changes in the autochtonous microbial production rather than changes in the catchment process |
10821 | 1 | in to understand better the patterns of environmental change in a major mountain belt.
|
11022 | 7 | he part that mammals played in mesozoic ecosystems is sketchy. exceptionally though, the fissur
l new information about the ecology and evolution of these mammalian ancestors, using a rigorou ncestors, using a rigorously quantified modelling approach. we know a lot about certain aspects nd indicates a mammalian physiology and growth pattern. palaeontologists are using many new tec ted. the analysis calculates strain and stress within the structure in response to these loadin the basis of an accurate finite element model. tiny early mammals are assumed to be insectivore n priority of the two joints during the growth of an individual. is there some indication for t |
12490 | 27 | onia can have a range of impacts on the environment and human health, including : - effects on
diversity of semi-natural areas due to nitrogen enrichment through atmospheric nirogen deposit transformation of deposited ammonia to nitrate and its subsequent leaching; - pollution of gro ground water and drinking water due to nitrate leaching; - eutrophication of surface waters du eutrophication of surface waters due to nitrogen enrichment; - global warming due to emission o rs due to nitrogen enrichment; - global warming due to emission of nitrous oxide and methane, a ng due to emission of nitrous oxide and methane, and cooling due to ammonium sulphate aerosols; te aerosols; air quality management for ecosystem protection has primarily focussed to date on critical loads to define environmental thresholds above which adverse effects may occur. howev ects may occur. however, the effects on ecosystem services of exceedance of these thresholds ha osystem services of exceedance of these thresholds have not been fully evaluated. furthermore, been fully evaluated. furthermore, the nature of ammonia emissions and their diffuse sources m a policy approach which considers these ecosystem impacts in isolation is not viable. the addit isolation is not viable. the additional complexity arises from the way nitrogen derived from am ditional complexity arises from the way nitrogen derived from ammonia emissions ‘cascades’ thro mmonia emissions ‘cascades’ through the environment undergoing transformations that create pote tial for interactions between losses of nitrogen compounds to air and water from terrestrial sy il to air could potentially lead to the nitrogen emerging as nitrates in water courses to the d courses to the detriment of the aquatic environment or to nitrous oxide emissions that contribu rous oxide emissions that contribute to climate change. in the uk to date, most effort has been ng abatement strategies at the national scale. the gothenburg protocol of the united nations ec measures. this project will compare the ecosystems approach with current conventional air quali approaches to determine which assesses ecosystem services more comprehensively in terms of imp value of ecosytem services and links to human well-being. this will acheived by comparing three eir causes, to the implementation of an ecosystems approach for air quality policy development systems approach for air quality policy development at national level in the uk. a stakeholder to the barriers, and to identify how an ecosystems approach could be implemented within current |
12516 | 10 | an ecological approach to orchard floor vegetation management will determine if this can lead t
l management of this disease. finally a review of the effects of calcium on fruit rotting in st y areas for future research. generalist predators will attack a range of prey species. many spe range of prey species. many species of predators/parasitoids occur naturally in crops and surr ccur naturally in crops and surrounding vegetation, but they may colonise and remain in crops o s within the crop to provide attractive vegetation both in terms of refuges and alternative foo food sources is likely to increase the abundance of beneficials in the cropping area, leading fruit quality and indirectly increases resistance to fungal rots. more recent research in trop s, reducing spore germination, mycelial growth and sporulation and possibly also on the host, i and possibly also on the host, inducing resistance to the pathogen. thus calcium, if effective, |
12046 | 2 | elled organisms, are typical as species richness is high and each species appears to be very wi
ine food chains work and the effects of global change. we examined basic questions concerning p |
12057 | 5 | . however, comprehensive studies at the community level are still missing. the following object
assessing transduction, host range and resistance processes in communities; 4/ refining the ki nities; 4/ refining the kill the winner model on the influence of viruses on prokaryotic divers of phage and host diversity to test the model. the findings will be compared between different quatic environments to assess diversity productivity relationships. |
11045 | 3 | emicals are extremely long-lived in the environment and are know to be accumulating within diff
on the hormonal regulation of aquaporin function in the european eel as it is possible that del nsporters may compromise the successful migration of fish from fw to sw environments and/or red |
11057 | 3 | emicals are extremely long-lived in the environment and are know to be accumulating within diff
on the hormonal regulation of aquaporin function in the european eel as it is possible that del nsporters may compromise the successful migration of fish from fw to sw environments and/or red |
14892 | 12 | ry field in ecology that analyses large-scale patterns and processes of ecological particles .
s factors implied in observed patterns. community and population level patterns will be related taxonomical level in order to assess if community-population richness relationships are coincid order to assess if community-population richness relationships are coincident across taxonomica nd non-neutral processes contributed to community and population richness in each region by ana contributed to community and population richness in each region by analysing the relationship b n by analysing the relationship between community and population richness and abundance, site o onship between community and population richness and abundance, site occupancy, niche breadth, n community and population richness and abundance, site occupancy, niche breadth, spatio-tempor cupancy, niche breadth, spatio-temporal connectivity, and dispersion capabilities. thus, we wil s, we will bring population genetics to community genetics and how it is linked to patterns of ics and how it is linked to patterns of community composition generally. with the accomplishmen |
7254 | 1 | ct is to characterize the diversity and distribution of microorganisms
|
10238 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
10697 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
11252 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
11262 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
11793 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
11800 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
11803 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
9971 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
9977 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
9986 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
9988 | 4 | how they interact to form a functional community. molecular biology has revolutionised microbi
d be given to identifying and exploring microbial community structure, to explain how individua pulation interact and how the resulting microbial activity impinges on biogeochemical cycles. t use cutting edge technologies to track microbial activity and to identify the microbes involve |
12247 | 5 | cantly as a consequence of agricultural intensification over the last 40 years. biodiversity is
s an essential component of sustainable development helping farmers to become net positive cont become net positive contributors to the environment and reduce the environmental footprint of f uce the environmental footprint of food production substantially. this has clear significance f clear significance for sustainable food production and security. |
7035 | 14 | in the landscape that transport organic carbon from the continents to the oceans. recent studie
he net heterotrophy — the dependence of ecosystem metabolism on terrestrial organic carbon — in ystem metabolism on terrestrial organic carbon — in streams and rivers. obviously, these observ ons raise the question: how can organic carbon that was initially stored in soils over extended elatively short residence time in these ecosystems. this project will answer this essential que pended aggregates, are major drivers of carbon cycling in streams and large rivers. first, we w ll identify populations involved in the metabolism of key organic compounds of terrestrial orig pproach, will then study whole-ecosytem metabolism in and co2 outgassing from various ecosystem lism in and co2 outgassing from various ecosystems in alpine, tropical and arctic networks. the pine, tropical and arctic networks. the carbon cycle in these biomes is predicted to be particu cted to be particularly prone to global warming. this ecosystem-level information, coupled with ticularly prone to global warming. this ecosystem-level information, coupled with our mechanist tion, coupled with our mechanistic fine-scale understanding of processes, will serve to test fl formance to oxidize terrestrial organic carbon. |
10518 | 13 | ocean, hundreds of plumes of bubbles of methane gas were discovered in 2008, rising from the se
se to that of the landward limit of the methane hydrate stability zone. methane hydrate is a so e landward limit of the methane hydrate stability zone. methane hydrate is a solid with the app of the methane hydrate stability zone. methane hydrate is a solid with the appearance of ice, e-like structure enclosing molecules of methane. methane hydrate is stable under conditions of ructure enclosing molecules of methane. methane hydrate is stable under conditions of low tempe drate is stable under conditions of low temperature and high pressure such as those found in re 300-600 metres, depending on the water temperature. over the past thirty years, the ocean s te over the past thirty years, the ocean s temperature at the seabed has increased by 1 degree c, at hydrate has broken down and released methane, which has migrated to the seabed and into the ean. at present, the rate of release of methane is generally too slow to overcome dissolution a sewhere, could release large amounts of methane over a short period of time. the strength of su ution seismic system to image the small-scale structures that convey gas to the seabed and to d |
10183 | 1 | central to marine foodwebs, the global carbon cycle and represent a key life-stage of many ben
|
11453 | 1 | al analysis of germination and seedling development. symbionts will be identified by molecular
|
11785 | 7 | reme negative correlation between taxon body size and the number of species described. current
es are ecologically important in marine sediment ecosystem processes and comprise the majority ologically important in marine sediment ecosystem processes and comprise the majority of the pr sms rely. despite their pivotal role in ecosystem functioning, a current estimate of global nem stimates of regional and global species richness. the utilization of mps to quantify nematode m ial biological component of the earth s ecosystems. furthermore, the project will serve as a te rtaining to the role of biodiversity in ecosystem functioning. |
11636 | 10 | l contains a complex and highly diverse community of microorganisms. these microorganisms are r
ce of soil structure and for cycling of nutrients for plant growth. the majority of soil microo and for cycling of nutrients for plant growth. the majority of soil microorganisms cannot be r determine identity and diversity of the community. molecular analysis has revealed the existenc ted with extreme environments, e.g. low ph, high temperature. non-thermophilic crenarachaeota a extreme environments, e.g. low ph, high temperature. non-thermophilic crenarachaeota are abunda e their role in soil processes or their ecosystem function. two recent studies involving sequen marine environments indicate a possible function for these organisms. 16s rrna genes of non-the nucleic acids will then be separated by density gradient centrifugation. the different nucleic anisms contributes to an important soil ecosystem process, soil nitrification. |
10070 | 4 | n plant nutrition by exchanging mineral nutrients captured from the soil for access to plant or
om the soil for access to plant organic carbon. however, we know surprisingly little about how ral environments. heathlands are unique ecosystems that are threatened worldwide by ectomycorrh and laboratory approach to uncover the distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi in lowland heaths |
10429 | 4 | tropical ecosystems are major sources of the greenhouse gases .
ine the relative contribution of andean ecosystems to the ch4 and n2o budgets for south america n ch4 and n2o fluxes from upland andean ecosystems will also help us evaluate whether other tro ric budgets of ch4 and n2o. lastly, the development and adaptation of mathematical models that |
10967 | 4 | tropical ecosystems are major sources of the greenhouse gases .
ine the relative contribution of andean ecosystems to the ch4 and n2o budgets for south america n ch4 and n2o fluxes from upland andean ecosystems will also help us evaluate whether other tro ric budgets of ch4 and n2o. lastly, the development and adaptation of mathematical models that |
11699 | 4 | tropical ecosystems are major sources of the greenhouse gases .
ine the relative contribution of andean ecosystems to the ch4 and n2o budgets for south america n ch4 and n2o fluxes from upland andean ecosystems will also help us evaluate whether other tro ric budgets of ch4 and n2o. lastly, the development and adaptation of mathematical models that |
14952 | 2 | e a significant component of the global environmental change and are viewed as one of the most
s of change in biodiversity at a global scale, usually with harmful ecological and economic eff |
14540 | 5 | the development of former research projects dealing with id
ous artemia strains from their original ecosystems. facing these prospects, the present project il the following objects: to update the distribution of saline ecosystems inhabited by autochth s: to update the distribution of saline ecosystems inhabited by autochthonous artemia strains i system, should show which are the major traits of this competitive mechanism and its consequenc |
14638 | 1 | the development of former research projects dealing with id
|
7151 | 8 | igh economic value because of its rapid growth, the light color and excellent mechanical proper
us excelsior, indigenous, have separate distribution areas but are actually sympatric in some r a business perspective. the reality of climate change, notably that of the increase in the ave bly that of the increase in the average temperature at the earth's surface will change the dist at the earth's surface will change the distribution of species and some will migrate to higher he ash oxyphylle its northern limit of distribution is currently located in loire valley and s oncern us are related to the process of colonization, local adaptation, mating system and gene better understand the dynamics of post- colonization of pioneer species that necessarily will h |
13875 | 6 | ica. it constitutes a major concern for nature conservation along the coasts of the north sea a
o kinds of causes may be distinguished, evolution and ecology. a genetic change may have taken y altered selective pressure in the new environment or by introgression from native or cultivat atural enemies , which limit population growth and plant vigour in its native range. circumstan release hypothesis by reducing general herbivory and disease under field conditions with compe ive and exotic ranges. in addition, the population dynamics will be studied in order to identif |
14583 | 1 | d up the process of restoration of this community in the places where due to the human activiti
|
12590 | 5 | a key requirement for reliable data on soil carbon on which evidence-based policy decisions ca
be made. recent evidence suggests that carbon is being lost from soils in england and wales, b likely that the impacts of any specific mitigation measures cannot currently be quantified. it road representative base of the uk soil community, was convened, through the auspices of previo the spatial and temporal properties of carbon in soils. • using the decision tool to define th |
14480 | 3 | nces on the individual, population, and community, of a supplementary feeding program as a way
pplementary feeding program as a way to recovery the populations of iberian lynx . according to . according to previous information on intraguild predation and mesopredator release, it could |
10163 | 6 | minated to algae-dominated reefs. these habitat changes, combined with fishing pressure, are ex
nd unpublished information on reef fish abundance across the caribbean. using the same analytic ish the long-term patterns of change in abundance of reef fish and relate these to changes in h eef fish and relate these to changes in habitat and fishing pressure. in addition, the role of altering the patterns of change in fish abundance, particularly for those species that are not ill yield a unique picture of the large-scale ecological changes that have occurred on caribbea |
10190 | 3 | in unicellular microbes, fitness = growth rate, and very small changes in growth rate, and
growth rate, and very small changes in growth rate, and thus fitness, may be discriminated usi hus fitness, may be discriminated using competition analysis in chemostat culture. molecularly |
10998 | 3 | in unicellular microbes, fitness = growth rate, and very small changes in growth rate, and
growth rate, and very small changes in growth rate, and thus fitness, may be discriminated usi hus fitness, may be discriminated using competition analysis in chemostat culture. molecularly |
12342 | 4 | nefits of improved estimates of discard mortality will be to reduce the risk that unsustainable
ntial. in addition, it will benefit the development of any proposed recovery plans for threaten benefit the development of any proposed recovery plans for threatened stocks. furthermore, the to fishing practices to reduce discard mortality, but without requiring punitive quotas or ove |
12291 | 16 | novel agricultural weeds as a result of climate and other environmental change. in the last 30
weeds as a result of climate and other environmental change. in the last 30 years, agricultura re is increasing incidence of herbicide resistance in weeds. herbicide resistance evolves in we erbicide resistance in weeds. herbicide resistance evolves in weed species following frequent e single herbicide mode of action. where resistance is already prevalent in weed populations, it s of action. where farmers are fighting resistance with judicious rotation of many herbicide mo this research is to develop a computer model that will predict the impacts of changes in herbi e most severe, widespread and herbicide-resistance prone weed species in the uk. once the model prone weed species in the uk. once the model has been used to demonstrate the impacts of chang nvironmentally benign and less prone to development of herbicide resistance. a key element of t less prone to development of herbicide resistance. a key element of these changes will be to i d biological weed control options. this modelling-based project will help defra to quantify the nded weeds research. in particular, the development of alternative weed control strategies will rica are increasing their incidence and distribution in the uk. the project will examine the ev r how this spread may be exacerbated by climate and environmental change. recommendations will pread may be exacerbated by climate and environmental change. recommendations will be made for |
10840 | 5 | global freshwaters on an unprecedented scale. a suite of uk lake types, exhibiting a range of
gy and hence can be used to reconstruct phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a levels u ed to reconstruct phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a levels using a range of pre-ex eters will be correlated with the known sediment and catchment data, enabling the differences i ta, enabling the differences in timing, nature and magnitude of response in different lake type |
11610 | 2 | , p- and fe-limitation of phytoplankton growth, photosynthesis and n2 fixation will be undertak
teor cruise 55 are limited by different nutrients. |
15438 | 4 | ng multifactor interactions influencing ecosystem structure and functioning is critical to unde
ritical to understand their response to global change. therefore, there are a high demand of in tent our knowledge on how organisms and ecosystems respond to the interaction between global . ixing vertical in marine and freshwater ecosystems. this is a guarantee to achieve the complex |
14903 | 2 | this project studies distribution, reservoirs and survival of edwardsiella t
hich is an eel pathogen, in the natural environment as well as the influence of some other biot |
10973 | 4 | i propose to undertake large scale sequencing of dna extracted from pelagic antarcti
o assess biodiversity within planktonic ecosystems in the southern ocean. following large-scale in the southern ocean. following large-scale sequencing i will design sequence-specific probes e optimised, will allow rapid and large-scale biodiversity and ecological studies of planktonic |
13794 | 6 | rms of insights in landscape analyze of ecosystem services , trade-offs between bundles of serv
ernance challenges involved in managing ecosystem services at a landscape scale. in addition to aging ecosystem services at a landscape scale. in addition to work within my previous case stud nalize this work and participate in the development of a regional model of the agricultural per cipate in the development of a regional model of the agricultural peri-urban region in southern l for an extended period. experience of modeling of social-ecological systems will be an import |
7485 | 5 | reeding, and ecological effects through predation, competition and the transfer of diseases to
d ecological effects through predation, competition and the transfer of diseases to wild fish. echnological research on a pan-european scale to improve recommendations and guidelines for aqu reby improving operations and equipment production, and advancing national and international st effects of escapees. if prevention and mitigation are more successful, genetic and ecological |
14109 | 8 | lower seed mixtures is a common tool in habitat restoration, while the genetic consequences of
project are to evaluate the functional habitat connectivity using novel landscape genetic tool are to evaluate the functional habitat connectivity using novel landscape genetic tools and to wetland plant lychnis flos-cuculi as a model species representing the group of species, which ch verges in agricultural landscapes as model systems. i will sample sown and natural populatio pollen and whether it is influenced by habitat connectivity. i will set up an experiment in th and whether it is influenced by habitat connectivity. i will set up an experiment in the study tainable planning of agri-environmental connectivity measures and restoration ecology. |
12168 | 6 | current agri-environment schemes are central to meeting the governme
els monitoring project, will inform the development and implementation of agri-environment meas development and implementation of agri-environment measures designed to enhance the conservati andscape context and some indication of threshold habitat areas required for population recover ontext and some indication of threshold habitat areas required for population recovery for a nu d habitat areas required for population recovery for a number of key bird species. |
12550 | 4 | ial contribution to agriculture and the environment through pollination: they also produce hone
honey bee , are known to assist colony recovery. alternatively in cases of higher disease leve ce of the disease causing organisms and threshold levels of bacteria within colonies that lead f bacteria within colonies that lead to development of clinical signs of disease. all samples o |
10865 | 5 | pervisory team that is world-leading in ecosystem based ocean acidification research using natu
tor spatial and temporal variability in ph . the student will examine whether calcified algae, s will be used to assess the diversity, behavior and abundance of shrimps and fish recording th d to assess the diversity, behavior and abundance of shrimps and fish recording the distributio dance of shrimps and fish recording the distribution of gravid females and fish nests in relati |
14816 | 6 | s of different species, and the spatial modelling of the distributions of the implied species,
ose distributions more dependent on the environment, we will build predictive models of future ive models of future distributions in a climate change scenario. we will also extract the perti sions for the conservation of different distribution types, depending on whether they are more alysis, as the spanish ministry for the environment has just published the distribution atlases the environment has just published the distribution atlases of all vertebrate groups on the ut |
11012 | 3 | to one another. for example, changes in temperature or habitats can alter distributions of host
system . a. lyrata tends to grow in low competition environments so we will also question wheth d albugo and establish whether the same resistance mechanisms operate in host populations sampl |
11524 | 3 | to one another. for example, changes in temperature or habitats can alter distributions of host
system . a. lyrata tends to grow in low competition environments so we will also question wheth d albugo and establish whether the same resistance mechanisms operate in host populations sampl |
12171 | 9 | which it can provide valuable foraging habitat in summer and winter, as well as breeding habit
summer and winter, as well as breeding habitat for some ground-nesting species. a review of re itat for some ground-nesting species. a review of recent studies suggests that, on average, set used to characterise valuable foraging habitat and inform the sorts of habitat features that c oraging habitat and inform the sorts of habitat features that could potentially be promoted as d potentially be promoted as field-edge mitigation measures for the loss of set-aside. the resu ng evidence base for the impact of this habitat change on the behaviour and population trends o they will also provide a basis for the development of possible options in terms of field edge may be implemented alongide other agri-environment measures to prevent further population decl |
10311 | 8 | milar to some predictions of the future climate of the region. this is because most climate mod
ate of the region. this is because most climate models predict an increase in dry season intens eason intensity, and all an increase in temperature in the coming century as a consequence of g ming century as a consequence of global climate change. whether or not long-term climate change limate change. whether or not long-term climate change is already involved the current event ca d forest, deciduous forests and savanna ecosystems and species respond to drying, so helping as drying, so helping assess the potential scale of impacts as the amazon climate dries. our team otential scale of impacts as the amazon climate dries. our team has a large network of on-the-g |
9953 | 2 | ght in amazonia. this may be related to warming of the north atlantic and gulf of mexico, the s
d the precise magnitude, intensity, and distribution of the drought, and also satellite-based m |
9985 | 2 | ght in amazonia. this may be related to warming of the north atlantic and gulf of mexico, the s
d the precise magnitude, intensity, and distribution of the drought, and also satellite-based m |
2182 | 1 | ng sets of categories and criteria. the evaluation will conform to these guidelines to enable e
|
10858 | 1 | me of the most basic information on the life history of this species, information that may be v
|
10067 | 1 | ow environmental conditions promote the development of pkd is poorly understood but such unders
|
10156 | 7 | e interactions may arise through direct competition between parasites within each host. however
may also be indirect, possibly through competition for shared resources . in this case, immune s that result in a diverse, interactive community within each individual host. clearly, underst measuring interactions using classical community ecology perturbation experiments, by removing pecies was previously suppressing their abundance. by repeating this process for all main paras these interactions into a mathematical model will allow us to predict how such parasite commun of two species at the same time. if our model predictions prove accurate for more complex co-tr |
11676 | 7 | e interactions may arise through direct competition between parasites within each host. however
may also be indirect, possibly through competition for shared resources . in this case, immune s that result in a diverse, interactive community within each individual host. clearly, underst measuring interactions using classical community ecology perturbation experiments, by removing pecies was previously suppressing their abundance. by repeating this process for all main paras these interactions into a mathematical model will allow us to predict how such parasite commun of two species at the same time. if our model predictions prove accurate for more complex co-tr |
12341 | 3 | an level on setting a zero tac. further mitigation measures such as area or seasonal closures,
limited knowledge of the movements and distribution of these species, and their survivorship a hip after capture, severely hampers the evaluation of proposed policies.to evaluate the efficac |
12615 | 1 | eliable data. this will then inform the nature and extent of the main survey. there is also the
|
10992 | 7 | affected by the replacement of natural ecosystems with human-dominated ones. in order to bette
rsity and the impact of factors such as climate change, this project aims to provide a small-sc e, this project aims to provide a small-scale microsampling technique for the thorough identifi has had a recent from the recent small-scale excavations at pin hole cave. the sampling will b ormation obtained from the earlier full-scale excavation to evaluate the potential of small-sca tion to evaluate the potential of small-scale excavations that are comprehensively analysed. re ly analysed. reducing the need for full-scale excavation would minimise site destruction and al |
11214 | 12 | culation patterns and/or changes in the abundance and distribution of their food; primarily the
rns and/or changes in the abundance and distribution of their food; primarily the small single- f 2001/2 we gathered information on the distribution and abundance of calanus over the entire i red information on the distribution and abundance of calanus over the entire irminger basin. we easure various indices of phytoplankton abundance and activity in the water and relate this to sured relationships between biomass and productivity to reconstruct phytoplankton production ra oductivity to reconstruct phytoplankton production rates, from space. production rates estimate oplankton production rates, from space. production rates estimated from space will then need to need to be validated with phytoplankton productivity measured in the sea. once we have establis tablished reliable year-round and basin-scale phytoplankton production, this will provide an es ear-round and basin-scale phytoplankton production, this will provide an estimate of the availa this information to assess whether the abundance of calanus is controlled by the available foo |
11754 | 6 | fish stocks, we need to understand the population dynamics and productivity of the zooplankton
understand the population dynamics and productivity of the zooplankton populations on which th orth atlantic. the study of zooplankton growth in the ocean is very difficult and time consumin sure the activity of enzymes related to growth and perform growth experiments combined with enz f enzymes related to growth and perform growth experiments combined with enzyme activity assays fying true costs of over-wintering, and modelling this important aspect of life-history. |
419 | 5 | ears to be one of the most sensitive to climate change. the potential impacts of these changes
onsequences on the preservation of many ecosystems and species. a strong research effort to det etermine the past and coming effects of global change over the mediterranean must be supported onmental events: epizootic diseases and mortality, change in the geographical and/or bathymetri in the geographical and/or bathymetric distribution of species. by using a multi-disciplinary |
7136 | 3 | be one of the most sensitive regions to climate change. the potential impacts of this change co
or the conservation of many species and ecosystems. a determined effort to discern research pas ern research past and future effects of global change in the mediterranean should be supported |
12272 | 10 | nd environmental impacts of arable crop production. this project will maintain consistency of s
evalence of each species in response to climate and agronomic practice and provide data to assi key resource for monitoring impacts of climate change on uk agriculture by measuring indicator e change on uk agriculture by measuring indicator species. most recently these data were used t ity of pesticide active ingredients, to production of wheat in this country. as well as address acts of issues including food security, climate change, environmental protection, uk and eu gov , uk and eu government policy, varietal resistance, pathogen resistance, land management and ec t policy, varietal resistance, pathogen resistance, land management and economics on wheat and and economics on wheat and oilseed rape production. samples or data will also be provided to su to support monitoring for food safety, development and validation of models for disease and pe |
7457 | 12 | as the evidence for human induced climate change becomes clearer, so too does the realiza
ts effects will have impacts on natural environment and socio-economic systems. some regions ar l will assess the impacts of a changing climate on the quantity and quality of water in mountai d quality of water in mountain regions. modeling techniques will be used to project the influen various time and space scales. regional climate models will provide the essential information o e the essential information on shifting precipitation and temperature patterns, and snow, ice, formation on shifting precipitation and temperature patterns, and snow, ice, and biosphere mode odels in order to assess the changes in seasonality, amount, and incidence of extreme events in e analyzed in terms of hazards, aquatic ecosystems, hydropower, tourism, agriculture, and the h ed to the interactions between land use/land cover changes, and changing or conflicting water r will be elaborated on the basis of the model results. specific environmental conditions of mou ratures, prolonged droughts and extreme precipitation. the methodological developments gained f |
12295 | 8 | mmend future work that could aid in the development of a land use framework. such suggested fut
hesised land use typology into a single classification scheme. the resulting maps would provide s would provide an understanding of the distribution and patterns of land use at a meaningful l of a land use framework, to address the function of such a framework and the user requirements es the typology of land in terms of its development status/function/designation include: • urba land in terms of its development status/function/designation include: • urban – residential hou esignated status – aonbs/national parks/nature designations analysis will be performed. this sw for additional work that would aid the development of such a framework, including identifying |
14981 | 14 | ents, both biotic and abiotic, of river ecosystems, but less is known about the effects on the
is known about the effects on the river function, and much less if these effects are of the sam ts are of the same magnitude in fluvial ecosystems located in different climatic areas, as thos . solutions to problems affecting river ecosystems, will arrive with a better understanding on er understanding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem- anding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level proc eir structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sens ion. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sensitive to disturbances a ffecting rivers. so, it is a functional indicator of changes in ecological river status. the ai rian streams through the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in differ h the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and se of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and climatic reg emonstrate the importance of functional indicators in providing an integrated drawing of river roviding an integrated drawing of river ecosystem health |
14979 | 14 | ents, both biotic and abiotic, of river ecosystems, but less is known about the effects on the
is known about the effects on the river function, and much less if these effects are of the sam ts are of the same magnitude in fluvial ecosystems located in different climatic areas, as thos . solutions to problems affecting river ecosystems, will arrive with a better understanding on er understanding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem- anding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level proc eir structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sens ion. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sensitive to disturbances a ffecting rivers. so, it is a functional indicator of changes in ecological river status. the ai rian streams through the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in differ h the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and se of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and climatic reg emonstrate the importance of functional indicators in providing an integrated drawing of river roviding an integrated drawing of river ecosystem health. |
14980 | 14 | ents, both biotic and abiotic, of river ecosystems, but less is known about the effects on the
is known about the effects on the river function, and much less if these effects are of the sam ts are of the same magnitude in fluvial ecosystems located in different climatic areas, as thos . solutions to problems affecting river ecosystems, will arrive with a better understanding on er understanding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem- anding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level proc eir structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sens ion. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sensitive to disturbances a ffecting rivers. so, it is a functional indicator of changes in ecological river status. the ai rian streams through the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in differ h the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and se of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and climatic reg emonstrate the importance of functional indicators in providing an integrated drawing of river roviding an integrated drawing of river ecosystem health. |
14978 | 14 | ents, both biotic and abiotic, of river ecosystems, but less is known about the effects on the
is known about the effects on the river function, and much less if these effects are of the sam ts are of the same magnitude in fluvial ecosystems located in different climatic areas, as thos . solutions to problems affecting river ecosystems, will arrive with a better understanding on er understanding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem- anding on their structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level proc eir structure and function. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sens ion. leaf litter decomposition is a key ecosystem-level process and sensitive to disturbances a ffecting rivers. so, it is a functional indicator of changes in ecological river status. the ai rian streams through the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in differ h the response of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and se of an ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, in different geographic and climatic reg emonstrate the importance of functional indicators in providing an integrated drawing of river roviding an integrated drawing of river ecosystem health. |
7370 | 3 | g the emergence of a dynamic management model of genetic resources of wheat involving farm mana
ty of land agricultural landscape. this indicator will quantify the evolution of diversity and scape. this indicator will quantify the evolution of diversity and evaluate the effectiveness o |
7191 | 4 | mpas review of marine reserves governance implications of la
serves governance implications of large scale in national and international waters. we will app from bycatch that demonstrate different migration patterns. these three regions have expressed trong interest in pursuing a scientific review of the potential effects of amp. through this co |
14649 | 3 | river ecosystems are of special value to society since they s
icting and diagnosing pollutant induced stress in freshwater ecosystems, and will improve its e pollutant induced stress in freshwater ecosystems, and will improve its environmental manageme |
12252 | 7 | sustainable development is key concept that has emerged in society
ities consume and utilise materials and energy like any other production processes, but this pr ise materials and energy like any other production processes, but this production is carried ou ny other production processes, but this production is carried out in the environment itself cau t this production is carried out in the environment itself causing point source and diffuse pol to undertake this work: a comprehensive review and critique of the whole farm and targeted syst arnt from this approach will enable the development of an innovative environmental management s |
7666 | 1 | global change is expected to progressively drive crop g
|
14674 | 5 | agri-environment schemes compensate farmers for income losse
ing of their effectiveness. in a recent review, kleijn & sutherland , of demographic parameters demographic parameters bird densities, productivity, survival- and behavioural parameters habi y, survival- and behavioural parameters habitat selection, diet- of great bustards, with comple irds. the series of data on demography, distribution and behaviour we have collected during our |
12153 | 1 | t communities. variation in the spatial distribution of sheep relative to seasons can also be g
|
12646 | 1 | to review and assess the level of compliance, and hence th
|
15465 | 6 | e canary islands. the implementation of stable isotopes will open the possibility of raising th
this methodology requires the parallel development of information that will allow us a correct ic thooth collections, would enable the evaluation of ontogenic shifs in diet and feeding habit of ontogenic shifs in diet and feeding habitat but also the detection of long-term changes in hange or intend to use these species as indicators of changes occurring in the marine environme tors of changes occurring in the marine environment. |
7667 | 5 | d in the impacts of human activities on function of the ecosystems, and more recently on a very
of human activities on function of the ecosystems, and more recently on a very particular urba ore recently on a very particular urban ecosystems. the assesment of ecosystem services of the ular urban ecosystems. the assesment of ecosystem services of the urban biodiversity its a comp ntary step for the comprehention of the ecosystem function and the impact of urbanization, spec |
13778 | 17 | that are necessary for quantifying the carbon flux through this part of the pelagic community
n flux through this part of the pelagic community are lacking. the aim is to study energetics o h special attention to assimilation and production. by applying laboratory determined carbon bu tion. by applying laboratory determined carbon budgets and vital rates to data on abundance, si rbon budgets and vital rates to data on abundance, size and growth in the field, to the project al rates to data on abundance, size and growth in the field, to the project will evaluate both e project will evaluate both direct and indirect effects of predation by gelatinous species in ate both direct and indirect effects of predation by gelatinous species in coastal waters. the other trophic levels including vertical distribution during blooms. in the laboratory we will c es. in controlled experiments, feeding, growth, doc release, assimilation and respiration of th , growth, doc release, assimilation and respiration of the dominant gelatinous predators will b respiration of the dominant gelatinous predators will be measured in relation to prey abundanc rs will be measured in relation to prey abundance and prey species. the project will contribute te considerable to our understanding of predation and cascading effects of gelatinous predators ion and cascading effects of gelatinous predators in general. most likely it will change our cu urrent view of the effect of gelatinous predators since their role in the ecosystem has been se inous predators since their role in the ecosystem has been severely underestimated until now. |
7426 | 1 | by rain and level of culture components resistance
|
13941 | 2 | biosynthetic pathways leading to their production and dissect the genetics of pheromone differ
unt for differences in female pheromone production between the e and z pheromone strains. |
14699 | 7 | e to host plants make them an excellent indicators for environmental changes, both those relate
onmental changes, both those related to environment destruction and to higher relevance alterat er relevance alterations such as global warming. nevertheless, no systematic compilation of bur stematic compilation of burnets species distribution has been made within the spanish territory gical collections references of burnets distribution in the iberian peninsula and balearic isla ent morphometry studies. - to conform a distribution atlas of all burnets species. - according ic models of this insect group and also phenology, ecology and establish the basics for their p |
6757 | 3 | ression of several bacterial phenotypic traits including virulence factors. investigations on t
investigations on the global regulatory function of leux, rfah, reca and rpos loci of extra int pable to evoke protective immunity. the behavior of wild type strains, their mutants and transc |
10191 | 3 | they respond antagonistically with the production of extracellular enzymes, and volatile and d
ll also aid the understanding of fungal community development and soil invertebrate population d the understanding of fungal community development and soil invertebrate population biology. s |
11040 | 1 | urements that tell us about the rate of climate change and its effects. our work will increase
|
10002 | 22 | determining the distribution and abundance of life is challenging, espe
determining the distribution and abundance of life is challenging, especially in the dee gions directly influences the burial of carbon and nutrient cycling. long-term research has now ger animals in the deep sea can vary in density by orders of magnitude, with concurrent changes ude, with concurrent changes in average body size, over periods as short as months. these varia ons are widely believed to be linked to climate-driven variation in the food supply to the deep stances approaching 100 km or more, the abundance of deep-sea life is related to surface produc of deep-sea life is related to surface productivity in the waters above. thus the deep sea cou hat alter surface ocean conditions like climate change, fishery activity, or ocean iron fertili an increase in the understanding of how climate and surface processes affect deep-sea communiti mited by sampling error from undetected habitat heterogeneity and sediment mixing indicators me om undetected habitat heterogeneity and sediment mixing indicators measured in oceans2025 and o bitat heterogeneity and sediment mixing indicators measured in oceans2025 and other nocs projec ns2025 and other nocs projects, and the abundance and size measures collected here to create ma asures collected here to create maps of ecological function. this will show how factors such as factors such as hills, food supply, or community composition relate spatially to respiration a mmunity composition relate spatially to respiration and sediment mixing. that knowledge will pr ion relate spatially to respiration and sediment mixing. that knowledge will provide important t into how spatially pervasive temporal climate change impacts might be, a significant input fo pacts might be, a significant input for ecosystem and carbon budget modelling. our effort will , a significant input for ecosystem and carbon budget modelling. our effort will also have impa t input for ecosystem and carbon budget modelling. our effort will also have impacts on future |
13501 | 16 | processes like grazing and productivity influence autotroph species richness. graz
roductivity influence autotroph species richness. grazing may reduce plant species richness thr hness. grazing may reduce plant species richness through the loss of rare species, but increase the loss of rare species, but increases richness if preferred food plants are competitively dom sal of grazing effects on plant species richness between nutrient-poor and nutrient-rich ecosys between nutrient-poor and nutrient-rich ecosystems, since nutrients increase the ability of pla oor and nutrient-rich ecosystems, since nutrients increase the ability of plants to compensate ing pressure leads to increased species richness in nutrient-rich ecosystems, but to decreased eased species richness in nutrient-rich ecosystems, but to decreased species richness in nutrie ch ecosystems, but to decreased species richness in nutrient poor ecosystems. peak richness is eased species richness in nutrient poor ecosystems. peak richness is thus expected to shift fro hness in nutrient poor ecosystems. peak richness is thus expected to shift from low to high nut he interacting effects of consumers and nutrients on species richness might be stronger at high s of consumers and nutrients on species richness might be stronger at high light intensities. i azing in determining periphyton species richness. this proposal unites the determination of bio iversity, the role of nutrient state in ecosystems, and the relative importance of bottom-up an |
15370 | 7 | the evolution of avian cavity nesting has been presumably f
conditions in order to optimize embryo development and nestling growth during nesting as well ptimize embryo development and nestling growth during nesting as well as through the reduction ing as well as through the reduction of predation risk of nest contents. however, avian nests i te also an ideal microecosystem for the development of a diverse community of potentially patho system for the development of a diverse community of potentially pathogenic organisms . we expe to obtain a better understanding of the evolution and ecology of avian cavity nesting and of ho |
2121 | 5 | global change is expected to result in changes in the m
ental changes, and in which demographic traits those responses will be observed. these hypothes d from long-term studies of demographic traits and population sizes of seabirds, which are comp h will enable us to separate effects of climate, geography, taxonomy and life history. cts of climate, geography, taxonomy and life history. |
10285 | 4 | one of the most important issues in climate policy over the next few years will be the choi
sion reductions to play a major role in climate mitigation policy. the research will contribute uctions to play a major role in climate mitigation policy. the research will contribute useful rize winning intergovernmental panel on climate change. it will be accompanied by a 2-way inter |
14784 | 4 | the high rate of mineralization of the soil organic matter, with the consequent decrease of th
of the quantity and the quality of the soil organic matter, as well as of the soil biochemical d the relation with short and long-term productivity functions in the agroecosystem 4. construc ultural managements, able to be used as indicator of agricultural sustainability in soils in ol |
11743 | 2 | of bacteria in natural populations of a community of aphids is an important factor shaping the
ant factor shaping the structure of the microbial community in aphids, then the microbiota in d |
12463 | 5 | of species and size composition 2. the development of indicators of discard issues 3. an analy
size composition 2. the development of indicators of discard issues 3. an analysis of the fact ous steps, the elaboration of potential mitigation measures. key customer purpose: in the eu th is key if we are to develop operational indicators and propose mitigation tools for fisheries m elop operational indicators and propose mitigation tools for fisheries management. |
15153 | 9 | incorporated to the mainstream of plant community ecology in the last decades, and since then t
the most thoughtful lines of inquire on facilitation is the investigation of its ecological and its ecological and evolutionary role in community assembly in arid and semi-arid climates. cons regional species pool. in this context, facilitation, which ameliorates the abiotic conditions proposed as a fundamental mechanism of community assembly and biodiversity conservation. in co plant lianaeges, adapted to more mesic climate in the past, would be preserved through facilit in the past, would be preserved through facilitation, a process giving rise to facilitation net facilitation, a process giving rise to facilitation networks highly resistant to species extin biodiversity of the region and, second, facilitation seems to operate as fundamental mechanism |
400 | 9 | biodiversity is indispensable to ecosystem production of goods and services and provides
diversity is indispensable to ecosystem production of goods and services and provides the basis baltic sea in which populations of key ecosystem species are known to be genetically unique in e functioning and the resilience of the ecosystem. baltgene will also assess the potential thre to the unique diversity from fisheries, climate changes, aquaculture activities and habitat los ate changes, aquaculture activities and habitat loss. fisheriesinduced selection is a serious t us threat that might lead to lower fish production if management does not take the demographic will respond to scenarios of decreased salinity and changed oceanic currents. baltgene will al enetic biodiversity information into an ecosystem-based management of the baltic sea. |
14113 | 1 | ing and discussion about the baltic sea environment. the project aims to raise environmental aw
|
7572 | 2 | majus snapdragon, a species widely used model in horticulture. in the pyrenees, has. majus is r
rtunity to build on the gains made on a model species for understanding evolutionary processes |
12595 | 6 | have potential benefits for a range of ecosystem services such as carbon capture and other gov
r a range of ecosystem services such as carbon capture and other government requirements such a out peat changes the bog structure and hydrology and kills off the existing plants and animals fects of these activities on future bog hydrology. the scope for amelioration of the potential around the country adopting a landscape-scale approach to wetland conservation such as the manc employment can be mitigated through the development of peat alternatives. |
10281 | 2 | astal zone are increasing due to global warming, with sea-level expected to rise by 0.5 m over
a natural buffer against incoming wave energy, hence the popularity of beach nourishment . our |
6753 | 4 | beef production mostly for export purposes was very importan
. hungary is going to join the european community. when eu member is beef cattle breeding will ferent branches of agriculture. for the development of beef cattle breeding methods research ha of the project is to contribute to the development by his new results. |
15563 | 3 | , wp3 is going to initiate an iterative evaluation process with participation of political and
te an iterative evaluation process with participation of political and scientific stakeholders, ope, and valuation and marketing of the environmental services beech forests can provide. the r |
13482 | 16 | eractions zooplankton contribute to the energy flow in pelagic food webs and to the downward fl
ontribute to the energy flow in pelagic food webs and to the downward flux of organic matter. b c food webs and to the downward flux of organic matter. behavior and sensory functions of zoopl to the downward flux of organic matter. behavior and sensory functions of zooplankton thus play uring and functioning of marine pelagic ecosystems. despite that motility has large consequence hat motility has large consequences for growth and predation risk and that it can be altered in y has large consequences for growth and predation risk and that it can be altered instantaneous ptimality and adaptive value of plastic behavior is rarely considered in model studies. here we lastic behavior is rarely considered in model studies. here we aim at quantifying the degree of odels and experiments. we will quantify behavior and behavioral plasticity in response to cues asticity in response to cues related to predators, prey and the environment considering both ch cues related to predators, prey and the environment considering both chemical and hydrodynamic ydrodynamic signals. by combining small-scale process-models and dynamic programming we will ex ased understanding of zooplankton small scale behavioral processes is needed for a comprehensiv comprehensive understanding of pelagic ecosystems and their biodiversity, and necessary if we resources wisely while confronted with climate change and increased maritime activities. |
15487 | 5 | nest predation and inter-specific brood parasitism are mayor
led breeding behaviour and life-history traits in birds. recently, it has been suggested that, sted that, apart from lethal effects of predation, the modification of behaviour to reduce pred the modification of behaviour to reduce predation risk to quantify the effects of predation and edation risk to quantify the effects of predation and brood parasitism risk on reproductive suc |
14152 | 17 | production of stress hormones in response to variety of
production of stress hormones in response to variety of stressors may r, relatively little is known about the development of physiological and behavioural stress res opment of physiological and behavioural stress responses in developing young of wild birds. thu thus to understand the adaptiveness of stress responses and their effects on offspring quality his project, we plan to investigate the development of behavioural and adrenocortical stress re pment of behavioural and adrenocortical stress responses, its environment-dependent variability nd adrenocortical stress responses, its environment-dependent variability and extended effects and extended effects on physiology and growth of the young in altricial birds. using experimen test the following hypotheses: repeated stress influences nestlings’ immune function, growth an ted stress influences nestlings’ immune function, growth and post-fledging mortality. the resul influences nestlings’ immune function, growth and post-fledging mortality. the results of the mune function, growth and post-fledging mortality. the results of the project can be of general chanisms of developmental plasticity of stress responses and helping us to understand the role g us to understand the role of repeated stress on different aspects of offspring development an tress on different aspects of offspring development and subsequent fitness. this project can al s regarding a link between the maternal stress and offspring subsequent quality. |
13503 | 12 | onnections between these behaviours and growth rates in a common environment, and physiological
behaviours and growth rates in a common environment, and physiological stress response, will be a common environment, and physiological stress response, will be studied. the perch has lately is assumed to be connected with innate traits in individual fish, which has been found in salm almonid fishes. the knowledge about the development of individual traits and differences betwee dge about the development of individual traits and differences between populations in growth pe and differences between populations in growth performance and stress levels is important for t n populations in growth performance and stress levels is important for the selection of perch s for farming, both regarding welfare and production issues. whether differences in behaviour and s. whether differences in behaviour and growth, already found between individual perch, are inh m experiments by comparing boldness and growth in fish from different populations raised in the ifferent populations raised in the same environment, and by investigating the consistency of be |
11602 | 4 | boratory, to investigate the year round energy expenditure of a top predator of the southern oc
year round energy expenditure of a top predator of the southern ocean, the king penguin. the s otential usefulness of king penguins as indicators of fluctuations in biological resources and luctuations in biological resources and climate, thus providing important information for the m |
14717 | 5 | ontroversial. understanding the role of behavior on diversification processes requires the inte
erstand how animals interact with their environment and then test how behavioral shifts affects ive approach to investigate the role of behavior on processes of adaptive diversification in bi nts there is selection on morphological traits. the integration of these three levels of study tested hypothesis that behaviour drives evolution. |
14974 | 10 | confronted with alterations in their environment, animals can avoid extinction through the d
nimals can avoid extinction through the development of behavioural adjustments. a growing body ources or to develop responses to novel predators. despite the progress, there are two major qu insufficiently understood: what is the function of learning in the relationship of animals wit the relationship of animals with their environment and as species model to test experimentally s with their environment and as species model to test experimentally whether learning helps ind to survive under conditions of foraging stress. second, we will use a comparative approach to e s respond environmental threats such as habitat destruction or climate change. using this two-l threats such as habitat destruction or climate change. using this two-level approach, we hope which animals respond to changes in the environment, which hopefully will increase our power to |
14338 | 1 | to integrate findings on microbial taxa distribution with results from ambio. 7. to obtain a fi
|
14329 | 2 | workshops covering different aspects of ecosystems services research. the workshops are in engl
the gaps between es-research and policy development. what research is needed and for what polic |
14304 | 1 | ientific support plan for a sustainable development policy ' spsd ii ' part 3: supporti
|
2212 | 2 | the social, or economic, and ecological environment. our main objectives are to: • increase the
timal and or cost efficient regulations/incentives schemes may be designed. |
12718 | 1 | tion that sssis make to the delivery of ecosystem goods and services both on the site and withi
|
11319 | 1 | nformation against which the process of recovery following cessation of fisheries can be assess
|
11320 | 1 | nformation against which the process of recovery following cessation of fisheries can be assess
|
11585 | 1 | nformation against which the process of recovery following cessation of fisheries can be assess
|
10200 | 2 | biostratigraphic and palaeoceanographic indicators, and test the idea of using morphogroups to
morphogroups to provide a proxy for the oxygen content of deep water. this study will serve as |
2476 | 12 | s a basis for the selection and further development of benthic indicator organisms for the moni
tion and further development of benthic indicator organisms for the monitoring of contaminants endpoints and contaminants in selected indicator organisms. a secondary objective will be to e posure and effects for pahs in selected indicators. biodiversity indicators will be developed b hs in selected indicators. biodiversity indicators will be developed by applying a number of cl entific basis for proposing appropriate indicators and to establish a baseline that is unrelate xt of a changing barents sea, examining climate-related ecosystem changes and petroleum industr barents sea, examining climate-related ecosystem changes and petroleum industry activities in ture changes may affect the validity of indicators developed for the present day barents sea. i y, ecobar will achieve a set of benthic indicators with maximum flexibility and validity for as ed research projects on the barents sea ecosystem which are led by or have significant particip em which are led by or have significant participation by scientists from ecobar. |
10744 | 6 | osed for surficial sediments across the oxygen minimum zone on the pakistan margin. a quantitat
l processes. objectives are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, b redox status and fluxe reon, b redox status and fluxes of doc, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om c, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om burial efficiencies. the results will the role of the benthos as a control on sediment biogeochemistry and om distributions, and will |
11255 | 6 | osed for surficial sediments across the oxygen minimum zone on the pakistan margin. a quantitat
l processes. objectives are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, b redox status and fluxe reon, b redox status and fluxes of doc, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om c, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om burial efficiencies. the results will the role of the benthos as a control on sediment biogeochemistry and om distributions, and will |
11259 | 6 | osed for surficial sediments across the oxygen minimum zone on the pakistan margin. a quantitat
l processes. objectives are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, b redox status and fluxe reon, b redox status and fluxes of doc, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om c, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om burial efficiencies. the results will the role of the benthos as a control on sediment biogeochemistry and om distributions, and will |
11356 | 6 | osed for surficial sediments across the oxygen minimum zone on the pakistan margin. a quantitat
l processes. objectives are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, are to assess a community structure and function and controls thereon, c redox status and fluxe reon, c redox status and fluxes of doc, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om c, nutrients and trace metals, c faunal organic matter om burial efficiencies. the results will the role of the benthos as a control on sediment biogeochemistry and om distributions, and will |
10450 | 1 | iron is essential to the growth of marine micro-organisms, and when concentratio
|
12606 | 3 | the overall aim of this project is to review recent research on practices for managing soil o
cent research on practices for managing soil organic matter and lowland' agriculture in england ighlighted. additionally, the potential carbon storage achievable with each management option w |
10988 | 1 | a, stakeholders and the nerc scientific community.
|
11595 | 12 | evolution is change over time. most people know of evol
s change over time. most people know of evolution in terms of responses to man-made influences o man-made influences - bacteria evolve resistance to antibiotics; industrial pollution led to iotics; industrial pollution led to the evolution of dark forms of the peppered moth. however, ered moth. however, in natural systems, evolution is most rapid in genes that contribute to par volved in parasite infectivity and host resistance should evolve more quickly than others. this y than others. this theory noticed that evolution would be rapid where there was mutual antagon parasites must adapt to circumvent this resistance runs rapidly with the evil red queen, yet ge est an alternative explanation for fast evolution of parasite genes rarely examined to date: pa ce. following a host switch, the entire environment of the parasite is different, and a parasit ry that host shifts drive fast parasite evolution. in the laboratory, we will produce host shif has colonised through host switching in nature. by comparing the differences seen between bacte |
14285 | 1 | cture and dynamics of coastal and shelf ecosystems in the perspective of global changes
|
7260 | 3 | e effects of the exploitation of marine ecosystem goods and services that biodiversity provides
l number of acceptable operators by the ecosystem in a dual economic and ecological approach. h oach. he develops a dynamic multi-agent model using game theory and viable control theory. it o |
14997 | 3 | o observe the influence of altitude and temperature on abundance and density of phlebotomine. a
nfluence of altitude and temperature on abundance and density of phlebotomine. also we catch sa titude and temperature on abundance and density of phlebotomine. also we catch sandflies in the |
14996 | 9 | s. few data are available concernig the distribution and bio-ecology of sand flies in the balea
man leishmaniosis indicate an irregular distribution of these protozoosis between the different delimitant factor of this heterogenous distribution is the sand fly fauna. the probability of een the possible vectors depends on the abundance of the vector, its survival, the bite ratio, rs depends on the climatic factors. the temperature and the relative humidity are the climatic the possibility exists that extends the distribution area of the vectors, as much in latitude a reason, is also tried the study of the distribution and biology of the leishmaniosois vectors ntioned areas. the data obtained on the distribution, density, activity period, survival, paras the data obtained on the distribution, density, activity period, survival, parasitism by leish |
2472 | 6 | rstanding how to bio-engineer livestock production landscapes in nicaragua, i. e. how to exploi
l system that maximizes provisioning of ecosystem services and economically efficient food prod ervices and economically efficient food production at the farm and landscape level. we will ass ovide in two study areas with different climate, which of these functions and services are farm ecies combinations can best serve multi-function sps at the farm and landscape scale, analyzing -function sps at the farm and landscape scale, analyzing trade-offs and synergies between funct |
7249 | 4 | al contamination and its impacts on the ecosystem. the biological indices currently used to def
politan territory: reflections of urban development in ile de france network of r2ds. sisteo th oject aims to analyze the impact of the development of metropolitan paris in the suburban terri mination and biological response of the ecosystem adapted to high anthropogenic hydrological sy |
14200 | 3 | the pollution of freshwater ecosystems by potentially hazardous chemicals is very a
sed to evaluate the effect of dissolved organic matter on toxicity of contaminants. this invest ent of hazards of chemicals for aquatic ecosystems. the obtained results will provide the data |
15347 | 2 | gh humidity along the year, an abundant colonization and development of phototrophic biofilms c
the year, an abundant colonization and development of phototrophic biofilms can be observed wh |
12044 | 5 | es that different scenarii of landscape evolution would have on the dynamics and persistence of
whose objectives are to a determine the traits of landscapes favourable to biodiversity at the able to biodiversity at the species and community levels; the processes that underlie these lan processes that underlie these landscape traits not only at small temporal and spatial scale . e traits not only at small temporal and spatial scale . |
12015 | 12 | the protection of nature imposes the twin requirements of conserving biod
biodiversity and fostering sustainable development. to achieve these ends instruments must be ween local communities and the specific environment that surrounds them. the growing predilecti ocalised products and the new status of nature as patrimony have been widely studied in recent outh, studies of prominent products and production chains, from bourbon vanilla to millet beers jor emerging trends: promotion of local production and specialities to spur local economic deve and specialities to spur local economic development; taking local production and specialities i ocal economic development; taking local production and specialities into account under policies ultural diversity; utilisation of local production and specialities as instruments in wider pro gmentation; recognition of the value of ecological services; creation of original local arrange l peoples patrimony and heritage. rural development and conservation of biological and cultural structures explicitly link sustainable production modes, the intrinsic and extrinsic quality o |
13335 | 1 | of biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystems are major scientific and societal challenges
|
13312 | 1 | ven stages: -inventory, description and classification of biodiversity research programmes and
|
2492 | 10 | mammal species in europe, with current model-based forecasts predicting high rates of extincti
es in how species respond to changes in habitat availability. central to this problem is the ha ability. central to this problem is the habitat tracking hypothesis, which states that populati populations will respond to changes in habitat availability by altering their distributions ac determine the probability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. w obability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. we will combine r ped ancient dna approaches with species distribution models to construct a detailed investigati o construct a detailed investigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time thr vestigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time through the last 40,000 year empo and mode of population response to climate change, as well as to evaluate, adjust and impr |
2493 | 12 | uch as voles and lemmings with cyclical population dynamics has taken place nearly simultaneous
o originate from change in land use and climate, have the potential to lead to ecosystem re-org climate, have the potential to lead to ecosystem re-organisation and therefore represent a cha ersity. in particular, several european predator species of high conservation concern are intim transmitted to other components of the food web owing to cascading indirect effects. along wit ents of the food web owing to cascading indirect effects. along with outstanding issues of theo theoretical interest in population and food web ecology, a main objective of this project is t te impacts on demographic parameters of predators that exploit cyclically fluctuating herbivore act directly on population viability of predators; 4. and indirectly influence other species in directly influence other species in the food web through cascading effects. within the last wor s tested that pertain to the impacts of climate and land-use changes on biodiversity and to the on management of exploited and pristine ecosystems in four european countries. |
12676 | 3 | overseas territories and international development. the mechanism for such a common call has s
consequences of biodiversity changes on ecosystem functioning and services; 2. step up assessme biodiversity at population, species and community level in europe and provide wide access to th |
7104 | 6 | the space by intensifying agricultural production on part of the territory so as to release th
s and reserves associated with the full development of agriculture and tourism that was the rul alance of pnr and have often taken as a model. it seems to us important to note is that the zon effects of human impact on the natural environment versus environmental protection hampers eco protection hampers economic and social development. attempt to methodically examine different t situations anthropization. methods of recovery, in addition to seminars and publications stan |
516 | 15 | onsists in dividing the area through an intensification of the agricultural production on a par
an intensification of the agricultural production on a part of the territory so as to liberate nd reservoirs totally associated to the development of agriculture and tourism. this was the ru he pnr report and have often used is as model. what we find important to highlight is that the mental protection strategies enter into competition with other socially important uses of the t ural areas versus the protection of the environment, which compromise the economic and social d hich compromise the economic and social development. trying to methodically examine different s opization within a context of worldwide competition, the evolutions of the cost of energy or th petition, the evolutions of the cost of energy or the acknowledgement of the greenhouse effect. anean agriculture, the pre-urbanization development plays an important role in reducing progres ble for agriculture, in multiplying the competition for access to land resource and in favourin has a vague sense and may refer to: the functional diversity evaluated either by the number of esent in one area, or by the presence / abundance of some species / groups of species having a ly important role in the functioning of ecosystems or agrosystems the patrimonial biodiversity hich society is giving great importance indicators linked to these diversities such as the dive |
11505 | 7 | agriculture, ecosystems, and humans have co-evolved over millennia i
nge of domesticated crops and landraces ecosystem management options in centers of crop origin mes 1. increased benefits obtained from ecosystem services by local low-income populations thro and empowerment * regulating--of yield stability and resilience 2. results of trade-off modeli and resilience 2. results of trade-off modeling and biosocial assessment of conservation strat ersity whilst mitigating the effects of environmental change 3. economic and social exchanges o ted by value-chain actors 4. macrolevel ecosystem management strategies adopted, involving inte |
11619 | 2 | in all environments carbon and nutrients are recycled by organisms that dec
in all environments carbon and nutrients are recycled by organisms that decompose dead |
11234 | 5 | grazer mobility, and attendant loss of ecosystem services and of poor people s livelihoods. th
d materials use conceptually innovative modelling, alongside major extant datasets, and a cross l and socioecological dimensions of the ecosystems studied, advanced modelling capabilities, an ons of the ecosystems studied, advanced modelling capabilities, and outstanding experience in c credible and relevant insight into the ecosystem services and poverty implications of differen |
10724 | 1 | ental agencies to assess the health and carbon budgets of soil and freshwater environments.
|
451 | 4 | s entirely on the coralline and oceanic ecosystem. the atolls, dispersed along a long latitudin
ne areas - in what way can the specific richness of these areas be compared to that observed in ns may one draw on the endemism and the evolution of marine species in the maldives - with the t is the status of the resource and its habitat are the essential habitats used throughout the |
14677 | 5 | project is to determine the diversity, distribution and space-time structure as well as the fu
ime structure as well as the functional stability of the microbial mats of the ebro delta . thu bial mats are the paradigm of a minimal ecosystem. the definition of the requirements for the s d persistence of organisms in a minimal ecosystem is presently essential to search for extrater life and to essay the establishment of ecosystems out of the earth. |
11774 | 4 | ecosystem processes and community structure are inextri
ecosystem processes and community structure are inextricably linked, as reveale pecifically on the potential impacts of climate change, which has been identified as a major st f surveys, experiments and mathematical modelling. |
10746 | 13 | the impact of biodiversity on ecosystem function has been a focus of recent research.
on has been a focus of recent research. spatial heterogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosy terogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosyst many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship have not b . this project will examine the role of heterogeneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem geneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and ex ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and experimental approach in an estuarine sys mental approach in an estuarine system. mesocosm experiments will be used to determine: the rel ionship between biomass composition and ecosystem function level within a patch. the experiment d to parameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocos rameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocosm exper odel predictions will be tested against mesocosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat pat cosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat patches. |
11442 | 13 | the impact of biodiversity on ecosystem function has been a focus of recent research.
on has been a focus of recent research. spatial heterogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosy terogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosyst many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship have not b . this project will examine the role of heterogeneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem geneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and ex ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and experimental approach in an estuarine sys mental approach in an estuarine system. mesocosm experiments will be used to determine: the rel ionship between biomass composition and ecosystem function level within a patch. the experiment d to parameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocos rameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocosm exper odel predictions will be tested against mesocosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat pat cosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat patches. |
11508 | 13 | the impact of biodiversity on ecosystem function has been a focus of recent research.
on has been a focus of recent research. spatial heterogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosy terogeneity is a characteristic of many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosyst many ecosystems, but its effects on the biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship have not b . this project will examine the role of heterogeneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem geneity and biodiversity in determining ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and ex ecosystem function using an integrated modelling and experimental approach in an estuarine sys mental approach in an estuarine system. mesocosm experiments will be used to determine: the rel ionship between biomass composition and ecosystem function level within a patch. the experiment d to parameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocos rameterise a spatial patch-based model. model predictions will be tested against mesocosm exper odel predictions will be tested against mesocosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat pat cosm experiments incorporating multiple habitat patches. |
532 | 1 | ementary sub-objectives : 1- at a local scale and different social justifications of biodiversi
|
7216 | 4 | tory missions, monitor the post- larval recruitment estuary in the three types of systems will
combination of field data, analyzes of population dynamics and large-scale remote sensing will alyzes of population dynamics and large-scale remote sensing will help to clarify the operation of population dynamics and large-scale remote sensing will help to clarify the operation of re |
531 | 1 | the integration of biodiversity in the evolution of agriculture, through the evolutions proble
|
7118 | 1 | he incorporation of biodiversity in the evolution of agriculture through the issue of changes i
|
14418 | 2 | the biological protection of our forest ecosystems. the main goals of the proposed project are:
• to establish the species composition, distribution and prevalence of entomopathogens will be |
14846 | 8 | been established that the biodiversity abundance, and metabolic capabilities of the kingdom cr
le in biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems that may act as chemoautotrophs, oxidizing a s chemoautotrophs, oxidizing ammonia to nitrate and fixing inorganic carbon in the dark. in add ammonia to nitrate and fixing inorganic carbon in the dark. in addition, they also seem to be a em to be an important source of organic carbon in the sediments of aquatic systems. the project ic origin to its present day world-wide distribution. it is foreseen that crenyc will result in tanding of the biodiversity and role in nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical cycling of this enig e biodiversity and role in nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical cycling of this enigmatic group o |
14845 | 8 | been established that the biodiversity, abundance and metabolic capabilities of the kingdom cre
le in biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems that may act as chemoautotrophs, oxidizing a s chemoautotrophs, oxidizing ammonia to nitrate and fixing inorganic carbon in the dark. in add ammonia to nitrate and fixing inorganic carbon in the dark. in addition, they also seem to be a em to be an important source of organic carbon in the sediments of aquatic systems. the project ic origin to its present day world-wide distribution. it is foreseen that crenyc will result in tanding of the biodiversity and role in nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical cycling of this enig e biodiversity and role in nitrogen and carbon biogeochemical cycling of this enigmatic group o |
14804 | 7 | d artificial subterranean cavities with ecosystems worth of study because they contain an inter
isms and animals whose interactions and function in the ecosystem is unknown. complex bacterial whose interactions and function in the ecosystem is unknown. complex bacterial communities are . caves constitute a largely unexplored habitat and it is needed a clearer understanding of the ing of the microbial diversity of these ecosystems. the aim is not only to know the biodiversit so to know more about its structure and function. for this purpose, a must is to develop and te he metabolically active fraction of the community. fluorescently-labeled probes and in situ hyb |
409 | 2 | scales, from single trees to very large nature reserves. the goal of the project is to identify
of biodiversity are considered through modelling approaches. |
11514 | 11 | f such loss on the functioning of whole ecosystems is high. the proposed research will examine
ects of biodiversity loss in the marine environment by using a tractable model system-tide pool marine environment by using a tractable model system-tide pools on rocky shores. these pools ac the tide out period allowing a range of ecosystem processes including community respiration, pr range of ecosystem processes including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling a ecosystem processes including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling and accumul cesses including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling and accumulation of biom between algal and faunal diversity and ecosystem processes in a range of contrasting environme luscs. the consequences of such loss to ecosystem function will be measured over a 2 year perio measured over a 2 year period. finally modelling will integrate the correlative and manipulati ding of biodiversity loss in the marine environment. |
9925 | 11 | f such loss on the functioning of whole ecosystems is high. the proposed research will examine
ects of biodiversity loss in the marine environment by using a tractable model system-tide pool marine environment by using a tractable model system-tide pools on rocky shores. these pools ac the tide out period allowing a range of ecosystem processes including community respiration, pr range of ecosystem processes including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling a ecosystem processes including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling and accumul cesses including community respiration, productivity, nutrient cycling and accumulation of biom between algal and faunal diversity and ecosystem processes in a range of contrasting environme luscs. the consequences of such loss to ecosystem function will be measured over a 2 year perio measured over a 2 year period. finally modelling will integrate the correlative and manipulati ding of biodiversity loss in the marine environment. |
1977 | 10 | mparative study on the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of lophelia pertusa and madrepora
chemoautotrophic prokaryotes obtaining energy and carbon from cold seeps e.g. via methane. ben rophic prokaryotes obtaining energy and carbon from cold seeps e.g. via methane. benthic lander rgy and carbon from cold seeps e.g. via methane. benthic landers will be put in for in situ stu be put in for in situ studies of coral growth and calcification and for assessing ecosystem fu wth and calcification and for assessing ecosystem functions such as providing structural framew uch as providing structural frameworks, community respiration and organic matter remineralizati viding structural frameworks, community respiration and organic matter remineralization. the po l frameworks, community respiration and organic matter remineralization. the potential link bet potential link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning will be investigated for dwcrs an |
6891 | 6 | and-use changes may considerably affect ecological integrity, thus a further decline in biodive
in biodiversity can only be avoided if nature conservation and socio-economic priorities are c hips between land-use, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. in a collaboration between leadi at hungarian plain based on data from a habitat mapping to be finished in 2005. the major outco rian plain based on data from a habitat mapping to be finished in 2005. the major outcome of th which provides recommendations on rural development and sustainable land-use. the expert sytems |
396 | 6 | es. it is likely that, depending on the traits and dispersal ability of different organisms and
ike organic farming on biodiversity and ecosystem services thus requires knowledge of both the problem based on recent developments in metacommunity and landscape ecology. we will examine pl predatory insects, pollinators and two ecosystem services along a time-since-transition gradie nsition gradient crossed with the large-scale gradient in landscapes established in our previou ong-term effects of organic farming and landscape change on biodiversity. |
11310 | 1 | ivotal importance for understanding the evolution of eukaryotes as a whole. ribosomal rna compa
|
15337 | 7 | lignisation processes, no comprehensive model bringing together the evolution, basic and infect
mprehensive model bringing together the evolution, basic and infection biology and epidemiology provided thus far. our knowledge on pv evolution is rather scarce and still based on assumptio low mutation rate. our previous results stress the concept that different viruses are different sures that have driven the differential evolution of the pvs, their differential interaction wi will generate global hypotheses on the distribution and evolution of these viruses, related to obal hypotheses on the distribution and evolution of these viruses, related to their hosts. the |
7021 | 9 | rooding patterns and larval biology and evaluation of possibilities of migration for different
logy and evaluation of possibilities of migration for different taxa of cheilostomate bryozoa. sult in a detailed understanding of the distribution of bryozoa in space and time aiming to inv me aiming to investigate the origin and evolution of faunas in the paratethys. rich collections gle faunal elements: a documentation of distribution patterns will be used to test the hypothes in general and to basic aspects of the development of bryozoan faunas, existing under pressure faunas, existing under pressure of the global change. realizing the great importance of this g ntribute to a detailed knowledge of the development of ecosystems in the paratethys. etailed knowledge of the development of ecosystems in the paratethys. |
14795 | 3 | s by which bacteria sequentially reduce nitrate will be used to analyse the proportion of the n
e used to analyse the proportion of the nitrogen oxides gases, including n2, being released int ucture and dinamics of the denitrifying community and to study its contribution to greenhose ga |
11750 | 1 | sequencing. to make higher level amoeba classification evolutionarily sounder we shall also seq
|
12518 | 2 | c farming practices on biodiversity and environment recommendation that research be conducted i
f duration under organic management and scale effects, to identify features of organic systems |
13729 | 6 | nary project aimed at understanding how ecosystem resilience in managed landscapes is linked to
a key natural resource for maintaining ecosystem functioning and thereby ecological resilience ms that contribute to the resilience of ecosystems. the specific goals are: * to examine how bi examine how biodiversity contributes to ecosystem services like pollination and resilience in s tion and resilience in selected managed ecosystems. * to identify institutional mechanisms for echanisms for sustaining resilience and functional diversity. * to examine how the spatial and |
13947 | 5 | esent project is to investigate how the trophic structure of local communities, spatial structu
species affects the response of a meta-community to local and global losses of species. to acc s. to accomplish this we develop a meta-community viability analysis that generates risk assess y that the number of species in an meta-community falls below some given level following the lo reat promise for identifying vulnerable ecosystems and keystone species. |
14186 | 3 | ess the establishment, biodiversity and stability of lactic acid bacteria and yeast population
the properties obtained the predictive modeling on stability of theses strains in sourdough sy ies obtained the predictive modeling on stability of theses strains in sourdough system will be |
12650 | 2 | provide an evidence base to support the development of policies to improve the conservation of
ability of the marine system to deliver ecosystem goods and services. |
520 | 2 | area. it also has for goal to analyze a development project in favour of biodiversity on an aoc
le the follow-up of the project and the evaluation of the implemented actions. |
7108 | 3 | ne territory. it also aims to analyze a development project in favor of biodiversity at the sca
project in favor of biodiversity at the scale of an aoc as a result of a local initiative. the atory that will monitor the project and evaluation of actions implemented |
521 | 2 | tion of origin in positioning them on a scale containing five levels of diversity. this tool wi
, produced, used within which aoc dairy production farms, and using what practices which are th |
7674 | 6 | veness of the management over long time scale . in this project we will simulate elephant abund
this project we will simulate elephant abundance scenarios and their effects on tree diversity comes under various downscaled regional climate projections and current management practices wi who will then be engaged in a companion modelling exercise to model the ecologically-based deci ed in a companion modelling exercise to model the ecologically-based decision rules governing w the ecological and human dimensions of ecosystem functioning, facilitates their incorporation |
14114 | 2 | understanding the origin of present-day ecosystems. this project will elucidate how biodiversit
and biodiversity changes can be used as indicators in predicting future patterns of biotic chan |
437 | 1 | biodiversity at a century and millenium scale. it was developed in four directions: . the histo
|
7158 | 3 | predicting the effects of global change on biodiversity at large spatial scales.
can predict the variability of species richness and extinction rates and local turnover will b ssues important to assess the impact of global change on biodiversity dynamics. |
442 | 2 | ties. using approaches accounting for a heterogeneity in species detectability and for spatial
a, we found that not only local species richness can be affected by landscape structure, but it |
13942 | 8 | on increases with increasing species or functional group diversity. 2. a more diverse community
onal group diversity. 2. a more diverse community has the potential to transfer more carbon up nity has the potential to transfer more carbon up the food chain. 3. a more diverse community b on up the food chain. 3. a more diverse community buries more organic matter deeper in the sedi 3. a more diverse community buries more organic matter deeper in the sediment. 4. nodularin and uries more organic matter deeper in the sediment. 4. nodularin and bmaa in cyanobacterial bloom can accumulate in and reduce diversity, growth and survival of deposit-feeding invertebrates, a rates, and be transferred to their fish predators. the results can be used to evaluate the like |
7567 | 5 | also the correlative study of mycotoxin production. using the model p. expansum producer of pat
tudy of mycotoxin production. using the model p. expansum producer of patulin, we analyze the e sum producer of patulin, we analyze the evolution of the production during growth and the effec atulin, we analyze the evolution of the production during growth and the effect of the usual ph the evolution of the production during growth and the effect of the usual physiological and nu |
2051 | 3 | l investigate biodiversity in a natural ecosystem, believed to be reasonably representative of
ly representative of the coastal marine environment . through this cooperation the project will l be able to develop a full statistical model for biodiversity without losing biological inform |
7422 | 3 | es resulting from the specialization of production systems, significantly reduced the diversity
ct of mycorrhizal biodiversity on wheat productivity and grain quality. this work will lay a so or the operation of these new biotech / ecosystem tools of mycorrhiza in wheat farming and thus |
7281 | 1 | of researchers and practitioners in the development of the north pas de calais
|
14821 | 5 | rranean coastal wetlands are considered ecosystems that deserve to be protected in a european c
and attractiveness for touristic-based development has led to a series of adverse impacts and e area of highest rainfall in valencian community and with warm temperatures, permits species o idered a refuge of biodiversity for its richness in different kinds of water body: streams, cha itats. algae, however, are very precise ecological indicators and are widely used, alone or tog |
456 | 2 | combination of field data, analysis of population dynamics and the large-scale satellite sensi
is of population dynamics and the large-scale satellite sensing will make it possible to clarif |
7262 | 2 | associated with sunken wood deep marine environment has always been perceived as a zoological c
iated with sunken wood and identify new model organisms to understand in an evolutionary light, |
9933 | 8 | uropean biodiversity. a major source of nutrients to semi-natural ecosystems is atmospheric nit
jor source of nutrients to semi-natural ecosystems is atmospheric nitrogen deposition and exper semi-natural ecosystems is atmospheric nitrogen deposition and experiments have suggested that d experiments have suggested that these nutrients may reduce species richness.however, until ve that these nutrients may reduce species richness.however, until very recently there was no clea predictive equation to estimate species richness of similar sites based on n deposition.the cur position is seriously impacting species richness on a wider scale across european grasslands an y impacting species richness on a wider scale across european grasslands and to elucidate the m |
7467 | 2 | age of the services provided by aquatic ecosystems, but also to make it possible to establish e
k will help to shed light on how future climate and socioeconomic pressures will give rise to g |
2137 | 9 | the impacts of pronounced climate change are now apparent at various sites in the
converge on the prediction that future warming trends will be amplified at high northern latit nderstanding of norways northern marine ecosystems and their responsiveness to environmental ch ecosystems and their responsiveness to environmental change. the benthic biodiversity has been closely related with variables such as productivity and sea surface temperature for which a st es such as productivity and sea surface temperature for which a strong gradient is seen along t ese two biodiversity drivers are highly climate-dependent and are expected to change with the p e expected to change with the predicted warming. this funding request is for a post-doctoral fe framework of the impacts of the global warming on the soft-bottom marine biodiversity in the n |
474 | 4 | ts in eukaryotic microbial taxonomy and evolution, marine biology and ecology, genomics and mol
s of marine biodiversity change and for evaluation of its ecological and economic cost. the bio database will become the largest world community resource on marine unicellular eukaryotic bio compartment, and elevating the european community to the forefront of marine eukaryote microbia |
1930 | 1 | be divided over different functions in nature areas and in the agricultural landscape.
|
7583 | 1 | iversity toxigenic molds to dry at room temperature in sterile sand. . strains of the collectio
|
14419 | 4 | they are primary drivers of the global carbon cycle and they belong to the most valuable micro
rated that flowering plants and insects ecosystems harbor vast untapped diversity of yeasts. in sity and ecology of yeasts in different ecosystems have attracted little systematic research in portant properties from these bulgarian ecosystems. the research project will be accomplished i |
7008 | 1 | g information about yeast phylogeny and development of yeast endocytobiosis, discovering new sy
|
7286 | 1 | on. a floristically diverse surrounding community with a rich assemblage of insects would reduc
|
7153 | 3 | y, that the century or millennium. this scale is primarily documented by the exo or endo -skele
oup, which will result in an attempt to model the effects of human impact on animal biodiversit impact on animal biodiversity in a time scale ranging from century to millennium. these case st |
7211 | 7 | country is based entirely on the coral ecosystem and ocean. atolls, distributed along a latitu
ocal / regional factors controlling the distribution of diversity. protected marine areas of th the republic of maldives: • what is the habitat diversity and structure of coral communities en of marine protected areas • how species richness of these sites does it compare with that obser onclusions can be drawn on endemism and evolution of marine species of the maldives • fisheries t is the status of the resource and its habitat critical habitats used during the life cycle of etely mastered locally training in reef mapping, visual counting diving fish larvae capture and |
14716 | 10 | the edaphic ecosystem is complex, scaresly studied, with a large de
omplex trophic webs which depend on the productivity of natural and agricultural ecosystems. th roductivity of natural and agricultural ecosystems. the isolation, identification and bioecolog me of these organisms could lead to the development of new technologies. the aim of the project pathogenic nematodes and evaluate there efficiency as an alternative technology in the biologic th the aim of providing a base for tthe development of biocontrol agents which are environmenta ion of autochtonous strains of epns; 2. evaluation of their virulence against spodoptera littor ram of biodiversity, earth sciences and global change in the national subprograme of biodiversi the thematic line of new technologies, development of technologies in the improvement of enivr vement of enivronmental quality in land ecosystems |
2499 | 8 | esearch regarding utilization of marine ecosystems with emphasis on decision modeling of total
ne ecosystems with emphasis on decision modeling of total allowable catches in a broad multispe roductive ocean areas in the world. the ecosystem is highly dynamic and volatile. the modeling tem is highly dynamic and volatile. the modeling of a top-down and multidimensional bioeconomic e validated by more detailed biological ecosystem models which, by themselves, lack the ability lity to determine optimal policies. the modeling and integration of such a two-stage process ne utting-edge academic quality beyond the ph.d. level. a successful outcome of the proposed proje onomics and fishery research, numerical modeling of multidimensional stochastic bioprocesses, a |
10969 | 4 | ficant role in biofouling in the marine environment, and also in the pathogenesis of many infec
e have recently found that this form of competition occurs. preliminary studies of the effect o nary studies of the effect of bacterial competition on biofilm disruption were carried out. a m cus bioflim. the extent of this form of competition amongst marine bacteria will also be invest |
13336 | 2 | age of the services provided by aquatic ecosystems, but also to make it possible to establish e
k will help to shed light on how future climate and socioeconomic pressures will give rise to g |
12026 | 1 | n this project, we explore the roles of trophic interactions, vertical diversity and nutrient e
|
2511 | 7 | since more than 10e9 years, nature operates endosymbiotic metabolic pathways in euk
ls. in plants, maintenance of the cells metabolism is compartmentalized. the metabolic stage of loroplast are essential to maintain the metabolism of the photoautotrophic developmental state proven extremely valuable to study the development of chloroplasts. upon illumination the onse lumination the onset of photoautotrophy development can be precisely controlled to study the pr utilize in darkness, differentiate the function of pigmentation changes in the cytb6f complex, in the cytb6f complex, and resolve the function of chlorophyll binding to the lil3 protein. th |
13485 | 2 | biogenic phosphorus spectroscopy, the most powerful analysis met
xperiments and multivariate statistical evaluation of the results. this will answer questions r |
10561 | 3 | carbon is one of the essential elements required for li
s required for life to exist, alongside energy and liquid water. in contrast to other parts of ts of the earth s biosphere, cycling of carbon compounds beneath glaciers and ice sheets is poo |
15346 | 1 | e monitoring of the processes up to the modelling, passing through the experimentation designed
|
15436 | 2 | recent warming and variations in atmospheric circulation patte
years trough the analysis of lake dated sediment cores. we plan to identify similarities and di |
11672 | 4 | l zone contributes significantly to the nitrogen cycle, removing nitrogen washed in from the la
icantly to the nitrogen cycle, removing nitrogen washed in from the land by rivers and so reduc ms, also contribute to the formation of nitrogen gases, some of which are important in global w , some of which are important in global warming. while a lot of work has been done to measure t |
11794 | 4 | l zone contributes significantly to the nitrogen cycle, removing nitrogen washed in from the la
icantly to the nitrogen cycle, removing nitrogen washed in from the land by rivers and so reduc ms, also contribute to the formation of nitrogen gases, some of which are important in global w , some of which are important in global warming. while a lot of work has been done to measure t |
10920 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
11710 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
11811 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
11812 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
9904 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
9954 | 2 | of nuclear power generation and weapons development, the uk has created large quantities of rad
volume, the largest fraction predictive modelling of the cdz, which will tie all the different |
7273 | 3 | mplex systems such as the amazon, local migration of freshwater fish are essential for maintain
hods icp- ms - and - mc- icp- ms in the growth rings of scales, including life history of fish n the growth rings of scales, including life history of fish |
10398 | 6 | on the microbiota of a rarely explored environment and geochemical data that will provide clue
ce other potential areas for geothermal energy recovery, which could be contribute to the uk s r potential areas for geothermal energy recovery, which could be contribute to the uk s renewab uld be contribute to the uk s renewable energy portfolio. analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isoto rgy portfolio. analysis of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes will be used to identify the source of al analysis will define the geochemical environment and process measurements coupled with analy |
11449 | 1 | the moorings will be instrumented with sediment traps, current meters, adcp, thermister chains
|
15206 | 13 | of v. parahaemolyticus with pathogenic traits in the marine environment. these data contrast w
us with pathogenic traits in the marine environment. these data contrast with the low number of thogenic strains detected in the marine environment have no relation with the strains causing i ns of v. parahaemolyticus in the marine environment of galicia throughout one year. this inform information allows us to determine the distribution and population dynamics of pathogenic v. p ws us to determine the distribution and population dynamics of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus a e environmental factors determining the abundance. in a second stage, the strains obtained in t re, as well as to establish the spatial distribution of genotypes in association with the envir on of genotypes in association with the environment. the strains recovered from galicia will be s identified as pathogens in the marine environment could be assessed, allowing for an evaluati ment could be assessed, allowing for an evaluation of the current virulence markers as suitable e current virulence markers as suitable indicators of the pathogenic potential of any one strai potential, ultimately allowing for the development of an enhanced environmental surveillance o |
14853 | 1 | d autoecological studies in its natural habitat. however, and as it has been observed, saliniba
|
11782 | 5 | r the purposes of this study, the rapid evolution of centromeres is also very curious. centrome
, from the most devastating failures in growth and reproduction to reduced fertility among a ye nt be evolving so fast might this rapid evolution have consequences for growth, fertility or th s rapid evolution have consequences for growth, fertility or the reproductive isolation between es and consequences of rapid centromere evolution. |
182 | 1 | tomentella bryophila or t. stuposa. the distribution of genets of tomentella sp. in transects w
|
10249 | 4 | of biodiversity in the earth s largest ecosystem. the proposal is to visit a site on the south
species, revolutionised ideas about how ecosystems can be supplied with energy, and even provid out how ecosystems can be supplied with energy, and even provided clues to the origins of life. to understand what controls the global distribution of species in these island-like extreme en |
14706 | 1 | 1.- infer the geographical history and evolution of the reptiles and amphibians around the wes
|
14937 | 10 | distributions, but at the intraspecific scale it is fine tuned by population differentiation. e
ne tuned by population differentiation. evolution of parasite resistance could drive hosts popu differentiation. evolution of parasite resistance could drive hosts population differentiation hosts population differentiation if the distribution of parasites is heterogeneous among hosts orted worldwide due to global trade and climate change. this project will study the biogeograph we will examine to what extent parasite distribution drives the evolution of the mhc in the bla extent parasite distribution drives the evolution of the mhc in the blackcap at the same geogra iation in the context of the geographic distribution of parasites. the results of this project ddition to the study of this species, a model in ecology and evolution. the project will also a of this species, a model in ecology and evolution. the project will also allow training phd stu |
6808 | 2 | of the winter period combined with the evolution of different hibernation strategies. these pr
ispersal as some dominant groups of the vegetation and dispersal show a group-specific hierarch |
11728 | 3 | rial populations, and for environmental/climate change. this research will develop analytical p
l form the theoretical basis for future development of molecular tools to address microbial bio iodiversity in natural environments and global change. |
14115 | 8 | racter of the components of the natural environment and integrated impact of human induced devi
on is also an indirect threat to future human well-being because of loss of biodiversity, parti cies that perform critical tasks within ecosystems. there continues to be a steady decline in t implement methods of biomonitoring for evaluation of air and precipitation pollution distribut biomonitoring for evaluation of air and precipitation pollution distribution . 2.develop and im tion of air and precipitation pollution distribution . 2.develop and implement biological indic as. 3.to use bioindicational methods in evaluation of human activities impact on natural commun tural communities and for indication of nature conservation value of communities. 4.to develop |
15264 | 2 | we have named a syndrome of strandings stress , in which clinical signs and lesions founded ar
ausing a failure of the therapy and the recovery of the involved animals. the purpose of our st |
1101 | 16 | dels for phylogenetic studies, from the development and application of new computational method
e and proteome, to studies on molecular modeling from protein structure-function studies are co lecular modeling from protein structure-function studies are coordinated and lead to a national cts are useful for the whole scientific community. the presence in the group of several profess arning activities or simply through the production of multimedia support material for training. bases and with analysis packages; - the development of new technologies for database indexing a of palermo. wp2. comparative genomics. development of new computational methods for the analys divided into 4 activities as follows: - development of new method for evolutionary studies and ry studies and phylogenetic analysis; - development of new computational methods for sequence a be on the use of agent technologies; - development of computational methods for microarray dat and genome sequences of human and other model organisms; - transcriptome and proteome analysis; ch of regulatory elements. wp4. protein modeling divided into four activities as follows: - lar nto four activities as follows: - large scale modeling of globular and membrane proteins, - mul ur activities as follows: - large scale modeling of globular and membrane proteins, - multidime ar dynamics of dna-protein complexes; - development of algorithms and calculation codes for thr calculation codes for three-dimensional modeling of biological macromolecules. wp5. implementat |
7642 | 4 | functional traits of organisms are central to their ada
f the soil and thus to the provision of ecosystem services. betsi the project aims to synthesiz nformation on biological and ecological functional traits of soil invertebrates. originality of ls specific to the compartment ' soil ' ecosystems |
15074 | 6 | ncidence of prematurity, low weight and mortality at birth. existing regional variation due to
1-analyze for the period 1983-2007 the evolution of the number of deliveries per province and deliveries per province and autonomous community, single and multiple deliveries, dystrophic p accomplished regarding the maternal age distribution and newborn weight. 2- identify territoria fy territorial variations responding to heterogeneity for observed values. 3- identify relevant ewborns per province and per autonomous community that could require special neonatal care. |
14743 | 3 | o the biotic diversity and integrity of ecosystems. the mechanisms that permit the initial esta
study of this issue are to: assess the habitat use and movement patterns in several aquatic ec nd movement patterns in several aquatic ecosystems in order to evaluate the dispersion capacity |
15120 | 24 | d structure of the communities, and the food web organization. the high environmental variabili
ility, such as water level, nutrient or salinity fluctuations, and the environmental constraint oastal lagoons, are determinant for the community structure in mediterranean shallow lentic eco ructure in mediterranean shallow lentic ecosystems. the effects of the physical control act dir he physical control act directly on the community structure, by means of the species selection t also indirectly due to changes in the food web organization. the influence of the environment of the environmental conditions on the biological traits of the top predators explains these c ons on the biological traits of the top predators explains these changes and could imply a modi s and could imply a modification of the predation pressure on the aquatic community. the main o f the predation pressure on the aquatic community. the main objective of this project is to ana ctive of this project is to analyse the predation effects on the food web functioning in medite to analyse the predation effects on the food web functioning in mediterranean water bodies, and iotic factors, characteristics of these ecosystems, modify or regulate the predation effects. i hese ecosystems, modify or regulate the predation effects. in order to reach this objective we ective we will study two shallow lentic ecosystems: temporary ponds, where the drought is a det high variability of nutrient input and salinity are reported. these studies take into account unt different trophic levels, from fish predation to intraguild predation in the microbial loop trophic levels, from fish predation to intraguild predation in the microbial loop. we will dev iments, using mesocosms with or without predator presence, as well as field studies in sites wi field studies in sites with high or low predation density, in which we will compare the communi ies in sites with high or low predation density, in which we will compare the community structu n density, in which we will compare the community structure. in all the studies we will perform in all the studies we will perform, the community structure will be analysed by means of two ap oaches, taxonomic and functional, using community size structure. |
11185 | 4 | this project would enable the participation of stephen archer in an exciting, new zea
responsible for the measurement of the production rates of dimethylsulphoniopropionate analysi system that will substantially increase productivity and to cover voyage-participation costs. crease productivity and to cover voyage-participation costs. |
10129 | 8 | y to quantify the influence of climatic warming on the emission of co2 from soil by investigati
y investigating how soil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where tha oil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and ity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and emitted - ie how much labeled co2 is ted and which organisms use it in their metabolism. this will give us valuable information to i ortant for constraining the response by soil respiration to climatic change and use our laborat a new understanding of the response by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test h esponse by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test how important biological diver |
10417 | 8 | y to quantify the influence of climatic warming on the emission of co2 from soil by investigati
y investigating how soil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where tha oil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and ity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and emitted - ie how much labeled co2 is ted and which organisms use it in their metabolism. this will give us valuable information to i ortant for constraining the response by soil respiration to climatic change and use our laborat a new understanding of the response by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test h esponse by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test how important biological diver |
11411 | 8 | y to quantify the influence of climatic warming on the emission of co2 from soil by investigati
y investigating how soil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where tha oil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and ity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and emitted - ie how much labeled co2 is ted and which organisms use it in their metabolism. this will give us valuable information to i ortant for constraining the response by soil respiration to climatic change and use our laborat a new understanding of the response by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test h esponse by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test how important biological diver |
9891 | 8 | y to quantify the influence of climatic warming on the emission of co2 from soil by investigati
y investigating how soil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where tha oil biological and functional diversity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and ity carbon isotope and trace where that carbon is used and emitted - ie how much labeled co2 is ted and which organisms use it in their metabolism. this will give us valuable information to i ortant for constraining the response by soil respiration to climatic change and use our laborat a new understanding of the response by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test h esponse by soil respiration to climatic warming and we will test how important biological diver |
13943 | 1 | n biological diversity . recent reserch stress the insufficient connection that exist between g
|
14420 | 8 | project aims to study the effect of the climate factors, biological interrelations, environment
iodiversity, supporting the sustainable ecosystem functioning and optimal use of their biologic ogical researches will be combined with gis-based and remote methods for describing and evaluat d and remote methods for describing and evaluation of the hydro-morphological parameters of wat qualitative and quantitative models for evaluation and prediction of the behaviour of studied s n of the main mechanisms supporting the ecological integrity of the riparian wetlands with diff the results obtained will be useful for development of the multidisciplinary approach in decisi nsive anthropogenic pressure and global climate changes. |
12681 | 6 | process for collating and reporting on climate change induced trends in the abundance and dist
on climate change induced trends in the abundance and distribution of native species and in the nge induced trends in the abundance and distribution of native species and in the extent and co species and habitats most vulnerable to climate change. it will identify, develop and update in e. it will identify, develop and update indicators of climate change induced trends which will ntify, develop and update indicators of climate change induced trends which will be available o |
14703 | 4 | mediterranean river ecosystems, mainly in low and mid-order reaches, are su
ariations can be accentuated because of climate change effects. discharge changes drive biogeoc vance. it is then necessary to know the function of the biological communities during such chan icrobial loop. an important quantity of energy and matter processed by the river is flowing thr |
2550 | 14 | recent isolation of thermoacidophilic methane-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the verrucomicr
nging to the verrucomicrobia lineage of evolution has expanded our understanding of the diversi standing of the diversity of biological methane oxidation. these microorganisms share the uniqu ganisms share the unique ability to use methane, a potent greenhouse gas, as a sole carbon and ane, a potent greenhouse gas, as a sole carbon and energy source. methylacidiphilum kamchatkens nt greenhouse gas, as a sole carbon and energy source. methylacidiphilum kamchatkense, strain k in kamchatka, russia, will be used as a model for further molecular and physiological analyses molecular and physiological analyses of methane oxidation in these organisms, which possess 3-4 ved operons each encoding 3 particulate methane monooxygenase protein subunits. preliminary ana onally expressed in kam1 under standard growth conditions. through further transcriptional and novel subcellular micro-compartment for methane oxidation, compensating for the lack of the typ so play a role in detoxification and/or carbon assimilation. the organelles will be purified fr ct will provide novel insights into the evolution and diversity of biological methane oxidation e evolution and diversity of biological methane oxidation, a presumed ancient metabolic trait a |
14702 | 7 | luvial systems and they form the global food web in streams. the trophic structure of fauna, fr
orm the global food web in streams. the trophic structure of fauna, from protozoa to macroinver roinvertebrates, has a relevant role in organic matter processing and in biofilm structure. ben base to material availability and their efficiency depends on organic matter inputs and autocht ability and their efficiency depends on organic matter inputs and autochthonous primary product matter inputs and autochthonous primary production. in mediterranean streams these characterist besides changes on light intensity and temperature modulate intensity and relevance of biologi |
14558 | 4 | ee of parasitic infection.. analysis of abundance estimation will contribute to characterise th
yrenean populations. analyses of use of habitat and space will allow, respectively, to clarify o highlight its spatial requirements in function of individual space use. parasitological studi out sacrificing any animal, to know the nature of parasitic helminthofauna, potential diet, and |
14421 | 9 | estigate into and better understand the distribution, biology, ecology and paths of invasion of
ative effects on the native species and ecosystems. the following methods will be used: field o karyological, molecular, embryological, gis-mapping, experimental, etc. in order to study popul ological, molecular, embryological, gis-mapping, experimental, etc. in order to study populatio haracteristics of ias, past and current distribution, plant communities susceptible for particu ses and effectiveness of the methods of mitigation and control. it is expected that at the and following results will be achieved: 1. gis-distribution maps of the invasive aliens species. 2 lowing results will be achieved: 1. gis-distribution maps of the invasive aliens species. 2. be alien vascular plants. 5. measures for mitigation and control of worst ias tested. 6. paramete |
15280 | 10 | ong ago with their functions, roles and distribution in inland waters well established. however
established. however, knowledge of the distribution and functions of archaea have increased dr most of them and no evidences on their metabolism or role within the ecosystem are available. on their metabolism or role within the ecosystem are available. to overcome current limitation le in biogeochemical cycling in aquatic ecosystems acting as nitrificant chemoauto/mixo-trophs gy and population ecology to understand population dynamics and distributions in natural enviro e natural frameworks to follow archaeal population dynamics using several molecular and geochem igh-resolution technologies to describe community composition, the assembly rules, evaluation o munity composition, the assembly rules, evaluation of the impact of their activity in the carbo of the impact of their activity in the carbon fluxes, and metagenomic and 454 pyrosequencing t |
15281 | 4 | has discovered the enormous wealth and abundance of archaea both in aquatic environments and t
ies, optimal physiological activity and function in the ecosystem. only combining advanced mole siological activity and function in the ecosystem. only combining advanced molecular and bioinf he lake and determine their role in the ecosystem functioning |
14575 | 4 | e a significant component of the global environmental change and are viewed as one of the most
s of change in biodiversity at a global scale, usually with harmful ecological and economic eff hids, through interference with natural predators and parasitoids and, accordingly, an eventual an eventual harmful effect in tangerine production. |
14951 | 3 | cal interactions. by their ubiquity and abundance, ants establish many kinds of relations with
he completion of the map of the iberian distribution of the two supercolonies described in euro e would complete the study of the local distribution of both supercolonies in the streets, park |
13732 | 9 | of great commercial interest to shorten production cycles and increase food production. however
ten production cycles and increase food production. however, there is growing concern over the growing concern over the impact escaped growth hormone transgenic fish may have on the natural transgenic fish may have on the natural environment. to predict these risks it is crucial to ob ransgenic and non-transgenic fish under nature-like conditions. empirical data on this is, howe of the potential risks associated with production of transgenic fish. in addition, these trans ones interact with the organism and its environment to regulate behaviour, and to examine evolu o examine evolutionary questions of why growth in nature often is below that physiologically po evolutionary questions of why growth in nature often is below that physiologically possible. by |
15026 | 4 | ously the study of the fenology and the habitat will complement it. these experiments will allo
s. this assay will let to establish the life history and the optima conditions molecular experi ll set up the optima conditions for the development and growth of the iberian species, essentia tima conditions for the development and growth of the iberian species, essential for future use |
14494 | 5 | l to forget that it seems to approach a climate change that could involve an increase of the su
will provide us information about their function in iberian soil, including agriculture ones wh y its important role in soil fertility, development of organic fertilizers, improvement of phys nthly sampling and quantifying the cast production in laboratory microcosms and jail microcosms y to investigate the transformations of organic matter during gut transit and their influences |
14788 | 1 | ors suggested that slugs can be used in soil health assessment in the manner that mussels and o
|
15564 | 4 | ts in eukaryotic microbial taxonomy and evolution, marine biology and ecology, genomics and mol
s of marine biodiversity change and for evaluation of its ecological and economic cost. the bio database will become the largest world community resource on marine unicellular eukaryotic bio compartment, and elevating the european community to the forefront of marine eukaryote microbia |
11506 | 3 | biomass energy makes up 77% of the world primary renewable ener
s up 77% of the world primary renewable energy mix - or 10% of the total world energy mix will energy mix - or 10% of the total world energy mix will help design appropriate research, commu |
11601 | 9 | tury is to improve our knowledge on how global change, including climate change and human modif
owledge on how global change, including climate change and human modifications of the earth s s earth system, the status, dynamics and evolution of the terrestrial biosphere are the least un hat the land surface is suffering large-scale and rapid changes in response to human demands fo esources, with serious consequences for climate, biodiversity and sustainability. current gridd ridded biomass information suitable for carbon cycle and earth system models does not exist, no istent, accurate and frequently updated mapping of forest area, structure and change needed for antify the terrestrial component of the carbon cycle and its links to the water cycle, will pro n of major importance for societies and ecosystems, and will help to fill a crucial gap in the |
11467 | 3 | key scientific challenge is quantifying ecosystem biomass and productivity by scaling up observ
ge is quantifying ecosystem biomass and productivity by scaling up observations from individual dividual holes to the glacier/ice sheet scale. highspy, our knowledge transfer partner have dev |
6917 | 3 | orphological characters relevant to the evolution of the reproductive isolation and in speciati
s and the polyandry, and with the sperm competition 2. can we detect the principle of parsimony ciple of parsimony in the morphological evolution of the copulatory organs 3. whether the simil |
14901 | 2 | aim is to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of crystallites and of their crystallograp
cture which can be explained by crystal growth processes constitute the purely morphological se |
14924 | 7 | of the most important findings are the production of vaterite, the production of magnesian cal
ngs are the production of vaterite, the production of magnesian calcite by m. xanthus and the o to study in detail bacterially induced precipitation of vaterite and dolomite. therefore, the r study of bacterially-induced vaterite precipitation, in particular, to get a better understan culture medium that ends up in vaterite precipitation versus the precipitation of any other cal up in vaterite precipitation versus the precipitation of any other calcium carbonate polymorph. ite, we intend to study dolomite induce precipitation by m. xanthus and by other bacteria in no |
10797 | 5 | n in the past in britain. poverty, drug resistance, the hiv, and migration are key factors in i
poverty, drug resistance, the hiv, and migration are key factors in its occurrence today. the h as immigration, changes in population density, and changes in the environment. there are also population density, and changes in the environment. there are also interesting questions about re also interesting questions about the evolution of tb in the new world after contact with eur |
11565 | 5 | n in the past in britain. poverty, drug resistance, the hiv, and migration are key factors in i
poverty, drug resistance, the hiv, and migration are key factors in its occurrence today. the h as immigration, changes in population density, and changes in the environment. there are also population density, and changes in the environment. there are also interesting questions about re also interesting questions about the evolution of tb in the new world after contact with eur |
15087 | 3 | o point towards the cause of a specific environmental change. in the second place, non-destruct
behavioural parameters, clinical signs, population dynamics, etc. long-term studies could not o useful in concrete episodes of massive mortality of wild birds when decisions on population ma |
7613 | 7 | / solid interface between the water and sediment particles or the soil organic matter, and liqu
the water and sediment particles or the soil organic matter, and liquid / liquid interfaces for the pollutants, they do not predict the ecosystem's ability to degrade the. a possible strategy ed on biological, or bioindicators. the development of different types of bio-indicators will p e development of different types of bio-indicators will provide innovative tools for decision s rt in the treatment of pollution. these indicators may be biosensors consist of a bacterial str nes whose presence and expression in an environment indicate the presence of a pollutant. such |
12048 | 1 | and remote island with amazing specific richness and endemism. the project is aimed at investig
|
14954 | 4 | elevant aspects of bioaccessibility and metabolism of pah in model systems with defined substra
oaccessibility and metabolism of pah in model systems with defined substrates and cultures . ta nd cultures . target pahs to be used as model compounds will be naphthalene, phenanthrene, fluo sent in creosote, that will be taken as model pah mixture. also, part of this study will be per |
13313 | 12 | biodiversity indicators and monitoring frameworks are currently deve
ndorsed set of eu headline biodiversity indicators. a requirement by the eu is to complement th uirement by the eu is to complement the indicator set and the development of biodiversity monit to complement the indicator set and the development of biodiversity monitoring frameworks with hat are able to assess the impacts from community policies on biodiversity in a cost-effective versity as measured by the presence and abundance of individual species. the tool will contain oral pressures and relating to selected community policies as well as the eu headline biodivers as well as the eu headline biodiversity indicators. this tool will be applied for assessing imp assessing impacts and effectiveness of community policies based on historic data as well as fo biodiversity monitoring frameworks and incentives for uptake will be formulated. also the data policy responses; - apply the tool for modelling european-wide scenarios for selected drivers; ed pressures on biodiversity; - propose incentives for a wide uptake of the tool. |
14331 | 1 | ation. yet, more than just logs, forest ecosystems produce many other services of prime importa
|
15126 | 4 | trichomycetes are cosmopolitan in their distribution, evidencing the very successful symbiotic
rever their hosts live, and may provide stability to the arthropod communities, and consequentl the use of these fungi as water quality indicators. though aquatic insects are routinely used a be more susceptible to minor changes in ph and ion concentrations that could possibly be correl |
10618 | 1 | ta gathered from climatically sensitive indicators from the host sediments to test climatic inf
|
13314 | 4 | e of biostrat is to support the further development of a european biodiversity research strateg
y-related research at both the european scale and in individual eu member states by linking exi g biodiversity research projects in the development of the eu biodiversity research strategy. - s of the paris conference,the millenium ecosystem assessment, the 2010 target, esri, gti, gbif, |
10459 | 3 | summer s arctic coring expedition , the nature of the polar marine fauna, and its response to c
ponse of the arctic ocean to this rapid warming event. we propose to study the benthic foramini rovide estimates of the water depth and oxygen content. we will make comparisons with benthic f |
15409 | 1 | llaboration, on the systematics and the evolution in several groups of the asteraceae. the pres
|
15410 | 1 | llaboration, on the systematics and the evolution in several groups of the asteraceae. the pres
|
15180 | 1 | ortant applied aspect as regards to the evaluation of the possible
|
1083 | 12 | the evolution of life on earth can be reconstructed using t
relationships between biodiversity and global change. present knowledge of evolutionary proces ly controlled by changes in the abiotic environment and/or interactions between organisms. whil s are detectable and modelled in extant ecosystems, long-term variations in the biosphere, usua ciation/extinction rates, turnovers and stability, require investigations of paleobiotic modifi ical archives. the links between biotic evolution and environmental pressure are usually derive n years time-slices compared with large scale events such as climate and sea level changes. how ompared with large scale events such as climate and sea level changes. however, this approach g s. the oceans is the oldest and largest ecosystem on our planet and, thus, is best suited for e tive producers of calcite on earth. the evolution of calcareous plankton is of particular inter turnovers, relatively long intervals of stability and major changes in abundance. pelagic seque rvals of stability and major changes in abundance. pelagic sequences offer an excellent archive |
11242 | 20 | ne how biodiversity will be affected by global change we need to understand the evolutionary pr
gether in the context of communities or ecosystems. consider two species that need the same lim exist one might think not - they are in competition with one another and for one species to suc arwin, reveal both of these outcomes of competition: where two species, the medium ground finch ns within communities can influence the evolution of biodiversity over thousands to millions of er thousands to millions of years. does competition cause evolution to speed up can changes in llions of years. does competition cause evolution to speed up can changes in diversity through e in the fossil record be attributed to competition my solution to understanding these problems ocesses determine how species and their traits diversify and which species live together. this es. not only that but the importance of species interactions is influenced by other factors. if nity such as the chance to occupy a new habitat, then the pressures driving evolution will chan new habitat, then the pressures driving evolution will change. ecological opportunity could ari ological opportunity could arise due to environmental change, the evolution of a key innovation arise due to environmental change, the evolution of a key innovation or a host of other factor idly to occupy trees, partly due to the evolution of a unique toe-pad. this type of ecological the role of ecological opportunity and competition in generating biodiversity i explore variat ng biodiversity i explore variation and evolution in the morphology, ecology and behaviour in d roup to test the relative importance of competition and ecological opportunity in driving large ecological opportunity in driving large-scale evolution change. by combining this real-world da ical opportunity in driving large-scale evolution change. by combining this real-world data wit |
10977 | 13 | climate change over the last million years has seen rap
lower than it is today; then, when the climate warmed, the sea would rise once more. understan ble ramifications of the current global warming trend. the impact of such changes was felt most e. until now, no one has considered the evolution of dwarf mammals in the context of climate ch tion of dwarf mammals in the context of climate change, because there are few reliable dates to o calculate the percentage reduction in body size and weight, and more detailed features of the y, we will use existing knowledge about climate and sea-level changes over the past million yea termine how global changes impacted the evolution of the mammals. did major climatic events tri major climatic events trigger bursts of evolution on many islands what was the speed of evoluti become extinct, perhaps due to further climate change did the same thing happen repeatedly in ion, or other factors such as available vegetation the results of this project will provide a m ll provide a microcosm of the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help ex f the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help explain a long-debated phe |
11166 | 13 | climate change over the last million years has seen rap
lower than it is today; then, when the climate warmed, the sea would rise once more. understan ble ramifications of the current global warming trend. the impact of such changes was felt most e. until now, no one has considered the evolution of dwarf mammals in the context of climate ch tion of dwarf mammals in the context of climate change, because there are few reliable dates to o calculate the percentage reduction in body size and weight, and more detailed features of the y, we will use existing knowledge about climate and sea-level changes over the past million yea termine how global changes impacted the evolution of the mammals. did major climatic events tri major climatic events trigger bursts of evolution on many islands what was the speed of evoluti become extinct, perhaps due to further climate change did the same thing happen repeatedly in ion, or other factors such as available vegetation the results of this project will provide a m ll provide a microcosm of the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help ex f the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help explain a long-debated phe |
9890 | 13 | climate change over the last million years has seen rap
lower than it is today; then, when the climate warmed, the sea would rise once more. understan ble ramifications of the current global warming trend. the impact of such changes was felt most e. until now, no one has considered the evolution of dwarf mammals in the context of climate ch tion of dwarf mammals in the context of climate change, because there are few reliable dates to o calculate the percentage reduction in body size and weight, and more detailed features of the y, we will use existing knowledge about climate and sea-level changes over the past million yea termine how global changes impacted the evolution of the mammals. did major climatic events tri major climatic events trigger bursts of evolution on many islands what was the speed of evoluti become extinct, perhaps due to further climate change did the same thing happen repeatedly in ion, or other factors such as available vegetation the results of this project will provide a m ll provide a microcosm of the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help ex f the impact of global change on mammal evolution. it will also help explain a long-debated phe |
2196 | 7 | biodiversity of blue mussel ecosystems: patterns and processes blue mussels are key
t structuring role for biodiversity and ecosystem function. the aim of this wp is to use experi the mussel bed, e.g. patch size, mussel density and meta population structure may influence the these interactions may lead to dramatic ecosystem changes and flips and to changes in the biodi and to changes in the biodiversity and ecosystem function. the wp should in addition present a analysis of the main threats to mytilus ecosystems and the goods and services produced. the wp omparison between baltic and west coast ecosystems. it is also expected that under this wp a sc |
12017 | 5 | tool for studying long-term changes in climate and biodiversity. today, one of the main effect
their biodiversity, life cycle, and the function and molecular complexity of biomineralization, e cycle, and the function and molecular complexity of biomineralization, is strikingly lacking, on and adaptation potentials to oceanic ph changes. we propose a pluridisciplinary approach inv tentials of species-level diversity and functional diversity of biomineralization in coccolitho |
10571 | 2 | ogical record have shaped the course of evolution and life on earth, and without them, humans w
ain a unique perspective on current-day climate change and the issues affecting life on earth. |
14594 | 1 | e role of cyanobacteria biofilms on the ecological stoichiometry of stream foodwebs.
|
12442 | 2 | at depths less than 2000 m. – study the distribution of fishing effort in the nafo regulatory a
fisheries. studies on vulnerable marine ecosystems are an important aspect of rfmo compliance w |
11456 | 5 | iño events can switch the region from a carbon sink to a source. however, we do not understand
ing these responses and this constrains modelling of amazon forest-atmosphere interactions. the g the 21st century, but measurements of carbon exchange by rain forest during an el niño do not e of this event to make measurements of carbon exchange at multiple scales at an e. amazonian s use the new data in combination with a modelling framework to test hypotheses of the mechanist |
10859 | 4 | may actively transport large amounts of energy from land to freshwaters. their role in active t
ters. their role in active transport of energy resources will be investigated in a small river ure information, use of the terrestrial environment by this freshwater taxon will be determined eding on land occurs, while correlating habitat use with discharge will demonstrate the extent |
11035 | 1 | d populations to genes, is critical for ecosystem health. it is essential, therefore, to provid
|
6971 | 3 | gical standard, without endangering the environment. in this way new inbred lines could be deve
troduction of new, favourable agronomic traits, thus contributing to developments in hungarian ting to developments in hungarian maize production. |
14592 | 1 | nous steppe bird declining all over its distribution range. it presents a exploded lek mating s
|
6919 | 6 | e project. the methods of screening and resistance testing are evaluated, now the task is their
l also be tested. they are important is stress resistance, so an antifungal effect can be suppo be tested. they are important is stress resistance, so an antifungal effect can be supposed. th an be supposed. the organization of the production of the new cultivars with goof fhb resistanc tion of the new cultivars with goof fhb resistance, resistance to other diseases with good or e new cultivars with goof fhb resistance, resistance to other diseases with good or excellent qua |
6829 | 4 | asks: 1. finding of sources for drought resistance 2. breeding of hybrid material and its growi
f the research data 4. study of variety-environment interaction probable results: 1. finding of raction probable results: 1. finding of resistance and its markers 2. seedling-population 3. kn edling-population 3. knowing of variety-environment interaction 4. finding of connections |
6728 | 7 | ed in hungary have not yet such complex resistance. in drought the water use efficiency of gree
ex resistance. in drought the water use efficiency of green peas is more emphasised and it affe ready produced one dry pea variety with resistance to fusarium named debreceni galamb and it ca dle and late ripening f4 progenies with resistance to plant diseases. our research purpose to p od seed quality genetic components with resistance to fusarium pathogens. we investigate the ag pathogens. we investigate the agronomic traits and nutritive quality of existing f4 strains so te ripening breeding lines with complex resistance to fusarium and high crop quality. drought t |
6927 | 7 | and malting barley having more complex resistance to leaf spot- and virus diseases, to extreme
eme winter climatic conditions, lodging-resistance, above-average drought resistance, early rip dging-resistance, above-average drought resistance, early ripening, excellent yield potential, be planned to produce by means of this competition. chemical contamination of environment will competition. chemical contamination of environment will be decreased by introduction of the ne ced increasing the profitability of the production. in our program, resistance to the most impo lity of the production. in our program, resistance to the most important leaf spot diseases and |
10395 | 1 | ties of s. aria required to effect seed production in rare pseudogamous apomicts.
|
12032 | 4 | l niche theory predicts that in a local community, each species has a unique combination of fea
f biodiversity neglects any role in the competition to explain the coexistence of species. acco ich species occur on these sites, their functional traits, and their evolutionary relationships n addition, to date, five papers are in review, and 6 are in preparation. |
14899 | 3 | t a spatially-explicit individual-based model to study the adaptive evolution of male morpholog
idual-based model to study the adaptive evolution of male morphologies. we hope that this proje esearch on sexual selection by scramble competition, which has been relatively neglected in the |
11738 | 3 | new species is central to understanding evolution. furthermore, this process of speciation is t
for evaluating how organisms respond to environmental change. but there is a fundamental proble ge were driven by shifts in feeding and competition for food. |
13572 | 5 | r and doc in surface waters, is a large-scale environmental problem, probably caused by climate
vironmental problem, probably caused by climate change. we will analyze the magnitude, time cou omposition, and pollen. experiments and modeling will be made on leaching of doc from soils und c from soils under various scenarios of precipitation and vegetation. the project will test eff various scenarios of precipitation and vegetation. the project will test effects of lake brown |
14117 | 6 | the loss of taxons and fragmentation of distribution areas is a challenge to almost all organis
of semi-natural communities by humans. climate warming also causes changes in distribution are -natural communities by humans. climate warming also causes changes in distribution areas and o climate warming also causes changes in distribution areas and overall diversity. it is yet not d endangered species. their reaction to climate change and management may be much different fro nables to use bryoflora of estonia as a model for different impact studies. the aim of the pres |
14731 | 1 | olume iv of fbi. moreover, cataloguing, distribution analysis, identification, publicaction of
|
15430 | 16 | global climate change is a fact acknowledged by the scientific
s a fact acknowledged by the scientific community. the speed of this change imposes an enormous ain systems are especially sensitive to climate change since climatic conditions drastically ch ortant part of the biodiversity in land ecosystems with approximately 15000 species in the worl can be very useful as bioindicators of climate change: because of their poikilohiydric conditi substrate make them more vulnerable to climate change, in addition, they have rapid responses show that bryophytes are almost perfect model organisms for molecular ecology studies. therefor ing the responses of these organisms to climate change is of vital importance. nevertheless, th frequently due to lack of data such as distribution maps. bearing in mind the threat of global s. bearing in mind the threat of global climate change to the biodiversity of the planet, we pr e biology of bryophytes: 1. the present distribution of the artic-alpine genotype of bryum arge in the case of ceratodon purpureus. 2. modelling of the geographical distribution based on cli ureus. 2. modelling of the geographical distribution based on climate factors that determine th the geographical distribution based on climate factors that determine the presence-absence of ification of genomic markers related to climate factors. this project will benefit from the ava a of the species ceratodon purpureus, a model system in genetics. several genetic markers will |
12417 | 1 | the presence of plastics in the marine environment. the contractor will produce an annual repo
|
15582 | 2 | e in the economic, social and political development of many countries. however, they are amongs
s the identification and integration of indicators of coupled social-ecological resilience as t |
11064 | 32 | s project is to develop a user-friendly model that can be used to predict how environmental cha
y model that can be used to predict how environmental change influences animal populations. the ange influences animal populations. the model will be developed by adding a user-friendly inter iendly interface to a novel, specialist model that has to date only been used within the scient te only been used within the scientific modelling community. this existing model has been succe en used within the scientific modelling community. this existing model has been successfully ap ific modelling community. this existing model has been successfully applied by the research tea coastal sites, and used to predict how environmental change influences the wading bird and wil y and management for these species. the model has been used to advise management of coastal she has been used to predict the effect of habitat loss through port development, and the most eff the effect of habitat loss through port development, and the most effective way of mitigating t mitigating the negative effects of this habitat loss through habitat creation schemes. the mode ve effects of this habitat loss through habitat creation schemes. the model has been used in th s through habitat creation schemes. the model has been used in the marine environment to predic . the model has been used in the marine environment to predict the relative impact of offshore fect on wildlife. although the existing model has successfully advised coastal policy and manag e technical difficulties of running the model and understanding its output, it has only been us cialist modellers within the scientific community. this is unsatisfactory, as this tool should lfishery regulators collect data on the abundance of shellfish from which they need to set quot could do this in-house with a suitable model. likewise, the model could be used by developers se with a suitable model. likewise, the model could be used by developers to compare the ecolog encies to assess the relative impact of development schemes to prioritise which, if any, scheme y and accessible software tool. the new model will reduce the complexities of running the curre the complexities of running the current model to a sequence of simple steps to develop a model a sequence of simple steps to develop a model for a system and define the required outputs. the required outputs. the new user-friendly model will be developed and tested for coastal birds, c an interest in predicting the effect of environmental change on coastal birds, and with whom th developed, by an iterative processes of development, followed by testing by the project partner , during the project, the user-friendly model will be applied to coastal birds, it will be cons m to advertise the existence of the new model as a tool for addressing environmental conflicts ity systems. additionally, to allow the model to be distributed as widely as possible, and to e ite will be constructed, from which the model and updates can be freely downloaded. |
12722 | 3 | families. this project will assess and model that impact, review possible incentives, explore
ject will assess and model that impact, review possible incentives, explore links to the cites and model that impact, review possible incentives, explore links to the cites non-detriment pr |
15221 | 9 | efore in the fucntioning of terrestrial ecosystems. this decline is a component of the global p
lobal pollination crisis. in principle, global change is held responsible for this decline, par ticularly due to two of its components: climate change and shifts in the uses of the land, whic the land, which directly affect species distribution ranges and resource availability. it is ma gested that those species with narrower climate tolerances and higher trophic specialization ar re sensitive to the negative effects of global change. this proposal is based in the cantabrian ian mountains to analyze the effects of habitat context at different spatial scales on the dist text at different spatial scales on the distribution and relative abundance of some species. th scales on the distribution and relative abundance of some species. the main applied outcome is |
10643 | 7 | modern marine ecosystems were established during the early palaeozoic
ruct not only the dynamics early animal evolution, but also the underlying effects of accruing ss shale are too rare to provide larger-scale patterns. i propose to circumvent these problems evolutionary view of how modern marine ecosystems function. this study will focus on the weste ry view of how modern marine ecosystems function. this study will focus on the western canada s macroevolutionary patterns, and the co-evolution of ecosystem function and environments. onary patterns, and the co-evolution of ecosystem function and environments. |
6916 | 1 | of tree species, tree-ring studies for climate reconstruction, stable isotope study of the woo
|
12419 | 4 | conomies, which are in harmony with the environment. key customer purpose: the coastal zone is
ojected pressures facing the coast from development, climate change, and competition for space ures facing the coast from development, climate change, and competition for space between marit t from development, climate change, and competition for space between maritime sectors there is |
12059 | 3 | nding of the natural variability of the environment and how it has interacted with the marked i
rces, helping to reconcile human needs, ecosystem services and biodiversity in the sustainable ces and biodiversity in the sustainable development of this part of the continent. |
14764 | 9 | the mechanisms by which the terrestrial ecosystems work - maintenance and improvement of the ex
an shrublands and forests. - effects of climate change in plant ecophysiology and the structure ondary metabolites in the mediterranean vegetation - studies of molecular biology applied to th lecular biology applied to the study of ecosystems structure and functioning - direct effects o - direct effects of co2 increase on the ecosystems - biogenic volatile organic compounds - chem ts of tropospheric ozone on the plants. evaluation of atmospheric pollution effects through bio ic pollution effects through biological indicators. -isotopic signals and environmental changes pic signals and environmental changes. -remote sensing and optical diagnosis of plants and ecos ing and optical diagnosis of plants and ecosystems structure and functioning. |
15290 | 5 | l- in agricultural landscapes. hedgerow vegetation can be made of forests, grasslands or rudera
le lands. on the other hand, there is a scale factor that determines that plant composition in s in hedgerows can be determined by the organic matter quality associated to the vegetation typ rganic matter quality associated to the vegetation types . for this purpose we will use organic agricultural landscapes with contrasted intensification. |
9865 | 4 | out 10,000 years ago, and of industrial scale food production, starting about 100 years ago. mi
years ago, and of industrial scale food production, starting about 100 years ago. milk and its out the influences for human population growth. an exciting prospect is that it might be applic it might be applicable to studying the development of early man in africa . other plans includ |
11116 | 14 | climate change is a cause for concern in the 21st centu
cieties around the world, as changes in temperature and precipitation for western uganda. if we he world, as changes in temperature and precipitation for western uganda. if we can show that t sediments have responded to changes in climate in the region that have been documented, we can go back further in time within the lake sediment archive to look at climate in periods where th in the lake sediment archive to look at climate in periods where there are no written records, rds, and provide a long-term history of environmental change, and its variability, for this reg if there are relationships between lake sediment proxies and disease incidence, that may be rel sease incidence, that may be related to climate, or vegetation, for example. in this way, lake nce, that may be related to climate, or vegetation, for example. in this way, lake sediments ma iseases in the region. evidence of past environmental change and its links to climate, vegetati t environmental change and its links to climate, vegetation, disease and human society may ther mental change and its links to climate, vegetation, disease and human society may therefore be and human societies, may be affected by environmental change in the future. |
1093 | 7 | able variation in the rate of molecular evolution among lineages. many factors have been pointe
c rate, generation time, and dna repair efficiency heterogeneity. a further complication is rep eration time, and dna repair efficiency heterogeneity. a further complication is represented by stable over time, as a response to the stability of cave environments. the adaptation to cave that result in slow and stable rates of metabolism and reproduction.in particular, we will inve species that show vicariant patterns of distribution determined by paleogeographical events dat to compare rates and modes of molecular evolution of the same gene in different organisms. |
11244 | 17 | ple today become concerned about global warming and the effect that humans are having on the cl
he effect that humans are having on the climate, it becomes more important for people to unders rtant for people to understand what the climate and environment was like in the past, before hu ople to understand what the climate and environment was like in the past, before humans began t ords. in order better to understand the climate and environments of the past, scientists study ironments of the past, scientists study sediment, which has accumulated on the bottom of lakes lake or ocean in which the diatom grew. oxygen and silicon, the elements that combine to make s s and still be chemically recognised as oxygen and silicon. the two most common oxygen isotopes oxygen and silicon. the two most common oxygen isotopes are 16o and 18o. the most common silico relative proportion of heavy and light oxygen and silicon isotopes in water. for example, when the water and silica in their immediate environment, scientists believe that the relative amoun ts believe that the relative amounts of oxygen and silicon isotopes in diatom silica reflect th oratory and carefully controlling their growth conditions. i will test the effects of temperatu conditions. i will test the effects of temperature, diatom species and nutrient silicon availa nd nutrient silicon availability on the oxygen and silicon isotope ratios of diatom silica. the make more reliable assessments of past climate and environmental change. eliable assessments of past climate and environmental change. |
11321 | 17 | ple today become concerned about global warming and the effect that humans are having on the cl
he effect that humans are having on the climate, it becomes more important for people to unders rtant for people to understand what the climate and environment was like in the past, before hu ople to understand what the climate and environment was like in the past, before humans began t ords. in order better to understand the climate and environments of the past, scientists study ironments of the past, scientists study sediment, which has accumulated on the bottom of lakes lake or ocean in which the diatom grew. oxygen and silicon, the elements that combine to make s s and still be chemically recognised as oxygen and silicon. the two most common oxygen isotopes oxygen and silicon. the two most common oxygen isotopes are 16o and 18o. the most common silico relative proportion of heavy and light oxygen and silicon isotopes in water. for example, when the water and silica in their immediate environment, scientists believe that the relative amoun ts believe that the relative amounts of oxygen and silicon isotopes in diatom silica reflect th oratory and carefully controlling their growth conditions. i will test the effects of temperatu conditions. i will test the effects of temperature, diatom species and nutrient silicon availa nd nutrient silicon availability on the oxygen and silicon isotope ratios of diatom silica. the make more reliable assessments of past climate and environmental change. eliable assessments of past climate and environmental change. |
1970 | 5 | nge in response to selection within our model species will be compared to patterns of divergenc
the 80 or so species in this genus. the development of eyespot colour differs from eyespot size rent directions, but also the molecular nature of the evolutionarily relevant variation on whic her integrate the fields of ecology and evolution whilst focussing on the roles of development lution whilst focussing on the roles of development and genetics in generating morphological va |
7025 | 39 | river ecosystems play a key role in the transport and transfo
in the transport and transformation of carbon and nutrients. while material is being transport nsport and transformation of carbon and nutrients. while material is being transported downstre terial is being transported downstream, organic matter is produced and degraded. this matter ca man activities along its entire course. microbial community features such as composition and ac mponent in all processes, especially in nitrogen cycling. within the riverine landscape these p nstream zones. the processes related to nitrogen and organic matter cycling are basically contr . the processes related to nitrogen and organic matter cycling are basically controlled by the hydromorphology. thus, at the landscape scale, three fundamental principles regulate the cyclin es regulate the cycling and transfer of carbon and nitrogen in river ecosystems: i the mode of the cycling and transfer of carbon and nitrogen in river ecosystems: i the mode of carbon and ransfer of carbon and nitrogen in river ecosystems: i the mode of carbon and nitrogen delivery ogen in river ecosystems: i the mode of carbon and nitrogen delivery affects ecosystem function er ecosystems: i the mode of carbon and nitrogen delivery affects ecosystem functioning - conne of carbon and nitrogen delivery affects ecosystem functioning - connectivity patterns; ii incre elivery affects ecosystem functioning - connectivity patterns; ii increasing contact between wa asing contact between water and soil or sediment increases nitrogen retention and processing - en water and soil or sediment increases nitrogen retention and processing - geomorphology; iii ses nitrogen retention and processing - geomorphology; iii floods and droughts are natural even nts that strongly influence pathways of carbon and nitrogen cycling. these three principles can rongly influence pathways of carbon and nitrogen cycling. these three principles can be strongl storation of landscape dynamics and key ecosystem processes such as carbon and nutrient retenti ics and key ecosystem processes such as carbon and nutrient retention. in this context the obje low regimes on the functioning of river ecosystems and, more specifically, on their nitrogen cy ystems and, more specifically, on their nitrogen cycling capacity, and ii to accurately estimat proach to investigate the regulation of nitrogen and carbon cycling and transfer at the sedimen estigate the regulation of nitrogen and carbon cycling and transfer at the sediment/water inter and carbon cycling and transfer at the sediment/water interface in retention areas of river ec r interface in retention areas of river ecosystems: h1: the hydromorphic structures of retentio tructures of retention areas affect the nitrogen cycling: high surface water connectivity level he nitrogen cycling: high surface water connectivity levels and high sediment to water ratios i face water connectivity levels and high sediment to water ratios in retention areas increase po 2 /n 2 0 ratio. h2: the mode of organic carbon supply to retention areas controls denitrificati trols denitrification potential because carbon availability directly affects microbial nitrogen availability directly affects microbial nitrogen processing at the sediment surface h3: past wa ts microbial nitrogen processing at the sediment surface h3: past water regime patterns control past water regime patterns control the resistance and the resilience of the nutrient cycling p gical setting of retention areas at the habitat and at the reach scale. n areas at the habitat and at the reach scale. |
1963 | 3 | oduce volatile compounds in response to herbivory plants and herbivores are involved in an arms
n arms-race leading to gene-for-gene co-evolution. we intend to test one of the assumptions und . the number of genes involved in these traits will be estimated from the response to selection |
13710 | 7 | habitat losses caused by changes in agricultural land-u
these changes. even if factors such as predation or genetics affect some populations, the cont he continuing, rapid decline of a whole community of species remains unexplained. here, i will shorebirds is caused by on-going, large-scale changes in the environment, negatively affecting by on-going, large-scale changes in the environment, negatively affecting the reproductive succ , sex ratio, and cellular/physiological stress levels as indicated by a genetic fingerprint . t ur understanding of the impact of large-scale environmental changes on biodiversity. |
11102 | 6 | f local extinction, and the patterns of habitat patches in a landscape. it has also proved impo
human impacts on biodiversity, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, the ability of species n, the ability of species to respond to climate change and the spread of non-native species. ho of seed in the soil, and characterising habitat patches. we propose a study in which we will co llect appropriate data at the landscape scale for two contrasting plant species and will invest by these data using models of differing complexity. |
10632 | 2 | . these new species evolve to differ in traits used to exploit their new environments, a proces
lability, or in physical aspects of the environment are most the important causes of local adap |
11670 | 4 | interpreting past environmental change from lake sediments is becoming in
understanding past, present and future global change. in order to understand rates of environm nces is fundametal. currently most lake sediment sequences are dated by radiocarbon. these date ake sediments is problematic due to old carbon entering the lake from surrounding soils. we the |
13777 | 14 | the impacts of climate change on species and ecosystems are already ev
mpacts of climate change on species and ecosystems are already evident, and effects during the icant irrespective of which of the ipcc climate change scenarios that comes true. thus, strateg . thus, strategies to adapt to a warmer climate are needed, but methods are lacking. ecological strategy to increase the resilience of ecosystems threatened by climate change. this project t resilience of ecosystems threatened by climate change. this project tests whether ecological r ive way to increase their resilience to climate change effects. as more of precipitation falls e to climate change effects. as more of precipitation falls as snow instead of rain, spring flo r. this threatens species-rich riparian ecosystems, which depend on recurrent floods, and plant ill increase and decrease with a future climate. to evaluate if restoration of streams affected s affected by timber floating increases habitat availability to species threatened by climate-d t availability to species threatened by climate-driven hydrological changes, i will use project ure stream flows to forecast changes in habitat availability, and compare projections of future lity, and compare projections of future habitat availability to riparian species between pairs |
10045 | 16 | n 50% of all species are found in these ecosystems - or their importance as a store of carbon,
ems - or their importance as a store of carbon, as they contain 60% of all carbon found on land e of carbon, as they contain 60% of all carbon found on land. however, we also hear about their pansion drives their clearance by small-scale farmers, how large agribusinesses convert vast ar s into oil palm plantations or soy bean production, and how pressures to extract minerals and o osphere and hence increases the rate of climate change: deforestation of tropical forests contr tropical forests contributes 25% of all carbon dioxide emissions by humans. many attempts have value to the environmental benefits or ecosystem services like biodiversity and carbon storage cosystem services like biodiversity and carbon storage that tropical forests provide, it is pos able to sell the resulting reduction in carbon dioxide emissions on international carbon market rbon dioxide emissions on international carbon markets or through bilateral agreements. this id t is this broad concept of payments for ecosystem services that our project aims to address. in ate of tropical deforestation, conserve carbon stocks and biodiversity, and alleviate poverty t surround how to measure and monitor the carbon or biodiversity that a project claims to protect ty alleviation in an equitable way, the participation of local communities in the projects them ough new projects based on payments for ecosystem services with the twin objective of alleviati |
15422 | 4 | n of invasive species is, together with habitat destruction, the main cause of biodiversity los
in cause of biodiversity loss in marine ecosystems. alien species are considered invasive when aceans with an important role in marine ecosystems . furthermore, we will work with the life st condictions to explore the use in large scale cultures as food resource for fishes and molluscs |
11162 | 1 | commitment to the management of coastal ecosystems through addressing both ecological and socia
|
7251 | 10 | ct aims to better simulate the flow and carbon stocks in forest ecosystems at different scales.
te the flow and carbon stocks in forest ecosystems at different scales. indeed, forests are an an essential component of the earth 's carbon cycle by their surfaces and their life time whic rfaces and their life time which allows carbon storage in plant biomass and soils. current carb age in plant biomass and soils. current carbon footprint models, in particular global models li s, in particular global models like the model used by orchid ipsl, simulate the carbon balance model used by orchid ipsl, simulate the carbon balance of forests relatively simply. indeed, th ct therefore aims to: * orchid test the model in its original release in different bioclimatic rminants of the temporal variability of carbon fluxes across europe; * creation of a forestry m ons by age classes; * validation of the model at different scales: site / region / france -euro |
10086 | 6 | racellular carbohydrates, the rates and nature of degradation of this organic material by micro
ial taxa involved will be investigated. sediment carbohydrate size categories, chemical composi ries, chemical composition and rates of production of carbohydrates by benthic microalgae will in molecular microbial diversity. tidal mesocosm, sediment slurry and culture studies will dete ar microbial diversity. tidal mesocosm, sediment slurry and culture studies will determine pote of carbohydrate breakdown and shifts in microbial activity in response to carbohydrate inputs. |
13605 | 4 | or plant cell walls represent key nano-scale components for reinforcing new biomaterials. carb
synthesis, nanostructure and mechanical function to foster ideas for nanostructured hydrogels a petrochemical-based materials in larger scale applications such as functional textiles or struc ntire life cycle, from bioproduction in nature, bioprocessing for manufacture and recycling or |
13454 | 1 | and n-release in the baltic sea. small-scale c- and n-fluxes associated with the different n2-
|
14612 | 23 | to predict the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change and to understand their ro
e response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change and to understand their role in the glob to understand their role in the global carbon cycle. two major aspects of climate change are t obal carbon cycle. two major aspects of climate change are the increase in mean global temperat change are the increase in mean global temperature and changes in precipitation patters. one o mean global temperature and changes in precipitation patters. one of the most vulnerable regio . one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change is the mediterranean basin. several mode eral models predict not only changes in precipitation patters but also a reduction in the amoun s but also a reduction in the amount of precipitation in these areas. this would be of particul f particular risk for arid and semiarid ecosystems such as those in the province of almeria whe e which are the factors controlling the productivity of these ecosystems and the seasonal, annu s controlling the productivity of these ecosystems and the seasonal, annual and interannual var , annual and interannual variability of ecosystem fluxes. we will investigate aspects related t we will investigate aspects related to vegetation and soil such as plant biomass, spatial vari etation and soil such as plant biomass, spatial variability, and carbon stocks. furthermore, we plant biomass, spatial variability, and carbon stocks. furthermore, we will study soil respirat rbon stocks. furthermore, we will study soil respiration and the response of soil respiration a dy soil respiration and the response of soil respiration and ecosystem fluxes to summer rainfal nd the response of soil respiration and ecosystem fluxes to summer rainfall events in order to rmining the sink and source capacity at ecosystem level. finally, we will integrate these data to describe the processes of water and carbon balances and to predict their response to change ables that control them under different climate change scenarios. at the same time, we will exp iables that reflect possible changes in carbon stocks and fluxes not only erosion factors. |
10939 | 2 | changes in global carbon pools and changes in palaeoredox will be investi
with sedimentology, faunal range data, sediment geochemistry and framboid size analysis to rec |
12717 | 4 | ng of suitable guidelines, criteria and indicators, for maximising the benefits of finance for
ts of finance for redd efforts to wider environment objectives. the successful contractor will successful contractor will undertake a review of existing and planned redd mechanisms to ident ify known and potential co-benefits for environment. they will identify any gaps in the deliver |
11297 | 5 | mediated by infaunal invertebrates. the efficiency of this process has important implications f
nutrient and element recycling. benthic carbon mineralization represents the biogeochemical and cal and biological conditions of marine ecosystems and can be readily measured. ultimately, the he fraction of material retained in the sediment record versus being degraded, regulates the co d environments in estimates for coastal carbon turn over. |
201 | 21 | n the atmosphere, which leads to global climate warming. it is very important, globally and reg
mosphere, which leads to global climate warming. it is very important, globally and regionally, , to reduce co2 emission and to balance carbon budget in the atmosphere. for inhibiting the inc n the concentration atmospheric co2 and climate changes, more attention should be paid both to g of co2 emission but also to extensive carbon sequestration. for this reason, during the last during the last decade accumulation of carbon in different ecosystems, including forests, has ade accumulation of carbon in different ecosystems, including forests, has been an actual topic estimation of the potential ability of carbon accumulation of forests in various regions, howe in aims of the proposed project are: to model growth of silver birch stands growing at fertile s of the proposed project are: to model growth of silver birch stands growing at fertile sites. ung silver birch stands may have higher productivity than it is assumed and yield tables for bi bles for birch may show lower values of growth and yield, specially at fertile sites. also our growing at fertile site proceeding from carbon accumulation capacity and to provide recommendat this project will improve knowledge of development and formation of birch stand as an ecosyste ment and formation of birch stand as an ecosystem. the importance for estonian science lies in ledge about the role of birch stands in carbon accumulation. research findings associated with findings associated with formation and development of birch stands and their carbon sequestrat d development of birch stands and their carbon sequestration potential can be considered novel d novel information. new data about the growth and yield of silver birch stands are of essentia tance and will improve the precision of growth models. since nowadays management and planning o n a computer system, by using different growth models, the results obtained from proposed proje |
7663 | 6 | . the mineralization of the nitrogen will be followed in parallel to the solubiliza
rallel to the solubilization of organic nitrogen in the soil water, by measuring the isotopic c 1 draft a publication on the historical evolution of the isotopic composition measurements for hed on the qualitative and quantitative evolution of turnover of organic matter with depth - st d quantitative evolution of turnover of organic matter with depth - step 3 2010-2011 samples an nfluence of land use on the turnover of organic matter |
14873 | 11 | oagropas has as main aim to analyze how climate and land-use changes interact on agro-pastoral
d-use changes interact on agro-pastoral ecosystems in the iberian peninsula at different spatia ales, modifying their ability to retain nutrients and store soil carbon. results from the previ r ability to retain nutrients and store soil carbon. results from the previous project carbopas les. more detailed studies at the local scale and more specific at the regional scale are neede scale and more specific at the regional scale are needed to confirm the meaning of the patterns ting database on c content in grassland ecosystems through the use of altitudinal/climatic grad ulation will be analyzed in detail. the complexity of the proposed topic, and the fact that man of the above trophic web, recommend the development of the project by a multidisciplinary team, will be useful beyond the agro-pastoral ecosystems, which in this context would be model system systems, which in this context would be model systems to test hypotheses on the c cycle, its re |
14874 | 11 | oagropas has as main aim to analyze how climate and land-use changes interact on agro-pastoral
d-use changes interact on agro-pastoral ecosystems in the iberian peninsula at different spatia ales, modifying their ability to retain nutrients and store soil carbon. results from the previ r ability to retain nutrients and store soil carbon. results from the previous project carbopas les. more detailed studies at the local scale and more specific at the regional scale are neede scale and more specific at the regional scale are needed to confirm the meaning of the patterns ting database on c content in grassland ecosystems through the use of altitudinal/climatic grad ulation will be analyzed in detail. the complexity of the proposed topic, and the fact that man of the above trophic web, recommend the development of the project by a multidisciplinary team, will be useful beyond the agro-pastoral ecosystems, which in this context would be model system systems, which in this context would be model systems to test hypotheses on the c cycle, its re |
10243 | 4 | study is to follow the incorporation of carbon at the sourhope soil biodiversity field site fro
iodiversity field site from atmospheric carbon dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organ n dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organic matter. this will be achieved through the versity interact to control the fate of carbon in the soil. the project will involve a multi-di |
11005 | 4 | study is to follow the incorporation of carbon at the sourhope soil biodiversity field site fro
iodiversity field site from atmospheric carbon dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organ n dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organic matter. this will be achieved through the versity interact to control the fate of carbon in the soil. the project will involve a multi-di |
11216 | 4 | study is to follow the incorporation of carbon at the sourhope soil biodiversity field site fro
iodiversity field site from atmospheric carbon dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organ n dioxide, through the soil fauna, into soil organic matter. this will be achieved through the versity interact to control the fate of carbon in the soil. the project will involve a multi-di |
15527 | 2 | important components of the continental carbon ; and numerical modeling in order to integrate t
the continental carbon ; and numerical modeling in order to integrate the knowledge generated |
15528 | 2 | important components of the continental carbon ; and numerical modeling in order to integrate t
the continental carbon ; and numerical modeling in order to integrate the knowledge generated |
14118 | 26 | changes in climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and d
changes in climate, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and disturbance regimes ha in it. it is expected, that with future climate change the frequencies, intensities and severit turbance processes and the responses of ecosystems to disturbances. fire is one of the most imp in boreal forest. forest fires and the recovery from there are important regional carbon stora overy from there are important regional carbon storage because carbon lost in fires has a subst portant regional carbon storage because carbon lost in fires has a substantial contribution to a substantial contribution to regional carbon budgets. the main aim of the study is to evaluat the changes in the size and quality of soil carbon and nitrogen pools after forest fires. the the size and quality of soil carbon and nitrogen pools after forest fires. the topic is very ti ry timely since deeper understanding on soil carbon stocks and its underlying processes is urge o fill our gaps of understanding on the ecosystem carbon cycle in the changing climate. soil is gaps of understanding on the ecosystem carbon cycle in the changing climate. soil is the large ecosystem carbon cycle in the changing climate. soil is the largest stock of organic carbon, b e. soil is the largest stock of organic carbon, but the related processes changing soil organic bon, but the related processes changing soil organic matter quality and its pool distribution a oil organic matter quality and its pool distribution are still poorly understood. simulations w poorly understood. simulations with the model microforest, that combines a process based forest process based forest photosynthesis and growth model to below-ground processes such as: soil or based forest photosynthesis and growth model to below-ground processes such as: soil organic m odel to below-ground processes such as: soil organic matter decomposition, turnover of carbon c processes such as: soil organic matter decomposition, turnover of carbon compounds of differen ganic matter decomposition, turnover of carbon compounds of different chemical fractions, soil s of different chemical fractions, soil nitrogen/protein pools, root and rhizosphere respiratio gen/protein pools, root and rhizosphere respiration and exudation of recent photosynthates thro ith help of field measurements data the model will be improved. |
2124 | 11 | ng time been interested in how negative plant-animal interactions, such as herbivory and seed p
tive plant-animal interactions, such as herbivory and seed predation affect the population dyna mal interactions, such as herbivory and seed predation affect the population dynamics of plant herbivory and seed predation affect the population dynamics of plant species, their distributio lation dynamics of plant species, their distribution on small and large spatial scales, and the and large spatial scales, and the plant community species composition and diversity. positive p y little attention with regard to plant population dynamics and absolutely no empirical attenti mpirical attention with regard to plant community composition and diversity. this lack of atten vably play a fundamental role for plant community composition and diversity through their contr sity through their contribution to seed production of animal-pollinated plant species. the cent to assess how the species diversity and abundance of bumblebees within the pollinator assemblag |
10891 | 7 | effort in recent years to determine how ecosystems are affected by species loss. most of these
consequences for the functioning of the ecosystem e.g. the amount of plant biomass produced. th iment will determine whether changes in predator species number propagate through the food chai ivore species number, or the pattern of distribution of herbivores on different host plants, af the propagation of effects through the food web. the experiment will reveal novel information on about the effects of species loss on ecosystems and the mechanisms by which these effects oc ement of insect species in agricultural ecosystems. |
12710 | 3 | e application of theoretical models and climate change adaptation principles in the landscape a
icality and value of proposed landscape scale adaptation measures on the basis of practical exp at will enable biodiversity to adapt to climate change. •to provide a short best practice guida |
12723 | 3 | e application of theoretical models and climate change adaptation principles in the landscape a
icality and value of proposed landscape scale adaptation measures on the basis of practical exp at will enable biodiversity to adapt to climate change. •to provide a short best practice guida |
12481 | 3 | ished in december 2004. the sustainable development strategy published in march 2005 also ident
ions international work programme, the ‘millennium ecosystem assessment, not only recognised th ecisions must also take into account an ecosystem-based approach can be developed and built int |
12480 | 22 | ecosystems are natural resources that provide people wi
scape, recreation space. the concept of ecosystem services has been developed internationally b eloped internationally by the millenium ecosystem assessment, supported by the global environme tem assessment, supported by the global environment facility and the united nations environment ronment facility and the united nations environment programme, among others. defras natural env programme, among others. defras natural environment programme has already undertaken considerab or example on developing inventories of ecosystem services, understanding environmental limits g environmental limits and valuation of ecosystem services. the purpose of this project, howeve ect, however, is to assess the types of ecosystem services provided within a particular case st area selected is kent thameside, a key development area of the thames gateway growth area with development area of the thames gateway growth area within the governments sustainable communit s of brownfield and use of a specialist modelling software tool called stella, which provides a with spatial data analysis provided by gis. the case study, therefore, will enable the explora impacts of different policy options on ecosystem services, or impact of development on local e ons on ecosystem services, or impact of development on local ecosystem services. in doing so it ices, or impact of development on local ecosystem services. in doing so it should provide for a for a much better understanding of the nature of ecosystem services provided by the green grid h better understanding of the nature of ecosystem services provided by the green grid and their ssex and medway, but also for other key growth areas under the governments sustainable communit e a means of integrating the concept of ecosystem services into existing land use planning fram g frameworks, for example through local development frameworks, regional spatial strategies and sustainability appraisal. importantly, ecosystem services provide a different conceptual appro |
2154 | 7 | d archipelago and are replaced by total dominance of a carpet of silty turf algae. this event h
ly to be involved in the observed large-scale shift in vegetation. it will be difficult to find ed in the observed large-scale shift in vegetation. it will be difficult to find or test what a to study processes of importance for re-growth and restoration of the sugar kelp forests in ord be achieved by experimental studies of recruitment, growth and competition in the laboratory w by experimental studies of recruitment, growth and competition in the laboratory where the envi ntal studies of recruitment, growth and competition in the laboratory where the environmental c |
14928 | 9 | may alter inter-species interaction and ecosystem functions. therefore, the understanding of de
rch area of international programmes on global change. the main questions posed by these progra ith causes of species invasivity and of ecosystem invasibility, together with consequences of b he first question; however, many of the biological traits posed as predictors of the invasivene regions. regarding the vulnerability of ecosystems to be invaded, literature shows that environ this proposal are: 1 to assess certain traits of plant species, which can be easily obtained f ogical pattern differs from the average phenology of the local community may successfully occup from the average phenology of the local community may successfully occupy non-saturated tempora djustment of native plants to the local environment and create opportunities for alien plants t |
2538 | 4 | fitness, is the major force for causing evolution of phenotypic characters. in spite of its imp
opulations are subject to a fluctuating environment. here we examine the relationship between t ioship is likely if fluctuations in the environment produce large temporal variation in phenoty age structure. here we will use a novel modelling framework based on the concept of the total r |
11338 | 2 | en suggested as driving the ecology and evolution of their host species. however, the reasons w
parasites for driving host ecology and evolution, and in addition give us understanding of why |
10687 | 13 | throughout its history, the climate on earth has fluctuated from episodes of extens
ifferent conditions may appear, earth s climate has nevertheless remained within the bounds tha nious mechanisms that help regulate its climate so that it never becomes too hot, or too cold, of continental rocks, burial of organic carbon, and changes in the flora of the oceans and cont sually takes many millions of years for climate to shift to either generally warmer conditions sands of years before recovering to pre-warming levels. in geological terms, these episodes las these sudden episodes of severe global warming coincided with so-called mass extinctions when million years ago and resulted in major growth of the antarctic ice sheet. this episode is one arine sediments as proxies for seawater temperature, continental weathering rate, and so on. by a slice of time, we can then infer how temperature and weathering have varied over this interv ering have varied over this interval. a succession of sedimentary rocks known as the monterey f ate, high-resolution timescale for this succession through the use of a built-in astronomical c predicting the future course of earth s climate. a further objective is to obtain reliable info |
10356 | 2 | inbreeding depression. it suggests that development and physiology must be considered explicitl
arative microscopy of male reproductive function, aligned with qtl analysis, will be used to un |
14792 | 4 | seed size is a key life history trait in plants. until recently, this trai
in space and in time due to direct and indirect effects of the climatic and structural variabi bility in seed size variability confers resistance to global change, either climatic or due to size variability confers resistance to global change, either climatic or due to changes in lan |
2085 | 8 | density-dependent regulation of mortality in winter, an
density-dependent regulation of mortality in winter, and inf1uences of climatic and hab winter, and inf1uences of climatic and habitat quality on fecundity are central processes in t fecundity are central processes in the population dynamics of ungulates in northern environmen use data gathered at a large geographic scale, will be used to answer the following questions: al variability and variation individual life history influence the growth rate and production o n individual life history influence the growth rate and production of herds, and thus the optim e history influence the growth rate and production of herds, and thus the optimal harv esting s |
10731 | 17 | nimal species, bigger is better. larger body size reduces the risk of being consumed by predato
e reduces the risk of being consumed by predators, and can also lead to an increase in the numb te these apparent benefits of increased body size, mounting evidence suggests that most organis significant costs associated with rapid growth. compensatory growth provides a useful means to ociated with rapid growth. compensatory growth provides a useful means to study these potential viduals that have undergone a period of growth compensation tend to display reduced swimming pe for this trade-off between compensatory growth and impaired swimming ability is not understood. ndividual variation in the compensatory growth response in fishes, and the extent to which the redict the consequences of compensatory growth for the survival and reproductive success of ind ood availability due to factors such as climate change. the proposed research will examine musc e muscle fibre structure, biochemistry, metabolism, and swim performance in individual fish to s responsible for the trade-off between growth rate and swim performance. additional laboratory e performed to examine the influence of predator presence on individual variation in the growth presence on individual variation in the growth response, and also to study the consequences of study the consequences of compensatory growth for individual risk-taking behaviour and reprodu tigate the implications of variation in growth rate for individual fitness. overall, this inter tic underpinnings of the costs of rapid growth in fish, and also the consequences of this trade |
10015 | 2 | ties. many prey protect themselves from predators by investment in repellent secondary defences
warning signals, signal mimicry and the evolution of secondary defences. |
9910 | 2 | ties. many prey protect themselves from predators by investment in repellent secondary defences
warning signals, signal mimicry and the evolution of secondary defences. |
14819 | 6 | affects the quality of the terrestrial ecosystems and consequently, its biodiversity loss. thi
iodiversity and its implications on the ecosystems functioning. topics of current interest are hat determines the biodiversity in some ecosystems. some authors consider that in order to reha g of the organic material, to introduce energy that could maintain the soilsystem, and in such soil biodiversity and could affect the ecosystem functioning. the main target of this project ntation: effects of soil degradation on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity |
10236 | 4 | re is very little information about the vegetation and climate of sundaland during the last ice
le information about the vegetation and climate of sundaland during the last ice age, with no i therefore improve our understanding and modelling of global climate changes in the past and pro r understanding and modelling of global climate changes in the past and provide vital informati |
9812 | 4 | re is very little information about the vegetation and climate of sundaland during the last ice
le information about the vegetation and climate of sundaland during the last ice age, with no i therefore improve our understanding and modelling of global climate changes in the past and pro r understanding and modelling of global climate changes in the past and provide vital informati |
14273 | 2 | e in the global biogeochemical cycle of carbon and its perturbations. there remain, however, la
concerning the uptake of anthropogenic carbon by the ocean, mainly due to insufficient knowled |
7671 | 3 | edrus will be predicted using different climate scenarios and sensitivity tests. the models pro
erable and where potential new suitable habitat may develop with climate change. the models out l new suitable habitat may develop with climate change. the models output will play a central r |
13749 | 4 | microbial communities for recalcitrant organic matter formation and nutrient turnover in soils
r in soils under different scenarios of nitrogen sequestration, and fertilization, including n osed as a mean to sequester c in forest ecosystems. however, on a longer term increased n input nt environmental scenarios. on a larger scale, we will use a network of sites in northern europ |
13848 | 5 | in the baltic sea. in the wake of large-scale consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem proce
scale consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem processes in the great lakes after invasion o stable isotope analysis of the pelagic food web suggest that trophic position of herring in th ral role of this species in the pelagic food web, this implies that the invasion by cercopagis by cercopagis has resulted in a general food web change. to provide essential information for r |
15267 | 6 | cover 95% of the canary islands marine ecosystem. however, little is known about the biologic
dental islands. cetacean are considered indicator species in the marine ecosystem due to their sidered indicator species in the marine ecosystem due to their position as top-predators in the ecosystem due to their position as top-predators in the trhophic net and to their life history dators in the trhophic net and to their life history. the occidental canary islands are home to ess their possible incorporation to the nature 200 network. in this context, it is important th |
12642 | 3 | mprehensive estimates of common dolphin abundance in offshore european atlantic waters. abundan
e in offshore european atlantic waters. abundance will also be estimated for other delphinid sp ided dolphin and striped-dolphin. these abundance estimates together with those from will enabl |
12661 | 1 | ill lead to better understanding of the nature and extent and of cetacean strandings which in t
|
12309 | 3 | ed threats from diseases as a result of climate change, which will bring milder, wetter winters
ance of arable crop disease control for climate change mitigation . crop disease control for climate change mitigation . |
10788 | 12 | ortant natural laboratory for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital
ry for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital that the biological cha a combination of the simplicity of its ecosystems, which exhibit restricted species diversity ricted species diversity and food chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurri od chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurring at approximately twice the r rch will develop novel experimental and modelling techniques to find out the importance in anta in antarctic soils of specific forms of nitrogen. in addition, we want to find out whether thes find out whether these forms of organic nitrogen are available to microbes and plants, and whet microbes and plants, and whether global warming will alter the nitrogen dynamics of antarctic s d whether global warming will alter the nitrogen dynamics of antarctic soils. we hypothesize th k directly underpins policy relating to climate change and biodiversity in polar regions. the w remely relevant to many other low-input ecosystems around the world . |
10804 | 12 | ortant natural laboratory for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital
ry for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital that the biological cha a combination of the simplicity of its ecosystems, which exhibit restricted species diversity ricted species diversity and food chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurri od chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurring at approximately twice the r rch will develop novel experimental and modelling techniques to find out the importance in anta in antarctic soils of specific forms of nitrogen. in addition, we want to find out whether thes find out whether these forms of organic nitrogen are available to microbes and plants, and whet microbes and plants, and whether global warming will alter the nitrogen dynamics of antarctic s d whether global warming will alter the nitrogen dynamics of antarctic soils. we hypothesize th k directly underpins policy relating to climate change and biodiversity in polar regions. the w remely relevant to many other low-input ecosystems around the world . |
12014 | 14 | objectives ecosystem effects of fishing are well described . the r
cts of fishing are well described . the resistance of communities to environmental modification ntal modifications such as those due to climate change could then be altered. changes in the co hes of fisheries are explained by these ecosystem effects , but also by the exploitation strate multi-decadal changes of the ecological community-fishery system, the key ecological and econom guyana. results despite contrasted mean temperature regimes, a 1°c sea surface warming was obse temperature regimes, a 1°c sea surface warming was observed during the last two decades. chang two decades. changes of the ground-fish community structure were observed and interpreted as co eted as combined effects of fishing and warming in the bay of biscay and guyana cases. greater ed by heavier exploitation and/or lower resistance of the low diversity system as compared to g e changes observed in the south-morroco community could be attributed only to fishing impacts a riability of the upwelling may hide the warming effects. facing ecosystem effects of fishing an ng may hide the warming effects. facing ecosystem effects of fishing and of climate change, the ing ecosystem effects of fishing and of climate change, the studied fisheries were able to part |
440 | 9 | biological traits are assumed to control the distributi
gical traits are assumed to control the distribution of species across environmental gradients esis at a large geographic and specific scale, we developed a data base, plantraits, with which one of the 61 individual and population traits currently defined in plantraits, taken on 2685 s g which 45% are tropical species. those traits were measured at one or more of 319 locations wo potential proxys of uneasily accessible traits such as leaf thickness to include plantraits in ata bases, including worldwide bases of climate and soil properties. this will contribute to th ncluding worldwide bases of climate and soil properties. this will contribute to the emerging f relationships between plants and their environment. |
528 | 2 | is phenomenon is the consequence of the intensification of agriculture on an important area of
systems co-exist with various stages of environment closures. furthermore, the grasslands there |
12656 | 1 | analysis of the species composition and abundance of breeding birds in urban and suburban housi
|
11294 | 3 | the issue of carbon field experiment at the moor house national natu
d experiment at the moor house national nature reserve, northern england, with various grazing burning treatments. we will manipulate vegetation of different management systems to test how |
11305 | 3 | summary the issue of carbon field experiment at the moor house national natu
d experiment at the moor house national nature reserve, northern england, with various grazing burning treatments. we will manipulate vegetation of different management systems to test how |
14949 | 5 | ulations. we want to see the effects of precipitation changes on soil respiration and soil carb
the effects of precipitation changes on soil respiration and soil carbon accumulation, and rela itation changes on soil respiration and soil carbon accumulation, and relate these changes to m the us and the arctic. but, apart that vegetation responses would be very different from medit ld be very different from mediterranean ecosystems, very few scientists have attempted to manip |
15388 | 7 | despite semi-arid ecosystems occupy globally a wide extension of the land
the land surface, the studies examining function in relation with global change in this type of ies examining function in relation with global change in this type of ecosystems are relatively tion with global change in this type of ecosystems are relatively scarce. one of the most inter ing and intriguing aspects of semi-arid ecosystems is the role that biological soil crusts the f semi-arid ecosystems is the role that biological soil crusts the intrinsic variability of the g-rewetting cycles in stipa tenaccisima ecosystems at the center of the iberian peninsula. |
14875 | 1 | biodiversity will be examined along the chronosequence.
|
7150 | 10 | nd sorghum are the staple food and main energy food source for populations of sahelian countrie
of sahelian countries like niger. agro ecosystems in this country are exposed to profound chan varieties. no precise study on a larger scale on the development of agro-biodiversity of millet precise study on a larger scale on the development of agro-biodiversity of millet and sorghum ing to varieties, the cropping systems, climate and soil conditions and demographic, entries co • identify factors that influenced this development: physical and biotic environment, human env d this development: physical and biotic environment, human environment. this project is first b physical and biotic environment, human environment. this project is first based on data and pl hat of data characterizing the physical environment and bio-economic, will interpret any variat ght of changes in the natural and human environment |
14175 | 6 | the stratigraphic record. knowledge of habitat preferences of taxa, general distribution patte
of habitat preferences of taxa, general distribution pattern of ecological assemblages of fauna cation in time and space, and trends in abundance and diversity variations provides information thologically, these strata consist of a succession of quite homogeneous more or less calcareous y high sea level. still, we assume that sedimentation in the baltic silurian palaeobasin was no only we think that they still affected distribution of faunas and can be traced via detailed s |
6945 | 4 | f the study is to reveal the population density and biodiversity of microbial communities inhab
tivity affected habitats. examining the abundance of microorganisms in the uncovered and differ ck surfaces, revealing the phylogenetic distribution and the potential metabolic activities of icrobial communities can also be a good indicator of degradation of karst environments due to h |
10499 | 1 | ization, gene expression and phenotypic evolution, we will compare these processes in both natu
|
10699 | 1 | ization, gene expression and phenotypic evolution, we will compare these processes in both natu
|
7156 | 5 | ar place are those that have functional biological traits values compatible with the constrai
ble with the constraints imposed by the environment, and these are the functional characteristi untered and the characteristics of many biological traits is an essential step to test this hyp lyzable form, quantified information on functional traits variations of herbaceous and woody sp contrasting climates of regions on the evolution of plant communities and provide in significa |
11062 | 4 | c, due in part to the poor survival and recovery of fish remains, the processing of marine food
alia or other related artefacts. stable carbon and nitrogen isotope signals for marine foods im er related artefacts. stable carbon and nitrogen isotope signals for marine foods imprinted in temporary peoples were exploiting their environment. where longer sequences of occupation exist |
10349 | 4 | how increased biomass and rates of tree mortality and recruitment - but the underlying drivers
biomass and rates of tree mortality and recruitment - but the underlying drivers of these chang orest plots, integrate it with soil and climate data, then creatively use this data to identify f changing dynamics on biodiversity and climate change |
11786 | 4 | how increased biomass and rates of tree mortality and recruitment - but the underlying drivers
biomass and rates of tree mortality and recruitment - but the underlying drivers of these chang orest plots, integrate it with soil and climate data, then creatively use this data to identify f changing dynamics on biodiversity and climate change. |
11463 | 6 | water salinities and we hypothesis that salinity and temperature interact to allow these organi
ies and we hypothesis that salinity and temperature interact to allow these organisms to surviv der varying salinities and temperatures growth of these groups of isolates to determine the int es to determine the interactive role of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may ne the interactive role of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may help explain le of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may help explain the presence of arch |
11802 | 6 | water salinities and we hypothesis that salinity and temperature interact to allow these organi
ies and we hypothesis that salinity and temperature interact to allow these organisms to surviv der varying salinities and temperatures growth of these groups of isolates to determine the int es to determine the interactive role of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may ne the interactive role of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may help explain le of salinity and temperature on their growth. this work may help explain the presence of arch |
11013 | 4 | tions between biogeochemical cycling of carbon and water in semi-arid regions of the western u.
s is that biogenic emission of reactive carbon gases from plants and soil, and wind transport o nuclei bacteria, fungal spores, pollen, leaf litter , and in derived from bacterial decompositi litter , and in derived from bacterial decomposition of these particles. biological in are par |
11461 | 2 | oflim grown cells can induce antibiotic production in planktonic cells. compounds released from
llus pumilus can also induce antibiotic production in b. licheniformis cell suspensions. we wil |
9937 | 2 | oflim grown cells can induce antibiotic production in planktonic cells. compounds released from
llus pumilus can also induce antibiotic production in b. licheniformis cell suspensions. we wil |
12514 | 5 | ble, food processing and manufacturing, distribution and retailing. the supply chain in each se
re blocking market entry, operation and development. this will identiy topics for targeted case barriers to market entry, operation and development in each sector will be identified by consid entified by considering factors such as production capability, processing and manufacturing cap processing and manufacturing capacity, distribution, consumption, the retail market and access |
11476 | 6 | oth produced and consumed in the marine environment. we have recently isolated a number of nove
mebr-degrading bacteria from the marine environment. these bacteria grow on mebr and related co sms in cycling of methyl halides in the environment and our knowledge of the mechanisms of meth anisms for the breakdown of mebr in the environment, we propose to characterise these new mebr in order to assess their potential for development of commercial biotransformation processes u wide range of halogenated substrates in oxygen electrode and gas chromatography experiments. if |
10743 | 2 | ontinue the measurement of organic n in precipitation across the uk, using the new protocols fo
inorganic n deposition as ammonium and nitrate. |
11755 | 2 | ontinue the measurement of organic n in precipitation across the uk, using the new protocols fo
inorganic n deposition as ammonium and nitrate. |
9974 | 2 | ontinue the measurement of organic n in precipitation across the uk, using the new protocols fo
inorganic n deposition as ammonium and nitrate. |
12185 | 6 | at may threaten the achievement of agri-environment scheme objectives in england and wales. the
grasslands and to identify and evaluate mitigation methods that will enhance the ability of agr s that will enhance the ability of agri-environment schemes to meet their objectives. in the fi meadows; fields within and without agri-environment schemes and biodiversity. the findings will d a final report on the plot- and field-scale experiments, including an assessment of the ecolo cal information that could underpin the production of a technical advice note on soil compactio |
10228 | 3 | heoretically, the introduction into any environment of a pair of sexually reproducing animals d
introduction. outputs will include the production of predictive models of processes essential n current preventative, remediation and mitigation techniques of alien species in the uk and be |
11625 | 4 | of its occurrence and extent require a model of erodibility. erodibility is difficult to estim
easily be applied over several scales. remote sensing data has tackled these scaling issues wi ablish a physical basis between surface soil properties including roughness and bi-directional tra and to develop the applicability of remote sensing data for wind erosion models. |
13465 | 8 | levels of biodiversity and agricultural production through its role in plant pollination. howev
luding pathogens, biological invasions, climate change and pollution. honeybees, and the plants ubspecies becoming adapted to its local environment. more recently, the management of colonies d in artificial selection for desirable traits. our goal is to uncover the molecular basis of t to uncover the molecular basis of these traits, such as cold adaptation and gentleness. to achi echnology. we will then scan these fine-scale patterns of genetic variation for the characteris e genetic variation underlying adaptive traits could be crucial in maintaining them in the face uable for studying honeybee ecology and evolution. |
13359 | 3 | forage crops to be grown very variable climate and soil conditions are required both rehabilit
marginal areas especially for providing nitrogen to soil, improving soil texture and supplying for various agronomic and morphological traits for the further breeding studies |
14514 | 3 | ys one of the priorities of sustainable development. in this sense, among many options, the dev
in this sense, among many options, the development of strategies of ex situ reproduction for s n danger of extinction. related to this model, germoplasm banks . |
1096 | 3 | index will be calculated. at slaughter ph45 will be measured and from right side, sample joint
ing determinations will be carried out: ph; colour will be carried out. the results of these an ducts will be submitted to organoleptic evaluation by trained panel. the results will be analys |
15217 | 8 | characterization of the extreme acidic ecosystem of rio tinto to generate an operative model o
m of rio tinto to generate an operative model of a unique environment, in which not only the bi generate an operative model of a unique environment, in which not only the biological diversity nent group has a vast experience in the model of study and masters most of the methodologies re t of the methodologies required for the development of the project. the results obtained during roject. the results obtained during the development of the grant cgl2006-02534, more than 40 pu blications, back up the interest of the model and the convenience of a deeper characterization nce of a deeper characterization of the ecosystem and the search for possible applications. |
14749 | 5 | ematic study of the tinto river extreme ecosystem with the aim to generate a functional model i
m with the aim to generate a functional model in which not only the biological diversity is con 2-02148, which is in its final stage of development, and contains the extension of several obje f the experience accumulated during its development. the project is multidisciplinary and has t ent fases underline the interest of the model system and the convenience of its extension. |
15181 | 1 | t affects pyrenean chamois populations. mortality associated to this virus has reached values a
|
7501 | 2 | heavily involved in relations with the environment. the second objective is the search for rel
ionships between these polymorphisms or classification resulting in clean and adaptive characte |
15334 | 1 | asteraceae , who proposed a predictive model for gen s diversity in steady panmictic populatio
|
7510 | 3 | of methods for the characterization and classification of isolates obtained from geographically
nt hydrothermal sites. because of their abundance in these ecosystems and their biotechnologica es. because of their abundance in these ecosystems and their biotechnological interest, the ord |
7384 | 1 | yze the microsatellite polymorphism and evolution compared, in time, in space, in that they are
|
7625 | 12 | not take into account the architectural complexity of the root system of trees. so we will ende
o evaluate the effects of architectural traits of interest for soil reinforcement and integrate nt and integrate these effects in slope stability models. the approach is based on the embodime ping digital models ground roots at the scale of the tree; 3. the implementation of a digital e esign to quantify the influence of root traits on soil resistance; 4- integration of these resu fy the influence of root traits on soil resistance; 4- integration of these results in a slope integration of these results in a slope stability scale model of a catchment. the use of vegeta n of these results in a slope stability scale model of a catchment. the use of vegetation, espe hese results in a slope stability scale model of a catchment. the use of vegetation, especially scale model of a catchment. the use of vegetation, especially forest ecosystems, with a view t he use of vegetation, especially forest ecosystems, with a view to ensuring a protective functi s, with a view to ensuring a protective function against various natural hazards in the mountai |
14588 | 3 | ura are in precarious state, due to low ph and soil development, under extreme temperature and
recarious state, due to low ph and soil development, under extreme temperature and drought. mor ph and soil development, under extreme temperature and drought. more than 80 olive varieties e |
157 | 12 | the aim of the project is to describe distribution of charophytes in estonian coastal areas o
his group of algae in the total flux of energy and matter of the coastal ecosystem. being a qui lux of energy and matter of the coastal ecosystem. being a quite unique and small group of macr caused mainly by taxonomic problems and development peculiarities of charophyte species . evalu t peculiarities of charophyte species . evaluation of production and growth rates of different s of charophyte species . evaluation of production and growth rates of different charophyte spe species . evaluation of production and growth rates of different charophyte species in relatio to different environmental conditions. evaluation of importance of grazing on development of c evaluation of importance of grazing on development of charophyte community. evaluation of rege of grazing on development of charophyte community. evaluation of regeneration ability of charop on development of charophyte community. evaluation of regeneration ability of charophyte commun n of regeneration ability of charophyte community after mechanical damage . |
14858 | 1 | guide to contributors, there is a wide heterogeneity among the contributions from different au
|
12404 | 3 | summary objective: to review existing research and techniques, fill knowledge
mical hazards and impacts in the marine environment. this will be in 5 modules; passive samplin the impacts of chemicals in the marine environment remains a priority issue for defra as part |
15147 | 12 | are limited, as is the case in aquatic ecosystems. furthermore, aquatic environments are condu
ng chemical information. thus, in those ecosystems, chemicals cues often mediate the communicat which use chemical information from the environment for behavioral decision making related to f ing, reproduction and the assessment of predator risk. in particular, recent experimental and f tes and vertebrates, show specific anti-predator responses to chemical alarm cues emitted by pr onses to chemical alarm cues emitted by predators. recent studies have also demonstrated the im ffects whereby chemical cues emitted by predators influence prey to use different habitats, for evels or otherwise alter their foraging behavior. therefore, chemical predator recognition may foraging behavior. therefore, chemical predator recognition may elicit avoidance responses tha of this project are: 1 to explore anti-predator mechanisms of detection and responses of two p trout that are responsible of the anti-predator behavior observed in their prey. at are responsible of the anti-predator behavior observed in their prey. |
13530 | 5 | pite being fundamental to phytoplankton growth, increased availability of inorganic nutrients c
th, increased availability of inorganic nutrients cannot fully account for the formation of man dinoflagellate blooms. relative maximal growth rate is generally lower for dinoflagellates than ates are generally poor competitors for nutrients. despite this, dinoflagellates constitute one neering results on grazer-induced toxin production in dinoflagellates through the identificatio |
10478 | 2 | of speciation involves the progressive evolution of reproductive isolation between divergent p
ected loci. population genomics and qtl mapping approaches have recently contributed significan |
11703 | 2 | of speciation involves the progressive evolution of reproductive isolation between divergent p
ected loci. population genomics and qtl mapping approaches have recently contributed significan |
10316 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
10551 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
10781 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
11308 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
11568 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
11828 | 6 | opose an analysis of the chemosynthetic ecosystems in antarctica south of the polar front. we w
on comprise: those associated with high-temperature, bare-rock hydrothermal vents isis to dive haracterise the biological and physical environment surrounding vent and seep sites identified eography of species, and understand the food web processes. our programme will determine whethe t isolated of chemosynthetically-driven ecosystems, is driven by oceanographic or tectonic proc s, instead, host to completely isolated evolution. |
12365 | 2 | ide a tool that combines an appropriate modelling platform regarding chemical spills in marine
gical impacts relevant to the uk marine environment and fisheries interests in the event of a c |
15320 | 7 | et of the trophic chain and the flow of energy of the ecosystem. the main purpose of this proje
hic chain and the flow of energy of the ecosystem. the main purpose of this project of basic re nse of the microalgae, to situations of stress provoked by the presence of sublethal concentrat hal concentrations of herbicides in the environment. the immediate response of a species widely of a species widely used as biological model will be studied to the situation of stress provok del will be studied to the situation of stress provoked for triazine-type herbicides. there wil en applied in our laboratory during the development of previous projects, but in addition one t |
14316 | 3 | in the late 70s while strong signals of climate changes were noted can be of use for representi
pagation of v. cholerae in a freshwater environment. the possible links with climate change and er environment. the possible links with climate change and global indices could help in designi |
6866 | 12 | he basis of the database of the project mapping the flora of hungary distribution map of 2000 s
he project mapping the flora of hungary distribution map of 2000 species will be completed foll owing the grid system of the project of mapping the flora of central europe. no such a detailed closing up the hungarian botany to the mapping project executed in several countries in europe l countries in europe will be possible. distribution maps prepared to analyze the nation-wide l ic factors and the actual and potential vegetation. connection between the flora - potential ve onnection between the flora - potential vegetation - climatic and edaphic factors will be analy the relative ecological and naturalness indicator values, will be analyzed how truthfully the n rofessional botanic, landscape history, nature conservation, geographic utilization, furthermor in forestry, agriculture and practical nature conservation. in the view of botany the results c information and relation to flora and vegetation history, vegetation research, phytogeography lation to flora and vegetation history, vegetation research, phytogeography, field and experime |
15090 | 4 | an objective and integrative evaluation of the ecological state of the water bodies
bodies requires the recognition of the sediment as an important and differenciated aquatic com s of time. the inclusion of data on the sediment toxicity to the common data bases built only w with the data obtained form the chronic sediment bioassays for a risk assessment based on the b |
14676 | 2 | project is to evaluate the interest of sediment toxicity data in the river networks for monito
orthern spain. results derived from the sediment toxicity bioassays with tubifex tubifex in the |
14187 | 4 | age between the microbial and classical food webs in aquatic systems. in shallow eutrophic and
erial- and primary productions. ciliate community in lake võrtsjärv is extremely rich and usual be very important in functioning of the food webs in that lake. the following goals are address liate – metazooplankton trophic link to food web functioning in shallow eutrophic and turbid la |
13439 | 11 | the project aims to understand how climate-induced changes in hydrography have affected th
ography have affected the phytoplankton community in the past and present, and how predictions ea. this will contribute to sustainable development in tropical countries dependent on export o on the composition of the phytoplankton community by analyzing oceanographic data collected dur ata collected during the last 50 years. community similarity indices will be used to group taxa l construct coupled physical-biological model to investigate and characterize the environmental that correlate with the initiation and development of harmful phytoplankton species, and chall be tested and validated in manipulated mesocosm experiments. this will enable us to focus the harmful algal monitoring, and provide a model for climate impact on tropical ecosystem-a region gal monitoring, and provide a model for climate impact on tropical ecosystem-a region that is l a model for climate impact on tropical ecosystem-a region that is lagging behind in this respe |
7036 | 8 | tant groups of organisms for monitoring environmental change, yet little is known about their w
range shifts that have resulted in the vegetation patterns and world diversity hotspots we kno -dwelling lichen species follow similar distribution patterns, but the evidence is that this is america and western europe. the latter distribution is rare in plants at upper latitudes, and des, and conspicuously at odds with the distribution of the trees on which epiphytic lichens gr se examining genetic structure within a model species of the boreal forest, mycoblastus sanguin congruent with the east-east, west-west distribution types of many lichen species and to what e n species and to what extent its modern distribution and genetic diversity centres diverge from |
12658 | 1 | guinea to the countries of the european community , such information will be available to assis
|
14157 | 10 | ect is a synthesised study of the urban environment and the environmental impact of urbanisatio
ng life cycle assessment, substance and energy flux, methods of ecological footprint and spatia ux, methods of ecological footprint and spatial analysis. expansive land use and greater mobili e paradigm and eu directives. the total growth of environmental load of city dwellers is expres t, special consumption of resources and energy and in their relation with main socio-economic i their relation with main socio-economic indicators. due to more frequent extraordinary weather e to adapt and mitigate to the changing climate and contribute to the decrease in greenhouse ga ansport load and the condition of urban environment, also needs to be elaborated. the objective op the bases for a sustainable planning model, which as spatial decision support includes an op erative monitoring system, urbanisation indicators as well as physical planning tools. |
230 | 5 | etridae is traditional, the last global review written by l.b.prout during the first half of th
y sterrhinae has been revised on global scale, and regional reviews of some other groups are pu reatment of data, therefore a cladistic review of moths' morphology on global scale will be opt c review of moths' morphology on global scale will be optimal for comparison: another database, database for the proposed project. the review of morphological data of selected groups, subfam |
14313 | 5 | storical land use have focused on large-scale landscape modifications that can potentially affe
ions that can potentially affect global climate via their effects on surface albedo, aerosols, ts on surface albedo, aerosols, and the carbon cycle. these studies concluded that the impact o act of pre-colonial cultures on natural ecosystems in east africa was limited, due to very low imited, due to very low mean population density determine the severity of lake water-quality lo |
2079 | 8 | , but with radically different seasonal migration patterns from those prior to the collapse. th
and an abrupt change in north atlantic climate that occurred in the mid-1960s. the project wil ilable long term time series of herring growth and abundance in relation to climate, hydrograph term time series of herring growth and abundance in relation to climate, hydrography and biolo ing growth and abundance in relation to climate, hydrography and biological production at lower to climate, hydrography and biological production at lower trophic levels. the project will se stical relationship between herring and climate, and develop state-of-the-art mathematical mode o aid prediction of the consequences of climate changes in the future. |
10434 | 5 | tundra landscapes exist as a mosaic of vegetation between tundra and atmosphere. current model
fication of seasonal trace gas flux and energy balance between surface and atmosphere at the la surface and atmosphere at the landscape scale in high latitude tundra, and the potential feedba ntial feedbacks to radiative forcing of climate, taking into account this fine-scale landscape climate, taking into account this fine-scale landscape mosaic mediated by the dynamics of wint |
10496 | 5 | tundra landscapes exist as a mosaic of vegetation between tundra and atmosphere. current model
fication of seasonal trace gas flux and energy balance between surface and atmosphere at the la surface and atmosphere at the landscape scale in high latitude tundra, and the potential feedba ntial feedbacks to radiative forcing of climate, taking into account this fine-scale landscape climate, taking into account this fine-scale landscape mosaic mediated by the dynamics of wint |
10494 | 13 | ndicate that the extent of the tropical climate zone is more sensitive to global climate change
limate zone is more sensitive to global climate change than model predictions suggest and ecolo sensitive to global climate change than model predictions suggest and ecological investigations nah biomes to be extremely sensitive to climate change. however, the dynamics of how tropical v . however, the dynamics of how tropical vegetation responds to climate change remains controver of how tropical vegetation responds to climate change remains controversial. to explore the re ore the relationship between the global climate system and tropical vegetation it is necessary the global climate system and tropical vegetation it is necessary to examine past records of v is necessary to examine past records of vegetation change through periods of known global clima change through periods of known global climate change, e.g. through glacial-interglacial cycle effective way of examining terrestrial vegetation change is through fossil pollen records from cycle. pollen records documenting past vegetation change in the lowland tropics of africa are ore vegetative response to rapid global climate change, e.g. heinrich events, during the period |
14231 | 12 | global warming, along with a fast-growing agricultural land us
lobal biodiversity a threat. studies of climate and land use changes in the past due to the com due to the composition and diversity of land cover changes is particularly valuable in helping lping to predict the future response of vegetation to climate change and changing land use. to ct the future response of vegetation to climate change and changing land use. to investigate th use. to investigate the effects of past climate changes during the holocene vegetation in the c ast climate changes during the holocene vegetation in the composition of the vegetation and to ne vegetation in the composition of the vegetation and to clarify the temporal and spatial deve and to clarify the temporal and spatial development, the scope and intensity of land-use and it and its impact on the diversity of the vegetation cover, vegetation maps will be reconstructed the diversity of the vegetation cover, vegetation maps will be reconstructed. received cards v al structures of the global dynamics of vegetation and land use patterns esinduslikuse models f |
2013 | 10 | rn, so fire can only be used on a large scale when there is a distinct dry season. on an annual
deforestation. here i show however, how climate may play an under-appreciated role in controlli se to further investigate links between climate and fire-driven deforestation using satellite m ing satellite measurements of fires and precipitation, and assess how regional deforestation ra e in the future as a result of changing precipitation regime in deforestation regions. this cou is could be a result of changing global climate and because of deforestation-driven changes in eforestation-driven changes in regional climate. the first part of the proposed research will t ill therefore address relations between precipitation characteristics and deforestation rates; ective will be to assess whether future climate enhances or diminishes the use of fire as a too ll be quantified using a biogeochemical model. |
2030 | 16 | is to understand how species respond to climate change and to predict consequences for communit
change and to predict consequences for community composition and ecosystem functioning. climat sequences for community composition and ecosystem functioning. climate warming causes shifts of composition and ecosystem functioning. climate warming causes shifts of species distributions tion and ecosystem functioning. climate warming causes shifts of species distributions towards ety of factors. from the perspective of top-down control, the release from natural enemies and ase from natural enemies and subsequent evolution of increased competitive ability are the most potheses to explain invasiveness. plant abundance can be controlled by both above- and belowgro und enemies. however, enemy release and evolution of invasive plants have been rarely, if ever, and belowground enemies influences the evolution and invasiveness of plant species that expand ir range from warm into previously cold climate regions. my general hypothesis is that differen n plants, their natural enemies and the predators of the enemies. in order to test my general h general hypothesis i will relate plant traits of successful and non-successful invaders from s herlands to metabolic costs invested in growth and defence in both the original and new habitat lain and predict plant invasions due to climate warming. predict plant invasions due to climate warming. |
13615 | 6 | due to climate change the ranges of many plant species will sh
from presently warm to previously cold climate regions. invasive plant species may become seri greenhouse experiments, i will compare growth and plant defences between plants of the same sp als with olfactomters. studying how the abundance of root-feeding nematodes is controlled in na ding nematodes is controlled in natural ecosystems may help to improve the biological control o biological control of nematodes in agro-ecosystems. |
9835 | 9 | climate change is one of the major threats currently fa
biodiversity. predicting the impact of climate change for species requires the development of climate change for species requires the development of population models which quantify both th constraints influencing these shifts in distribution. to make such models useful tools, it is t essary to integrate them with models of climate change impacts. i will use black-tailed godwits ich there are established links between habitat quality and demography, as a model system with en habitat quality and demography, as a model system with which to address these issues. the re these issues. the resulting population model will then be used within a fuzzy-logic based coas n a fuzzy-logic based coastal simulator model to predict the consequences of sea level rise and |
10007 | 8 | h has responded to millions of years of climate change and can be an invaluable means to invest
before 50 million years ago the earth s climate was several degrees hotter than present, there much higher. between 50 and 34 ma, the climate began to cool dramatically and extensive ice-sh ooling, but rather at this time earth s climate fluctuated rapidly between short-lived warm int ere alive. to investigate middle eocene climate we will, firstly, determine exactly how old the y how old the sediments are that record climate change. we will do this by looking at the magne stry to produce a picture of the global climate through time. third, we want to use this inform ely investigating critical intervals of climate change. we will collaborate with scripps instit |
13785 | 6 | parasitoid interactions under different climate and habitat change scenarios. i will focus on p
nteractions under different climate and habitat change scenarios. i will focus on pollinating i i.e. large blue butterflies investigate ecosystem functioning and generality in the study syste plants-insects-parasitoids in different habitat and climate scenarios will provide valuable inf ts-parasitoids in different habitat and climate scenarios will provide valuable information abo will provide valuable information about ecosystem functioning. our general knowledge of how suc |
1105 | 16 | st efficient systems for the storage of soil carbon in widespread agro-forestal systems in cent
nsular italian mediterranean areas. the carbon balance will be studied following the dynamics o namics of the processes involved in the carbon cycle that carry out and control the carbon cycl on cycle that carry out and control the carbon cycle. a simulation model of the carbon cycle wi control the carbon cycle. a simulation model of the carbon cycle will be set up simultaneously carbon cycle. a simulation model of the carbon cycle will be set up simultaneously in order to e selected agro-forestal systems on the carbon sink. new climatic scenarios, predicted by globa n the diversity of microorganism and on carbon dynamic and in the carbon cycle models, in order ganism and on carbon dynamic and in the carbon cycle models, in order to compare the data obtai ed with the data related to the present climate. moreover, g.i.s. technology will be used for t l be used for the interpolation and the mapping of the simulation models outputs and of other a e greenhouse effect via the increase in carbon storage for territorial planners and agricultura disseminated to promote knowledge about climate change and the mitigating effect, that agro-for hat agro-forestal systems might have on climate change to an large and diverse audience. the pr itorial data processing; 3. genetic and functional diversity of microorganisms; 4. carbon sink ctional diversity of microorganisms; 4. carbon sink and biogeochemical cycles. |
10850 | 3 | the effects of climate change in a dynamic competitive interaction bet
species. intertidal barnacles are ideal model organisms to test these alternative causal mechan ter models, functions for interspecific competition. historical data from a network of sites co |
10476 | 21 | e of the most striking impacts of human development is the replacement of natural wildlife habi
is the replacement of natural wildlife habitat with either agriculture or urban environments. urban environments. not only does such development reduce the overall availability of wildlife ce the overall availability of wildlife habitat, it often fragments the landscape so that habit t often fragments the landscape so that habitat patches become smaller and increasingly isolate d increasingly isolated. this so called habitat fragmentation causes many problems for wildlife reducing biodiversity and the value of ecosystem services. not surprisingly, habitat fragmenta f ecosystem services. not surprisingly, habitat fragmentation has become one of the most intens f major disturbance phenomena in marine ecosystems, the effects of habitat fragmentation in mar na in marine ecosystems, the effects of habitat fragmentation in marine systems have barely bee sons for this including difficulties in mapping habitats underwater, limited availability of ec ats underwater, limited availability of ecosystem models, and difficulty in establishing the co ispersal. although the lack of study of habitat fragmentation in marine ecosystems is understan tudy of habitat fragmentation in marine ecosystems is understandable, the potential importance da, primarily because of the impacts of climate change. in 1998, for example, unusually high se n tropical regions led to unprecedented mortality of reef corals with many reefs losing 99% of of the world s reefs losing their coral dominance within a few months. with the recent emergenc with the recent emergence of models of ecosystem dynamics and larval connectivity among coral models of ecosystem dynamics and larval connectivity among coral reefs, the constraints to stud he four key ingredients needed to study climate change impacts on marine habitats. these are . studies to test the predictions of the model by simulating the actual disturbance histories of |
13755 | 2 | climate models predict an increase in dynamic ice forma
ams due to increasingly fluctuating air temperature. sub-surface ice will focus on the effects |
2006 | 7 | eef communities. for the recognition of global change signals and a rational choice of indicato
change signals and a rational choice of indicator taxa, a solid historical baseline is needed. a from as far back in time as possible. model taxa are selected, based on their representation arium collections and their response to environmental change. next to data base comparison, we nsity of past enso events. the skeletal growth band patterns of museum specimens collected in t of a computer-guided microdrill. stable oxygen isotope and sr/ca analyses on these samples will series on sea surface temperatures and precipitation / evaporation changes and can thus be use |
10044 | 13 | uncertainly regarding the influence of climate change on structure of marine fish assemblages,
s trophic levels is key to safeguarding ecosystem function. we propose to investigate climatic bility, and whether temporal changes in community composition have been of the same magnitude a test if individual species show similar abundance trends throughout their geographic ranges, an nd identify ecological and life-history species traits linked to temporal changes of abundance, es traits linked to temporal changes of abundance, including body size, growth rates and trophi emporal changes of abundance, including body size, growth rates and trophic level and 3 test th nges of abundance, including body size, growth rates and trophic level and 3 test the reliabili hic level and 3 test the reliability of climate-envelope predictions of future species distribu ictions made using models incorporating density-dependent habitat choice. our goal is to identi models incorporating density-dependent habitat choice. our goal is to identify the scales for cales for patterns of change in species abundance and to quantify uncertainties underpinning pr to 4 c rises in mean annual sea surface temperature over the next 100 years. |
10895 | 5 | the world is experiencing rapid climate change with a predicted rise in global average
xt 50 years. among a range of predicted ecosystem impacts, one already documented is a temperat em impacts, one already documented is a temperature-driven shift in species distributions withi , disperse slowly cannot adapt to rapid climate change within the lifespan of individuals. fore be among the first habitats impacted by climate change, a realisation driving the search for ap |
11708 | 5 | the world is experiencing rapid climate change with a predicted rise in global average
xt 50 years. among a range of predicted ecosystem impacts, one already documented is a temperat em impacts, one already documented is a temperature-driven shift in species distributions withi , disperse slowly cannot adapt to rapid climate change within the lifespan of individuals. fore be among the first habitats impacted by climate change, a realisation driving the search for ap |
7479 | 13 | e is no certainty regarding the precise nature and rate of future climate change, even the most
g the precise nature and rate of future climate change, even the most moderate scenarios predic edict a continuing change of the marine environment, with associated major environmental and so s. to prepare society for the necessary mitigation and adaptation measures, the awareness of ci f eu research results on the impacts of climate change on the marine environment and to make th impacts of climate change on the marine environment and to make this knowledge and its socio-ec pean research results on the effects of climate change on marine environment. an up-to-date ove the effects of climate change on marine environment. an up-to-date overview of public knowledge wledge and perception on the effects of climate change on marine environments and their socio-e ies. enhancement of public knowledge on climate change impacts on the marine environment, inclu on climate change impacts on the marine environment, including the socio-economic consequences, te with european citizens on impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. on impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. |
12660 | 10 | vouring to remove obstacles that hinder migration; protect habitats; and lessen the impact of n
ant as they can act as linkages between ecosystems, and therefore can be indicators of ecologic etween ecosystems, and therefore can be indicators of ecological change. the eighth conference the uk on the strength of links between climate change and migratory species’ behaviour, abunda hange and migratory species’ behaviour, abundance and distribution and passed a resolution on c atory species’ behaviour, abundance and distribution and passed a resolution on climate change, distribution and passed a resolution on climate change, which amongst other things, called for y/index.htm the report recommended that indicator species be identified to provide information s for data collection and monitoring of climate-change impacts on migratory species, so that in g the threats to migratory species from climate change. |
13773 | 5 | temperature profoundly affects the seasonal timing of b
nes during the breeding season. because temperature shows yearly variation, organisms have evol sticity allows short-term adjustment to temperature changes, large-scale disruptions to these p djustment to temperature changes, large-scale disruptions to these patterns , and assess whethe to these patterns , and assess whether climate variables can limit the success of species tran |
2000 | 18 | peat bogs are important ecosystems in relation to climatic change. by forming p
ificant long-term sinks for atmospheric carbon dioxide. climatic change could bring about chang ersity and species composition of these ecosystems that could have important repercussions for have important repercussions for global carbon cycling. experiments that have been carried out oo short to study the response of these ecosystems to global change. virtually nothing is known udy the response of these ecosystems to global change. virtually nothing is known about how cli e. virtually nothing is known about how climate change and changes in atmospheric n deposition mospheric n deposition would affect bog ecosystems at longer time scales. on the other hand bog a natural archive of the history of the vegetation and carbon sequestration. based on the seque ve of the history of the vegetation and carbon sequestration. based on the sequence of plant re vascular plant species composition and carbon sequestration in bogs;· to determine the long-te ine the long-term effects of changes in temperature, precipitation, n deposition and fluctuatin term effects of changes in temperature, precipitation, n deposition and fluctuating solar activ lar activity on species composition and carbon accumulation;· to analyse the relation between t elation between species composition and carbon sequestration;· to investigate the long-term eff to investigate the long-term effects of climate change on plant species composition and carbon change on plant species composition and carbon sequestration in bogs using a simulation model. equestration in bogs using a simulation model. |
14737 | 10 | studies have considered the effects of climate change on ecosystem functioning, and on plant a
idered the effects of climate change on ecosystem functioning, and on plant and animal physiolo is needed to investigate the impacts at community level, particularly in forests. at regional s l, particularly in forests. at regional scale, climate change may produce modifications in spec icularly in forests. at regional scale, climate change may produce modifications in species dis ge may produce modifications in species distribution, according to their potential climatic nic develop statistical models of potential distribution of the main spanish forest species under d ased on the current patterns of species distribution by climatic manipulation experiments. we h abrupt changes may appear after drought thresholds are achieved. these experiments will also al attributes of seedlings related to the climate variability. |
14823 | 10 | es that ecotones are very vulnerable to climate change. environmental limitations to the distri
hange. environmental limitations to the distribution of forest trees become most obvious at tre tremes in environmental factors such as temperature, water supply, irradiation, etc. accumulate er supply, irradiation, etc. accumulate stress situations than trees can hardly withstand. ther the role of upper tree line ecotones as indicators of environmental changes is widely recognise endemic pine species and dominated by a climate with summer droughts and frost conditions in wi imberline in tenerife by characterizing growth, respiration, non structural carbohydrates, phot e in tenerife by characterizing growth, respiration, non structural carbohydrates, photosynthes . obtained data will provide a response model of p. canariensis to the most extreme environment e for better management of forest under climate change conditions |
482 | 2 | insects react rapidly to environmental change: for example, regional extinction
lso shown that butterflies are accurate indicators of change in less conspicuous invertebrate t |
12592 | 7 | climate change has been identified by the draft soil st
along with land-use practices. current climate projections for the uk suggest scenarios of war ections for the uk suggest scenarios of warming leading to hotter and drier summers, and milder ls to maintain delivery of the range of ecosystem goods and services required of them. soil org n the provision of the majority of such ecosystem services, performing major roles in soil proc il processes and functioning, including carbon and nutrient cycling, soil structural dynamics, be directly and indirectly impacted by climate change, but the consequences of such effects ar |
7673 | 2 | strategy of land occupation and uses of ecosystems resources, and how this behaviour impacts bi
e used to prospect several scenarios of evolution based on river dynamics produced from ipcc pr |
11758 | 3 | lating the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide . in such environments, small changes in
ironments, small changes in whole plant carbon balances may have important consequences for see ave important consequences for seedling growth and survival. |
9996 | 3 | lating the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide . in such environments, small changes in
ironments, small changes in whole plant carbon balances may have important consequences for see ave important consequences for seedling growth and survival. |
10889 | 13 | climate change is now recognized as having major impact
ving complex effects at the individual, community and ecosystem level. for example warmer weath ffects at the individual, community and ecosystem level. for example warmer weather has brought erate and polar species retreat. at the community level, changes in assemblage composition have otentially for the functioning of whole ecosystems. in the marine realm the timing of the sprin assemblages and indeed the whole marine food web. changes in the timing of this bloom as a resu the timing of this bloom as a result of climate change have been demonstrated and shown to have intertidal barnacles have made a superb model organism for studies of larval transport and supp sport and supply and are also sensitive indicators of climate change. their larvae are also imp ly and are also sensitive indicators of climate change. their larvae are also important compone re also important components of coastal food webs. in the british isles, barnacles are either b esults will be used to extend further a model developed with colleagues at sams as part of a pr ous nerc grant to understand effects of climate change on adult populations of benthic organism |
10950 | 6 | cross scotland. we will estimate winter precipitation during the yd using the relationship betw
er equilibrium line altitude and summer temperature. we will investigate whether glacier retrea resulted from reduction in snowfall or climate warming. we will compare midge-inferred july te d from reduction in snowfall or climate warming. we will compare midge-inferred july temperatur uly temperatures with the grip ice core oxygen isotope record to determine whether the grip rec ecord can be used as a proxy for summer temperature in the ne atlantic region and as a link wit |
13587 | 13 | is to evaluate the effect of among-year climate variation on the recruitment of planktonic herb
of among-year climate variation on the recruitment of planktonic herbivores in lakes and the r known as clear water phases . the rapid growth of crustacean herbivores and the resulting depre to a cwp. using a structured population model and laboratory experiments together with field sa s together with field sampling data and evaluation of historical data from two large north amer lakes, i will test the hypothesis that climate during late winter and early spring influences ion of cwp:s through its effects on the recruitment of planktonic herbivores from diapausing eg , duration, and magnitude of cwp:s. the development and evaluation of theoretical models descri magnitude of cwp:s. the development and evaluation of theoretical models describing and predict -plant interactions with effects at the ecosystem scale will benefit fundamental science. knowl eractions with effects at the ecosystem scale will benefit fundamental science. knowledge of th the ecological mechanisms through which climate conditions during winter may affect water clari water quality management in the face of climate change. |
2056 | 8 | climate change scenarios predict that arctic regions wi
ges anywhere on the globe due to global warming in the coming decades. this is of great concern the project will explore the impact of climate variability on the movement patterns, growth pa e variability on the movement patterns, growth patterns and interactions of these two species, of these two species, identify critical habitat features and develop a predictive model to asse bitat features and develop a predictive model to assess the impact of future climate change on ve model to assess the impact of future climate change on these animals and the ecosystem they climate change on these animals and the ecosystem they occupy. |
1997 | 19 | we will base our study on climate induced biodiversity shifts in freshwater ecosy
duced biodiversity shifts in freshwater ecosystems on three influential hypotheses: the interme ant component of disturbance in aquatic ecosystems. climate change can thus be expected to affe t of disturbance in aquatic ecosystems. climate change can thus be expected to affect biodivers diversity. according to this hypothesis climate change is likely to affect biodiversity by chan stable states which differ strongly in community composition as well as biodiversity. climate ty composition as well as biodiversity. climate change may potentially push these ecosystems to imate change may potentially push these ecosystems to another stable state and may therefore ha effect on aquatic biodiversity. we will review, test and apply each of these theories in two cl ked projects. a mathematically inclined ph.d. student will perform time series analysis on exis analyses with simple multi-species prey-predator, competition and ecosystem models. an experime ith simple multi-species prey-predator, competition and ecosystem models. an experimentally exp -species prey-predator, competition and ecosystem models. an experimentally experienced post-do ionally carry out simulations with full-scale ecosystem models. these two alw-funded researcher y carry out simulations with full-scale ecosystem models. these two alw-funded researchers will eaders in the field of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of aquatic systems. the consortiu tools to assess the potential impact of climate change on aquatic biodiversity. the integrative is obtained, which is essential for the development of sustainable management strategies. it wi o a better prediction of the effects of global change for aquatic biodiversity. |
1999 | 15 | how will global change affect the biodiversity of aquatic ecosys
ange affect the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems to tackle this question, we base our work on dict different relations between global warming and biodiversity. to explore the potentially co he potentially complex relation between global change and aquatic biodiversity in more detail, n, under controlled nutrient, light and temperature conditions. in different experiments we wil of the phytoplankton or the zooplankton community and additionally impose different temperature unity and additionally impose different temperature and light regimes to study climatic effects lts of the time series analysis and the model analysis obtained in the companion project. since since climatic effects on more complex food webs and on organisms with long generation times c ll make use of an existing general lake model. we will use this full-scale ecosystem model as a neral lake model. we will use this full-scale ecosystem model as an electronic cosm, focusing o lake model. we will use this full-scale ecosystem model as an electronic cosm, focusing on the . we will use this full-scale ecosystem model as an electronic cosm, focusing on the same quest the results obtained by time series and model analysis in the companion project of this researc tools to assess the potential impact of climate change on aquatic biodiversity. |
1998 | 9 | we address the question how global change will affect the biodiversity of aquatic e
will affect the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems using three influential theories as guidance dict different relations between global warming and biodiversity. this is a first indication th first indication that relations between global change and aquatic biodiversity are not necessar he potentially complex relation between global change and aquatic biodiversity in more detail, propose to use time series analysis and model analysis. the time series analysis will focus on e types of models. we will use abstract model formulations to obtain a better qualitative under ve understanding. the findings from the model analysis and time series analysis will be compare tools to assess the potential impact of climate change on aquatic biodiversity. |
2179 | 5 | discoveries that suggest that distinct, climate-change related shifts in geometrid outbreak ran
est this match-mismatch hypothesis in a food web perspective, combining small-scale process stu a food web perspective, combining small-scale process studies with large-scale, pattern oriente small-scale process studies with large-scale, pattern oriented approaches. through these studi birch forest under various scenarios of climate change. |
14665 | 6 | iterranean region contains transitional climate zones where climate change may have the greates
ntains transitional climate zones where climate change may have the greatest effects. in the ar ime and drought phenomenon often occurs climate change plays a decisive role on the dynamics of stems. in this context, the analysis of climate change and its variability is of great interest tural resources. such studies combining climate variability information and its effect on natur implications of better understanding of climate variability with a greater spatial resolution c |
15005 | 4 | the scientific community has now no doubt on the existence of a global
he biodiversity existing in terrestrial ecosystems corresponds to bryophytes, with approximatel to study comparatively the responses to temperature and water stress of broadly distributed spe the responses to temperature and water stress of broadly distributed species and those restric |
2078 | 8 | predicted climate changes will affect nature as a whole. for a be
predicted climate changes will affect nature as a whole. for a better understanding of specie . for a better understanding of species-distribution and species-composition as a response to c nd species-composition as a response to climate change it is important to consider comparable i sms in time and space. it is known that climate changes will have a strong effect on species-di es will have a strong effect on species-distribution and species-composition in areas where num he opportunity of testing the effect of climate conditions and change on dynamic biodiversity, f organisms differ in their response to climate change. this enables an identification of areas |
424 | 2 | hotspot of biodiversity . the simulated distribution of the cedar shows drastic changes with a
ges with a significant reduction of its distribution area in north africa during the next centu |
6861 | 3 | iromnental changes, they may be used as indicators of microclimatic fluctuations. based on numb
bility of leaves in particular species, climate-plant relation can be studied. statistical and eir cooccurrence with other elements of vegetation , and compare data with other known european |
2109 | 16 | nd surface. the predicted anthropogenic climate changes are supposed to have large influences i
cies above the existing treeline. steep temperature gradients influence the survival of many pl f many plant species and their internal competition. the changes are supposed to be slow, and t e use of more easy accesible methods as lidar airborne scanning for present and future determin ion of resources. we will also use past vegetation and soil registrations for analysing the dev nd soil registrations for analysing the development of the vegetation and the tree stands in a ns for analysing the development of the vegetation and the tree stands in a selected research a tstanding study area, due to a detailed mapping of vegetation, soil properties and timberline p tudy area, due to a detailed mapping of vegetation, soil properties and timberline position in ue to a detailed mapping of vegetation, soil properties and timberline position in 1932-1936. t lots will be reanalysed with respect to vegetation and soil, and the information will be includ n will be included in a digital terrain model along. the old and the new vegetation data will b errain model along. the old and the new vegetation data will be analysed with respect to change mation on plant species composition and competition will be used combined with regclim regional be used combined with regclim regional climate scenarios in order to predict the effects of fu order to predict the effects of future climate change in this ecotone. we plan to provide info |
13612 | 13 | ncern is to a large extent derived from model-based predictions on how future climate change wi
m model-based predictions on how future climate change will affect european biodiversity. curre european biodiversity. current species distribution models suggest that climate change will ca pecies distribution models suggest that climate change will cause habitats to shift or contract es in how species respond to changes in habitat availability. central to this problem is the ha ability. central to this problem is the habitat tracking hypothesis, which states that populati populations will respond to changes in habitat availability by altering their distributions ac determine the probability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. w obability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. we will combine r ped ancient dna approaches with species distribution models to construct a detailed investigati o construct a detailed investigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time thr vestigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time through the last 40,000 year empo and mode of population response to climate change, as well as to evaluate, adjust and empl |
15565 | 13 | ncern is to a large extent derived from model-based predictions on how future climate change wi
m model-based predictions on how future climate change will affect european biodiversity. curre european biodiversity. current species distribution models suggest that climate change will ca pecies distribution models suggest that climate change will cause habitats to shift or contract es in how species respond to changes in habitat availability. central to this problem is the ha ability. central to this problem is the habitat tracking hypothesis, which states that populati populations will respond to changes in habitat availability by altering their distributions ac determine the probability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. w obability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. we will combine r ped ancient dna approaches with species distribution models to construct a detailed investigati o construct a detailed investigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time thr vestigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time through the last 40,000 year empo and mode of population response to climate change, as well as to evaluate, adjust and empl |
10413 | 6 | insects react rapidly to environmental change: for example, regional extinction
lso shown that butterflies are accurate indicators of change in less conspicuous invertebrate g r impacts on all other species in their environment. here we propose to measure the combined im ned impacts of human-induced changes in climate and habitat species across the climatic gradien of human-induced changes in climate and habitat species across the climatic gradient, using the gradient, using the centre for ecology hydrology s dataset of annual changes in all uk butterf |
13747 | 2 | insects react rapidly to environmental change: for example, regional extinction
lso shown that butterflies are accurate indicators of w,\ ilii change in less conspicuous inver |
15566 | 2 | insects react rapidly to environmental change: for example, regional extinction
lso shown that butterflies are accurate indicators of change in less conspicuous invertebrate t |
14140 | 4 | seas is a key factor in shaping spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of planktonic organi
rganisms as well as controlling primary production and cycling of substances. the water column g those layers to forecast the possible ecosystem changes taking into account future climate ch stem changes taking into account future climate change projections. |
6736 | 1 | on would be valuable for the scientific community in general.
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11439 | 5 | seley linked to how we alter the global carbon cycle. the rate at which we are using fossil fue
ering land use ; however, if we get the carbon cycle slightly out of balance the plants and ani atmospheric concentrations of co2, o2, temperature, types of plants, etc. are. exactly how del , etc. are. exactly how delicate is the carbon cycle within a closed system the work we are pro proposing uses one of the largest plant-growth experimental.... |
11106 | 1 | om an aircraft. seasonal variability in community structure will be determined using terminal r
|
10587 | 1 | investigation into the potential for co-evolution between female mating behaviour and selfish g
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9816 | 1 | investigation into the potential for co-evolution between female mating behaviour and selfish g
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12588 | 11 | current literature on the state of soil carbon levels in uk soils is equivocal. prediction
vocal. predictions of future changes in soil carbon levels related to land use and climate chan l carbon levels related to land use and climate change are highly uncertain, so evidence-based uggested the need to collate uk data on soil carbon and the release of greenhouse gases in rela to be gained of the current state of uk soil carbon and the processes driving change, and infor he processes driving change, and inform model predictions of future changes. furthermore, gaps cognised members of the uk soil science community who have the broad range of skills required t ailability and provenance of data on uk soil carbon stocks, fluxes and land use influences. 2. utput from this project will be a brief review of uk soil carbon data sources and shortfalls in is project will be a brief review of uk soil carbon data sources and shortfalls in these data. vidence to policy makers in relation to soil carbon and land management. tasks for a second pha |
14958 | 2 | nt and not easy to place in the overall classification of fungi. investigations into the biolog
eveloping methods for the isolation and growth of these fungi in pure culture, using freshly co |
10137 | 7 | ns have restricted the extent of global warming by taking up approximately 50% of the co2 from
issolved in seawater and lowers ambient ph in a phenomenon known as ocean acidification . an im ions in the ocean, a form of dissolved carbon that is depleted in the acidification reaction w etter understanding of the modern ocean carbon cycle, which is essential to get right before wo ons about the range of changes in ocean carbon and nutrient cycles we can expect in the future e ocean may affect the degree of future warming by emitting more or less greenhouse gases such g more or less greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. |
11019 | 7 | ns have restricted the extent of global warming by taking up approximately 50% of the co2 from
issolved in seawater and lowers ambient ph in a phenomenon known as ocean acidification . an im ions in the ocean, a form of dissolved carbon that is depleted in the acidification reaction w etter understanding of the modern ocean carbon cycle, which is essential to get right before wo ons about the range of changes in ocean carbon and nutrient cycles we can expect in the future e ocean may affect the degree of future warming by emitting more or less greenhouse gases such g more or less greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. |
15028 | 5 | lations and demersal and pelagic marine ecosystems are well documented for commercial fishing,
as their relationships- on the coastal ecosystem have received little attention. nevertheless, r the exploited species and the coastal ecosystem. the objective of the current proposal is to tivities. an adaptive management of the ecosystem is necessary to avoid the collapse of the pop maintain the resiliency of the coastal ecosystems, the health of the fish stocks and the quali |
11490 | 2 | the ecosystem services of deltas often support high populat
lnerable coastal environments and their ecosystem services face multiple stresses in the coming |
14317 | 7 | biodiversity, its ecology, dynamics and ecosystem functioning are poorly understood simplbecaus
diversity and functioning of an aquatic ecosystem. a large number of conceptual models have bee f autochtonous and allochtonous primary production for fueling the food web in function of spat nous primary production for fueling the food web in function of spatial and temporal scales. un production for fueling the food web in function of spatial and temporal scales. unfortunately, cers . in particular, the origin of the organic matter fueling the upper levels of the food web matter fueling the upper levels of the food web will be highlighted. such interdisciplinary an |
14318 | 4 | forest management actions that enhance carbon storage in forests, offering incentives for deve
nce carbon storage in forests, offering incentives for developing countries to reduce emissions ries to reduce emissions in a post 2012 climate regime. the aim of this project is to get basel elationship between both variables as a function of forest management. the strategic choice of |
13315 | 4 | tools and information critical for the development of large scale, general predictions of biod
n critical for the development of large scale, general predictions of biodiversity effects on l predictions of biodiversity effects on land use change, and development of policy options for versity effects on land use change, and development of policy options for land use management. |
13823 | 6 | establish the ratio of parasite to host migration and determine the genetic nature of resistanc
ost migration and determine the genetic nature of resistance and virulence traits involved in t ion and determine the genetic nature of resistance and virulence traits involved in the interac etic nature of resistance and virulence traits involved in the interaction. this will be done i otryum violaceum disperses on a similar spatial scale to its host, but invades host populations genetic variation in parasite selected traits. the results will be used to support the argumen |
11545 | 1 | nature is full of interactions between members of diffe
|
11678 | 1 | nature is full of interactions between members of diffe
|
14940 | 6 | cophylogenetic patterns, especially the colonization or host-switching through food webs. this
colonization or host-switching through food webs. this task will require to build a phylogenet asites, the ecomorphology of attachment function to the intestinal wall. our working hypothesis in turn, will constraint or facilitate colonization of hosts and/or intestinal habitats. there habitats. therefore, an analysis of the evolution of attachment function might be useful to lin analysis of the evolution of attachment function might be useful to link key adaptations with t |
15583 | 4 | eptional biodiversity, provide critical ecosystem services and support the livelihood of vulner
and ecological landscapes are evolving. climate change, deforestation, and degradation critical a better understanding of the dynamics, regime shifts and tipping points of biodiversity and th ders, closing the gap between knowledge production and action. |
13455 | 3 | the area have gone extinct. as natural recovery of damaged reefs is slow, and natural reestabl
ical factors for coral reproduction and recruitment, 3 modelling larval dispersal within the na r coral reproduction and recruitment, 3 modelling larval dispersal within the national park and |
12715 | 9 | nitrogen deposition remains a threat to sensitive semi-
exceed the critical loads for nutrient nitrogen and critical levels for ammonia, and are predi ite reductions in emissions of reactive nitrogen gases. there have been a considerable number o sed on detailed site based analysis and modelling. however, it is not clear the extent to which not clear the extent to which elevated nitrogen is impacting upon protected site condition or oject will provide an analysis of broad scale vegetation surveillance data, including countrysi will provide an analysis of broad scale vegetation surveillance data, including countryside sur us vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen distribution datasets. it will correlate spatial and te rrelate spatial and temporal changes to nitrogen deposition data, to identify whether and to wh |
13388 | 1 | ection, conservation, characterization, evaluation and determination of nutritional contents of
|
13386 | 1 | ypes suitable for rangelands and/or hay production will be utilized in the continuing breeding
|
14192 | 1 | natural habitats; characterization and evaluation of accessions; documentation; storing safety
|
14191 | 2 | d viability of plants preserved in slow growth conditions; •to evaluate the influence of long-t
vitro as meristem plants on the genetic stability of accessions; •to update the electronic data |
13578 | 5 | es dominated by forestry. anthropogenic climate change may further reduce their abundance. the
climate change may further reduce their abundance. the long-term survival of these forestry-sen lves. in this project i will assess the colonization ability of forestry-sensitive species. dur y of forestry-sensitive species. during climate change, high colonizing ability is essential to s in sites that have become unsuitable. colonization is also crucial to cope with forest fragme |
13462 | 4 | perties of the species themselves, e.g. colonization capacity. during climate change, high colo
ves, e.g. colonization capacity. during climate change, high colonizing capacity is essential t s in sites that have become unsuitable. colonization is also crucial to cope with forest fragme nated by forestry. this project studies colonization capacity of liverworts, mosses, insects, s |
15321 | 11 | cells have to deal with the biochemical stress caused by the lack of liquid water. some cells a
gotrophic conditions and often the high salinity of evaporite rock habitats. successful coloniz of evaporite rock habitats. successful colonization will in large measure depend on an adequat ng hypothesis for this project is that: colonization strategies of microorganisms inhabiting ar y was designed to examine the microbial ecosystems of endolithic habitats in the arid and hyper rganization of the endolithic microbial ecosystems discovered in january 2010 in the atacama de the role played by water vapour on the colonization strategies of endolithic organisms. this p ssible biosignatures left behind by the microbial activity of extant lithobiontic ecosystems in crobial activity of extant lithobiontic ecosystems in the atacama desert and dry valleys of ant tors that will provide new insight into climate change in regions as sensitive to global warmin hange in regions as sensitive to global warming as are deserts. |
12146 | 9 | hication-related disturbances in forest ecosystem. increased amounts of plant and . at the edge
. at the edges of the colony changes of vegetation, fungi and soil biota take place. nature and ation, fungi and soil biota take place. nature and dynamics of these changes must be investigat n order to understand resilience of the ecosystem to the impact of the cormorant colony and its roject aims to shape a scheme of forest ecosystem functioning under an impact of hypertrophicat ted by including additional elements of ecosystem – mammals, insects and wood-inhabiting fungi. s linking them with expansion rates and productivity of the cormorant colony. results of the pr . also the changes of mammal and insect community structure, species composition and functional employed for making a scheme of forest ecosystem functioning under an impact of hypertrophicat |
15339 | 6 | ollinators. the anatomy of the eye, the nature of the photoreceptors and the neural connectivit
re of the photoreceptors and the neural connectivity of the visual system differ between insect ortant implications for the ecology and evolution of plant-pollinator networks. this is because ifferent flowers affects their relative efficiency at exploiting them and the profitability of of visiting such flowers when there is competition for resources. differences in visual system ent sizes against their background as a function of the contrast between background and object. |
15327 | 15 | the recent intergovernmental panel on climate change report predicted large temperature incre
n climate change report predicted large temperature increases during the current century. the u . the unprecedented combination of this temperature rise with other already well-established st r already well-established stressors of ecosystems will most likely lead to the resilience of t likely lead to the resilience of these ecosystems being exceeded. research and conservation at ntion needs to focus not only on global warming and each of the other stressors individually, b . streams are among the most threatened ecosystems on earth despite their critical ecological r they provide. current impacts on stream ecosystems will most likely interact with climate warmi osystems will most likely interact with climate warming, with combined effects that are difficu will most likely interact with climate warming, with combined effects that are difficult to pr re consequences on stream biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, and ecosystem services to humans. biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, and ecosystem services to humans. we predict that climate w tem services to humans. we predict that climate warming will exacerbate the current effects of ices to humans. we predict that climate warming will exacerbate the current effects of stressor rs . our results will determine whether climate-change-related increased temperatures are likel |
9857 | 9 | s very important for us to find out how climate changed in the past. without knowing, we cannot
owing, we cannot predict how the future climate might behave. global, systematic measurements o are currently experiencing accelerating climate change. the layers of ocean sediments in these hich can provide information about past climate. benthic foraminifers in particular live in the ant benthic morphospecies used for past climate reconstruction in the north east atlantic to pr orth east atlantic to produce a unified classification scheme. from our high resolution samplin ll be able to produce a new bioprovince distribution map for the present day northeast atlantic ognition would allow the exploration of seasonality in the fossil record. do foram shells of th the survival of species and drive their evolution through time. |
9892 | 9 | s very important for us to find out how climate changed in the past. without knowing, we cannot
owing, we cannot predict how the future climate might behave. global, systematic measurements o are currently experiencing accelerating climate change. the layers of ocean sediments in these hich can provide information about past climate. benthic foraminifers in particular live in the ant benthic morphospecies used for past climate reconstruction in the north east atlantic to pr orth east atlantic to produce a unified classification scheme. from our high resolution samplin ll be able to produce a new bioprovince distribution map for the present day northeast atlantic ognition would allow the exploration of seasonality in the fossil record. do foram shells of th the survival of species and drive their evolution through time. |
14149 | 15 | ity on the structure and functioning of ecosystems across different habitats of the baltic sea.
ce, current flow, water stratification, sedimentation, oxygen deficiency, salinity regime, poll w, water stratification, sedimentation, oxygen deficiency, salinity regime, pollution, and amon tion, sedimentation, oxygen deficiency, salinity regime, pollution, and among biotic processes of invasive alien species, primary and secondary production, benthic-pelagic coupling, herbivo y production, benthic-pelagic coupling, herbivory, competition and predation. we identify facto n, benthic-pelagic coupling, herbivory, competition and predation. we identify factors that cau ic coupling, herbivory, competition and predation. we identify factors that cause differences a fy factors that cause differences among ecosystems in sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic ss to many european databases on marine ecosystems. meta-analyses are used to compare results f ts from different regions, sub-regions, ecosystems or habitats. therefore the results of this p can be applied at least at pan-european scale. the aim of this project is to provide the knowle port innovative environmental planning. indicators of change will be identified and guidelines vironmental status of currently damaged ecosystems, highlight those under threat and therefore mentation of the eu water framework and habitat directives, marine strategy and imo guidelines. |
14898 | 2 | . moreover, due to their sensibility to climate change and habitat alteration and fragmentation
their sensibility to climate change and habitat alteration and fragmentation, are widely used a |
13976 | 4 | ently preserve biodiversity and benefit development of the society. we will use ecological biod
rds are affected by shore exploitation, nature reserves and boat traffic. the analysis will als his will encompass a description of the function of present legal instruments, an analysis of t ly find new instruments for sustainable development in the archipelago. |
2150 | 2 | mpact of bottom trawling on the benthic community. in norway, considerable damage to deep-water
d to the closure of areas and initiated mapping of larger bottom areas of the barents sea. in t |
11119 | 1 | ns, specifically, plant defence against herbivory. in contrast, cooperative interactions have r
|
11836 | 8 | ways, within volcaniclastic deposits by precipitation of silica dissolved from ashes or as sili
ant because eruptions cause flooding of vegetation in the vicinity of vents and thus not only e t also animals and microbes, even whole ecosystems in situ. such occurrences are rare in the fo otland. however, studies of present-day vegetation growing in the vicinity of hot springs e.g. mate the degree to which the hot spring ecosystems are typical of either normal dry-land/wetlan l of either normal dry-land/wetland, or salinity stressed wetland ecosystems. following detaile d/wetland, or salinity stressed wetland ecosystems. following detailed anatomical description w h are indicative of adaptation to water stress/physiological drought, or are connected with wit |
10333 | 6 | ecology is possible using natural micro-ecosystems rather than experimentally assembled microco
icroecosystem, we demonstrated that the connectivity of landscape patches is a critical factor itical factor determining local species richness . here we propose to use this micro-ecosystem ess . here we propose to use this micro-ecosystem to test the effect of community disassembly o s micro-ecosystem to test the effect of community disassembly on ecosystem functioning. the res the effect of community disassembly on ecosystem functioning. the results will have implicatio |
10729 | 5 | 5 forest patches of different sizes and connectivity located in six landscapes of the imperille
ments necessary to sustain a functional ecosystem. these questions will be tested with the use s in phylogenetics, population biology, community ecology, landscape ecology, and multivariate erstanding of the processes that govern community dynamics in fragmented landscapes and the con alteration for maintaining a functional ecosystem, and will generate solid predictions that can |
9936 | 7 | at present it is unclear whether carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in freshwater and marine sy
versity of methanogens selected by each habitat. moreover, the commonly held view that acetate nd 13c-labelling of archaeal lipids, to ecosystem function. carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in fres archaeal lipids, to ecosystem function. carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in freshwater, marine and e be investigated by incubation of intact sediment cores injected with 14c-labelled substrates an the validity of a stable isotope proxy model that is commonly used to study carbon-flow pathwa xy model that is commonly used to study carbon-flow pathways in freshwater and marine environme |
10701 | 7 | at present it is unclear whether carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in freshwater and marine sy
versity of methanogens selected by each habitat. moreover, the commonly held view that acetate nd 13c-labelling of archaeal lipids, to ecosystem function. carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in fres archaeal lipids, to ecosystem function. carbon-flow pathways to ch4 in freshwater, marine and e be investigated by incubation of intact sediment cores injected with 14c-labelled substrates an the validity of a stable isotope proxy model that is commonly used to study carbon-flow pathwa xy model that is commonly used to study carbon-flow pathways in freshwater and marine environme |
15252 | 5 | val amphibians at the interspecific and community levels and their latitudinal variation. we in
at higher risk of extinction to global warming since their environmental temperatures are clos ng a latitudinal gradient from tropical climate plasticity in metamorphic traits to pond drying pical climate plasticity in metamorphic traits to pond drying under thermal stress. this inform hic traits to pond drying under thermal stress. this information will allow to examine how clos |
6834 | 2 | lamiaceae. their absence, presence and distribution will be studied on species, genera level.
constituents of some species during the vegetation period . the data, obtained could well be us |
15499 | 15 | est the broad idea that, along with the evolution of the well-known domestication syndrome, lif
the well-known domestication syndrome, life history theory and plant physiological ecology wou ical ecology would predict the parallel evolution of another whole suite of characters, made of ther whole suite of characters, made of traits dragged either by correlative developmental cons ion under cultivation. this may include traits linked to water and nutrient use efficiency, to traits linked to water and nutrient use efficiency, to interactions with other organisms, or to nisms, or to after-life effects on soil function through microbial use of leaf litter and dead soil function through microbial use of leaf litter and dead roots. we have some scattered and inages, and across multiple interacting traits. here, we will use comparative ecology to identi nsequences over biotic interactions and ecosystem properties. in this specific project, we want tes to modern domesticates, in terms of evolution of ecological strategies 2 has domestication ngi and n-fixing bacteria and 3 did the evolution of novel plant strategies under domestication der domestication had consequences over ecosystem nutrient cycling dynamics specifically, do cr ots, and trigger faster litter and root decomposition rates than their wild ancestors we will r decomposability assays, and will screen traits in a set of 30 pairs of sister species of ancest |
15403 | 7 | side of basic research in the field of herbivory under conditions of insularity and an applied
n some mediterranean islands quaternary vegetation evolved with herbivorous mammals that had a major regulatory role. thus the current vegetation could absorb the impact of the introduction this breed and increasing the impact on vegetation. in particular it is intended, by the microh ermine the availability of food, animal density and habitat use of the last. finally we expecte vailability of food, animal density and habitat use of the last. finally we expected to calcula d domestic goat thus detecting possible competition between them. the information obtained will |
10195 | 2 | resolution, revealing both the general nature and specific instances of chromosomal rearrangem
, biomedicine, and to the mechanisms of evolution and speciation. |
13709 | 1 | investigate the mechanisms and rates of evolution in wolbachia. the four strains that will be u
|
10525 | 8 | al part of the processes in the natural environment, and also potential very useful sources of
tant part of animal life. our digestive function is changed by probiotics, indicating bacteria a are of vital importance in making the nutrients in grass usable by the animal. more widely, m ia are responsible for the synthesis of nutrients not available in the diet. b helpful to the i rcumstances-for instance, they increase resistance to pathogens and parasites. c parasitic, man portant for our understanding of insect function in the natural environment-but these questions nding of insect function in the natural environment-but these questions are not well resolved. kely to be important in parasitism/host function . the genome sequence of a. triatominarum will |
15233 | 6 | lic capabilities. as a consequence, its distribution is almost universal, occupying many ecolog
s, oxidation of inorganic compounds and resistance to toxic metals aerobically, and anaerobical eir potential to acquire genes from the environment; this might explain, at least in part, the g of the acquisition mechanisms and the function of new metabolic routes, as well as their inte es, as well as their integration in the metabolism of the receptor. a comparative genomic analy l greatly increase our knowledge on the evolution of the species, and on the adaptation of the |
14220 | 12 | identifying the determinants of species abundance is a fundamental challenge in ecology with fa
differences have been noted in temporal abundance patterns of insects between temperate and tro insect populations, and identified some species traits that affect population dynamics, this is ntified some species traits that affect population dynamics, this issue is still very open in t with studies of spatial congruence and life history, and take a phylogenetic comparative persp enetic comparative perspective. using a community of tropical butterflies as the model system, ommunity of tropical butterflies as the model system, we will test major hypotheses on what fac determining population changes, and how life history traits determine emergent properties of tr opulation changes, and how life history traits determine emergent properties of tropical insect d significantly to our understanding of life history evolution and community structure in tropi ly to our understanding of life history evolution and community structure in tropical forests a rstanding of life history evolution and community structure in tropical forests and provide the |
14131 | 3 | enomena that have generated the current distribution of biodiversity. this approach, called com
ult from the interactions of species in ecosystems. until now, very few studies have been publi nd reveal refuge areas and post-glacial migration patterns, we have chosen for comparison mamma |
14813 | 4 | es that share their circunmediterranean distribution by means of chloroplastic microsatellites
ir use in restoring ornamental and wood ecosystems, these being: arbutus unedo l., celtis austr h species spread out over their area of distribution will be studied. the chosen markers are cp edity, suitable to learn the geographic distribution of their genetic variability, and they als |
6913 | 5 | growth analysis and ecophysiological research are aimed
teractions between the various factors. growth analysis is an ideal method for studying the ind correlations between the yield and the growth of maize plants, between the yield and photosynt art in the ecophysiological studies and growth analysis. three junior scientists will be workin the framework of the project. a book on growth analysis and yield formation and papers in scien |
10008 | 7 | ises our general understanding of venom evolution in the animal kingdom. this study aims to rem
sor molecules are the templates for the production of toxin proteins. by comparing the profiles ess important questions relating to the evolution of venoms and venomous organisms. the most ba tein, and this can change the protein s function to be more effective as a toxin. preliminary w nfer whether particular episodes in the evolution of centipedes are associated with bouts of to edes are associated with bouts of toxin evolution as well. we can also infer, by incorporating nderstanding of the pattern of toxin in evolution across all animals. we can use the new data a |
15137 | 4 | n perfumes and crafts, and in restoring ecosystems. the selected species are: chamaerops humili
ch species, spread out over their whole distribution area, would be studied. the chosen markers rs are suitable to learn the geographic distribution of genetic variability and, usually, prese le responses of each species studied to climate change. |
10792 | 2 | ome of the extent to which open oceanic sedimentation encroaches onto the continental blocks du
-level stands. we will also compare the nature of the deep-sea sedimentary rock and fossil reco |
11569 | 2 | ome of the extent to which open oceanic sedimentation encroaches onto the continental blocks du
-level stands. we will also compare the nature of the deep-sea sedimentary rock and fossil reco |
7662 | 14 | ts strongly anthropised. processing and habitat loss are probably the major cause of loss of bi
ts strongly anthropised. processing and habitat loss are probably the major cause of loss of bi at threatens the maintenance of aquatic ecosystems but also human health. the effects of multi- l not well known on continental aquatic ecosystems. goals this project is part of the biologica t of the biological responses component model organisms, it aims to develop a relevant tool mea f genotoxicity exerted during embryonic development or germ cells. genotoxicity ecological rele s: bioavailability of substances in the environment, the level of biological evolution of the o he environment, the level of biological evolution of the organization and repair of DNA. repair . repair of DNA strongly influences the stability of the lesions and therefore the genotoxic re er than the genotoxicity of the aquatic environment. This strengthens the hypothesis that the e to maintaining populations in anthropic environment. to interpret the link between genotoxicity y organizations and genotoxicity of the environment, we must determine what are the repair capa low-dose chemical substance in an urban environment in a fresh water body model, the zebra muss urban environment in a fresh water body model, the zebra mussel. the zebra mussel is an invasiv |
2478 | 21 | marine ecosystems the world over are experiencing increasing n
substantial change to the structure and function of these ecosystems. society has recognized th to the structure and function of these ecosystems. society has recognized that living marine r sources require management in a broader ecosystem context. this proposal follows on from the su inanced by the rcn. it conducted marine ecosystem comparisons based primarily on observational tive studies by using several different ecosystem models and expand the geographic coverage to ff norway. we will apply four different modeling approaches and compare the structure and funct re the structure and functioning of the ecosystems in this manner. these approaches include eco pproaches include ecopath, multispecies production models, biophysical models and the atlantis dels and the atlantis end-to-end system model. for the two former models there will be very lit e developments needed, but the atlantis model has not been set up for norwegian waters, and dev gian waters, and developing an atlantis model for the barents sea will be a major part of the p ea will be a major part of the project. ecosystem indicators are measures metrics that provide a major part of the project. ecosystem indicators are measures metrics that provide informatio racteristics of the system. we will use indicators 1 for comparing models and ecosystems, 2 in e indicators 1 for comparing models and ecosystems, 2 in assessment of ecosystem status, and 3 dels and ecosystems, 2 in assessment of ecosystem status, and 3 as a means to monitor model per tem status, and 3 as a means to monitor model performance against observations. indicators will model performance against observations. indicators will therefore be the key metric for compari e the key metric for comparison between ecosystems as well as a link between the models and eco s well as a link between the models and ecosystem management, and thus a core element of the pr |
10091 | 2 | understanding the structure and function of microbial communities is the fundamental pr
ctivity of microbial communities in the environment is extremely difficult. this proposal seeks |
12617 | 17 | the extent of feedback between climate change and the terrestrial carbon cycle is one
ween climate change and the terrestrial carbon cycle is one of the main uncertainties in predic uncertainties in predictions of future climate change. soil carbon dynamics are a key element n predictions of future climate change. soil carbon dynamics are a key element of this because ontain two or three times the amount of carbon as in vegetation or the atmosphere. in 2005 cran three times the amount of carbon as in vegetation or the atmosphere. in 2005 cranfield publish ory of england and wales for changes in soil carbon during the 1980s and 90s. this showed gains the 1980s and 90s. this showed gains in carbon in some soils, but large losses in others and ov across all types of land use, a link to climate change was suggested. subsequent studies have s uggested. subsequent studies have shown climate change probably was in part responsible, but th tever the reasons, such a large loss of carbon from soils has serious implications for the glob has serious implications for the global carbon cycle, for the possibility of sequestering carbo le, for the possibility of sequestering carbon in soils, and for the ability of soils to perfor and these fail to detect the changes in soil carbon observed in the nsi. the reaons for the dif tain about 2 thousand million tonnes of carbon, detecting a change of even 4 million tonnes is his project will provide an independent evaluation of the findings of the two surveys by a stat eld and ceh. given that our datasets on soil carbon in england and wales are among the most com |
14202 | 1 | n and livestock zoonoses as well as for evaluation of the significance of each borrelia species
|
14656 | 3 | one of the principal expressions of the global change that affects the planet is the increase i
ite and ammonium. nevertheless, certain salinity can increase the penetration of ruv-b in water ose to test the effect of low levels of salinity on the combined effect of uv-b and nitrogenous |
2004 | 4 | we use new insights in possible chaotic behavior of multi-taxa systems. parallel to this, we wi
l analyze the same diversity changes as function of the principal parameters of global change f function of the principal parameters of global change from climate-sensitive cores at 2550 m ab ncipal parameters of global change from climate-sensitive cores at 2550 m above sea level in th |
14426 | 5 | aim: investigation and ecological evaluation of hydro-ecosystem status of dam lakes, used
tion and ecological evaluation of hydro-ecosystem status of dam lakes, used for net cage aquacu akes, used for net cage aquaculture and development of a methodology for determination of the m of problems and negative effects on the environment, caused mainly by the released fish faeces od and the type of the used feed, water temperature etc. |
7720 | 2 | in the humid tropics have enabled the development of high human densities in sometimes ungrat
ive approach is implemented through the participation of researchers from different disciplines |
12685 | 1 | th the environmental protection , and a review of other applicable methods. the results of the
|
11302 | 9 | s. firstly, orangutans are an important model for the locomotor ecology of arboreal animals and
on of the miocene fossil record and the evolution of locomotor diversity in the living apes. fi ed light on the formative stages of the evolution of our own bipedality. the suggestion that bi ostures might enable either transfer of energy between joints; or the transfer of energy from t ergy between joints; or the transfer of energy from the flexible branches to the orangutan, in the same way as human athletes recover energy when running on springy running tracks. to study mplete picture of internal and external energy storage and transfer during arboreal bipedality. lso complement these data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and bet se data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and between joints in sit |
11309 | 9 | s. firstly, orangutans are an important model for the locomotor ecology of arboreal animals and
on of the miocene fossil record and the evolution of locomotor diversity in the living apes. fi ed light on the formative stages of the evolution of our own bipedality. the suggestion that bi ostures might enable either transfer of energy between joints; or the transfer of energy from t ergy between joints; or the transfer of energy from the flexible branches to the orangutan, in the same way as human athletes recover energy when running on springy running tracks. to study mplete picture of internal and external energy storage and transfer during arboreal bipedality. lso complement these data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and bet se data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and between joints in sit |
11831 | 9 | s. firstly, orangutans are an important model for the locomotor ecology of arboreal animals and
on of the miocene fossil record and the evolution of locomotor diversity in the living apes. fi ed light on the formative stages of the evolution of our own bipedality. the suggestion that bi ostures might enable either transfer of energy between joints; or the transfer of energy from t ergy between joints; or the transfer of energy from the flexible branches to the orangutan, in the same way as human athletes recover energy when running on springy running tracks. to study mplete picture of internal and external energy storage and transfer during arboreal bipedality. lso complement these data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and bet se data with computer modeling to mimic energy transfer from branches and between joints in sit |
10181 | 7 | this study will focus on a model species for behavioural and ecological research,
rs. are these differences caused by the environment, including their experience in the egg, or g of how organisms are adapted to their environment and the extent to which this adaptation is w organisms have evolved to exploit the environment, this knowledge is vital to our understandi sms will cope with our rapidly changing environment - either due to climate change or habitat l ly changing environment - either due to climate change or habitat loss. nment - either due to climate change or habitat loss. |
11764 | 3 | te triassic period were involved in the evolution of quadrupedality and also to test the stabil
of quadrupedality and also to test the stability of walking/running at different speeds with d eeds with different gaits. finally, the evolution of these systems will be investigated by comb |
11653 | 3 | ic hypotheses concerning the origin and evolution of birds. hitherto, unstudiable morphology of
to test phylogenies and the sequence of development of the avian ear. data sets for significant dern birds. in addition to the discrete nature of the project, it will make available new and i |
10563 | 6 | resolved in some way for the society to function. the most fundamental conflict concerns the di
most fundamental conflict concerns the distribution of reproduction. animal societies vary eno reproductive skew , which measures the evenness with which reproduction is distributed among g the first experiment of this kind large-scale on a free-living population of banded mongooses t hich individuals exert control over the distribution of reproduction, and provide information o n of causality between variation in the distribution of reproduction and variation in individua |
11690 | 6 | resolved in some way for the society to function. the most fundamental conflict concerns the di
most fundamental conflict concerns the distribution of reproduction. animal societies vary eno reproductive skew , which measures the evenness with which reproduction is distributed among g the first experiment of this kind large-scale on a free-living population of banded mongooses t hich individuals exert control over the distribution of reproduction, and provide information o n of causality between variation in the distribution of reproduction and variation in individua |
11435 | 5 | s the leading theory for explaining the evolution of social behaviour in organisms. the theory
ntal basis, and the need to explain the complexity of animal sociality, investigating kin selec her reproductive drifters are losers in dominance battles with resident workers. we will also m ill be broad because of the fundamental nature of the research, widespread interest in social e research, widespread interest in social evolution, and the possibility that the results will ca |
7490 | 15 | elivering food, fibre and bio-fuels and carbon storage. however, the demand is greater than the
r than the amount of soil available, as production of bio-fuels competes with areas for food pr bio-fuels competes with areas for food production and nature. moreover, intensified land use r etes with areas for food production and nature. moreover, intensified land use reduces soil bio ces soil biodiversity and the resulting ecosystem services. soilservice will value soil biodive soil biodiversity through the impact on ecosystem services and propose how these values can be biodiversity surveys to construct soil food web models and determine effects of changing soil ffects of changing soil biodiversity on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosph iversity on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as ass on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as assess cons and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as assess consequences for aluing soil biodiversity in relation to ecosystem services. objectives: develop methods to valu jectives: develop methods to value soil ecosystem services during different pressure of land us changes in soil biodiversity. field and modelling studies will determine to what spatial and te poral scales soil biodiversity and soil ecosystem services are vulnerable to disturbance. |
15240 | 2 | altruism and cooperation are evident traits of social insects. less obvious are the numerous
een, the workers and the larvae for the production of new queens. in effect, young larvae are g |
13337 | 4 | o the two other components, species and ecosystems. the congress consortium aims to rectify thi
ps 1 – 5 which will provide a one-stop, community-enabled web portal, including the following c er advisory group, who will oversee the development of these tools and ensure their utility for tools and ensure their utility for the community who will benefit from them. |
15241 | 2 | coastal waters has experienced a great development in recent years. however, these advances do
units grazing causes impact on seagrass ecosystems, inducing changes in their dynamics and/or h |
10279 | 8 | anisms have a planktonic phase in their life history and spend the first days or weeks of their
ological processes including the global distribution of species, the creation of new species, a usually taken to infer levels of larval connectivity. the first uses detailed oceanographic mod xamine the genetic structure and larval connectivity of the massive coral montastraea annularis s natural history is relatively easy to model which lends itself to modelling larval dispersal. ely easy to model which lends itself to modelling larval dispersal. therefore, we are able to p gene flow to predicted levels of larval connectivity. insight from this project will also suppo ill also support on-going activities to model the metapopulation dynamics of this important cor |
7433 | 1 | ty. assistance requested focuses on the recruitment of a doctoral student, on charges of experi
|
7155 | 5 | intensified human pressures on natural ecosystems: expansion of urbanization and transport inf
anization and transport infrastructure, development of industrial zones and increase of agricul ones and increase of agricultural land. habitat loss and fragmentation resulting from this land logy was first allowed to calibrate the model during its development phase, and then to test it lowed to calibrate the model during its development phase, and then to test its validity |
7161 | 2 | sive cereal plain is a highly anthropic environment, where biodiversity is declining. many heri
. many heritage species to optimize the abundance of food resources, and therefore the heritage |
10267 | 15 | e host has evolved genes which code for resistance mechanisms to reduce, or even eliminate, the
mple, be resistant to a parasite at one temperature but susceptible at another. in other words eptible at another. in other words some resistance genes are only functional in particular envi cularly relevant in the face of current environmental change where organisms in some areas are ge in environmental conditions, such as temperature and co2 levels. natural populations of orga dual variation in the genes controlling traits such as growth and flowering time. such genetic in the genes controlling traits such as growth and flowering time. such genetic variation is cr result of environmental factors such as temperature we know that some genes may only be functio ronments. if specific genes involved in resistance are, for example, consistently less able to for example, consistently less able to function at high temperatures, then it will mean a func ional decrease in genetic variation for resistance at these higher temperatures, and hence a hi ut to map out the impact of such genome-environment interactions. it will do this by measuring measuring genetic variation in parasite resistance in different populations of the plant arabid infection. it aims to understand how a temperature increase will change the ability of host po s to develop strategies for secure food production in future climates. |
468 | 6 | o a population, with or without feeding stress. main results are that the reproductive effort p
differ between populations, but feeding stress had no effect. lastly, a spatially distributed m spatially distributed matrix population model integrating passive larva dispersal and active ju rvival and fecundity was developed. the model was calibrated to fit fragment-level metapopulati an now be linked to secondary models of stress impact to simulate population level responses to simulate population level responses to global change. |
445 | 2 | ve cereal fields are highly transformed ecosystems where biodiversity is being lost. many patri
any patrimonial species to optimize the abundance of food resources and therefore of patrimonia |
10185 | 2 | ioural, morphological and physiological traits are shaped by natural and sexual selection. sexu
t genetic diversity. using experimental evolution in the fruitfly, drosophila pseudoobscura, we |
13879 | 8 | es have been attributed to agricultural intensification. to be able to propose adequate conserv
and the mechanisms whereby agricultural intensification affects bee populations. through its ef ects on farming practices and landscape heterogeneity, agricultural intensification may contrib d landscape heterogeneity, agricultural intensification may contribute to the decrease in polli utilize resources. therefore landscape complexity may affect bee diversity in a predictable wa whereby farming practices and landscape complexity affects species richness and population dens nd landscape complexity affects species richness and population densities will be investigated. ine bee foraging success and population growth. the results will be used to propose measures to |
15000 | 6 | ies genetically diverse may have higher growth rates and lower extinction risks. however, there
to the loss of genetic variability. in nature there are different types of selection, such as dy in which extent those changes in the environment and the populations affect genetic variabil cycles, population characteristics and distribution patterns, our aim is to work on those intr apability of the organisms, the spatial distribution of the subpopulations, the ecological nich portance for understanding properly the evolution, viability of the populations as well as the |
14947 | 5 | ies of individuals may also change as a function of individual, populational and environmental
between males and females, such as body growth patterns and morphology, including teeth, tooth ction as denoted by age-relative antler development, tooth wear, and other physiological traits nt, tooth wear, and other physiological traits such as the nature and amount of glandular secre other physiological traits such as the nature and amount of glandular secretions likely relate |
14752 | 3 | t in the rbbm, and to evaluate, through distribution analysis of species and their degrees of t
techniques, the isolation level and the distribution boundaries of the species and/or populatio t in the study area. we propose, like a model, to focus the study in the species of the genus x |
7220 | 3 | no, the location of fish shoals are all ecosystem services provided by seabird colonies. most r
to identify the conservation status and ecosystem services provided by marine birds in three co costs and benefits, economic and social ecosystem services rendered by seabirds. we have indeed |
13751 | 9 | the distribution and abundance of animals among habitats an
the distribution and abundance of animals among habitats and their relative mance in those habitats are crucial for population dynamics and the understanding of how animal animals vary in space and time. linking habitat selection and demography is thus important not ology but also for the understanding of population dynamics and how animals vary in space and t space and time. proper understanding of habitat selection is increasingly important today when portant today when human activities and environmental change may result in habitat selection be and environmental change may result in habitat selection becoming decoupled from habitat suita bitat selection becoming decoupled from habitat suitability will be very valuable for proper ma |
14897 | 1 | imited possibilities of survival and of development of its evolutionary potential, although eac
|
2159 | 5 | y binding private-public partnership in nature conservation and management. our hypotheses are:
are: 1 conflicts around designation of nature conservation areas are seldom founded on disagre the potential to moderate conflicts in nature conservation, and thereby increase the conservat , and thereby increase the conservation efficiency and help reducing loss of biodiversity and c maintenance of the actual resources. in nature conservation there is a need for closer interdis |
7471 | 4 | o the two other components, species and ecosystems. the congress consortium aims to rectify thi
wps 1 5 which will provide a one-stop, community-enabled web portal, including the following c er advisory group, who will oversee the development of these tools and ensure their utility for tools and ensure their utility for the community who will benefit from them |
6942 | 7 | diversity, intraspecific phylogeny and distribution history of three freshwater mollusc specie
the different patterns of their recent distribution reflect probably to their different biogeo refore, the three species are usable as model species of the different distribution types. the sable as model species of the different distribution types. the main basic research questions a intraspecific lineages and what kind of distribution pattern do they show - what are the system ecular phylogenetics contributes to the growth of the research community. considering that two ntributes to the growth of the research community. considering that two of the species are of h |
9916 | 1 | subadult foraging ground, developmental habitat and west and central african fishery harvests.
|
14829 | 3 | tic tags. finally, we will contrast the population dynamics inferred from the genetic patterns
inferred from the historical changes in habitat availability and distribution. cal changes in habitat availability and distribution. |
13414 | 1 | ith the scope of main project entitled ‘community based conservation of domestic animal genetic
|
14515 | 4 | kly islet , by using these birds as bio-indicators of the organochlorine and trace metal levels
us, instead of as a constraint to local development, promotes the perception of conservation as e quality of both, their life and their environment. the use of biomarkers, like stable isotope nvironment. the use of biomarkers, like stable isotopes, and pollutants combined with data on d |
13416 | 1 | tu conditions with the project entitled community based conservation of domestic animal genetic
|
15431 | 3 | e usefulness of ring recoveries to make distribution models of several bird species in winterin
anges are also useful to predict winter distribution to explore the geographical shifts of wint ictions in order to identify the future distribution of the most suitable sectors |
12174 | 3 | this research projects seeks to review current knowledge of the impacts of widely pract
edge of the impacts of widely practised vegetation management on the historic upland environmen ation management on the historic upland environment and to identify evidence based examples of |
14760 | 1 | project is the improvement of the maerl community knowledge in the atlantic iberian peninsula .
|
6959 | 12 | ffects of the human land use results in habitat destruction and seriously endanger the stabilit
destruction and seriously endanger the stability of populations. certain species of conservati covered different types of responses to environmental change, but very little is known about th ies diversity has been shown to enhance ecosystem resistance to disturbances, such as climate c ity has been shown to enhance ecosystem resistance to disturbances, such as climate change, and tem resistance to disturbances, such as climate change, and, in certain biotopes, it has been s species. the aim of this project is the evaluation of ecological, morphological and genetic div luenced landscape in the characteristic habitat complexes of the pannonian ecoregion. genetic d ecological and genetic diversity due to intensification of land use and climate change in terre due to intensification of land use and climate change in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems wi imate change in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems will be possible. these results can provide e. these results can provide support to nature conservation to better focus financial and human |
7711 | 6 | , the pac is on the hot seat. intensive production models, which has specialized and simplified
ntation of the operating systems to the production of public goods that meet societal expectati est forms of support to be given to the production of public goods by agriculture. the objectiv of this project lies in the successive evaluation of the production of public goods in differe ies in the successive evaluation of the production of public goods in different public policy f lture would be promoted to maximize the production of public goods as interpreted a given refer |
14654 | 1 | s host will take place in their natural habitat, and those with the pin-tailed whydah and the e
|
14487 | 2 | ic relations, like brood parasitism and predation, we find conspicuous visual designs, sometime
of the present project to find out the function of these visual designs in several species of |
2526 | 12 | the symbioses project initiates development of an integrated modeling framework for eco
initiates development of an integrated modeling framework for ecosystem based assessments with of an integrated modeling framework for ecosystem based assessments with application to the lof nts sea region. the proposed integrated modeling system combines 6 existing component models in single integrated framework to simulate ecosystem interactions together with the uptake, bio-tr of petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine ecosystem. this allows for the simultaneous analysis of oleum industry activities on the marine ecosystem with the potential to include other perturbat consortium of field, experimental, and modeling experts in ecology, ecotoxicology, and risk as ss: 1. construction; 2. testing; and 3. optimization. the completion of all steps will realize steps will realize a fully functioning ecosystem simulation and analysis tool to soundly asses ing financial support from one end-user community, initiates the first step of this three step system, we will establish an integrated modeling framework at the university of tromsø supercom |
7103 | 7 | th for research and for action - in the development and evaluation of environmental public acti
and for action - in the development and evaluation of environmental public action in particular tivities. we propose an analysis of the development available to the management of wolf populat of biodiversity conservation issues and development of agriculture. the scientific challenge is rehensive presentation of the political development of wolf populations in france. such analysi the possibilities of interaction for a production"integrated"knowledge and better efficiency t duction"integrated"knowledge and better efficiency thereof for managing |
12294 | 1 | o specification provided by defra. 1 to review nfu/clas proposed work on management description
|
10436 | 8 | eproduction. food resources provide the energy, and refuge resources the opportunity, to surviv
oit limiting resources. this process of competition combines with extrinsic processes such as p mbines with extrinsic processes such as predation and disease to determine the match between pa the match between patterns of consumer abundance and patterns of resource-rich habitat. the pr abundance and patterns of resource-rich habitat. the proposed study will experimentally deplete experimentally deplete and redistribute habitat for populations of consumers. habitat loss is o e habitat for populations of consumers. habitat loss is one of the principal causes of species imental refuge sites, and watering with nutrients will increase the available food in test area |
2014 | 8 | question in ecology. seed dispersal and density-dependent mortality are central processes in th
y. seed dispersal and density-dependent mortality are central processes in the major current th e diversity. however, theorists usually model dispersal using smooth, leptokurtic functions. th only is seed survival dependent on the density of conspecific seeds, survival may also be affe red natural enemies , context-dependent seed predation, and seedling establishment. finally, i seedling establishment. finally, i will model dispersal and predation to explore how contagious nt. finally, i will model dispersal and predation to explore how contagiousness and apparent co explore how contagiousness and apparent competition affect species diversity. |
12348 | 3 | key customer purpose to assist in the development of a uk strategy for the management of cont
al. summary objectives to establish the scale of the problem of contaminated sediments in uk ha ce within the principles of sustainable development. – guidance and assessment to validate the |
12611 | 4 | tion will enable the identification and evaluation of the drivers for technology selection and
reas for potential further research and development, which may also attract investment, both of aminated land contractor and consultant community through the planned questionnaires, it will b the whole contaminated land stakeholder community. |
11027 | 4 | tural experiment in which anthropogenic environmental change is forcing biotic response on a gl
is forcing biotic response on a global scale. short term ecological data have only been accumu aribbean-wide decline of extensive reef ecosystems during the early miocene, however the precis l help guide further study of the local-scale details of the event with the overall aim of deve |
11070 | 3 | oil co2 efflux is driven by autotrophic respiration; i.e. the flux of carbon occurring directly
totrophic respiration; i.e. the flux of carbon occurring directly from plant roots and indirect fungi to soil co2 efflux in response to climate manipulation. |
12248 | 4 | and compliment two previous projects; a review of research papers, reports and other publicatio
y specific text. this will indicate the nature of the conflict and examine the potential to ove ting ees objectives. this might include development, or establishment, of benchmarks against wh ain, in part, an update of the report a review of research papers, reports and other publicatio |
10404 | 19 | t biodiversity affects the way in which ecosystems perform, such as the rate at which carbon is
tems perform, such as the rate at which carbon is recycled or stored. but biodiversity has many onents, and we have recently shown that community composition , rather than the number of speci s the key factor in regulating rates of carbon turnover. however, a largely ignored component o own that the number of individuals in a community has significant impacts on plant productivity munity has significant impacts on plant productivity by affecting competitive abilities of spec s have also demonstrated that key plant traits related to carbon cycling are highly variable wi trated that key plant traits related to carbon cycling are highly variable within species. thes s potentially important consequences on carbon turnover. this project therefore seeks to discov h plant intraspecific diversity affects carbon turnover in species-rich limestone grassland. mo s to mimic the variation that occurs in nature. we will measure the carbon content of soil in a t occurs in nature. we will measure the carbon content of soil in a number of important physica rtant physical fractions and release of carbon as co2 from the soil surface. in addition, we wi - a natural and easily distinguishable carbon isotope - to enable us to quantify the amount of to enable us to quantify the amount of carbon that plants allocate to soils. this will enable ng of how genotypic diversity regulates carbon turnover. the data will be analysed alongside th alongside the comprehensive datasets on productivity of individuals already obtained in past pr f intraspecific diversity in regulating carbon turnover. the work will further our understandin of biodiversity that are important for carbon turnover, and the soil factors that may regulate |
7534 | 1 | ct aims to test the hypothesis of a co- evolution between a virus transmitted vegetatively and
|
7381 | 1 | the genetic diversity of maize and its evolution will be evaluated through the ssap markers on
|
12729 | 4 | nce-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services note: as a contribution, there is no
defra report. the funding supported the production of analysis and information prior to the wor rts are available on the united nations environment programme website: http://ipbes.net/previou nce-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services unep/ipbes/3/3 |
12714 | 3 | be managed for defra by the sustainable development programme officer based in the embassy in b
grating conservation in the sustainable development agenda. this project will enable the brazil ies involved in this project will be to review existing national and international approaches a |
12711 | 2 | commission initiated ‘the economics of ecosystems and biodiversity. teeb runs to 2010 will est
runs to 2010 will estimate the value of ecosystem services and produce outputs in autumn 2009 a |
12713 | 1 | nce-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services
|
14639 | 1 | e rejection of the helminths and/or the evolution to the chronicity observed in some cases. to
|
12746 | 1 | on to the achievement of the millennium development goals.
|
15224 | 6 | -depth analysis of the wealth of fauna, phenology and bioecology, family culicidae, in order to
es provided by these tools, to help the development of the project on issues such as the distin mal pathogens. the ultimate goal is the development of an epidemiological map of the study area al map of the study area, including the distribution of harvested species, the evolution of wea distribution of harvested species, the evolution of weather data recorded and the data availab enerate a bio-ecological and functional classification of the species caught in order to establ |
15483 | 6 | humans challenges our understanding of evolution through natural selection and it is a much de
igate whether cooperation prevails over competition in several aspects of social life in the cr ion, we will investigate whether social facilitation can help individuals to overcome neophobia this species, will help to explain the stability of cooperatively breeding groups, and will sh ding groups, and will shed light on the function of each member in different contexts of group with almost no exchange, hindering the development of a comprehensive theory of cooperation. |
11144 | 4 | the evolution of cooperative behaviour is a fundamental and
such as fish stocks or failure to curb carbon emissions are obvious examples. an extensive the t has a supportive and thermoregulatory function; and individual nest chambers embedded beneath mine whether this effort is costly. the function of the public goods will also be quantified by |
10315 | 20 | southern ocean has a unique and iconic ecosystem. it includes vast reserves of krill which cou
lsewhere. it helps stabilise the global climate by absorbing greenhouse gases and it supplies s e gases and it supplies some of the key nutrients which sustain life in other oceans. these fun the crucial role of the southern ocean ecosystem in the workings of the earth as a whole. ther e is strong evidence that risk posed by climate change is more severe and imminent for the sout ere and imminent for the southern ocean ecosystem than almost any other marine ecosystem. this ecosystem than almost any other marine ecosystem. this threatens the ecosystem s ability to de er marine ecosystem. this threatens the ecosystem s ability to deliver the benefits described a above. assessment of the southern ocean ecosystem s likely responses to change is required to s g together scientists with expertise on ecosystems, climate and biogeochemistry , the global pr cientists with expertise on ecosystems, climate and biogeochemistry , the global programme whic t will assess the state of knowledge on environmental change and biological responses, and prod ojections of the biological response to climate change. the second workshop, for which we are r efforts to predict how the structure of food webs responds to change and produce projections of o change and produce projections of how food webs might change in future. these workshops shoul help to ensure that the southern ocean ecosystem s response to change is given due considerati ment. we are at a critical point in the development of iced, where we need to maintain momentum challenge of integrating southern ocean ecosystem, climate and biogeochemical research. this wi f integrating southern ocean ecosystem, climate and biogeochemical research. this will ensure p ted, understanding of the structure and function of the southern ocean, its response to change |
7453 | 3 | el strategies employed for survival and growth. such studies are essential in understanding how
early identifiable, dynamic and durable community. establishing this community will encourage g nd durable community. establishing this community will encourage greater inter-disciplinarity a |
10978 | 3 | dominant grazers of many phytoplankton mortality to determining sex ratios will be developed.
ons of the relative control of food and predators. an optimal life-history model will be develo and predators. an optimal life-history model will be developed in order for us to examine diff |
11429 | 3 | dominant grazers of many phytoplankton mortality to determining sex ratios will be developed.
ons of the relative control of food and predators. an optimal life-history model will be develo and predators. an optimal life-history model will be developed in order for us to examine diff |
7515 | 1 | ations of their hosts. . 1 what are the colonization routes groupers in the mediterranean basin
|
13821 | 9 | nvestigates how the social and physical environment influences behavioural performance in a com
es behavioural performance in a complex environment. animals process information about several sume more food, and respond faster to a predator attack than unfamiliar individuals. these resu ces the ability to find prey and detect predators, predicting that the advantage of familiarity e of familiarity will increase with the complexity of the foraging task. part 2: since aggressi uccessful in finding prey and detecting predators than less aggressive individuals. part 3: as e individuals. part 3: as environmental complexity stimulate neural growth in mammals, we predi vironmental complexity stimulate neural growth in mammals, we predict that fish reared in simpl simple habitats will show reduced brain development, lower capacity to perform complex foraging |
11587 | 7 | cognise that we need to manage using an ecosystem based approach while at the same time maintai
dustry in management decisions. such an ecosystem approach requires a more mechanistic understa understanding of the role the physical environment plays whilst also taking into account multi hilst also taking into account multiple species interactions. it is also clear, as more demand hysical mechanisms that may lead to the facilitation of predator-prey interactions. this resear ms that may lead to the facilitation of predator-prey interactions. this research will greatly derstanding needed for implementing the ecosystem approach to sustainable fisheries management. |
11564 | 1 | obal human activities into biodiversity-ecosystem functioning in marine sediments.
|
2483 | 2 | plex marine habitats on earth. no other environment is host to so many fish species, with such
ld chromis neoglyphidodon nigroris as a model species. comparative work will be based on data c |
10653 | 1 | gical forms that each mimic a different model. from breeding studies it is well known that a si
|
11274 | 1 | general biological implications of ear function have been investigated thoroughly. the soft ti
|
10073 | 4 | finite lifespans in fact, reproduction, growth, repair and longevity are often negatively assoc
tion in genetic knowledge available for model organisms such as the fruitfly makes this an idea y college london. it will involve large-scale tests of the effect on longevity of blocking vari results on a national and international scale. the outputs will be high quality, basic research |
10635 | 21 | the environment that an individual experiences during growt
t that an individual experiences during growth and development has profound implications for th ndividual experiences during growth and development has profound implications for the future he lose relations often provide the social environment in which growth and development takes place provide the social environment in which growth and development takes place. however, because pa social environment in which growth and development takes place. however, because parental care important effects for the diversity and evolution of life-history traits and behaviours such as diversity and evolution of life-history traits and behaviours such as growth rates, clutch size e-history traits and behaviours such as growth rates, clutch size, sexual attractiveness and be he availability of key resources in the environment. however, although the importance of within portance of within-family conflicts for growth, development and fitness is increasingly being r of within-family conflicts for growth, development and fitness is increasingly being recognise igher within-family conflict had faster growth compared to siblings reared under lower levels o indicating a substantial costs of rapid growth and of family conflict. these costs are most pro ly a consequence of increased oxidative stress, which occurs when high levels of free radicals, ween self-maintenance and investment in growth and reproduction, and hence fitness. this projec effects of sexual conflict and sibling competition on growth and fitness of offspring, examine ual conflict and sibling competition on growth and fitness of offspring, examine the cost basis of offspring, examine the cost basis of growth through the measurement of oxidative stress and th through the measurement of oxidative stress and manipulation of dietary antioxidant availabi zebra finches taeniopygia guttata as a model species. |
10229 | 11 | the environment experienced during early life can have prof
lations consequently provide the social environment in which growth and development takes place provide the social environment in which growth and development takes place. however, parental c social environment in which growth and development takes place. however, parental care is cost , such as food, which are necessary for growth and development of young. this creates the condi ood, which are necessary for growth and development of young. this creates the conditions for c on the availability of resources in the environment. in many birds resource availability during ents may not have full control over the distribution of food among offspring. however, parents n simultaneously track resources in the environment and increase control over within-brood food ainty by marginal chicks, such that the development and fitness of core chicks is largely indep ng asynchrony should conditions improve environment through compensatory resource allocation th |
178 | 17 | eas: 1. questions linked with oxidative stress and immune function and 2. questions linked with
linked with oxidative stress and immune function and 2. questions linked with copulation costs linked with copulation costs and immune function. the main questions linked with oxidative stre he main questions linked with oxidative stress and immune function are: a is oxidative stress a linked with oxidative stress and immune function are: a is oxidative stress accompanied with im and immune function are: a is oxidative stress accompanied with immune responses energetically es energetically costly, b is oxidative stress per se energetically costly, c which part of mel tically costly, c which part of melanin production is responsible for the costs of immune respo e response, d whether and how oxidative stress affects immune function i.e.is the oxidative str and how oxidative stress affects immune function i.e.is the oxidative stress beneficial and e d ts immune function i.e.is the oxidative stress beneficial and e does oxidative stress incur lon stress beneficial and e does oxidative stress incur long-term effects on immune function wheth tress incur long-term effects on immune function whether and how previous copulation affects ma nown aspects of the costs of the immune function, oxidative stress and copulation in insects ha costs of the immune function, oxidative stress and copulation in insects has a potential impact ects has a potential impact for further development of basic disciplines. elucidating the micro oevolutionary aspects related to immune function of insects bears a potential practical value f |
11436 | 4 | demonstrated, assumption underlying the evolution of disease resistance is that the maintenance
ion underlying the evolution of disease resistance is that the maintenance and activation of th eeding strategy to incorporate the lost nutrients, and hence that any costs will be revealed on revealed only under conditions of food-stress. the aim of this project is to apply the geometr |
12598 | 1 | of peat extraction for biodiversity and carbon storage. peat use in soil improver materials has
|
12667 | 6 | oad habitats, landscape features, soil, vegetation and freshwaters. the survey is an important
rotection programme and supports policy development across a large number of policy areas inclu of policy areas including: sustainable development, uk biodiversity action plan, cap reform, a diversity action plan, cap reform, agri-environment schemes, environmental impact assessment, a framework directive, soil strategy and climate change programme. new methods of data collectio tryside and the implications for policy development. the last survey and assessment was underta |
10042 | 8 | es also protect other components of the ecosystem or attempt to protect many species by setting
species by setting aside some of their habitat in reserves. the latter approach assumes that m focus on the key processes driving the ecosystem. if the ecosystem processes remain intact, th processes driving the ecosystem. if the ecosystem processes remain intact, then many components though it is explicitly embodied by an ecosystem-based approach to management to which most go disturbance is highly dependent on the abundance of their seaweed competitor. in turn, the ava s corals from building the complex reef habitat on which much biodiversity depends. this projec rc grant and enables us to manage a key ecosystem process . |
7195 | 6 | ges in agriculture in europe, including intensification and abandonment, have led to a signific
on is primarily due to a combination of habitat loss and degradation of habitat quality. the in tion of habitat loss and degradation of habitat quality. the interactions between types and int and intensity of farming practices and abundance of common birds are complex. indeed, agro-eco common birds are complex. indeed, agro-ecosystems are characterized by a scenario approach to f price and public policy on compromise production / biodiversity conservation |
12742 | 4 | of changes in character and delivery of ecosystem services in the english landscape. specifical
ape. specifically, the project would: 1.review the previous methodology for ‘countryside qualit countryside character 2.determine which ecosystem services can be attributed to landscape chara to landscape character and features . 3.review existing data sets on landscape character and qu |
10726 | 13 | the attention of the world s scientific community only two years after publication of darwin s
was hailed as the ultimate evidence for evolution. the study proposed here will reveal new info l new information about the ecology and evolution of this enigmatic fossil, using a rigorously c fossil, using a rigorously quantified modelling approach. in some respects we know a good dea wings like partridges do are changes in function of the skeleton mirrored by changes in the sku red by changes in the skull did cranial evolution keep pace with the rest of the skeleton was t oads they experience, and the resulting stress and strain can dictate the shape of the skeleton phology of archaeopteryx relates to its function. deducing this would inform on its feeding beh the selective pressures driving cranial evolution. the aim of this study is to deliver this kno fea is that we know little of how well model results reflect reality, and which input paramete ill then apply the same loads to the fe-model and quantify the difference in orientation and ma magnitude of the experimental versus fe-model derived strain. by altering elastic properties, l , i will see which parameters influence model results the most. the resulting information can b |
14427 | 1 | e. they are crucial for studying normal development, creating models of human disorders and are
|
515 | 5 | on – as regards the elaboration and the evaluation of environmental public action notably linki
diversity preservation and agricultural evolution. the scientific stake is to produce knowledge understand the analysis of a policy in development, in relying on the work in new sociology of lities of interaction for an integrated production of knowledge and a better efficiency for man ed production of knowledge and a better efficiency for management control of the latter. |
229 | 1 | icted by a 70-parametric general linear model fitted to original data with the statistical sas
|
13864 | 3 | basis for choosing a replacement of the model currently used to assess acidification in swedens
n swedens eqc for surface waters. three evaluation criteria will be employed: 1. suitability of nt of the existing empirical assessment model. prototype assessment systems based on all four a |
11455 | 5 | is to test how they formed, by detailed mapping of their morphology and geochemistry at the mic
eochemistry at the micron to nanomicron scale, and by controlled laboratory experiments. the fi ich mineral phases, laid down in a high-energy, poorly-oxygenated, shallow water setting some 3 hemical cycles. activities of bacterial metabolism, if present, will also have major implicatio o have major implications for biosphere evolution, for the atmospheric history of the planet, a |
10787 | 1 | ble to all aspects of our environmental model. this will be supported by culture and the compar
|
11300 | 1 | ble to all aspects of our environmental model. this will be supported by culture and the compar
|
6895 | 4 | .e. lps and flagellar antigens. vaccine development against salmonella is hindered by the low-l
e proteins is elevated resulting in the production of cross-reactive antibodies. unfortunately, oss-reactive antibodies. unfortunately, colonization by the rfah mutant of the gut is hindered ral mutants. mutants that show a better colonization with the retained potential of eliciting a |
444 | 9 | among current global changes, habitat degradation is the principal cause of biodivers
ecies were actually influenced by large scale habitat perturbation. to do so, we used a very la were actually influenced by large scale habitat perturbation. to do so, we used a very large sc rbation. to do so, we used a very large scale land-cover and an independent bird survey dataset and an independent bird survey dataset. habitat disturbance affecting landscapes between 1992 a e of 15500 2x2 km squares. biodiversity indicators were provided by the french breeding bird su erturbation had a strong impact on bird community richness and composition. we further focused n had a strong impact on bird community richness and composition. we further focused on landsca was a good predictor of the present-day community homogeneity. in this respect, the importance |
7160 | 3 | narios of changing habitats on a global scale. for example, species diversity can be compared a
ctions under scenarios of various urban development. the same type of approach will be used for roach will be used for the agricultural community, foresters, natural, managed and / or protect |
10239 | 2 | of food to the ocean floor and benthic community responses to variations in the downward flux
s to variations in the downward flux of organic matter , the uptake of specific biochemicals by |
10748 | 2 | of food to the ocean floor and benthic community responses to variations in the downward flux
s to variations in the downward flux of organic matter , the uptake of specific biochemicals by |
10750 | 2 | of food to the ocean floor and benthic community responses to variations in the downward flux
s to variations in the downward flux of organic matter , the uptake of specific biochemicals by |
11717 | 2 | of food to the ocean floor and benthic community responses to variations in the downward flux
s to variations in the downward flux of organic matter , the uptake of specific biochemicals by |
11036 | 4 | icant in the conversion of crude oil to methane and what factors dictate their activity in the
t factors dictate their activity in the environment. when we have this information the benefits e converted to more readily recoverable methane gas. this research will tell us what organisms arn how quickly they can convert oil to methane and other end products, information that can ul |
11337 | 1 | in forest structure and crucial in post-mining rehabilitation of the island and its economy. th
|
7506 | 1 | ensure long- term preservation, genetic stability, and secure management of this high-quality a
|
7549 | 1 | ses problems for conservation programs. resistance apex citrus freezing has been shown but cryo
|
14950 | 2 | an important role. thus, we propose the development and validation of an effective methodology
jaculates. first of all, we propose the evaluation of different commercial extenders . |
7539 | 2 | aise the methodological locks for large-scale application of this method to the conservation of
buds. it is to develop a method for the recovery of meristems after freezing, by in - vitro tec |
9867 | 5 | in nature, organisms evolve in response to changes not onl
nse to changes not only in the physical environment but also in their competitors, predators an ironment but also in their competitors, predators and parasites. the evolutionary battle betwee s canorus, and its hosts provide a good model system for studying these evolutionary processes e local information to adapt rapidly to environmental change. and it will add to our knowledge |
10593 | 4 | in nature, conflicts between species often involve evoluti
improvements in strategies of attack by predators/parasites lead to improvements in defence by fence by prey/hosts, leading to further predator/parasite improvements, and so on. interactions earning on the course of cuckoo-host co-evolution. |
10059 | 8 | the way that adaptations arise during evolution is currently a hot topic in biology. in parti
lp us understand how organisms adapt to environmental change. cuckoos and their hosts offer a c mine the genetic basis of adaptation in nature. one great advantage of working on cuckoos and t selective advantages of adaptations in nature very precisely because each party selects charac dd-looking eggs by hosts has driven the evolution of cuckoo eggs that perfectly mimic those lai , the work will produce the first large scale genomic resources in a cuckoo species and will th hus be of great use to the considerable community of evolutionary biologists working on cuckoos to the study of genetic adaptations in nature. it therefore has the potential to open up an en |
2473 | 1 | s that can replace those collected from nature.structural studies coupled with bioassays will b
|
13399 | 1 | ing in the natural flora of turkey, the production of these mushrooms in cultural conditions ha
|
7496 | 1 | natifida is in this context a preferred model. indeed, the occurrence of spontaneous population
|
2542 | 9 | contemporary management of the environment rests on the assumption that there is a one
re is a one-to-one relationship between perceptions and practices. regulatory models take a pie models take a piecemeal approach to the environment where biodiversity often becomes objectifie bute to an enhanced appreciation of the complexity of attitudes to the environment and to biodi n of the complexity of attitudes to the environment and to biodiversity; to the values, priorit order to ascertain how people diagnose environmental change and its effects. such knowledge wi ology, such as the relationship between nature and culture and the interface between such exter ocial resilience, and the definition of community. the project will emphasise the linkage betwe on - how people perceive changes to the environment; knowledge - how people comprehend what the |
12200 | 2 | a robust, repeatable and comprehensive evaluation framework for reporting and monitoring the d
character and quality in the next agri-environment programme v.be able to report at a range of |
15522 | 15 | estimation of carbon pools and net primary production at a higher spa
imation of carbon pools and net primary production at a higher spatial resolution requires know he combined effects of climatic change, land cover changes and management on carbon stocks and e, land cover changes and management on carbon stocks and net primary production of vegetation gement on carbon stocks and net primary production of vegetation are relatively scarce, especia on stocks and net primary production of vegetation are relatively scarce, especially in semiari ake it very suitable for characterizing carbon patterns of vegetation: large climatic and topog e for characterizing carbon patterns of vegetation: large climatic and topographic variability e main hypothesis of this study is that climate and management have a synergistic effect on car management have a synergistic effect on carbon stocks and net primary production of terrestrial effect on carbon stocks and net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems in peninsular spai d net primary production of terrestrial ecosystems in peninsular spain, with a declining carbon s in peninsular spain, with a declining carbon stock due to reduced water availability owed to duced water availability owed to global warming, which is further enhanced by increased tree co h is further enhanced by increased tree competition at the stand level due to the recent lack o |
15056 | 1 | conditions and hence, the differential distribution of their populations. even more, the polyp
|
12143 | 3 | the aim of the project is analysis and modelling of cyclicity and dynamics of palaeoenvironmen
ces of quaternary warm periods cyclical nature and dynamics in the context of regional and glob ing their impact on patterns of species migration, invasion and adaptation. |
14961 | 2 | team has worked on the systematics and evolution of the asteraceae along more than 25 years, 2
decided to give priority to during the evaluation of its strategical plan. as a result of this |
14556 | 3 | team has worked on the systematics and evolution of the asteraceae along 15 years. this projec
logical characters that justify present classification; and dna sequence analysis, both plastid lecular phylogeny for comparison to the classification on morphological basis. |
14557 | 3 | team has worked on the systematics and evolution of the asteraceae along 15 years. this projec
logical characters that justify present classification; and dna sequence analysis, both plastid lecular phylogeny for comparison to the classification on morphological basis. |
14962 | 2 | team has worked on the systematics and evolution of the asteraceae along more than 25 years, 2
decided to give priority to during the evaluation of its strategical plan. as a result of this |
13792 | 5 | d by both genomes are required for cell respiration, the main source of energy production in eu
or cell respiration, the main source of energy production in eukaryotes. selection is strong fo respiration, the main source of energy production in eukaryotes. selection is strong for optim ryotes. selection is strong for optimal function of cell respiration, leading to coadaptation o is strong for optimal function of cell respiration, leading to coadaptation of mitochondrial a |
13316 | 4 | known to be invasive in europe species distribution maps and spatial analysis: distribution ma
in europe species distribution maps and spatial analysis: distribution maps of all invasive ali distribution maps and spatial analysis: distribution maps of all invasive alien species in euro that encompasses both the geographical scale of the problem and unites the study of different |
12452 | 5 | ntury and understand how changes in the abundance of one species can affect others, focusing on
cod is thought to be the most important predator of norway lobster nephrops norvegicus in the i st 2 decades ago indicated that fishing mortality should be reduced on nephrops and increased o ofits to the industry. although fishing mortality on cod has increased significantly there is n he potential impact that changes in cod abundance might have on irish sea nephrops stocks. |
10304 | 6 | biology of organisms within the natural environment. typically the level of activity of thousan
e relevant to understanding the natural environment, this problem is compounded by the fact tha , where a detailed understanding of the function of thousands of genes is generated by well-res he genetics of organisms in the natural environment, we need to try to summarise the sheer volu ental interest to their better-studied, model organism relatives. within the last few years, th help other researchers within the nerc community. |
12565 | 1 | cts of theses changes in the freshwater environment on populations of both wild and stocked fis
|
11038 | 1 | ne resource for the asteraceae research community. this will add around 11,000 sequences to the
|
10947 | 4 | the phenotypic plasticity of muscle growth will be investigated in relation to temperature
wth will be investigated in relation to temperature in the marine fish fugu rubripes at the emb ologues of gene loci involved in muscle growth in mammals. computational analysis will be appli andidate genes involved in muscle fibre recruitment. the expression patterns of novel and known |
12253 | 3 | searching the effective use and fate of nutrients applied to land in organic manures or as manu
iate links to defra and other websites. development of the data resource will meet the requirem ily known and available to the research community for possible additional uses. |
12237 | 5 | y and environmental footprint of arable production. this can be achieved most efficiently by id
sustainable management practices on the environment. the data collected are also a key resource key resource for monitoring impacts of climate change on uk agriculture by measuring indicator e change on uk agriculture by measuring indicator species. as well as addressing future researc to support monitoring for food safety, development and validation of models for disease and pe |
12427 | 2 | ic and beach/coastal zones. the use and development of the marine conservation societies and os
a high standard of data collection, the development of a new database will make uploading the d |
11150 | 1 | ebates in palaeolithic archaeology. the development of reliable archaeological chronologies wil
|
10083 | 1 | e compared with an explicit geochemical model and used both to reject unsuitable samples and to
|
10302 | 9 | to discussions of cultural responses to climate change. while its specific meaning will probabl
cially its relationship to the unstable climate of the upper pleistocene and to the rest of the erably improve our understanding of the distribution and changes over time of the art and relat furthermore, radiocarbon can only date carbon based pigments, and the majority of early rock p different examples a chronology for the development and spread of different styles can be built e whether the appearance and subsequent intensification of rock art is related to rapid climati al maximum have been revealed by marine sediment and ice cores. we will compare the frequency a records to test the hypothesis that the intensification of artistic expression in caves was a s ves was a social response to a changing climate. |
11681 | 3 | specimen of australopithecus africanus. mining activities continued at the quarry and the geolo
pers our understanding of early hominid evolution in africa. we propose to take samples of calc ereby improving the chronology of human evolution in africa, and the methods will be refined to |
13788 | 3 | es may imply significant changes in its decomposition rate, which affects the total co2 emissio
ects the total co2 emission from forest ecosystems. in fact, preliminary studies suggest that d gal decay rates. this has relevance for carbon dynamics in managed boreal forests, and may incr |
10172 | 1 | y. relatively little is known about the decomposition and loss of viability of pollen in soils
|
11080 | 6 | ce in genetic divergence. being able to model both processes matters in many ways: firstly, res
es may be adaptive itself. for example, resistance to insecticide can be acquired more rapidly ved this trait than through independent evolution. to have any hope to identify introgression o t the genetic basis of a large range of traits involved in reproductive isolation, including ge e and those underlying more complicated traits such as mating behaviour. however, their actual he history of speciation in these three model systems in a number of ways. firstly, i will ask |
10646 | 9 | past climate reconstructions are fundamental to understand l
ental to understand long-term trends in climate variability and to test climate models used to ends in climate variability and to test climate models used to predict future climate change. d t climate models used to predict future climate change. detailed reconstruction of lead-lag rel etween regions in the context of global climate change. here we use an annually laminated sedim ange. here we use an annually laminated sediment core from lake suigetsu, japan, to examine tim examine timings and rates of key abrupt climate changes across the lateglacial and early holoce ell as counting of annual layers in the sediment.the results will be of significant interest an interest and benefit to the scientific community of geologists and climatologists. |
13856 | 15 | rd populations and in determining avian life history variation between species. however, nest p
ariation between species. however, nest predation is a significant source of early mortality in dation is a significant source of early mortality in life and changes in predation rates should early mortality in life and changes in predation rates should potentially exert a strong influ ong influence on bird numbers and avian life history evolution. rapid changes of predation rate on bird numbers and avian life history evolution. rapid changes of predation rates through hum ife history evolution. rapid changes of predation rates through human disturbance of natural en nvironments could disrupt the fecundity-mortality balance of many species and may thus lead to ver, the interactive mechanisms linking predation and habitat change to population dynamics rem active mechanisms linking predation and habitat change to population dynamics remain to be unde linking predation and habitat change to population dynamics remain to be understood. in this pr ity and quantity of natural nest sites, predator protective cover and food supply through fores s context, i will explore the effect of life history traits on the ability of individuals among will explore the effect of life history traits on the ability of individuals among woodland spe to behaviourally influence the risk of predation, a question that has received little attentio |
11823 | 7 | embryology, the study of development, is pivotal to unravelling the evolutionary
animals, and how changes to patterns of development have produced the branching events in the t tential for understanding developmental evolution at this critical episode of evolutionary hist lone the changes that took place during development from one embryological stage to another. th structure, based on a virtual computer model. this allows us to analyse details of an embryo s e whether the bacteria or animal-embryo model of interpretation fits best. ultimately, our aim s will reveal the role of embryological evolution in one of the most fundamental and most-debat |
1993 | 24 | recent climate warming has been shown to advance the seasonal
recent climate warming has been shown to advance the seasonal timing o pecific differences in these changes in phenology may result in a decoupling of trophic relatio decoupling of trophic relationships in food webs and subsequent cascading effects on community ebs and subsequent cascading effects on community structure. for the timing of life cycle event d as proxies for the suitability of the environment for their reproduction and growth. climate environment for their reproduction and growth. climate warming may change the validity of the ment for their reproduction and growth. climate warming may change the validity of the proxies their reproduction and growth. climate warming may change the validity of the proxies differen ditions for successful reproduction and growth 2 could projected climate warming invalidate the production and growth 2 could projected climate warming invalidate the use of these proxies and on and growth 2 could projected climate warming invalidate the use of these proxies and lead to ese proxies and lead to a decoupling of trophic interactions 3 can adaptation to projected clim eractions 3 can adaptation to projected climate warming maintain or restore trophic interaction s 3 can adaptation to projected climate warming maintain or restore trophic interactions the sh ted climate warming maintain or restore trophic interactions the short generation time of the a pes of models , to microcosms and small-scale flow through systems. we will complement these ex will complement these experiments with model analyses of the full ecosystem model for shallow riments with model analyses of the full ecosystem model for shallow lakes- pclake. in addition, th model analyses of the full ecosystem model for shallow lakes- pclake. in addition, the estab s. as we will be working with realistic climate scenarios of the knmi, the outcome of our studi g the environmental impact of projected climate change in aquatic systems. the anticipated resu on the risk of cascading effects due to climate change and the potential for adaptation to rest the potential for adaptation to restore food web links. |
12033 | 6 | biodiversity of chemosynthetic ecosystems in the deep ocean discovered since 1977, the
e deep ocean discovered since 1977, the ecosystems associated with reduced chemicals on oceanic those observed in deep‐sea sedimentary ecosystems. they exhibit low specific diversity and hig dispersion of organisms at the oceanic scale is constrained by geological corridors and fronti presence of transient habitats, rich in organic matter relationships between trophic network co r relationships between trophic network complexity, species diversity and abiotic factors. |
12336 | 7 | redefining the top levels of the eunis habitat classification scheme. the current project will
ing the top levels of the eunis habitat classification scheme. the current project will build o current project will build on existing classification work and be aligned with ongoing classif cation work and be aligned with ongoing classification work on the deep-sea. key customer purpo on of the deep-sea section of the eunis habitat classification scheme due in spring 2009. this e deep-sea section of the eunis habitat classification scheme due in spring 2009. this work wil ication of mczs by providing a coherent classification scheme for deep-sea habitats. |
12460 | 2 | taking account of climatically induced ecosystem changes as well as exploitation. then to comb
timal level of exploitation of european ecosystems under changing climatic conditions while ens |
12464 | 6 | take into account: climatically induced ecosystem changes and commercial fisheries harvesting,
goals when applying values to fisheries production and management. this part of the project wil project will develop fisheries resource indicators that combine economic, social and biological combine economic, social and biological indicators that can be fed into the wider model produce dicators that can be fed into the wider model produced by the project. key customer purpose: th ustomer purpose: the traditionally used indicator of economic activity is the operating economy |
12465 | 3 | timal level of exploitation of european ecosystems under changing climatic conditions, while al
be evaluated using management strategy evaluation in order to develop robust management option management options. management strategy evaluation involves assessing the consequences of a ran |
7677 | 5 | have critical ecological value as apex predators, but are under enormous anthropogenic pressur
rofile debate amongst the international community, illustrating the difficulty in establishing t will be developed in two parts: 1 the development of several management options for bluefin t online game that can be used by a broad community to explore the effects of the different manag l be developed that simulates realistic population dynamics of bluefin tuna and several managem |
1952 | 11 | phase has recently shown that parental energy expenditure during incubation is as costly as du
ect we will study the mechanism and the function of incubation behavior in the great tit, with echanism and the function of incubation behavior in the great tit, with the aim to integrate th short time base to the time budget, the energy balance and fitness consequences. we will 1 expe entally determine the effect of thermal environment, clutch size, food availability and male fe bility and male feeding on the time and energy budget of the incubating bird, 2 experimentally arental and clutch fitness, 3 develop a model to predict the optimal timing and intensity of eg ing and intensity of egg care for known temperature and food availability regimes and 4 test th od availability regimes and 4 test this model with data on both actual incubation patterns in t f incubation both using measurements of oxygen consumption, doubly labeled water and a heated a xperimental manipulation of the thermal environment, food availability, male assistance and clu |
10343 | 9 | otosynthesis in the oceans leads to the production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmo
he production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmosphere. in the nutrient-poor central poor central regions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single egions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single celled organi plankton fraction and have a ubiquitous distribution in oceanic waters responsible for around a ble for around a quarter of the primary production in some regions. the genus is genetically di s is genetically diverse, demonstrating heterogeneity at the level of the 16s rdna gene, which viously proposed that this phylogenetic heterogeneity underlies subtle differences in physiolog ive picture of the mechanisms of genome evolution in this genus. |
11440 | 6 | the extinction is the loss of dissolved oxygen from the ocean. it is bacteria that cause this d
is bacteria that cause this decrease in oxygen as they use it to decompose organic matter and w e in oxygen as they use it to decompose organic matter and when the oxygen supply in the water o decompose organic matter and when the oxygen supply in the water runs out other types of bact university has shown that the amount of oxygen in the worlds oceans dropped drastically just be d oceanic mixing had on the terrestrial environment 250 million years ago. |
12682 | 3 | to provide an agreed definition of this habitat type to aid ‘identification on the ground’; det
n on the ground’; determine the extent, distribution and quality of all of the habitat in the u distribution and quality of all of the habitat in the uk and provide a comprehensive list of s |
7638 | 2 | of reintroduction programs requires the development of assessment reliable and general criteria
oes it determine whether these criteria modeling can be applied to the restoration of viable po |
11739 | 6 | ent of magma is controlled by the large-scale rifting in each of the samples. the primary tool
e based method that allows quantitative mapping of rock and mineral microstructures. the micros ates of deformation associated with the evolution of the core-complex. such data are essential re-complex. such data are essential for modelling the large scale evolution of oceanic core com a are essential for modelling the large scale evolution of oceanic core complexes. essential for modelling the large scale evolution of oceanic core complexes. |
12246 | 4 | ilseed rape to the osr r&d and breeding community, together with associated information to enab
apid genetic analysis of sustainability traits. 4. to characterise the oregin global pathogen c ctions in the context of adaptations to climate change and model predicted xt of adaptations to climate change and model predicted |
12637 | 2 | 20 yrs will be assessed within the soil natural capital stocks and soil ecosystem services fram
he soil natural capital stocks and soil ecosystem services framework, and the research conducte |
12393 | 2 | this will enable the new information on ph to be set in the context of the variability in hydro
conditions that determine the observed ph. |
11113 | 6 | degradation of complex dissolved organic matter . this project will elucidate changes in
accharide composition during sequential organic matter breakdown. in this context the role of p to biodegradation and biavailability of organic matter. the results of this research project wi estigating benthic-pelagic coupling and carbon fluxes in both temperate and tropical coastal sy tropical coastal systems. responses of ecosystems to environmental stresses are increasingly i iety, pressure of coastal resources and climate change. |
14787 | 2 | vertebrates particularly vulnerable to global change. many populations are threatened and subj
to be especially compromised in fragile ecosystems such as those in mountain areas in the canta |
12222 | 2 | , underpined by common data and unified distribution/user-support. the modules are: weed manage
roducts and services for farmers in use/development, rather than building a new entity. the adv |
11328 | 1 | be explored via collaboration with the environment agency, uk.
|
11594 | 1 | be explored via collaboration with the environment agency, uk.
|
12449 | 7 | tive: determine the stages in the early life history during which cod and haddock suffer differ
ich cod and haddock suffer differential mortality using an existing set of data on eggs and lar an be used to explain the difference in productivity of irish sea cod and haddock stocks observ to investigate whether changes in fish recruitment associated with mortality at early stages p ges in fish recruitment associated with mortality at early stages plays an important role in co ys an important role in controlling the recovery potential of cod and haddock, allowing for the al of cod and haddock, allowing for the development of effective management strategies for the |
14598 | 2 | bination of markers with high molecular stability . the technique was applied in a study of 200
on patterns which determine the spatial distribution and genetic profile of the present populat |
7514 | 2 | nkage disequilibrium and specifying the development of methods of association in populations wi
in populations with substantial allelic richness. the project objective is to assess, in the pr |
15106 | 2 | of the underlying factors driving plant evolution in mediterranean-type ecosystems. in this pro
g plant evolution in mediterranean-type ecosystems. in this project, we will explore whether po |
15107 | 2 | of the underlying factors driving plant evolution in mediterranean-type ecosystems. in this pro
g plant evolution in mediterranean-type ecosystems. in this project, we will explore whether po |
15490 | 6 | intraguild predation, the killing of species that compe
nt of individual fitness and population abundance in vertebrate predators, with important conse and population abundance in vertebrate predators, with important conservation implications. de far on the demographic consequences of intraguild predation. it will provide a much needed qua will provide a much needed quantitative review of studies published in this field of science. a ough other medias, including the ad hoc production of a professional documentary depicting the |
14960 | 1 | rvacion del aguila perdicera and in the recovery plans.
|
541 | 10 | d the way environmental variability and climate change have affected and will affect ecosystems
te change have affected and will affect ecosystems and populations. long-term records of popula marked animals to study the effects of climate change on a range of vertebrate populations and n carried out on the link between large-scale and small-scale climatic factors and population d the link between large-scale and small-scale climatic factors and population dynamics. in addi le and small-scale climatic factors and population dynamics. in addition the climpop group has nd procedures to study the influence of climate on vital rates based on the analysis of individ tion of these models and procedures, to review published papers in which the influence of clima tions to efficiently address impacts of climate effects on vital rates in natural vertebrate po in natural vertebrate populations. this evaluation raised six potential methodological issues a |
7126 | 7 | ills to study the ecological effects of climate variations and global changes through a series
sis to compare the potential effects of climate change on vertebrates with contrasting life his change on vertebrates with contrasting life history traits and live in environments different. rtebrates with contrasting life history traits and live in environments different. as part of t r groups are more likely than others to climate change according to their population strategy, ategy, and 2 what are the most relevant climate indicators, is it better to use global or local nd 2 what are the most relevant climate indicators, is it better to use global or local descrip |
7187 | 5 | a trade in aquarium plants, their rapid development in a series of different environments, lead
with each other, make it an exceptional model for studying biological invasions usually. in thi lluscs same strain of invaders, without resistance or tolerance specific or special adaptation rance specific or special adaptation of life history traits, also remains capable of establishi c or special adaptation of life history traits, also remains capable of establishing healthy pe |
15160 | 5 | tion models applied to their biological model as longitudinal argument, this is, as one additio
r the deep knowledge of such biological model. the present project tries instead to promote the nt project tries instead to promote the development of new population models and mathematical t pulation monitoring with any biological model . thus, we intend to break with the traditional s nefit to the partners by increasing the efficiency of their work and the level of their scienti |
2118 | 1 | chanisms of brazil nut regeneration and population dynamics under natural conditions. this will
|
14578 | 3 | of the present project is to study the population dynamics of the brown seaweed fucus serratus
seaweed fucus serratus in the limit of distribution, comparing the behaviour of marginal popul eresting information on the patterns of colonization that occurred in recent times along the sh |
15197 | 3 | onstrated that the post-release rate of mortality of loggerhead sea turtles in the western medi
30%, but the relevance of the long-line mortality cannot be assessed accurately because of two demographic relevance of the resulting mortality. |
1990 | 7 | ven exceptional gene flow from the lake sediment. temperature in the lake under study changes r
ional gene flow from the lake sediment. temperature in the lake under study changes rapidly dur om blooms, i.e. at the time of epidemic development of the fungus, and this in itself could ste ation of host diatoms is present on the sediment of the lake we study. under the conditions on e we study. under the conditions on the sediment the parasites are non-infective. recurrent win spension of non-infected hosts from the sediment could obscure a clear selection pattern in the ion that operate in the complex natural environment of a lake. |
12772 | 7 | diffuse sediment pollution causes a number of negative impacts
key control on the transfer and fate of nutrients and contaminants responsible for a wide range re important to understand and mitigate sediment pressures across england and wales. previous r ca. 76% of the current total suspended sediment loadings delivered to watercourses at national s delivered to watercourses at national scale and as a result, attention needs to be focused on l as the need to support policy on agri-environment schemes guidance and advice on optimising t ng the link between resource protection efficiency and biodiversity benefits. |
11651 | 2 | egative relationship between population growth rate that concave-up relationships between pgr a
oncave-up relationships between pgr and density are to be expected for species with life histor |
2094 | 19 | recent results indicate that density dependent processes in atlantic salmon during e
than those usually considered to be the spatial scale of populations and hence the units of pop e of populations and hence the units of population dynamics. however, the mechanism behind and behind and consequences of this strong density dependence is poorly understood. the project ai f atlantic salmon are regulated through density dependent processes by testing the potential un lying mechanisms empirically. two large-scale field experiments will be conducted that test whe hat test whether energetic costs and/or predation costs due to high initial density are the mec /or predation costs due to high initial density are the mechanisms responsible for local densit re the mechanisms responsible for local density dependent survival. these and other data will b eterize and existing spatially explicit behavior- and habitat-based population model to examine isting spatially explicit behavior- and habitat-based population model to examine population co behavior- and habitat-based population model to examine population consequences of habitat cha l to examine population consequences of habitat characteristics and behavioral decisions across ons across environmental gradients. the model will be evaluated against a third large-scale fie will be evaluated against a third large-scale field study that examine the importance of local the importance of local vs. population scale density, and used as a tool for developing predic mportance of local vs. population scale density, and used as a tool for developing predictions nd spatial variation in atlantic salmon productivity, and 2. consequences of different manageme of different management strategies for productivity under various environmental scenarios. |
7672 | 2 | sity of microorganisms, therefore their evolution, adaptation and expected ecological services
heir evolution, adaptation and expected ecological services in urban soils and artificialized s |
15511 | 3 | ormation of body asymmetries during the development of a group of metazoa, the lophotrochozoa.
scribe their expression patterns during development and to determine their interactions and reg organisms, as well as their role during development. we will use three species of gastropod mol |
7706 | 5 | griculture is to reconcile agricultural production for various uses with respect for the enviro
n for various uses with respect for the environment and maintaining ecological services. for th ect for the environment and maintaining ecological services. for this it has become necessary t s become necessary to reduce the use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers but above that of pe ut above that of pesticides. . finally, production costs will be analyzed in the same way that |
14224 | 4 | oxidative stress caused by metabolic changes of the organism is t
he organism is tightly connected to the development and progress of several pathogenic conditio ic conditions. therefore the design and development of new and powerful antioxidant molecules i ecrease the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species novel glutathione analogues with superio |
12626 | 7 | rring in the future. though on a global scale, many of these studies underline the fact that so
of erosion features through surveying, remote sensing and aerial photography of the extent of ochemical and radionuclide analysis and modelling of erosion using a suite of different softwar te in different environments. the large-scale erosion of peaty uplands, for example, has been s also in terms of understanding whether mitigation efforts have been successful. this project p ll be to deliver an in-depth literature review, written by world-leading experts in the field o s to conduct a cost-effective, national-scale monitoring programme of erosion in the future. |
12586 | 4 | ers understand the current state of the environment and how it is changing, and to understand t
laws and agreements for protection the environment. additionally, monitoring information will oring information will also support the development and implementation of future soil and envir me. the project is being managed by the environment agency. |
12401 | 6 | in the msfd descriptors of ges and key ecosystem services for the period 2007/08 to 2030. the
ir framework to the concepts of ges and ecosystem services key customer purpose: the five key o oject are: objective 1 – prioritise key ecosystem services in the marine environment and identi se key ecosystem services in the marine environment and identify associated drivers for change. ective 3 – establish sensitivity of key ecosystem services to changes in drivers and associated kely changes in the state of the marine environment on an annual or 5-yearly basis up to 2030 s |
12770 | 5 | of concerns at an eu level about their abundance and distribution. typically, these species ar
t an eu level about their abundance and distribution. typically, these species are acutely vuln flicts. under section 78 of the natural environment and rural communities act 2006 defra author conservation . d. evaluating potential mitigation measures and good practice for european prot species affected by roads. e. improving mitigation success for serotine and natterers bats. thi |
11563 | 14 | other influences, both external such as climate and internal such as growth or stress, can subt
al such as climate and internal such as growth or stress, can subtly influence these chemical s climate and internal such as growth or stress, can subtly influence these chemical signals, kn one type of stable isotopic value, the nitrogen isotopic value, is that of pregnancy and lacta ation have been shown to influence hair nitrogen isotope signatures of modern female humans and that the effect results from changes in nitrogen metabolism during pregnancy/lactation. to date effect results from changes in nitrogen metabolism during pregnancy/lactation. to date it is un tion. to date it is unknown whether the nitrogen isotope changes observed in mammalian hair due ult human male and female bone collagen nitrogen isotopic values have been reported in archaeol urces for men and women, or evidence of migration between areas with different diets. however, on affect an individual s bone collagen nitrogen isotopic values. we will test our hypothesis o n which we have already shown that hair nitrogen isotopic values are affected by pregnancy/lact tion. we can then consider whether wide-scale observed differences between male and female bone s between male and female bone collagen nitrogen isotopic values in archaeological human popula |
10861 | 3 | wood decomposition and fungal community development begins w
wood decomposition and fungal community development begins while branches are still i wood decomposition and fungal community development begins while branches are still in the cano |
12150 | 3 | the aim of the proposed project is the development of prognosis either of the spread of invasi
thuania will be proposed as well as the evaluation of pathogen impact on mortality of infested as the evaluation of pathogen impact on mortality of infested bee colonies and synergetic effec |
15202 | 1 | ns are catalogued as priority habitats, nature 2000, european union, it is catalogued as forest
|
14572 | 2 | turn of a central paradigm: the biotic resistance of communities to invasion, which emphasizes
hese, in islands that differ in species richness. both archipelagos bear high levels of endemic |
15460 | 5 | pulations according to initial range of distribution and population size, for a restricted taxo
s of dispersal on genetic diversity and recovery of populations 3 to recognize possible genetic of small populations, under a frame of habitat destruction by man at planetary scale. we also habitat destruction by man at planetary scale. we also hope to obtain clues and general and spe information that could be useful for an evaluation of decission making on conservation of small |
15128 | 19 | accelerated climate change and other important environmental change
causing relevant alterations in species distribution and community structures. although some fi alterations in species distribution and community structures. although some first attempts to e rs and processes that determine species distribution limits. thus, in this project we aim to ev s which a priori are determinant: a the spatial pattern of the habitat together with the disper terminant: a the spatial pattern of the habitat together with the dispersal capacity of each sp pastures of the central system, as this ecosystem is one of the most vulnerable to climate chan system is one of the most vulnerable to climate change. the purpose of this project is to study s to study the main determinants of the distribution limits of high mountain plant species and capacity of these species to respond to global change. taking silene ciliata and armeria caespi ilene ciliata and armeria caespitosa as model species, the project has four specific objectives the effect of the spatial structure and connectivity of a network of mediterranean high mountai plants as explicative variables of the distribution limits of species in high mountain psicrox xerophilous pastures in relation to the distribution limits of the species which comprise this mits of the species which comprise this community; 3 detect the incidence of local adaptation p ell as their relevance as a response to climate change; and 4 identify phenological, physiologi directional selection and determine the spatial scale in which local adaptation occurs. the ach n area which is especially sensitive to global change and will facilitate decision-making to mi ecological and socioeconomic effects of global change. |
14162 | 9 | variation in different types of defence traits is considerable at both intra- and interspecific
unexplained. due to their diversity of life history strategies, exploited ecological niches an sample sizes, lepidoptera are an ideal model system for studying variation in defence traits b ystem for studying variation in defence traits both within and between species. the project foc the variation in melanin based defence traits has different reasons. proximally the variation soma. also, in income-capital breeding scale the longer-lived, more mobile income breeders sho rs should have better developed defence traits. another ecological factor which may affect inve imate genetic correlations and genotype environment interactions. other hypotheses of interspec pecific connections between the studied traits will be addressed using a comparative phylogenet |
11605 | 1 | fy the effect of pleiotropic effects of temperature adaptation, for variation in female mating
|
9810 | 1 | fy the effect of pleiotropic effects of temperature adaptation, for variation in female mating
|
2123 | 1 | of ecological barriers and parasitoids/predators in the spatial patterning of outbreaks and, f
|
14538 | 8 | oots may have an important role in arid ecosystems where water is a limiting resource. such red
ibution can be upwards , soil type, the organic matter content, the depth of water table, as we ishment and because it could extend the growth season, and influence the water balance of other nd the growth season, and influence the water balance of other species. we propose carrying out field and laboratory experiments, using remote sensing and geographic information systems to an y experiments, using remote sensing and geographic information systems to analyse mechanisms of nce of hydraulic redistribution for the productivity, biological diversity and plant-plant inte ty and plant-plant interactions in arid ecosystems. |
13375 | 1 | ne and smelting areas were tested under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions in order to te
|
10968 | 11 | marine productivity focuses on zooplankton production, examini
ine productivity focuses on zooplankton production, examining how climate change may alter seco n zooplankton production, examining how climate change may alter secondary production. although examining how climate change may alter secondary production. although this programme includes they are the main link between primary production and fish. thus, we considered microzooplankt sozooplankton. we will parameterise the abundance, size structure, biomass, biodiversity and pr ze structure, biomass, biodiversity and production, of ciliates. these parameters will be exami ll be examined at inter and intra basin-scale levels to test hypotheses concerning ciliate prod s to test hypotheses concerning ciliate production and its fate. the project will also provide rvice to other components of the marine productivity programme, by producing useful data for mo programme, by producing useful data for model parameterisation. |
10390 | 1 | ikely to have resulted from the altered geomorphology.
|
11749 | 1 | op to ensure that the interdisciplinary nature of the various investigations are properly integ
|
12265 | 4 | stock account for up to 35-40% of world methane production. around 80% of this comes from ferme
count for up to 35-40% of world methane production. around 80% of this comes from fermentation tional level: 1 as a result of improved productivity and efficiency at the individual animal or s a result of improved productivity and efficiency at the individual animal or herd/flock level |
2536 | 5 | swarming behavior, the mysterious and fascinating phenomenon of
emarkably coordinated--is everywhere in nature: flocks of birds dancing in the sky, dense schoo ome will provide deep insights into the nature of swarms, helping to explain why collective beh arms, helping to explain why collective behavior repeatedly emerges from natural selection. col rges from natural selection. collective behavior is central to such diverse fields as anthropol |
12762 | 2 | ales. this project aims to identify the scale of use of snares within england and wales and the
ary, the project will: 1. determine the scale of use of snares in england and wales. 2. determi |
10837 | 2 | . in this, males are reared on a large scale in factories, sterilised and then released into t
, sterilised and then released into the environment to mate with the wild females. such matings |
11779 | 14 | regulate the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. the use of molecular techniques has permitt
es this diversity on a large geographic scale. in addition, there is no clear consensus on how ns in bacterial biodiversity impacts on ecosystem functions such as the mineralization of carbo functions such as the mineralization of carbon. such knowledge is essential to improving our un mework for the future use of biological indicators of soil quality. recently it has been shown uality. recently it has been shown that ph is the main driver in determining the richness of ba h is the main driver in determining the richness of bacterial taxa in soil communities, and add ly we seek to firstly asses the role of ph in determining the identities of dominant soil bacte trient inputs determined by aboveground vegetation, and additional environmental variables affe respect to soil chemistry and overlying vegetation as a core element of the countryside survey. fic changes in members of the bacterial community. whilst we wish to address fundamental questi tions on the controls of soil bacterial community diversity, we also seek to question the usefu to question the usefulness of microbial indicators of soil functionality. therefore, once taxon rial composition/diversity, and measure carbon mineralization rates to determine whether commun |
10329 | 7 | l to evolutionary outcomes. in terms of resistance to parasites, increasing costs leads to vari
costs leads to variation around an ess resistance level while decreasing ones may select for a populations and therefore to select for resistance at different resource levels. we have also d also demonstrated genetic variation for resistance, a response to selection for resistance and resistance, a response to selection for resistance and costs to evolved resistance. we therefor ion for resistance and costs to evolved resistance. we therefore propose to measure the shape o pe of the genotypic trade-off curve for resistance through selection in different environments. |
11509 | 2 | atly influence the product cost are the stability of the strains and conidial yield. fungi can
cus of this project is to determine the stability and conidial yield of the metarhizium strains |
11813 | 3 | developing countries to carry out large scale tracking projects. in this project, the tags will
fish. indeed, in the current context of climate change and overfishing, coastal seas are threat for the effective management of marine ecosystems. |
12338 | 1 | summary objective this project will review marine survey data and metadata held by cefas to
|
10770 | 9 | e between the deep oceanic reservoir of carbon and the atmosphere. the balance between the co2
dictates the content in the atmospheric carbon dioxide, which has implication on the climate on n dioxide, which has implication on the climate on earth. our knowledge on past climates mostly es mostly relies on the analyses of the evolution of the marine organisms that compose this bio ochemical tools such as trace metals or stable isotopes recorded by their mineralized remains a chive. however, the manner in which the climate and the composition of seawater are recorded in are responsible for a large part of the carbon drawdown to the seafloor. these micro-organisms nst the climatic variability of natural environment both geographically and temporally. to do s the oceanic carbonate system to future climate changes because the behaviour of the surface oc |
12651 | 1 | the development of a tool to monitor the harvest of huntabl
|
12543 | 2 | esult in rapid population increases and development of insecticide resistance can result in con
ncreases and development of insecticide resistance can result in control failures. in recent ye |
12765 | 11 | mage to crops, substantial reduction of abundance of plant and animal species, spread of diseas
spread of diseases, damage to livestock production and vehicle collisions. recently established elop surveillance techniques to monitor density and abundance and to detect range expansion of lance techniques to monitor density and abundance and to detect range expansion of wild boar, e the first element of the project is the development of methods to monitor boar distribution and development of methods to monitor boar distribution and abundance. several methods will be eva ethods to monitor boar distribution and abundance. several methods will be evaluated to determi ds will be evaluated to determine local abundance, colonisation and range expansion by wild boa oar and to monitor wild boar population density, size and change.the study will also assess the ill offer stakeholders tools to monitor abundance and potential expansion of this species and e pecies and ensure that potential, large-scale human-wild boar conflicts are prevented or contai |
12380 | 1 | r understanding of the health of marine ecosystems in relation to natural and anthropogenic cha
|
12755 | 3 | d is developing a coherent framework of indicators to track progress towards post-2010 targets
ish an ad hoc technical expert group on indicators for the strategic plan 2011-2020 to provide vide advice to cop11. this project will review and assess expert knowledge and evidence necessa |
11680 | 1 | troy the heather, which is an important habitat for rare ground nesting birds. when you mix two
|
6926 | 4 | parallel with the development of intensive poultry production, traditiona
th the development of intensive poultry production, traditional hungarian poultry stock breedin ieties of gene banks and describe their production characteristics in detail, 2. and 3. study q istics of the breeds in ecological type production. all r&d included in this project proposal i |
10420 | 1 | on summary for the linked proposals the carbon isotopes in protein that survives in archaeologi
|
11389 | 1 | the carbon isotopes in protein that survives in archaeologi
|
12292 | 6 | is to investigate the potential of host resistance to reduce the impact of sclerotinia in susce
hough there is no evidence for complete resistance to s. sclerotiorum in any of the current cul lants such as brassicas and lettuce and development of a similar set for carrot is proposed und relatives which may be sources of novel resistance factors compared to other resources based on to screen different plant genotypes for resistance to s. sclerotiorum and to examine the relati types will be evaluated for sclerotinia resistance. hence it will be important to have represen |
12334 | 2 | e a digital data layer of the potential distribution of rock and hard substrate at, or near, th
gional mpa projects, in particular reef habitat types. |
12470 | 4 | od movement, the project will undertake modelling to provide evidence to improve the basis for
ve way of identifying areas of high cod abundance, improve effectiveness of these measures thro l - including through the impending cod recovery plan review and under a reformed common fisher through the impending cod recovery plan review and under a reformed common fisheries policy. it |
12683 | 4 | oastal habitats at risk from effects of climate change, and to identify large scale opportuniti
f climate change, and to identify large scale opportunities for adaptive strategies presented b presented by whole coastal systems, and development of a systematic consideration process leadi ematic consideration process leading to development of a framework and prototype tool for decis |
14826 | 2 | ts and the great variability in rate of evolution shown by nuclear genes render leafy especiall
and for buiding an accurate systematic classification of the group that reflects the phylogene |
15494 | 1 | the effects caused by concentrations of nitrate will be conducted, also examining its possible
|
12570 | 3 | are required to forecast the effects of environmental change and stakeholdes, on the nature and
onmental change and stakeholdes, on the nature and prioritisation of management decisions relat ove the quality of further reserach and model developments. the models will be developed in an |
7575 | 2 | sity and spatial characteristics of the environment permit precise location of genetic disconti
ailable to the international scientific community |
10269 | 4 | plankton provide an important record of environmental change and are indeed a driving force in
hange and are indeed a driving force in global change. stable isotopes studies have recently le ndeed a driving force in global change. stable isotopes studies have recently lead to recogniti recently lead to recognition of a major global change event in the early late cambrian . result |
10827 | 4 | we will develop a spatially-explicit model of the dynamics of the 2002 phocine distemper epi
c that can be used to predict levels of mortality around the uk. urgency funding is required so uk. urgency funding is required so that modelling work can begin before the epizootic has taken otic and to develop generic methods for modelling the dynamics of diseases that affect spatiall |
12679 | 5 | contractor will develop options for an indicator of invasive non-native species at gb and coun
onsult the scientific and policy making community, refine as required and produce a recommended e as required and produce a recommended indicator with a run of data that allows for an assessm an assessment of change over time. the indicator will have two components: •a measure of the n omponents: •a measure of the number and abundance of non-native species in great britain. •a me |
12639 | 2 | to produce a uk indicator based on the index of the timing of four spri
ng events between 1900 and 2006 from uk phenology network data. |
12528 | 5 | the aim of this project is to develop a model framework to guide policy decisions aimed at: the
ology of the disease, nor by predictive modelling of how interventions interact with this epide ck of guidance from epidemiological and modelling studies in informing intervention strategies ion methods are: • how can we match the spatial scale of intervention strategies with the spati rtainty about pathogen biology and host distribution affect the probability of success and the |
9960 | 3 | rch balloons and micro-satellites. e.g. remote sensing of forest health by using filters sensit
n the chlorophyll spectrum, sea surface temperature from a micro-satellite or ship-borne versio econdly, it will be used to measure the temperature at different heights in the atmosphere clos |
10485 | 3 | city of genetic random sampling from an ecosystem without restriction of sampling regimes. the
broad range of applications from large scale random sampling in natural conditions during the mpling in natural conditions during the environment change, to defined survey in agricultural a |
9831 | 2 | onments. however, attempts to study the distribution and diversity of mobile genetic elements ,
rior to their use for assessing plasmid distribution and diversity in natural habitats. secondl |
12551 | 2 | ial contribution to agriculture and the environment through pollination: they also produce hone
urces or in the case of parasitoids and predators, on volatile cues from the host/prey of the i |
11118 | 8 | ations in the natural abundances of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxyge
ces of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen of individual compounds can he stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen of individual compounds can be meas topes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen of individual compounds can be measured using th c compounds in complex systems, such as ecosystems or living organisms. amino acids and their b e to the analytical chemist since their functional groups must be chemically derivatised prior ng from the characterisation of organic nitrogen compounds in the biosphere and isotope tracer species to dietary tracing experiments, food web elucidation and plant-soil interactions. |
11282 | 17 | ophic mires, are extremely sensitive to climate change. precipitation is the only source of wat
extremely sensitive to climate change. precipitation is the only source of water and nutrients itation is the only source of water and nutrients to the bog and so therefore the dominant vege o the bog and so therefore the dominant vegetation is strongly influenced by the local climatic ontained within peat layers are various indicators of past climatic conditions, also known as p ate proxies, which can be used to study climate changes in the past. for example, macrofossils, s of the plants, and pollen reflect the abundance of the plants originally growing at the bog s ace. these plants are very sensitive to climate and so changes such factors as rainfall or temp so changes such factors as rainfall or temperature are reflected in the macrofossil records in res given the current debates on global warming. where macrofossils are unidentifiable in the p sphagnum species where as in other peat vegetation such as heathers the n-c23 is either absent is either absent or present in very low abundance. further work has revealed that n-c23 alkane feature of lipids is their hydrophobic nature which means they are immobile in peat bog and so sed in palaeoclimate reconstruction are stable isotopes. bulk stable isotope values measured in on dd values of biomarkers of peat bog vegetation. this will be achieved by measuring the dd v correlated with other peat proxies, and temperature data collected over the past 200 years, whi l in which we could study past regional temperature variations. |
11715 | 4 | of the phanerozoic global biodiversity, ecosystem function, biogeochemistry and climate have al
ecosystem function, biogeochemistry and climate have all varied considerably in response to a v ocesses and led to major changes in the abundance of atmospheric o3, and therefore land surface radiation, during the course of biotic evolution. here we develop, for the first time, a terre |
10206 | 3 | the proposal is concerned with the development of a novel high resolution the sediment tra
elopment of a novel high resolution the sediment transport component will be driven off time de rstanding the interaction between flow, sediment transport and form in gravel bed rivers. furth |
11226 | 3 | the proposal is concerned with the development of a novel high resolution the sediment tra
elopment of a novel high resolution the sediment transport component will be driven off time de rstanding the interaction between flow, sediment transport and form in gravel bed rivers. furth |
14374 | 2 | es to describe the seasonal dynamics of vegetation. typically, the approaches do not take into
s the study of satellite time series of ecosystem dynamics. based on the experimental setup, an |
7624 | 3 | this project aims to develop a model of functional relationships between resources i d
nships between resources i dynamics and vegetation and ii services rendered; control of structu l of structural patterns and ecological heterogeneity requests from stakeholders for optimizing |
12700 | 3 | tial for conservation action and policy development. the extent of coastal vegetated shingle is
trends in this rare and scarce dynamic habitat cannot be determined, the use of remotely sense that combines extent and quality of the habitat, which can be shared between relevant bodies an |
11134 | 4 | rd to non-compliance of bathing waters. climate change, and particularly more intense storms in
. hydro-environmental impact assessment modelling studies, regularly undertaken by specialist c having two fundamental shortcomings in model simulations, which can lead to erromneous environ activities relating to marine renewable energy and particularly for the severn estuary. |
12245 | 4 | e that the impact that they have on the environment is minimised, and that biodiversity is enco
enarios will be tested using a range of modelling techniques. under the european unions common enhancing the biodiversity in the farm ecosystem. a number of ifm components in livestock syst ring a profit to enable the business to function in an ecomonically sustainable way. |
14600 | 5 | l, integral and dynamic part of aquatic ecosystems. they also constitute a socio-economic resou
propriate management tools to guide the sediment assessment process, both from the technical an integrated management of sediments. the development of the tool will combine risk assessment . ll help assess the relationship between sediment characteristics and contaminant bioavailabilit aking process related to: need to adopt sediment quality remediation measures in harbours and w |
12233 | 1 | a crucial route to reduced reliance on nitrogen inform plans for modification of existing vari
|
14330 | 5 | roject aims to use the existing belgian remote sensing and related knowledge in a new, but topi
high and low resolution imagery for the classification of vegetation. in ethiopia not only land ution imagery for the classification of vegetation. in ethiopia not only land use change studie ion of vegetation. in ethiopia not only land use change studies were carried out, but also abov so above-ground biomass and underground carbon measurements.the insights obtained in this proje |
9815 | 6 | he particular kind of network. however, food webs stand out as being anomalous, as the number o
er node appears not to have a power-law distribution, and hubs with large numbers of links are estigates several important features of food webs not shared by many other kinds of network, to k, to see what part they play in making food webs special. for instance, the nodes , at a total ge of the earth s life-support systems: food webs are vital components of these systems, and st on the persistence of other species in food webs. |
2176 | 2 | resents a pilot study with focus on the development of two sets of genetic markers, microsatell
, nvh will have the responsibility for development of genetic markers and most genetic analysi |
6960 | 14 | intensification of arable farming is a serious threat t
is a serious threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services. agri-environmental schemes to measu for this proposal intend to work out 7 indicators: 1. insect-born virus pressure, 2. scale ins tors: 1. insect-born virus pressure, 2. scale insect infestation, 3. farmland bird survey, 4. m aize pistil faunula test, 5. pollinator distribution, 6. resistance to invasive weeds, 7. indic la test, 5. pollinator distribution, 6. resistance to invasive weeds, 7. indicator moth species on, 6. resistance to invasive weeds, 7. indicator moth species. these cover a wide range of tax s. these cover a wide range of taxa and ecosystem services, and thus can make it possible to de or suggest local actions to improve the environment. we plan to test these indicators at differ the environment. we plan to test these indicators at different distances from natural areas an ed results: publication of the concrete indicator protocols and scientific publications into th nsive fields. future application of the indicators should result in the optimization of public of the indicators should result in the optimization of public money spent on aes, and may adva harmonization of economic, societal and nature interest. |
14615 | 9 | r population numbers when reductions in abundance take place. cetaceans constitute a group of a
that of fishing, which has reduced the abundance of many of fish and cephalopod stocks that co ates as well as an increment of natural mortality through - or besides - a weakening against th ortunately there are not available good indicators to accurately measure this parameter in that of accumulation and mobilization of the energy reserves , with the ultimate objective of design ctive of designing reliable and precise indicators of nutritive condition to be applied to this o be applied to this animal group. such indicators will be based on the combination of morphome activities and the influence on them of global change, thus contributing critical knowledge for sessing the impact of fishing on marine ecosystems. |
163 | 2 | f the study consists in working out and development of a new prediction model for land use, in
out and development of a new prediction model for land use, in which the bird fauna, as an esse |
7678 | 8 | this project is to develop a simulation model of fine-scale land-use patterns to account for ex
s to develop a simulation model of fine-scale land-use patterns to account for expected global ected global changes, and to deploy the model to predict ecosystem services linked to the physi ges, and to deploy the model to predict ecosystem services linked to the physical and biotic co ganisms that can influence the physical environment via induction of water condensation and fre practices. we will couple a simulation model of land-use patterns in south eastern france to t d patterns of regional microclimate and abundance and diversity of micro-organisms entering the rganisms between cultivated and natural ecosystems. |
14726 | 4 | requires that appropriate biodiversity indicators are incorporated in forest inventories and f
lop landscape-level forest biodiversity indicators that can be effectively applied within natio mation of biodiversity at the landscape scale within the spanish national forest inventories, c est inventories, coordinating landscape indicators and plot measurements, supporting field samp |
12524 | 8 | tions in resource use while maintaining productivity. national statutory and advisory testing s
c systems and must relate to mainstream production where the potential for reduced inputs is fa ch on the genetic basis of resource use efficiency require a level of appropriate comparative t both their ability to describe resource efficiency, and their ease of use in future routine sys to populate modules in the eu rotate n model to assess n use efficiency of varieties of the di n the eu rotate n model to assess n use efficiency of varieties of the different crops examined ded from breeding varieties for organic production to include low input production, and this is organic production to include low input production, and this is reflected in many seed catalogu |
12522 | 2 | ective to protect and enhance the rural environment and to improve the attractiveness and biodi
mances and how they impact on the wider environment. the uk supports a wide range of diverse fa |
7498 | 1 | pear to play an important role in these ecosystems. we propose to develop molecular methods to
|
10167 | 1 | of tissues that will allow mathematical modelling of the isotopic relationship between diet and
|
11266 | 5 | tify species which are relevant for the environment. raman spectroscopy is an important techniq
ion and monitoring of pollutants in the environment. these schemes would allow new and improved field measurements of pollutants in the environment with an instrument that can measure all com , and isotope-selective measurements of nitrogen and oxygen and isotope tracer experiments. thi -selective measurements of nitrogen and oxygen and isotope tracer experiments. this proposal to |
14179 | 8 | the aim of the project is development of quantitatively reliable proteomics, tran
l state of bacterial cells also through modeling. basic knowledge of bacterial cells physiology relationships between the cell size and growth rate of the bacteria, very important fact about ber of ribosomes on the increase of the growth rate, their results were the basis for the devel e, their results were the basis for the development of cell cycle theory etc. however, already f the project is to study regulation of growth and cell cycle mechanisms in detail, their depen isms in detail, their dependence on the growth conditions. the eventual aim of the project is d ons. the eventual aim of the project is development of the systems biology platform of bacteria |
9998 | 7 | n problem in ecological genetics is the development and deployment of markers in wild populatio
me-consuming and expensive task for non-model organisms, and can be a serious block to achievin se pipelines will be used to verify the mapping of dauer entry and other traits in the c. elega fy the mapping of dauer entry and other traits in the c. elegans model system, and to deliver g ntry and other traits in the c. elegans model system, and to deliver genetic analysis of rad si igate the use of radseq markers in fine mapping of traits in a fully-sequenced genome. we will se of radseq markers in fine mapping of traits in a fully-sequenced genome. we will also constr |
12372 | 1 | activities which may affect the marine environment. the work also provides an opportunity to h
|
13731 | 11 | the size distribution of a cohort at the end of the growing seas
and starvation. an understanding of the development of size variation is therefore fundamental efore fundamental to be able to predict recruitment variation in exploited populations like fis size-dependent performance and positive growth autocorrelation as factors that may generate inc derlying size-dependent performance and growth autocorrelation are, however, quite diverse and ation of field studies, experiments and modeling. the experiments include studies of the origin effects of ontogenetic niche shifts and predation on size variation. modeling studies using a m shifts and predation on size variation. modeling studies using a modeling approach specifically ize variation. modeling studies using a modeling approach specifically designed to handle size- carried out to yield data on individual growth and cohort size formation in relation to hatchin elation to hatching date, resource use, habitat use and resource levels. |
10006 | 7 | in detectability. because of the recent growth in interest in assessing the status of protected
r planning decisions and managing local nature reserves; ecological consultants who carry out s l consultants who carry out surveys and mitigation projects on behalf of developers; and conser h several million pounds being spent on development mitigation for amphibians and reptiles, deb llion pounds being spent on development mitigation for amphibians and reptiles, debate rages ov sultants to produce much more effective mitigation plans for their clients. equally, it will st t comes to planning issues. managers of nature reserves will also be able to carry out more eff |
11536 | 7 | in detectability. because of the recent growth in interest in assessing the status of protected
r planning decisions and managing local nature reserves; ecological consultants who carry out s l consultants who carry out surveys and mitigation projects on behalf of developers; and conser h several million pounds being spent on development mitigation for amphibians and reptiles, deb llion pounds being spent on development mitigation for amphibians and reptiles, debate rages ov sultants to produce much more effective mitigation plans for their clients. equally, it will st t comes to planning issues. managers of nature reserves will also be able to carry out more eff |
12392 | 2 | pertinent to the uk marine and coastal environment at a national and regional scale, the uk wo
environment at a national and regional scale, the uk would demonstrate how to ensure the most |
2019 | 7 | tribution of gene family members to the development of organisms. in recent years it has become
pus oocytes and embryos as a vertebrate model system. to this end we will investigate: 1. the b -specific tbp paralog, during embryonic development; 2. alternative mechanisms of transcription tional repression and activation during development. our approach involves a combination of ant tial to further our knowledge of normal development and disease, including congenital malformat ng congenital malformation and abnormal growth and differentiation. keywords: transcription, ch ion, chromatin, repression, activation, development |
7702 | 10 | the conclusions of the grenelle of the environment, then the seating of the forest, emphasize
of biodiversity, and more generally of ecosystem functioning. this dual requirement of more in this dual requirement of more intensive production and high environmental quality is a challeng gement of services rendered by impacted ecosystems and deep expertise of their vulnerability to expertise of their vulnerability to an intensification of wood samples. the face of such chall h based on the principles of integrated ecosystem management, adaptive management, analysis of d simultaneously better conservation of ecosystems. the project emphasizes a participatory appr ical vulnerabilities and socio-economic development and intensification scenarios evaluation of ties and socio-economic development and intensification scenarios evaluation of forest manageme velopment and intensification scenarios evaluation of forest management participatory process s |
14431 | 2 | st evidence of human impact on the lake environment in remote mountain lake; and 3. the first i
the first industrial impact on the lake environment in remote mountain lake; the diatom analysi |
11459 | 4 | this proposal uses octopuses as model organisms to test the hypothesis that the antarct
tion events associated with past global climate change causing, for example, deep-ocean oxygen change causing, for example, deep-ocean oxygen minima. such events have been recorded from the ng of the drake passage. the subsequent development of deep-water connections between the south |
11031 | 10 | e were times of accelerated continental growth, pulses of magmatism. however, it may be that th
l crust at other ages may not mean that growth rates were low at those times. it might just be confirm the idea of pulsed continental growth. further, it would suggest that during these eve rthy topic in itself, understanding its growth may have broader implications. a growing set of ient past, including the abrupt rise of oxygen in the atmosphere that is essential to all anima major effects on the course of biologic evolution. what caused these changes is not clear. intr rrespond in age to the apparent crustal growth pulses. if the pulses were times of massive, glo have been observed to change the global climate. this raises the interesting possibility that t interesting possibility that the large-scale pattern of life s evolution was set by catastroph that the large-scale pattern of life s evolution was set by catastrophic events in the earth s |
11634 | 3 | vestigating the little-known biological community patterns and processes in the deep-sea. the c
y out high resolution research into the community structure and function in these interesting a search into the community structure and function in these interesting area and through in situ |
10331 | 1 | developed a novel interactive computer model . the biomechanical models will first be created
|
9819 | 1 | developed a novel interactive computer model . the biomechanical models will first be created
|
10184 | 3 | his novel work has implications for the evolution and honesty of sexual signals, the relationsh
ual signals should be based on limiting nutrients in the natural environment. ed on limiting nutrients in the natural environment. |
11061 | 4 | biologists are trying to understand the evolution of recognition and compatibility between game
very quickly, probably because of sperm competition between males to fertilise the eggs, and co g in atlantic salmon, which is an ideal model to examine these questions for both pure and appl conditions, but which mimic the normal function of sperm and egg in a salmon river. we will al |
14545 | 1 | tic study in which we will focus in the evolution of asexuality in aphids.
|
14181 | 2 | r of pronounced effects on whole-canopy growth and the ability of plants to forage for light. a
ted in different ways, to elucidate the nature of these cues. |
11219 | 7 | e potentially excellent evidence of the evolution of human walking. however, until recently we
found that methods used to analyze the distribution of chemical patterns in the brain are idea walking works like a metronome, saving energy as the body swings forward over the foot which c to side, and can actually save pendulum-energy sideways on, by their waddling gait. distant hum squat and stable build - did they save energy the same way it is likely that the footprints at rmation, which can recreate balance and energy-saving mechanisms in these early human ancestors ls, tools and evidence to interpret the evolution of walking at a crucial time period, the tran |
11707 | 7 | e potentially excellent evidence of the evolution of human walking. however, until recently we
found that methods used to analyze the distribution of chemical patterns in the brain are idea walking works like a metronome, saving energy as the body swings forward over the foot which c to side, and can actually save pendulum-energy sideways on, by their waddling gait. distant hum squat and stable build - did they save energy the same way it is likely that the footprints at rmation, which can recreate balance and energy-saving mechanisms in these early human ancestors ls, tools and evidence to interpret the evolution of walking at a crucial time period, the tran |
14336 | 2 | dry chaco, with little altitudinal and temperature variation over a large area, offers a great
to provide detailed data about the ant distribution and morphology. the information provided i |
9818 | 3 | co-evolution happens when two tight co-evolutionary intera
body types would be consistent with co-evolution; conversely, the lack of such associations wo neral issue of whether hypotheses of co-evolution are actually supported by the fossil evidence |
1962 | 4 | ect defence mechanisms include a.o. the production of deterring or toxic secondary metabolites.
ted, using a combination of laboratory, mesocosm, and field studies. the project will contribut ribute to our understanding of both the evolution of plant defence in complex natural ecosystem ion of plant defence in complex natural ecosystems and the compatibility of pest control strate |
10338 | 7 | o possible causal events such as global climate change, asteroid impacts and volcanism. establi
oactive isotopes within the crystal and growth of their radiogenic daughter isotopes. these iso xy for the depositional age of the host sediment. we aim to exploit this new knowledge to devel important to characterise the rate and nature of trace element uptake, and the chemical stabil trace element uptake, and the chemical stability of each bone before deriving a date. we have with poorly resolved dates. successful development of this technique would provide a method to al framework within which the rates and nature of the most profound crisis experienced by life |
10040 | 1 | in any community of living organisms as our test species. two
|
10158 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
10431 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
10432 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
10723 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
11714 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
9907 | 1 | t measurement and sampling of water and sediment within subglacial lake ellsworth in west antar
|
11360 | 6 | activity influences the fate of primary production and phytoplankton succession, may enhance ph
of primary production and phytoplankton succession, may enhance phytoplankton diversity and str phytoplankton diversity and structures food webs. however, no techniques currently exist to di fy the viral component of phytoplankton mortality. we aim to develop a highly promising dilutio on technique to directly quantify viral mortality of specific phytoplankton in natural waters. to interpret phytoplankton:viral:grazer population dynamics and their biogeochemical consequenc |
13575 | 5 | l fishing pressure, nephrops norvegicus production remains high, and the question is what suppo
and the question is what supports this production a major source of subsidies to marine system bjective is to quantify both direct and indirect effects of discarded by-catch under as close t ver be modified by: nephrops population density, the presence of other scavengers . this projec ts, and how this links in with nephrops production. |
12023 | 13 | land use change strongly modifies the biodiversity and
versity and functioning of semi-natural ecosystems. the effects on ecosystems functioning can b semi-natural ecosystems. the effects on ecosystems functioning can be either direct, via a modi f the jena biodiversity experiment, the model was parametrized for about 70 species. the model parametrized for about 70 species. the model was validated for 13 grass species. a large scale validated for 13 grass species. a large scale virtual experiment allowed studying systematicall tically interactions between four plant traits at two n supply levels. optimal values for total s for total plant biomass of these four traits matched exactly field measured trait values. the xactly field measured trait values. the model therefore shows that these plant traits and their model therefore shows that these plant traits and their plasticity have an adaptive value, thr y have an adaptive value, through plant growth maximization. plastic responses of traits and pl owth maximization. plastic responses of traits and plasticity limits, which contribute to speci is result suggests a path to ecological intensification of meadows, through increased use of sp |
13603 | 3 | a recent review of diseases of the european edible crab for crus
me population. experiments to study the mortality of infected individual are set up in the stat disease prevalence and the assumed high mortality caused by the diseases, is studied by an inve |
10142 | 12 | riorities in biodiversity conservation. competition has long been proposed as an important forc
uctions, phylogenetic investigations of community structure have become possible, testing the e become possible, testing the effect of competition between species. the main idea is that clos ied to test this phylogenetic effect of competition in structuring community assembly using up ic effect of competition in structuring community assembly using up to date phylogenetic compar tic relationship has a direct effect on competition. my project will involve a different model: on. my project will involve a different model: rotifers. they are tiny animals living in water, nsities of individuals and high species richness, with 100 species living together. such high d n the field, and performing analyses of community structure to find evidence of competition the community structure to find evidence of competition the hypotheses based on field data, and sec eses based on field data, and second to model the processes acting in nature. second to model the processes acting in nature. |
15503 | 7 | factors; it is well known that current climate, topography, structure and quality of habitat,
e, topography, structure and quality of habitat, human impact or historical climate changes aff of habitat, human impact or historical climate changes affect the distribution of diversity in r historical climate changes affect the distribution of diversity in different ways. however, u e simultaneity of these effects and the competition for evolutionary processes and historical c dients is based on the study of species richness; other aspects of diversity, such as functiona study the determinants of diversity and community structure of beetles scarabaeoidea determine |
11098 | 2 | origin of life. i propose to study the distribution and morphology of these dislocations, thei
hology of these dislocations, their t-t evolution and geochemical implications for fluid-rock r |
10094 | 1 | resources. aflp analysis will determine heterogeneity within and between populations from diffe
|
1936 | 3 | wo wind dispersal models, a statistical model of the so called gaussian plume type and a mechan
n plume type and a mechanistic particle model. data on external seed transport by animals will and used to set up a spatially explicit model to simulate the likelihood of dispersal of charac |
12149 | 6 | distribution and abundance assessment of two invasive f
distribution and abundance assessment of two invasive fish species - rou rasites for lithuanian water bodies. as abundance regulation experiment would be carried out du help to control further dispersion and abundance. project findings would give us essential inf eco-systems and would be background for mitigation measures to stop further invasion and to red urther invasion and to reduce impact on ecosystems. |
10474 | 4 | play a major role in determining world climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
rld climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide approach s uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide approach specifically targeted at the pp |
9905 | 4 | play a major role in determining world climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
rld climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide approach s uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide approach specifically targeted at the pp |
9807 | 3 | ls alter perceived petal colour, scent, temperature or nectar availability, in order to underst
flowers, whether they react to scent or temperature differences, whether it takes them longer t , enhancing our understanding of the co-evolution of plants and their pollinators during their |
15381 | 3 | g the dynamics of mammalian chromosomal evolution. chromosome reorganizations, such as inversio
s are organized analyse the topological distribution of evolutionary breakpoint regions in rela will significantly enhance the research environment and capabilities for frontier research in s |
13945 | 5 | the transport of dissolved organic matter phytoplankton species. it is suggested t
species. it is suggested that it is the nitrogen in the dom that is beneficial for the hab-form olecules such as amino acids containing nitrogen has been shown to take place. however, virtual uch as proteins or humic substances for growth. a large part of the dom entering coastal waters ct uptake of large molecules containing nitrogen. if this is a common trait among hab-forming p |
11733 | 3 | ver, the implications of this change on ecosystem functioning remain unknown due to our lack of
fundamental understanding of how these ecosystems work. dissolved organic nitrogen , bas and n hese ecosystems work. dissolved organic nitrogen , bas and nerc research programmes and will di |
10160 | 2 | sults may, in the long run, lead to the development of methods to monitor and assess the changi
or and assess the changing state of our environment. |
15096 | 5 | tal effects on hosts, by reducing their growth, fecundity, killing branches or, in cases of hea
ours its spread and increases the water stress of hosts. in this project, our aim is to provide ion on the factors that determine their distribution area, effects on hosts, and host-parasite- . many few studies in ecology have used spatial analysis to characterize the infection processe al variables that modulate the parasite distribution. this project is pionner in this kind of t |
6871 | 6 | loodplain water bodies provide suitable growth conditions for aquatic biota including the potam
oplankton. water exchange between these growth areas and the mainstream river results in a drif river results in a drift of biota as a function of stochastic fluctuations in discharge. as a disturbance factor plays a key role in community organization of potamoplankton. the present p ics of potamoplankton at various flows. mapping of dead zones may initiate similar studies conc natural flow inhomogeny and floodplain connectivity. |
2479 | 14 | tructure and species composition of the ecosystems they invade. the ctenophore mnemiopsis leidy
mnemiopsis can severely disrupt pelagic food webs through direct predation and competition as w isrupt pelagic food webs through direct predation and competition as well as several top-down a food webs through direct predation and competition as well as several top-down and bottom-up p psis' proven ability to disturb pelagic ecosystems, it is imperative to study its role in this mperative to study its role in this new habitat. the conditions mnemiopsis faces in norway diff investigate the geographic and seasonal distribution of mnemiopsis in norway and to evaluate it in norway and to evaluate its potential ecosystem impact. we will accomplish this through a com tive and feeding biology of mnemiopsis, predation on mnemiopsis, and the cascading impacts of a psis on different levels of the pelagic community. the resulting knowledge will improve our abi y to understand and predict changes and succession in pelagic ecosystems due to invasive specie edict changes and succession in pelagic ecosystems due to invasive species and/or increased num and/or increased numbers of gelatinous predators, in norway as well as globally. the results a ts are relevant with respect to prudent ecosystem-based management of norwegian marine resource |
1984 | 5 | ntrolling factors of n2 fixation at the ecosystem level. in order to achieve these aims a molec
l mats are complex, vertical stratified ecosystems in which cyanobacteria play a key role. the key role. the most important source of nitrogen in coastal microbial mats is n2 and the n2 fix s n2 and the n2 fixation rates in these ecosystems are therefore high. there are several functi s are therefore high. there are several functional groups of microorganisms in the mats that ar |
15157 | 2 | al aims at inferring the history of the colonization of the continental subterranean waters by
on is ideal to undertake studies on the evolution and biogeography of the subterranean fauna si |
7138 | 3 | esign and test predictive models of the evolution of populations of various groups of soil inve
esponse groups will be determined and a model based on the related processes these features wil the responses of soil invertebrates to land use change. |
12056 | 11 | context climate change , was created and a complete phylogeny o
validate these mechanisms. statistical modelling of current and future distribution of the 300 istical modelling of current and future distribution of the 3000 plant species in the area was t and monitoring. finally, a simulation model of vegetation has been created and set to the zon itoring. finally, a simulation model of vegetation has been created and set to the zone of the h data analyses allowed us to infer the distribution mechanisms of plant biodiversity. another developments therefore enabled both to model the current distribution and future of the entire efore enabled both to model the current distribution and future of the entire alpine flora in r alpine flora in response to changes in climate and land use. this model predicts a strong uphe o changes in climate and land use. this model predicts a strong upheaval in the distribution of model predicts a strong upheaval in the distribution of biodiversity with a sharp decline in sp |
15524 | 1 | past, and future distributions under a global change scenario.
|
13838 | 4 | this is reflected in host preferences, community structure and adaptations to abiotic conditio
biotic conditions; 2 the ectomycorrhiza symbiosis is evolutionary stable and this promotes incr nge of hosts, occurs in a wide range of ecosystems, and is sparsely studied by molecular method l character state analyses for selected functional traits. the ectomycorrhizal condition will b |
11275 | 10 | robes are important components of every ecosystem and natural environment on earth, yet our und
mponents of every ecosystem and natural environment on earth, yet our understanding of microbia of all microbes present in a particular environment. these methods enable the capture of sub-se fy most of the organisms present in any environment. this approach has massively expanded our a sponsible for recycling biomass in many ecosystems. given the diversity and extensive distribut tems. given the diversity and extensive distribution of this microbial group in aquatic environ oup represents an important part of the microbial community. in addition, this group has a very approach will enable us to observe the nature of these microbial cells and their abundance and ture of these microbial cells and their abundance and role within different habitat types. eir abundance and role within different habitat types. |
14660 | 2 | atic inclusions, which, in the event of growth in the presence of pollutants, could perhaps be
could perhaps be used in the future as indicators of ecotoxicity. |
7410 | 2 | of dehalogenases functional genes, and evolution of microbial degradation capacity of organoha
acity of organohalogen compounds in the environment |
185 | 12 | e and more fragmented nowadays, forming habitat mosaics. however, most studies investigating pa
ating patterns of species diversity and abundance are restricted to examining the effect of onl atterns of insect species diversity and abundance in alvars. this is a type of seminatural calc ess isolated distinct patches, in which habitat specialists are likely to exist only as metapop we will examine the response of species richness, composition and abundance to current and hist se of species richness, composition and abundance to current and historical area and connectivi ance to current and historical area and connectivity of alvars. we also examine insect communit ivity of alvars. we also examine insect community structure as dependent on landscape matrix su pendent on landscape matrix surrounding habitat, abundance of resources, vegetation cover and t n landscape matrix surrounding habitat, abundance of resources, vegetation cover and the level unding habitat, abundance of resources, vegetation cover and the level of overgrowth with woody l and current influences on present-day community patterns. the study focuses on two trophic le |
2480 | 8 | primary producers in the marine pelagic community. haptophyte blooms may also have a major impa
also have a major impact on the global carbon balance and on climate forcing, and toxins may c act on the global carbon balance and on climate forcing, and toxins may cause fish-kills. we la on their biodiversity and quantitative distribution and dynamics at the species and population composition, diversity, life cycle and abundance are affected by environmental factors. the ab affected by environmental factors. the abundance and distribution of haptophyte specific virus nvironmental factors. the abundance and distribution of haptophyte specific viruses will be exa the marine pico- and nanophytoplankton community, where haptophytes play a significant role. t |
14675 | 9 | ce of gypsum in the soil determines the development of a vegetation of great ecological interes
he soil determines the development of a vegetation of great ecological interest, characterized pecies adapted to salt excess and water stress, many of them being endemic plants. in these hig s complicated and slow. the mycorrhizal symbiosis is an essential factor of the productivity an symbiosis is an essential factor of the productivity and diversity of natural ecosystems. it is e productivity and diversity of natural ecosystems. it is well known its contribution to nutrie ovement of drought tolerance and to the facilitation process. therefore, the mycorrhizal fungi important role in the establishment and development of plant species in gypsum soils. under thi hizas play in the tolerance to the salt stress. an approach to the knowledge of the rizosphere |
7382 | 2 | we study the molecular evolution of a gene family encoding agpase, a key enzym
regions and promoter. understanding the evolution of the family will be complemented by the ide |
7013 | 2 | tively little attention. the only large-scale study carried out so far was based on material co
made to gain data on host plants and on distribution within islands. morphological studies are |
10182 | 5 | ampling will investigate the extent and nature of the predatory beetle community and their prey
tent and nature of the predatory beetle community and their prey in the control and improved gr that there are fast and slow routes of carbon transfer into the higher trophic levels. a manip etermining the composition of the plant community. these studies will address the overall objec sourhope and their effects on the plant community. |
13468 | 3 | the project focuses on plant population dynamics and species diversity within arable
chronology of species-establishment and density changes in species-populations on different spa y successional grasslands on a european scale, we will seek generalities by comparing results f |
14842 | 3 | y based in morphological and ecological traits, five different subspecies have been distinguish
f this species. firstly, the geographic distribution of the species will be determined as well mined as well as its main morphological traits. secondly, a study of the genotypic variability |
7518 | 2 | tic species may differ depending on the nature or type of genetic marker used to assess. the ai
aches lead to the proposal of diversity indicators. these methods are illustrated with real cas |
421 | 8 | expected commensurate reduction in the ecosystem services that they provide. however, the natu
ervices that they provide. however, the nature of this change remains poorly documented, and wi he understanding of which landscape and habitat features are responsible for the shift in commu atures are responsible for the shift in community composition. we predicted that life-history t osition. we predicted that life-history traits increasing the ability of soil fauna to disperse lationship between species life-history traits, landscape and habitat attributes. in highly int cies life-history traits, landscape and habitat attributes. in highly intensified farming syste and had high dispersal abilities. other traits also showed significant relationships with the m |
14120 | 2 | nd the demographic processes of regular recruitment and turnover of individuals. an application
the results will be applicable also in nature conservation. |
2061 | 25 | rvesting combined with changes in ocean climate has generated large fluctuations in northern ma
e fluctuations in northern marine shelf ecosystems. the link between zooplankton and apex preda . the link between zooplankton and apex predators in these systems is occupied by a few key spe ch sustain a large and diverse group of predators are characterized by a variable and complex d characterized by a variable and complex distribution in densities in space and time. in this pr al we argue that the highly dynamic and scale-dependent spatial pattern of forage fish species the highly dynamic and scale-dependent spatial pattern of forage fish species is a key factor cies is a key factor in shaping the top predator community and determining the trophic interact key factor in shaping the top predator community and determining the trophic interaction betwe nteraction between forage fish and apex predators. to evaluate the role of this hypothesis on t uate the role of this hypothesis on the ecosystem processes, we propose a study that aims at ex pose a study that aims at exploring the spatial pattern in predator-prey interactions and compe ims at exploring the spatial pattern in predator-prey interactions and competition. data on spa ttern in predator-prey interactions and competition. data on spatial distribution of apex preda ctions and competition. data on spatial distribution of apex predators, forage fish species and n. data on spatial distribution of apex predators, forage fish species and zooplankton will be zed by using a recently developed multi-scale statistical method that separate patterns on diff les. we will quantify the scales of the spatial pattern and the spatial overlap of the differen nd the spatial overlap of the different predator-prey groups. we will furthermore examine the s xamine the spatial response of the apex predator community to changes in the abundance and spat e spatial response of the apex predator community to changes in the abundance and spatial patte ex predator community to changes in the abundance and spatial pattern of prey. finally, we will mmunity to changes in the abundance and spatial pattern of prey. finally, we will quantify the finally, we will quantify the temporal stability and predictability in the observed spatial pa lity and predictability in the observed spatial pattern within and between years. |
7001 | 1 | the present distribution of amphibians and reptiles in central euro
|
15065 | 1 | to make it available to the scientific community.
|
15520 | 6 | the increasing functional diversity in the forest system favours its r
st system favours its resilience to the global change. in this project a multidisciplinar team analysis of the variability spectrum of functional traits in woody species across an environmen . 2 analysis of functional stategies at community level and their relations with changes in wat ns, particularly drought. 4 analysis of mortality and regeneration rates of main forest species ates of main forest species at regional evaluation and recomendations on reforestation techniqu |
10378 | 1 | which can significantly influence host mortality. environmental stresses can induce phage rele
|
14146 | 4 | homobasidiomycetes represent a specific environment hosting particular organisms. besides ample
ons on the patterns of host specificity evolution and cocladogenesis. planned multigene analyse gical expertise will likely lead to the development of dna barcodes. the individual studies aim o plan to detect evidence of correlated evolution of selected associates and to test the associ |
11756 | 2 | ment nor the optimal conditions for its production by diatoms have been established, the main a
vironmental conditions that control its production in a number of species of the haslea genus i |
7373 | 2 | salt stress is a major constraint to agriculture. the object
ical and molecular determinants of salt stress tolerance. the project focuses on the analysis o |
13878 | 12 | he current debate on how the control of ecosystem diversity and functioning depends on the feed
d organisms say that soil processes can function at low levels of species richness in soil. thi s can function at low levels of species richness in soil. this is due to a low degree of specie species specific links within the soil food web that maintain a high redundancy in functions. the soil food web that maintain a high redundancy in functions. we claim that this dogma is du interactions between organisms in soil food web we propose the use of techniques that will add igh resolution of the structure of soil food webs. we will: identify the direction and specific nd fungal feeding invertebrates in soil food webs. nested pcrs of dna extracts of soil animals in amplified clones will determine the abundance of fungi and thus the feeding specialization als. we will: identify the structure of food webs by detecting stable 13c isotope ratios of soi l determine their trophic levels in the food web. press perturbation experiments with plant der ine the structure and diversity of soil food webs under influence of different plant communitie |
7369 | 1 | t, problem, objectives, methods chosen. phenology of the apical bud in the oak provenance tests
|
10427 | 2 | e that predicts deformation, strain and stress in a digital structure. these techniques will be
ical morphologies not normally found in nature. the results of this project will lead to a grea |
11218 | 2 | e that predicts deformation, strain and stress in a digital structure. these techniques will be
ical morphologies not normally found in nature. the results of this project will lead to a grea |
11427 | 2 | e that predicts deformation, strain and stress in a digital structure. these techniques will be
ical morphologies not normally found in nature. the results of this project will lead to a grea |
6791 | 2 | goal is to determine the diversity and abundance of thelephoroid ectomycorrhizae in the most c
f thelephora-ectomycorrhiza to obtain a model system for investigating physiological and bichem |
12053 | 5 | ty of metabolisms and adaptation to the environment is obvious. genomic data already identify t
l niches and the essential phenotypical traits. hypotheses on the evolution in the species and phenotypical traits. hypotheses on the evolution in the species and on the genetic stability o ution in the species and on the genetic stability of strains will be drawn. to propose methods elected strains on the diversity in the ecosystem and to draw the conclusions for its preservat |
10341 | 1 | yrata ssp. petraea populations over its distribution range in europe. the aim is to obtain enou
|
9919 | 1 | toring and conservation, ecological and ecosystems research involving all life stages, and bioc
|
11874 | 15 | ortant natural laboratory for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital
ry for examining ecosystem responses to climate change, and it is vital that the biological cha a combination of the simplicity of its ecosystems, which exhibit restricted species diversity ricted species diversity and food chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurri od chain complexity, with environmental warming which is occurring at approximately twice the r ions. one of the major features of this warming appears to be the greening-up of terrestrial ha ars to be linked to the availability of nitrogen which is often present in short supply in many te its central role in regulating plant growth, our knowledge of the nitrogen cycle in antarcti ting plant growth, our knowledge of the nitrogen cycle in antarctic environments remains extrem , we believe that current models of the nitrogen cycle are unsound as they have failed to inclu polar n cycling by looking in detail at competition between soil and plants for organic and ino il and plants for organic and inorganic nitrogen. ultimately, this will enhance mathematical mo mathematical models used for predicting ecosystem responses to perturbation. the work directly k directly underpins policy relating to environmental change and biodiversity in polar regions. remely relevant to many other low-input ecosystems around the world . |
10034 | 8 | which organisms are responsible for nitrogen cycling in acid soils nitrification is essenti
fication is essential to the cycling of nitrogen throughout the environment. it involves the co the cycling of nitrogen throughout the environment. it involves the conversion of ammonia to n t involves the conversion of ammonia to nitrate by two groups of microorganisms. ammonia oxidis tained in soil, but after conversion to nitrate, it can be readily leached resulting in the pol ammonia oxidation is accompanied by the production of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas wh wledge of the organisms responsible for nitrogen cycling in natural and managed acidic soil sys tand the links between biodiversity and ecosystem function, including the mechanisms and organi |
10255 | 30 | tivity with consequences for our future climate. the biosphere has been suggested as a signific
this change by sequestering additional carbon. key to our understanding and evaluation of thes al carbon. key to our understanding and evaluation of these processes is knowledge about the ex is knowledge about the extent to which ecosystems acclimate to elevated co2. some research has research has indicated only short-term growth responses to elevated co2, but these studies hav ut these studies have often focussed on production responses ignoring more subtle shifts in who es ignoring more subtle shifts in whole ecosystem function. even where acclimation has occurred state of equilibrium results in altered ecosystem function, especially with regard to c loss or y with regard to c loss or gain. arctic ecosystems are of critical importance to global conserv ion and store up to one-third of global soil carbon reserves. their stability under future atmo d of global soil carbon reserves. their stability under future atmospheric co2 scenarios will h r influences on global biodiversity and warming. in this study we want to test whether arctic p elevated co2 has a cumulative effect on ecosystem properties that influence ecosystem stability on ecosystem properties that influence ecosystem stability, resistance and resilience. as a re tem properties that influence ecosystem stability, resistance and resilience. as a result of an ies that influence ecosystem stability, resistance and resilience. as a result of anthropogenic of anthropogenic gaseous emissions, the climate of arctic regions is likely to alter, in partic to alter, in particular with regard to temperature and precipitation. these changes, and other rticular with regard to temperature and precipitation. these changes, and other periodic pertur riodic perturbations will challenge the stability of current vegetation and soil microbial proc will challenge the stability of current vegetation and soil microbial processes. sub-arctic hea stems are also subject to periodic mass herbivory events, for example due to mass infestation b ated defoliation event. in a controlled environment facility, we will also investigate whether investigate whether variations in soil temperature and moisture content will interact with the ions based on improved predictions from climate models. specifically, the extent to which whole specifically, the extent to which whole ecosystems acclimate to elevated co2 is a key area of u y area of uncertainty in predicting and modelling future scenarios. research findings will also cantly advance our understanding of the stability of arctic ecosystems to perturbations under f nderstanding of the stability of arctic ecosystems to perturbations under future climate change cosystems to perturbations under future climate change and important potential impacts on globa |
11464 | 9 | importance of prokaryotic diversity to ecosystem function is suspected but unknown. the extent
diversity in response to environmental stress. it has thus been impossible to test this hypoth st this hypothesis. we have developed a model based on species abundance distributions which ca have developed a model based on species abundance distributions which can be used to quantify b erial diversity . the bacterial species distribution is predicted to change from log-normal und tric when a single or few factors drive community structure e.g. reduction in water quality due ality due to pollution. we will use our model to test whether lake trophic status and water qua water quality are linked to the species abundance distribution and bacterial diversity. ity are linked to the species abundance distribution and bacterial diversity. |
11799 | 9 | importance of prokaryotic diversity to ecosystem function is suspected but unknown. the extent
diversity in response to environmental stress. it has thus been impossible to test this hypoth st this hypothesis. we have developed a model based on species abundance distributions which ca have developed a model based on species abundance distributions which can be used to quantify b erial diversity . the bacterial species distribution is predicted to change from log-normal und tric when a single or few factors drive community structure e.g. reduction in water quality due ality due to pollution. we will use our model to test whether lake trophic status and water qua water quality are linked to the species abundance distribution and bacterial diversity. ity are linked to the species abundance distribution and bacterial diversity. |
2022 | 8 | nile fish. however, a true nursery is a habitat that contributes more per unit area to the prod
t contributes more per unit area to the production of individuals that recruit to the adult ree population, then these habitats do not function as productive nurseries, but only as sinks for this proposal aims to quantify whether density, growth and survival of juvenile fish is higher posal aims to quantify whether density, growth and survival of juvenile fish is higher in mangr analysis of otolith microchemistry and stable isotopes, and long-term fish tagging. quantitati cological interactions between tropical ecosystems, and of the population dynamics of tropical between tropical ecosystems, and of the population dynamics of tropical reef fish with spatiall |
11284 | 3 | phic oceanic gyres, the earth s largest ecosystems, which profoundly affect global biogeochemis
undly affect global biogeochemistry and climate. compared to complex biogeochemical dynamics of rimentally, a phosphate an oligotrophic ecosystem controlled by mixotrophic protists is sustain |
11335 | 5 | in the uk will rely on increasing crop production by c. 70% by 2070. meeting these production
uction by c. 70% by 2070. meeting these production goals will depend on reducing crop losses to increasingly challenging. plant derived resistance, and particularly multi-species interactions ived resistance, and particularly multi-species interactions that enhance such crop resistance, ies interactions that enhance such crop resistance, could therefore be invaluable. the aim of t |
11846 | 7 | cognise that we need to manage using an ecosystem based approach while at the same time maintai
dustry in management decisions. such an ecosystem approach requires a more mechanistic understa understanding of the role the physical environment plays whilst also taking into account multi hilst also taking into account multiple species interactions. it is also clear, as more demand hysical mechanisms that may lead to the facilitation of predator-prey interactions. this resear ms that may lead to the facilitation of predator-prey interactions. this research will greatly derstanding needed for implementing the ecosystem approach to sustainable fisheries management. |
10736 | 1 | amage, for both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. iit is of utmost importance to understand h
|
10817 | 13 | g the factors that drive changes in the abundance of animal populations is fundamental to ecolo
opulations show regular oscillations in abundance, known as cycles, and these are usually thoug o be due to matched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the h atched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the herbivore s fo od quality is not thought to respond to herbivory in a way which could lead to cycles, but we h ntly experience reduced availability of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive r bility of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive rate and hence slows down the r hence slows down the rate of population growth in the following year. eventually populations fa erbivores are once again able to access nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduct cess nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduction increase again. we believe this l mechanism for the first time in large-scale field experiments. firstly, we will determine the ow feeding in these areas affects their growth and reproduction. these experiments will assess defences can cause changes in herbivore abundance and help us develop a better understanding of |
11049 | 13 | g the factors that drive changes in the abundance of animal populations is fundamental to ecolo
opulations show regular oscillations in abundance, known as cycles, and these are usually thoug o be due to matched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the h atched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the herbivore s fo od quality is not thought to respond to herbivory in a way which could lead to cycles, but we h ntly experience reduced availability of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive r bility of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive rate and hence slows down the r hence slows down the rate of population growth in the following year. eventually populations fa erbivores are once again able to access nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduct cess nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduction increase again. we believe this l mechanism for the first time in large-scale field experiments. firstly, we will determine the ow feeding in these areas affects their growth and reproduction. these experiments will assess defences can cause changes in herbivore abundance and help us develop a better understanding of |
11562 | 13 | g the factors that drive changes in the abundance of animal populations is fundamental to ecolo
opulations show regular oscillations in abundance, known as cycles, and these are usually thoug o be due to matched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the h atched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the herbivore s fo od quality is not thought to respond to herbivory in a way which could lead to cycles, but we h ntly experience reduced availability of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive r bility of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive rate and hence slows down the r hence slows down the rate of population growth in the following year. eventually populations fa erbivores are once again able to access nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduct cess nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduction increase again. we believe this l mechanism for the first time in large-scale field experiments. firstly, we will determine the ow feeding in these areas affects their growth and reproduction. these experiments will assess defences can cause changes in herbivore abundance and help us develop a better understanding of |
11829 | 13 | g the factors that drive changes in the abundance of animal populations is fundamental to ecolo
opulations show regular oscillations in abundance, known as cycles, and these are usually thoug o be due to matched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the h atched oscillations in the abundance of predators rather than any changes in the herbivore s fo od quality is not thought to respond to herbivory in a way which could lead to cycles, but we h ntly experience reduced availability of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive r bility of nutrients. this reduces their growth and reproductive rate and hence slows down the r hence slows down the rate of population growth in the following year. eventually populations fa erbivores are once again able to access nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduct cess nutrients in the grasses and their growth and reproduction increase again. we believe this l mechanism for the first time in large-scale field experiments. firstly, we will determine the ow feeding in these areas affects their growth and reproduction. these experiments will assess defences can cause changes in herbivore abundance and help us develop a better understanding of |
11441 | 3 | he degree of utilisation of new and old carbon in soils and peats by the microbial biomass to b
nd old carbon in soils and peats by the microbial biomass to be assessed. plfa profiling and st y the microbial biomass to be assessed. plfa profiling and structural investigations will allow |
13610 | 10 | ent dynamics during an recent change in dominance among plant growth forms in lake tåkern, sout
recent change in dominance among plant growth forms in lake tåkern, southern sweden. the lake istorical record of repeated structural regime shifts between clear and turbid states and the p and the present situation may precede a regime shift. in august, floating filamentous algae and tions between submerged macrophytes and nutrients, particularly phosphorus, are central to the macrophytes and nutrients, particularly phosphorus, are central to the lake system structure an in the water and stored in plants , and phosphorus fractions in surface sediments in different tions in surface sediments in different vegetation stands across the lake, in september-october -linear responses to eutrophication and regime shifts in aquatic systems, but also for the unde so for the understanding and management ecosystems in general. |
13355 | 1 | tion, conservation characterization and evaluation data are subject to documentation of plant g
|
10564 | 8 | hive of information recording the diet, climate and residence of its owner. this information al
how they moved around and utilized this environment, and what seasonal changes in temperature w vironment, and what seasonal changes in temperature were experienced. we know this can be done e root. these estimates for tooth crown development have been confirmed by recent isotopic stud of time is recorded in the enamel, the oxygen isotope ratios along the line should vary in a r ecause they are sensitive to changes in climate, particularly temperature differences between s ive to changes in climate, particularly temperature differences between summer and winter. howe time in a single individual, short-term seasonality may not be preserved in human enamel. |
10211 | 1 | that regulate it are poorly understood. carbon fungi are a dominant group of microorganisms tha
|
13790 | 9 | udies found that consumer p content and growth rate can be affected by food quality and that fa
milar mechanisms are at work in benthic ecosystems. the first part will test two key hypotheses part will test two key hypotheses about growth rates and nutrient content of snail grazers, by erial from an earlier experiment, where nutrients, light and grazer density were manipulated: w ment, where nutrients, light and grazer density were manipulated: within species, individual gr manipulated: within species, individual growth rate and p content is lower in pristine than in ating invertebrate species composition, growth and stoichiometry will help to predict effects o of eutrophication and loss of riparian vegetation on benthic ecosystems. loss of riparian vegetation on benthic ecosystems. |
11264 | 2 | be the first attempt to manipulate the distribution of both information and personality within
and will provide a new insight into the function of diversity for social animals when coping wi |
11546 | 2 | be the first attempt to manipulate the distribution of both information and personality within
and will provide a new insight into the function of diversity for social animals when coping wi |
11551 | 1 | nce that it may play a role in adaptive evolution. we will use the hawaiian endemic plant genus
|
10439 | 2 | hymenoscyphus ericae, has considerable intraspecific variation in its preference for nitrogen
pecific variation in its preference for nitrogen sources available. this project aims specifica |
9927 | 7 | early nutrition shapes an individual s development. parental provisioning strategies can, ther
ore, have profound effects on offspring life history. in blue tits, like many parids, an intrig ing occurs during early stages of chick development breeding in nestboxes around the university ol for overall amino acid intake. chick growth, development and blood antioxidant activity will verall amino acid intake. chick growth, development and blood antioxidant activity will be comp essed by measuring cell-mediated immune function and plumage reflectance. finally, we will test ions and the role of nutrition in avian development. |
10345 | 1 | lutants or mixtures on reproduction and development in british freshwater molluscs have not bee
|
10136 | 3 | nked to increases in winter sea surface temperature. the effects of this reduction in condition
g performance under differing levels of competition in the wild. salmon returning to the river this field work we will measure various traits of the eggs and fry in the lab, to determine how |
10678 | 4 | for thermal dissipation of excess light energy in leaves. i will examine the extent to which ps
hanges in response to light regime as a function of light ecotype and how this relates to photo nderpin the mechanistic basis for light habitat preference using recent information regarding t ent information regarding the structure-function relationship of the antenna complex to address |
10944 | 25 | dea that each individual species avoids competition with its neighbour by using a different set
ber of soil resources, most notably for nitrogen, which until recently was thought to be taken ing that plants can uptake a variety of nitrogen forms in the soil, including many organic form iffer in their preference for different nitrogen forms. if this is the case in nature, the poss nitrogen forms. if this is the case in nature, the possibility exists that plants may be able exists that plants may be able to avoid competition for soil nitrogen by using different forms y be able to avoid competition for soil nitrogen by using different forms of nitrogen that are il nitrogen by using different forms of nitrogen that are available in soil. there is a certain dence that this may be the case in some ecosystems where nitrogen is especially limiting to pla ay be the case in some ecosystems where nitrogen is especially limiting to plant growth, for ex itrogen is especially limiting to plant growth, for example in the arctic; however, these exper only be done on a very limited range of nitrogen forms. here, we propose to test the idea that source partitioning for a wide range of nitrogen forms that commonly occur in these soils. we w with other organisms in these strongly nitrogen limited ecosystems, notably the soil microbes isms in these strongly nitrogen limited ecosystems, notably the soil microbes that are know to e effective competitors with plants for nitrogen. here we test the idea that this competition m trogen. here we test the idea that this competition might be minimised in a similar way to that , microbes and plant also use different nitrogen forms to avoid competition for this limiting r o use different nitrogen forms to avoid competition for this limiting resource. we will do this coexisting plant species use different nitrogen forms from each other, and whether soil microb hether soil microbes also use different nitrogen forms from the plants this will also allow us her there is a relationship between the dominance of species in the field and the availability and the availability of their preferred nitrogen form in soil in other words, the most abundant ts preferentially use the most abundant nitrogen form, whereas rare species use the rarest nitr rm, whereas rare species use the rarest nitrogen forms. |
10241 | 2 | invertebrate celleporella hyalina as a model species to test the prediction that, analogous to
s for outbreeding caused for example by habitat degredation and fragmentation. the programme th |
11100 | 2 | invertebrate celleporella hyalina as a model species to test the prediction that, analogous to
s for outbreeding caused for example by habitat degredation and fragmentation. the programme th |
11870 | 2 | reasonable assumption that the visible productivity in each country, and hold wider-reach trai
hold wider-reach training workshops in carbon cycle science in each country at the start and e |
9840 | 7 | nd show dramatic and regular changes in abundance with regular seven to ten year fluctuations i
gular seven to ten year fluctuations in abundance. the ecological mechanisms causing these fluc uctuations are currently unknown. large-scale experiments on cyclic populations of snowshoe har ulations of snowshoe hares suggest that predation and food availability interact to destabilise pically occur on sporting estates where predators are rigorously controlled and thus it is unli controlled and thus it is unlikely that predation causes mountain hare cycles. over-winter food mountain hare cycles. over-winter food abundance has long been recognised as playing a critica |
7687 | 2 | by a multidisciplinary, multi -scale and multi partnership, our poulhaie crem project
mainly hedges landscape in facilitating predation on extensive outdoor poultry farms by small c |
2169 | 5 | pecific human-related driving forces of ecosystem change that are identified as major threats t
ies. the project focuses on terrestrial vegetation in mires, forests, and alpine areas, which a igating the effects of these drivers on vegetation, we will also study how vegetational changes l changes in turn have consequences for ecosystem services, focusing on pollination. for this p including specialists in palaeoecology, community ecology, pollination, forest ecology, cultura |
15389 | 8 | global change trends suggest that one of the most hard
as a consequence, the increase of water salinity will affect probably to many arid streams. inf rmittent streams, however the effect of salinity on these mentioned aspects is not well knowed. o analyze the synergic effect that both stress factors . finally, to have information on the va unities and ecological process in these ecosystems, may help to propose specific indicators for cosystems, may help to propose specific indicators for intermittent saline streams and to know aline streams and to know the effect of multiple stressors on running water ecosystem. of multiple stressors on running water ecosystem. |
11492 | 14 | otosynthetic pathway dominate grassland ecosystems and cereal production in warm climates. both
ominate grassland ecosystems and cereal production in warm climates. both the multiple evolutio upt geological shifts in the ecological dominance of this group have been linked with changes i ked with changes in atmospheric co2 and climate. c4 plant responses to global change are theref co2 and climate. c4 plant responses to global change are therefore of fundamental importance f therefore of fundamental importance for ecosystem resource management under anthropogenic clima resource management under anthropogenic climate change and for understanding the earth system, osynthesis, but instead linked with the traits characterising the independent plant lineages wh ater relations by linking experimental, model and field investigations within the framework of monocot and eudicot groups. controlled environment experiments have been designed within the f thin the framework of a new mechanistic model of stomatal control to develop an integrated pict lade. experiments will target key plant traits determining water uptake, transport and loss, an implications of these interactions for productivity and water-use in natural climate and soil r productivity and water-use in natural climate and soil conditions, using a sub-sample of the |
6930 | 8 | production of varieties carrying durable resistance is
roduction of varieties carrying durable resistance is the main goal of resistance breeding. dur durable resistance is the main goal of resistance breeding. durable resistance can be controll in goal of resistance breeding. durable resistance can be controlled either by one gene or can or can be the result of several genes. resistance breeding in viticulture aims at producing cu ing cultivars resistant to powdery . pm resistance gene of kishmish vatkana was identified as r vatkana was identified as ren1. the pm resistance gene of dzsandzsal kara is still unkknown. o ana. second aim is the comparison of pm resistance genes of kishmis vatkana and dzsandzsal kara |
10693 | 6 | e ocean. this dust carries minerals and nutrients into the ocean and is thought to be particula
phytoplankton play a role in the global carbon cycle, which is of great importance for global w which is of great importance for global warming. it is important to know exactly how much dust articles, as this can have an impact on climate. samples of dust will also be collected on the f africa. this will serve as input to a model that simulates dust transport across the ocean an nformation will be very useful to those modelling the biology and chemistry of the ocean, and h |
10689 | 2 | l then be used to test hypotheses about community assembly, how inimical habitats and mountains
ins gain their endemic faunas, rates of evolution and speciation in different geographical situ |
7714 | 7 | this project is part of a development issue of organic farming. this comparison s
pected results contribute to: - improve productivity by ab by a better knowledge of production uctivity by ab by a better knowledge of production intensification processes that allow less de ab by a better knowledge of production intensification processes that allow less dependence on external inputs and better use of light energy. - ensure the quality of products ab by exploiti tensifying practices ab. - ensuring the ecological services of ab by determining how these serv services are changed in the process of intensification also means rethinking and scales of the |
9880 | 9 | plicity of other health problems. while environmental change affects the distribution and trans
while environmental change affects the distribution and transmission of such zoonotic diseases where and for whom downward spirals of environmental change, zoonotic disease and poverty emer tic disease and poverty emerge, and the thresholds and tipping points at stake. this partnershi at stake. this partnership and project development grant will build an african-european dynami heir interrelationships with a range of ecosystem services and dimensions of poverty and wellbe alth sciences. through a combination of mapping and detailed field studies, we will build a mul new methodologies for systems analysis, mapping, and participatory eco-epidemiology, and develo policy approaches to mitigate negative environment-disease dynamics and help build resilience |
7133 | 2 | resulting colloid. the consequences of global change - changes caused by both human activities
ll be studied by combining genetics and population dynamics approaches to approaches ecophysiol |
7396 | 1 | er"montpellier rio imaging"proposes the development of imaging techniques in real time and in t
|
14122 | 7 | ized by the complex topography and soil distribution. although good spatial-correlations betwee
hough good spatial-correlations between vegetation and soil have been found, the extent of soil extent of soil’s role on the long-term vegetation dynamics is little known. we will develop an s little known. we will develop and use modeling approaches to estimate the holocene vegetation ing approaches to estimate the holocene vegetation change at a local scale . at the same time, e holocene vegetation change at a local scale . at the same time, the fundamental knowledge on p between long-term spatial dynamics of vegetation and soil, even though widely assumed but lit |
7463 | 3 | regional predictions of the impacts of global change, acid deposition, and land use on terrest
deposition, and land use on terrestrial ecosystems, and the resultant effects upon aquatic ecos and the resultant effects upon aquatic ecosystems. dynamo will place the site-specific results |
14371 | 15 | s however crucial for the monitoring of environment-related processes. innovative methods are t
e the opportunity of dynamic predictive mapping. multi-sensor data fusion and downscaling techn ling techniques combined to statistical modelling could offer an alternative. this research has laria vector control in southeast asia: land cover descriptor and relative humidity proxies fus ive humidity proxies fusion and dynamic mapping 4. analyse the relation between land descriptor application context. this will include modelling vector occurrence using land cover and relati clude modelling vector occurrence using land cover and relative humidity descriptors and finall f restricted zone for dry season vector habitat methodology • develop a new bayesian data fusio ification of the hypothesis of receding habitat in the dry season for anopheles dirus s.l. and opheles dirus s.l. and association with land cover and relative humidity • validation of leaf w dation of leaf water content as a valid indicator for approximation of relative humidity relate f relative humidity related to mosquito habitat • pave the way towards a new family of products ation • to help in improving the use of remote sensing product in the field of epidemiology del cribe recommendations and basis for the development of a decision support tool • map predicting ision support tool • map predicting the habitat of the vector in the dry season if the hypothes |
15349 | 2 | ms underlaying the process of microbial evolution and adaptation to extreme environments. the p
been tested in microbial fuel cells for production of electricity. |
15319 | 3 | ical, phylogeographical, and ecological traits contribute to its singularity as an evolutionary
dynamics and persistence of small, low-density populations, and seek to derive implications fo nderstanding the dynamics of small, low-density populations, and to the applied conservation of |
14602 | 23 | have lead to a progressive loss of open habitat and an increase in forest-type vegetation. in t
habitat and an increase in forest-type vegetation. in this context, fire dynamics play a criti nd abandonment, regeneration of natural vegetation and fire. the general objective of the proje ogical processes that determine species distribution of open habitat, mainly early successional determine species distribution of open habitat, mainly early successional, species, in highly predict species dynamic ranges by using habitat suitability modelling explicitly incorporating mic ranges by using habitat suitability modelling explicitly incorporating the ecological mecha ogeographic approaches and cutting-edge spatial analysis methods, this project will develop a m this project will develop a multiscale modelling platform aimed to assess and predict patterns assess and predict patterns of species distribution changes in different scenarios. this will t scenarios. this will lead to a useful evaluation tool of potential impacts of global change o evaluation tool of potential impacts of global change on biodiversity patterns in dynamic lands d colonisation of new fragments of open habitat created by forest fire impact. 2- assessment of mpact. 2- assessment of the patterns in distribution change at large spatial scales of open hab change at large spatial scales of open habitat birds in relation with changes in the availabil ion with changes in the availability of habitat. 3- identification of landscape elements that a ents that allow the persistence of open habitat species in colonised habitat fragments. 4- deve ce of open habitat species in colonised habitat fragments. 4- development of a spatial modellin cies in colonised habitat fragments. 4- development of a spatial modelling platform aimed at pr fragments. 4- development of a spatial modelling platform aimed at predicting open habitat spe lling platform aimed at predicting open habitat species distribution dynamics in different scen imed at predicting open habitat species distribution dynamics in different scenarios of landsca tion dynamics in different scenarios of landscape change and fire regime. |
13880 | 2 | e substantially to the understanding of population dynamics and conservation of island-nesting
t may help sustain biodiversity of this habitat, and contribute to a sustainable use of coastal |
7147 | 3 | last millennia. geochemical analyzes of oxygen isotope compositions in the teeth of phosphates
bility , genetic variability, taxonomic richness and climate tic variability, taxonomic richness and climate |
7553 | 2 | ubject of intensive cultivation for the production of palm hearts. . analysis of genetic divers
tural practices and their impact on the evolution of diversity will also be studied. this resea |
14199 | 11 | ndscapes and in estonia the ministry of environment plans several activities to facilitate rest
s. we aim to study calcareous grassland vegetation dynamics under changing land use, and addres of diaspore and symbiont limitation on community change. we shall study plant community compos community change. we shall study plant community composition, seed bank and arbuscular mycorrh ve as references. we shall also address community dynamics under restoration management. in par assland plant species. because land use intensification reduce the number and diversity of am f the number and diversity of am fungi in ecosystems, and overgrowth of grasslands by scotch pine change the dominating symbiotic fungal community from am to ectomycorrhizal, the lack of propa ly managed semi-natural grassland plant community composition and diversity under intensifying ly managed semi-natural grassland plant community composition and diversity under intensifying lts will shed light on processes behind vegetation changes, as well as advice managers of grass |
10125 | 11 | s studies difficult to interpret. large-scale studies of extinction that also incorporate data
holocene, a period of relative climatic stability but rapid human expansion, are documented by atterns of prehistoric human population density, resource use and environmental impacts, and al patterns of large mammal occurrence and distribution, are available across the region. however, pecific case studies with minimal wider-scale ecological analysis. this study system therefore nto fundamental processes driving large-scale range contractions and fragmentations, regional e ven by anthropogenic impacts and future climate change. the proposed project will combine data he holocene of europe. this will permit gis-based analysis of range declines across a range of ayed by species with differing ecology, life history and trophic status, and will address wheth asis for investigating whether critical thresholds of human impact, e.g. human population densi of human impact, e.g. human population density, can be identified. these related studies will |
426 | 8 | vegetation is of a double interest in the study of the
interest in the study of the impacts of global change on ecosystems: on the one hand, it is a v tudy of the impacts of global change on ecosystems: on the one hand, it is a very important com n the other hand it is an effective bio-indicator of these changes. in this research program, w m, we propose to work on the impacts of climate change on the dynamics of vegetation in the for ts of climate change on the dynamics of vegetation in the forests of french mountain areas. bec reas. because of the strong altitudinal temperature gradient, the mountain is a privileged area comes to detecting the first effects of warming taking place. forests present the advantage of |
12353 | 3 | objectives sediment process monitoring work carried out on round 1
ill be drawn together and reviewed. the review will assess the requirements, methods, data, res oposed project addresses the results of sediment process monitoring only. |
434 | 7 | climate is a strong selective force in natural populati
ght need to adjust to a rapid change in climate. in this project our aim was to estimate if hyb id zones nationwide. we showed that the distribution of the two species and their hybrids are c h ecological variables, suggesting that climate is an important factor that restricts hybridiza g times, we assessed the role of floral phenology in restricting gene flow at a local scale. we ogy in restricting gene flow at a local scale. we detected isolation by time patterns. reproduc s probably favoured by the intermediate climate conditions in the loire region, which could be |
7261 | 1 | he will understand the dynamics and the colonization process in the mediterranean this invasive
|
14691 | 4 | ent conditions as well as the predicted global change. this study will have six objectives: 1 t
udy demographical processes determining recruitment and maintenance of populations of main wood erimental study of the responses in the community of trees and shrubs to changes in rainfall pr limatic change models. 6 lastly, to use modelling techniques to analyse the forest dynamics and |
14690 | 3 | ent conditions as well as the predicted global change. this study will focus on the knowledge o
rmining differences in woody species in growth and survival. we will investigate the spatial an the demographical processes determining recruitment and maintenance of populations of main wood |
14689 | 3 | ent conditions as well as the predicted global change. this study will have five objetives: 1 t
udy demographical processes determining recruitment and maintenance of populations of main wood s responsible of them. 5 lastly, to use modelling techniques to analyse the forest dynamics and |
10686 | 2 | y, we will compare patterns of seedling mortality and growth in logged and unlogged plots. if t
pare patterns of seedling mortality and growth in logged and unlogged plots. if they differ, th |
15532 | 9 | climate and land use changes are recognized as the majo
are recognized as the major drivers of global change affecting woody vegetation cover in dryla rivers of global change affecting woody vegetation cover in drylands. both shrub encroachment a esertification. but the causes of woody vegetation dynamics and their consequences are still de ification. over the last decades, woody vegetation cover has increased in this area following s s, and their impact on the provision of ecosystem goods and services are scarcely known. for ex that both forces contribute to build up ecosystem services theory in drylands. finally, uncroac ide relevant information to improve the efficiency of management practices, understand the func edictive tools to foresee the impact of climate and land use changes in this area. |
15150 | 5 | gation of the patterns and processes of vegetation changes in northeastern iberia during the up
date the role and interactions of fire, climate and human activities in the evolution of plant re, climate and human activities in the evolution of plant formations from mediterranean iberia emphasis in the mechanisms controlling vegetation change, including those arising from the int the internal dynamics of mediterranean ecosystems along several of the phases of climatic chan |
2081 | 2 | climate change will be used as input data for the model
one damage on crops. the resulting crop production functions are used in the economic models to |
14319 | 23 | . they typically have a relatively high productivity compared to large temperate lakes and have
wever, human-induced changes, including climate change, can have significant effects on primary can have significant effects on primary production of these lakes, as shown for lake tanganyika anyika. it is likely that these primary production decreases have affected upper trophic levels le to predict the extent of the primary productivity changes and how they affect whole ecosyste ivity changes and how they affect whole ecosystem production, an improved understanding of ecos ges and how they affect whole ecosystem production, an improved understanding of ecosystem func roduction, an improved understanding of ecosystem function and food web processes is required. understanding of ecosystem function and food web processes is required. for instance, food web eb processes is required. for instance, food web efficiency may greatly depend on the amount of ses is required. for instance, food web efficiency may greatly depend on the amount of organic greatly depend on the amount of organic carbon transiting through the microbial food web, known carbon transiting through the microbial food web, known to be important in these lakes. lake ki alien species introduction and possibly climate change, which have affected the lakes biodivers h have affected the lakes biodiversity, productivity and ecosystem resources. future industrial he lakes biodiversity, productivity and ecosystem resources. future industrial methane harvesti ecosystem resources. future industrial methane harvesting additionnaly threatens sustainable d ting additionnaly threatens sustainable development of ecosystem resources. lake kivu may provi ly threatens sustainable development of ecosystem resources. lake kivu may provide an adequate rces. lake kivu may provide an adequate model for studying responses of large tropical lake to years. in addition, the simple pelagic food web of the lake facilitates our understanding of e e lake facilitates our understanding of ecosystem functioning and of human-induced alterations. d by studies of an array of proxies, by development of new proxies and by inference from presen |
11685 | 1 | l be a spaceborne multi-spectral canopy lidar micro-satellite platform using off-the-shelf comp
|
11700 | 1 | l be a spaceborne multi-spectral canopy lidar micro-satellite platform using off-the-shelf comp
|
9894 | 1 | ll be a spaceborne multispectral canopy lidar micro-satellite platform using off-the-shelf comp
|
11336 | 8 | d not widely accepted by the scientific community. we have discovered a number of sites with hu
s in detail, particularly their dating, distribution in the area, and the geological conditions he area, and the geological conditions, climate and the ecology of the area when they were made n the former lake basin. the geological environment at the time of formation was that of a volc lake level fluctuated occasionally. the climate and ecology of the lake basin will be worked ou t from a study of the animal bones, the oxygen isotopes, diatoms and pollen from the associated urther to obtain pristine prints. their distribution and morphology will be mapped using sophis standing of the global pattern of human migration, being the last part in the dispersal of mode |
7028 | 7 | diversity and functioning of grassland ecosystems is a major goal of contemporary ecological r
rbuscular-mycorhizal fungi affect plant community diversity and structure by creating soil micr by creating soil microsites enriched in nutrients and/or amf. the laboratory experiment indirec lity and its consequences for earthworm herbivory. the objective of the field experiment is to investigate whether different earthworm community densities can influence amf distribution and m community densities can influence amf distribution and symbiosis and consequently affect gras ties can influence amf distribution and symbiosis and consequently affect grassland diversity a |
10660 | 4 | leading institutions with experience in climate, limnology, economics and decision support in t
ongly benefit from the past and present participation of project researchers nationally and int ults produced, ensure the collaborative development of these instruments with stakeholders, and d indicate the requirements for further development. |
9886 | 4 | leading institutions with experience in climate, limnology, economics and decision support in t
ongly benefit from the past and present participation of project researchers nationally and int ults produced, ensure the collaborative development of these instruments with stakeholders, and d indicate the requirements for further development. |
11723 | 9 | artisinally important species of fish. stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon deposited in otoli
ant species of fish. stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon deposited in otolith cores and periph of fish. stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon deposited in otolith cores and peripheries will pheries will be used as natural tags of migration in possibly migratory fish. the proposed fiel zi bay in kenya, has steep gradients of temperature, salinity and delta 13c between mangrove, s ya, has steep gradients of temperature, salinity and delta 13c between mangrove, seagrass and c s. these three variables will influence oxygen isotope ratios in fish moving between habitats. help control for confounding effects of metabolism on carbon isotope balances. or confounding effects of metabolism on carbon isotope balances. |
13387 | 1 | equent species in the natural grassland vegetation, e.g. festuca, agropyron, poa, bromus, dacty
|
13339 | 4 | d eo. there are three requirements: the production of protocols to enable extant data to be pla
can generate appropriate strategies for mitigation. the present consortium has a major advantag as long term data sets for biodiversity indicators eg butterflies and birds but the ambition is can be linked to specific biodiversity indicators. these will be identified using a conceptual |
15584 | 4 | global change pressures on ecological systems are compl
ntal scales. species-level responses to global change will underpin changes in the functionalit nderpin changes in the functionality of ecosystems that biodiversity-at-large and human societi on. fortunately, species’ responses to global change can be reliably modeled across large regi |
12029 | 8 | marine chemical ecology: biodiversity indicators and development. ecimar aimed at evaluating
al ecology: biodiversity indicators and development. ecimar aimed at evaluating the potential o network of excellence for the study and development of the marine chemical diversity. the objec t also to use the chemical diversity as indicators of environmental changes. therefore the resu logical and chemical diversity within a model community of the mediterranean sea; 2 to identify l and chemical diversity within a model community of the mediterranean sea; 2 to identify new s ites ; 5 to obtain first results on the ecological functions of the compounds ; and 6 to develo a global understanding of the secondary metabolism. the main targets of this project were the b |
15174 | 6 | tilayered biofilms that constitute real ecosystems due to the presence of representatives of th
and decomposers. they can be considered ecosystems because of the almost closed cycling of matt on allows to detect the presence in the environment of microorganisms whose culture in the labo or even has been impossible so far. the ecosystem is the context in which the genetic pools of e genetic pools of organisms evolve and function, and on which eventually depend the survival, and their response to the ever changing environment. |
15351 | 1 | , mainly in periurban environments. the development and urbanization of natural areas increase
|
2084 | 13 | the project addresses how arctic climate variability and change influence biomass produc
ariability and change influence biomass production and trophic transfer in barents sea ecosyste ion and trophic transfer in barents sea ecosystem. the population of copepods in the norwegian t importance to the barents sea biomass production. the first emphasis will be on analyses of a perties. the second emphasis will be on development of a model system that integrates and quant nd emphasis will be on development of a model system that integrates and quantifies the effects ntegrates and quantifies the effects of climate variability on biomass production and trophic t fects of climate variability on biomass production and trophic transfer from copepods to fish r trophic transfer from copepods to fish recruitment, including the modifying effect from sea bi ding the modifying effect from sea bird predation. the model results will be evaluated against ing effect from sea bird predation. the model results will be evaluated against time series on ill be evaluated against time series on abundance and distribution of 0-group fish. the project ed against time series on abundance and distribution of 0-group fish. the project is an interdi |
13317 | 15 | a range of advanced modelling approaches has been used so far to assess the
een used so far to assess the impact of global change on biodiversity and ecosystems. these ass ct of global change on biodiversity and ecosystems. these assessments include advanced socio-ec scenarios and yield projections of the distribution of species, communities and biomes and the ities and biomes and the functioning of ecosystems. future goods and services are then assessed 1. knowledge and data of past species' distribution is still limited, yet necessary for testin und estimates of species' long distance migration rates in order to assess whether species will es will be able to keep pace with rapid global change 3. some key assumptions of models, such a ey assumptions of models, such as niche stability over time and/or space, are not well tested 4 e reliable estimate of uncertainties in model predictions. our project specifically proposes to ep further by: 1. integrating different modelling approaches currently in use by using innovati ng innovative dna-based approaches, and global change scenarios 3. testing niche conservatism a testing niche conservatism and temporal evolution of biological communities 4. using the new da trategies by accounting the most likely global change effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. obal change effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. |
15568 | 3 | ce has emerged that dramatic changes in ecosystem processes and functioning are taking place ac
across europe under the joint impact of climate change and human-induced shift in land use. one 0s impacts on demographic parameters of predators that exploit cyclically fluctuating herbivore |
2018 | 12 | el the mechanisms of plant responses to habitat fragmentation and environmental change. plant b
responses to habitat fragmentation and environmental change. plant biodiversity losses are gen osses are generally explained by either habitat fragmentation or environmental change. however, ined by either habitat fragmentation or environmental change. however, both factors are intrica ironmental factors. evidence shows that habitat fragmentation results in smaller populations wi chanisms, which can be triggered by the environment and inherited across generations, contribut cessions can adapt to local atmospheric nitrogen deposition rates one of the most important dri typic adaptive responses to atmospheric nitrogen deposition and inbreeding depression in a full biosa columbaria, which is proven to be nitrogen sensitive and suffering from habitat fragmenta e nitrogen sensitive and suffering from habitat fragmentation, will be used as model species. i habitat fragmentation, will be used as model species. i will use state-of-the-art microarray-b ssion and plant responses to changes in nitrogen. i will further explore the potential mechanis |
15530 | 18 | increasingly threatened by land use and climate changes, and associated effects on disturbance
understanding the relationships between ecosystem structure and function, as well as the potent onships between ecosystem structure and function, as well as the potential for threshold dynami function, as well as the potential for threshold dynamics and sudden shifts, is of crucial imp t will use manipulative experiments and modelling work to investigate ecohydrological feedbacks ural and functional changes in semiarid ecosystems, and identify critical points of degradation will focus on key functions in semiarid ecosystems such as water and soil conservation, and pla water and soil conservation, and plant productivity. the specifc objectives of the project are the project are: determine dynamics and thresholds of ecosystem recovery and restoration as a f e: determine dynamics and thresholds of ecosystem recovery and restoration as a function of pla ne dynamics and thresholds of ecosystem recovery and restoration as a function of plant coloniz ecosystem recovery and restoration as a function of plant colonization pattern and diversity. t and restoration as a function of plant colonization pattern and diversity. the project will be between plant pattern and diversity and ecosystem functioning, that will also address fire resi unctioning, that will also address fire resistance and resilience functions and carbon sequestr resistance and resilience functions and carbon sequestration potential in dry-subhumid mediterr mediterranean drylands and increase the resistance and resilience of the target ecosystems agai resistance and resilience of the target ecosystems against disturbances. |
12040 | 1 | temperate to boreal coastal areas, kelp ecosystems have ecological, economic and patrimonial va
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519 | 12 | pecific role in this stake due to their function, but the regions are the more and more preoccu
idors will be done using new methods of remote sensing. the management of corridors in rural ar lation to the types of agriculture. the evaluation will be done using some biologic models from fied by the gap that exists between the development of territorial policies for protection of b ilize a whole of techniques in oriented remote sensing with the objective to define structures ndscaped objects from local to regional scale. propose concepts and methods for analyzing these we now know that for instance at local scale, a hedge, no matter which its qualities might be, its qualities might be, does not form a habitat and an efficient corridor unless the usage of a ation. test the continuities defined by modelling: at regional scale using the presence or abse ities defined by modelling: at regional scale using the presence or absence of the squirrel, sp ubservient in wooded areas and at local scale through analysis of the effect of the landscape c analysis of the effect of the landscape connectivity on the assembling of species, placing emph |
7182 | 2 | g into account both the role of genetic traits and breeding, hybridization to high frequency, t
biodiversity and functioning of coastal ecosystems invaded |
10152 | 7 | depend on their ability to shift their distribution to areas where conditions are suitable, wh
will also depend on the quality of the habitat available to dispersing individuals. individual als. individual dispersal behaviour and habitat availability can therefore help or hinder a spe p or hinder a species capacity to shift distribution in response to climate change. exploring t ty to shift distribution in response to climate change. exploring the relative importance of th ory birds requires a system in which 1. habitat quality has been identified, 2. changes in rang dentified, 2. changes in range size and distribution have been documented and 3. individual dis |
11496 | 7 | depend on their ability to shift their distribution to areas where conditions are suitable, wh
will also depend on the quality of the habitat available to dispersing individuals. individual als. individual dispersal behaviour and habitat availability can therefore help or hinder a spe p or hinder a species capacity to shift distribution in response to climate change. exploring t ty to shift distribution in response to climate change. exploring the relative importance of th ory birds requires a system in which 1. habitat quality has been identified, 2. changes in rang dentified, 2. changes in range size and distribution have been documented and 3. individual dis |
13466 | 8 | broad scale forest fires have determined the post-glacial dyn
res are part of low intensity and small scale prescribed burning programs. our knowledge of the . our knowledge of the effects of broad scale natural fires in modern times on soil and water c isms is thus limited. according to many climate models there will be an increased risk of futur e advantage of the rare events of broad scale fires in boreal forests to increase our understan entation of baseline conditions and the evaluation of short-term effects on the above factors a nderstanding of the importance of large scale forest fires for the functioning and the dynamics functioning and the dynamics of boreal ecosystems. |
7635 | 17 | the proposed project studies the development of new eco technology, based on the valuati
uation of biomass grown on contaminated mining sites, using it as natural catalysts of high val ansition metals. the objectives are the development of a real chemical industry valuation of co y phytoremediation processes. intensive mining and metallurgical industrial activities are caus al functions that largely determine the production of food in 2010 pir ecological engineering p n identified in children residents near mining sites gard. . phytoremediation is one of the few ng, to address the human impacts on the environment. it allows the rehabilitation des'écosystèm and the introduction of new sustainable ecosystems consisting of communities of plant species a s of plant species adapted to the metal stress. a major issue that remains unresolved is the fa area. ecochim engineering proposes the development of an innovative recycling technology and c ative recycling technology and chemical recovery plant species containing heavy metals. this fu of them are developed on an industrial scale for preparing important synthetic intermediates w nomic life. the conventional industrial production of these catalysts are expensive and subject ring program aims to develop laboratory scale and then at the pilot stage, sober chemical treat non-polluting and replicable on a large scale plants hyperaccumulating of zinc, nickel and copp his innovative technology, based on the development of an ecological system consisting of a uni ty, can contribute significantly to the development of techniques phytostabilisation. a multi- |
15205 | 1 | rted by the pollinators over the floral traits.
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14963 | 5 | in the energetic metabolism, due to thermodynamic constraints, there is
ts, there is always a trade-off between efficiency and rate. recently, we have put forward the implications in diverse fields such as metabolism, ecology and evolutionary biology. the work as methods derived from game theory and population dynamics. some of the predictions derived fr he predictions derived from the current model, will be tested using the experimental design des |
10471 | 15 | vironmental impact of human activities, climate change and its affect on the diversity, abundan
change and its affect on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of the worlds plants and an affect on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of the worlds plants and animals have beco nkton to investigate how changes in the environment have controlled how and where they lived, a s that are the base of the global ocean food web. their sensitivity to environmental change, e. al ocean food web. their sensitivity to environmental change, e.g., seawater temperature, avail to environmental change, e.g., seawater temperature, availability of nutrients, and salinity, m , seawater temperature, availability of nutrients, and salinity, means they directly control th erature, availability of nutrients, and salinity, means they directly control the success of hi are with records of plankton burial and environmental change. the research will be based at the ely investigating critical intervals of climate change, and will collaborate with the us funded us whether there was increased plankton production and whether this could be important in the d tance of calcareous nannplankton to our climate system, we need to know how they will respond. . thirdly, i want to know whether rapid climate change today or at the petm is important in con at the petm is important in controlling evolution. with very detailed records of nannofossil sp |
10049 | 20 | ecosystems face changing environments over a wide range
rs. moreover, the rate and magnitude of environmental change has been intensified by human acti on those systems, is to understand how ecosystems respond to environmental change. two types o to understand how ecosystems respond to environmental change. two types of response can be cons tails changes in species abundances and distribution, leading to a different community structur nd distribution, leading to a different community structure before and after the environmental ommunity structure before and after the environmental change. 2 evolutionary. this entails geno to the new conditions present after the environmental change. despite considerable work on both ally they have been treated separately. ecosystem studies have focused on ecological changes, w e, decrease or not affect the amount of evolution within species. our approach is to study evol ithin species. our approach is to study evolution in the laboratory, using species of bacteria the relationship between diversity and ecosystem function. by virtue of rapid generation times , they also evolve fast enough to study evolution in species mixtures. we will assemble random of up to 24 species and expose them to environmental change, in terms of a shift in ph and res onmental change, in terms of a shift in ph and resource type in turn. the evolutionary response among treatments that differ in species richness and composition. competition experiments betwe er in species richness and composition. competition experiments between isolates from the same ro, but no previous studies have looked evolution in more than a pair of interacting species. t cological and evolutionary processes in ecosystems facing environmental change. utionary processes in ecosystems facing environmental change. |
2502 | 8 | the rate and absolute magnitude of climate change in the last 150 years is expected to be
t in unusually rapid selection. coastal ecosystems in general, and intertidal systems in partic are likely to be profoundly affected by climate change because human impacts have already under ditional environmental stresses. global environmental change invokes two basic responses of org ing temperatures associated with global warming. the proposal will contribute toward a predicti sal will contribute toward a predictive model of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems contribute toward a predictive model of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems and appro l of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems and appropriate societal responses. |
14904 | 1 | screw trap and also by electrofishing. classification of the anadromous phase will be made att
|
10164 | 1 | niques for determining the presence and density of b. dendrobatidis infection will be developed
|
11247 | 1 | niques for determining the presence and density of b. dendrobatidis infection will be developed
|
9859 | 2 | irrels. if expansion rate is limited by competition from red squirrels, it will be essential to
he introduction of poxvirus into italy. model-based estimates of expansion patterns are an impo |
14546 | 7 | ive transport surfaces between adjacent ecosystems and some hypotheses with regard to this one
in the ecological maturity between the ecosystems are bigger. this maturity can be assessed fr rnover rate, species diversity, spatial complexity, nutrient recycling. as succession occurs, d tial complexity, nutrient recycling. as succession occurs, differences in maturity between the rences in maturity between the adjacent ecosystems become lower, and a decrease in the transpor a decrease in the transport between the ecosystems could be expected. on the contrary, if these be expected. on the contrary, if these ecosystems are differentially rejuvenated by means of d |
13480 | 8 | ity caused by human disturbances on the ecosystems of the world is a matter of growing concern.
. examples of such disturbances include climate change, overexploitation of natural resources, basis for the identification of fragile community structures and keystone species and to invest ierarchy and assembly algorithms. these model communities will then be subjected to small and l the effect of the perturbations on the trophic structure of the communities by developing and sitivity and elasticity analysis at the community level. we believe that the new approaches to to be used here hold great promise for community oriented conservation biology by identifying ervation biology by identifying fragile ecosystem structures and keystone species. |
12346 | 4 | f material at sea and in the intertidal environment. if the waste material from one site can be
ged material for coastal protection and habitat conservation and will enable the uk to support biodiversity issues and widen both the sediment type and the habitat management potential. the nd widen both the sediment type and the habitat management potential. the suite of models that |
11410 | 3 | ng the outcome of infection on the host community, and the resultant change in host community s
unity, and the resultant change in host community species biodiversity. secondary aims are to e genetic diversity in shaping grassland community structure. the work will provide valuable inf |
9964 | 3 | ng the outcome of infection on the host community, and the resultant change in host community s
unity, and the resultant change in host community species biodiversity. secondary aims are to e genetic diversity in shaping grassland community structure. the work will provide valuable inf |
10638 | 10 | by studying model systems we are gaining a better understanding of
tion. however, we know little about why evolution of new species takes place in some environmen ow how environments mediate the type of evolution that takes place, and address how future envi ulation size influences the strength of competition among offspring, and decides which individu ions are limited by space or food, then competition between members of the population will be s oung that are good competitors for that environment, leading to the evolution of locally specia rs for that environment, leading to the evolution of locally specialised fish. in such habitats in these habitats selection may favour evolution of high dispersal, to prevent females losing s have influenced patterns and rates of evolution. the work will study the only fish in the mal museum will provide a positive learning environment for the student. in addition to generic tra |
7688 | 7 | s, lawyers and partners involved in the development of green and blue. diva in corridor we part
ularly studied the impact of changes in scale for identification, operation and the establishme al landscapes relative to the amount of habitat biodiversity seminaturel. the model used here i f habitat biodiversity seminaturel. the model used here is the community of carabid beetles, wh seminaturel. the model used here is the community of carabid beetles, which is characterized by he flexibility in terms of agricultural production systems to set up or restore. . we propose t farming, whether and how the choice of production and livestock feeding strategies of organizi |
10722 | 8 | summary atmospheric deposition of nitrogen compounds has increased dramatically in europe
anges in species composition of various vegetation types, and the loss of many characteristic s ards, evidence was found that increased nitrogen deposition was associated with some of these c cognised that the increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition over the past 50 years is a major f eristic plant species from a variety of ecosystems. nitrogen deposition can act by increasing t t species from a variety of ecosystems. nitrogen deposition can act by increasing the acidity o also increases the amount of available nitrogen in the soil, a process which is often referred the decline of characteristic species. nitrogen to use this information to identify habitats, |
2117 | 2 | ge. however, increases in numbers sheep density levels may be quantified. the focus on assessme
nt related to different levels of sheep density on alpine ranges will be the main interdiscipli |
7603 | 5 | the ecological services provided by living soil are essenti
he Alpine Convention is a good state of ecological functions and services of the soil, for thei s an essential resource for sustainable development of human societies, it is urgent to review ent of human societies, it is urgent to review our capacity to act using the edaphic biodiversi ively control soil adaptability face of global change. it proposes to collect and disseminate s |
7632 | 18 | ces of adequate seeds face an uncertain climate in the coming decades. several studies have hel
ct to european regulations. now, if the climate changes, these crop areas may be limited. our g l calculate crop areas with and without climate change. within an interdisciplinary group of la r the regulation of changes produced by climate change on crop areas. the idea is to imagine in agement challenges in a changing world. habitat destruction, invasive species and climate chang bitat destruction, invasive species and climate change are the most important threats to the bi of the planet and the sustainability of ecosystem services. in particular, global warming is af osystem services. in particular, global warming is affecting forest ecosystems at multiple leve lar, global warming is affecting forest ecosystems at multiple levels: species distribution, fo ecosystems at multiple levels: species distribution, forest productivity, phenological changes le levels: species distribution, forest productivity, phenological changes, increase in disease and pests, etc.. with slow transitions climate, vegetation can follow these changes in climate s, etc.. with slow transitions climate, vegetation can follow these changes in climate. however vegetation can follow these changes in climate. however, with the speed of the current warming however, with the speed of the current warming and fragmentation of the landscape, plants can eir environmental aspirations face this climate change. it is essential to choose, design and i nt of collection areas, however, if the climate changes, the provenance areas will no longer be ese forests have many roles in terms of ecological services. this reflection opens the door to |
7636 | 3 | the study of urban ecosystems is a major environmental challenge. this is
irst ring around paris. yet these urban ecosystems, including their soils have jusquici been li e perspective of their own functioning, ecosystem services that they make and their suitability |
13721 | 3 | amselflies with studies of quantitative traits of ecological importance. we will relate molecul
divergence to divergence in phenotypic traits to get a better understanding of population dive nction. genetic variability in adaptive traits, the degree of local adaptation and sexual isola |
9841 | 1 | he field. moreover, it will examine the nature of compartmentalisation of the po cascade betwee
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15318 | 4 | ators alone, but also by the direct and indirect effects of herbivores, seed predators, mycorrh
nd indirect effects of herbivores, seed predators, mycorrhizal fungi and also, possibly, by the tion, visitation frequency and foraging behavior of animal pollinators, as well as aspects rela ance of pollen germination, pollen tube growth or ovule fertilization. we formulate the novel h |
15131 | 9 | from diverse plant tissues, especially nitrogen-fixing nodules. in the last four years our res
olated many micromonospora strains from nitrogen fixing nodules of different legume species; to possible that micromonospora also fixes nitrogen in symbiosis with its host. whether these stra t micromonospora also fixes nitrogen in symbiosis with its host. whether these strains contain e complete set of genes responsible for nitrogen fixation in legumes also remains to be studied ophytic bacteria, the genes involved in colonization and establishment of bacteria in planta ca trate the plant tissues; c to study the colonization process of the root nodules by micromonosp ermine if micromonospora is able to fix nitrogen in symbiosis with its host and e to sequence t cromonospora is able to fix nitrogen in symbiosis with its host and e to sequence the genome of |
9921 | 5 | tween larval chironomid communities and ecosystem structure: for example, assessing the specifi
ims to assess the relative influence of ecosystem variables, biotic as well as physicochemical, e interpretations relating to past lake ecosystem health. we will examine both modern and subfo lti-parameter dataset, and identify the ecosystem variables to which chironomid communities mos st strongly respond within shallow lake ecosystems. |
7700 | 5 | ts the level where objects are units of production, processing and use of organic materials, st
ce - risk and the definition of partial indicators for different objects and processes consider ts and processes considered. the use of modeling will place the results acquired in a conceptua ce - risk and the definition of partial indicators for different objects and processes consider ts and processes considered. the use of modeling allow dialogue and enrichment between the leve |
11071 | 5 | ent aims to highlight the importance of climate change in relation to the ecology and viability
evitably has, or will reflect on entire ecosystems and man-based reliance of economically impor wing issues: to what extent does global warming impact on the biology of particular species and n the biology of particular species and ecosystems how important are shifts in species distribu ems how important are shifts in species distribution ranges, and how can they affect particular |
15209 | 5 | es, evaluating the potential effects of climate, habitat, prey availability, inter-specific int
ating the potential effects of climate, habitat, prey availability, inter-specific interactions e effect of game management, especially predator control, on the composition of carnivore commu interactions between species, and 5. to model how environment factors, in a framework of climat ns between species, and 5. to model how environment factors, in a framework of climatic change, |
7695 | 2 | tegy of"green and blue"crossed with the distribution of elements of green networks. it will ide
the results: institutional approach to development projects, relationships between characteris |
2527 | 7 | the rate and absolute magnitude of climate change in the last 150 years is expected to be
t in unusually rapid selection. coastal ecosystems in general, and intertidal systems in partic are likely to be profoundly affected by climate change because human impacts have already under ditional environmental stresses. global environmental change invokes two basic responses of org sal will contribute toward a predictive model of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems contribute toward a predictive model of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems and appro l of climate induced changes in coastal ecosystems and appropriate societal responses. |
14891 | 7 | the direct and indirect effects of climate change are likely to affect
the direct and indirect effects of climate change are likely to affect the distribution of climate change are likely to affect the distribution of species and, thus, the composition, str mposition, structure and functioning of ecosystems. scots pine to assess the current state of s orests in eastern spain at the regional scale, quantify the recent changes in their distributio e, quantify the recent changes in their distribution taking into account the effect of wildfire fires, and develop a landscape dynamics model to predict future changes. |
7198 | 6 | stems alter the functioning of the agro-ecosystem and the ecological services: biomass producti
nctioning of the agro-ecosystem and the ecological services: biomass production, soil conservat em and the ecological services: biomass production, soil conservation and biodiversity, and car soil conservation and biodiversity, and carbon storage, without however, that the scope of thes sticide dependence. their adaptation to production systems also causes problems, particularly i ll strengthen the northern and southern community of researchers and practitioners working arou |
13929 | 3 | ystems it is difficult to conduct large-scale field experiments. we work with a system - willow
added to all stands. beetle population growth rate will be used as dependent variable. we also d to continue to follow and analyse the population dynamics of leaf beetles and their natural e |
14481 | 3 | ecosystem restoration is a thriving scientific and appl
ts of passive restoration or ecological succession. our research will include experimental and phenomenological approaches, as well as modelling, according to the various organization levels |
15294 | 14 | il biota is an essential pillar for the development of its functions but is very sensitive to c
uses and the presence of contaminants. mining activity is one of the major causes of disturban s and wastes have a major impact on the environment and they are a continuous source of risk fo ferred to as heavy metals, are found in nature as part of pedogenetic and biogeochemical proces a serious risk to human health and the environment, and the eu promotes the identification and h soil factors such as watering regime, ph, organic matter content, clay, etc.. which will infl il factors such as watering regime, ph, organic matter content, clay, etc.. which will influenc es their mobility and transfer to other ecosystems and their biosponibility for organisms asses prehensively evaluate its impact on the environment, and needs the support of biological techni and to assess their transfer along the food web. however, monitoring campaigns to determine th ies of molecular biology applied to the development of biosensors for determining the presence ence of metals in soil samples, and the development of sensors capable of detecting biomarker t the structure of the soil invertebrate community, assessing the effect of metals and to identi o assess metal transference in the soil food web 4- to design the methodology t |
15295 | 4 | nformation in contaminated soils due to mining activities and specifically the presence of meta
contracts with the former department of environment , arsenic and selenium in soils affected by senic and selenium in soils affected by mining activities 2. to evaluate the soil characteristi ty of metals in soils 3. to analyse the spatial variability in the heavy metal content in soils |
14230 | 4 | bject of several academic and political community debate. environmental security is, therefore,
the extent that needs for resources and environmental services can be met without damaging sust reducing and fragmenting the space for ecosystems and species. objectives of the project: 1 to status of baltic sea region concerning environment. 2 to specify key factors of environmental |
14204 | 12 | relative importance of small- and large-scale processes on the formation of marine communities
on structure and functioning of marine ecosystems. such analyses will provide us upscaling and ng rules of environmental processes and community patterns. the second aim of the project is to nges in means and variances of selected climate variables , their interactions and their conseq diversity, patterns and functioning of ecosystems. the third aim of the project is to unravel oject is to unravel the effect of large-scale environmental variability on regional pressures i esponses to these events on organismal, community and ecosystem level in order to predict the n ese events on organismal, community and ecosystem level in order to predict the nature, scope a ecosystem level in order to predict the nature, scope and likely timing of regime shifts. based the nature, scope and likely timing of regime shifts. based on our novel observations and expe edict changes in dynamics of baltic sea ecosystems under a range of scenarios of future environ ms under a range of scenarios of future environmental change. |
11050 | 1 | ly few examples have been documented in nature. early this year, savolainen and colleagues in c
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11841 | 1 | ly few examples have been documented in nature. early this year, savolainen and colleagues in c
|
15109 | 1 | he regression of progression of benthic vegetation. methodology: data will be obtained from nat
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15108 | 6 | ve of the european union . in addition, competition in the use of nutrients and light between m
in addition, competition in the use of nutrients and light between macrophytes and phytoplankt approaches will give the basis for the evaluation of ecological status and the prediction of t tion of the variations of the structure-function of aquatic ecosystems to climate change. ns of the structure-function of aquatic ecosystems to climate change. cture-function of aquatic ecosystems to climate change. |
14770 | 2 | plication of guadalmed protocol for the evaluation of mediterranean rivers ecological status, d
the reference sites, each type benthic community will be established. then, the three indices |
14807 | 6 | wetlands seem the only ecosystem type that has been left out of the field of a
ep the good ecological state of aquatic ecosystems. for this purpose, it uses biological indica s. for this purpose, it uses biological indicators which, together with geomorphological ones, r, there exists an important deficit of indicators that can be applied to wetlands, in general, ct, the main aim of which is to propose ecological indicators that allow to assess the ecologic elated matters. the validation of these indicators in wetlands from all around the iberian semi |
10062 | 25 | ase of species with the potential to be ecosystem dominants , such invasions are likely to lead
likely to lead to marked changes in the ecosystems of the invaded area. most landscapes support rea. most landscapes support a range of ecosystems occupying areas differing in environmental c esence of different substrates for soil development. such heterogeneity contributes to the abil t substrates for soil development. such heterogeneity contributes to the ability of a landscape in more heterogeneous landscapes. this heterogeneity also enables a wider range of species to geneous landscapes, or those where some habitat types have been lost, act as barriers to the mo re needed of how invasions by potential ecosystem dominants may affect ecosystem patterns and l otential ecosystem dominants may affect ecosystem patterns and landscape heterogeneity. such pr affect ecosystem patterns and landscape heterogeneity. such projections will inform the develop neity. such projections will inform the development of landscape management plans and biodivers nting the impacts of a past invasion on ecosystem patterns in three landscapes. we will apply t ing composition of individual stands of vegetation, as well as records of the shifting regional ell as records of the shifting regional vegetation composition. together, these data will allow these data will allow us to reconstruct ecosystem patterns on the landscapes through time. we w aded and how its invasion impacted upon ecosystem patterns and overall landscape heterogeneity. cosystem patterns and overall landscape heterogeneity. we will also use a state-of-the-art vege ty. we will also use a state-of-the-art vegetation model to simulate the pine invasion. this mo also use a state-of-the-art vegetation model to simulate the pine invasion. this model uses as del to simulate the pine invasion. this model uses as inputs, amongst other things, simulations e. we will compare simulated changes in ecosystem character and patterns on the landscapes asso ta. this will enable us to evaluate the model s ability reliably to simulate the consequences o or such applications, we will apply the model to simulate one such potential future invasion of to various stakeholders, informing the development of landscape management and biodiversity co keholders, as well as to the scientific community and to the wider public. |
7708 | 6 | and aquaculture experiencing sustained development point to reach in volume intended for human
shing productions. however, aquaculture development faces many problems environmental, social e part of a general problem of ecological intensification and better territorial integration by t l integration by taking into account an ecosystem approach. the project addresses issues in the ct addresses issues in the logic of the millennium ecosystem assessment work results in the fie rogram systerra skills in pond systems, modeling and biodiversity |
7661 | 3 | ban pigeon is an integral part of urban ecosystems worldwide. despite its pervasiveness in urba
ral and basic principles in ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions in the particul parasite interactions in the particular environment quest town. axis 1: epidemiology of disease |
15378 | 4 | among species to understand ecology and evolution. recent studies have shown universal patterns
odels of prokaryote-host animal network evolution in order to test coevolutionary and ecologica analysis of new data, and mathematical modelling. this project will be a ground breaking advan in bridging the gap between ecology and evolution in multispecies networks with detailed inform |
7203 | 15 | because of its negative impacts on the environment and on human health. moreover, the frequent
farmers and it frequently leads to the development of resistance in pest populations. for thes frequently leads to the development of resistance in pest populations. for these reasons, a si also appropriate to extend the study of scale in temporal and spatial dimensions to be interest ats that they all attend. european agro-ecosystems consist of a shifting mosaic of potential ha nsist of a shifting mosaic of potential habitat for herbivorous insects and organisms associate ted with them. these characteristics of heterogeneity and instability require, first, strong an nd and, secondly, largely determine the population dynamics through recurrent episodes of dispe rough recurrent episodes of dispersal / colonization. we will try to answer the question of the izations. in response to spatiotemporal habitat heterogeneity and divergent selection pressures adaptation an acquisition of a general nature genotype. the degree of specialization is a prim s the possibilities of exchange between ecosystem compartments. adapting to their host plant- p theoretical perspective by studying the behavior of démogénétiques models with a spatial repres spatial representation of the balance - migration selection to identify the conditions for loca on of plants and offer the agricultural environment management modalities for limiting pest pre |
214 | 2 | rsity of plants and animals in tropical ecosystems has stunned many researchers since the 19th
nodominance. the sequence and frequency/abundance data will be shortly publicly released to fac |
14163 | 24 | climate change is able to initate modifications in mari
able to initate modifications in marine ecosystems, the most radical ones are so called regime ms, the most radical ones are so called regime shifts. these abrupt reorganizations of ecosyste shifts. these abrupt reorganizations of ecosystem structure may alter biodiversity and carrying em structure may alter biodiversity and carrying capacity, together with a changed balance in e ity, together with a changed balance in energy transfer through the pelagic and benthic systems gic and benthic systems. in addition to climate, a variety of human activities may either modif human activities may either modify the climate-induced shifts or independently cause new ones. ndently cause new ones. amongst others, ecosystem regime shifts may also cause changes in recru use new ones. amongst others, ecosystem regime shifts may also cause changes in recruitment suc regime shifts may also cause changes in recruitment success of fish, presumably through either cess of fish, presumably through either production or survival of early life stages or changes g the larval stage is the most critical life history stage where failure to find suitable food class strength. besides the larval fish environment, individual condition of mature fish is as on of mature fish is as well important. recovery of depressed fish stocks is of major global co population-level performance of various life history stages of marine fish in the gulf of riga e fish in the gulf of riga at different ecosystem regimes. this goal will be achieved by invest l will be achieved by investigating the abundance dynamics of the dominating ichthyoplankton ta oplankton taxa in relation to the large-scale and local abiotic parameters and prey; by resolvi le food by larval fish; by studying the density and spatial distribution of autumn-spawning her sh; by studying the density and spatial distribution of autumn-spawning herring larvae at high spawning herring larvae at high and low abundance population levels; and by performing comparat nd spring spawning herring at different ecosystem regimes. the project will provide more than h erspective of the dynamics of essential ecosystem components, facilitate to define marine manag |
15062 | 2 | imitation mechanisms, 2 functions and 3 evolution. in the first case, we will focus on the lear
represented by either true imitation of model species or homospecific mimics , close to the lea |
1950 | 2 | and occurrence of fungal senescence in nature is unclear. we propose to study fitness conseque
al bi9ology, both experimentally and by modelling. the results should contribute to a better un |
15311 | 2 | many functionally equivalent species in ecosystems, if apparently the latter could work as well
in the core of our understanding of the evolution of biodiversity. a clear example of this para |
6739 | 13 | large-scale distribution of species is determined by a multit
large-scale distribution of species is determined by a multitude of multitude of factors, such as geology, climate, history, and, more recently, human imp act. im ly introduced species, after successful colonization may be come invasive, and cause serious ec from nurseries and greenhouses. global climate change can also facilitate dispersal and probab hanges are fast on an evolutionary time scale; therefore only species capable of quickly adapti da, collembola, each being important in decomposition processes. we will look at ecological tol e will look at ecological tolerance and life history strategies in model populations of widely olerance and life history strategies in model populations of widely and narrowly distributed sp ations and experiments on developmental stability and stress tolerance, utilizing methodology o eriments on developmental stability and stress tolerance, utilizing methodology of fluctuating sticity. such plasticity, especially in life history parameters, is of high adaptive value ther herefore it might facilitate successful colonization. |
14124 | 5 | in the latest years the maintenance of ecosystems that have been shaped by long-term and persi
ince information on various distinctive traits, requirements and dynamics of rare species is es germination, establishment and further growth of selected endangered species will be studied i regime and can play a major role in the recruitment of endangered species. the results of our r regimes for successful regeneration and growth. |
15033 | 2 | us and may cause major problems for the environment and regional ecomomies in the future. as su
ting this with exotic ostracods area of distribution. with this research we expect to provide a |
10214 | 3 | standing of the interaction between the environment and learning processes that occur early in
life histories of coral reef fishes, we model the dispersal and subsequent recruitment of larva , we model the dispersal and subsequent recruitment of larvae with little success. as a result, |
10949 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
11056 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
11425 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
11432 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
9893 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
9900 | 8 | s fracture zone provide for contrasting production regimes with cold, fresh and well stratified
t to allow accurate estimates of export production to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote n to the benthos of the mar. the use of remote sensing technologies, coupled with shipboard bio rements, will allow patterns of primary production over the mar to be studied at higher spatial rating satellite estimations of primary production with shipboard measurements estimates of exp ompared with data from an array of four sediment trap moorings. the supply of food to the deep- ng rate processes such as reproduction, metabolism and activity. by measuring the composition a ving forces behind observed patterns of abundance, biomass and diversity in the fauna of the ma |
12039 | 4 | ty of soil microbial communities on the scale of france soil is subjected to numerous environme
ronmental perturbations and perfect the development of bio-indicators of the biological state a ions and perfect the development of bio-indicators of the biological state and evolution of the -indicators of the biological state and evolution of the soils. |
14300 | 1 | ean commission, directorate general for environment
|
2037 | 3 | and increase of biodiversity in marine ecosystems over relatively short periods of time is to
attention will be devoted to integrated modelling and interaction between ecology and economics e values, human health implications and ecosystem impacts. some of the ideas will be applied in |
12400 | 1 | a detailed specificatoin for a regional scale economic and social analysis, based on the prefer
|
2103 | 2 | uire fisheries policy to be based on an ecosystem approach. the overall objective of this proje
chieve a better understanding of marine ecosystem management with a combination of ecological c |
2203 | 4 | omist is not satisfied with identifying incentives correcting market failures, but aims at find
ject: 1. assessing risks and impacts on ecosystem functioning from invading species. ideally, t possible means of mitigating risks and ecosystem impacts and calculating their costs. an examp elfare from the product. 3. compare the efficiency performance of different incentive mechanism |
12513 | 5 | land use on 3500 holdings, with 10-20% growth expected in 2006. the market has also grown rapi
in england and wales. due to the small scale of the organic sector, organic farms are not suff rmance of individual crop and livestock production activities, have been published on the organ the third objective covers the extent, nature and returns to labour use on organic farms. this , and through improved data on costs of production for use in price setting. |
9923 | 3 | ularly mixotrophic dinoflagellates. the growth kinetics of synechococcus isolates, and those of
ynechococcus isolates, and those of the predators, will be determined over a range of abiotic c ot, normally favour autotrophy in these predators. |
14970 | 2 | l objective of ecoclim is to unveil the growth limitations experienced by extreme populations o
capacity of these species to cope with climate change. this main objective will be reached by |
14433 | 13 | plant growth and productivity are negatively affected by wate
plant growth and productivity are negatively affected by water stress an tivity are negatively affected by water stress and other unfavorable environmental factors. the these plants provide a very attractive model for studying the protective mechanisms of desicca effect of light during desiccation and recovery of haberlea growing at low or high irradiance ng at low or high irradiance in natural habitat. the effect of stress treatments will be evalua iance in natural habitat. the effect of stress treatments will be evaluated by measuring the le be evaluated by measuring the level of stress markers, such as proline, malondialdehyde, h2o2, rolyte leakage. тhe extent of oxidative stress in plants subjected to desiccation under high te nts subjected to desiccation under high temperature or irradiance as well as during recovery af erature or irradiance as well as during recovery after rehydration will be assessed by measurin some antioxidant enzymes. the effect of stress treatments on leaf anatomy and chloroplast ultra d this knowledge may be applied for the development of drought-tolerant agricultural species. |
13870 | 5 | rent environmental issues in the baltic environment are the increasing occurrence of toxic alga
asing level of uvb radiation. light and nutrients are key factors for photosynthetic primary pr e individual cell and the phytoplankton community. the ultraviolet part of the solar spectrum i al question to be answered is will uvbr function as a selective pressure thereby altering the m factors controlling the occurrence and distribution of toxic microalgae, a knowledge crucial f |
2208 | 6 | heries including the effects on overall ecosystems performance, and study the performance of an
mance of an adaptive management of lake ecosystems carried out in close collaboration with mana e of the local fishery. o a size –based modeling to investigate the outcome of different harves the local fish management areas on fish community and overall ecosystem dynamics. • investigate ent areas on fish community and overall ecosystem dynamics. • investigate the effects of differ ffects of different fish harvestings on ecosystem dynamics. focus will be on the analysis of re |
12439 | 1 | a management system for implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries to fishing in the south
|
2514 | 24 | fisheries management under present day climate and future climate scenarios. the ne atlantic h
nt under present day climate and future climate scenarios. the ne atlantic harbours some of the cks interact direct or indirect through competition and through predator-prey relationships. an ndirect through competition and through predator-prey relationships. another role is the impact e impact planktivorous fish have on the ecosystem through depletion of plankton. climate affect cosystem through depletion of plankton. climate affects recruitment in the stocks and warm peri depletion of plankton. climate affects recruitment in the stocks and warm periods are in gener periods are in general linked with high recruitment. we anticipate major changes in our norther nticipate major changes in our northern ecosystems in the coming years, in particular with rega ll also affect the trophic flows in the ecosystems and establish new predator-prey relations an ows in the ecosystems and establish new predator-prey relations and modify existing ones. in or at can integrate the biogeoraphy of the ecosystems with the trophodynamics. when moving outside al models parameterised for the present climate variability are unsuitable for providing predic elop further an existing 3d biophysical model to include the fish stocks listed in addition to tion to the phyto and zooplankton. this model will integrate spatial dynamics of the fish stock e cycle and their interactions with the environment including each other. to perform operationa her. to perform operationally realistic ecosystem based assessment modelling, a simpler model t ly realistic ecosystem based assessment modelling, a simpler model that can perform multiple si m based assessment modelling, a simpler model that can perform multiple simulations in order to n existing operational imr multispecies model for the barents sea. this model will be parameter species model for the barents sea. this model will be parameterised using the biophysical model be parameterised using the biophysical model both for present day climate and for a future cli biophysical model both for present day climate and for a future climate change scenario. eco-h or present day climate and for a future climate change scenario. eco-harvest control rules for |
6729 | 6 | swer to the question as to what kind of ecosystem-changes conditioned the changes of the verteb
pathian basin. the plans include the re-evaluation of some previously examined faunas as well a ation to paleo-ecology, to examine with oxygen-isotope the dental enamel of herbivores in order r to clarify the connection between the habitat and the way of displacement, as well as to make ex faunas with the structure of present ecosystems. the new methods to be applied will hopefull ke it possible to reconstruct some land-ecosystems of the past 15 million years, as well as to |
14988 | 3 | problems fishes are vectors of organic carbon transport between algal assemblages and seagrass
ve-mentioned hypothesis on the seagrass ecosystem functionality. ideally, and apart from contri tegrative understanding of the littoral environment, ideally helping to a better management. |
14989 | 3 | problems fishes are vectors of organic carbon transport between algal assemblages and seagrass
ve-mentioned hypothesis on the seagrass ecosystem functionality. ideally, and apart from contri tegrative understanding of the littoral environment, ideally helping to a better management. |
2073 | 10 | aphic variation in reindeer numbers and production in finnmark. these geographic differences ha
to internationally recognized goals for ecosystem sustainability, one needs to understand the p oject will conduct studies that analyze spatial variability in environmental and socio-cultural fting pattern and intensity of reindeer herbivory in conjunction with climatic variability and bring about long lasting transitions in vegetation structure and quality which may feed back on and quality which may feed back on the productivity within reindeer herds. productivity will b the productivity within reindeer herds. productivity will be studied with respect to the influe th respect to the influence of reindeer density, habitat/resource use and climatic variation. t t to the influence of reindeer density, habitat/resource use and climatic variation. the social rs. reindeer numbers/husbandry practice/production as well as the general spatial research desi |
2086 | 10 | aphic variation in reindeer numbers and production in finnmark. these geographic differences ha
to internationally recognised goals for ecosystem sustainability, one needs to understand the p oject will conduct studies that analyze spatial variability in environmental and socio-cultural fting pattern and intensity of reindeer herbivory in conjunction with climatic variability and bring about long lasting transitions in vegetation structure and quality which may feed back on and quality which may feed back on the productivity within reindeer herds. productivity will b the productivity within reindeer herds. productivity will be studied with respect to the influe th respect to the influence of reindeer density, habitat/resource use and climatic variation. t t to the influence of reindeer density, habitat/resource use and climatic variation. the social rs. reindeer numbers/husbandry practice/production as well as the general spatial research desi |
10720 | 6 | graded with only 0-40 % of the original vegetation cover left. grassland degradation has import
e rural poor in china live in grassland ecosystems and any further degradation of this fragile degradation of this fragile ecological environment, with an associated loss of ecosystem servi environment, with an associated loss of ecosystem services, will accelerate their poverty. the of the proposed partnership and project development strengthening decision-making options and t rnments. the ppd grant will allow us to review relevant policies and regulations on grassland m |
15482 | 10 | structural and functional aspect of the ecosystem, as they develops due to the interactions bet
the interactions between the structural ecosystem components, which evolve and develop through time feedback the emergent trajectory. vegetation spatial patterns are accumulating a high int patial self-organization of species and ecosystems. the outcome of these interactions is the re mation, particularly in arid and alpine ecosystems. employing together information about specie ormation about species associations and community organization we are able to identify the keys to identify the keystone species in the ecosystem and develop more accurate restoration and con nce of plant-plant interaction and soil nutrients and runoff connectivity over a climatic gradi teraction and soil nutrients and runoff connectivity over a climatic gradient under two differe ic gradient under two different extreme ecosystems . |
10106 | 8 | sised that the nutrient limiting forest productivity shifts from n, to n+p, to p during long-te
m n, to n+p, to p during long-term soil development. despite the important implications of this ant implications of this hypothesis for ecosystem functioning and dynamics, it has received lit ntion. therefore, i established a large-scale fertilizer experiment in 2001 to test which facto ent in 2001 to test which factors limit productivity along a chronosequence in new zealand. six hich factors limit productivity along a chronosequence in new zealand. sixty plots were establi sure changes in above- and below-ground productivity, monitor changes in nutrient pools, and qu ntify the influences of waterlogging on growth. |
13754 | 8 | to analyse how ecological and political incentives interact in ecosystem restoration design. we
al and political incentives interact in ecosystem restoration design. we will examine restorati we will examine restoration measures in ecosystems and link those to societal actors´ interests e projects and whether biodiversity and ecosystem services are favoured or disfavoured. neverth ubstantial funding is allocated towards ecosystem restoration projects based upon articulated a ulated aims of either restoring certain ecosystem services to more pristine levels, or developi ation. we will: propose ways to develop ecosystem restoration policies and management in a dire rative analysis and expected changes in climate and landuse. |
11402 | 30 | ng political and public concern for the environment, and resulting changes in legislation, euro
an agriculture is challenged to provide ecosystem services such as carbon storage and protectio d to provide ecosystem services such as carbon storage and protection of water quality, along w and maintenance of economically viable production. in europe, extensively managed or restored ypothesis that the delivery of multiple ecosystem services in semi-natural grasslands, and its coupling among plant and soil microbial functional diversity, and its impacts on carbon and nit unctional diversity, and its impacts on carbon and nitrogen turnover. vital aims to address thi iversity, and its impacts on carbon and nitrogen turnover. vital aims to address this hypothesi and its relevance to local and regional development by producing a conceptual model of relation l development by producing a conceptual model of relationships among plant and microbial functi relationships among plant and microbial functional diversity, and multiple ecosystem service de bial functional diversity, and multiple ecosystem service delivery. vital will focus on mountai igned to follow steps prescribed by the millennium ecosystem assessment for regional assessment egional assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services. wp1 will use stakeholder semi-direc interviews and meetings to identify key ecosystem services associated with the maintenance of f o be affected by management, as well as indicators they use for these services. wp2-4 will anal rends and condition of biodiversity and ecosystem services and their underlying mechanisms usin link them with easily measurable plant traits that respond to management and affect carbon and s that respond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multi ond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multispecies ass species assemblages by manipulating the dominance of plant species with different traits on soi minance of plant species with different traits on soils from differently managed grasslands. wp s. wp4 will test the robustness of this model across management intensity gradients at the thre wp5 will generate projections of future ecosystem service delivery according to alternative man al stakeholders a range of scenarios of global change, including extreme changes. their impacts uding extreme changes. their impacts on ecosystem services will be modelled using both a statis based on results from wp4, and dynamic ecosystem models. wp6 will use a series of three worksh ity and ecological processes underlying ecosystem services delivery, and of impacts of manageme ken in the future for sustainable rural development will be delivered to policy makers. outreac public will be strengthened through the development of a training toolkit. |
481 | 20 | ng political and public concern for the environment, and resulting changes in legislation , whi
d to follow the steps prescribed by the millennium ecosystem assessment for regional assessment egional assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services. wp1 will use stakeholder semi-direc site to identify with stakeholders key ecosystem services associated with the maintenance of f and linkages among services, as well as indicators they use for these services. wp2-4 will anal rends and condition of biodiversity and ecosystem services and their underlying mechanisms. thi link them with easily measurable plant traits that respond to management and affect carbon and s that respond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multi ond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multispecies ass species assemblages by manipulating the dominance of plant species with different traits on soi minance of plant species with different traits on soils from intensively / extensively managed nalyses of realised plant and microbial functional diversity, and of c- and n-cycling processes cycling processes, will provide a first model linking plant functional responses to management, management, their impacts on microbial functional diversity, and their coupled effects on mult , and their coupled effects on multiple ecosystem services. wp4 will test the robustness of thi s. wp4 will test the robustness of this model across management intensity gradients at the thre wp5 will generate projections of future ecosystem service delivery according to alternative man al stakeholders a range of scenarios of global change, including extreme changes. their impacts uding extreme changes. their impacts on ecosystem services will be modelled using both a statis based on results from wp4, and dynamic ecosystem models. nonlinear situations, with changes ac |
10486 | 3 | ely on the benefits provided to them by ecosystems, or ecosystem services level, gain input fro
fits provided to them by ecosystems, or ecosystem services level, gain input from ngos and usin erience and expertise into the research development from the outset is key and ensures that the |
10141 | 4 | e 12.28 million poor people live in the ecosystems under the impact of the three gorges dam wil
dam will be analyzed. the biodiversity, ecosystem resilience, and their associated ecosystem se system resilience, and their associated ecosystem services in response to high risk natural haz ted strategies for sustainably managing ecosystem for maximizing poverty reduction and increase |
11169 | 4 | e 12.28 million poor people live in the ecosystems under the impact of the three gorges dam wil
dam will be analyzed. the biodiversity, ecosystem resilience, and their associated ecosystem se system resilience, and their associated ecosystem services in response to high risk natural haz ted strategies for sustainably managing ecosystem for maximizing poverty reduction and increase |
13987 | 9 | agricultural production is expected to continue to expand globally,
spite substantial trade-offs with other ecosystem services. this has led to an increasing inter essments’ of connections among multiple ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. the core y makers. both landscapes contain large-scale commercial farming, small-scale farming, and a na n large-scale commercial farming, small-scale farming, and a national park/nature reserve. usin mall-scale farming, and a national park/nature reserve. using case studies from two widely diff he conceptual framework and methodology development. methods include expert interviews using pa analyses of ‘bundle indexes’, and cross-scale analyses using gis imagery. ndexes’, and cross-scale analyses using gis imagery. |
7675 | 12 | ecosystem services are underpinned by fundamental ecolo
services, and the use and management of ecosystems. our hypothesis is that ecosystem services c t of ecosystems. our hypothesis is that ecosystem services can thus be modelled as networks of sis by assessing alternative futures of ecosystem services under combined scenarios of land-use nder combined scenarios of land-use and climate change for the grenoble urban region in the fre ld and integrate models of the relevant ecosystem services and land-use change. our assessment of the relevant ecosystem services and land-use change. our assessment will benefit from our d nding of how biodiversity and different ecosystem services are interconnected. trade-offs and s south of the city. as beneficiaries of ecosystem services, local and regional stakeholders wil rities, and downscaling of land-use and climate change projections. we will engage stakeholders ade-offs in order to foster a dialog on development pathways and mitigation options. er a dialog on development pathways and mitigation options. |
12594 | 27 | w wide recognition of the importance to human well-being of services delivered by the peatland
g of services delivered by the peatland environment. despite this, there remains little ecologi ains little ecological understanding of ecosystem services, particularly in terms of how and wh and consumed at a regional or national scale. the new cross government natural environment psa scale. the new cross government natural environment psa28 target aims to secure a diverse, heal diverse, healthy and resilient natural environment, which provides the basis for everyones wel of the services provided by the natural environment are reflected in decision-making. therefore er project, which will inform the defra ecosystem approach framework in light of the millennium stem approach framework in light of the millennium ecosystem assessment. it is novel and vision rs for peatlands together for strategic mapping and spatial analysis of public benefits . the o ands together for strategic mapping and spatial analysis of public benefits . the overall aim o f this defra project is to identify the distribution and assess cost-benefit flows of different assess cost-benefit flows of different ecosystem services in upland and lowland peatlands. as ata and scientific evidence on peatland ecosystem service provision as well as the transferabil g detailed case studies. the concept of ecosystem services is interdisciplinary and critically rovision and quantification of peatland ecosystem services for each site. for each case study w case study we will identify and map key ecosystem services provided by peat. the project team h evaluate cost-benefit flows of peatland ecosystem services, we will determine suitable valuatio ion data required to undertake peatland ecosystem service valuation based on peatland maintenan de assements of cost-benefiot flows for ecosystem services from the case study sites and map op e capacity of each site to increase its ecosystem service provision and assess the case for res e provisions and compare differences in ecosystem service provision between sites. we will asse top 10 criteria for assessing peatland ecosystem service provision to facilitate monitoring of facilitate monitoring of the health of ecosystems. ultimately, the project identify informatio to scope and set-up a phase 2 peatland ecosystem service project in order to provide critical restoration in england and wales. it as ecosystem services are a matter of societal choice, we e knowledge exchange, opportunities for evaluation of project results and synthesis, and a join |
7629 | 5 | studying the functioning of urban ecosystems and ecosystem services that they provide is
the functioning of urban ecosystems and ecosystem services that they provide is a major environ duction of exotic floral species in the ecosystem service of pollination urban. the results obt , will propose measures to preserve the ecosystem service of pollination in urban and non-urban the biosphere is strongly linked to the growth of cities worldwide, almost 50 % of the human po |
15493 | 2 | y biodiversity affects the provision of ecosystem services under global change is now a priorit
e provision of ecosystem services under global change is now a priority in ecological research |
1092 | 6 | e relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in various habitats and at differ
of ecological organization: population, community and landscape. biodiversity will be defined a so to study the brackish bentho-pelagic food webs. the analysis of multispectral and multiscala te on classifying procedures for corine habitat mapping and productivity estimates which will b assifying procedures for corine habitat mapping and productivity estimates which will be valida ocedures for corine habitat mapping and productivity estimates which will be validated by geo-r |
15116 | 7 | ity of the territory using biodiversity indicators at landscape and ecosystem level, in order t
iodiversity indicators at landscape and ecosystem level, in order to obtain the possible relati l be very much applicable at eco-region scale. the project is framed within the conceptual and ternational scientific programme of the millennium ecosystem assessment, with the aim of genera imation of the services provided by the ecosystems, and the way these services are affected by avoid or minimize the human impacts on ecosystems. it is expected to provide planning and mana sions taken that affect the flow of the ecosystem services. |
15117 | 7 | ity of the territory using biodiversity indicators at landscape and ecosystem level, in order t
iodiversity indicators at landscape and ecosystem level, in order to obtain the possible relati l be very much applicable at eco-region scale. the project is framed within the conceptual and ternational scientific programme of the millennium ecosystem assessment, with the aim of genera imation of the services provided by the ecosystems, and the way these services are affected by avoid or minimize the human impacts on ecosystems. it is expected to provide planning and mana sions taken that affect the flow of the ecosystem services. |
7401 | 1 | m of genes of interest in poplar. after development of technology and the identification of pol
|
12147 | 1 | toxicological studies. the influence of leaf litter of the most widely spread tree in coastal r
|
7168 | 5 | mountains, lowland hardwood forests are ecosystems of great complexity, both spatially ectomyco
ardwood forests are ecosystems of great complexity, both spatially ectomycorrhizal fungi alien iogeochemical processes that ensure the stability of lowland deciduous forests. the results sho w that a representative ectomycorrhizal community of many deciduous forests of western and cent lly very diverse, which gives it a high resistance to disturbances such as the introduction of |
7565 | 1 | assumptions of the management of these ecosystems and the parameters that can have an importan
|
14946 | 3 | tionships between the substrate and the vegetation growing on it have been widely recognized fr
f these floras and vegetations- for the recovery of plants threatened populations and for the e order to promote sustainable use of the mining resources. these objectives will be met through |
13741 | 2 | uence can be predicted from contrast in vegetation structure and matrix characteristics . the a
tified in sample plots and transects. a model will be constructed for predicting edge effects o |
13318 | 3 | to fulfil the needs of biodiversity and ecosystem research for taxonomy based information. edit
nagement; about providing a suitable it environment; about the development of new tools; and ab ng a suitable it environment; about the development of new tools; and about getting taxonomists |
15269 | 3 | als of the project are to determine the nitrogen total inputs to evergreen holm oak forests in
y the effects of this deposition in the nitrogen biogeochemical cycle through this forest type. sition . to evaluate the effects of the nitrogen deposition, at both sites the n content in lea |
199 | 9 | eters of photosynthesis, transpiration, growth and changes in structural parameters of trees in
be grown at different air humidities in growth-chamber experiments. differences in structural a rameters, caused by air humidity during growth and also dynamic changes of these parameters aft of interactions between photosynthesis, growth and transpiration and effects of air humidity on humidity might decrease with increasing growth rate both at the level of one species and in com optimal humidity for photosynthesis and growth occurs in fast - growing trees because lower tra umidity can cause deficiency in mineral nutrients and decrease in growth rate. experiments in g cy in mineral nutrients and decrease in growth rate. experiments in growth chambers and leaf ch decrease in growth rate. experiments in growth chambers and leaf chambers are prepairing experi |
15302 | 1 | ments that appear on the edges of their distribution in the pyrennes and southern parts of nort
|
198 | 2 | ing behaviour of species with different habitat preferences, food choice and daily activity rhy
on of these insects with their external environment will be given much attention. by gas chroma |
14625 | 2 | habitat fragmentation causes biodiversity loss, threate
and persistence of arid and fragmented ecosystems. |
7123 | 4 | n the capabilities of mineralization of organic matter, the possibility of alteration of soil m
zodeposition and species composition of ecosystems should alter the composition and functioning ituation where a central element in the stability of forest ecosystems, absorbing unit tral element in the stability of forest ecosystems, absorbing unit |
538 | 10 | gy of our planet is driven by microbial ecosystems, we are severely hampered by our limited und
ited understanding of the diversity and function of such microbial ecosystems. in the present p iversity and function of such microbial ecosystems. in the present project, teams in the discip mistry, soil microbiology, genomics and ecosystem processes are assembled to study the relation mbled to study the relationship between environmental change, land use changes, biodiversity, a biodiversity, and functioning of forest ecosystems. the network has a strong focus on developin use changes on microbial diversity and function and exploring the evolutionary and mechanistic links between biological diversity and ecosystem function. in the present study, we have shown below ground can one hope to get a full ecosystem-based understanding, and this must be address tanding, and this must be addressed via modelling in order to provide relevant and useful infor |
6910 | 3 | emblages . 2. effect of the surrounding vegetation and pest management strategies on the coloni
sticide treatments and the neighbouring vegetation on colonisation rate of aculeata, coleoptera erent herb layers on the main pests and predators in the canopy will be investigated. |
15518 | 5 | es to generate a new landscape planning model based on ecosystem services management and meant
a new landscape planning model based on ecosystem services management and meant to avoid potent management strategies in mediterranean ecosystems have resulted in temporal and spatial mismat ach for the management of mediterranean ecosystems, based on the analysis of human-nature relat systems, based on the analysis of human-nature relationships from an interdisciplinary perspect |
15289 | 5 | ndaries network related to agricultural intensification can affect negatively the conservation
ly the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems functioning. the new cap recognizes their va aries related to agricultural landscape intensification and management . the results from this nition of a balanced management of crop production and biodiversity conservation in mediterrane landscapes differing in their agrarian intensification. |
7202 | 1 | al diversity of agricultural and forest ecosystems nont never been associated. the network of l
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12507 | 2 | of the most crucial aspects of organic production systems; there is a reliance on legume deriv
; there is a reliance on legume derived nitrogen but long term fertility building leys are expe |
11669 | 3 | adaptive responses to rapid environmental change are typically associated with stro
ve visibility of the two morphs to bird predators, is predicted to have generated a strong hitc ciate the evolutionary ramifications of environmental change. |
14434 | 4 | diversity and sustainable management of environment, studies on natural habitats’ fragmentation
national park on the biodiversity of 7 model groups of organisms on the structure of studied c . species composition and abundances of model groups will be determined using different approac w data on the relationships between the model groups of organisms and their habitats in respect |
10175 | 1 | rent temperatures and during changes of temperature. the transcription rate of rbc genes will b
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7697 | 1 | eart of major socio-economic processes: intensification / agricultural abandonment, and urbaniz
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13806 | 14 | climate change will lead to shifts in species distribut
iodiversity. one example of a potential distribution shift is the northward migration of beechs ial distribution shift is the northward migration of beechs climate envelope . this project wil ft is the northward migration of beechs climate envelope . this project will provide prediction establishment north of its current main distribution on species’ ability to colonize these esta rt up by simulating fictitious species’ colonization. at a later stage, after having developed t a later stage, after having developed colonization models based on empirical data, we will si al data, we will simulate real species’ colonization of established stands. the colonisation mo of established stands. the colonisation model development includes testing a new method for the ablished stands. the colonisation model development includes testing a new method for the devel t includes testing a new method for the development of simulation models for metapopulations in s. finally, we will identify extinction thresholds for a red-listed moss as a function of dead n thresholds for a red-listed moss as a function of dead wood quantity and turnover under diffe d turnover under different scenarios of climate change. predictions of future species distribut |
2068 | 3 | ects of such interaction for plant seed production and population dynamics is examined. finally
teraction for plant seed production and population dynamics is examined. finally, an experiment nt species composition and diversity of ecosystems. |
14814 | 11 | dictions of climatic models, the future climate of mediterranean regions in spain will be chara
hat will increase the degree of abiotic stress experienced by these areas. these changes may af e changes may affect specially to those ecosystems developed under high stress conditions, whos o those ecosystems developed under high stress conditions, whose capacity to respond against di l is to evaluate the effects of abiotic stress on two terrestrial ecosystems ecosystem composit ts of abiotic stress on two terrestrial ecosystems ecosystem composition, structure and functio ic stress on two terrestrial ecosystems ecosystem composition, structure and functioning along ucture and functioning along an abiotic stress gradient. this proposal will provide relevant in ation aiming to mitigate the effects of climate change, and for land managers to establish appr s, which rank among the most threatened ecosystems in europe and are highly vulnerable to clima in europe and are highly vulnerable to climate change. |
14754 | 5 | edge of the physiology and the original habitat of an endangered species erica andevalensis cab
a andevalensis cabezudo & rivera, which distribution area covers most of the andevalo area , an s important to the study of heavy metal resistance and excluding mechanisms. the localization o ay provide precise information on metal resistance and excluding mechanisms of this vulnerable uicn, and characteristic of a singular habitat, that will allow elaborate suitable conservatio |
15216 | 9 | nd continuous deposition of atmospheric nitrogen derived from human activities through changes
functional descriptor parameters in the ecosystem in response to the increased availability of sponse to the increased availability of nitrogen. for this we have chosen a mediterranean scrub is we have chosen a mediterranean scrub ecosystem represented by kermes oak thickets in a prote rtance of the increased availability of nitrogen in ecosystems typically limited by this nutrie e increased availability of nitrogen in ecosystems typically limited by this nutrient. these ob elated to effects on the seed bank, the richness, diversity of the communities affected and on sity of the communities affected and on productivity and growth of certain key species in these nities affected and on productivity and growth of certain key species in these systems. the abo |
13818 | 7 | atmospheric deposition of nitrogen regulates growth of phytoplankton in lakes. in
pheric deposition of nitrogen regulates growth of phytoplankton in lakes. increased n loading d st if there are regional differences in nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth in swedish in nutrient limitation of phytoplankton growth in swedish lakes and if such differences can be aims to test if n limits phytoplankton growth in areas with low n-deposition, if lakes are n+p nced n-deposition, and if phytoplankton growth is p-limited in areas with high n-deposition. in affects the species composition and the succession of phytoplankton in swedish lakes. lake samp |
13614 | 15 | changes in climate and reindeer grazing may both influence the veg
reindeer grazing may both influence the vegetation structure on arctic tundra heaths. long-term iled century-old historical data set on vegetation composition in combination with new surveys unity to evaluate effects of changes in climate and reindeer grazing on vegetation type distrib nges in climate and reindeer grazing on vegetation type distributions in northern scandinavia. e no previous long-term studies in this ecosystem investigating vegetation responses to both cl studies in this ecosystem investigating vegetation responses to both climate and reindeer grazi estigating vegetation responses to both climate and reindeer grazing, which is of great importa portance in order to understand ongoing vegetation processes. in order to minimize overestimati sation rates, the project will focus on vegetation type transitions rather than species. vegeta n type transitions rather than species. vegetation types represent a more reliable indicator of etation types represent a more reliable indicator of changing conditions than the extinction of roject will gain important knowledge of vegetation responses to changes in both climate and rei vegetation responses to changes in both climate and reindeer grazing, which will be of great im future and an understanding of ongoing vegetation processes. |
2172 | 10 | st-alpine transition zone due to global warming. since steep temperature-productivity gradients
zone due to global warming. since steep temperature-productivity gradients characterize these m global warming. since steep temperature-productivity gradients characterize these marginal area , two fundamental effects are expected: remote sensing. this technology is the most sensitive a nstrated on a 1500 km n-s gradient. the lidar transect encompasses hundreds of elevation gradie h changes are relevant for reporting on climate conventions, and experience gained may provide ects on biological processes regulating recruitment and growth of trees along the alpine tree l al processes regulating recruitment and growth of trees along the alpine tree line. by doing so ded to reliably detect changes in these climate-sensitive ecosystems tect changes in these climate-sensitive ecosystems |
416 | 8 | ny temperate coastlines where they form ecosystems similar to terrestrial forests. laminaria di
stigate the responses of l. digitata to competition with s. polyschides. moreover, multidiscipl otentially threatened by the effects of climate change and anthropogenic activity. indeed, l. d much less tolerant to light and thermal stress than s. polyschides and therefore potentially mo ction between the two species follows a model of ecological succession, l. digitata being the c o species follows a model of ecological succession, l. digitata being the climax species. in th predict using a prospective demographic model, that harvesting may be a threat for the persiste dapted to the potential fluctuations of abundance in order to sustain this marine resource. |
2002 | 16 | er the question what effects changes in temperature, precipitation and n deposition will have o
on what effects changes in temperature, precipitation and n deposition will have on the competi ation and n deposition will have on the competition between sphagnum species and the rate of ca etween sphagnum species and the rate of carbon sequestration. the project will focus on four si rmany. this transect constitutes both a temperature and a n deposition gradient. along this tra the combined effects of an increase in temperature and n deposition. after three years changes position and the accumulated amounts of carbon will be measured. experiments will be performed ns to analyse the effects of changes in temperature, water table and n input on growth and comp temperature, water table and n input on growth and competition between sphagnum species. in sep , water table and n input on growth and competition between sphagnum species. in separate exper e experiments we will measure potential growth, dead moss decomposability, drought resistance a wth, dead moss decomposability, drought resistance and length growth per unit mass increment. t sability, drought resistance and length growth per unit mass increment. these plant features wi to morphological features as branching density, leaf density and leaf length and the concentra cal features as branching density, leaf density and leaf length and the concentrations of the v hemical compounds that affect dead moss decomposition. we attempt to explain the reconstructed |
13533 | 13 | higher temperatures and more precipitation are likely to affect the distribution and
precipitation are likely to affect the distribution and abundance of pike, a key lake piscivor e likely to affect the distribution and abundance of pike, a key lake piscivore, and thereby th , a key lake piscivore, and thereby the production of several species of salmonid fish. the cli f several species of salmonid fish. the climate can have direct effects on intake rates, metabo abolic costs and dispersal ability, and indirect effects mediated via changes in the carrying c ect effects mediated via changes in the carrying capacity. the objectives of this project is: a ical models that predict how a changing climate will affect the distribution of pike and its ef how a changing climate will affect the distribution of pike and its effects on salmonid popula build mechanistic models describing how temperature affects the interaction between an omnivoro s the interaction between an omnivorous predator and an intermediate consumer. these models wil rameterized using published data on the temperature dependence of energy mobilization in lakes, d data on the temperature dependence of energy mobilization in lakes, and intake rates and meta |
15100 | 9 | rculation models predict an increase in temperature and a potential reduction in precipitation
emperature and a potential reduction in precipitation in the ne of the iberian peninsula during ring the next decades. these effects of climate change are likely to affect the functioning and the functioning and structure of forest ecosystems and, ultimately, the distribution of species forest ecosystems and, ultimately, the distribution of species. evergreen and deciduous oaks t eciduous oaks to analyze the effects of climate change on vegetative growth and acorn productio effects of climate change on vegetative growth and acorn production of holm oak and deciduous o e change on vegetative growth and acorn production of holm oak and deciduous oaks by modelling ction of holm oak and deciduous oaks by modelling techniques. |
14920 | 11 | climate exerts a major influence on soil organic carbon
climate exerts a major influence on soil organic carbon content and, consequently, there is g concern over the feedback response of carbon-rich soils to increasing global atmospheric temp ures have been offsetting absorption of carbon by these terrestrial sinks resulting in the stim l sinks resulting in the stimulation of soil organic matter mineralization with associated rele ed release of co2 and dissolved organic carbon describing the possible mechanisms involved and k effects by developping a mathematical model which would allow to link biodiversity and carbon ch would allow to link biodiversity and carbon cycle. these three aims will provide a better un of the functional response of peatlands ecosystems to global warming and, therefore, will reduc ponse of peatlands ecosystems to global warming and, therefore, will reduce uncertainaties for , will reduce uncertainaties for future climate change predictions. |
15397 | 18 | rganisms use environmental cues, mainly temperature and photoperiod, which correlate with futur
e-cycle events, such as reproduction or migration in birds. increasing evidence suggests that e onditions may have consequences for the distribution, phenology and life histories of birds. ho have consequences for the distribution, phenology and life histories of birds. however, the ove es are available from the mediterranean ecosystems. the observed changes cannot be interpreted especially how other components of the ecosystem are affected by climate change. in the presen onents of the ecosystem are affected by climate change. in the present project, variation in li e. in the present project, variation in life history traits of some bird species is examined in sent project, variation in life history traits of some bird species is examined in relation to cales in several birds in mediterranean ecosystems. our main aims are to study the: 1. effects in aims are to study the: 1. effects of climate warming on life history traits of birds using l are to study the: 1. effects of climate warming on life history traits of birds using long-term y the: 1. effects of climate warming on life history traits of birds using long-term data in me ects of climate warming on life history traits of birds using long-term data in mediterranean e s using long-term data in mediterranean ecosystems. 2. effects of temperatures on fecundity and fferent trophic levels in mediterranean ecosystems. 4. effects of climate change on demographic mediterranean ecosystems. 4. effects of climate change on demographic parameters of coexisting in wetlands and their implications in a climate change scenario. |
15384 | 2 | climate trends during recent decades and atmospheric ge
ted with corresponding changes in plant community composition, structure or ecophysiological pe |
2139 | 15 | environmental changes of greenhouse-gas warming, with likely strong consequences for structure
ure of plant and animal communities and ecosystem processes. the rates of the biological proces he biological processes are mediated by temperature, season length, temporal and spatial distri re, season length, temporal and spatial distribution of snow and water conditions, i.e. factors dergo strong changes. at the same time, decomposition processes are moderated by the organisms microbes and soil fauna use litter and soil organic matter as energy, carbon and nutrient sour a use litter and soil organic matter as energy, carbon and nutrient sources for biomass product tter and soil organic matter as energy, carbon and nutrient sources for biomass production and carbon and nutrient sources for biomass production and for their metabolic functions. climatic te an increase in the mineralisation of soil organic matter by microbes and microarthropods, wh and population densities, life cycles, population dynamics and turnover in microarthopod commu nities to understand the effects on the decomposition processes. experimental sites for investi f soil organisms to adapt to a changing environment will determine their response to climatic m effort will be on functional aspects on ecosystem level of processes, and interactions at the l y experimental perturbations within the ecosystems, and by laboratory studies. |
2080 | 6 | climate change may have profound effects on insects tha
s on insects that cause widespread tree mortality and have significant impacts on forest ecosys and have significant impacts on forest ecosystems. the spruce bark beetle . the project aims a oring programme in southern norway. the distribution of bivoltism and the risk of damages by th be estimated under various scenarios of climate change. the results will be made available for s will be made available for economical modelling and forest management adaptations in various |
10526 | 1 | ses in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide , one of the centres of excellence for m
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13855 | 15 | phication on local diversity processes, trophic interactions and ecosystem function. specifical
ity processes, trophic interactions and ecosystem function. specifically, i will examine multi- i will examine multi-trophic effects of community complexity and resource availability on biodi mine multi-trophic effects of community complexity and resource availability on biodiversity an source availability on biodiversity and productivity by exposing macroalgal communities in diff lgal communities in different states of succession to artificial nutrient/light conditions and /light conditions and manipulate grazer/predator presence. although coastal eutrophication chan oalgae have a fundamental role as basic habitat for many associated organisms but there are few that address effects on biodiversity by habitat change over more than one trophic level. the co el. the combined influence of light and nutrients should promote strong interactions on local d ince they set different limits on plant growth and determine the quality of organic matter tran ant growth and determine the quality of organic matter transfer to higher trophic levels. recen evel influences diversity processes and productivity at other trophic levels. it is therefore e mpact of plant resource composition and trophic interactions on local diversity processes, to d le cascade effects of eutrophication on ecosystem function and biodiversity. |
10814 | 3 | the most biologically diverse of marine ecosystems and are arguably the most deeply threatened
r lost worldwide largely as a result of climate change, overexploitation and pollution. we urge ow they are affected by factors such as body size, size at maturity, depth range and desirabili |
10954 | 1 | ossible, data to be generated in marine productivity application 2.3. complementary data will b
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13829 | 2 | iftelsen will be the base for a similar mapping process. except for the mapping, a field experi
similar mapping process. except for the mapping, a field experiment on polypore-living insects |
13467 | 3 | project grant to study the influence of environmental change on the dynamics of genetic archite
opulations and the complex interplay of population dynamics and population genetics. i will use polymorphism in pygmy grasshoppers as a model system. i will combine information on colour morp |
11682 | 4 | the study will be based on community-wide quantitative inventories of plants . dat
nventories of plants . data analysis of community-wide properties of each assemblage, and the p and the patterns of both occupancy and abundance of single species will be carried out primari out primarily using generalized linear modelling and logistic regressions taking into account |
2005 | 12 | inities via the quality and quantity of carbon source inputs into the system. fot rerestrial ec
inputs into the system. fot rerestrial ecosystems, it is expected that global climate changes ecosystems, it is expected that global climate changes will affect plants most directly, and t ctly, and thes changes include elevated temperature, alterations in moisture do enhanced co2 co shifts we will detemine changes in the abundance of fungi and bacteria, as well as functional dance of fungi and bacteria, as well as functional groups within thes microbial groups, with pa e of two dominant plant species of dune ecosystems, festuca rubra and carexd arenaria, exposed acking changes in, and consequences of, functional diversity in these rhizosphere habitats, we propose to address the consequences of global change for this vulnerable dune ecosystem as wel global change for this vulnerable dune ecosystem as well as more generally for the development ystem as well as more generally for the development of natural vegetation. enerally for the development of natural vegetation. |
2095 | 4 | tigates the role of carotenoids for egg development and early juvenile survival in atlantic sal
terious effects of free radicals during growth. however, too high intake of certain carotenoids nments, with higher and lower oxidative stress, respectively. an improved understanding of the etter understand variation in offspring production and therefore be highly relevant for a prope |
13441 | 11 | the largest inland delta in africa. the ecosystem is driven by annual flooding, which brings wa
which brings water and initiates forage growth during the dry season, allowing the area to supp ounded by a lack of knowledge about the vegetation and its resilience. it is crucial to ascerta w disturbance affects the structure and function of the ecosystem. this project focuses on gain fects the structure and function of the ecosystem. this project focuses on gaining an understan g an understanding of the structure and function of the ecosystems, to provide robust ecologica ng of the structure and function of the ecosystems, to provide robust ecological data that can ion on stakeholders perception, species richness, tree recruitment, seed banks, seed dispersal, ders perception, species richness, tree recruitment, seed banks, seed dispersal, seedling estab character and current state of the area vegetation resource with respect to the independent and endent and combined effects of fire and herbivory. |
423 | 14 | after 1987, the temperature of the whole water column in the continenta
nges in the structure of the groundfish community of the bay of biscay during the three last de the three last decades, in relation to climate change and effects of fishery. during the ninet ffects of fishery. during the nineties, abundance of the small subtropical fish species increas pical fish species increased, while the abundance of the largest individuals decreased, especia e gear selectivity and because the life traits of these species make them more resilient to fis ies make them more resilient to fishing mortality. moreover, small species are more able to qui re more able to quickly benefit from an environmental change. the individual-based modelling se ironmental change. the individual-based modelling seemed to support the hypothesis that these c changes are related to both fishing and climate effects. total landings of the french fishing f the region reflect these changes in the ecosystem. the total value of these landings showed gre ot easily linked to changes in the fish community. this is du to the fact that no relationships es have been strongly influenced by the evolution of markets for seafood in europe, and the dev markets for seafood in europe, and the development of substitute products . |
7140 | 7 | the impacts of fishing and climate change on ecological processes in maintaining e
om time-series statistical analysis and modeling by individuals -centrée. a statistical analysi r not, along depth gradients of primary productivity and flexibility, will be identified and in ding to the effects of fishing and / or climate change. changes in commercial fisheries of the ony. it also will integrate the fishing mortality generated by a fleet simply by formalizing th ic dependency mechanism of reproduction temperature. Finally, the economic implications of chan ed with the operation and impact of the warming will be analyzed. |
14966 | 5 | ariability in runoff as a result of the global change in rainfall intensity and frequency. the
cy and the interruption of hydrological connectivity in the river network. the effects will be rk. the effects will be analysed on the community structure of algae, macroinvertebrates and fi to the comprehension of the effects of climate change on mediterranean stream ecosystems. climate change on mediterranean stream ecosystems. |
13967 | 5 | l grassland habitats by combining large-scale field experiments, focal observations of pollinat
ments, focal observations of pollinator behavior and monitoring of pollinator abundance. pollin r behavior and monitoring of pollinator abundance. pollination service will be estimated in lar nd importance of the project lies in an evaluation of the ecological importance of pollen limit ollen limitation and the effect of seed production on population and metapopulation dynamics of |
14469 | 8 | habitat fragmentation, that is the reduction of a conti
, that is the reduction of a continuous habitat into several spatially isolated remnants, repre the biological diversity of terrestrial ecosystems. the fragmentation of habitats and the resul nsequences, including losses of species richness and abundance, reduced mutualistic interaction ncluding losses of species richness and abundance, reduced mutualistic interactions between pla ess biodiversity components at regional scale; to calculate basic descriptors of genetic divers different species; to identify spatial thresholds of fragmentation that are necessary to maint ims to set a theoretical ground for the development of effective both in situ and ex situ conse |
13849 | 6 | habitat fragmentation caused by dams and road passes ca
effects we will quantify extinction and colonization rates. extinction rates as a function of h lonization rates. extinction rates as a function of habitat size will be quantified from the in ates. extinction rates as a function of habitat size will be quantified from the incidence of s e outcome of introductions to formulate habitat dependent assembly rules. these rules specify h or more species can coexist depends on habitat size and presence of other species. we will use |
7125 | 5 | rch project aims to study the impact of global change on ocean and lake aquatic ecosystems in W
global change on ocean and lake aquatic ecosystems in Western Europe by using plankton indicato ems in Western Europe by using plankton indicators. it lies in a global context, essential to t ntext, essential to tackle the issue of climate change impacts on biodiversity and functioning biodiversity and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. This multidisciplinary project will combine |
540 | 16 | ination of long-term records of aquatic ecosystems has provided useful information to find out
ing forces. understanding the impact of climate change on these ecosystems, the management of t g the impact of climate change on these ecosystems, the management of their resources and the e can be achieved by inter-site and inter-ecosystem comparisons. this approach was undertaken dur ty to tackle with marine and freshwater ecosystems. it allowed us to compile and validate sever d on the analysis of the variability of climate indices and biological data across several spat spatial scales was used. the different ecosystems analyzed here showed clear response to the n ed clear response to the north atlantic climate variability, although abrupt changes in differe hough abrupt changes in different local community compositions occurred in all ecosystems in th community compositions occurred in all ecosystems in the middle of the 1980s. during this peri ve resulted in long-term changes in cod recruitment in the north sea . on the other hand, both the north sea . on the other hand, both climate change and the improvement of trophic status in hitefish during the 1990s. lower larval mortality and better recruitment are supposed to be lin 990s. lower larval mortality and better recruitment are supposed to be linked to faster growth ent are supposed to be linked to faster growth associated with warmer temperatures and better f between larvae hatching and zooplankton development. |
15184 | 3 | nalyze microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems has reveled its huge richness and diversity
aquatic ecosystems has reveled its huge richness and diversity of phylo-phenetic species. the s s are linked by dispersal making up the metacommunity which dynamics has unknown consequences f |
15315 | 3 | nalyze microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems has revealed their huge richness and diversi
atic ecosystems has revealed their huge richness and diversity of phylophenetic species. the se are connected by dispersal making up a metacommunity. currently, the dynamics of microbial met |
15245 | 10 | habitat modification by land use change is a major driv
habitat modification by land use change is a major driver of biodiversity loss, ut little is known about the effects of landscape change on biotic interactions. our overall ob s of spatial and temporal components of habitat loss, fragmentation and restoration on plant an not all species are equally affected by landscape change. habitats may exhibit either higher-th bit either higher-than-expected species richness in regressive patches due to delayed extinctio nctions, or lower-than-expected species richness in newly originated patches due to dispersal c y loss, but the processes through which habitat modification over the last 50 years. biological ast 50 years. biological and ecological traits at the species and population levels will be rec surveyed to characterize the effect of landscape change on the topology of plant-pollinator ne |
13953 | 10 | project aims to estimate the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on biodiversity of macro
ty of macrofauna using mussel beds as a model system. habitat loss is a main cause for species na using mussel beds as a model system. habitat loss is a main cause for species extinctions an ctions and biodiversity declines, while habitat fragmentation model data and results obtained t y declines, while habitat fragmentation model data and results obtained to refine predictions o fine predictions of the critical mussel habitat amount needed to sustain a high diversity and a needed to sustain a high diversity and abundance. thus, this project will be able to predict h will be able to predict how much mussel habitat should be conserved for persistence of populati versity, and the relative importance of habitat fragmentation and different population processe different population processes for this threshold. |
13830 | 8 | roject is to evaluate the importance of habitat quality and quantity for the recruitment potent
of habitat quality and quantity for the recruitment potential of fish using coastal nursery gro t these changes alter the structure and function of the communities present, but there is no in but there is no information on how the recruitment potential of fish populations is affected. hesis concerning the effect of algae on distribution, growth and survival of juvenile fish in t ng the effect of algae on distribution, growth and survival of juvenile fish in the coastal zon he coastal zone. the effect of juvenile growth rate on the survival during later life stages wi e stages will also be evaluated and the recruitment potential of the nursery grounds will be mo |
12177 | 3 | important future role in adaptation for climate change by facilitating the movement of species
maintain their character, condition and ecological function, and to prevent them overgrowing an inform management prescriptions, policy development and further research. it is recognised that |
11066 | 9 | population gets smaller or decreases in density, the number of opportunities for parasite trans
sence, is the idea of a host population threshold: that there is a certain population size or d t there is a certain population size or density below which the parasite cannot persist. extinc of hosts has increased again above the threshold number. if there is a whole group of such hos knowing where and when host population thresholds and metapopulations are found for parasites apopulations are found for parasites in nature would be of great interest, because it could exp w almost no examples of host population thresholds and parasite metapopulations in wild species the first examples for host population thresholds and metapopulation structure influencing and nfluencing and potentially limiting the distribution of parasite species within a landscape. |
14741 | 7 | ntly suffered changes in water quality, trophic structure and composition of the biological com
lly, with the purpose of characterizing habitat and communities; - development of a macrophyte aracterizing habitat and communities; - development of a macrophyte habitat model; - evaluation munities; - development of a macrophyte habitat model; - evaluation of the effect of controlled ; - development of a macrophyte habitat model; - evaluation of the effect of controlled flows o opment of a macrophyte habitat model; - evaluation of the effect of controlled flows on the eco f the effect of controlled flows on the ecosystem: specific sampling to evaluate its effect on |
11547 | 4 | itored each year as part of the ongoing recovery programme. field aviaries on mauritius will en
low immunocompetence to reflect reduced resistance to infection. however, on mauritius, immunoc cted birds to evaluate change in immune function as infection progresses. the project will use eractions between inbreeding and immune function. genetically confirmed pedigrees already exist |
2136 | 9 | have a strong ecological impact on the ecosystem and each other. in spite of the potential imp
n spite of the potential importance for ecosystem functioning, there have been few studies addr rt involving historic data analysis and modeling. the project will benefit strongly from extens data sets on physics, plankton and fish distribution from collaborating norwegian, russian, ice institutions. a novel individual based modeling approach will be used to generate data driven of the functioning of the norwegian sea ecosystem and generate several products that can be use several products that can be useful for ecosystem management including estimates of carrying ca ystem management including estimates of carrying capacity of planktivorous fish and distributio ying capacity of planktivorous fish and distribution of fish stocks among economic zones. |
13944 | 5 | munities predicts that biodiversity and function of local communities are determined by an inte
on patterns and processes at the local scale. the study will be performed in ponds along the r and dispersal distance. in a subsequent mesocosm experiment, i will test the interacting effect source availability on local diversity, productivity and biotic interactions. the project will iological invasions on biodiversity and ecosystem function at multiple spatial scales. |
14718 | 11 | land use and climate changes have been suggested as the two main thr
d as one of the most affected by global climate change. in the particular case of spain, it cou rocesses to individual-level perfomance traits. in the present project we aim to achieve the fo and simulated models on the effects of landscape change on species distribution and abundance. effects of landscape change on species distribution and abundance. 2. predictive and simulated cape change on species distribution and abundance. 2. predictive and simulated models on the ef and simulated models on the effects of climate change on species distribution and abundance. s he effects of climate change on species distribution and abundance. simulated scenarios of simu mate change on species distribution and abundance. simulated scenarios of simultaneously landsc enarios of simultaneously landscape and climate change on habitat suitability for the studied s neously landscape and climate change on habitat suitability for the studied species. 3. populat |
14833 | 15 | these communities are at their southern distribution limit, which makes them more sensitive to
mit, which makes them more sensitive to environmental change. at present the evidence of the ef present the evidence of the effects of climate change on calluna heath is very limited. howeve s very limited. however, an increase in temperature and drought are likely to affect their dist and drought are likely to affect their distribution and composition. temperature increase coul ect their distribution and composition. temperature increase could have an influence on the mov om the iberian peninsula. a decrease in precipitation during the summer could favour the develo tion during the summer could favour the development of dry heathlands more than the permanence versity, dynamic and behaviour of these ecosystems. therefore the main objective of the propose ed project is to analyse the effects of climate change, land use and forest fires on biodiversi ntabrian mountain range at the southern distribution limit, and on the other, the wet heathland other, the wet heathlands situated on a climate slope in the montes galaicos, characterised by se communities as a result of the small scale alterations to which they can be subjected, and o h they can be subjected, and on a large scale as a result of climate change, which can displace ed, and on a large scale as a result of climate change, which can displace current conditions t |
14832 | 15 | these communities are at their southern distribution limit, which makes them more sensitive to
mit, which makes them more sensitive to environmental change. at present the evidence of the ef present the evidence of the effects of climate change on calluna heath is very limited. howeve s very limited. however, an increase in temperature and drought are likely to affect their dist and drought are likely to affect their distribution and composition. temperature increase coul ect their distribution and composition. temperature increase could have an influence on the mov om the iberian peninsula. a decrease in precipitation during the summer could favour the develo tion during the summer could favour the development of dry heathlands more than the permanence versity, dynamic and behaviour of these ecosystems. therefore the main objective of the propose ed project is to analyse the effects of climate change, land use and forest fires on biodiversi ntabrian mountain range at the southern distribution limit, and on the other, the wet heathland other, the wet heathlands situated on a climate slope in the montes galaicos, characterised by se communities as a result of the small scale alterations to which they can be subjected, and o h they can be subjected, and on a large scale as a result of climate change, which can displace ed, and on a large scale as a result of climate change, which can displace current conditions t |
12172 | 2 | ips, has apparent benefits at the field scale for birds, by often holding greater diversity and
holding greater diversity and sometimes abundance than equivalent areas of crop in each study 1 |
15207 | 1 | rch on the use of sea water by the dune vegetation of spanish coasts and to assess whether it i
|
15218 | 14 | orary ponds because they affect primary production, nutrient cycling, leaf litter decomposition
t primary production, nutrient cycling, leaf litter decomposition, and invertebrate populations oduction, nutrient cycling, leaf litter decomposition, and invertebrate populations. the presen vertebrate populations. the presence of predators, however, can modify the interactions between mphibians are capable of altering their development in response to the presence of predators, p elopment in response to the presence of predators, producing anti-predator morphologies, reduci e presence of predators, producing anti-predator morphologies, reducing activity levels, and/or evolved under selection from a suite of predators would be readily activated by cues from a nov activated by cues from a novel invasive predator species, and if they do, whether they would be would be as effective as against native predators. the red swamp crayfish constitutes a textboo this crayfish is an extremely efficient predator of amphibian eggs and larvae, that may have al ions exposed to it. we will compare the density-dependent and trait-mediated effects of the red ts of the red swamp crayfish and native predators such as odonates on larval amphibians and the ng field surveys, field, laboratory and mesocosm experiments, quantitative and population genet |
13968 | 7 | ing fish populations and destroying the vegetation on nesting islands. while the effect on fish
e research have been aimed at examining ecosystem effects on nesting islands in the baltic. in , on active colonies of various nesting density and on abandoned islands. as a framework for in slands. as a framework for interpreting density responses, following the increased nutrient inf inflow, we will use recent advances in ecological stoichiometry, which is a method for indepen on. to study dynamics, we will quantify density response across multiple years for herbivore sp ween the nutrient content of plants and life history characteristics. |
2515 | 6 | stitutes a key component of the pelagic food web in the north sea and north atlantic/barents se
ects could have a massive impact at the ecosystem level, also including commercially important ation of the findings from wp1&2 into a modelling tool to upscale acidification effects on indi on effects on individuals to population scale using an ecosystem model. ndividuals to population scale using an ecosystem model. to population scale using an ecosystem model. |
14184 | 4 | he increasing chemical pollution of the environment, more agricultural farms attempt to avoid u
anges in insect physiological state and development. the aim of this project is to clarify the ce of pesticides over important insects development and physiology. the complex equipment elabo l condition of insect caused by several stress factors. this project is a continuation of our p |
13843 | 12 | nowledge on how reindeer affect species richness at small spatial scales. however, we do not kn
now how reindeer grazing affect species richness at large spatial scales. the relationship betw cales. the relationship between species richness and area is particularly important as it holds ds out a prospect of predicting species richness at large scales from data gathered relatively redicting effects of grazing on species richness at large spatial scales from small-scale studi ness at large spatial scales from small-scale studies is by no means a simple task as different that reindeer grazing increase species richness at small spatial scales but decrease species r all spatial scales but decrease species richness at large spatial scales. moreover, i will also ether the effect of reindeer on species richness at different spatial scales driven by their ef patial scales driven by their effect on spatial heterogeneity of plant biomass and nutrient ava nt availability. a combination of small-scale manipulations, natural experiments and descriptiv nowledge on how reindeer affect species richness at larger spatial scales. this increased knowl |
13488 | 17 | re minor, reindeer can still have large indirect effects on the vegetation by influencing soil
till have large indirect effects on the vegetation by influencing soil temperature, nutrient tu s on the vegetation by influencing soil temperature, nutrient turnover and competition between soil temperature, nutrient turnover and competition between plants. the vegetation in the scand ver and competition between plants. the vegetation in the scandinavian mountains is expected to s is expected to change due to a warmer climate and many species have already increased their a y warm. how reindeer will interact with climate induced vegetation changes are poorly studied. deer will interact with climate induced vegetation changes are poorly studied. i will study the will study how reindeer influence plant community composition, dynamics of carbon and nitrogen lant community composition, dynamics of carbon and nitrogen and the regeneration and survival o ity composition, dynamics of carbon and nitrogen and the regeneration and survival of trees and are expected to be favored by a warmer climate. field studies will be combined with mathematic dies will be combined with mathematical modeling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics. results from combined with mathematical modeling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics. results from these theore ith mathematical modeling of carbon and nitrogen dynamics. results from these theoretical and e nderstanding how reindeer interact with climate-induced vegetation changes. these studies will reindeer interact with climate-induced vegetation changes. these studies will reveal if reinde |
14900 | 4 | the scientific community is committed to search approaches of ecologic
al restoration that allow to conciliate ecosystem exploitation and nature conservation. this wi o conciliate ecosystem exploitation and nature conservation. this will improve the sustainabili fer to taxonomic . 8. to use raptors as ecological indicators of revegetation success. to cope |
13739 | 10 | ese transitions affect biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. changes in alternative states, e
on in biodiversity and a degradation of ecosystem functioning. here, we intend to study the imp o study the importance of seasonal mass-migration of cyprinids between lakes and their tributar tributaries, the mechanisms behind this migration and its importance as a driving force for the intend to study how changes in seasonal migration affects biodiversity and ecosystem function i onal migration affects biodiversity and ecosystem function in these systems. our main hypothesi s. our main hypothesis is that relative predation risk differs between habitats seasonally and lise refuges in tributaries. changes in migration patterns should affect organisms at lower tro esulting in effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the hypotheses will be tested us sing a combination of surveys and large-scale field experiments. the project is a continuation |
13844 | 4 | e the inheritance patterns of herbivore resistance and ability of the algal plants to produce c
ul models to study questions concerning community structure, species richness, and inheritance concerning community structure, species richness, and inheritance patterns in terrestrial syste biodiversity of associated communities, resistance, and chemical defence of parent and hybrid f |
12576 | 1 | ions on soil fertility and agricultural productivity.
|
11769 | 9 | the distribution and the abundance of organisms depend on b
the distribution and the abundance of organisms depend on both the persistence o lance between colonisation of available habitat and local extinctions. both local and regional al and regional processes depend on the density-dependent regulation of population growth rates sity-dependent regulation of population growth rates and the fecundity of their constituent ind eir constituent individuals. population growth decreases with population density as a result of lation growth decreases with population density as a result of reduced individual survivorship dual survivorship and fecundity through competition for resources and microsites for germinatio ions through both positive and negative density dependence. |
9906 | 9 | the distribution and the abundance of organisms depend on b
the distribution and the abundance of organisms depend on both the persistence o lance between colonisation of available habitat and local extinctions. both local and regional al and regional processes depend on the density-dependent regulation of population growth rates sity-dependent regulation of population growth rates and the fecundity of their constituent ind eir constituent individuals. population growth decreases with population density as a result of lation growth decreases with population density as a result of reduced individual survivorship dual survivorship and fecundity through competition for resources and microsites for germinatio ions through both positive and negative density dependence. |
13698 | 5 | ltural simulation system which is under development. to not only include volume production but
development. to not only include volume production but also development of value in planning in only include volume production but also development of value in planning instruments will proba is that silvicultural treatments affect growth and morphology of norway spruce in a predictable d this will also affect timber quality. growth and timber-quality will be investigated in old e |
15272 | 13 | mmunities develop in systems conforming habitat islands. spatial structure of fragments determi
atial structure of fragments determines community persistence. several global change forces are termines community persistence. several global change forces are changing the arrangement of th hange in spatial arrangement can affect community structure and composition. the systems we are elative to the processes that determine community organization and more specifically questions lter based on competitive exclusion, is community phylogenetic structure a main process in the s of species mobility determine species richness in community fragments, is there any mechanism mobility determine species richness in community fragments, is there any mechanism dealing wit zation of phylogenetic diversity in the community structure may be due to a neutral assembly de eractions. the relationship between the spatial pattern and the environmental factors allows us te the role of environmental filters in community clustering. the temporal component of communi y clustering. the temporal component of community organization processes can be studied using d vidual plants are recruited and how the function of different species changes with time. |
1088 | 18 | tionships between species diversity and ecosystem processes have received a growing attention i
ion in recent years. several studies on carbon cycling and decomposition have been done on sing . several studies on carbon cycling and decomposition have been done on single species. the res ers, soil factors, pollution and global warming, but the role of biodiversity remains effective dies on mixed litters showed that their decomposition processes cannot be simply related to the ot be simply related to the dynamics of decomposition of single species litters. there is a cle effects of litter diversity in order to model the biogeochemical cycles in the soil. in particu es have been performed in mediterranean ecosystems despite their high biodiversity and their ve ty and their very fine spatial grain of vegetation composition and cover. objective of this pro is project will be the experimental and modelling study of the primary production and decomposi ntal and modelling study of the primary production and decomposition processes of a mediterrane ing study of the primary production and decomposition processes of a mediterranean maquis in re ill be used to develop a new integrated model able to simulate spatially distributed c and n fl atially distributed c and n fluxes. the model will be implemented on the basis of an existing m implemented on the basis of an existing model built during a previous national research program ral networks. this will make possible a model evaluation and discussion on the possible impacts tworks. this will make possible a model evaluation and discussion on the possible impacts of bi ible impacts of biodiversity changes on ecosystem processes at different spatial and temporal s |
15446 | 22 | the increase in earths temperature in the last decades has made to proliferate
proliferate studies within the scope of climate change. we will be able to discern changes in e . we will be able to discern changes in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those hanges in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those of natural variability if we a profound knowledge on the effects of temperature in such processes. the fact that there is a a national action on adaptation to the climate change is enough to understand that it is very ant to know profoundly the responses of ecosystems to the increase of temperature on earth. the ponses of ecosystems to the increase of temperature on earth. the effects of climate change on of temperature on earth. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, the headwater streams inc earth. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, the headwater streams included, the target still poorly known, in particular when temperature interacts with other factors locally. in th processes arousing greater interest is leaf litter decomposition, by its repercussion on the g rousing greater interest is leaf litter decomposition, by its repercussion on the global carbon tion, by its repercussion on the global carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rate rcussion on the global carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies, h al carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies, however, have tried t his project is to assess the effects of temperature in the functioning of northern spain headwa r streams through the response of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and under he response of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and underlying variables, an of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and underlying variables, and to discern d to discern its implications on stream ecosystems under the projected climate change scenarios n stream ecosystems under the projected climate change scenarios. |
15517 | 18 | global climate change is one of the principal threats to the c
marked changes in the distributions and phenology of many species as a result of increasing tem ittle is known about the sensitivity to climate variation of different populations of the same hich are typically exposed to different temperature and humidity conditions. the possibility th same species show adaptations to local climate conditions is potentially important in quantify important in quantifying the impacts of climate change, since it could lead to considerable und over-estimations of changes to species abundance and phenology compared with estimated impacts ons of changes to species abundance and phenology compared with estimated impacts based on the t species show homogeneous responses to climate conditions across their distributions. this pro ims to determine the association of the abundance and phenology of the butterflies of the sierr ne the association of the abundance and phenology of the butterflies of the sierra de guadarram rflies of the sierra de guadarrama with temperature and humidity for an 11 year dataset in mult is to quantify the relationship between abundance and climate, and between phenology and climat the relationship between abundance and climate, and between phenology and climate, for all spe ween abundance and climate, and between phenology and climate, for all species with sufficient and climate, and between phenology and climate, for all species with sufficient data, to then he altitudinal gradient. in the case of abundance, a comparative analysis will also be carried es which are most sensitive to temporal climate variability are also those which have experienc |
14790 | 3 | y islands has never been studied from a community or species diversity perspective. in spite of
ering native species, and if there is a recovery of potential vegetation. more specifically we and if there is a recovery of potential vegetation. more specifically we pretend to describe pl |
15099 | 13 | climatic models predict for ne spain a temperature rise and an increase in water stress during
mperature rise and an increase in water stress during the next decades. both climatic trends ma rowing season promoted by the predicted temperature rise will reduce the competition for intern dicted temperature rise will reduce the competition for internal resources required byvegetativ nternal resources required byvegetative growth and reproduction. however, it is also expected a t the first effect leading to a greater competition for the internal resources between growth a tion for the internal resources between growth and reproduction. we hypothesize that the overla ing between phenological phases and the competition for resources in response to the forecasted proposal are: to analyse the effects of climate change on the dynamics of growth and acorn prod ts of climate change on the dynamics of growth and acorn production in mediterranean oaks using nge on the dynamics of growth and acorn production in mediterranean oaks using a forest growth on in mediterranean oaks using a forest growth model. editerranean oaks using a forest growth model. |
14645 | 1 | atomo-pathological activity patterns, 4 stable isotopes of n and c for diet determination; 5 mi
|
14636 | 1 | n of non-native seaweeds into different ecosystems is a global phenomenon that may cause signif
|
14755 | 16 | cies could imply several changes in the food web to which it belongs inducing, for example, fur
e lost species, or another with similar function, in the ecosystem. from the scientific perspec r another with similar function, in the ecosystem. from the scientific perspective, the preoccu e relationship between biodiversity and food webs is obvious, and it should be deepened in thos reas of knowledge which would allow the evaluation of the effect of these changes within the tr se changes within the trophic webs: its stability, productivity and resistance to change. new a within the trophic webs: its stability, productivity and resistance to change. new approaches a c webs: its stability, productivity and resistance to change. new approaches and methods of res the study, amongst other things, of the connectivity and connectance; the more effective energy ity and connectance; the more effective energy and information transference routes within a foo orces between trophic elements, and iii model equations or formulas that would allow the predic nd the effect of a loss of species in a community of which it forms a part, and to determine if not just on the species but also on its function, on the foodweb to which it belongs, and on th e research team making this proposal in community assemblies in the laboratory; in dynamic proc ocesses and in the self-organisation of community formation and the achievement of its stabilit ty formation and the achievement of its stability , will allow it to work with laboratory maint |
13861 | 2 | on short-term consumer dynamics in open ecosystems and have significant effects on juvenile sur
ficant effects on juvenile survival and growth in detritus based systems. |
15385 | 6 | nd effects on the functioning of forest ecosystems and, because of this, contribute to determin
ute to determine the characteristics of carbon global cycle. competitive equilibria between eve ree species may strongly depend on leaf productivity along the different seasons, and on the mo inter contributes to intensify the leaf traits that confer persistence to the leaves in seasona ects of low winter temperatures on leaf traits and photosynthesis and dark respiration in leave leaf traits and photosynthesis and dark respiration in leaves of evergreen tree species in medi |
13524 | 3 | gate how top-down how future changes in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structur
n how future changes in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structures. in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structures. |
6955 | 8 | plant virus resistance breeding is difficult as resistance sources
rus resistance breeding is difficult as resistance sources are limited and because many resista ce sources are limited and because many resistance factors are monogenic, thus resistance can b resistance factors are monogenic, thus resistance can be broken easily. therefore, it would be able to incorporate a horizontal' virus resistance trait into major crops that could provide du all readthrough utilizing viruses. this resistance might be durable as to break it the gene exp to elaborate a novel, horizontal virus resistance system based on artificial reduction of read genic tobacco lines, and then the virus resistance of these plants will be tested. finally, if |
11869 | 9 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very sm uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very small, single celled organisms, y lab has demonstrated that the in situ community structure of these organisms is fairly comple s, the factors that dictate this global community structure are still poorly defined. this is i icate major domain shifts in planktonic ecosystems and by observing and interpreting their dist re fundamental understanding of how the environment of genes expressed in specific environments vironmental parameters that dictate the growth rate and yield of these organisms, information w |
11393 | 16 | is used worldwide for the management of vegetation, yet there is serious concern about the envi
for encouraging and maintaining heather growth will ai to: 1. increase understanding of the eff ffects of moorland patch burning on the hydrology and physicochemistry of peat, through examina through examination of changes in soil hydrology and water quality. 2. provide a better unders nation of river flow regimes, suspended sediment concentration and water chemistry. 3. assess t sess the influence of changes in stream hydrology, water quality and sediment fluxes on stream in stream hydrology, water quality and sediment fluxes on stream ecosystems through examinatio r quality and sediment fluxes on stream ecosystems through examination of stream invertebrate c ough examination of stream invertebrate community biodiversity and fish abundance 4. gain a mor tebrate community biodiversity and fish abundance 4. gain a more fundamental understanding of s environmental drivers of upland aquatic community response to burning by experimentally manipul ing by experimentally manipulating fine sediment flux under controlled conditions using a serie will provide a holistic patch- to basin-scale evaluation of burning from the perspective of pea rovide a holistic patch- to basin-scale evaluation of burning from the perspective of peat hydr of burning from the perspective of peat hydrology, chemistry, river water quantity and quality, water quantity and quality, and stream ecosystems, thus providing the balanced knowledge base |
12045 | 11 | heir ability to adapt and the impact of environmental change.s the role of these factors has be
s, environmental damage, or regarded as model pathogens. to obtain the widest possible view of se of biological data and a theoretical model was developed and analyzed in parallel. the role population genetics and phylogeny, the evaluation of biological traits and a theoretical appro netics and phylogeny, the evaluation of biological traits and a theoretical approach. the histo to allow the emergence of new diseases, biological traits were evaluated in controlled environm lent pathogens. the potential impact of environmental change have been studied in the case of t he emergence of forest diseases through modeling for linking climate change, forest density and t diseases through modeling for linking climate change, forest density and disease levels . sta ling for linking climate change, forest density and disease levels . statistical analysis were nderlying dispersal. we have shown that climate changes may favor emergences and that isease em |
7276 | 2 | ersity in species. we use a theoretical model based on physiological constraints, to generate h
e. to test these hypotheses, we measure functional traits on a collection of marine bacterial s |
15161 | 11 | ives mainly from the stimulation of the growth of belowground microbial population due to the a
hnology. most of the work will focus on nitrogen metabolism. to obtain new bacteria and archaea most of the work will focus on nitrogen metabolism. to obtain new bacteria and archaea isolates d wetlands. second- to use the emergent vegetation as an additional element to develop new meth of useful microorganisms targeting the nitrogen cycle. wetlands constitute real repositories o icroorganisms. this is due to the large heterogeneity of microenvironments that can be present ronments that can be present in a small scale. the major part of this bacterial diversity is co lant leaves, roots, decaying litter and sediment particles. surfaces allow the development of c sediment particles. surfaces allow the development of complex biofilms which will offer a high lms which will offer a higher degree of stability to the living bacteria. this diversity has be een the physiology of the plant and the metabolism of the prevailing bacteria. bacterial commun |
10734 | 6 | future danger both to human health and ecosystems. this great diversity of parasites is not im
of their mainly microscopic and hidden nature, which means that they cannot be easily seen or in all major animal lineages and in all environment types worldwide. currently over 1200 specie of uncovered species are present in the environment. we intend to sample freshwater, estuarine, ctors, for example season, latitude, or environment type are associated with high levels of div environments we can understand whether climate change or human movement by trade or travel has |
10597 | 10 | central highland resemble a wet desert environment where denuded soils harbour scant vegetatio
nment where denuded soils harbour scant vegetation. as such this is an island that is isolated ook at the molecular composition of the microbial community using standard techniques, for the determine identity and diversity of the community. in mature soils, molecular analysis has reve ted with extreme environments, e.g. low ph, high temperature. non-thermophilic crenarchaeota ar extreme environments, e.g. low ph, high temperature. non-thermophilic crenarchaeota are abundan logical characteristics. to assess soil function we will look at how these soils play a role in ese soils play a role in the cycling of nitrogen. by using 15n which has been incorporated into enous microorganisms will use this as a carbon substrate and break down this material. we can t n then track how the soil processes the nitrogen from the plant litter. instead of focussing on |
14693 | 4 | m of this subproject is to evaluate the recovery possibilities of some wild populations of the
low-up to evaluate the possibilities of recovery of wild population at a bigger scale. this stu recovery of wild population at a bigger scale. this study on seahorses is innovative in spain a udy will be of main value in the future recovery of wild populations of seahorses in spain. |
14270 | 1 | disrupters in water, suspended solids, sediment and biota and performs important policy suppor
|
10134 | 5 | al signalling is to be reliable, signal production or maintenance should be costly. in many spe
which testosterone influences parasite resistance are still little known, and we know even les offs between ornamentation and parasite resistance. with the proposed work, my aim is to unders the effects of key hormones on parasite resistance, thereby influencing levels of sexual orname e trade-offs between hormones, parasite resistance and sexual ornamentation. |
14843 | 4 | s that evolved via sexual selection and function in intra-sexual competition or mate choice. to
selection and function in intra-sexual competition or mate choice. to understand the evolution ition or mate choice. to understand the evolution and maintenance of these ornaments, we need t riation in immune response and parasite resistance, and influences the trade-offs between hormo |
11083 | 6 | able evidence suggests that net primary productivity of forest ecosystems declines with stand a
that net primary productivity of forest ecosystems declines with stand age. two question marks age. two question marks exist about the nature and the degree of this decline: a whether the de ether the decline is limited to the net growth of the aboveground organs . measurements of avai lable light, nutrient concentration and specific leaf area will be taken to scale branch-level and specific leaf area will be taken to scale branch-level measurements across age classes. in |
13762 | 2 | large-scale diebacks and declines caused by pathogenic fungi
tch elm disease new knowledge about the resistance mechanisms of ring-porous trees against wilt |
10452 | 1 | consistent long-term variation in chick growth rates and reproductive success. the second study
|
11024 | 14 | all living organisms: when it comes to predator-prey interactions, this involves predators dev
edator-prey interactions, this involves predators developing more effective means to catch prey y counteracts with new evasion tactics. energy is a primary limiting resource in most natural s most natural systems. to understand how energy budgets compel certain species to inhabit specif dentify a species that displays extreme energy requirements. within mammals, large predators of rgy requirements. within mammals, large predators often experience high energy costs while hunt , large predators often experience high energy costs while hunting and it is suggested that thi with abundant food sources and minimal competition. however, no study has yet attempted to mea , no study has yet attempted to measure energy expenditure in a large carnivore while simultane ll also be used to calculate a proxy of energy expenditure, known as overall dynamic body accel the energetics data and provide a fine-scale record of continuous activity. thus, individual a ividual activities and their associated energy costs will be elucidated to paint a complete pic paint a complete picture of the animals energy budgets. the study will provide valuable informa how carnivores in general manage their energy budgets. it will also demonstrate how the measur |
10816 | 4 | habitats. the most structurally complex environment on land must be the canopy of tropical rain
edictable changes in the continuity and nature of the supports available for locomotion. in thi ports available for locomotion. in this habitat, tree-living animals such as primates must cope otentially viable method for estimating energy expenditure during complex locomotion in large-b |
14655 | 4 | ect aims to study the variations in the energy storage levels of aquatic insects living under d
rent types and degrees of environmental stress. this will lead to the design of a system for de ng the level of pollution in freshwater ecosystems. in order to achieve this, we have developed ces of energetic reserve jointed to the metabolism of polysaccharides, lipids and proteins stud |
10661 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
10912 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11158 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11170 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11420 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11421 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11701 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
11702 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, and the potentia benefits to the environment, including climate change, and the potential to replace imported s otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, and water supply and water quality, the crea tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char acteristics, relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some systems interactions will tend h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied in future ects to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
9896 | 32 | renewable energy has recently received considerable media and pub
on because of perceived benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to benefits to the environment, including climate change, the potential to replace imported sourc otential to replace imported sources of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aes of energy, the possible impact on food production, and aesthetic issues related to the locatio tential sources of land-based renewable energy include bioenergy from forests, arable crops, en e bioenergy from forests, arable crops, energy crops and waste, solar heating and electricity, ectricity, ground-source heat, and wind-energy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources nergy. the spatial organisation of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy inf n of such energy sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-s y sources, together with energy demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a demand, energy infrastructure and other energy-sources within a particular landscape can be ter ndscape can be termed the energyscape . ecosystem services is a collective term to describe the we obtain from land and its associated ecosystems. they include the provision of food, fibre a food, fibre and fuel, the regulation of nutrients, water supply and water quality, the creation tain our supporting infrastructure. the development and use of land-based renewable energy reso lopment and use of land-based renewable energy resources will have both negative and positive i ic understanding of the energyscape and ecosystem services could help guide the deployment of l try and urban land. it is the site of a community forest and there is local interest in renewab nd there is local interest in renewable energy. working with national and local stakeholder gro l identify the key sources of renewable energy within the study area and the key ecosystem serv nergy within the study area and the key ecosystem services likely to be affected by the develop m services likely to be affected by the development of land-based renewables. using spatial dat cription of the energyscape and the key ecosystem services for the study area. because some mod and based renewables. because renewable energy sources have different spatial and temporal char racteristics relative to the demand for energy, the outputs will not be simply additive. simila re will be complex interactions between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and between energy generation and different ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. ent ecosystem services, and amongst the ecosystem services. some interactions will be antagonis h will be limited to the renewables and ecosystems of a specific area, can be applied to other lied to other regions and at a national spatial scale in future research projects. to validate pproach, we will submit papers for peer review, seeking to get them published in high-impact sc |
12644 | 4 | ing arrangements for the enforcement of nature conservation legislation in the marine environme
conservation legislation in the marine environment, in particular considering if and how exist ing arrangements, realise synergies and efficiency savings to improve enforcement. options of h tlined. the resulting report provides a review of the existing enforcement arrangements and gen |
12478 | 13 | nment policies that protect the natural environment are diverse and do not fully integrate to p
for the many functions and services the environment provides to mankind. if we are to achieve s ainable patterns of economic and social development, and therefore meet the goals set by both t y both the uks strategy for sustainable development and agreements made at the european scale f ent and agreements made at the european scale following the göteborg summit in 2001, then a dif 01, then a different approach to policy development and implementation needs to be adopted. the ions international work programme, the ‘millennium ecosystem assessment, not only recognised th ecisions must also take into account an ecosystem-based approach can be developed. we will = ent evidence base to identify trends in ecosystems and the services they provide  ident ethod of demonstrating the health of an ecosystem and how the concepts of valuation and critica the concepts of valuation and critical thresholds and limits can be incorporated  reco rporated  recommend whether the ecosystem approach is appropriate and sufficiently robu imately protect and enhance the natural environment ensuring it can continue to provide the ben |
14839 | 3 | tic stresses by altering their cellular metabolism and invoking various defense mechanisms. sur
ate biochemical changes that adjust the metabolism accordingly. various agents such as ros, sal taminated areas before the beginning of mining activities will be produced using micropropagati |
7472 | 4 | the project corpus - enhancing connectivity between research and policymaking in susta
nge, information provision, and offline community-building. since community-building is crucial , and offline community-building. since community-building is crucial for successful and ongoin ent theory. related to that, a built-in evaluation further enhances continued learning on the k |
7488 | 6 | n important alternative to conventional energy sources to reduce europe s dependence on fossil
l fuels. trees are attractive dedicated energy crops because they display a wide range of growt ps because they display a wide range of growth habits and can be grown on marginal lands unsuit d to other agricultural crops including energy grasses, with reduced input costs and optimised lar is designed to develop domesticated energy poplars having both desirable cell-wall traits a poplars having both desirable cell-wall traits and high biomass yield under sustainable low-inp |
10487 | 1 | increased food production is widely considered to be a fundamental ste
|
9885 | 1 | increased food production is widely considered to be a fundamental ste
|
462 | 1 | trong endemic biodiversity, contrasting climate conditions and important alterations of habitat
|
12497 | 2 | the environment change network at the centre for ecology an
e network at the centre for ecology and hydrology. |
12503 | 4 | the environmental change network platforms, at which shorte
ional monitoring are encouraged to test environmental change hypotheses that may have been gene to conserve or enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services, the ecn provides unique national ca e character, causes and consequences of environmental change within the uk. the five key projec |
15359 | 20 | the coralligenous community is one of the most characteristic of mediterr
anean communities. in recent years mass mortality events have severely affected the community i ality events have severely affected the community in the nw mediterranean, especially the popul nians and sponges. the link between sea warming and mass mortality events supports the current . the link between sea warming and mass mortality events supports the current trend of increasi t trend of increasing frequency of mass mortality events. our current understanding of the even rocesses and mechanisms underlying mass mortality events. determining whether mass mortalities g-term persistence of the coralligenous community requires the ability to predict future events major and unique characteristic of mass mortality events in coralligenous communities is the dr ies is the dramatic increase in partial mortality that clonal animals such as gorgonians and sp he proposed work will address causes of mortality and the recovery capacity of the organisms. t ill address causes of mortality and the recovery capacity of the organisms. to date it is unkno y link climatic anomalies with the mass mortality of gorgonians and sponges colonial mixotrophs ing the natural variability in pumping, respiration and metabolism and the role of microbial sy variability in pumping, respiration and metabolism and the role of microbial symbionts in spong e role of microbial symbionts in sponge metabolism. a better understanding of these topics will e causes and mechanisms underlying mass mortality events. obtaining such understanding should a predict future impact on other species, functional groups, structural processes and ecosystems tional groups, structural processes and ecosystems that at present have not been affected. sinc t present have not been affected. since global change is expected to exacerbate in the near fut |
6906 | 1 | nosae, which have essential role in the nitrogen cycle of the life and in agriculture as well.
|
13950 | 3 | acoustico-lateralis in teleost fishes. growth increments are deposited daily in juveniles, and
er master thesis doing pilot studies of stable isotopes in otoliths, with promising results. sh cod stock identification and silver eel recruitment. |
10677 | 2 | y of this event, and recently developed climate models has been largely elucidated from studies
e setting, test hypotheses of biosphere-climate interactions as a cause of mass extinction and |
10995 | 3 | the evolution of sociality is one of the major transitions
factors such as latitude, altitude and habitat features. yet the extent to which differences a esearch will use a combination of large-scale manipulative field experiments and molecular gene |
11053 | 3 | the evolution of sociality is one of the major transitions
factors such as latitude, altitude and habitat features. yet the extent to which differences a esearch will use a combination of large-scale manipulative field experiments and molecular gene |
11787 | 3 | the evolution of sociality is one of the major transitions
factors such as latitude, altitude and habitat features. yet the extent to which differences a esearch will use a combination of large-scale manipulative field experiments and molecular gene |
11091 | 6 | posed to investigate patterns of muscle growth in the four morphs of arctic charr found in lake
n environmental conditions during early development and muscle satellite cell numbers and fibre muscle satellite cell numbers and fibre recruitment patterns will be investigated in laboratory f phenotypic plasticity in muscle fibre recruitment between morphs, reflecting the stability of ruitment between morphs, reflecting the stability of environmental conditions during early deve f environmental conditions during early development. |
12305 | 7 | ised environmental concerns relating to land use change and, specifically, the release of carbo
hange and, specifically, the release of carbon from cropping of high carbon stock soils. althou release of carbon from cropping of high carbon stock soils. although co-products currently used tibility, inefficient uptake of dietary nutrients, reduced livestock performance and increased performance and increased emissions of methane, nitrous oxide, ammonia, nitrate and phosphate. ons of methane, nitrous oxide, ammonia, nitrate and phosphate. distillers dried grains with sol bles , and enhancing home-grown protein production, 6. ensure effective knowledge transfer of r |
7107 | 5 | ocal scales at european level. regional nature parks have a special place in this issue because
al place in this issue because of their function, but the regions are concerned increasingly to and work on projects and parks charter review. the research team formed around the caren inclu kground in landscape ecology, including connectivity, remote sensing, landscape management by f dscape ecology, including connectivity, remote sensing, landscape management by farmers and var |
13599 | 5 | d knowledge of how genetic variation in traits of adaptive significance is maintained in natura
he perennial herb primula farinosa as a model system to explore the relationship between geneti p between genetic variation in adaptive traits and population viability in a changing environme and population viability in a changing environment. combining demographic studies in permanent val in landscapes subject to changes in climate and land use. based on the results, we will for |
11161 | 1 | summary global atmospheric carbon dioxide levels .
|
14664 | 4 | l seeks to understand the environmental evolution by means of lacustrine sedimentary records in
ques and methods will be applied to the sediment studies; mineralogical, chemical and biochemic s two reference intervals: medieval age warming and the little ice age, which have been well hi ntal variability, mainly related to the precipitation regime and land uses. paleoecological and |
12286 | 4 | the environmental change network is to protect and improve
e network is to protect and improve the environment, and to integrate the environment with othe e the environment, and to integrate the environment with other policies across government and i rove the understanding of the causes of environmental change. there are currently 57 ecn sites, |
14922 | 14 | rganisms use environmental cues, mainly temperature and photoperiod, which correlate with futur
e-cycle events, such as reproduction or migration in birds. increasing evidence suggests that e tal conditions may have consequences on distribution, breeding phenology and life histories of consequences on distribution, breeding phenology and life histories of birds. however, the ove urrently available in the mediterranean ecosystems . the observed changes cannot be interpreted especially how other components of the ecosystem are affected by climate change. in the presen onents of the ecosystem are affected by climate change. in the present project, variations in l . in the present project, variations in life history traits of some bird species are examined i ent project, variations in life history traits of some bird species are examined in relation to onmental fluctuations at a temporal and spatial scale in several small- and large-sized birds i and large-sized birds in mediterranean ecosystems. our main aims are to study the:1. effects o itions and local change on life-history traits of small- and large-sized birds in the iberian p rian peninsula with special emphasis on population dynamics.2. effects of environmental conditi fferent trophic levels in mediterranean ecosystems. |
15417 | 6 | along with the global temperature rise, taking place as a consequence of gree
as a consequence of greenhouse effect, precipitation also shows spatio-temporal changes. model ion also shows spatio-temporal changes. modelling the potential impacts that these changes woul anges would have on available water for ecosystems represents a challenge for actual ecology sc n easy task, as models relating primary productivity with precipitation are different in space dels relating primary productivity with precipitation are different in space and time. these di |
11853 | 17 | ces in food availability that depend on habitat quality. traits closely related to fitness, suc
ability that depend on habitat quality. traits closely related to fitness, such as those involv particularly sensitive to environmental stress; an animal that develops in a low quality enviro n animal that develops in a low quality environment is likely to grow poorly and suffer from re election, the success of individuals in competition for mates. male sexual ornaments and female gher quality individuals. environmental stress has negative effects on the average expression o sh environments. however, environmental stress also tends to amplify . females prefer to join a le eyespans decrease, on average, under stress, and females, on average, become less choosy. ho ess choosy. however, males reared under stress become more variable in their eyespans; some are is true for preference in females under stress; some show strong preferences for large eyespan iscriminatory. i will look at how local habitat quality influences sexual selection using a ser aysia. i will ask whether environmental stress affects mating behaviour and the distribution of stress affects mating behaviour and the distribution of reproductive success among individuals viour. for instance, does environmental stress result in changes in the size and composition of ifferent mates before choosing how does habitat quality influence a male s likelihood of gainin iet quality to create varying levels of stress. such findings will allow me to test how the str rences is dependent on variation in the environment in one of the most charismatic species exhi |
7701 | 25 | animal production are a major component of the agricultural se
of the world. they are to an important development to meet the growing demand in the southern vestock systems and in the future, this development raises questions about externalities and in induced effects. especially in light of climate change, the contribution of livestock activitie ribution of livestock activities in the production of greenhouse gases is widely highlighted. a in poor economies is very important. . energy flow, carbon and nitrogen can provide interestin omies is very important. . energy flow, carbon and nitrogen can provide interesting indicators ry important. . energy flow, carbon and nitrogen can provide interesting indicators in the glob on and nitrogen can provide interesting indicators in the global understanding of sustainable f iversity of individual practices a high efficiency diversity on the different technical indicat cy diversity on the different technical indicators, energy, economic, environmental or social t on the different technical indicators, energy, economic, environmental or social that can be s ronmental or social that can be set. by efficiency is meant the multiple des'objectifs achieved farming systems inter and intra system efficiency for large animal production. research projec ntra system efficiency for large animal production. research project progress margins contained ions and best contribute to sustainable development. by focusing on the flow of carbon and ener development. by focusing on the flow of carbon and energy in livestock farming of ruminants and . by focusing on the flow of carbon and energy in livestock farming of ruminants and through me ical locations in the uses of renewable energy and non-renewable , to tropical conditions to co ation models of the emission of ges and carbon stock and 3 - stream nitrogen, to develop energy of ges and carbon stock and 3 - stream nitrogen, to develop energy indicators used to describe ock and 3 - stream nitrogen, to develop energy indicators used to describe systems at different 3 - stream nitrogen, to develop energy indicators used to describe systems at different scales o compare systems, and explore based on modeling innovations and sustainable improvements in ef vations and sustainable improvements in efficiency systems |
10462 | 2 | physiological techniques to define the function of these systems in relation to osmotic change
s in relation to osmotic changes in the environment. the results will provide a more complete p |
11747 | 4 | calcareous soils will contribute to the development of strategies to maintain the biodiversity
in the biodiversity of these vulnerable ecosystems. we will test the hypothesis that adaptation othesis that adaptation to a calcareous environment reflects altered patterns of gene expressio d determine the impact of environmental stress on their expression and on the calcicole phenoty |
13970 | 7 | gene level forms the foundation for all evolution and represents the basic unit of biodiversity
dividuals without any obvious extrinsic migration barriers. few have, however, addressed the un such structures, such as environmental heterogeneity over the species distribution. the aim of onmental heterogeneity over the species distribution. the aim of this project is to identify ma gradients, life-history variability and heterogeneity in fish community structure with barriers y variability and heterogeneity in fish community structure with barriers to gene flow, and wil e factors of importance for the spatial distribution of coastal fish populations. |
7037 | 8 | sector in the economy, as both food and energy needs had to be served. during the 16th. to the
o sustain control over the agricultural production. such tools were maps, registers with topogr m a complete analysis of the total agro-ecosystem in question. thus a whole seigniorial estate where natural boundaries define an agro-ecosystem distinct from others under the same persons r interdisciplinary study on population, production and agro-ecosystem as the three basic factor tudy on population, production and agro-ecosystem as the three basic factors of the development ystem as the three basic factors of the development of cultural landscape. the historical study ia will be used for further comparative evaluation. the material will be published in a wide ra |
15444 | 4 | actual knowledge about the structure of food webs: 1 food webs are short and wide; and 2 the le
dge about the structure of food webs: 1 food webs are short and wide; and 2 the length of food on of the importance of system size and connectivity. section ii determines the effect of colon ty. section ii determines the effect of colonization. finally, section iii analyzes the importa |
14971 | 9 | n the face of the change of the current climate. the general objetive of climhaya is to improve
is one of the sowthermost limits in the distribution of the species in europe: the beechwood of factors on functional and morphological traits. we try to analyze the role of the light and wat the performance of seelings during the recruitment in the regeneration phase. task 1. to estab hree populations in response to a water stress cycle. task 6. to evaluate thermotolerance in pl nvironmental conditions. objetive 3: to model the carbon balance of beech seedlings in response al conditions. objetive 3: to model the carbon balance of beech seedlings in response to hydric jetive 4. to establish the existence of growth limitations due to extreme climatic events or un ees. task 8. annual and daily secondary growth will be recorded in mature beech trees under two |
7309 | 9 | tive of this exploratory project is the development, validation and application of mathematical
cations of bde with large, there is the modeling of earthquakes and gene networks, as well as s eraction between the variability of the environment and the human activities acting on the natu and the human activities acting on the nature. very interesting outcomes of this study seem to e context of integrated environmental - modeling companies, regionally. we propose the applicat the complex problems of this integrated modeling. this application will be closely integrated w ion will be closely integrated with the modeling studies pursued by m. patrick dumas in the par gion network of research on sustainable development and broader collaboration between the cired ormale superieure school, http: // www. environment. us. en / |
10945 | 7 | vironmental factors modify such plastic traits or what the cost implications of such modificati
ce that is altered by environmental and predation chemical cues, as a model. two, sequential ex ental and predation chemical cues, as a model. two, sequential experiments will be performed: t be performed: the first will gauge when predation resistance in shells of lymnaea peregra is si ed: the first will gauge when predation resistance in shells of lymnaea peregra is significantl increases in shell strength induced by predation cues and whether there are associated trade o ssociated trade offs with behaviour and growth. together, these studies will provide essential |
10592 | 9 | hs are key microorganisms in the global methane cycle. this grant will investigate which type o
is grant will investigate which type of methane monooxygenase enzyme is the most important for genase enzyme is the most important for methane oxidation in the environment using molecular te important for methane oxidation in the environment using molecular techniques such as stable i e will test the hypothesis that soluble methane monooxygenase is important in cycling carbon in e monooxygenase is important in cycling carbon in environments where there are high concentrati where there are high concentrations of methane. we will investigate methanotroph activity, pop ctivity of both particulate and soluble methane monooxygenases, key enzymes in the global carbo nooxygenases, key enzymes in the global carbon cycle. |
7306 | 11 | ity. moreover, globally, the decline in soil carbon stocks is likely to accelerate global warmi
n stocks is likely to accelerate global warming. - evaluate, using the model, the impact of dif e global warming. - evaluate, using the model, the impact of different farming systems on the f ming systems on the functioning of agro-ecosystem. it is used for a number of indicators of the o-ecosystem. it is used for a number of indicators of the functioning of a agrosystem. . these he functioning of a agrosystem. . these indicators are particularly valuable because they provi ide information on both the utilization efficiency of expensive resources and the ability of a ve sustainable cropping systems, from a model inversion. we seek to characterize all cropping s with some sustainability constraints on model output. expected - selection and calibration of t cted - selection and calibration of the model - predicting the impacts of different farming sys nnovative cropping systems by inversion model |
7200 | 3 | es into account not only the productive function of ecosystems through agriculture, traditional
unt not only the productive function of ecosystems through agriculture, traditionally understoo fective consideration of the concept of environmental services in the new public action in rura |
14150 | 8 | niversal characteristic of quantitative traits. the relative role of different mechanisms deter
nces form the raw material for adaptive evolution. life-history traits are of special interest al for adaptive evolution. life-history traits are of special interest in this context because are variances in different life-history traits between males and females of the same species. m ame species. moreover, comparing within-environment variance in environments with predictably d ypic variance of different life-history traits in field conditions. here, we will focus on the of phenotypic variance to gradients of temperature and humidity as these are of special intere terest in the context of ongoing global warming. |
12184 | 2 | . this study will consider whether some climate change mitigation methods would be more suited
ll consider whether some climate change mitigation methods would be more suited to implementati |
11593 | 8 | rine biodiversity, providing invaluable ecosystem services as millions of people are economical
anthropogenic stressors such as global warming and ocean acidification might result in a drama l reefs within this century. increasing stress for marine organisms is expected in response to ng seawater temperatures and decreasing ph. the future of coral reefs is strongly dependent on defined by their capacity to evolve new traits or to regulate the expression of existing genes. ion of existing genes. however, current climate change happens over an unprecedented short peri venting an adaptation of reef corals by evolution of new traits. consequently, their main strat tion of reef corals by evolution of new traits. consequently, their main strategy for survival |
7221 | 1 | weather conditions and major changes in habitat due to increasing anthropogenic activities. anc
|
11643 | 5 | search has shown that a great continent-scale ice cap on east antarctica first appeared about 3
ice cap, and the major change in global climate that accompanied it, are currently under debate another , might have cause sea surface temperature reduction in the tropics, but at present th al cooling are not known. the amount of temperature change will allow us to distinguish between utstanding questions about this ancient climate change event. |
7017 | 8 | e of biodiversity is a central theme of community ecology. however, how biodiversity is regulat
regulated, and how biodiversity impacts ecosystem functioning, is still unclear. this is partic no ciliates in order to open patches to colonization. both the scale and frequency of disturban open patches to colonization. both the scale and frequency of disturbance will be experimental osal will increase understanding of how competition, predation and disturbance influence divers rease understanding of how competition, predation and disturbance influence diversity and bioma nfluence diversity and biomass when the environment consists of linked patches. moreover, bette er, better understanding of the role of spatial heterogeneity is essential to understanding ben |
15228 | 1 | mois and domestic livestock sharing its habitat, both in the pyrenees and the cantabrian mounta
|
13319 | 3 | l organise a workshop on the effects of precipitation change on terrestrial ecosystems in order
of precipitation change on terrestrial ecosystems in order to bring together international res al research groups and experiences from precipitation related research.the ultimate goal of the |
12536 | 9 | ers allowing greater time for prolonged growth periods. the combination of more favourable clim
ods. the combination of more favourable climate and introduced species and hybrids has lead to igh risk to the integrity of uk aquatic ecosystems. the aim of any non-native invasive weed con ved. l. grandiflora exhibits very rapid growth rates, growing in water up to 3 m deep, reaching 1 m above the water surface. the rapid growth rates are responsible for complete coverage of a of 83 hectares a year. these excessive growth rates are not yet observed in the uk, with domin es are not yet observed in the uk, with dominance of only one site being reported to date. howe to date. however, we expect to see such growth and establishment rates in the near future and w d will also reduce pesticide use in the environment by improving efficacy of single applicartio |
14375 | 19 | d, leaders are increasingly recognizing ecosystems as natural capital assets that supply life-s
increasingly recognizing ecosystems as natural capital assets that supply life-support service that supply life-support services, i.e. ecosystem services, of tremendous value, e.g. water pur dous value, e.g. water purification and carbon sequestration. in 1997, the work by defined the 997, the work by defined the concept of ecosystem services as the representation of goods and s tion of goods and services derived from ecosystem functions. since then, increased scientific e as been put into further understanding, mapping, modelling and valuation of ecosystem functioni ut into further understanding, mapping, modelling and valuation of ecosystem functioning and se ng, mapping, modelling and valuation of ecosystem functioning and services. in 2005, the millen functioning and services. in 2005, the millennium ecosystem assessment provided another boost boost by documenting the importance of ecosystem services to human well-being and showing that the importance of ecosystem services to human well-being and showing that continued supply of t tists and policy makers, the science of ecosystem service mapping is still a key front in which akers, the science of ecosystem service mapping is still a key front in which advances are requ ulating services. two key challenges of ecosystem services primary production and climate regul hallenges of ecosystem services primary production and climate regulation, more specifically: c osystem services primary production and climate regulation, more specifically: carbon sequestra climate regulation, more specifically: carbon sequestration in ecosystems e specifically: carbon sequestration in ecosystems |
11399 | 7 | ecological monitoring site to study the colonization of volcanic lava flows over time, to under
lava flows over time, to understand the development of a carbon cycle in newly formed rocks and ime, to understand the development of a carbon cycle in newly formed rocks and the early proces olcanic rocks, which account for 30% of carbon dioxide drawdown from the atmosphere each year t ce of events for the establishment of a carbon cycle and active microbial communities on volcan w to long-term monitoring of the biotic community on the flows. this work will yield new scient scientific insights into volcanic rock colonization and new defined protocols and technical in |
7246 | 2 | ater discharges and rain on the natural environment * interactions stormwater controls and the
ological models in urban areas, and the development of aid to the understanding and management |
7157 | 6 | a database accessible to the scientific community. observation medium and long term changes in
ed to understand the response of marine ecosystems to both the natural constraints of the envir to both the natural constraints of the environment and human impacts. it is obviously the case e will of the laboratory to observe the evolution in the medium and long-term interaction betwe f species present in six representative ecosystems in which we will identify the major species ify the major species likely to be good indicators of environmental disturbance, but also a bac |
14435 | 1 | entre of excellence in biodiversity and ecosystem research about the biodiversity of bulgaria.
|
9804 | 1 | ns of importance to biologists studying evolution.
|
12330 | 1 | creation as an indirect result of agri-environment expenditure. this will help us understand t
|
9875 | 5 | ure. developed countries have seen huge growth in organic farming over the last 20 years owing,
owing, to a large extent, to consumers perceptions of the perceived environmental benefits of organic farming could deliver important ecosystem services, including higher pollinator abundan m services, including higher pollinator abundance and cleaner waterways. many studies have comp a conflict between demand for increased production and awareness of the environmental need for |
6769 | 5 | rotate around a longitudinal axis. the development of this event depends on the relation betwe
based on this theoretical approach the development of the idiopathic scoliosis is supposed to lity and the decrease of its mechanical resistance are postulated as a contributing factor in t bed as follows: measurement of the bone density in the lumbar spine, serum and urine laboratory ry measurements to investigate the bone metabolism, bone histomorphometry. curve measurements w |
12331 | 4 | ponse to a specification for an initial evaluation of the influence of etip on option selection
d that this will be part of the initial evaluation. in addition there will be an evaluation of valuation. in addition there will be an evaluation of the content of the etip programme but, ag in, this will not be the focus for this evaluation. |
6894 | 4 | research are connected with technology development in this project with the aim of developing
ctice. as a result, the quality of agri-environment and biodiversity improves, there will be a ecial emphasis is given to research and development of new pest-forecasting and monitoring tech rotection methods are favoured, such as resistance breeding. |
13320 | 4 | st important objectives of the european community biodiversity strategy. despite of considerabl
ring schemes of species and habitats of community interests. the most successful methods in ter states for the species and habitats of community interests living under their protection. for sts, policy makers, decision makers and nature conservators on eu, national and regional levels |
12547 | 2 | the euphresco is insulated from the air temperature as measured by weather stations. to date, n
corporate this insulating effect on the development rate of anoplophora spp. therefore the biol |
13321 | 3 | n of european research organisations on global change and pelagic marine ecosystems, and to dev
ons on global change and pelagic marine ecosystems, and to develop models for assessing and for ssessing and forecasting the impacts of climate and anthropogenic forcing on food-web dynamics |
13322 | 20 | freshwater ecosystems, under stress from land-use change and pollu
freshwater ecosystems, under stress from land-use change and pollution, face additio reshwater ecosystems, under stress from land-use change and pollution, face additional pressure llution, face additional pressures from climate change, directly and through interaction with o supports the eus charter on sustainable development. the project comprises a consortium of lead ts to integrate river, lake and wetland ecosystem science at the catchment scale. it focuses on land ecosystem science at the catchment scale. it focuses on the key drivers of aquatic ecosyst t focuses on the key drivers of aquatic ecosystem change years/decades, concerned with ecologic se to environmental pressure, including stress reduction and ecosystem recovery. an innovative ressure, including stress reduction and ecosystem recovery. an innovative toolkit for integrate ncluding stress reduction and ecosystem recovery. an innovative toolkit for integrated catchmen t for integrated catchment analysis and modelling will be developed to simulate hydrological, h d ecological processes at the catchment scale for use in assessing the potential impact of glob se in assessing the potential impact of global change under different climate and socio-economi impact of global change under different climate and socio-economic scenarios. a unified system economic scenarios. a unified system of ecological indicators for monitoring freshwater ecosyst al indicators for monitoring freshwater ecosystem health, and new methods for defining referenc account the probable impacts of future climate change and the need for a holistic approach to listic approach to restoration based on habitat connectivity. pproach to restoration based on habitat connectivity. |
2517 | 9 | crobes are the catalysts and drivers of ecosystems on earth. despite their importance environme
ed by the inherent problem of assigning microbial activity to species identity. this knowledge blem of assigning microbial activity to species identity. this knowledge is currently lacking i considering the challenges that global, ecosystems are facing. the mecomecon project proposes m facing. the mecomecon project proposes methane-oxidizing bacteria in the set of habitats and d bances will be implemented in a process model incorporating microbial traits in order to predic a process model incorporating microbial traits in order to predict response to disturbance from to predict response to disturbance from community composition. the latter is of importance for s or consumption in natural and managed ecosystems. the european research consortium synergises |
2516 | 11 | one-carbon compounds such as methane and methanol are attra
one-carbon compounds such as methane and methanol are attractive, non-food and low-c l are attractive, non-food and low-cost carbon and energy sources for microbial bioprocesses, w ctive, non-food and low-cost carbon and energy sources for microbial bioprocesses, which can be trophs. research efforts with different model strains revealed that methylotrophy consists of a s that are ultimately linked to central metabolism. in the different phylogenetic groups of kno ion of the reduced c1 source to co2 for energy generation, and c1 assimilation with or without rial c1 conversion; in consequence, the metabolism of this toxic compound must be very efficien knowledge from different methylotrophic model organisms, e.g. bacillus methanolicus and methylo we will define - by means of in silico modelling - ideal combinations and minimal sets of modu new modular platform for methanol-based production of bulk chemicals. |
7011 | 6 | while the biodiversity ecosystem functiong by successively adding complexity f
system functiong by successively adding complexity from biofilm surface topography, dispersal, cs and quorum sensing, and by comparing model predictions with the experimental observations. u nk nitrifier biodiversity in streams to nitrogen cycling and export to larger downstream ecosys cycling and export to larger downstream ecosystems. comix will significantly contribute to brid iolgy and ecology, advance mathematical modelling in microbial ecology across scales, and will |
9878 | 6 | 000. furthermore, the impacts of global climate change on beech forest ecosystems are assessed.
f global climate change on beech forest ecosystems are assessed. field studies will be used to ts as well as to evaluate the impact of climate change on beech growth across its range. the ec e the impact of climate change on beech growth across its range. the ecological and management ce strategies of natura 2000 areas, the ecosystem services provided by beech forests and market ope, and valuation and marketing of the environmental services beech forests can provide. the r |
483 | 2 | , wp3 is going to initiate an iterative evaluation process with participation of political and
te an iterative evaluation process with participation of political and scientific stakeholders, |
7454 | 2 | d eo. there are three requirements: the production of protocols to enable extant data to be pla
can generate appropriate strategies for mitigation. the present consortium has a major advantag |
2041 | 6 | inter disciplinary, legally-oriented review and assessment of european community common fish
ented review and assessment of european community common fisheries policies vis-à-vis developin e use of marine resources and promoting development, building on biological and economic data a the coherence of european fisheries and development policies. analysis and critical evaluation lopment policies. analysis and critical evaluation of main legal instruments, including multila waters of third states from sustainable development perspectives. |
7452 | 8 | ogical role in many european countries. recruitment failure has contributed to a halving of cat
o less than 20,000t today. the eu s eel recovery plan aims to maximize silver eel production an covery plan aims to maximize silver eel production and escapement to the sea to maintain the st nt european river systems to successful recruitment because almost nothing is known about the l of european eels during their spawning migration. archival tags that detach from their eel hos via satellite will be used to determine migration routes, migration success and habitat prefere be used to determine migration routes, migration success and habitat preferences of different migration routes, migration success and habitat preferences of different stock components. |
7456 | 3 | at scales ranging from sub-cellular, to ecosystem and from local to global. it will also assess
f co2 emissions required to avoid these thresholds and describe the state change and the subseq e and the subsequent risk to the marine environment and earth system should these emissions be |
7242 | 9 | the general objective is to develop new food web analysis approaches to understanding our abili
rstanding our ability to manage aquatic ecosystems in a sustainable way, including the fight ag ainst major disruptions affecting these ecosystems. this is particularly detailed analysis of t ly detailed analysis of the response of food webs in the context of environmental technology ap of communities or organizations and the development of harmful species for ecosystem functionin the development of harmful species for ecosystem functioning, focusing as much as possible the oning, focusing as much as possible the scale of the ecosystem and integrated approaches, coupl ng as much as possible the scale of the ecosystem and integrated approaches, coupling long-term ons for the management of water and the development of ecological engineering |
13784 | 17 | the aim is to elucidate if high productivity in aquatic systems leads to increased abun
y in aquatic systems leads to increased abundance of predation resistant and potentially pathog systems leads to increased abundance of predation resistant and potentially pathogenic bacteria r probes for f. tularensis to study its distribution in natural waters in an emerging tularemia ors, e.g. nutrient status and protozoan abundance, governing the occurrence of the bacterium. w r intend to study occurrence of general predation-resistance in bacteria in the same productivi o study occurrence of general predation-resistance in bacteria in the same productivity gradien tion-resistance in bacteria in the same productivity gradient, by performing transplantation ex ural lake water including the microbial food web and mosquito larvae as top predator. the coupl ial food web and mosquito larvae as top predator. the coupling between bacterial predation-resi redator. the coupling between bacterial predation-resistance and pathogenicity will be approach he coupling between bacterial predation-resistance and pathogenicity will be approached by comp d by comparing molecular mechanisms for predation-resistance in protozoa and human macrophages, ring molecular mechanisms for predation-resistance in protozoa and human macrophages, and by st ing can induce a simultaneous increased resistance to degradation by protozoa and human macroph l aquatic systems with a high protozoan predation-pressure constitute a biological gym for the ure constitute a biological gym for the evolution of pathogenic bacteria. |
10354 | 13 | both climate change and tropical deforestation have regularl
e wider media and within the scientific community. for example, remaining virgin tropical fores , we now know that human impacts on the environment, such as rising air temperatures, affect ev will continue to rise, and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations will reach levels unprece ements available to evaluate changes in growth, recruitment, mortality rates across africa. a n vailable to evaluate changes in growth, recruitment, mortality rates across africa. a new inves valuate changes in growth, recruitment, mortality rates across africa. a new investigators awar ing collecting missing data on relevant plant functional traits, alongside novel analytical tec ill surviving tropical forests remain a carbon sink - currently equivalent to ~15% of global ca currently equivalent to ~15% of global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel use - or will nd other changes cause them to become a carbon source with the potential to increase the rate a l to increase the rate and magnitude of climate change secondly, as tropical forests house more nd where changes in the composition and carbon balance of tropical forests are occurring will p |
12220 | 28 | as defra moves towards evidence-based development of policy, there is a need to integrate inf
2005, the surplus report suggested that ecosystem scale modelling might be a potential approach surplus report suggested that ecosystem scale modelling might be a potential approach that coul s report suggested that ecosystem scale modelling might be a potential approach that could be u approach that could be used to aid the development of policy by predicting the impacts of poli e done to enable the prediction, at the ecosystem level, of the impacts of changes in farming s determine whether it is feasible to use ecosystem scale modelling to answer policy questions an whether it is feasible to use ecosystem scale modelling to answer policy questions and to predi r it is feasible to use ecosystem scale modelling to answer policy questions and to predict the that must be met in the future and the scale at which the models will need to operate. an expe and indicate criteria against which the ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be judged. si te criteria against which the ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be judged. since change teria against which the ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be judged. since changes in f agement are likely to alter patterns of vegetation within the landcape, the project team will n m will need to identify features of the environment which have the greatest impact on biodivers bird populations. by understanding how vegetation pattern and land-use affect biodiversity, it be possible to assess and evaluate both ecosystem scale models and land management models for t e to assess and evaluate both ecosystem scale models and land management models for their abili strengths and weaknesses of particular ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be determined and weaknesses of particular ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be determined. the pote eaknesses of particular ecosystem scale modelling approaches will be determined. the potential across the range of scales at which the ecosystem scale models are required to operate will als range of scales at which the ecosystem scale models are required to operate will also be evalu riorities for future research to enable ecosystem scale modelling to be used to develop future for future research to enable ecosystem scale modelling to be used to develop future policy in ture research to enable ecosystem scale modelling to be used to develop future policy in relati proaches are appropriate for predicting ecosystem impacts of changes to farming systems and lan d land management in relation to policy development. |
10336 | 8 | s and can absorb as much as 68% of wave energy on a low tide and up to 77% on a high tide. in t
over of boulder corals and evidence of sediment covering coral surfaces. to accurately measure erview of potential damage and the time-scale for recovery of reefs over a wide area. in additi potential damage and the time-scale for recovery of reefs over a wide area. in addition we plan easuring physical variables such as sea temperature and light levels which were destroyed. thes l for improved interpretation of global climate change effects on coral reefs e.g bleaching or g bleaching or loss of coral colour / a stress response of corals due to the combined effects o e to the combined effects of high water temperature and sunlight . |
12444 | 4 | esent day and explore changes in larval abundance, distribution, timing and size in relation to
nd explore changes in larval abundance, distribution, timing and size in relation to environmen ibution, timing and size in relation to environment, plankton and adult fish. evaluate how diff ding and take account of the impacts of environmental change on commercial fish stocks. the pro |
13768 | 5 | habitat loss is a great threat to biodiversity. still m
its response to different scenarios of climate change. t. opacus will be surveyed on hollow oa ise a spatially explicit metapopulation model based on presence/absence data for this species, ulations in oak landscapes with varying density and quality of hollow oaks. i will also evaluat troductions, and different scenarios of climate change. |
10358 | 6 | major losses in crop productivity occur as a result of pest attack. these ca
y artificially inducing the plant s own resistance mechanisms. this project will explore the co tial of a novel method of inducing pest resistance using a natural plant product that would neg method provides robust and medium-term resistance in a particular plant-pest interaction in a cally important pests, to determine the scale, life-span and applicability of the technology, a rent feeding strategies to those of the model for which we currently have data. |
12771 | 1 | the humaneness of these rodenticides. a review of the literature on analgesics has identified m
|
12325 | 1 | y discrimination act . in addition, the evaluation will include recommended criteria to be used
|
13373 | 2 | -morphologic, molecular and biochemical traits and markers. for this reason, totally 3500 popul
identified by using 21 agro-morphologic traits during the last three years. turkish barley germ |
14597 | 5 | the factors involved, and the long-term evaluation. the general goals of this project are to ev
introduced species response. from that evaluation, simple environmental indicators of restorat m that evaluation, simple environmental indicators of restoration potential will be selected an ical approach lies on the comprehensive evaluation of 66 experimental plots, already establishe of previous research projects, and the evaluation of a number of restoration actions developed |
12326 | 5 | stewardship scheme, following the agri-environment access review in 2002. this evaluation cont
, following the agri-environment access review in 2002. this evaluation contract will examine, environment access review in 2002. this evaluation contract will examine, from a sample of arou that it is meeting their expectations. evaluation objectives 1determine the effectiveness of d mine how educational access within agri-environment schemes relates to wider provision of educa |
7513 | 2 | ces of association. for each index, the behavior of two types of markers is analyzed as a funct
f two types of markers is analyzed as a function of the physical distance between markers. the |
7561 | 1 | vironments with significant genetic and functional diversity, preserving this diversity in the
|
13807 | 11 | in this ph.d. project, different strategies to preserve ancient
pecies confined to old oaks are used as model species. snapshot field data will be used to para e used to parameterise a metapopulation model considering the age of each local habitat patch. model considering the age of each local habitat patch. by repeated surveys at a per tree level, l be tested. moreover, a metapopulation model will be parameterised based on information about arameterised based on information about habitat history and current occurrence patterns. that i metapopulation models. a metapopulation model will be combined with a habitat model at a landsc opulation model will be combined with a habitat model at a landscape level. the models will be n model will be combined with a habitat model at a landscape level. the models will be used to n particular, the effect of the spatial distribution of conservation efforts will be analysed. cies associated with a naturally patchy habitat where each patch has a limited life-time. |
7415 | 4 | the intensification of farming methods profoundly changed t
anged the functioning of european agro- ecosystems, causing significant erosion of all biodiver ar mechanisms imply an increase in bird mortality as a result of reduced food supplies during t r when the birds should cover important energy needs. even though numerous studies have demonst |
12627 | 11 | ntryside survey in 2007 that: ‘the soil ph data show an increase over time in the frequency of
increase over time in the frequency of ph values in excess of ph 8.5. in 2007 approximately tw the frequency of ph values in excess of ph 8.5. in 2007 approximately two thirds of the 54 plot imately two thirds of the 54 plots with ph > 8.5 were in the arable broad habitat, with values with ph > 8.5 were in the arable broad habitat, with values approaching ph 9 in some plots. so broad habitat, with values approaching ph 9 in some plots. soil ph values in excess of 8.3 ind es approaching ph 9 in some plots. soil ph values in excess of 8.3 indicate that calcium carbon olubility is no longer controlling soil ph and there is an influence from sodium salts accumula o of the sample points with the highest ph values are very close to the coast and are mapped as to the coast and are mapped as littoral sediment or supra-littoral sediment broad habitats wher as littoral sediment or supra-littoral sediment broad habitats where sodium will be abundant. |
1961 | 19 | nal heat sources to maintain their body temperature, which therefore follows more or less the a
refore follows more or less the ambient temperature. as a consequence, all biochemical processe ectotherms body are speeded up by high temperature and retarded by low temperature. the non-di by high temperature and retarded by low temperature. the non-diapause temperature response of i ed by low temperature. the non-diapause temperature response of insects is usually described by is usually described by two parameters, threshold temperature and thermal constant. the latter described by two parameters, threshold temperature and thermal constant. the latter parameter novel hypothesis, which holds that the energy equivalent of a temperature change is not only u h holds that the energy equivalent of a temperature change is not only used to fuel the kinetic ge is not only used to fuel the kinetic energy of physiological reactants, but also to induce e iological reactants, but also to induce energy-requiring conformational changes in the cell. it partition the energetic equivalent of a temperature change in different ways over conformationa over conformational change and kinetic energy. in this study we want to test this hypothesis b xperimental selection studies using the model species orchesella cincta. strong directional sel al constant is expected to increase the threshold temperature and at the same time to increase t is expected to increase the threshold temperature and at the same time to increase the alloca same time to increase the allocation to energy-requiring conformational change. genes different itioning behaviour. given the universal nature of the thermal time hypothesis, our model has a ure of the thermal time hypothesis, our model has a very wide applicability. |
15079 | 5 | large area accurate mapping of evapotranspiration, water budget components
large area accurate mapping of evapotranspiration, water budget components of soil lay dget components of soil layer and water stress of land surface vegetation cover, at high spatia layer and water stress of land surface vegetation cover, at high spatial and temporal resoluti spatial and temporal resolution . this model will be improved by introducing the advances obta |
13716 | 7 | s, have been attributed to agricultural intensification resulting in loss of ecological heterog
ication resulting in loss of ecological heterogeneity at multiple scales. agri-environment sche heterogeneity at multiple scales. agri-environment schemes are used to reduce agricultural int ral intensity and/or restore ecological heterogeneity to benefit farmland biodiversity. however there is a lack of rigorous scientific evaluation of their effectiveness in preserving biodive g on how to optimize the effect of agri-environment schemes on the preservation of biodiversity propose cost-efficient ways to use agri-environment schemes to restore biodiversity of farmland |
2537 | 8 | to test alternative hypotheses for the evolution and maintenance of natural competence for tra
ad to new clues as how to deal with the evolution and spread of pathogenic and antibiotic resis s to play a prominent role in bacterial evolution by providing bacteria with a source of geneti genetic variation required for adaptive evolution as well as genes needed for habitat- and nich e evolution as well as genes needed for habitat- and niche- expansion. not so clear is how this experimentally that competence induced growth arrest can provide a selective advantage during ther hypothesis for the maintenance and evolution of competence and transformation; the dna rep r hypotheses. we also want to study the population dynamics of bacterial cannibalism recently d |
15140 | 3 | onica subsect. pentasepalae benth. as a model case. the representatives of this polyploid linea
problematic. additionally, the parallel evolution of many morphological characters and the cons cterize them and will explore character evolution in order to detect homoplasies. a taxonomic r |
14817 | 1 | as its relation with the biogeographic distribution.
|
14918 | 4 | s an ideal group to carry on studies on evolution, biogeography and conservation. in this proje
iables that might have affected current distribution of cyprinid species distribution in order urrent distribution of cyprinid species distribution in order to infer their significance in th e historical configuration of cyprinids distribution. we will study some alternative speciation |
15162 | 9 | lignisation processes, no comprehensive model bringing together the evolution, basic and infect
mprehensive model bringing together the evolution, basic and infection biology and epidemiology ovided thus far. our knowledge about pv evolution is rather scarce. the pi of this proposal has rocess possibly followed by host-linked evolution, together with zoonotic events and with evide cellular specialisations related to the evolution of the modern mammalian skin. our previous re rn mammalian skin. our previous results stress the concept that different viruses are different sures that have driven the differential evolution of the pves, their differential interaction w will generate global hypotheses on the distribution and evolution of these viruses, related to obal hypotheses on the distribution and evolution of these viruses, related to their hosts. the |
11620 | 2 | rtance to our understanding both of the evolution of life-histories to investigate the factors
effects of variation in ageing rates on population dynamics. |
15449 | 3 | the evolution of signals used in sexual selection is one of
fferent sensory channels the effects of predation and parasitization risk on the evolution of s redation and parasitization risk on the evolution of sexual signals, and the behavioral mechani |
15158 | 2 | pecies and within the same species. the evolution and maintenance of such flower colour polymor
tors as opposed to other factors in the evolution of flower colour. |
13752 | 13 | he project is to discover mechanisms of growth rate regulation in ivertebrates. this will be do
patterns in biochemical composition and growth rate responses of terrestrial and aquatic herbiv anisms, and the importance of these for nutrient limitation of secondary growth. these factors se for nutrient limitation of secondary growth. these factors affect the transfer of matter and ctors affect the transfer of matter and energy in food webs which is a fundamental ecological p ct the transfer of matter and energy in food webs which is a fundamental ecological process. th s a fundamental ecological process. the efficiency and regulation of these transfers has conseq sequences for individual and population growth rates of consumer species, community composition ation growth rates of consumer species, community composition, energy mobilisation and biogeoch onsumer species, community composition, energy mobilisation and biogeochemical cycles in food w bilisation and biogeochemical cycles in food webs, as well as broad-scale processes such as glo l cycles in food webs, as well as broad-scale processes such as global carbon cycles. as broad-scale processes such as global carbon cycles. |
1965 | 1 | ng among-races variation in morphology, life history, feeding and oviposition preference and wi
|
15352 | 2 | ow and selective preasure on phenotypic traits. within the genus anacyclus, there is a species
as analysis of quantitative phenotypic traits in a wide and representative sampling in pure an |
6815 | 2 | volutionary game theory is evolutionary stability that is based on the darwinian principle of n
ily of classical mathematical models of density-dependent interaction of populations. a major o |
7581 | 1 | sequilibrium. this research involve the development of snp markers in the region containing the
|
15073 | 3 | molecular phylogeny and genomic, to the evolution of one of the groups of insects that fulfils
number of requirements to be considered model test organisms. among them is its peculiar geneti he gondwana continent, its high species richness . firstly we shall analyze the differences on |
9803 | 1 | le empirical study. the marine cleaning symbiosis, in which cleaner fish inspect client reef fi
|
10266 | 3 | many interactions in nature are antagonistic because darwinian natural selec
meerkats that give the alarm in case of predators approaching. altruists pay a cost for helping actory, because there are many cases of symbiosis and cooperation in which individuals are not |
1103 | 11 | e climatic change induced by the global warming is expected to modify the agricultural activity
haracterized by a typical mediterranean climate in order to improve the economical and environm inability of the agricultural activity. climate warming could have a substantial impact on some y of the agricultural activity. climate warming could have a substantial impact on some agronom depend also on the continuum soil-plant-climate and this continuum has to be included in the an r forecast for several decades at daily scale comparing two method of downscaling. within the w in the wp3, several researches at field scale will be carried out to investigate for the optimi l be carried out to investigate for the optimization of several irrigation variables using wate bles using water resources of different salinity and quality. an other important issue of this terize the simulation models about crop growth and photosynthesis translocation, soil water flu ll be effectuated at field and regional scale by using numerical models for simulating crops an |
13978 | 7 | with increasing habitat fragmentation and isolation, the cost for an in
e landscape matrix and when approaching habitat and analyse flight velocity, turning angles and e of origin. i will also use artificial habitat silhouettes to test whether butterflies from th s differ in the cues they use to locate habitat. the outcome of my experiment will be used to c will be used to construct a predictive model of butterfly movement behaviour in response to la n response to landscape structure. this model may provide information on both population persis ntial of range expansion in response to climate change. |
10477 | 1 | of food or protection of offspring from predators. however high investment in one area provides
|
7364 | 2 | hanging environmental and anthropogenic stress on the genetic structure of populations of two s
tep, we relate to those genetic data on habitat and on the demographics of the two species |
14776 | 3 | of elucidating the factors driving its evolution. to describe flower shape and understand its
escribe flower shape and understand its evolution we propose using geometric morphometrics, an es. first, we will explore the adaptive function of flower shape by quantifying the selective r |
11868 | 7 | his theory of sexual selection, or the competition for mates. subsequent interest in sexually
bsequent interest in sexually dimorphic traits showed that males who bear exaggerated features strong force responsible for molecular evolution. however, evidence that sexual selection also e role of sexual selection in molecular evolution by a combined approach of experimental evolut by a combined approach of experimental evolution of fruit flies, in which sexual selection is g genetic changes associated with these traits. this work will provide decisive evidence for ho the spectacular diversity of phenotypic traits associated with variation in mating systems. thu |
11872 | 7 | his theory of sexual selection, or the competition for mates. subsequent interest in sexually
bsequent interest in sexually dimorphic traits showed that males who bear exaggerated features strong force responsible for molecular evolution. however, evidence that sexual selection also e role of sexual selection in molecular evolution by a combined approach of experimental evolut by a combined approach of experimental evolution of fruit flies, in which sexual selection is g genetic changes associated with these traits. this work will provide decisive evidence for ho the spectacular diversity of phenotypic traits associated with variation in mating systems. thu |
11873 | 7 | his theory of sexual selection, or the competition for mates. subsequent interest in sexually
bsequent interest in sexually dimorphic traits showed that males who bear exaggerated features strong force responsible for molecular evolution. however, evidence that sexual selection also e role of sexual selection in molecular evolution by a combined approach of experimental evolut by a combined approach of experimental evolution of fruit flies, in which sexual selection is g genetic changes associated with these traits. this work will provide decisive evidence for ho the spectacular diversity of phenotypic traits associated with variation in mating systems. thu |
14488 | 7 | interaction between adult and juvenile mortality, health state and the predisposition to inves
oup. reproductive costs are the base of life history evolution, and more specifically of the ev tive costs are the base of life history evolution, and more specifically of the evolution of fe evolution, and more specifically of the evolution of fecundity, and the main cost could be the ost could be the impact of reproductive function on the defensive capacity against infections a vel in several insectivorous birds in a climate change scenario in the mediterranean area. all on the effect of food availability in a climate change scenario. 4. determine the geographic an |
1960 | 2 | s available to study these processes in nature, and a lack of integration of theory with data f
tative genetic analysis and theoretical modelling. using a hybrid zone between collared and pie |
10737 | 2 | . however, a blood meal is a very harsh environment to be mating in, as blood is rapidly coolin
cies of malaria parasite maintian their species identity. a greater understanding of how and wh |
2122 | 5 | sts that s. lacrymans provides a unique model system to study evolutionary processes and life h
tem to study evolutionary processes and life history traits in basidiomycetes, including the ma evolutionary processes and life history traits in basidiomycetes, including the mating and vege ieve that the fungus is a very suitable model organism that can be used to accumulate new knowl ample of living culture isolates of the model organism. it has been hypothesized that both the |
10178 | 5 | any insect species between melanism and resistance to parasites and pathogens. here, we propose
relations between melanism and: disease resistance. this approach to examining the adaptive sig tate further examination of the disease resistance hypothesis for the evolution of melanism, bu e disease resistance hypothesis for the evolution of melanism, but will also allow us to examin amine the costs of melanism and disease resistance. |
11652 | 5 | any insect species between melanism and resistance to parasites and pathogens. here, we propose
relations between melanism and: disease resistance. this approach to examining the adaptive sig tate further examination of the disease resistance hypothesis for the evolution of melanism, bu e disease resistance hypothesis for the evolution of melanism, but will also allow us to examin amine the costs of melanism and disease resistance. |
15170 | 4 | the origin and evolution of specialized pollination systems constitute
n systems as selective agents of flower traits. finally, from a methodological point of view, w to develop more detailed studies on the evolution of flower scent traits. tudies on the evolution of flower scent traits. |
11072 | 11 | predicting how parasites adapt to their environment is becoming increasingly important. for exa
important. for example, changes to: the climate, composition of host-parasite-vector communitie f host-parasite-vector communities, and habitat, are implicated in the emergence of new infecti , and humans. more broadly, the in-host environment experienced by parasites also varies rapidl parasites cope with a variable in-host environment is central to understanding disease and inf ing a framework for predicting parasite evolution in response to other changes in their ecology haped by the variation in their in-host environment that they encounter during infections. most but evolutionary theory predicts these traits are simultaneously optimised - therefore they ne xplaining variation in the life-history traits exhibited by individuals is a major aim in evolu to understand how parasite life-history traits shape within-infection dynamics and contribute t o changes in their ecology: such as how habitat change, host shifts, or control measures influe |
10801 | 7 | ion models: honest signalling, scramble competition and cost-free models of begging. honest sig
ion of resources. by contrast, scramble competition models, suggest that costly offspring beggi offspring begging is a form of scramble competition among siblings, and that resource allocatio led by offspring as assumed by scramble competition models of begging. the second aim is to tes sumed by honest signalling and scramble competition models of begging or whether begging is cos inguish between existing models for the evolution of parent-offspring communication. this proje contribute to our understanding of the evolution of parent-offspring communication and the res |
10306 | 2 | cause of the threat posed to species by climate change. species have evolved by natural selecti
ive monitor of the health of the marine environment. as such it is vital to understand the pote |
10849 | 3 | es. plants need to secure resources for growth and successful reproduction that will culminate
seeds. anything that acts to limit the growth of a plant can be seen as a bad thing as it will . they too need to secure resources for growth, which are ultimately directed toward successful |
10590 | 1 | zygotic stage, and is mediated by sperm competition. post-mating, post-zygotic isolation will b
|
10401 | 3 | tegrate both approaches to describe the evolution of reproductive mode in this powerful researc
etter understand the conditions for the evolution and maintenance of androdioecy and, more gene ndrodioecy and, more generally, for the evolution of separate sexes versus hermaphroditism, wit |
10989 | 2 | sexes. further, it aims at studying the evolution of dimorphism by creating a novel dimorphism
g to a phenomenon that is ubiquitous in nature and give insights in the molecular processes tha |
433 | 10 | ted area have doubled in 25 years. this evolution has important socio-economic impacts on culti
study, we performed an analysis of the evolution of diversity of these two major crops in nige mpling performed in 2003 to analyze the evolution of the distribution of varieties, their morph in 2003 to analyze the evolution of the distribution of varieties, their morphological and phen s, their morphological and phenological evolution and finally their genetic diversity evolution ion and finally their genetic diversity evolution. we also collected data on environmental chan n results of our study are 1 a relative stability in the distribution of traditional local vari study are 1 a relative stability in the distribution of traditional local varieties; 2 a signif tic adaptation of varieties; 3 a slight evolution of allele frequencies but no difference in ge nvironmental data to assess the role of climate change in this case. |
11032 | 4 | ait but it has had a huge effect on the evolution of the earth s climate. at one time, south am
effect on the evolution of the earth s climate. at one time, south america and antarctica were rations and the earth s orbital cycles. modelling the opening of this gateway and assessing its nelled through drake passage. in a 2001 nature paper with colleagues from the british antarctic |
15366 | 3 | ormation of body asymmetries during the development of a group of metazoa, the lophotrochozoa.
scribe their expression patterns during development and to determine their interactions and reg organisms, as well as their role during development. we will use three species of gastropod mol |
14867 | 4 | on and speciation using drosophila as a model system. first, we try to understand the underlyin
so changes according to latitude. since temperature is the obvious environmental factor that ch ii and d. koepferae support an additive model with threshold. however, these results do not all oepferae support an additive model with threshold. however, these results do not allow rejectin |
14729 | 2 | sms in the genus rumex, to be used as a model case study of these processes in plants. specific
e hand, to analyze the features and the evolution of the sex chromosomes in the different speci |
15476 | 8 | over the past 100 years, earths climate has become warmer and precipitation regimes hav
s, earths climate has become warmer and precipitation regimes have changed. can we predict the etween the distributions of species and climate. however, models are based on some problematic ic reconstructions and ecological niche modelling. the main objectives of this proposal are: 1- tial in the assessment of the effect of climate change based on ecological niche modelling. a l limate change based on ecological niche modelling. a large-scale experimental setup is proposed on ecological niche modelling. a large-scale experimental setup is proposed using a group of s g into account the speed at with global warming is happening. |
13323 | 8 | lines - genomics, genetics, ecology and evolution - for understanding, monitoring and predictin
oring and predicting genetic diversity, ecosystems structures, dynamics and processes.this stra jor interacting elements of terrestrial ecosystems: trees, phytophagous insects and mycorrhizal nce, and contribute to the emergence of ecosystem genomics. the genomic activities will be cond e and associated species, starting with model species.evoltree will setup the necessary experim and made accessible by developing data mining procedures for the analysis of geographic and te the analysis of geographic and temporal distribution of genetic diversity. evoltree will spread sseminate its results to the scientific community, end users and public.evoltree will greatly c |
7716 | 8 | most organisms on earth, allowing major ecosystem services and play a fundamental role in the c
is the likely product of intracellular symbiosis between archaea and an alpha- proteobacteria. n archaea and an alpha- proteobacteria. mutualism a huge diversity have emerged and évolués- ma ot constituting a critical component of ecosystem functioning and the maintenance of soil ferti systerra including the axis ecological intensification of production systems sub- axis ' desig the axis ecological intensification of production systems sub- axis ' design steering the ecol systems sub- axis ' design steering the ecological functions of soil ' and also the sub- axis d ly intensive management of agricultural production |
14999 | 3 | ons that surround hybrid speciation and evolution, including trophic specialisation, female and
ely outcome, unless parental and hybrid habitat tolerance are relaxed. ultimately, we want to s l, almost unavoidable phenomenon in the evolution of this group of beetles, definitely of great |
14740 | 5 | subterranean ecosystems represent perfect natural laboratories for t
lutionary transition to the underground habitat in populations of cave animals, testing hypothe ng hypotheses on the timing and mode of evolution of subterranean lineages using molecular data w and/or dispersion across the hypogean environment, between the epigean and hypogean populatio tation processes, neutral and selective evolution, establishment of significant units of biolog |
2064 | 3 | er regions of the species' geographical distribution are probably more common, particularly for
ading effects on other organisms in the ecosystem, exemplified by the freshwater pearl mussel - at studying morphological variation and habitat use of brown trout in populations living in all |
15146 | 2 | he study of genomic resulting data. the gis will be used to study the large-scale ecological an
the gis will be used to study the large-scale ecological and evolutionary causes of seed dorman |
15293 | 8 | the foundation of the paradigm of soil ecosystem health and its impairment by chemical polluta
utants. the effects and consequences of stress exposure on life history strategies and quantita and consequences of stress exposure on life history strategies and quantitative genetic variat ay/bio analytic approach since critical threshold values may result modified. from a darwinian modified. from a darwinian perspective evolution is a slow process that results in adaptation antial change. the present view is that evolution can be fast enough to be observable. interest empirical studies documenting adaptive evolution are essentially circumscribed to the conseque eventually subjected to to non-chemical stress. |
14134 | 4 | and understanding of the diversity and evolution of the studied taxa. despite the fact that th
re quite different . • to determine the distribution of different genotypes of some usnea and l c variation are probably the centres of distribution and diversification; that makes these area uable for both evolutionary studies and nature conservation. |
2025 | 1 | s are formed birth, death and dispersal/migration of individuals. this framework will be shaped
|
10090 | 2 | e. recent theory suggests that resource competition will over-ride genetic benefits, but this t
extreme polyembryony and soldier caste production, allows these influences to be experimentall |
11358 | 6 | linking genetic structure and adaptive evolution is well developed, empirical data that tests
been made predominantly for the case of resistance evolution of pathogens to human-made drugs. redominantly for the case of resistance evolution of pathogens to human-made drugs. nevertheles n grouse moors in the uk has led to the evolution of resistance in t. tenuis. thus, my research s in the uk has led to the evolution of resistance in t. tenuis. thus, my research will provide between genetic structure and adaptive evolution empirically. |
10730 | 7 | lack a mechanism, other than numerical competition. by contrast, reproductive biologists and c
nd sophisticated design of experimental evolution with my previous experience in ecology, behav e in ecology, behaviour, physiology and evolution will put me in a unique position to test the organismal level. bed bugs are an ideal model organism with which to address this hypothesis. u enetic constraints of sperm age-related traits, and subsequently test these estimates quantitat on lines. the importance of bed bugs as model organisms for sexual conflict and their re-emerge ergence as human pests under an altered environment guarantee a wide and cross-discipline appli |
7003 | 2 | posed project aims at testing a general model an the potential causes for acoustic differentati
gnificance of the tested factors in the evolution of this species' geographic differentiation a |
10016 | 2 | eat swamp forests predictive ecological modelling and community assembly.
sts predictive ecological modelling and community assembly. |
10470 | 11 | ecological consequences which shape the distribution and persistence of biodiversity. in fact a
so that we could discover in detail the nature and occurrence of genic and non-genic dna. this from around the world. to minimise the scale of the task, plants with small genomes, like the s, this fascinating view of the dynamic nature of plant genomic dna is flawed because we only u a sequencing. is this picture of genome evolution true for organisms with large genomes to addr e the herculean task of determining the nature and evolution of so much dna in fritillaria. for lean task of determining the nature and evolution of so much dna in fritillaria. fortunately a at enables us to get a handle on genome evolution in organisms with giant genomes. these method genome enlargement happened suddenly in evolution, or slowly over time. thus our study will pro r time. thus our study will provide the community with fundamental knowledge of the processes o the processes occurring in plant genome evolution. |
11415 | 11 | ecological consequences which shape the distribution and persistence of biodiversity. in fact a
so that we could discover in detail the nature and occurrence of genic and non-genic dna. this from around the world. to minimise the scale of the task, plants with small genomes, like the s, this fascinating view of the dynamic nature of plant genomic dna is flawed because we only u a sequencing. is this picture of genome evolution true for organisms with large genomes to addr e the herculean task of determining the nature and evolution of so much dna in fritillaria. for lean task of determining the nature and evolution of so much dna in fritillaria. fortunately a at enables us to get a handle on genome evolution in organisms with giant genomes. these method genome enlargement happened suddenly in evolution, or slowly over time. thus our study will pro r time. thus our study will provide the community with fundamental knowledge of the processes o the processes occurring in plant genome evolution. |
10472 | 3 | ects and interactions of interbreeding, migration and local adaptation in the genetic structure
number of propagules, and under several migration regimes will be subject to a number of popula ement of biodiversity in the context of climate change and human impacts. |
10204 | 1 | yses in two years to check for temporal stability of the patterns we observe and will use the t
|
9884 | 1 | yses in two years to check for temporal stability of the patterns we observe and will use the t
|
10038 | 2 | on, using parental care in birds as our model system. parental care in birds is a good framewor
we gather, we will build a theoretical model that seeks to explain why different individuals d |
10119 | 3 | ic co2 emissions. as a consequence, the ph and carbonate supersaturation of the ocean is changi
the changes in foraminiferal carbonate production during the last 100 myrs and constrain the e e of foraminiferal calcification on the recovery of the ocean from elevated co2 levels. |
9834 | 1 | aleoecological relationships of the top predators of the late pleistocene: the giant felids .
|
7376 | 1 | exercised in vascular phytobactériose r model. solanacearum. we propose to explore these phenom
|
14651 | 3 | exual expression, spatial structure and recruitment patterns. hopefully, the results of this pr
t conception of the mediterranean flora heterogeneity within the frame of the global change, an a heterogeneity within the frame of the global change, and thus, on the conservation strategies |
2495 | 7 | st regime of moose to represent a large-scale population manipulation experiment, which can be
ctive population size. in a fluctuating environment, environmental and demographic stochasticit isher suggested for analysis of genetic evolution that individuals should be weighted by their sate for deviations from the stable age distribution. here we will apply a new statistical meth n on two important quantitative fitness-traits in moose, date of birth and calf body mass, at t the evolutionary dynamics of these two traits, using the dynamics of the reproductive value. t from different parts of norway in this model to explore how different patterns in age-specific |
15201 | 6 | madagascar is an excellent model region for the study of patterns of species diver
solation, geological and climatological heterogeneity, hiperdiverse endemic radiations, and the use the five endemic frog radiations as model to understand general patterns of diversification pecies locality data to investigate the spatial pattern of amphibian diversity. these integrati re with traditional measures of species richness and endemism. 5. test available hypotheses on netic, climatic, geological and species distribution data. |
14709 | 2 | elective locus related to the amount of oxygen in the environment. with the aim of clarifiying
related to the amount of oxygen in the environment. with the aim of clarifiying the evolutiona |
13502 | 6 | the current global warming induces selection on natural populations to ada
i will to test this in the lab using a model organism, the bean weavil, which is very well-stu ell-studied with regard to life-history traits and basic genetic parameters. i will simulate a l also study the importance of genotype-environment interactions by experiments. this kind of l on between individual organisms and the environment is rare in the literature, but reflect a mu rtance for the prediction of effects of climate change. |
10388 | 8 | population persistence and thus affects ecosystem function. to address this issue, we propose a
e propose an experimental approach on a model marine protist since this taxon is fast-growing, widespread and easy to culture, and its growth rate is affected by ph conditions, although the ure, and its growth rate is affected by ph conditions, although the specific physiological resp iverse selection experiment at a single ph with replicate populations founded with different le iment determines whether the outcome of competition between strains varies with population dive tial consequences of this well accepted climate-change pressure on the evolution of life in the accepted climate-change pressure on the evolution of life in the oceans, and thus the adaptabil |
6817 | 2 | ave to be answered in the actual social environment. 2. our judgments and evaluations regarding
r adaptive problems in the evolutionary environment. those features are considered highly attra |
15257 | 5 | ese studies have addressed the distinct colonization strategies of the different insular popula
he different lineages during the island colonization process. to achieve this goal, three main ry change in ecological and behavioural traits that are particularly relevant to colonization s raits that are particularly relevant to colonization success and persistence of insular lineage chanisms and behaviours associated with predator defence and foraging strategies |
15258 | 5 | genus and any work is oriented to study colonization strategies of different insular population
dopted by different lineages during the colonization process. to do it, our proposal will work wo groups of ecological and behavioural traits that are particularly relevant for the success o cularly relevant for the success of the colonization and the persistence of insular lineages: m viours related with the defence against predators and foraging strategies. |
15432 | 1 | current classification of scleractinian corals is highly incong
|
10273 | 11 | g demonstrated shifts in the geographic distribution of species, the stability of populations,
geographic distribution of species, the stability of populations, and the timing of biological al for species to evolve in response to climate change. the overall aim of this study is to und an be expected to evolve in response to climate change. the study is based on a classic example ample of the ecological consequences of climate change, namely the association between global w , namely the association between global warming and the earlier onset of breeding activity in a ected to evolve to cope with a changing climate. this project will overcome these shortfalls by imental field manipulations of breeding phenology with a long-term pedigree on a wild populatio e able to evolve in response to ongoing environmental change. this project tackles one of nerc edicting the ecological consequences of climate change. the project also investigates factors t that determine long-term resilience to environmental change, which are an important part of ne |
12069 | 6 | alysis and forecasting of the impact of global change on biodiversity do not currently incorpor
es in species distributions mediated by climate change often rely on the assumption that specie imatic niches are conserved at the time scale at which the ecological modification occurs. yet, the demographic response of species to global change. ideally such studies should help to iden pproaches, including different types of modelling, experimental evolution, comparative analyses ferent types of modelling, experimental evolution, comparative analyses and data collection in |
13422 | 2 | falo has been the most important animal production material in turkey for centuries for their m
hese efforts include all aspects of the production, sustainable utilization and characterisatio |
13420 | 2 | portant breeds of sheep famous for milk production. the activities on conservation, characteris
hese efforts include all aspects of the production, sustainable utilization and characterisatio |
13419 | 1 | hese efforts include all aspects of the production, sustainable utilization and characterisatio
|
13417 | 2 | nt breeds of sheep famous for high milk production and prolificacy. the activities on conservat
hese efforts include all aspects of the production, sustainable utilization and characterisatio |
13401 | 1 | ion, characterization, reproduction and evaluation of some medicinal and aromatic plants which
|
13424 | 2 | a fat tail sheep breed and most of its production characteristics are lower than other native
ved to be beneficial for countrys sheep production that daglic breed that is well adapted to th |
6947 | 1 | m for the mammalian biology in hungary. development of this method for terrestrial small mammal
|
12767 | 18 | industrial, recreational and commercial development is placing increasing pressures on protecte
es and their habitats in the uk. when a development threatens an area containing a species that gal obligation to undertake appropriate mitigation measures to reduce the impact of the develop on measures to reduce the impact of the development on the species. under current guidelines, a es. under current guidelines, a typical mitigation involves pre- and post-development populatio pical mitigation involves pre- and post-development population and habitat assessments, habitat re- and post-development population and habitat assessments, habitat management and enhancement ent population and habitat assessments, habitat management and enhancement and actions that wil kelihood of animals being killed by the development activity ponds for which there are existing ned from a sample of sites subjected to mitigation prior to the 2001 guidelines: this will allo ct of the improved guidance. on a wider scale, modelling and mapping will be used to explore th he improved guidance. on a wider scale, modelling and mapping will be used to explore the likel idance. on a wider scale, modelling and mapping will be used to explore the likely affects of m e used to explore the likely affects of mitigation actions on favourable conservation status of great crested newts. different types of mitigation actions will be evaluated in relation to cur d in relation to current population and habitat status, and recommendations provided to refine and recommendations provided to refine mitigation protocols and standardised population assess their habitats come into conflict with development. |
11258 | 1 | rk will be supplemented with studies of carbon and sulphur isotopes from the limestones which w
|
11391 | 1 | rk will be supplemented with studies of carbon and sulphur isotopes from the limestones which w
|
10528 | 6 | is critical for investigating the early development of animal body plans, particularly crustace
uch as antennae, mouth parts and micron-scale hairs in 3-dimensions before they could decay. so ges provide a window on the anatomy and evolution of early animals, especially ecdysozoan and a ls, especially ecdysozoan and arthropod evolution; why and how is the soft anatomy preserved; a lages a snapshot of the original marine community or are they biased towards certain animal gro and their wider significance for animal evolution. |
470 | 4 | along the last 10000 years. halophytic ecosystems developed recently. man activities significa
activities significantly modified plant ecosystems in the rhône delta, favouring herb prolifera being consistent with the elevation in temperature. some simulations are proposed for the fort pears essential to moderate the tourism growth as well as to reduce the economic use of lands, |
13859 | 3 | ps overall goal of a global late blight model, and the nordic data will be an extreme test of t
ical system. sub-goals include checking model performance using parameters developed within njk models, such as spatial spread within a gis framework. the final implementations of the differe |
15274 | 5 | ng an annual pattern in secondary xylem growth, annual rings, provides information about the ag
ge of the individual plants. since this growth can be related with calendar years, it is possib may hide the existence of differential life history traits between the individuals living in t existence of differential life history traits between the individuals living in the forest or age-structure, age to maturity, radial growth rates, non-structural carbohydrate reserve level |
12141 | 10 | egetation in context of the postglacial ecosystem dynamics in the eastern baltic is to obtain a
hips among the indicated pattern of the vegetation changes and peculiarities of the palaeoenvir ime recorded on the regional and global scale will be assessed. investigations of the postglaci e formation and further dynamics of the vegetation cover, actual for the protection of the livi actual for the protection of the living environment and natural resources. should be pointed ou vestigations describing the postglacial vegetation in the context of the environmental alterati ironmental alterations of the different scale are still quite few in the eastern baltic. during tarted to change: new refugee areas and migration pathways identified, new species recorded, ne ata a detailed, chronologically founded model describing the peculiarities of the vegetation pa del describing the peculiarities of the vegetation pattern in the context of the regional and g |
13766 | 2 | is crucial for understanding e.g. meta-population dynamics, gene flow, species distributions,
project aims to measure and empirically model the dispersal curve of a bryophyte species, exten |
9811 | 2 | ls using dinoponera queenless ants as a model system. in queenless ants a colony is headed by a
lict in multiple gamergate species, and review the evidence for conflict and policing in queenl |
7365 | 2 | onia legume symbiont in an experimental evolution approach by cultivating a population of indiv
viduals in conditions favorable to this evolution, then analyze the genetic and genomic term co |
9868 | 1 | rs has evolved in species vulnerable to predation to allow them to forage safely. we plan a ser
|
11537 | 13 | ationship between plant communities and hydrology in fynbos habitat in the cape of south africa
ant communities and hydrology in fynbos habitat in the cape of south africa will be used in the eriment to determine the effect of root competition on plant performance along the soil moistur petition on plant performance along the soil moisture gradient. if hypothesis a is correct, the hypothesis a is correct, then seedling mortality ought to be greater in translocated monoliths ient. hypothesis b will be supported if competition treatments alter the effect of hydrology on petition treatments alter the effect of hydrology on distribution. results will be incorporated tments alter the effect of hydrology on distribution. results will be incorporated into a spati lts will be incorporated into a spatial model that will be used to determine whether the effect ent to generate the patterns of species distribution observed late in post-fire succession. the distribution observed late in post-fire succession. the sensitivity of the model outputs to a r fire succession. the sensitivity of the model outputs to a range of patterns of seed dispersal tterns of seed dispersal and changes in hydrology will be tested. |
10188 | 1 | conserved genes, in response to marine stress , of marine and terrestrial isolates compared.
|
15401 | 1 | -users is considered through the active participation of a remediation company.
|
11103 | 4 | s, and therefore a good record of their evolution through time. finally, the separate parts of
ime. finally, the separate parts of the sediment can be measured accurately, providing a record the way these influence and respond to environmental change, such as warming climates. espond to environmental change, such as warming climates. |
11202 | 2 | tion between individuals, infection and population dynamics and sperm competition. the first pa
ction and population dynamics and sperm competition. the first part of the programme will be a |
7531 | 2 | the recent identification of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria legumes. this project also aim
ial application areas are industry, the environment and food security |
7383 | 1 | h will highlight discontinuities in the evolution of fungi
|
6901 | 5 | enomena are essentially multivariate in nature. to recover the hidden information, a specific g
d in biology at individual, population, community and ecosystem levels. particular studies, how t individual, population, community and ecosystem levels. particular studies, however, may have evel studies based on molecular data to community level surveys utilizing functional attributes may receive applications especially in nature conservation and forestry. last but not least, t |
10203 | 32 | methane is a potent greenhouse gas, second in importanc
house gas, second in importance only to carbon dioxide. most methane is produced by microorgani importance only to carbon dioxide. most methane is produced by microorganisms and methane conce thane is produced by microorganisms and methane concentrations in the atmosphere had been incre important to understand as atmospheric methane increases in the geological past have been link logical past have been linked to global warming. global methane production in marine sediments e been linked to global warming. global methane production in marine sediments is very signific inked to global warming. global methane production in marine sediments is very significant and ontain the largest, global reservoir of methane. this includes huge stores of methane in an ice f methane. this includes huge stores of methane in an ice matrix called hydrates, which might b alled hydrates, which might be a future energy store, as well as being a sensitive trigger for as being a sensitive trigger for rapid climate change. surprisingly, we know relatively little ns in ocean sediments that produce this methane, as only a few have been isolated and studied . rrently remove approximately 80% of all methane produced in sediments before it can enter the o her have major influence on the flux of methane from sediments. there are even suggestions that ere are even suggestions that anaerobic methane production and consumption may be due to the sa even suggestions that anaerobic methane production and consumption may be due to the same micro derstanding of the microbes controlling methane flux in marine sediments severely limits our ab anges in the extremely important global methane cycle. we intend to significantly increase know ease knowledge of the controls on ocean methane flux, and the microorganisms driving this proce driving this process, by investigating methane production in high-pressure systems. these syst this process, by investigating methane production in high-pressure systems. these systems mimi h-pressure systems. these systems mimic sediment conditions, and within which both methane-prod iment conditions, and within which both methane-producing and methane-consuming microbial commu within which both methane-producing and methane-consuming microbial communities are active. we ediments to determine their response to temperature and pressure changes, the supply of compoun re changes, the supply of compounds for methane oxidation or production, and other factors cont y of compounds for methane oxidation or production, and other factors controlling methane conce oduction, and other factors controlling methane concentrations. from these experiments and a ra being an important potential source of methane. we will identify the physiology and metabolism ne. we will identify the physiology and metabolism of these methanogens to significantly increa e our knowledge of the biodiversity and function of this important group of microorganisms. thi |
2107 | 10 | highly productive areas, with an annual production about 10 times of what might be found in phy
ve also shown that kelp is an important carbon source for many animals in these areas. however, tly on the kelp plants which means that carbon from kelp mainly enters food webs through pom . ans that carbon from kelp mainly enters food webs through pom . this project focuses on exposur ysical factor in regulating primary and secondary production in a kelp forest on the norwegian ast. it will look closer into different functional groups and compare food webs at three differ different functional groups and compare food webs at three different degrees of exposure. will ees of exposure. will there be a higher production of pom in exposed areas, and will the bacter a crucial role in preventing bacterial growth in high energy sits where wounds and scars cause in preventing bacterial growth in high energy sits where wounds and scars caused by the heavy |
10547 | 7 | hreats facing marine biodiversity, from climate change to overfishing, occur over very large ar
ne ecology is derived from rather small-scale studies. to address this mismatch, there is there erefore a pressing need to find ways to scale up local knowledge so that we can gain a better u ty databases. for instance, data on the distribution of all kinds of organisms living in the se of all kinds of organisms living in the sediment at the bottom of the sea in different areas, t rest to all ecologists working on large scale patterns of biodiversity. by establishing a colla e as possible. as well as extending the scale of marine biodiversity research, then, we hope al |
12196 | 2 | biodiversity while minimising costs and complexity for farmers. grazing grassland less intensiv
increased resilience of biodiversity to climate change impacts. |
12268 | 4 | the environmental change network is to protect and improve
e network is to protect and improve the environment, and to integrate the environment with othe e the environment, and to integrate the environment with other policies across government and i rove the understanding of the causes of environmental change. there are currently 57 ecn sites, |
12198 | 3 | grassland is the predominant habitat in the agri-environment schemes associated with
is the predominant habitat in the agri-environment schemes associated with entry level steward ement prescriptions on biodiversity and ecosystem services over the life of an els agreement. i |
7301 | 1 | combination of genetics, demography and behavior
|
14228 | 12 | and environmental conditions, number of habitat characteristic species are expected to go local
rated habitats. thus, the extinction of habitat specialist species does not necessarily mean de tions or limited dispersal capacity and community resistance, both extinction and colonization imited dispersal capacity and community resistance, both extinction and colonization can be del mmunity resistance, both extinction and colonization can be delayed. extinction debt and coloni ion can be delayed. extinction debt and colonization credit can occur simultaneously in altered ecies pools to study the extinction and colonization patterns in altered grassland habitats. or been part of historical species pool of habitat. derived diversity consists of species that are y consists of species that are novel to community and do not belong to habitat-specific species novel to community and do not belong to habitat-specific species pool. we will explore the envi udy the effects of derived diversity to community properties and relate it with change in taxon state of future biodiversity in altered ecosystems. |
11384 | 10 | e those species have different roles in ecosystems, for predicting the ecosystem consequences o
roles in ecosystems, for predicting the ecosystem consequences of species loss. the majority of due to lower reproductive rates slowing recovery, and also because they are less abundant. this been extremely important for designing classification schemes and predictors of species extinc ity of individual species to effects of environmental change. such impacts can be direct: for e nd death rates. however, there are also indirect effects that result from the interactions betw wwf, iucn and cbd. their evidence based development of risk classification systems has previous heir evidence based development of risk classification systems has previously involved referenc nctions, to test whether an established classification system correctly identifies those experi ions reduce the predictive power of the classification system, and why poor performance might o |
7042 | 2 | h project p 13742 reconstructin miocene ecosystems with diaspores in austria david k. ferguson
son 28.06.1999 during miocene times the evolution and uplift of the alpine orogenic belt create |
10958 | 7 | d a severe impact on the biosphere. the recovery of geochemically pristine cretaceous sediments
ith this material, we want to study the evolution of planktonic foraminifera during early albia nd late albian/cenomanian oaeld. stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses on individual specie ian/cenomanian oaeld. stable oxygen and carbon isotope analyses on individual species will prov l provide the data to reconstruct their habitat. we will count the faunas, to determine rates o count the faunas, to determine rates of evolution, and measure the isotopic composition of all truct the effects of oaes on the marine ecosystem. |
14634 | 11 | dune ecosystems offer an exceptional opportunity for the stu
ons like the access to ground water and nutrients and the different intensity of adverse factor mer high radiation or high soil surface temperature. the combination of these factors strongly e in such systems. the invasion of dune ecosystems by exotic species and their incorporation to the study of the processes that control community assembly and the incorporation of foreign spe es, with the possibility of testing the competition/facilitation process in the obtaining of re possibility of testing the competition/facilitation process in the obtaining of resources and onous and foreign plants exhibit common traits that allow them to be grouped similar defined fu ional types, and that they also develop competition/facilitation patterns that result in the su and that they also develop competition/facilitation patterns that result in the success or fai d eventually differentiate the specific traits permiting to determine the invasive degree of a |
14646 | 5 | this project deals with the distribution and abundance of terrestrial birds within
project deals with the distribution and abundance of terrestrial birds within the framework of als are related to the species-specific traits related to continental distribution patterns, ha -specific traits related to continental distribution patterns, habitat preferences, ecological d to continental distribution patterns, habitat preferences, ecological breadth and morphology, |
14589 | 1 | enetic alteration despite its numerical abundance. it is of great importance to know the degree
|
14201 | 5 | f traditional management on the species richness, cover or composition of lichens on estonian a
tend to relate the total lichen species richness on alvars and species richness of lichens on p species richness on alvars and species richness of lichens on particular substrate group to si particular substrate group to size and connectivity of alvars in the present and in the past t he present and in the past to reveal if richness of lichen species responds to the changes in t |
7548 | 1 | microsatellite markers will assess the evolution of diversity. we can evaluate the product of
|
13597 | 9 | ical research is which factors regulate community composition and diversity at the local scale.
composition and diversity at the local scale. since bacteria are key drivers of ecosystem func cale. since bacteria are key drivers of ecosystem function, it is of particular importance to f to focus on mechanisms regulating their community structure to be able to make predictions abou ocal and regional factors for bacterial community composition and assembly, the character and e ce intensity and frequency on bacterial community composition. this project will therefore sign s of microbial diversity, and microbial metacommunity ecology. it will also help us to understa to understand to which degree bacterial community composition is predictable from the environme conditions and provide insight into the resistance and resilience of bacterial communities afte |
14624 | 9 | e study of the factors related with the distribution, abundance and production of fish in sever
factors related with the distribution, abundance and production of fish in several reservoirs ed with the distribution, abundance and production of fish in several reservoirs from the river . in the first one, will be studied the distribution, abundance and production of the fish spec one, will be studied the distribution, abundance and production of the fish species in eleven studied the distribution, abundance and production of the fish species in eleven reservoirs of e analyzed the factors related with the distribution, abundance and production of the fish. thi factors related with the distribution, abundance and production of the fish. this analysis wil ed with the distribution, abundance and production of the fish. this analysis will allow to ela |
14746 | 12 | most important anthropogenic effects on ecosystems and, unfortunately, the amazon fish communit
ems and, unfortunately, the amazon fish community is not an exception. land erosion has modifie and how many species live in a specific habitat . however, the mechanisms that maintain high fi intain high fish diversity in amazonian ecosystem are unknown. ecological factors may positivel rs may positively contribute to species richness because they have promoted in the past or are cies. the integration of phylogeny into community ecology is, therefore, necessary to understan herefore, necessary to understand fully community assembly. however, despite the potential impo importance of considering phylogeny in community ecology studies, phylogenetic approaches have ed to elucidate the factors determining community structure. the aim of this study is to identi to identify the factors that determine community assembly in the fish community of the amazon. etermine community assembly in the fish community of the amazon. we will approach the study by by exploring the phylogenetic basis of community niche structure. it will use both genetic and |
10294 | 21 | the concentration of methane in the atmosphere is currently 1.8 ppm and abou
rrently 1.8 ppm and about 20% of global warming has been attributed to this potent greenhouse g gas. it is estimated that 400-640 tg of methane is produced annually by methanogenic bacteria i reby mitigating the global emissions of methane into the atmosphere. wetlands and soils are the soils are therefore important sinks for methane, consuming an estimated 27 and 40 tg ch4 per ye ctively. this is carried out by aerobic methane oxidising bacteria. bacteria which grow on meth dising bacteria. bacteria which grow on methane as sole carbon source have been obtained from m bacteria which grow on methane as sole carbon source have been obtained from many environments ere are more novel methanotrophs in the environment that await isolation. generally, methanotro egarded as obligate, ie only growing on methane . recent exciting discoveries of facultative me tative methanotrophs which grow on both methane and multi-carbon compounds such as acetate now hs which grow on both methane and multi-carbon compounds such as acetate now make it imperative d in wetlands and soils, regulate their methane oxidation systems and how they contribute to th s and how they contribute to the global methane cycle. we propose to study the environmental re o study the environmental regulation of methane oxidation in a model facultative methanotroph m al regulation of methane oxidation in a model facultative methanotroph methylocella silvestris. o elucidate the pathways of facultative metabolism. we have developed a number of physiological ine what environmental factors regulate metabolism in this bacterium. we have also developed a address the hypothesis that in certain growth environments facultative methanotrophs have a co nificant contribution to the cycling of methane in the environment. bution to the cycling of methane in the environment. |
11660 | 1 | n of the site and therefore recommended mitigation strategies.
|
12511 | 21 | nt, may be more efficient and sensitive indicators with which to assess soil health, but are no
nsitive indicators with which to assess soil health, but are not widely considered. worldwide, sider biological, chemical and physical indicators when assessing soil health. for example when and physical indicators when assessing soil health. for example when measuring potential impac ta. however, the approaches to use soil indicators to assess soil health vary widely even betwe oaches to use soil indicators to assess soil health vary widely even between regions within cou n countries. the aim of this literature review is to examine international approaches to using using biological, chemical and physical indicators to assess soil health in farming and related mical and physical indicators to assess soil health in farming and related systems. this will i oaches to dealing with biodiversity and function in relation to soil health, and soil health as iodiversity and function in relation to soil health, and soil health assessment in organic farm unction in relation to soil health, and soil health assessment in organic farming systems. the red. international approaches to manage soil health, such as the use of inoculants and changes cal, chemical or physical assessment of soil health in farming or other relevant systems is con r other relevant systems is conducted 2.review the way in which the data gathered on biological l, chemical or physical contributors to soil health in the systems identified have been interpr ified have been interpreted and used. 3.review international approaches to manage soil health 4 view international approaches to manage soil health 4.compare the relative merits of internatio , chemical and physical contributors to soil health with current uk approaches based on functio lth with current uk approaches based on function 5.make recommendations to defra for strategies and physical components to address the soil health concept in farming systems, including futur |
12236 | 6 | e farmer and land manager in delivering environment benefits. there has been a long-standing co
ision of environmental benefits through incentives and regulation and more recently an increasi ion through the campaign for the farmer environment detailed whole farm ecological surveys to i practices. the quality or condition of habitat and associated management will be measured as a benefits that can be delivered with the habitat. phase 3: data analysis: detailed summaries of ists will come together collectively to review each farm and to analyse the links between farme |
15577 | 14 | important contribution to agricultural production by providing ecosystem services such as crop
to agricultural production by providing ecosystem services such as crop pollination and biologi ltural regions are now dedicated to the production of a small number of crop types. what are th attern on farmland biodiversity and the ecosystem services important for agricultural productio tem services important for agricultural production are there policies which, if followed, would ollowed, would improve biodiversity and ecosystem services in farmlands without compromising ag lands without compromising agricultural production farmland is an international research progra nds have higher biodiversity and better ecosystem services than farmlands with less semi-natura olicies require taking crop area out of production. there are many situations where this may no the area of semi-natural habitats, the spatial heterogeneity of the cropped lands may be posit elated to biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services. if this is true, then it may be pos uld restore biodiversity and associated ecosystem services by increasing farmland heterogeneity osystem services by increasing farmland heterogeneity, without reducing cropped area. the aim o cy-makers that enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services in farmland. |
12600 | 5 | rally for re-use, because up to half of development areas are returned to vegetated uses, but c
rial. consequently this project will: · review current practices of soil management on construc of soil management on construction and development sites, · document good and bad practice, · ustainable soil use at construction and development sites. much of the research will be based o ustainable soil use on construction and development sites. |
14194 | 2 | ba were applied together, a synergistic growth inhibitory effect was observed. however, this in
atfaah-gfp fusion exhibited slight aba resistance and tolerance to exogenous nae. in this stud |
10848 | 7 | is generally considered a food-limited environment and therefore it has been postulated that f
y determining factor affecting organism distribution. many species of deep-sea fish are opportu ngers and show a bigger-deeper trend in distribution. however, studies of the diet of such deep furthermore, any available data of this nature only reflects single feeding events and are not to assess the importance of scavenging, seasonality, vertical migration and ontogenetic changes ce of scavenging, seasonality, vertical migration and ontogenetic changes in the various life h and ontogenetic changes in the various life history strategies. this will significantly advanc |
14568 | 1 | cies will serve to achieve the critical review of the family which will result in the prduction
|
14565 | 1 | about the natural history, geographical distribution and species biology. the author of this su
|
14566 | 1 | ailed information related to geographic distribution, conservation, and related biological and
|
15413 | 1 | ncertain phylogenetic affinities in the classification of the polychaetes. this will result in
|
10533 | 5 | is engaged in providing archaeological evaluation and rescue excavation of important quaternar
sites, especially in se england, where development pressures have been high in recent times. t cular molluscs and ostracods, both good indicators of the environment at the time of deposition ostracods, both good indicators of the environment at the time of deposition and palaeolithic h also provide important indications of salinity and therefore sea-level. mollusc fossils can b |
6882 | 1 | vestigate the geological conditions and sedimentation, the bedforms and the trace fossils, taki
|
11193 | 1 | es how i will initiate passerine genome mapping by utilising the existing public human and chic
|
15249 | 3 | sses. therefore, their relevance in the ecosystems functioning may be crucial. the depth unders
may contribute to the knowledge of the life history, ecology, evolution and conservation of av knowledge of the life history, ecology, evolution and conservation of avian scavengers. |
10657 | 6 | ences to study the pliocene-pleistocene evolution of millennial- to milankovitch- scale climati
olution of millennial- to milankovitch- scale climatic oscillations in the bering sea, the marg acific and arctic oceans. paleoclimatic indicators will be used to generate complete and detail as well as of the adjacent continental climate. in addition to being sensitive to regional and tive to regional and potentially global climate change, the bering sea is one of the source reg ocean, occurs today. investigating the evolution of the bering strait is critical for understa |
11491 | 1 | -,rapid depositional rates. - tectonic stability. - well-preserved, cosmopolitan fossils suita
|
2184 | 9 | . uncertainties derive from unrealistic model assumptions as well as the intrinsic stochasticit
g of ecological mechanisms with applied climate scenario forecasting. expected output is i impr s for forecasting ecological effects of climate change, ii climate change scenarios for case st cological effects of climate change, ii climate change scenarios for case study systems and iii models forecasting impact of different climate scenarios. northern freshwaters with their salm ss stochasticity and expert opinions on model performance. the project will promote recruitment l performance. the project will promote recruitment to ecological climate change forecasting by will promote recruitment to ecological climate change forecasting by including a phd position osition in biostatistics and ecological modeling. |
13971 | 15 | and in the worst case scenario lead to regime shifts from fish to jellyfish dominance. in the
to regime shifts from fish to jellyfish dominance. in the black sea, fisheries collapses coinci coincided with the mnemiopsis invasion. ecosystem effects depend on complex food web and enviro on. ecosystem effects depend on complex food web and environmental interactions. it is not poss isticated video methods and mechanistic modeling, in collaboration with world leading american s and stomach analyses we will estimate predation pressure on zooplankton and fish larvae. repr al will be examined in experiments as a function of temperature and salinity. results will be c xamined in experiments as a function of temperature and salinity. results will be combined with iments as a function of temperature and salinity. results will be combined with field data of t lts will be combined with field data of temperature, salinity and predators to estimate menmiop ombined with field data of temperature, salinity and predators to estimate menmiopsis´ ecologic field data of temperature, salinity and predators to estimate menmiopsis´ ecological boundaries ay therefore outcompete fish when light environment changes, for ex. due to eutrophication. eff by contemporary changes in optical and temperature environment will be modeled in collaboratio rary changes in optical and temperature environment will be modeled in collaboration with norwe |
13769 | 4 | to global biodiversity and the ongoing climate change could alter species distributions. this
feeding niches how the invader affects food web structure. this project will assess how feedin l invaders and their effects on the new food web. the new methods i will apply for analysing st data put the project at the frontier in food web ecology. |
15042 | 17 | current knowledge of food web dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems is limited
dge of food web dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems is limited by the scarcity of studies includ chain and incorporating the effects of spatial heterogeneity on food web structure and functio the effects of spatial heterogeneity on food web structure and functioning. the need to conduct tegrating the different components of a food web has been repeatedly pointed out as a priority ointed out as a priority on terrestrial food webs. therefore, the inclussion of detritus based efore, the inclussion of detritus based food webs remains among the most relevant questions in ns among the most relevant questions in food web ecology. in addition, spatial heterogeneity ap tions in food web ecology. in addition, spatial heterogeneity appears as a challenging question hallenging question to fully understand food web dinamycs. the analysis of mechanisms allowing ral goal of this proposal is to include spatial heterogeneity in food webs investigating the mo is to include spatial heterogeneity in food webs investigating the mosaic of interactions gene their effects on soil macroinvertebrate distribution, and b to experimentally test the effects ave dealt with the effects of shrubs on soil properties and soil organisms in fertile islands, between soil organisms their effects as ecosystem engineers increasing infiltration rates of wa reasing infiltration rates of water and nutrients into the soil. the obtained results will incr unctional ecology of mediterranean arid ecosystems, a particularly relevant question for conser |
12281 | 4 | nalise these after comments by the peer review panel. as part of the ongoing process of develop
anel. as part of the ongoing process of development, a technical document will be released desc e in a particularly user friendly form. development of a web based front end will encourage its nd will encourage its wider use and the development of further international links. it will imm |
12235 | 3 | the following requirements: 1. to allow evaluation and ‘validation of the new system of grassla
ovide feedback to defra and the science community. this is needed to identify if any changes ne se by farmers. this trend of increasing complexity is also happening for other crops, suggestin |
12221 | 7 | k government is committed to increasing energy security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
sions. amongst the sources of renewable energy that have been recognised as important are the c nd the evidence base on biodiversity in energy crops for policy development by determining how biodiversity in energy crops for policy development by determining how the biodiversity of misc nthus and src willow is affected by the spatial scale, structuring and management of the planti . this will be done by sampling for the abundance and diversity of weeds and invertebrates usin crops by birds in relation to cropping scale. |
7053 | 6 | ough, and the analysis of trends in the evolution of cryptic species is a field ripe for study.
ose a three-step procedure to study the evolution of a complex of at least seven cryptic ant sp will address three questions about the evolution of the cryptic-species complex: relation of m ce of a role of ecology in the species’ evolution. the project will be relevant beyond meeting ch into further aspects of the species’ evolution. more broadly speaking, the evolutionary-prof d characteristics often involved in the evolution of cryptic species. |
12366 | 2 | new project to research and support the development of local and regional coastal forums in eng
proportionate options for improving the development and durability of coastal forums. |
6876 | 6 | ing spatially explicit individual based modelling of population dynamics, experimental populati
explicit individual based modelling of population dynamics, experimental population and commun n dynamics, experimental population and community ecology, and the statistical analysis of vege cology, and the statistical analysis of vegetation. we will develop and test a new standard sam pplicable during restoration of damaged ecosystems or abandoned agricultural fields as well as sities for developing database of plant traits and functional types, and for testing sampling t |
7305 | 2 | e very different abilities and borgou a model of choice to identify regions of the genome of ta
n connection with its adaptation to the environment. the objective of this project is to achiev |
215 | 4 | ain novelty of the research lies in the complexity in the summarizing of different estimates of
owledge about the role of fine roots in ecosystem-level carbon and nutrient cycling. the determ e role of fine roots in ecosystem-level carbon and nutrient cycling. the determination, in spuc nation, in spuce stands, of biomass and production of ectomycorrhizal extrametrical mycelia and |
9931 | 3 | ific pcr probes to measure the vertical distribution in soil of mycelia. detailed mapping of fr
stribution in soil of mycelia. detailed mapping of fruitbodies of the various plot treatments a tracking over shorter periods. natural abundance of these isotopes in fbs will also be measure |
10529 | 2 | al contaminated soils. impacts of plant growth on du distribution and chemical forms in these s
ed soils. impacts of plant growth on du distribution and chemical forms in these soils will be |
10457 | 6 | fine sediment plays an important role in the transfer and fa
ortant role in the transfer and fate of nutrients through river basins. in recent years, ground e exhibited increases in both suspended sediment loads and concentrations of macro-nutrients li iment loads and concentrations of macro-nutrients linked to changes in land use and river manag need for improved understanding of fine sediment dynamics including the complex inter-actions b anding of biological transformations of sediment in reaches of the frome/piddle catchment. |
15505 | 6 | ng alters the decomposer system and its ecosystem services through changing the soil environmen
stem services through changing the soil environment. in this proposal it is intended to survey l genomes, biogeochemical functions and community structure in mediterranean forests that have lects certain phenotypes. understanding community phylogenetic patterns and the molecular basis gical processes, and to predict how the ecosystem functioning can be altered through the increa increasing wildfire frequency caused by temperature rise. |
13757 | 9 | nce agency of many forest and grassland ecosystems that contributes to species dynamics and div
s and diversity, physical structure and ecosystem function. many european heathland systems owe biomes that impacts the biodiversity of ecosystems, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosyst ms, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosystem relationships are altered by changing climate m relationships are altered by changing climate and earlier european fire regimes are now heavi er biodiversity in three major european ecosystems. fireman will focus on fire-biodiversity-soc such knowledge is important for policy development. anticipated major outcomes will be charact nd regional models of fire-biodiversity-climate relationships that are used to explore likely f ted approach to fire management through modelling and a focus on landscape and afforestation pl |
9881 | 8 | nce agency of many forest and grassland ecosystems that contributes to species dynamics and div
s and diversity, physical structure and ecosystem function. many european heathland systems owe biomes that impacts the biodiversity of ecosystems, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosyst ms, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosystem relationships are altered by changing climate m relationships are altered by changing climate and earlier european fire regimes are now heavi er biodiversity in three major european ecosystems. fireman will focus on fire-biodiversity-soc nd regional models of fire-biodiversity-climate relationships that are used to explore likely f ted approach to fire management through modelling and a focus on landscape and afforestation pl |
473 | 8 | nce agency of many forest and grassland ecosystems that contributes to species dynamics and div
s and diversity, physical structure and ecosystem function. many european heathland systems owe biomes that impacts the biodiversity of ecosystems, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosyst ms, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosystem relationships are altered by changing climate m relationships are altered by changing climate and earlier european fire regimes are now heavi er biodiversity in three major european ecosystems. fireman will focus on fire-biodiversity-soc such knowledge is important for policy development. anticipated major outcomes will be charact nd regional models of fire-biodiversity-climate relationships that are used to explore likely f |
15569 | 9 | nce agency of many forest and grassland ecosystems that contributes to species dynamics and div
s and diversity, physical structure and ecosystem function. many european heathland systems owe biomes that impacts the biodiversity of ecosystems, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosyst ms, species and genetic structure. fire-ecosystem relationships are altered by changing climate m relationships are altered by changing climate and earlier european fire regimes are now heavi er biodiversity in three major european ecosystems. fireman will focus on fire-biodiversity-soc such knowledge is important for policy development. anticipated major outcomes will be charact nd regional models of fire-biodiversity-climate relationships that are used to explore likely f ted approach to fire management through modelling and a focus on landscape and afforestation pl |
7275 | 3 | uated based on: 1 spectrum and relative abundance of prey according to habitat; 2 of the size a
relative abundance of prey according to habitat; 2 of the size and the average biomass of a col d on potential expansion highlighted by modeling |
6819 | 1 | ds. we will also study the intrapiscine development and pathological effects of blood-parasitic
|
11327 | 7 | jor component of the marine-atmospheric carbon cycle is the precipitation and dissolution of ca
marine-atmospheric carbon cycle is the precipitation and dissolution of calcium carbonate in s tant to our understanding of the global carbon cycle, and to the earth system as a whole. this r understanding of the marine inorganic carbon budget. large amounts of calcium carbonate are p ional contribution to oceanic carbonate production by marine bony fish. these animals ingest se makes a major contribution to carbonate production on a global scale. furthermore, due to their ion to carbonate production on a global scale. furthermore, due to their rather unusually high |
2201 | 4 | in a risk analysis of ecosystem effects of introduced exotic fish it can be o
alien species and to build a conceptual model regarding main factors resulting in successful es such species in aquatic communities as predators, competitors or as parasitic hosts. the resul itic hosts. the resulting impact on the ecosystem function in some areas where alien species ha |
6974 | 4 | , published by nimfea environmental and nature conservation association in 2004. this illustrat
04. this illustrated identification and distribution area guide summarizes 25 years of research tion of 90 fish species, 21 figures, 90 distribution maps and 100 colorful photos with internal a better understanding of habitats and nature conservation aspects, and contributing to the mo |
2200 | 1 | ssessing the effects of increased water temperature on establishment and spreading of non-indig
|
11677 | 7 | s where among several other factors low oxygen and chronic pollution can cause the sudden morta
chronic pollution can cause the sudden mortality of a species and in some cases a lake s entir llow lakes due to the key importance of trophic cascades whereby changes in the abundance of pr trophic cascades whereby changes in the abundance of predators . analysis of our data will seek des whereby changes in the abundance of predators . analysis of our data will seek to evaluate o evaluate the effectiveness with which sediment fossils represent kills with the expectation t number of food-web layers affected, the nature of change in these layers and the longevity of e |
15585 | 13 | s predicting biodiversity resilience to environmental change are almost exclusively based on ap
l recent studies have demonstrated that habitat connectivity is a key determinant of biodiversi studies have demonstrated that habitat connectivity is a key determinant of biodiversity respo o anthropogenic changes of land use and climate. this is particularly evident for organisms liv ed scenario models for key biodiversity indicators colonize streams, lakes or more suitable hab s after a pulsed disturbance. thus, the connectivity of the system largely determines its resil ience to environmental changes. limited connectivity may also have positive effects on biodiver nd streams. the impact of anthropogenic connectivity modifications on biodiversity such as the dy aims for the first time to integrate habitat connectivity into scenarios of biodiversity mai for the first time to integrate habitat connectivity into scenarios of biodiversity maintenance re habitats for fishes at the catchment scale, we have the unique opportunity to combine detail entify possible strategies for managing habitat connectivity within focal catchments. this will ossible strategies for managing habitat connectivity within focal catchments. this will provide |
2133 | 2 | educe the impact of human activities on ecosystems is a major challenge of the next decades. wo
my, biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. however, developing sustainable fishery pol |
12066 | 4 | his is particularly true for freshwater ecosystems that are among the most threatened on earth.
mics and play a predominant role in the food webs. fishes are also useful indicators of aquatic n the food webs. fishes are also useful indicators of aquatic ecosystem health and sustainabili s are also useful indicators of aquatic ecosystem health and sustainability and provide many ec |
1996 | 10 | migration is a widespread phenomenon among birds. rathe
thin species. theories that explain the evolution of migration patterns primarily rely on a cos theories that explain the evolution of migration patterns primarily rely on a cost-benefit app on a cost-benefit approach: the cost of migration is traded off against the benefits of breedin n the level of inter- and intraspecific competition and on individual characteristics of the bi eristics of the bird, such as age, sex, body size and competitive ability. empirical measuremen l measurements of costs and benefits of migration remain scarce, however, as most migratory bir im to quantify the relationship between migration patterns and fitness components spoonbills ar tionship between fitness components and migration patterns by comparing breeding success and se in different areas, and in relation to migration distance. despite the fact that costs and ben |
15043 | 2 | vely studied population of a long-lived predator, the black kite milvus migrans, breeding in do
ther provide a much needed quantitative review of studies published in this field of science. a |
15044 | 1 | enefits of cooperative breeding and the evolution of altruism in vertebrates. the role of kin s
|
2089 | 1 | edge of the flagellate biodiversity and community structure of sandy beaches in different geogr
|
2500 | 8 | dily available long-term data from four model systems. firstly, migration data from numerous bi
data from four model systems. firstly, migration data from numerous bird observatories will fo es will form a basis for studying large-scale environmental control of movement patterns across histories, and for constructing coarse-scale predictive models. the second model system, with rse-scale predictive models. the second model system, with detailed data on movement and breedi ort-lived species. our third and fourth model systems contrast the generalist approach in tits ards an integration of animal movement, life history and population dynamics. such efforts are on of animal movement, life history and population dynamics. such efforts are necessary to more |
6813 | 2 | e or less detailed picture of flora and vegetation history and climatic changes has developed f
ras the deterioration of the palaeogene climate occurred already during the eocene or later in |
222 | 19 | st environmental problems on the global scale. different spatial changes in ecosystems accompan
bal scale. different spatial changes in ecosystems accompany the habitat loss – fragmentation, ial changes in ecosystems accompany the habitat loss – fragmentation, increase in isolation and on plant communities’ quality – species richness and florsitic composition. during the 20th cen vidently increased. in this project the distribution of different plant communities in the land on will be based mainly on the estonian vegetation mapping data from 1934-1955. the floristic c based mainly on the estonian vegetation mapping data from 1934-1955. the floristic composition rea over the period will be revealed by gis analyse. the main aims of the project are following ch plant communities – in their species richness and species composition. 2. to study the relat tudy the relationship between floristic richness of originally species-rich communities and the the present-day spatial extent of these habitat types on the landscape level, but also the effe scape level, but also the effect of the landscape change during the last 50 years. 3. to reveal o agricultural use. we will compare the stability of floristic composition in habitat speicalis e stability of floristic composition in habitat speicalists and generalists. we assume that hab calists and generalists. we assume that habitat loss will have more negative impact to habitat loss will have more negative impact to habitat specialists. for that purposes we will analyse . for that purposes we will analyse the habitat spcifity of the plants in target communities of investigate the reasons of decrease in distribution and of rarity of plant species, formation s, formation and persistence of species-richness. |
7318 | 2 | lso within the axis 2 /"interdependence production and biodiversity systems"because sheep breed
se sheep breeding systems, meat or milk production standards are likely to affect the availabil |
10295 | 5 | tats and exert major effects on aquatic ecosystems. this interdisciplinary project will use hyd
e physical properties of water, such as temperature, may influence feeding by this key function ture, may influence feeding by this key functional group in situations not addressed by current nvolves integrating both experiment and modelling at the interface between ecology, engineering eeding structures and mode on a massive scale across almost all phyla, convergence that we are |
11223 | 5 | tats and exert major effects on aquatic ecosystems. this interdisciplinary project will use hyd
e physical properties of water, such as temperature, may influence feeding by this key function ture, may influence feeding by this key functional group in situations not addressed by current nvolves integrating both experiment and modelling at the interface between ecology, engineering eeding structures and mode on a massive scale across almost all phyla, convergence that we are |
11762 | 5 | tats and exert major effects on aquatic ecosystems. this interdisciplinary project will use hyd
e physical properties of water, such as temperature, may influence feeding by this key function ture, may influence feeding by this key functional group in situations not addressed by current nvolves integrating both experiment and modelling at the interface between ecology, engineering eeding structures and mode on a massive scale across almost all phyla, convergence that we are |
10705 | 3 | y the input, transfer and subsequent re-distribution of 13c labelled substrates into and throug
il structure to assist with the overall modelling of the effects of biodiversity on carbon flux lling of the effects of biodiversity on carbon fluxes. |
15177 | 2 | uch interactions is likely to shape the evolution of floral traits in natural populations. the
likely to shape the evolution of floral traits in natural populations. the yellow gentian the s |
9990 | 1 | for making high quality measurements of carbon dioxide .
|
10612 | 2 | d cysts may be used as environmental or productivity indicators.
e used as environmental or productivity indicators. |
14794 | 1 | of fluoride pollution in inland aquatic ecosystems.
|
7052 | 3 | anic compounds using a process oriented model of ecosystem scale bovoc fluxes. this exercise is
ounds using a process oriented model of ecosystem scale bovoc fluxes. this exercise is thought g a process oriented model of ecosystem scale bovoc fluxes. this exercise is thought to represe |
11661 | 1 | persist for long periods of time in the environment are of growing concern, but these same prot
|
14208 | 2 | ide cost-effective tools for addressing ecosystem integrity in the increasingly human-dominated
uate the potential of focal species for ecosystem management both on the theoretical basis and |
12329 | 3 | an evaluation of environmental stewardship had recently be
out by csl. as part of this project, a modelling process was developed which attempted to esti stimate the impact of els on a range of indicators. the process adopted depended on expert scor |
13604 | 3 | obes are integral components of aquatic food webs and are crucial for the cycling of carbon and
webs and are crucial for the cycling of carbon and nutrients. microbial populations are control e crucial for the cycling of carbon and nutrients. microbial populations are controlled by a co |
11269 | 22 | the millennium development goals pledged to halve the number of people
e world bank has assessed that economic growth from agriculture generates at least twice as muc east twice as much poverty reduction as growth from any other sector. eastern africa has severe gation to smooth fluctuations in annual production levels. there is apparent potential in terms lready providing valuable and necessary ecosystem services which support livelihoods and econom to view the potential for agricultural development within the broader frame of other, often ov er frame of other, often over-stressed, ecosystem services. for example, despite apparent abund services. for example, despite apparent abundance of water per capita on the national scale, mo nce of water per capita on the national scale, most tanzanian and kenyan river basin authoritie s a particular issue in relation to the growth of intensive market-based crops . agriculture is or to gdp in both countries, with other ecosystem services related income, such as that from to dentified the expansion of agricultural productivity as the growth engine to address poverty an ion of agricultural productivity as the growth engine to address poverty and development. tanza he growth engine to address poverty and development. tanzania is embarking on extensive irrigat urgent task. agriculture expansion and growth will be reliant on sustainable resource supply i terms of water and land and associated ecosystem services. however, the complexity of existing ciated ecosystem services. however, the complexity of existing land use and its impact on water mpact on water resources and associated ecosystem function is a major knowledge gap. to enable r and land resources, in an era of fast development and change, new approaches to assessment ar nked issues: water, land and associated ecosystem services for supporting poverty alleviation a for supporting poverty alleviation and development, in particular in rural areas in kenya and or challenges from socio-ecological and climate change. |
11416 | 22 | the millennium development goals pledged to halve the number of people
e world bank has assessed that economic growth from agriculture generates at least twice as muc east twice as much poverty reduction as growth from any other sector. eastern africa has severe gation to smooth fluctuations in annual production levels. there is apparent potential in terms lready providing valuable and necessary ecosystem services which support livelihoods and econom to view the potential for agricultural development within the broader frame of other, often ov er frame of other, often over-stressed, ecosystem services. for example, despite apparent abund services. for example, despite apparent abundance of water per capita on the national scale, mo nce of water per capita on the national scale, most tanzanian and kenyan river basin authoritie s a particular issue in relation to the growth of intensive market-based crops . agriculture is or to gdp in both countries, with other ecosystem services related income, such as that from to dentified the expansion of agricultural productivity as the growth engine to address poverty an ion of agricultural productivity as the growth engine to address poverty and development. tanza he growth engine to address poverty and development. tanzania is embarking on extensive irrigat urgent task. agriculture expansion and growth will be reliant on sustainable resource supply i terms of water and land and associated ecosystem services. however, the complexity of existing ciated ecosystem services. however, the complexity of existing land use and its impact on water mpact on water resources and associated ecosystem function is a major knowledge gap. to enable r and land resources, in an era of fast development and change, new approaches to assessment ar nked issues: water, land and associated ecosystem services for supporting poverty alleviation a for supporting poverty alleviation and development, in particular in rural areas in kenya and or challenges from socio-ecological and climate change. |
13369 | 1 | ogical characterization and preliminary evaluation activities were performed on chickpea sample
|
14828 | 7 | a central issue in population ecology. habitat heterogeneity and despotic settlement have been
l birds. combined under the traditional density-dependent population regulation theory, these s of low quality territories as breeding density increases may cause a decline in the mean per c cause a decline in the mean per capita productivity of a population while its variation increa ile its variation increases, leading to density-dependent regulation. golden eagle populations seem to be regulated by intra-specific competition and density-dependent mechanisms arise at h lated by intra-specific competition and density-dependent mechanisms arise at high densities. c |
12467 | 1 | coherence between the cfp and fisheries development policy. it will also involve identification
|
11501 | 10 | predicting the impacts of global change on rural communities at local to regional
llenging due to the accelerated pace of climate and economic change. however, it is clear that s due to the volatile and unpredictable nature of food chains. food security in rural communiti ities rely significantly on the flow of ecosystem services proposal therefore brings together e ogy, risk management, spatial planning, climate change and complexity sciences to design and in t, spatial planning, climate change and complexity sciences to design and integrate a suite of analyse how dynamic stocks and flows of ecological services at the landscape scale translate to of ecological services at the landscape scale translate to local-level nutritional well-being a he study is to examine the link between ecosystem services and impacts on nutritional and socio managing these dynamic landscapes under climate and social-economic change. |
9838 | 11 | studies of food webs rarely encompass more than one class of natur
l enemy. with insects, most terrestrial food webs are highly biased towards parasitoids while m towards parasitoids while most aquatic food webs are equally biased towards predators. the aim ic food webs are equally biased towards predators. the aim of this proposal is to construct a w l is to construct a web containing both predators and parasitoids . detailed data on the parasi ady exists but, as in other terrestrial food web studies, obtaining quantified trophic informat rophic information from the terrestrial predators in the field is extremely difficult. in this proposal molecular techniques, novel to food webs, will be used to detect and identify prey dna ed to detect and identify prey dna from predator gut samples. following sequencing of relevant to compare the role of native and alien predators in food webs. e role of native and alien predators in food webs. |
14836 | 5 | s significantly increased the inputs of nutrients, specially din. different studies have report
e role of cyanobacteria biofilms on the ecological stoichiometry of stream food webs, and model the ecological stoichiometry of stream food webs, and modelling the stoichiometric relations b stoichiometry of stream food webs, and modelling the stoichiometric relations between compartm between compartments in complete stream food webs. |
15310 | 3 | trophic interactions constitute the basis of population
rce, has the capacity of modulating the abundance of consumers by acting on demographic paramet as pathogen vectors of a spanish raptor community counting with threatened species. |
7620 | 3 | oosing species cladina capable of rapid colonization we will develop lichen fragments scatterin
agments scattering techniques to foster growth, study the effects of a lower planting density. , study the effects of a lower planting density. |
13371 | 1 | d. studies for pre-characterization and evaluation are conducted within the frame work of the p
|
210 | 8 | l and widespread shortage of pollinator abundance and diversity in agricultural landscapes of a
ional factors in regulating the species richness and abundance of pollinators in these habitats in regulating the species richness and abundance of pollinators in these habitats. the aims of 1. to assess the effectiveness of agri-environment schemes in estonia. for this purpose, the e cape structure, land-use intensity, and habitat diversity on community structure of bumble bees use intensity, and habitat diversity on community structure of bumble bees will be investigated icides. these new insights will aid the development of strategies to protect both wild and dome rs and help develop more effective agri-environment schemes that aim to conserve pollinators. p |
2106 | 3 | e measurements directly explore benthic community assemblages at, near and outside bearded seal
the benthic communities composition and productivity in the arctic. this programme will add sig eal ecology and the dynamics of benthic community structure in the arctic. |
9970 | 10 | the foraging behaviour of predators not only determines species distribution patt
f predators not only determines species distribution patterns, but influences the dynamics and tterns, but influences the dynamics and stability of prey populations. however despite a large predictions in free-ranging marine fish predators. the proposed research will lest the hypothes ypothesis arising from the optimal diet model, that a fish predator has higher search times per rom the optimal diet model, that a fish predator has higher search times per prey item consumed ader diet, in a relatively unproductive environment compared to productive habitat. this novel tive environment compared to productive habitat. this novel project will combine fine-scale tra t. this novel project will combine fine-scale tracking of dogfish foraging trips with sampling her with simultaneous invertebrate prey abundance surveys, this approach will reconcile the for |
11359 | 10 | the foraging behaviour of predators not only determines species distribution patt
f predators not only determines species distribution patterns, but influences the dynamics and tterns, but influences the dynamics and stability of prey populations. however despite a large predictions in free-ranging marine fish predators. the proposed research will lest the hypothes ypothesis arising from the optimal diet model, that a fish predator has higher search times per rom the optimal diet model, that a fish predator has higher search times per prey item consumed ader diet, in a relatively unproductive environment compared to productive habitat. this novel tive environment compared to productive habitat. this novel project will combine fine-scale tra t. this novel project will combine fine-scale tracking of dogfish foraging trips with sampling her with simultaneous invertebrate prey abundance surveys, this approach will reconcile the for |
7016 | 1 | lied to foraminiferan tests and several sediment parameters will be compiled. all these data wi
|
10659 | 12 | e from fossil shells to understand past climate changes in these regions . during my advanced f
sts who investigate changes in the past climate. forams can be carried over great distances in e become adapted to live in the extreme environment of the sea-ice while others have found them scoveries in leading journals. for past climate reconstruction, pooling several genotypes toget rror into researcher s calculations and climate models. my evidence on the genetic diversity an h play an equally vital role in earth s climate system to determine the genotypic structure of ypic structure of these quite different ecosystems. i propose to sample these regions during th een shell geochemistry and the physical environment in which genotypes grow is vital for past c which genotypes grow is vital for past climate modelling. this work will be done in collaborat enotypes grow is vital for past climate modelling. this work will be done in collaboration with who work on the reconstruction of past climate both in the uk and abroad. in addition, a new d ade available for use by the scientific community when complete. |
14314 | 2 | iversity for the provisioning of forest ecosystem goods and services and on the other hand the
ong-term top quality research on forest ecosystems in belgium. |
11877 | 6 | our vision: to impel climate change mitigation action by motivating private
our vision: to impel climate change mitigation action by motivating private investments in vestments in sustainably managed forest ecosystem services. our contribution: to address a crit ritical ke gap between expertise on the mapping, modelling and quantification of the risk of fo e gap between expertise on the mapping, modelling and quantification of the risk of forest carb nd quantification of the risk of forest carbon loss, and investor s confidence in forest invest |
7145 | 4 | es in the composition of the herbaceous vegetation which might last for very long periods, or e
or even be irreversible on a historical scale. in this project, we wish to: * assess the influe lative incidence of ancient customs and climate change on the biodiversity of the tree layer. * ersity of the tree layer. * analyze and model the very long -term sustainability of soil fertil |
7473 | 3 | regarding adaptation of forest trees to climate changes, linking different disciplines: ecology
plines: ecology, genetics, genomics and evolution. foresttrac brings together a critical mass o ian partners. for the time being, large scale genomics projects have been conducted and dissemi |
13464 | 7 | to the uptake and transfer of different nutrients to their tree hosts and to sequestration of c
heir tree hosts and to sequestration of carbon. however the biodiversity of these organisms is e organisms is affected by additions of nutrients designed to stimulate tree growth. negative e of nutrients designed to stimulate tree growth. negative effects on dominant species are often lowground, in favour of increased shoot growth. results obtained in our lab using conventional ty and artificial stimulation of forest growth using different fertiliser applications. the res g the balance between the dual goals of production and maintenance of biological diversity. |
404 | 9 | ertilization on forest biodiversity and productivity. the official report on fertilization effe
port on fertilization effects on forest ecosystems abundance of vaccinium dwarf-shrubs. in the tilization effects on forest ecosystems abundance of vaccinium dwarf-shrubs. in the context of dwarf-shrubs. in the context of forest productivity, the observed changes in plant community c uctivity, the observed changes in plant community composition suggests that forest fertilizatio fertilizer derived enhancement of tree growth. the planned project will quantify long-lasting tion effects on forest biodiversity and productivity, and identify responsible mechanisms. know management strategy to ensure that both production and nature conservation goals are accomplish tegy to ensure that both production and nature conservation goals are accomplished. |
14504 | 4 | re effects on the aquatic biota and its recovery process. very little is known on these effects
ditions and to recognize when the total recovery have been reached. also, we have data from sim ilar order and have similar geology and vegetation conditions. we pretend to analyse and follow end to analyse and follow the post-fire evolution of general physicochemical parameters . |
14972 | 6 | ther hand, if a this problem we add the global change, the effects on the biodiversity will be
agmentation on the biodiversity along a stress gradient, using lichens communities. the specifi on epiphytic lichen communities along a stress gradient. 2. to evaluate the edge effect on epip ons of three threatened species along a stress gradient. 4. to evaluate the genetic structure o pulations of lobaria pulmonaria along a stress gradient. 5. to evaluate the phenotipic plastici lasticity of lobaria pulmonaria along a stress gradient. |
13459 | 5 | ong terms effects of enhanced inorganic nitrogen . long-term effects will be evaluated by study
inorganic n from logging affect pelagic productivity and plankton structure, and the energy tra ctivity and plankton structure, and the energy transfer efficiency from basal trophic levels up kton structure, and the energy transfer efficiency from basal trophic levels up to zooplankton. o zooplankton. the capacity of the lake ecosystems to retain excess inorganic n will also be ev |
13873 | 7 | . there is a strong correlation between abundance of epiphytic lichens and abundance of inverte
ween abundance of epiphytic lichens and abundance of invertebrates in boreal forests. however, my hypothesis is that high invertebrate abundance mediated by high lichen biomass is critical t during winter, when food is scarce and energy needs high. this will be tested by comparing bir patch should be abandoned when its food density equals the average food abundance in the habita ts food density equals the average food abundance in the habitat. the experiment will be comple quals the average food abundance in the habitat. the experiment will be complemented with focal |
11691 | 5 | .e. fe changes as the mineral particles growth and then transform during oxidation. by applicat
element and contaminant mobility in the environment the first 4 objectives will consist of exte analogous to those found in the natural environment. to answer question 5, the data from the ex incorporated into geochemical computer modelling packages which will allow us to predict how g or example, it will allow us to perform modelling under the conditions that green rust will for |
9942 | 5 | .e. fe changes as the mineral particles growth and then transform during oxidation. by applicat
element and contaminant mobility in the environment the first 4 objectives will consist of exte analogous to those found in the natural environment. to answer question 5, the data from the ex incorporated into geochemical computer modelling packages which will allow us to predict how g or example, it will allow us to perform modelling under the conditions that green rust will for |
10399 | 2 | source of high cultural, scientific and nature conservation importance throughout europe. in a
cent fossil data will be collected from sediment samples taken from the loose sediments at the |
11632 | 4 | mal vent fluid. vent fluid is very hot, oxygen poor, acidic and full of metals at vent sites wi
ed in the laboratory to investigate the nature of the mineralization that has occurred on the b l. the new data will allow us to make a model explaining how modern vent fauna become fossilize f evolutionary patterns in this extreme habitat. it will also enable us to find more ancient ve |
6921 | 2 | gricultural products. as cost effective development, we plan to establish a central laboratory
tes avoiding wasteful parallel capacity development. in case of being approved, inland r&d acti |
7710 | 5 | by managing the original inoculum as a function of the implantation site. trufficoles the ecos
the implantation site. trufficoles the ecosystems have a role in the landscape and the mainten y, biodiversity and sustainability link production / landscape perfecting currently empirical m methods. we also wish to establish soil production potential indicators, especially after inocu to establish soil production potential indicators, especially after inoculation, or the geneti |
14324 | 1 | requires: brgm: specialized in economic evaluation of water resources management.
|
7006 | 16 | freshwater environments and patterns of community structure have only recently emerged. fractal
response of organisms to environmental heterogeneity that may be independent of differences in differences in species composition and body size distribution. few studies have considered spa es in species composition and body size distribution. few studies have considered spatial scale stribution. few studies have considered spatial scale-dependent aspects of distribution pattern ered spatial scale-dependent aspects of distribution pattern of different-sized organisms, part ganisms, particularly in lotic systems. body size influences an organisms energetic requirement exploitation, and its susceptibility to predation. the existence of a general relation, between a general relation, between population density and body size in benthic animal assemblages may elation, between population density and body size in benthic animal assemblages may be attribut ed to non-metabolic constraints such as habitat complexity. we aim to examine the implications the implications of substratum surface heterogeneity and its fractal characteristics for the b actal characteristics for the body-size distribution of benthic communities. in eight geographi shall explore if scaling of population density to body size converges across communities. furt ore if scaling of population density to body size converges across communities. furthermore, we lation between body-size and population density in benthic animal assemblages may be influenced |
15404 | 10 | habitat loss and fragmentation are thought to be major
of fragmentation theory, the extinction threshold hypothesis, states that fragmentaion agravate t fragmentaion agravates the effects of habitat loss, making more habitat necessary to avoid ex he effects of habitat loss, making more habitat necessary to avoid extinctions. however, adequa e at broad geographical scales i.e. the scale most critical to inform biodiversity conservation here we present a spanish- and european-scale research proposal that combines atlas species dis ch proposal that combines atlas species distribution data, the satellite imagery-generated cori the satellite imagery-generated corine land cover database, and statistical modelling with log ne land cover database, and statistical modelling with logistic regression techniques in order order to: evaluate methods to optimize modelling of spatially distributed data that are likely |
15383 | 3 | of protozoa in the survival, virulence, resistance and resuscitation of legionella pneumophila
citation of legionella pneumophila is a model that can be applied to other pathogens such as ca ribute to a better understanding of the ecosystem in which these organisms live and how they ev |
10682 | 1 | o provide a framework to understand the nature and maintenance of aggressive mimicry.
|
10009 | 2 | the hydrology, soils and ecology of moorland are vulnerable
ogy of moorland are vulnerable to local environmental change, and in many areas uninformed mana |
12038 | 8 | o the most intensively human influenced ecosystems on earth, and there is no doubt that the rec
ne of the best known taxa, namely fish, habitat loss, flow modification, industrial pollution, est diversity threats worldwide. global climate change may further regionally amplify habitat l e change may further regionally amplify habitat loss through chronic reduction in water availab fish fauna at the river drainage basin scale and endemism are not fully congruent and result f ng driver of the global biogeography of body size in freshwater fishes. we further built and us ver drainage area resulting from global climate change. we predict that only few, and narrowly m drainage area loss by 2090. moreover, habitat loss in these drainage basins will hasten natur |
14603 | 7 | tween dissolved and particulate organic carbon has ecological sense because poc goes down by gr
n associated with phytoplankton biomass growth, neglecting microparticles formation by self agg loop lead to a c loss due to bacterial respiration. however, abiotic doc-poc conversion does n ot involve a c loss suggesting a higher efficiency of this last pathway. to evaluate the relati consideration that most inland aquatic ecosystems have doc concentrations up to 30 times highe tions up to 30 times higher than marine ecosystems and colloids aggregation is density-dependen ecosystems and colloids aggregation is density-dependent, the application of polymer gel theor |
11502 | 10 | dely accepted that human-induced global environmental change has important implications for bio
cations for biodiversity and associated ecosystems, our understanding of the ecological mechani poor. within populations, the impact of environmental change depends on how individual fitness n determines vital rates and population growth. a key aspect of this process is the way individ s is the way individuals are exposed to environmental change in space and time, and the implica d island petrel. this is an interesting model system because the population breeding on round i rop in sea surface temperatures affects distribution patterns, exposure to environmental change ects distribution patterns, exposure to environmental change, and its consequences at the indiv on individual genotypes, phenotypes and distribution patterns. our proposed work is novel becau l s genome might affect its exposure to environmental change and its consequences, and in this |
1972 | 1 | c processes that are fundamental to the evolution of plant chemical diversity.
|
2539 | 12 | this research will study life history evolution of african butterflies in the ge
this research will study life history evolution of african butterflies in the genus lepidochr like cuckoos for the remainder of their development. the some 120 species of lepidochrysops are expand our sampling to analyze feeding behavior throughout the genus. we will investigate the hout the genus. we will investigate the evolution of phyto-predation in a phylogenetic framewor will investigate the evolution of phyto-predation in a phylogenetic framework by inferring the applying comparative methods to assess life history evolution and diversification patterns in parative methods to assess life history evolution and diversification patterns in the group. in making collections, we will also assess distribution patterns of different taxa, and use this i xamine the effects of anthropogenic and climate change. the life histories of african lepidochr amongst the first to be threatened when habitat is destroyed as a result of human interference; his difference is likely to shape their population dynamics. our results will therefore be of g |
10773 | 4 | ext of the research: measurement of the distribution and abundance of marine mammals has been i
ch: measurement of the distribution and abundance of marine mammals has been identified as one d the major project deliverable to this community will be software for use in dynamic ongoing a can be achieved. within the oceans 2025 community, this work is also likely to be of interest t |
11115 | 2 | in the pursuit of sustainable development and protection of marine ecosystems. it is
le development and protection of marine ecosystems. it is recognised that greater communication |
14745 | 2 | mbc in these species reliably reflects migration ability, body condition, reproductive effort,
dition, reproductive effort, and immune function. using a combination of physiological and phen |
9872 | 3 | ome internationally renowned due to the richness of the organic artefacts and ecofacts deposite
sation. wood of this period and in this abundance is unique to this site in the uk, and so far key debates in later prehistory on the function of similar platforms and trackways and the use |
13389 | 1 | project will focus on conservation and evaluation of various wild, local and developed fruit v
|
14661 | 6 | one of the most commonly studied fruit traits within the context of endozoochory systems. amon
unt its variability or the shape of its distribution at intra- and inter-individual scales. fur ssures that could be driving fruit size evolution in a fleshy-fruit producing plant species, cr tive success of the plant, by analyzing seed predation, germination and early survival and grow ion, germination and early survival and growth as a function of fruit size. tion and early survival and growth as a function of fruit size. |
2195 | 21 | rns and threats • to describe the large distribution patterns and abundance of fucoid species i
ibe the large distribution patterns and abundance of fucoid species in swedish waters. this inf his information will be used to develop gis models of relationships between environmental facto ips between environmental factors, e.g. salinity, secchi depth, effective fetch and distributio nity, secchi depth, effective fetch and distribution of fucoids • to identify threats to the sh generating patterns observed in fucoids distribution and abundance • to test the gis model and ns observed in fucoids distribution and abundance • to test the gis model and the correlations istribution and abundance • to test the gis model and the correlations observed between disturb ibution and abundance • to test the gis model and the correlations observed between disturbance es • to compile and describe the large- scale distribution and species diversity patterns of fl o compile and describe the large- scale distribution and species diversity patterns of flora an sh waters. data will be used to develop gis models of relationships between environmental facto ips between environmental factors, e.g. salinity, secchi depth, effective fetch and distributio nity, secchi depth, effective fetch and distribution patterns of associated organisms. • to ide nic disturbance regimes and species and functional diversity of associated flora and fauna. pro l main processes generating species and functional diversity of associated flora and fauna in t e key species fucus and the species and functional diversity of associated organisms. • to prod sed in planning and management of these ecosystems. genetic structure • analyze the genetic str habitats and with different phenotypic traits. • use existing and new data for ascophyllum nod nodosum and f. serratus to evaluate the intraspecific variation. • define evolutionary signific nagement tools. • to compile literature review and new research results and information within |
11592 | 10 | asuring and monitoring the structure of vegetation and seasonal changes in vegetation propertie
e of vegetation and seasonal changes in vegetation properties is important in better understand erstanding key processes such as forest growth and the carbon cycle. traditional direct measure processes such as forest growth and the carbon cycle. traditional direct measurements of import and of more detailed information on the nature of objects, such as the proportion of the beam a s been tested in laboratory trials, and modelling techniques have been used to understand the r he instrument for monitoring changes in vegetation characteristics over time, which would aid b er interpretation of data obtained from carbon flux measurement towers. knowledge gained from t ement towers. knowledge gained from the development and testing of salca can contribute to futu sting of salca can contribute to future development and application of multiple wavelength and |
14685 | 6 | till large gaps in our knowledge of the evolution of sexually selected signals. we know very li
cological and social factors behind the evolution of condition-dependent traits in birds, as we nd the evolution of condition-dependent traits in birds, as well as their physiological underly al and social factors have promoted the evolution of the aforementioned behaviours in the spotl he steroid reproductive hormones in the development and expression of these signalling behaviou have shaped them; 4 to examine whether traits involved in sexual communication in the spotless |
13753 | 2 | to dissecting mosquito vector olfactory function should yield results that will enhance our und
putative disruptors of the host seeking behavior of female mosquitoes. the effectiveness of the |
10263 | 9 | and even humans are influenced by large-scale cycles of sea ice formation. thus, sea ice is rec
ch is key for our predictions of future climate conditions as has become increasingly apparent in the last decade due to rapid global warming. the possible implications of a gradual loss of ponsible for 25% of primary fixation of carbon dioxide, which is as much as all tropical rain f are virtually the sole source of fixed carbon for higher trophical levels in ice-covered water by a reduction of sea ice due to global warming. despite the significance of polar sea ice alga ology. this is why the us department of energy . we will then sequence the transcriptome with h t also the predicted outcomes of global warming in polar oceans because ice free waters will mo of f. kerguelensis and large and small scale genome analysis will reveal the differences. |
7641 | 3 | echlor the project aims to implement an ecosystem approach through metagenomics and métaprotéom
thods little or no disturbance of local ecosystems is a challenge today. an integrated approach ssary. after a necessary and inevitable development in laboratory microcosms these approaches c |
14879 | 2 | such a way that the conservation of its natural capital be compatible with socio-economic activ
ithin a context of sustainable regional development. in essence, this consists in defining the |
14880 | 2 | such a way that the conservation of its natural capital be compatible with socio-economic activ
ithin a context of sustainable regional development. in essence, this consists in defining the |
14881 | 2 | such a way that the conservation of its natural capital be compatible with socio-economic activ
ithin a context of sustainable regional development. in essence, this consists in defining the |
14882 | 2 | such a way that the conservation of its natural capital be compatible with socio-economic activ
ithin a context of sustainable regional development. in essence, this consists in defining the |
13836 | 3 | but also of greatest importance for the development of sound strategies for the maintenance of
e significance of variation in trichome production, a character known to reduce damage from ins iation can be related to differences in climate and biotic interactions. our study system is ar |
10557 | 3 | the origin and colonization of the land by photosynthetic terrestrial
en species. our proposal is an exciting development following earlier analyses of the structure l knowledge and understanding on the co-evolution of one of the most ancient symbioses on earth |
11577 | 1 | ory of the different ways in which this climate-changing process occurs in different bacteria.
|
1945 | 9 | are major problems for sustainable food production. global economic developments have resulted
dutch biodiversity programme projects, model studies on natural plant-enemy interactions and f tural plant-enemy interactions and farm-scale stake-holder experiments. the interdisciplinary p the interdisciplinary proposal combines modelling, empirical meta-analysis, and a socio-economi proposal combines modelling, empirical meta-analysis, and a socio-economic assessment. postdoc t. postdoc 1 performs an empirical meta-evaluation using soils from biodiversity trials to inve gate how plant species diversity, plant functional diversity, and soil amendments, influence so evelops an above-belowground food-chain model based on recent studies and integrates the result udies and integrates the results of the meta-analysis of postdoc 1 in relation to crop protecti |
10377 | 4 | and contribute significantly to global productivity. they occupy environmental niches that typ
own homologue in the database and whose function remains cryptic. we hypothesise this polypepti his polypeptide plays a novel role in p metabolism or acquisition at low nutrient concentration ons. the proposal aims to establish the function of this protein by construction of an interpos |
14197 | 2 | that several bridge mutants affect cell growth and translational accuracy. bridge b2a was found
hese questions will help us to create a model describing the roles of individual bridges during |
15474 | 14 | e to predict the responses of plants to global change. one of the developed approaches suggests
ecological processes through the use of plant functional types. however, effective functional t oody plants. we suggest to improve this classification system using integrator traits as those classification system using integrator traits as those related to xylem which have been little nctional ecology. the analysis of xylem traits will allow improving the functional classificati its will allow improving the functional classification of woody plants to select those function with the highest adaptive value against climate change. such approach must be complemented with here proposed to simulate the effect of climate warming on the development of the xylem to anal posed to simulate the effect of climate warming on the development of the xylem to analyze how te the effect of climate warming on the development of the xylem to analyze how the temperature lopment of the xylem to analyze how the temperature rise affects xylogenesis, phenology, the pa e temperature rise affects xylogenesis, phenology, the pattern of secondary growth and the use is, phenology, the pattern of secondary growth and the use of non-structural carbohydrates in s predictions derived from the functional classification obtained through the fulfillment of the |
2009 | 14 | tion occurs when species have different life history traits, and exploit limiting resources in
hen species have different life history traits, and exploit limiting resources in different way for a large number of functional plant traits related to shade and drought tolerance. the asso ce. the association of co-evolved plant traits will be shown using a trait-correlation network. nd enable to predict plant responses to environmental change. based on these networks, species tworks, species will be classified into functional groups, that respond in a similar way to the s, that respond in a similar way to the environment. the functional grouping of trees is very i al forest conservation, management, and climate change mitigation efforts. the classification o rvation, management, and climate change mitigation efforts. the classification of the wealth of climate change mitigation efforts. the classification of the wealth of tree species into a lim f tree species into a limited number of functional groups allows to model forest communities, a d number of functional groups allows to model forest communities, and predict species responses ies coexistence, niche differentiation, functional groups, life history trade offs, trait corre che differentiation, functional groups, life history trade offs, trait correlation network |
11329 | 15 | nderstand how diversity arises in plant function. this has important implications for interpret
diversity and predicting the impacts of climate change. in this application, we propose to inve actors responsible for the diversity of growth traits among the world s grass species, addressi responsible for the diversity of growth traits among the world s grass species, addressing the ates, and allocate different amounts of growth to roots vs leaves. we are particularly interest way is classically thought to boost the growth of plants under hot conditions, in comparison wi y is a major axis of variation in plant function that has been invoked to explain significant c voked to explain significant changes in ecosystem structure in response to past episodes of cli ructure in response to past episodes of climate change, the turnover of grass species compositi nstrating that ecological adaptation to temperature and drought, and evolutionary history may e ally important role in explaining large-scale biogeographical and ecological patterns. in combi otosynthesis interacts with other plant traits, ecology and evolutionary history to influence p evolutionary history to influence plant growth. we will address these major issues by taking a e screening approach to investigate the growth traits of ~400 species under a range of environm ning approach to investigate the growth traits of ~400 species under a range of environmental c |
14136 | 14 | limited knowledge of functional traits of symbiotic fungal communities is ha
mpering the advance in understanding of ecosystem functioning in terrestrial habitats where the ntial. this proposal aims to assess the functional diversity of naturally coexisting arbuscular ess the relationship between horizontal growth of plants and functional groups of am fungi. 3.a between horizontal growth of plants and functional groups of am fungi. 3.assess biomass product al groups of am fungi. 3.assess biomass production of plants as a function of colonisation of d ssess biomass production of plants as a function of colonisation of different functional groups a function of colonisation of different functional groups of am fungi. there is limited data on ture of am fungal communities and their functional groups. the project intends to provide to fi ulturing of am fungi, real-time pcr and plfa based quantification of am fungi, pyrosequencing f ioning of fungal communities as well as ecosystems; the present and newly obtained fungal cultu ungal cultures may find use in inoculum development for agriculture, ornamental plant productio pment for agriculture, ornamental plant production, landscaping and ecosystem restoration. ental plant production, landscaping and ecosystem restoration. |
13939 | 7 | vailable nutrient resources and species distribution at a spatial scale relevant to soil hetero
resources and species distribution at a spatial scale relevant to soil heterogeneity and myceli ion at a spatial scale relevant to soil heterogeneity and mycelial size. experimental studies o onses to relevant inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus substrates. comparing the reali vant inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus substrates. comparing the realized niche of c resource utilization determines their distribution in the field. this will shed light upon th ificance of fungal biodiversity for the ecosystem function of boreal forest. |
7020 | 15 | ecosystems are threatened and transformed at unpreceden
versity loss for the services and goods ecosystems provide to humans, such as food production, systems provide to humans, such as food production, the maintenance of water quality and soil f ce of water quality and soil fertility, carbon storage, the mitigation of the effects of greenh and soil fertility, carbon storage, the mitigation of the effects of greenhouse gas emissions a cts of greenhouse gas emissions and the resistance to climate and other environmental changes. use gas emissions and the resistance to climate and other environmental changes. understanding interact to determine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across scales is therefore a majo significance of microbial diversity on ecosystem functioning by explicit coupling of microbial licit coupling of microbial ecology and community structure to biogeochemistry. despite conside ional role of microbial biodiversity in ecosystems. micdif entails intensive theoretical work i geochemistry, and advanced mathematical modelling. rather than studying terrestrial and aquatic r than studying terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in isolation, we also focus on the functiona he functional interactions across these ecosystems. this cross-system approach requires profoun ernationally competitive biodiversity - ecosystem function research in austria. |
15251 | 8 | global climate change is perhaps the most pervasive threat for
e conservation of current biodiversity. climate models make now available temperature projectio sity. climate models make now available temperature projections for the next decades with relat poral scales. to evaluate the impact of warming on organisms it is necessary, moreover, to know e the optima and the thermal limits for growth, reproduction and survival, and whether species ts through evolutionary change in these traits. the aim of this proposal is the enhancement of amphibians undergo variation in thermal stress along gradients of latitude and altitude, popula ures and tolerance limits, and in their stress-induced expression of molecular chaperons |
169 | 3 | functional traits of plants determine their reaction to
determine their reaction to changes in environment. the most important changes in species-rich ilar way to disturbance and the role of functional traits in species coexistence. |
13738 | 4 | processes. the fauna is classified into functional groups in relation to where they feed, their
and their feeding habit; altogether 25 functional groups. we hypothesise that biogeochemical p re positively correlated with number of functional groups . in this experimental study we will ents, and that this is related to fewer functional groups in the baltic sea. |
418 | 1 | e relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning has emerged as a major scientific
|
7135 | 4 | ture is to maintain the biodiversity in ecosystems anthropized. the research program aims to im
to improve knowledge of grassland agro-ecosystems. the innovative approach of this project is ased on their biology and their rate of carbon and nitrogen compounds will be related to those ir biology and their rate of carbon and nitrogen compounds will be related to those performed o |
14943 | 2 | of grazing vs. physical determinats of community gradients is analyzed in pastures dominated b
are carried out under the framework of functional traits with the aim to generate results of b |
14573 | 4 | ncludes: the build up of a data base on functional traits of plant species; the selection of gr
etically independent; identification of traits that provide invasiveness; quantification of the enetic inertia; statistical analysis of functional traits predominant in altered plant communit d estimations of allometry and relative growth rate; calculation of phenotypic plasticity accou |
10077 | 1 | dissolved organic matter establish and apply a set of assays, in
|
1953 | 4 | exual selection, is instrumental in the evolution of conspicuous secondary sexual traits in the
olution of conspicuous secondary sexual traits in the non-limiting sex of many animal species. species. it potentially also causes the evolution of reproductive isolation between diverging p architecture of preference and selected traits meets certain requirements, and if a new mutant |
12034 | 12 | ectomycorrhizas contribute to forest stability european forests are presently suffering from
es but also the quality and quantity of ecosystem services. these forests are dominated by soci ciation with fungi: the ectomycorrhizal symbiosis. the ectomycorrhizal complex plays a major ro le in biogeochemical cycles and primary production. however, its complexity and the lack of app es and primary production. however, its complexity and the lack of appropriate investigation me perimental approach chosen was based on ecosystem manipulation and response modelling: relevant on ecosystem manipulation and response modelling: relevant variables concerning the functional ural controlled factors.. thanks to the development, within the frame of the project, of new sp is now possible to explore in situ the functional diversity of ectomycorrhizal communities. th ustness of these communities and of the complementarity of their specific components. forestry ch as the increased ability to mobilize phosphorus from soil organic matter under drought condi sed ability to mobilize phosphorus from soil organic matter under drought conditions. il also a |
11079 | 18 | ly, forests contain a vast reservoir of carbon, approximately 30% of that in the biosphere, muc
nt is broken down to co2 and water, and nutrients are released. understanding what controls thi is balance is crucial for understanding carbon cycling, and for predicting carbon cycle respons ding carbon cycling, and for predicting carbon cycle responses to global climate changes. recyc icting carbon cycle responses to global climate changes. recycling of woody resources is almost cetes. thus, these fungi are central to carbon and nutrient cycling, and yet we still have rela eract with each other and how different community composition affects decay. key objectives of te these dynamics into global models of carbon cycling. the majority of decay takes place in fa eliminary evidence suggests that fungal community composition, when species become established, ect on the rates of wood decay and thus carbon cycling. we have a general understanding of fact ed logs do not reflect the situation in nature as they are not already well colonized. in this we will for the first time investigate community development when naturally colonized wood fal or the first time investigate community development when naturally colonized wood falls to the y wood decay rate, by measuring loss of density of slices in the field experiment. thus, we wil ic primary colonisers, by measuring co2 evolution and weight loss. thirdly, we will study how a related to decay rate, by following co2 evolution during the interaction. finally we want to kn ies affect decay rate, provide data for carbon cycling models, and possibly form the basis for tions of fungal communities to optimise carbon cycling. |
10832 | 6 | herbivores and pathogenic fungi, by the production of chemicals, active against the attacker. h
s against attack through their chemical production alternatively, if they cause no symptoms of arch to answer these questions, using a model system of creeping thistle can affect the numbers t resources then they might compete for carbon in the plant, thereby reducing the growth of the rbon in the plant, thereby reducing the growth of the symbiotic fungi. finally, when we have di hat effects fungal infection has on the growth and survival of a sucking, chewing and a galling |
7293 | 2 | most plants in natural ecosystems are colonized by invisible microscopic fungi
es that interact with plant - endophyte symbiosis |
10187 | 1 | gi, endophytic fungi, that show limited development in the leaves and cause no visible symptoms
|
12466 | 1 | t of marine protected areas nationally; development of marine management organisation inshore f
|
12337 | 1 | objective: to take work forward on the development of pressure data-layers, for use in the pla
|
12684 | 1 | •annual updates and climate change on butterfly populations
|
10253 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
10254 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
10754 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
11529 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
11533 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
9994 | 8 | in particular are important due to the ecosystem services they provide. the species compositio
. the species composition of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation mod tion of floodplain vegetation and their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in th nd their ecosystem functions simulation model predictions. in that way high resolution maps of ay high resolution maps of key soil and vegetation variables can be constructed. computer scien ence tools, e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist e.g. a so-called integrated development environment to help environmental scientist to set up a sis, parameter estimation and real-time model output, will be developed. |
10089 | 1 | future. the project will involve large-scale manipulative field experiments and microsatellite
|
14628 | 2 | e composition, structure, phylogeny and evolution of one of the most complex, structured and di
mine the phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the chalcidoid families ormyridae and tory |
10651 | 5 | who must fly away into an unpredictable environment, they give them variable reproductive poten
ay, a correlation between phenotype and environment is created that satisfies the assumption of bet hedging as an adaptive response to heterogeneity. a better understanding of bet hedging in in a changing, and extremely variable, environment. this may guide tactics for pest control in tactics for pest control in a changing climate, and may even suggest optimal tactics for human |
15248 | 2 | impact of anthropogenic sound on marine environment and marine animal species conservation . 4.
order to identify likely decompressive stress biomarkers associated with or without tissular m |
10101 | 1 | n other systems, where the overwhelming complexity of mhc diversity and host-parasite interacti
|
14700 | 3 | al or sexual selection on secondary sex traits. much research has shown that males and females
nt microhabitats, with consequences for growth, survival and population structure. we also aim play a major role in regulating species distribution in coastal dune systems which are in same |
9809 | 2 | to elucidate generalised mechanisms of evolution in toxin families and to show how allelic var
regulation adapt the organisms to their environment. |
15185 | 2 | gene flow rate estimates among several model tree populations. these estimates will be perform
tree species, central components of our ecosystems. |
15193 | 1 | the distribution of genetic variation within species is a d
|
10506 | 9 | are fundamental to an understanding of colonization, evolution and biodiversity. the research
al to an understanding of colonization, evolution and biodiversity. the research will examine t oceanographic processes, bathymetry and life history variation on dispersal and gene flow in tw two antarctic fishes that differ in the distribution of eggs and larvae and longevity. ocean ge odels such as the ocean circulation and climate advanced model will be used to analyse populati ocean circulation and climate advanced model will be used to analyse population structure at b with predictions from the oceanographic model. additionally, mtdna analysis will be used to exa c regime on dispersive phases and adult migration, thereby providing novel insights into the na ereby providing novel insights into the nature of biological and environmental constraints on d |
9922 | 9 | are fundamental to an understanding of colonization, evolution and biodiversity. the research
al to an understanding of colonization, evolution and biodiversity. the research will examine t oceanographic processes, bathymetry and life history variation on dispersal and gene flow in tw two antarctic fishes that differ in the distribution of eggs and larvae and longevity. ocean ge odels such as the ocean circulation and climate advanced model will be used to analyse populati ocean circulation and climate advanced model will be used to analyse population structure at b with predictions from the oceanographic model. additionally, mtdna analysis will be used to exa c regime on dispersive phases and adult migration, thereby providing novel insights into the na ereby providing novel insights into the nature of biological and environmental constraints on d |
7437 | 3 | project aims to assess the magnitude of habitat fragmentation at two plant species restricted t
ndscape structure and resilience of the habitat to the dispersion of pollinators. assistance re rs. assistance requested focuses on the recruitment of a lab technician for a year on travel ex |
11240 | 8 | l form an important part of the oceanic ecosystem, acting as predators on plankton and as a foo
art of the oceanic ecosystem, acting as predators on plankton and as a food source for a variet during the day to avoid visually guided predators. krill also synchronise their spawning and mo on. it has recently been shown that the abundance of krill has dramatically decreased in the an the extent of the sea ice due to global warming. in view of the importance of the species and t and the apparent threat from changes in climate, it is necessary that we fully understand krill limatic changes. in particular, regular recruitment to the stock is necessary to maintain popul e will make available to the scientific community. it is likely that other pelagic crustaceans |
11497 | 8 | l form an important part of the oceanic ecosystem, acting as predators on plankton and as a foo
art of the oceanic ecosystem, acting as predators on plankton and as a food source for a variet during the day to avoid visually guided predators. krill also synchronise their spawning and mo on. it has recently been shown that the abundance of krill has dramatically decreased in the an the extent of the sea ice due to global warming. in view of the importance of the species and t and the apparent threat from changes in climate, it is necessary that we fully understand krill limatic changes. in particular, regular recruitment to the stock is necessary to maintain popul e will make available to the scientific community. it is likely that other pelagic crustaceans |
6803 | 2 | iments, first we will carry out a large scale mutagenesis with the gene trapping transposon and
zygous viable mutations and the loss-of-function phenotype of the germline specific genes and s |
2193 | 2 | accurate sampling design and statistic evaluation • compare results over the five chosen ecosy
• compare results over the five chosen ecosystems and over geographic areas and relate to resu |
2011 | 9 | riation is the raw material of adaptive evolution, and understanding its generation is a crucia
rthermore, since genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity are a universal characteristic of living section of the genetic basis of complex traits. the study of wing patterns in bicyclus anynana lying phenotypic variation and adaptive evolution. wing patterns are visually compelling produc which of the genes contribute to trait evolution. we also know little about how the genetic an velopmental basis of variation in these traits influences their evolutionary change. bicyclus b ific studies for ecologically important traits. this project will integrate the study of the ge using modern genomic resources in gene mapping and expression-profiling, with a more classical this will address fundamental issues in evolution, as the origins of novelties and the patterns |
9830 | 1 | o cold tolerance. we propose to use the model vertebrate, the zebrafish, danio rerio, that offe
|
7393 | 1 | agement units and to propose actions of distribution patterns among stakeholders involved
|
7167 | 2 | istic which promote the rapid and large-scale dissemination of the parasites or viruses such co
initially treated. secondly, these high migration rates make difficult the emergence of local a |
15305 | 8 | s invasive species spread through a new environment they encounter novel selection pressures an
monitor the rate and predictability of evolution in the wild. historical records of clinal pat evidence of selection. rapid convergent evolution in the signs of the correlation between gene sting a directional response to current climate change. yet, the generality of seasonal changes been employed to monitor the impact of climate change on the genetic constitution of populatio onstantly recurring seasonal changes in climate-related traits superimposed on long-term trends ing seasonal changes in climate-related traits superimposed on long-term trends, as already det es can therefore reflect differences in seasonality across geographic locations and/or in time. |
14126 | 2 | t, was of fundamental importance to the development of human society and culture. following the
ology of different animals, such as the body size or robustness as well as horn characteristics |
14652 | 3 | an any other group, as a consequence of habitat destruction, water pollution, climatic change,
at the mncn and other institutions; the development of a bioacoustic tool to establish differen tter understanding of the diversity and evolution of andean amphibians, which will be instrumen |
14541 | 1 | h the aim of determinate levels and the distribution of inter- and intra- population genetic va
|
15238 | 13 | partial migration is the situation where part of a population l
ucial state for understanding the rapid evolution of migration or residency. this is particular or understanding the rapid evolution of migration or residency. this is particularly important otomy migrant-nonmigrant is caused by a threshold. this migration threshold is presumably not f nmigrant is caused by a threshold. this migration threshold is presumably not fixed but influen s caused by a threshold. this migration threshold is presumably not fixed but influenced both b t assumptions and predictions from this model have, however, not been tested yet. here, we prop t aims at testing the generality of the threshold model and at measuring the effects of environ testing the generality of the threshold model and at measuring the effects of environmental and esults of these different approaches to model how migratory behaviour changes in a population i a population in response to changes in climate with the aim of predicting whether migratory bi xciting new insights on the control and evolution of avian migration. s on the control and evolution of avian migration. |
15025 | 1 | uence becomes more evident. the current climate change proceeds inexorably and its negative inf
|
11616 | 1 | ant mechanisms of speciation in plants. evolution is generally considered to be a slow process,
|
7547 | 3 | logical and biogeochemical processes of ecosystems. the recent emergence of molecular biology m
ld bacteria, and their links with their environment. this project raises the question of whethe iversity and biogeochemical role in the ecosystem |
11015 | 5 | e diversity of life on this planet, the evolution and maintenance of cooperative behaviour rema
will first be important to identify the nature of the genes and pathways that regulate cooperat y that it simply is not be possible for evolution to mould them achieve the optimal or favoured y their fair share of the cost of stalk production. to achieve this goal, we will employ a nove determine the number of different ways evolution has allowed social strategies to be modified. |
9991 | 5 | e diversity of life on this planet, the evolution and maintenance of cooperative behaviour rema
will first be important to identify the nature of the genes and pathways that regulate cooperat y that it simply is not be possible for evolution to mould them achieve the optimal or favoured y their fair share of the cost of stalk production. to achieve this goal, we will employ a nove determine the number of different ways evolution has allowed social strategies to be modified. |
14543 | 1 | nding the processes of adaptation using traits with a simple genetic basis. however, less is kn
|
2549 | 1 | ure, the underlying basis of phenotypic traits, and its relationship to evolutionary change, is
|
6724 | 1 | l of retinoids are also involved in the development or these diseases. the aim is to find a gen
|
10704 | 9 | ntal, and the signalling value of these traits. in contrast, there has been a neglect of in dep
der appreciation of the variability and complexity of female preference behaviour. we have alre or effects or alternatively a more even distribution of effect sizes of genes across the genome studies measuring the responses of male traits to environmental stress, we do not expect this. sponses of male traits to environmental stress, we do not expect this. rather we believe that t this. rather we believe that the harsh environment will amplify genetic differences between fe emale eyespan and female fertility, two traits that strongly reflect resources available during urces available during larval and adult development respectively. we will test whether qtl for me genes for condition underlie several traits such as preference, eyespan and fecundity. |
11414 | 9 | ntal, and the signalling value of these traits. in contrast, there has been a neglect of in dep
der appreciation of the variability and complexity of female preference behaviour. we have alre or effects or alternatively a more even distribution of effect sizes of genes across the genome studies measuring the responses of male traits to environmental stress, we do not expect this. sponses of male traits to environmental stress, we do not expect this. rather we believe that t this. rather we believe that the harsh environment will amplify genetic differences between fe emale eyespan and female fertility, two traits that strongly reflect resources available during urces available during larval and adult development respectively. we will test whether qtl for me genes for condition underlie several traits such as preference, eyespan and fecundity. |
10923 | 13 | the evolution of land plants in the palaeozoic led to drama
lants in the palaeozoic led to dramatic environmental change. one of the direct results of the hange. one of the direct results of the development of the land flora was an increase in contin e activities gave rise to soils and the development of the complex terrestrial ecosystem. both development of the complex terrestrial ecosystem. both rhizoids and root hairs are required fo ed for the anchorage of plants to their growth substrate and for the uptake of water and inorga lants. here we propose to determine the function of these putative moss regulatory genes. we pr t the same regulatory genes control the development of rhizoids and root hairs and that this fu f rhizoids and root hairs and that this function has been conserved over the past 400 million y . if these genes do not control rhizoid development in moss it suggests that the root hair deve in moss it suggests that the root hair development pathway recruited genes with a different fu athway recruited genes with a different function in the ancestral plant. if the latter is true our analysis will define this ancestral function. |
10131 | 6 | at the centre of the evolution of life is the origin of new species. the bal
allow rapid sequencing of dna and large-scale determination of genotypes, as well as new insigh e exposure and the other to resist crab predation. these forms still exchange genes over most o kers and between markers and phenotypic traits. our data will significantly advance understandi will be applicable to other speciation model systems and will be valuable in identifying genes biology or the management of pesticide resistance. |
11417 | 6 | at the centre of the evolution of life is the origin of new species. the bal
allow rapid sequencing of dna and large-scale determination of genotypes, as well as new insigh e exposure and the other to resist crab predation. these forms still exchange genes over most o kers and between markers and phenotypic traits. our data will significantly advance understandi will be applicable to other speciation model systems and will be valuable in identifying genes biology or the management of pesticide resistance. |
10892 | 1 | arker to be scored. to test whether the model is plausible, the experiments will use sexual fem
|
6828 | 2 | agation we have to strive after genetic stability and obtain true-to-type plantlets. at the sam
ors are suspected to play a role in the development of genetic changes, the somaclonal variatio |
14438 | 5 | the contemporary approaches for development of a strategy for long-term gene conservati
important genotypes for nut and timber production. nevertheless the importance and multiple us r understanding the impact of genotype, environment and genotype x environmental interaction on urces in bulgaria and to assess current distribution range, genetic diversity and health status ific characters and quality of chestnut production. • to find out correlations between genetic |
7523 | 2 | ly the sustainability parameters in its development. the identification of specific genetic mar
resis - accompanied by the stock plants production layout should allow: ➢proposer in plantation |
7525 | 1 | tionary processes responsible for their distribution in french rivers.
|
10930 | 3 | nt perfection. these include a changing environment, historical or developmental constraints, c
process relevant information about the environment. determining the relative importance of the iour at all levels from the gene to the environment. |
1097 | 1 | peninsula, in close proximity with seed production areas for the cultivated varieties. gene flo
|
10961 | 3 | lling feather pigmentation, patterning, growth and distribution, and zone-specific expression.
er pigmentation, patterning, growth and distribution, and zone-specific expression. we will: us le of sexual selection in promoting the evolution of plumage genes. |
9979 | 3 | lling feather pigmentation, patterning, growth and distribution, and zone-specific expression.
er pigmentation, patterning, growth and distribution, and zone-specific expression. we will: us le of sexual selection in promoting the evolution of plumage genes. |
10374 | 4 | selection is the prime factor governing recruitment would avoid this problem. hybrid zones in w
compete other genotypes within a narrow habitat range satisfy this requirement, and would permi experiments leading to the detection of habitat-tolerance qtls, assuming that generation time o ity of f1s over other hybrid classes is habitat-mediated. |
11209 | 1 | f drosophila melanogaster to changes in temperature and parasitoid attack will be studied using
|
15297 | 1 | wledge about the genetic control of the development in ferns and in vascular plants in general.
|
10766 | 2 | been argued that sexual selection / the evolution of female mate preferences and male behaviour
will be able to assess if a behavioural traits diverge more quickly than others b males move be |
7520 | 2 | development of neutral molecular markers of the onset m
e onset mechanisms and dissemination of resistance genes |
14219 | 1 | or studying molecular adaptation in non-model organisms like atlantic salmon. another major goa
|
14781 | 2 | by non-native species is second only to habitat loss as a threat to global biodiversity. the br
isms that depend on them in hypersaline ecosystems. we aim to characterize the genetic diversit |
7166 | 3 | d surface. it is to be connected to the temperature reached by the sediment, allowing germinati
ected to the temperature reached by the sediment, allowing germination akinetes, cell resistanc nt, allowing germination akinetes, cell resistance to adverse conditions |
220 | 3 | nsists of many aspects, like variety of ecosystems, species, populations within species and gen
genera with different breeding systems, distribution range and population size and compare the riable reproductive modes and different distribution ranges. for this purpose we planned: ·to e |
2126 | 2 | genetic diversity drives evolution. processes which erode genetic variation, suc
find ancient, species-rich lineages in nature which have been inbreeding for millions of years |
14914 | 1 | escribed as well as the possible sexual migration asymmetries in central africa.
|
10198 | 1 | between 5 and 80% to the total primary production in lakes. for such an important group of org
|
7589 | 1 | y of genes pathogenicity will trace the evolution of different functional aspects of parasitism
|
6758 | 1 | alps and asia. the aim of the study is evaluation of genetic diversity of the central european
|
7546 | 4 | maintaining wood production in madagascar, the first energy source, requ
ood production in madagascar, the first energy source, requires the planting of eucalyptus. gol e of national resources for a sustained production of wood for the malagasy population. it is t recently introduced and sampling of old growth |
14775 | 1 | ant physical barrier to effective human migration. the relationships among linguistic differenc
|
7585 | 1 | within each breed, the dog is a unique model to analyze genetic determinism. in this context,
|
11606 | 1 | s. these repeated major oscillations in climate caused species to move their ranges, adapt or g
|
13765 | 4 | distributions where obvious barriers to migration are lacking. the moose is the most intensely
ally through hunting, and human induced mortality shapes the demographic and genetic dynamics o l provide results of importance for the development of guidelines for monitoring gene level bio ement units for species with continuous distribution. |
2111 | 2 | ditional fish feed with ge feed and the development of new generation dna vaccines may fundamen
nes may fundamentally alter the present production systems of fish feed , wild fisheries and fi |
15462 | 5 | population survival, regarding both the evolution of fitness and that of its genetic diversity
lation differentiation for quantitative traits. our aim is to study these processes, focusing i sing in the following objectives: - 1.- development of mathematical models providing reliable p h the corresponding consequences on the evolution of the average fitness - 3.- determination of metapopulation, regarding quantitative traits with complex gene action and genetic architectur |
6904 | 1 | enetic alterations, which influence the function of immune system, are associated with disease
|
14653 | 1 | ut the population relationships, as the evolution of a species can only be understood as a whol
|
15183 | 1 | freshwater colonization by invasive species has huge ecologic and
|
206 | 1 | at interest to international scientific community because revealing molecular mechanisms of ada
|
15055 | 2 | depression of fitness and its component traits in endangered populations, as well as the geneti
e components of the genetic variance of traits determining the evolutionary potential of popula |
7402 | 1 | overdominance. then we will evaluate a model where people passing cyclically by a small number
|
14870 | 3 | s or the deterioration of their natural habitat. the present project will deal with different a
grants needed to reach those levels. 2. development of efficient techniques to use the maintena nance of the original allelic , and the evolution of fitness. |
14869 | 3 | s or the deterioration of their natural habitat. the present project will deal with different a
grants needed to reach those levels. 2. development of efficient techniques to use the maintena nance of the original allelic , and the evolution of fitness. |
13973 | 1 | is to understand the genetic basis and evolution of defense mechanisms in plant-virus interact
|
10948 | 6 | ction requires information on trends in abundance over time. however, such data are often lacki
roject, we aim to develop a statistical model for reconstructing abundance trends using microsa a statistical model for reconstructing abundance trends using microsatellite data, and apply t ing microsatellite data, and apply this model to predict abundance trends over time in two enda e data, and apply this model to predict abundance trends over time in two endangered bird speci t population histories. the statistical model should have wide application for reconstructing p |
13484 | 3 | ect fitness characteristics and natural productivity. this project focuses on the commercially
lly based differentiation in phenotypic traits. evolutionary effects of fishing will be evaluat will deliver information necessary for development of biologically sound management strategies |
15223 | 1 | traspecific variability in quantitative traits considered adaptatives .
|
1098 | 2 | ibrium molecular markers and phenotypic traits in the samples of european germplasm will provid
vide indications of the potential of ld mapping in p.vulgaris. here, comparisons of the data ob |
15418 | 1 | aboratories where general hypotheses on evolution, biogeography, ecology and conservation can b
|
15419 | 1 | aboratories where general hypotheses on evolution, biogeography, ecology and conservation can b
|
6806 | 1 | l allow comparative studies on a larger scale that may help the diagnostic and research efforts
|
13525 | 3 | anthropogenic activities such as large-scale fisheries affect the genetic profiles of socioeco
pool retention using cod and herring as model organisms. based on observed genotypic patterns a bserved genotypic patterns and computer modelling we will assess the amount of temporal genetic |
10838 | 5 | the response of organisms to climate change may be limited by evolution at the range
sms to climate change may be limited by evolution at the range edge. studies on butterflies hav erse further to cross areas of marginal habitat. the range of the butterfly aricia agestis has ps associated with spread into marginal habitat. these data will identity genomic regions under ion structure during rapid responses to climate change. |
6743 | 1 | reveal the relationship between genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variation. scaling of char
|
14553 | 2 | y of pyrenean desman along its pyrenean distribution on rivers of catalonia, aragon and navarre
tructure of the species in the pyrenean distribution to contribute to the biological knowledge |
13847 | 3 | how genes and the environment interact in determining phenotypic variatio
ll be studied in relation to the biotic environment and climate change. relation to the biotic environment and climate change. |
13520 | 2 | aims of this project are to establish a classification of enchytraeids that is consistent with
nservation of swedish biodiversity, the production of the encyclopedia of the swedish flora and |
13871 | 4 | ulations ability to adapt to a changing environment. small and fragmented populations are signi
ill focus on the detrimental effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation that tend to erode of the research is to study aspects of habitat fragmentation and its role for loss of genetic loci determining ecologically important traits show different patterns |
6889 | 1 | re of species which are significant for nature conservation. in the present study, we have chos
|
6779 | 3 | lysis of foundler mutations in 3 romean community. the preliminary results have been published
inter rapeseed growing. for hybrid seed production we use male sterile and restorer lines. for ficial testing and starting hybrid seed production and propagation of parent lines. the first o |
13580 | 6 | erbicide resistant types and types with growth and flowering modifications. however, the ecolog
trees might influence biodiversity and ecosystem processes. by comparing the communities of ar and fibre characteristics or resistant traits support a different community of arthropods and or resistant traits support a different community of arthropods and pathogens than un-modified if the genetic modification will affect decomposition processes, macro-invertebrates in aquatic vital data that can be used in current development of gm trees and for future political decisi |
11137 | 7 | rovide a wonderful opportunity to study evolution in action. these simplified systems allow us
us to examine the role of genes and the environment in causing a form to diverge. one group of eir ecological requirements. therefore, competition for resources between related species may b offspring that do well in a particular environment or climates. selection may operate in a gra ne the genetic, physical and ecological traits of pairs of white-eye species in new caledonia, ated species in terms of their physical traits. this will also allow me to quantify the diverge d how they forage in those habitats. if competition between the two species is important in cau |
1995 | 3 | xtent organisms can adapt to a changing environment. this project will investigate the genetic
ly isolated, but occur sympatrically in nature. the species differ in courtship and reproductiv ations, which is the basis of darwinian evolution by natural selection. |
15255 | 3 | and its populations experience a strong climate gradient. research on its wealthy chromosomal i
polymorphism started well before global warming became an issue of major concern, but the histo of populations is responding to recent climate change. as numerous loci are located within dro |
14547 | 2 | habitat fragmentation is one of the most ubiquitous and
the genetic and demographic effects of habitat fragmentation, and the implications for populat |
2552 | 1 | e models will improve prediction of dms production and its effect on the global sulphur cycle a
|
10800 | 1 | / how do species form. the most recent development in our understanding of the speciation proc
|
15441 | 1 | the comparative framework to study the evolution of these target genes in the diversification
|
11766 | 5 | thanks to its versatile nature, saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent experi
cerevisiae is an excellent experimental model for biological and medical studies, including env alyses. s. cerevisiae has also become a model organism for pioneering studies on speciation and eering studies on speciation and genome evolution. the availability of vast amounts of sequence ity for an in-depth analysis of genetic redundancy, conservation of synteny and gene order in t |
10880 | 1 | a coordinated effort by the drosophila community and are having their genomes sequenced to a h
|
15299 | 1 | will be used to detect possible sexual migration asymmetries in north african populations.
|
10097 | 2 | evolution generally proceeds via step-by-step changes i
olyploidy on plant genome structure and evolution. |
13730 | 1 | tion covers lab running costs including development of nuclear microsatellite markers, some equ
|
10761 | 2 | production, creating a bias towards the production of daughters above sons . this proposal seek
ow much these parties drive each others evolution. |
10532 | 4 | ce in the major elemental cycles. their abundance as biological entities is only exceeded by th
us clues about their life strategy and evolution. it is not clear what these genome sequences cyanophage genomes, and considering the abundance, genetic and physiologic diversity of their h very informative in the context of the evolution and ecology of roseobacters and their phages |
2501 | 4 | h at exploring the causal links between growth rate, genome size and cell size and the evolutio
thesize that this could be related to a phosphorus allocation from dna to rna under p-deficienc ng elements the tight coupling of rapid growth and cellular rrna copy numbers, meaning that hig rna. the project will be based both on meta-analysis of existing data and by experiments with |
11486 | 1 | ronmental research is understanding the evolution and maintenance of genetic diversity. central
|
11396 | 6 | integrated with qtl and candidate gene mapping. genome-wide surveys of dna polymorphism over a
educed levels of variation and a skewed distribution of allele frequencies, while the opposite to selection, we shall investigate the function and role of such segments in two ways. first w we shall determine if qtls controlling traits that distinguish the three diploid senecio speci l determine if candidate genes of known function and likely to control traits implicated in div of known function and likely to control traits implicated in divergence and speciation are flan |
10692 | 1 | he role of non-coding dna in phenotypic evolution.
|
10702 | 2 | e moment-by-moment workings of adaptive evolution is essential for biological science. however,
account of a single moment of adaptive evolution - from primary dna sequence change, through t |
10739 | 2 | e moment-by-moment workings of adaptive evolution is essential for biological science. however,
account of a single moment of adaptive evolution - from primary dna sequence change, through t |
10578 | 2 | specific and, even after six decades of development, there is little understanding of the facto
s of cryoinjury in the spermatozoa of a model species a well-trained and versatile post-doctora |
2027 | 8 | with the rapidly changing environment, it has become even more important to under
variation, which is the core element of evolution, remains largely undefined. only now, with th are important in nearly all terrestrial ecosystems, and several insect species have evolved pot drosophila differ genetically in their resistance to parasitoids. this can be exploited to fin rmation about evolutionary processes in nature. moreover, in the laboratory one can select for one can select for increased parasitoid resistance. in this research, i will investigate what g abled the rapid acquiring of parasitoid resistance during artificial selection. finally, i will erved functional elements in parasitoid resistance among the 12 sequenced drosophila species. |
11046 | 6 | e exchange stems from a small number of model organisms. the recent sequencing of the populus g
al, yield-related, and ecophysiological traits in several populus species, including interspeci in evolutionary genetics and admixture mapping as utilized in human genetics. the present proj taset to conduct a replicated admixture mapping genomic scan for loci controlling leaf morpholo ped markers in plants with extreme leaf traits. the proposed work represents a significant step ssfully in situ to the expected rate of climate change. |
11287 | 6 | e exchange stems from a small number of model organisms. the recent sequencing of the populus g
al, yield-related, and ecophysiological traits in several populus species, including interspeci in evolutionary genetics and admixture mapping as utilized in human genetics. the present proj taset to conduct a replicated admixture mapping genomic scan for loci controlling leaf morpholo ped markers in plants with extreme leaf traits. the proposed work represents a significant step ssfully in situ to the expected rate of climate change. |
11243 | 5 | scientists are certain the global warming is occurring at an alarming rate, but we do not
n look even closer, and investigate the function of genes in the sections from different specie some sections will be so integral to a species identity that they cannot part with them. other th them. others will be selected by the environment and move to wherever they are needed, regar as helping us to understand how global warming will affect rare species. |
9820 | 8 | genetic changes contribute to adaptive evolution. to achieve such an understanding it is neces
mbine knowledge of the genetic basis of traits under selection with knowledge of how natural se lenge to achieve this goal because most traits of interest are complex, meaning that there are ffecting phenotypic expression. further complexity arises from the presence of epistatic intera nce of epistatic interactions, genotype-environment interactions and pleiotropy. although the e to dissect the genetic basis of complex traits, it remains unclear whether allelic effects esti to investigate the influence of gene-by-environment interaction effects on response to selectio rmed for a large number of life-history traits under both environmental conditions to investiga |
10690 | 2 | , a major contributor to marine primary production. s-pm2 exhibits a phenomenon termed pseudoly
m2 will be determined to facilitate the development of an understanding of the pseudolysogenic |
11060 | 2 | gical forms that each mimic a different model. from breeding studies it is well known that a si
ollowing up on older proposals that the complexity of diversity is likely to be controlled by e |
15478 | 10 | nd recently discovered legume-rhizobial symbiosis, that of lupinus mariae-josephi with its bact
r previous research has shown that this symbiosis is highly specific and that rhizobia nodulati gether with the very limited geographic distribution of the symbiosis, provide a rare opportuni limited geographic distribution of the symbiosis, provide a rare opportunity to investigate th nvestigate the diversity, phylogeny and evolution of the rhizobial symbiont and of the specific etic and functional determinants of its symbiosis with l. mariae-josephi. this investigation is r adaptation towards specificity in the symbiosis with l. mariae-josephi, with its characterist mariae-josephi, with its characteristic habitat; c are these and genes of interest. if this pro ariae-josephi root-nodule, diazotrophic symbiosis will become the model system for the study of diazotrophic symbiosis will become the model system for the study of the mechanisms of speciat |
9869 | 9 | type is a product of a genotype and its environment, and phenotype determines fitness, then spa
le predictions of the likely impacts of environmental change on tree species, then we must begi e of local adaptation requires parallel evaluation of evolutionary and demographic processes, a rom the gene to phenotype to population scale and apply this to a specially selected group of e nuclear genes related to environmental stress, phenology and wood formation, and in the mitoch genes related to environmental stress, phenology and wood formation, and in the mitochondrial hips but strong contrasts in geographic distribution, biology and ecology. fundamentally, the p nt of forest genetic resources and tree production quality, particularly under the climate chan duction quality, particularly under the climate change scenarios currently affecting adaptive o |
7298 | 3 | erize viral diversity present in a wild ecosystem, the fynbos of cap1, and within the bordering
d population parameters and the spatial mapping of all plant viruses present. moreover its expl ture on phytovirale diversity of a wild ecosystem |
10890 | 7 | lose to the postulated centre of a high-temperature anomaly has shown an anomalous zone of low
s unknown; it may represent a change in temperature and/or a zone of intense mantle upwelling a already been done by the pi. numerical modelling of the chemistry of these lavas together with l be used to constrain the composition, temperature and pressure of melting of the underlying m ould place important constraints on the nature of mass transport that occurs when these two dyn integrated geochemical and geophysical model to account for the causes of widespread active vo n will increase our knowledge of global-scale deep-mantle and earth surface processes. |
10286 | 13 | re kilometres - and store about as much carbon as do the living plants in tropical rainforests.
ts living on peatlands have been fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it as de in a future warmer, and possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to t nd possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to the atmosphere or leac fall lead to rapid loss of the peatland carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from land carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from peatlands could enhance greenhouse from peatlands could enhance greenhouse warming further, leading to a runaway positive feedback o a runaway positive feedback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift t edback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift to peatland types that a poses and how it responds to changes in temperature. of special concern is the bog-moss, sphagn osition that makes it very resistant to decomposition. our field site is a peatland in central ill help us to predict how the peatland carbon store will fare in the face of future climate ch n store will fare in the face of future climate change. |
10539 | 13 | re kilometres - and store about as much carbon as do the living plants in tropical rainforests.
ts living on peatlands have been fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it as de in a future warmer, and possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to t nd possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to the atmosphere or leac fall lead to rapid loss of the peatland carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from land carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from peatlands could enhance greenhouse from peatlands could enhance greenhouse warming further, leading to a runaway positive feedback o a runaway positive feedback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift t edback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift to peatland types that a poses and how it responds to changes in temperature. of special concern is the bog-moss, sphagn osition that makes it very resistant to decomposition. our field site is a peatland in central ill help us to predict how the peatland carbon store will fare in the face of future climate ch n store will fare in the face of future climate change. |
11043 | 13 | re kilometres - and store about as much carbon as do the living plants in tropical rainforests.
ts living on peatlands have been fixing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it as de in a future warmer, and possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to t nd possibly drier, climate, this stored carbon could be respired back to the atmosphere or leac fall lead to rapid loss of the peatland carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from land carbon store if so, then the extra carbon released from peatlands could enhance greenhouse from peatlands could enhance greenhouse warming further, leading to a runaway positive feedback o a runaway positive feedback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift t edback on global climate. or will rapid climate change trigger a shift to peatland types that a poses and how it responds to changes in temperature. of special concern is the bog-moss, sphagn osition that makes it very resistant to decomposition. our field site is a peatland in central ill help us to predict how the peatland carbon store will fare in the face of future climate ch n store will fare in the face of future climate change. |
10199 | 7 | 2d measurement in sediments on a micron scale of trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrient
ron scale of trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrients by planar optrodes have revealed m f trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrients by planar optrodes have revealed microniche s aled microniche structure. hot spots of microbial activity have been separately identified usin es will be developed to measure metals, oxygen and microbial activity simultaneously in freshwa developed to measure metals, oxygen and microbial activity simultaneously in freshwater and mar simultaneously in freshwater and marine sediment. the high resolution capabilities of in situ v |
10510 | 7 | 2d measurement in sediments on a micron scale of trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrient
ron scale of trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrients by planar optrodes have revealed m f trace metals by dgt and of oxygen aid nutrients by planar optrodes have revealed microniche s aled microniche structure. hot spots of microbial activity have been separately identified usin es will be developed to measure metals, oxygen and microbial activity simultaneously in freshwa developed to measure metals, oxygen and microbial activity simultaneously in freshwater and mar simultaneously in freshwater and marine sediment. the high resolution capabilities of in situ v |
14524 | 6 | ill analyse the main features affecting abundance distribution of wintering birds in farmlands
e the main features affecting abundance distribution of wintering birds in farmlands of norther birds in farmlands of northern spain, a habitat formed by a mixture of meadows, hedgerows and w ive pine and eucalipt plantations. this habitat is a major wintering ground for huge numbers of tegies or food-tracking tactics on bird distribution along the region. the results of these stu studies will be used for evaluating the carrying capacity of the area for wintering birds, whic |
15498 | 3 | ait of gibraltar stands out at a global scale by the diversity and singularity of its flora. on
anean heathland, a fire-prone shrubland community type associated to nutrient-poor, acid sandst reserve the biodiversity of this unique habitat. |
14969 | 5 | e, marginal populations will be used as indicators of response to climate change. response to c
ll be used as indicators of response to climate change. response to climatic variation, mostly y described by variation in irradiance, temperature and moisture, will be analyzed for both phy th physiological and reproductive plant traits. environmental effects, both direct and indirect lasticity as responses to environmental stress. an improvement in our knowledge of the role of |
14896 | 3 | lizards provide excellent model systems for documenting patterns of geographical
geographical variation in life-history traits, and to clarify the causes of such variation, be geographical variation of life-history traits from a explicitly historical, phylogeographic pe |
14168 | 1 | habitat of a population forms a background for its loca
|
14774 | 3 | to biosurvey and investigate microbial ecosystems from terrestrial oligitrophic habitats of di
at gains importance at the level of the ecosystem. identifying the different biogeomorphologica ithic substrate could have on microbial colonization, will provides relevant information for pa |
11378 | 3 | n arthropod species must originate from intraspecific variation. yet such variation is absent i
philomorph centipedes exhibit extensive intraspecific variation in segment number and so form a segment number and so form a potential model system for studying this issue. but the inheritan |
10154 | 2 | lifeforms and detailed records of past climate change. examination of these contents requires
rst fully characterised subglacial lake environment and the establishment of a candidate for fu |
10423 | 2 | lifeforms and detailed records of past climate change. examination of these contents requires
d measure and sample the lake water and sediment. no lake has yet to be explored in this way, h |
11773 | 2 | lifeforms and detailed records of past climate change. examination of these contents requires
d measure and sample the lake water and sediment. no lake has yet to be explored in this way, h |
14916 | 4 | gical tags has been analysed in various ecosystems, most frequently marine ecosystems postulati
ious ecosystems, most frequently marine ecosystems postulation of a global host/parasite model s postulation of a global host/parasite model being able to predict prospective parasite epidem s after an environmental disaster. this model might be applied in public health, particularly i |
10666 | 5 | s exciting possibilities to observe our environment in ways we have only dreamt of. we will use
gliders as part of our future ocean and climate observing systems will save tax-payers money si nental shelf. this is important because climate models suggest that the amount and properties o erturning circulation that controls our climate; we need to know if these are changing. this de ing industry will be less vulnerable to climate change than we have feared. in which case, kril |
10668 | 5 | s exciting possibilities to observe our environment in ways we have only dreamt of. we will use
gliders as part of our future ocean and climate observing systems will save tax-payers money si nental shelf. this is important because climate models suggest that the amount and properties o erturning circulation that controls our climate; we need to know if these are changing. this de ing industry will be less vulnerable to climate change than we have feared. in which case, kril |
10983 | 5 | s exciting possibilities to observe our environment in ways we have only dreamt of. we will use
gliders as part of our future ocean and climate observing systems will save tax-payers money si nental shelf. this is important because climate models suggest that the amount and properties o erturning circulation that controls our climate; we need to know if these are changing. this de ing industry will be less vulnerable to climate change than we have feared. in which case, kril |
11016 | 5 | s exciting possibilities to observe our environment in ways we have only dreamt of. we will use
gliders as part of our future ocean and climate observing systems will save tax-payers money si nental shelf. this is important because climate models suggest that the amount and properties o erturning circulation that controls our climate; we need to know if these are changing. this de ing industry will be less vulnerable to climate change than we have feared. in which case, kril |
12043 | 6 | global investigations on the distribution of endangered antarctic seabirds in relati
te the most important threat on pelagic ecosystems results from overfishing, with direct or ind irect or indirect impacts on the marine ecosystems in the southern ocean, the conservation stat rm the first global study of the at-sea distribution of 13 species of threatened southern seabi ened southern seabirds and their marine habitat, based on the tracking data analyses of 357 ind vealed the first descriptions of winter migration and dispersion patterns for several endangere |
14369 | 14 | ctives nowadays, food security and crop production variability become a major concern. moreover
systems. a major gap exists between the remote sensing operationally used and the current scien for local crop monitoring and the wide-scale operational system requirement. the research will grated approach providing area and crop production estimate by combining satellite remote sensi duction estimate by combining satellite remote sensing and crop modelling in a quantitative and ining satellite remote sensing and crop modelling in a quantitative and physically-based approa ill then attempt to develop more robust indicators of the crop production. methodology the over elop more robust indicators of the crop production. methodology the overall research strategy i crop monitoring system, i.e. croplands mapping and crop area estimation, eo monitoring, crop m op area estimation, eo monitoring, crop modelling and, assimilation of the eo-derived informati ge areas and to better monitor the crop development thanks to a quantitative coupling of eo-der to unusual growing conditions. new crop indicators should also be proved to be more robust than ical ndvi profile anomalies or absolute production estimate. besides the knowledge accumulation d, in particular when considering large scale experiment. finally, thanks to the openings to ke |
10644 | 11 | d and source of food. almost all of the ecosystem services provided by reefs are founded upon l
ded upon living corals which, through a mutualism with symbiotic algae, are able to deposit a c t a coral skeleton. unfortunately, this symbiosis is precarious and easily disturbed by thermal carious and easily disturbed by thermal stress; rapid increases in sea temperature of only 1 de thermal stress; rapid increases in sea temperature of only 1 degree can result in massive area ssociated with the intensity of thermal stress in 1998 , this nerc grant allows us to complete g the processes driving patterns of sea temperature on reefs and generate new hypotheses to fol ause they assess the scope for managing climate change on reefs throughout the world. those reg s great geographic variation in thermal stress will not lend themselves to a stratification of gement to address the problem of global climate change. as such, we anticipate a broad impact u e science of sustainable management and climate change. |
10424 | 4 | hree types of hotspot: based on species-richness, endemism and extinction threat, respectively.
es unusual in terms of their ecology or life history do the same mechanisms determine hotspots answered because effort has focussed on mapping hotspots, rather than understanding the mechani se massive new databases on the spatial distribution and biology of the world s birds to perfor |
10665 | 4 | hree types of hotspot: based on species-richness, endemism and extinction threat, respectively.
es unusual in terms of their ecology or life history do the same mechanisms determine hotspots answered because effort has focussed on mapping hotspots, rather than understanding the mechani se massive new databases on the spatial distribution and biology of the world s birds to perfor |
10683 | 4 | hree types of hotspot: based on species-richness, endemism and extinction threat, respectively.
es unusual in terms of their ecology or life history do the same mechanisms determine hotspots answered because effort has focussed on mapping hotspots, rather than understanding the mechani se massive new databases on the spatial distribution and biology of the world s birds to perfor |
9899 | 4 | hree types of hotspot: based on species-richness, endemism and extinction threat, respectively.
es unusual in terms of their ecology or life history do the same mechanisms determine hotspots answered because effort has focussed on mapping hotspots, rather than understanding the mechani se massive new databases on the spatial distribution and biology of the world s birds to perfor |
11041 | 9 | ction is the most dramatic of all large-scale biological crises that have taken place over the
event are held to have undergone a slow recovery and were responsible for carrying out a critic the beginning of the mesozoic era. this recovery was accompanied by a major remodelling of anim and plant communities, resulting in the dominance of certain groups that were poorly represente and the establishment of modern-looking ecosystems and food chains. but just how dramatic was t rs showed a sudden or steady decrese in abundance and went extinct forever before the end permi terms of biological signal and whether abundance levels in some geological sections do in fact sections do in fact reflect real taxon richness. corrections for missing portions of phylogeny iods of major biotic disaster and large-scale faunal transformations. |
428 | 8 | ractions between human beings and their environment, in a changing ecological and cultural cont
t seeks to understand the formation and development of biodiversity according to the uses and t ome aspects of the relationship between global change, animal diversity and human societies in space according to fluctuations of the environment, over the late glacial/late holocene period hows that the effects of the changes in climate are recorded in the various components of biodi big herbivores are evident and relevant indicators for piecing together the process of re-colon for piecing together the process of re-colonization of northern areas that has lead to the dev of northern areas that has lead to the development of the current wild fauna in temperate regi |
7144 | 8 | ted in interactions between man and his environment in an ecological and evolutionary sociocult
also interested in building process and development of biodiversity in connection with operatin s. aspects of the relationships between global change, animal biodiversity and human societies area. the data show that the effects of climate change are recorded in the various components o ivores appear as witnesses and relevant indicators to render the process of recolonization of t se, shortly before 12000, marked by the migration of reindeer towards northern countries for de reindeer towards northern countries for development of deer population. however, during the neo ures that could indicate access an open environment by neolithic groups. a configuration simila |
7212 | 7 | this project is to study the effect of global change on the biological and functional diversit
of global change on the biological and functional diversity of soil engineers madagascar, a wi ioning, is of utmost importance for the development of the island. one particular study the eff icular study the effect of land use and climate change on the abundance, diversity and function t of land use and climate change on the abundance, diversity and function of three main groups change on the abundance, diversity and function of three main groups of invertebrates: worms, related to the functioning of soils and ecosystems. the results of this project could help poli |
452 | 6 | ect of global changes on biological and functional diversity of soil engineers in madagascar, a
soil, is of greatest importance for the development of the island. we will in particular study ular study the effect of soil usage and climate changes on the abundance, the diversity and the f soil usage and climate changes on the abundance, the diversity and the functions of three maj rder to set up projects linked with the function of soils and ecosystems. the results of this p s linked with the function of soils and ecosystems. the results of this project could be of hel |
15416 | 3 | re with implications for the cycling of carbon and nitrogen of ecosystems. during the last 3 de
lications for the cycling of carbon and nitrogen of ecosystems. during the last 3 decades, ther r the cycling of carbon and nitrogen of ecosystems. during the last 3 decades, there has been a |
2008 | 2 | climate change at high latitudes is predicted to be gre
ing the responses of vascular plants to climate change, very little is known about the response |
417 | 6 | more unfortunate given that the natural ecosystems that are most threatened by human activities
on of species assemblages is related to migration within tropical landscapes fragmented by huma n the functioning and diversity of this ecosystem. our project attempted to study the structuri ring mechanisms of biodiversity at this spatial scale, both looking at local diversity . the re ation of biological data on species, 3/ development of a spatially unequivocal modeling system, development of a spatially unequivocal modeling system, 4/ extending the programme to other en |
7134 | 5 | able that tropical forests have natural ecosystems among the most threatened on the planet by h
position of species assemblages regards migration in fragmented tropical landscapes by man, and and temporal dynamics of this landscape scale. this study was conducted in one of the tropical e functioning and the diversity of this ecosystem. our project has sought to study the structur ural mechanisms of biodiversity at this spatial scale, both local diversity |
15171 | 11 | and the deep and rapid changes that the environment is undergoing in the last decades are havin
till known very little on the impact of global change on the mediterranean environment. species t of global change on the mediterranean environment. species indicators are a tool frequently u the mediterranean environment. species indicators are a tool frequently used for knowing and u impacts can affect the dynamics of its ecosystems. these cover a range of species that converg a range of species that converge in an ecosystem, and allow for analyses that yield general pa gent level and to a comparable regional scale remains unknown. thus, the starting hypothesis fo birds and butterflies on the effects of global change on biodiversity, although there is also a e changes in biodiversity at a regional scale through the use of data from large scale monitori cale through the use of data from large scale monitoring programs of different taxa. now, catal editerranean regions that possess large scale monitoring projects on birds and butterflies. thi |
15408 | 4 | effects of global change drivers on the local persistence of plant
ve rather than additive. in particular, climate change and human-driven fragmentation are expec expected to interact by both hampering migration routes following climate change and by modify th hampering migration routes following climate change and by modifying local selective pressur |
14534 | 11 | h project is focused in forecasting and modelling the behaviour and evolution of interhemispher
casting and modelling the behaviour and evolution of interhemispheric processes, relating them main scientific and technologic, as the evaluation of polutant fluxes, and the evolution of glo evaluation of polutant fluxes, and the evolution of global climatic change and his effect on t l climatic change and his effect on the ecosystems, related with the biological diversity, stud , to confirm the existence of phases of sedimentation and coastal retreat. another target are t e to increment the data about long time evolution in rocky coasts, as a way for dilucidate the rological stations. the data of present climate, will help to start the study of the climatic c ion; polinic records to reconstruct the evolution of the vegetation, climate and land uses; and rds to reconstruct the evolution of the vegetation, climate and land uses; and several isotopic struct the evolution of the vegetation, climate and land uses; and several isotopic tracers to |
9950 | 1 | anges in the atmosphere, such as rising carbon dioxide concentrations , and the climatic change
|
2459 | 5 | has been recorded for norway spruce in resistance towards h. annosum, but the defence mechanis
defence mechanisms contributing to host resistance remain poorly understood. the recent genome uencing of populus has made the genus a model to facilitate tree genetics. genome-wide transcri rway spruce clones showing differential resistance toward h. annosum. this will enable identifi used in a breeding program targeted to resistance of norway spruce toward heterobasidion. |
10824 | 3 | lease from sea-salt aerosol. open ocean production of reactive organo-halogens is however very
of such oceanic compounds is that their production tends to be patchy and their atmospheric con d aerosol recycling to reactive bromine production. data coverage will span coastal and open oc |
11069 | 14 | climate policy should be informed by robust and credibl
credible information on the impacts of climate change across the global domain; a global persp gation. the project assesses the global-scale impact of climate change using a range of linked ect assesses the global-scale impact of climate change using a range of linked impact modules a nge of linked impact modules and impact indicators, representing impacts on water resources, fl ts on water resources, flood risk, food production, biodiversity and human health and well-bein impacts occurring at different rates of climate change. the methodology and results of the proj he assessment of the impacts of defined climate policies. first, it allows detailed geographica ically-explicit assessments of specific climate scenarios or climate policies, using the suite sments of specific climate scenarios or climate policies, using the suite of linked models. sec id assessment of a very large number of climate outcomes using regionalised functions relating s using regionalised functions relating climate impact to indices of climate forcing. the proje s relating climate impact to indices of climate forcing. the project will be undertaken by a co ternational reputations in the field of climate impact assessment. |
9930 | 5 | we will use a simple model ecosystem to build a global view at the transcrip
we will use a simple model ecosystem to build a global view at the transcriptome l e expression in stressed and unstressed ecosystems will be examined by whole-genome microarray nents of the insect-plant-rhizobacteria ecosystem. we anticipate the discovery of potential mec potential mechanistic pathways by which environment and global gene expression interact to affe |
13802 | 7 | populations are today affected by large-scale climate changes. in order to understand how birds
tions are today affected by large-scale climate changes. in order to understand how birds respo e changes we need to understand how the environment affects different reproductive variables in variables to reproductive life-history traits is via a cascade of neuroendocrine and endocrine changes in environmental cues, such as temperature or food abundance than southern populations ental cues, such as temperature or food abundance than southern populations are. in the long ru s optimal conditions the further global warming goes - unless birds rapidly adapt to the new en |
15367 | 9 | at present, earths ecosystems face up to two major problems that are the e
of our planet and the increasing global warming produced by the greenhouse effect. this is an u ts is putting not only species but also ecosystems at risk. many scientists have remarked that us on monitoring mammalian biodiversity evolution at a continental scale occurred during the la biodiversity evolution at a continental scale occurred during the last 23 millions of years. we unities turnovers caused by past global warming episodes of a comparable magnitude to current w es of a comparable magnitude to current warming and at different temperature and duration scale ude to current warming and at different temperature and duration scales. the obtained informati ges reflect a unique response to global warming or if these changes fall inside what we could c |
13324 | 12 | many of the world's mountain ecosystems are moving along trajectories that couple hi
trajectories that couple high rates of environmental change with strong economic changes, whos trategy for detecting signals of global environmental change in mountain environments, for defi ain resources, and for facilitating the development of sustainable resource management regimes o: 1 long-term monitoring, 2 integrated modelling, 3 process studies, and 4 sustainable develop g, 3 process studies, and 4 sustainable development. the concepts developed in these thematic w ring a final open science conference on global change in mountain regions. by gearing the resea sting unesco infrastructure and ongoing global change research in these areas. the structure of osphere reserves provides ideal natural global change laboratories with core protected mountain y human activities. european scientific participation, capacity building and leadership will be his will be achieved through the active participation of biosphere reserve managers in the deve on of biosphere reserve managers in the development of the research strategy. |
13750 | 2 | onments are included at each site. soil temperature loggers are deployed at all summits since t
d the latnjajaure field station and its climate station. the first re-inventory was made at 15 |
2075 | 2 | the project will perform ecological and food web experiments with genetically modified organism
he food chain, and basic ecological and life history comparisons between control organisms and |
10064 | 4 | of the oceans where they carry out key ecological services. these include forming the main foo
t fisheries, the ability to control our climate and the generation of half the oxygen we breath climate and the generation of half the oxygen we breathe. plankton are tiny organisms, general eded to tackle the global challenges of climate, fisheries, pollution, and ocean acidification. |
11405 | 6 | such as escherichia coli o157 how will climate change, shifts in land use and extreme events a
e and extreme events affect the spatial distribution of pathogen sources and receptors are urba risks from pathogens in the soil-water environment to respond to these challenges we require a comes will be: a comprehensive critical review of the current state of the science, risks and p and at least one proposal for a larger-scale interdisciplinary research consortium based on th consortium based on the outcomes of the review. |
11584 | 6 | such as escherichia coli o157 how will climate change, shifts in land use and extreme events a
e and extreme events affect the spatial distribution of pathogen sources and receptors are urba risks from pathogens in the soil-water environment to respond to these challenges we require a comes will be: a comprehensive critical review of the current state of the science, risks and p and at least one proposal for a larger-scale interdisciplinary research consortium based on th consortium based on the outcomes of the review. |
14492 | 2 | tudy of some aspects of mammalian gonad development. we are currently investigating the express
osible existence of dose effects in the function of these genes, a fact that has already been e |
12367 | 1 | tive descriptors for ges and provide an evaluation of the scope of the initial assessment membe
|
13889 | 2 | r all aspects of harmful algal ecology, distribution, physiology, phylogeny, environmental cons
ylogeny, environmental consequences and mitigation of algal blooms. the international conferenc |
13408 | 1 | these provinces will be visited in all vegetation periods of grapevine during the study, local
|
12157 | 3 | is rarely allowed to flower. in a small-scale trial, plots of final cut silage left in situ ove
er has great potential as a future agri-environment measure aimed at farmland birds on livestoc e the influence of closure date on seed production in a range of widely grown perennial, italia |
14376 | 2 | ese improved inputs, along with adapted modelling processes and multiple scenarios testing can
to improving the buffalo-cattle contact modelling outputs. |
2059 | 6 | range conditions for reindeer, but the nature of this interaction is not known. assuming only
mprove range conditions through grazing facilitation or b deteriorate conditions through interf e whether sheep summer grazing leads to facilitation or delayed competition for reindeer on aut razing leads to facilitation or delayed competition for reindeer on autumn, winter, and spring ystem could ultimately improve reindeer production and the socioeconomic and cultural interacti optimal range use and avoiding delayed competition. |
10475 | 12 | lding understanding. once the essential nature and behaviour of the great race have been determ
the key task will be to understand how energy is distributed among eddies of different scales eddies of different scales and how this energy cascades between scales with increasing distance se features that a successful numerical model will represent accurately. model development is a erical model will represent accurately. model development is an integral part of this project. model will represent accurately. model development is an integral part of this project. the kn d. the initial focus will be on a local-scale model of the great race and its surroundings. a s initial focus will be on a local-scale model of the great race and its surroundings. a student incorporating knowledge gained at this scale into wider area models, potentially extending to re west coast of scotland. a west coast model that is skilful at the important small scales but rmed management of fisheries, renewable energy development and more. nagement of fisheries, renewable energy development and more. |
7250 | 5 | rway on biodiversity. the fight against climate change, the erosion of biodiversity process is
n initiative with a view to sustainable development. the determination of the state in this are nce to landscape aspects and the living environment, but increasingly in the various events of n green frame; * green belt; * regional nature parks and with them, the rural crown; * the gree green belt. * a spatial approach using gis is expected to locate areas of potential vulnerabil |
14773 | 1 | ially those functionally related to the nitrogen cycle.
|
14415 | 1 | green infrastructure
|
6853 | 2 | the green peas production mainly based in import varieties in hungary.
he special hungarian or nyirseg regions climate. that is why need the hungarian green peas bree |
7476 | 3 | on, live in countries affected by water stress problems; forecast variations in rainfall patter
rainfall pattern trends, due to global climate change, add to this already serious situation: ater scarcity due to several factors as climate change, growing urbanisation of coasts, tourism |
12623 | 18 | s hold the uk`s largest single store of carbon. in good condition, they can contribute to attem
ey can contribute to attempts to offset climate change due to fossil fuel burning, steadily dra sed by poor land-management, pollution, warming or drying, they can release co2 back to the atm o2 back to the atmosphere, exacerbating climate change. in addition, peatlands `leak` some of t addition, peatlands `leak` some of the carbon they hold into the rivers that drain them, as di s that drain them, as dissolved organic carbon , the amount of carbon released can increase if issolved organic carbon , the amount of carbon released can increase if peatlands become unstab t present, we do not know where all the carbon transported from peatlands into rivers goes. if s or coastal waters, this relocation of carbon from one secure store to another will not affect re store to another will not affect the climate. if, on the other hand, it is actively processe or to the more powerful greenhouse gas methane, this will contribute to global warming. by est methane, this will contribute to global warming. by establishing how much of the total river ca stablishing how much of the total river carbon flux is converted into greenhouse gases, we hope make a positive contribution to global climate by helping to lock up greenhouse gases. to dete . to determine the fate of the riverine carbon released from peatlands, we will study how the d study how the different forms of river carbon are processed at a range of critical locations w inking water treatment works where this carbon is removed by a variety of methods. the approach at proportion of each of these forms of carbon is ultimately emitted to the atmosphere as green |
11230 | 11 | ctiveness and distributional impacts of mitigation policy. there is strong interest in agricult
ere is strong interest in agriculture s mitigation potential in several ministries and province w on the role of agriculture in china s climate mitigation plans. there is growing evidence on role of agriculture in china s climate mitigation plans. there is growing evidence on agricult ysis of costs and benefits of different mitigation practices or supporting policies. such analy ies. such analysis would facilitate the development of an efficient budget from the sector and ry and market-based instruments for the mitigation incentives that can favour the poor. meeting et-based instruments for the mitigation incentives that can favour the poor. meeting these poli al and economic issues. this consortium development project will target the five broad project ring all the main areas of agricultural mitigation potential in china. this expertise will be b aborative research can only emerge when participation in the consortium provides real additiona |
14154 | 5 | the rise in atmospheric humidity and precipitation is expected to accompany the global clima
ion is expected to accompany the global climate change in several parts of the world including red radiation, can create an additional temperature rise. however, only a few scientific studie been committed about the functioning of ecosystems in altered atmospheric humidity conditions. cal processes can result in slower tree growth. the applicant has previously researched ecology |
7311 | 34 | ess in the technical mastery imbalances model in the resolution is more difficult than the stan
from different fields: macroeconomics, energy, transport , demography. . . . it is a project t should allow a real breakthrough in the community called integrated models through modeling str munity called integrated models through modeling structure most suited to the study of the deve ructure most suited to the study of the development strategies of sustainability conditions and work program is based on the numerical modeling effort cired around imaclim -r model. this mod modeling effort cired around imaclim -r model. this model is based on a modular architecture an ort cired around imaclim -r model. this model is based on a modular architecture and recursive. r architecture and recursive. the whole model consists of a sequence of static equilibria, desc ssive photographs governing the dynamic evolution of stresses and thus leading to model the gro olution of stresses and thus leading to model the growth and long-term changes in the economy. stresses and thus leading to model the growth and long-term changes in the economy. modeling s h and long-term changes in the economy. modeling structure adopted here acknowledges these diff agents to adjust their decisions under stress, techniques and installed capital for companies, d allows representing the technological evolution process, demographic, sociological, etc.. and ical, etc.. and the process of economic growth that results. finally coupled modeling of physic ic growth that results. finally coupled modeling of physical phenomena of concern - carbon cycl ling of physical phenomena of concern - carbon cycle and climate - also agrees satisfactorily w phenomena of concern - carbon cycle and climate - also agrees satisfactorily with this time hor derestimate the effects of inertia. . a model coupling structure from different fields it is to recursive structure creates a scalable model, in which the slow evolution of these systems des tes a scalable model, in which the slow evolution of these systems described additional modules ic balance of short-term. it may be the carbon cycle, the whole climate system, a technical mod . it may be the carbon cycle, the whole climate system, a technical module on energy and transp e climate system, a technical module on energy and transport infrastructure, or a change in lan xpected results expected results of the model are placed on three levels: * produce a set of fu * produce a set of future scenarios of climate change; * fuel discussions within the energy mo e change; * fuel discussions within the energy modeling forum; * conduct a synergy of efforts w e; * fuel discussions within the energy modeling forum; * conduct a synergy of efforts with mod um; * conduct a synergy of efforts with modeling laboratory jae edmonds in addition to these re o price; project results, including the model itself will be discussed in the context of energy elf will be discussed in the context of energy modeling forum. the model will be used among oth l be discussed in the context of energy modeling forum. the model will be used among others to e context of energy modeling forum. the model will be used among others to test future scenario |
2504 | 7 | udy in the lysefjord was the first full-scale experiment to use submerged brackish water discha
nhanced phytoplankton concentration and production. in this project we hypothesize that this en hesize that this enhanced phytoplankton production can efficiently be exploited to mitigate alg oject will study how mussel feeding and growth performance responds to the specific environment th performance responds to the specific environment of enhanced phytoplankton production from f c environment of enhanced phytoplankton production from forced upwelling. by implementing and a g. by implementing and applying the deb model we will study how food quantity vs active detoxif |
7141 | 3 | last 20 millennia in relation to global climate change. as part of this project, we set out to
nd simulate their distributions using a vegetation model their distributions using a vegetation model |
12706 | 6 | e authoritative guidance on appropriate development of brown filed sites, with emphasis on prot
biodiversity, recognising the priority habitat open habitat mosaics on previously developed la , recognising the priority habitat open habitat mosaics on previously developed land and recogn issioned project to define and map open habitat mosaics. the two projects will involve close co t will coincide with the definition and mapping of the priority habitat. definition and mapping of the priority habitat. |
12707 | 6 | a scoping review of the implications for wetlands of energy gener
iew of the implications for wetlands of energy generation and distribution activities, covering s for wetlands of energy generation and distribution activities, covering both the conventional ing both the conventional and renewable energy sectors, with reference to issues concerning cli rs, with reference to issues concerning climate change and wetlands, linking as appropriate to tives in these sectors and on issues of energy security in general. |
11644 | 5 | se to factors such as changes in global climate. phylogeography - the study of the evolutionary
biological communities. do members of a community commonly show similar histories of origin and ories of origin and range expansion the development of a multispecies approach is essential to this in turn is central to analyses of community structure. 2. they rarely consider the full l y rarely consider the full longitudinal distribution of widespread species. many species regard |
12677 | 5 | that explored options and to produce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity, associate
d to produce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity, associated explanatory text and m duce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity, associated explanatory text and metadata ble updates to the england biodiversity indicators and contribute to completion of the suite of ontribute to completion of the suite of indicators for reporting at the uk level to the convent |
12669 | 6 | this project will produce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity for the uk
will produce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity for the uk and for england. it wil duce an indicator of functional habitat connectivity for the uk and for england. it will have f rovide time-series data; 2. testing and evaluation of a range of metrics; 3. consultation on op metrics; 3. consultation on options; 4. production of recommended indicator and associated data n options; 4. production of recommended indicator and associated data. |
12670 | 5 | ed methodology and data sources for the production of uk and country level indicators of functi
the production of uk and country level indicators of functional habitat connectivity and provi country level indicators of functional habitat connectivity and provide recommendations for fu level indicators of functional habitat connectivity and provide recommendations for further de and provide recommendations for further development |
1932 | 12 | otion that when studying the effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation on biodiversity, it
actions of the species of interest, how habitat changes effect these interactions and the funct general hypotheses that as a result of habitat fragmentation and isolation the stability of mu habitat fragmentation and isolation the stability of multitrophic systems decreases because i w evel iv these processes are enforced by habitat fragmentation and isolation. more specifically e assume that especially parasitoids or predators are susceptible to habitat fragmentation comp sitoids or predators are susceptible to habitat fragmentation compared to their hosts leading t f the hervbivore to fragmentation. as a model system we will use senecio jacobaea, its speciali he component species and the effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation on the dynamics of be studied both on a local and regional scale. in joint effort with projects 3 and 5 a broad sc nt effort with projects 3 and 5 a broad scale inventory for a large number of species will be m lead to an operational system to derive thresholds for spatial and temporal standards for diffe |
11365 | 9 | habitat fragmentation is one of the greatest threats to
ield on the effects of fragmentation on species interactions and the structure of food webs are ecies interactions and the structure of food webs are scarce. a replicated, large-scale habitat od webs are scarce. a replicated, large-scale habitat fragmentation experiment involving bracke s are scarce. a replicated, large-scale habitat fragmentation experiment involving bracken habi wales will be carried out. quantitative food webs will be constructed for bracken herbivores an es about the impact of fragmentation on community structure, food web statistics, and the proce f fragmentation on community structure, food web statistics, and the process of community disas food web statistics, and the process of community disassembly will be tested. |
9955 | 9 | rsal as a process that counter-acts the evolution of differences between, and within, populatio
tions. as individuals move around their habitat, they effectively re-shuffle the characteristic generation. however, the fact that the environment varies means that some places are better sp e than others, and that there should be competition to settle in these places. if the ability t hese places. if the ability to win this competition is predicted by an individual s characteris s characteristics are provided in great abundance. the birds breed less successfully at high de e birds breed less successfully at high density because of competition for resources, meaning t successfully at high density because of competition for resources, meaning that these sites sho active than when a population is at low density, i.e. when nest-sites are in short supply. fina |
15262 | 9 | sis is the most relevant problem facing ecosystems around the world. the main causes of biodive
of biodiversity loss and the so-called global change are climate change and habitat loss and t oss and the so-called global change are climate change and habitat loss and transformation. the ed global change are climate change and habitat loss and transformation. there is a large conse ctive models to forecast the effects of global change on species conservation and ecosystem fun obal change on species conservation and ecosystem functioning. however, most of the proposed mo rch about their validity over different ecosystems or taxonomic groups. although niche conserva nservatism and response of organisms to global change challenges. as a result of this view, new ic models on the response of species to global change. furthermore, they can be used to design |
2186 | 6 | nsparency and reduce the quality of the habitat by making searching easier for visual hunters.
ined there. the presence in low quality habitat can be the overflow of individuals produced els roduced elsewhere. different aspects of habitat qualities in the forest landscape will be inves service. it will also contribute to the development of the environmental quality objective heal the research areas forestry methods and efficiency of protected areas, but also to monitoring o monitoring of population viability and ecosystem services. |
13602 | 15 | large resources are invested in habitat restoration in sweden each year, e.g. for grass
tioning. landscape level restoration of habitat networks have, although discussed, not been dev mented. we will investigate how species community reassembly and reconstruction of ecosystem fu munity reassembly and reconstruction of ecosystem functioning following habitat restoration are tion of ecosystem functioning following habitat restoration are linked to the structure of the nd on pollination which is an important ecosystem function provided by the insects. we will com ded by the insects. we will compare the community reassembly patterns to our current informatio ation on the order of disassembly after habitat loss and fragmentation, and assess if the speci ss and fragmentation, and assess if the species traits that predict re-colonization success are s if the species traits that predict re-colonization success are the same that predict extincti tribute to our general understanding of colonization and extinction processes in fragmented and restoration strategies at the landscape scale, an approach will become increasingly important f ome increasingly important for managing ecosystems that can buffer against multiple stressors s ging ecosystems that can buffer against multiple stressors such as land use conversion, invasiv nd use conversion, invasive species and climate change. |
2175 | 7 | -dimensional habitats. this may promote colonization of sea urchin predators that may reduce re
may promote colonization of sea urchin predators that may reduce recruitment of sea urchin pop of sea urchin predators that may reduce recruitment of sea urchin populations and induce a syst oject will investigate if small or meso scale artificial reefs may be used as tools to restore s. we will also study the importance of habitat complexity on different scales for the ecologic on different scales for the ecological stability on barren grounds. a combination of field man arren ground areas and increase primary production and biodiversity on the northern norwegian c |
15139 | 4 | species are not in equilibrium with the environment, and that their current distributions may n
we will be able to develop risk maps of habitat invasion. we will alos generate distribution ma habitat invasion. we will alos generate distribution maps of invasive species for current condi current conditions but also for future climate and landscape scenarios predicted for the regio |
15084 | 17 | carrying capacity determines the potential abundance th
rying capacity determines the potential abundance that a given freshwater system can support; t s of populations. however, there are no carrying capacity models for brown trout salmo trutta i the present project is to determine the carrying capacity of freshwater systems from physical h ity of freshwater systems from physical habitat simulations, habitat selection patterns and ter tems from physical habitat simulations, habitat selection patterns and territory size assessmen d territory size assessment. a study of habitat selection patterns will be carried out in order will be carried out in order to develop habitat preference curves for iberian rivers which will g very accurate simulations of physical habitat. on the other hand, an experimental study will be performed to build a territory size model which would permit to determine the effects of bo ould permit to determine the effects of body size, food abundance, density of competitors and h etermine the effects of body size, food abundance, density of competitors and habitat character e effects of body size, food abundance, density of competitors and habitat characteristics. the d abundance, density of competitors and habitat characteristics. the model will be then applied titors and habitat characteristics. the model will be then applied to wild populations under co ies. finally, a comparative analysis of carrying capacity data, estimated densities and effecti permit rehabilitation, restoration and mitigation measures to be performed at the right time. |
6869 | 7 | we investigate the role of spatial heterogeneity in the maintenance of biodiversit
odels is that we couple the dynamics of habitat patches with the dynamics of populations. the m mechanisms between the organism and its environment. we wish to identify those spatial structur rvival of a population, and compare the efficiency of various landscape management techniques o ment techniques on an evolutionary time scale, we model adaptation to the abiotic environment a iques on an evolutionary time scale, we model adaptation to the abiotic environment and to comp ale, we model adaptation to the abiotic environment and to competitors. we identify the evoluti |
10483 | 6 | dertake the first directed study on the distribution and behaviour of the deepest-living fishes
an areas have clear blue water with low productivity and there is likely to be very little natu is reached where there is insufficient energy to support active forms of life. secondly pressu s, muscles and vital processes cease to function. deep-sea animals have special adaptations to imals have special adaptations to allow function at high pressures but there may be limits beyo ow derivation of the first estimates of abundance and biomass of mobile life at these depths. t |
12379 | 1 | nd lakes. under certain conditions, the abundance of phytoplankton as a whole or of one or more
|
13598 | 3 | phytoplankton production is dynamic and the occurrence of blooms is h
use the diatom skeletonema marinoi as a model organism, and we differentiate populations by mic ticular season is well adapted to their habitat, e.g. in respect of hydrography, grazing pressu |
12388 | 1 | spatially-defined information on their distribution and trends, with particular emphasis on pr
|
10162 | 7 | recent examples of evolution occurring over the time scales of a few gener
n will allow us to describe the rate of evolution and how it vanes with harvesting strategy and ith harvesting strategy and the type of environment. it will also allow us to test a range of t oretical predictions about life-history evolution - such as does a varying environment lead to tory evolution - such as does a varying environment lead to individuals having a lower reproduc he populations ability to survive in an environment that may be changing due to global warming. ment that may be changing due to global warming. it will also give us some indication about whe |
2152 | 16 | in parallel with the increase in total production within the industry. estimated growth in the
oduction within the industry. estimated growth in the fish farming industry is supposed to caus and of marine proteins on a longer time scale. at present traditional marine biological recours r increase in marine harvest to sustain growth in the aquaculture industry, cannot be based on tive knowledge about standing stock and production of marine plankton, and the effects of harve e effects of harvesting plankton on the ecosystem in general and on commercially harvested fish e overall goal of harvest is to improve abundance estimates, assess keys stocks of zooplankton wer trophic levels. improved methods of abundance estimation and model driven stock assessment ved methods of abundance estimation and model driven stock assessment of plankton will form the edge of plankton population biomass and production at hand, effects of harvesting plankton will ankton will be explored with the use of ecosystem models. effects of harvesting will be quantif to plankton populations themselves, the ecosystem and with respect to food requirement for comm rvest on quantitative information about distribution, production and ecological role of plankto itative information about distribution, production and ecological role of plankton populations form an important knowledge base to the development of ecosystem-based management of fisheries. nt knowledge base to the development of ecosystem-based management of fisheries. |
2528 | 16 | in parallel with the increase in total production within the industry. estimated growth in the
oduction within the industry. estimated growth in the fish farming industry is supposed to caus and of marine proteins on a longer time scale. at present traditional marine biological recours r increase in marine harvest to sustain growth in the aquaculture industry, cannot be based on tive knowledge about standing stock and production of marine plankton, and the effects of harve e effects of harvesting plankton on the ecosystem in general and on commercially harvested fish ticular. the overall goal is to improve abundance estimates and assess stocks of zooplankton to wer trophic levels. improved methods of abundance estimation and model driven stock assessment ved methods of abundance estimation and model driven stock assessment of plankton will form the edge of plankton population biomass and production at hand, effects of harvesting plankton can harvesting plankton can be explored by ecosystem models with respect to plankton populations t to plankton populations themselves, the ecosystem and food requirement for commercial planktivo st ii to quantitative information about distribution, production and ecological role of plankto itative information about distribution, production and ecological role of plankton populations form an important knowledge base to the development of ecosystem-based management of fisheries. nt knowledge base to the development of ecosystem-based management of fisheries. |
2115 | 4 | els will however not only influenced by density-dependent processes but will also be strongly a
the choice of harvest strategies is the development of large local variation in management prac d when the goals and strategies for the development of the local moose populations are chosen. eeded because previous studies of moose population dynamics have shown that regulation of moose |
14377 | 5 | re on heathlands and peat-bogs, such as nitrogen deposition and desiccation, however remain hig
t catastrophic wildfires of 2011 in the nature reserves in the kalmthoutse heide have raised a vulnerability of these unique heathland ecosystems to uncontrolled fires. the overall objective all objective of this project is to use remote sensing as a tool to spatially and temporally in nteractions between fires and heathland ecosystems. |
14679 | 6 | e origin. the tinto river is an extreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrat
xtreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrations of heavy metals. these unusu to river is one of the most interesting ecosystems for the study of the biological organization ble origin.the main part of the primary productivity in the river is direct consequence of the ently the knowledge regarding the algae community of the tinto river and their role in this eco the tinto river and their role in this ecosystem is almost inexistent . the main objective of |
14777 | 2 | spermatozoon of plathelminthes and the evaluation of host-parasite models as indicators of hea
e evaluation of host-parasite models as indicators of heavy metal environmental contamination a |
10027 | 6 | mber of red blood cells in people as an indicator of our health. the chemical that makes blood
ical processes. in the marine microbial environment, however, very little is known about hemes. not have enough iron to support maximal growth. one potential effect of low iron concentrations d impair photosynthetic and respiratory efficiency and reduce productivity. in this fellowship c and respiratory efficiency and reduce productivity. in this fellowship i will undertake the f investigations into the effect of iron, nitrogen and light on heme levels in specific species o |
7217 | 3 | tern islands of the indian ocean have a development of basic and applied research, with strong
er, seagrass meadows are poorly studied ecosystems on these islands, while their major role as east africa demonstrate a multitude of ecosystem services making these herbaria a major compon |
9808 | 6 | how additive genetic variance for sperm traits is maintained despite selection. i will test two
ll test two hypotheses. that sperm size traits: covary with condition and other male traits. th s: covary with condition and other male traits. this is a novel extension to gr3/11936 which me the heritability of condition and other traits in male zebra finches, and assessed their effect in addition to the originally proposed traits, i have taken sperm samples from all males to te aintenance of genetic variance in sperm traits maybe explained. |
7434 | 2 | ating different aspects of heritage and functional diversity of fish communities, in order to p
ion: where and what priority action and recovery |
13325 | 16 | ights into the biodiversity, structure, function and dynamics of ecosystems along europes deep-
ty, structure, function and dynamics of ecosystems along europes deep-ocean margin. it represen tempt to understand european deep-water ecosystems and their environment in an integrated way b uropean deep-water ecosystems and their environment in an integrated way by bringing together e c relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning can be understood. study sites wi lides and deep-ocean circulation affect ecosystem development, and biodiversity hotspots, such deep-ocean circulation affect ecosystem development, and biodiversity hotspots, such as cold se genetic resources, global relevance to carbon cycling and possible susceptibility to global ch cycling and possible susceptibility to global change and man-made disturbances. past changes, strophic events, will be assessed using sediment archives. we will make estimates of the flow r ill make estimates of the flow rates of methane from the geosphere and calculate how much is ut for integrating science, environmental modelling and socio-economic indicators in ecosystem ma ironmental modelling and socio-economic indicators in ecosystem management. the results will un elling and socio-economic indicators in ecosystem management. the results will underpin the dev nagement. the results will underpin the development of a comprehensive european ocean and seas n and rehabilitation options for margin ecosystems. |
13340 | 6 | nowledge of the functioning of deep-sea ecosystems and their contribution to the production of
cosystems and their contribution to the production of goods and services. this will be achieved understanding is crucial, because these ecosystems are now being affected by climate change and se ecosystems are now being affected by climate change and impacted by man through fishing, res l dynamics and interconnection of ocean ecosystems and integrate socio-economic research with n and mediterranean and cover a range of ecosystems including cold-water corals, canyons, cold a |
14730 | 16 | of general laws regulating the temporal evolution of an ideal ecosystem governed by a general c
ting the temporal evolution of an ideal ecosystem governed by a general class of reaction-diffu atially heterogeneous of a very general nature, not exclusively competitive. in these models, t e global effects on the dynamics of the ecosystem provoked by the incorporation of local facili provoked by the incorporation of local facilitation effects within a competitive environment. cilitation effects within a competitive environment. in particular, it is planned to accomplish othesis concerning the debate diversity/stability, by incorporating local facilitation effects rsity/stability, by incorporating local facilitation effects into a competition model, as well ating local facilitation effects into a competition model, as well as finding out the over-yiel facilitation effects into a competition model, as well as finding out the over-yielding promote promoted by the incorporation of those facilitation interactions in a competitive environment. ilitation interactions in a competitive environment. moreover, it will be established the follo nism for generating biodiversity: local facilitation promotes permanence, through incrementing omotes permanence, through incrementing productivity, raw competition enhances segregation, and through incrementing productivity, raw competition enhances segregation, and spatial-temporal ances segregation, and spatial-temporal heterogeneity provokes bio-diversity through further ad |
2125 | 4 | just the fungal kingdom; it is a small ecosystem of bacteria, fungi , and algae. however, litt
ty in these communities. the subsurface distribution of organisms may, in part, be controlled b nism to take advantage of mineral-bound nutrients. the proposed research project will be the fi g of biogeochemical processes, the mini-ecosystem lichens, the ecology of microbes, for our glo |
11168 | 14 | climate change has been described as one of the most pr
nic water circulation controls regional climate change in north west europe and also affects ma rth west europe and also affects marine ecosystems, fisheries and climatic susceptibility to ma y to man-made emissions. if attempts to model the impacts of future climate change on marine ec attempts to model the impacts of future climate change on marine ecosystems and associated fish acts of future climate change on marine ecosystems and associated fisheries are to succeede, we st climatic changes have affected those ecosystems. this can be achieved by examining how clima limatic variability has impacted marine ecosystems during the last ~10000 years, the holocene. related to historical changes in marine climate obtained from a novel organic recorder develope ons in determining how predicted future climate change is likely to impact marine ecosystems an imate change is likely to impact marine ecosystems and humans who are the end users of comercia e the end users of comercially targeted ecosystems. additionlly, organic recorders of past temp north atlantic to help refine european climate predictions for the next 100 years. thus the hi ance in obtaining sub-annual historical temperature data for north atlantic oceanic circulation |
13798 | 1 | ool in basic ecological research and in habitat monitoring within agricultural landscapes. much
|
10270 | 5 | ific value upland peatlands offer vital ecosystem services from carbon storage, biodiversity, w
nds offer vital ecosystem services from carbon storage, biodiversity, water provision, flood pr is of crucial importance to protect uk soil carbon stores, as more than 50% of uk soil carbon l carbon stores, as more than 50% of uk soil carbon is stored in peat and is rapidly lost. rest ted to restore bare peat at a landscape scale in the uk; the moors for the future partnership . |
10898 | 1 | ionship between inundation patterns and vegetation patterns
|
13341 | 10 | assessed will include biodiversity and ecosystem services, including provisioning, regulating,
d strategies of households dependent on ecosystem services derived from highland aquatic resour conflict will be assessed. stakeholder participation will be critical to ensure new knowledge ible for collective decision-making and development of policies for the equitable use and conse table use and conservation; methods and indicators for participatory monitoring and evaluation cators for participatory monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem services and biodiversity will ticipatory monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem services and biodiversity will be developed. aying high biodiversity in asia and the ecosystem, livelihoods and institutional impacts assess ed through participatory monitoring and evaluation. best practices aimed at conserving biodiver conserving biodiversity and sustaining ecosystem services will be communicated to potential us |
7481 | 10 | assessed will include biodiversity and ecosystem services, including provisioning, regulating,
d strategies of households dependent on ecosystem services derived from highland aquatic resour conflict will be assessed. stakeholder participation will be critical to ensure new knowledge ible for collective decision-making and development of policies for the equitable use and conse table use and conservation; methods and indicators for participatory monitoring and evaluation cators for participatory monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem services and biodiversity will ticipatory monitoring and evaluation of ecosystem services and biodiversity will be developed. aying high biodiversity in asia and the ecosystem, livelihoods and institutional impacts assess ed through participatory monitoring and evaluation. best practices aimed at conserving biodiver conserving biodiversity and sustaining ecosystem services will be communicated to potential us |
15195 | 9 | uction. the satellite image bank of the gis and remote sensing lab of the doñana biological sta
the satellite image bank of the gis and remote sensing lab of the doñana biological station is ich we will use the radiometric data of landsat images to reconstruct flood levels, turbidity, od levels, turbidity, depth and aquatic vegetation cover of the marshes for the last 30 years. o develop new techniques to map aquatic vegetation communities, particularly to recent plant in se our capacity to discriminate aquatic vegetation species. we will fly an hyperspectral sensor nd will generate annual maps of aquatic vegetation communities and of the plant invaders. the f p a wetlands monitoring system based on remote sensing techniques for the doñana marshes, that and singular landscape in a scenario of global change. |
15004 | 1 | d north america by several authors, the richness of species of this subfamily is poorly known i
|
11640 | 2 | eventual extinction. experiments using model species, either in the laboratory or in closely-s
s can make to conservation science, and recovery of endangered species. |
14747 | 4 | uction. the satellite image bank of the gis and remote sensing lab of the doñana biological sta
the satellite image bank of the gis and remote sensing lab of the doñana biological station det op a wetland monitoring system based on remote sensing techniques for the doñana marshes, that and singular landscape in a scenario of global change. |
2135 | 23 | h arctic are characterized by low water temperature, long-term ice cover, low levels of nutrien
ure, long-term ice cover, low levels of nutrients and low biodiversity. thus, minor climatic ch ic freshwater fish by influencing gonad development and individual growth rate - two life histo encing gonad development and individual growth rate - two life history parameters strongly affe opment and individual growth rate - two life history parameters strongly affecting production a e history parameters strongly affecting production and subsequent year class strength. by using th. by using fish otolith-derived water temperature inferences based on otolith thermometry and ionships between climatic variation and life history parameters may be reconstructed. the circu iths provide a highly suitable tool for growth back-calculations, thus presenting an ideal mode -calculations, thus presenting an ideal model for studies on how environmental factors affect l ies on how environmental factors affect life history traits in arctic freshwater fish communiti vironmental factors affect life history traits in arctic freshwater fish communities. increased . increased temperatures and changes in precipitation, as consequences of global warming, are p recipitation, as consequences of global warming, are predicted to affect both terrestrial and a f the northern hemisphere. increases in temperature and precipitation are predicted as conseque emisphere. increases in temperature and precipitation are predicted as consequences of global w are predicted as consequences of global warming, and increases in winter precipitation will com global warming, and increases in winter precipitation will come in the form of more snow at ver dates, insulation, ice thickness, water temperature, break-up dates, all of which profoundly wo mine the effect of these factors on the life history of svalbard arctic charr using cutting-edg s and to use svalbard arctic charr as a model organism for predicting the consequences of diffe redicting the consequences of different climate change scenarios on freshwater ecosystem in the climate change scenarios on freshwater ecosystem in the arctic. |
10778 | 1 | hat corals approaches to quantify coral growth rates and styles of coral skeletal deposition in
|
15215 | 10 | ssils permit the reconstruction of past vegetation and environs where it has been established.
construction of past environs and their evolution until today can give us an idea about what ch he earth periods with greatest climatic stability and is precisely during this period when the nd mid holocene climatic changes on the vegetation during the period before the human colonizat tion during the period before the human colonization of the archipelago. the possibility of car l be carried aout. changes found in the vegetation could be related to past changes in climate ion could be related to past changes in climate and these relations would be used in the predic f vegetal communities or single species distribution ranges that may be enhanced by the coming nges that may be enhanced by the coming climate change. the baseline of ecosystems in gran cana coming climate change. the baseline of ecosystems in gran canaria, specially the evergreen lau |
10130 | 9 | past terrestrial responses to climate-ocean interactions in the north atlantic region
they show how changes in key aspects of climate that will be affected by future global warming, that will be affected by future global warming, such as ice sheet volume ocean circulation, ma c importance, including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we a including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we are beginning t ough we are beginning to understand the nature magnitude of changes in the circulation of the n nderstood in terms of timing, magnitude spatial pattern. it is imperative to rectify this defic lationships between oceanic terrestrial climate change, to enable future soil conditions water e of the ice sheet, 6800 years ago, the climate of the study area was indirectly influenced by |
10416 | 9 | past terrestrial responses to climate-ocean interactions in the north atlantic region
they show how changes in key aspects of climate that will be affected by future global warming, that will be affected by future global warming, such as ice sheet volume ocean circulation, ma c importance, including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we a including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we are beginning t ough we are beginning to understand the nature magnitude of changes in the circulation of the n nderstood in terms of timing, magnitude spatial pattern. it is imperative to rectify this defic lationships between oceanic terrestrial climate change, to enable future soil conditions water e of the ice sheet, 6800 years ago, the climate of the study area was indirectly influenced by |
11698 | 9 | past terrestrial responses to climate-ocean interactions in the north atlantic region
they show how changes in key aspects of climate that will be affected by future global warming, that will be affected by future global warming, such as ice sheet volume ocean circulation, ma c importance, including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we a including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we are beginning t ough we are beginning to understand the nature magnitude of changes in the circulation of the n nderstood in terms of timing, magnitude spatial pattern. it is imperative to rectify this defic lationships between oceanic terrestrial climate change, to enable future soil conditions water e of the ice sheet, 6800 years ago, the climate of the study area was indirectly influenced by |
9889 | 9 | past terrestrial responses to climate-ocean interactions in the north atlantic region
they show how changes in key aspects of climate that will be affected by future global warming, that will be affected by future global warming, such as ice sheet volume ocean circulation, ma c importance, including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we a including the atmospheric water balance soil moisture availability. although we are beginning t ough we are beginning to understand the nature magnitude of changes in the circulation of the n nderstood in terms of timing, magnitude spatial pattern. it is imperative to rectify this defic lationships between oceanic terrestrial climate change, to enable future soil conditions water e of the ice sheet, 6800 years ago, the climate of the study area was indirectly influenced by |
11333 | 2 | practices into the context of long-term ecosystem dynamics to improve our understanding of how
prove our understanding of how moorland ecosystems respond to changes in burning regime. new pa |
14531 | 3 | c desequilibrium caused by a high adult mortality. adults are known territorial and sedentary,
e adult home ranges, their foraging and habitat selection, and also its geographic, individual y and occupation of home ranges and its modelling. to analize this factors researchers will use |
10231 | 1 | ng quantity - in our case the energetic efficiency of carrying. this combination means that our
|
9802 | 1 | ng quantity - in our case the energetic efficiency of carrying. this combination means that our
|
14763 | 1 | uld provide information on key adaptive traits of the neandertals; the candidate genes are: fox
|
10924 | 2 | itional environments, and environmental/climate change, has been largely unrealised. however, t
t can be usefully applied as markers of climate change. |
11781 | 14 | stressors can cause changes in cellular function including the generation of oxidative stress,
n including the generation of oxidative stress, that is an imbalance between pro-oxidants and a the former. the traditional conceptual model sees oxidative stress as having damaging conseque itional conceptual model sees oxidative stress as having damaging consequences for living syste tic effects: physical activity and heat stress. in a first experiment i will test whether indiv l later in life have a better oxidative stress response to strenuous flight or to heat stress c response to strenuous flight or to heat stress compared to those of individuals that were subje riment, i will test whether a mild heat stress experienced during development upregulates antio r a mild heat stress experienced during development upregulates antioxidant defences, so improv o improving later in life the oxidative stress response to heat stress or strenuous flight, aga e the oxidative stress response to heat stress or strenuous flight, again in comparison with in perienced either no or more severe heat stress. the results of these experiments will provide a sequences of variation in the oxidative stress response and of the role that specific environme mising responses of the organism to the environment. |
10234 | 4 | by plant-feeding insects and the insect predators that feed on them. many of the predators in t
redators that feed on them. many of the predators in these communities attack many prey species s attack many prey species inflict high mortality on their gallwasp hosts, and recent work has population structure we find on foodweb complexity. more broadly, the use of oak galls as a stu |
10433 | 4 | by plant-feeding insects and the insect predators that feed on them. many of the predators in t
redators that feed on them. many of the predators in these communities attack many prey species s attack many prey species inflict high mortality on their gallwasp hosts, and recent work has population structure we find on foodweb complexity. more broadly, the use of oak galls as a stu |
15013 | 1 | ions in different ways, determining the distribution of the parasites or their vectors, modifyi
|
10703 | 21 | widespread and important in the natural environment. symbiotic associations can range from bein
ssociations underpin the functioning of ecosystems: mutualism can allow pairs of organisms to s underpin the functioning of ecosystems: mutualism can allow pairs of organisms to survive where ther would and parasitism can limit the growth of host populations. these symbioses are particu about how these associations shape the evolution and diversity of microbial symbionts. here we nts. here we want to understand how the evolution of symbiotic organisms is different under con tualistic. our approach is to study the evolution of a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the na dy the evolution of a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the nature of the association ranges fr a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the nature of the association ranges from parasitic to mutu rasitic to mutualistic depending on the environment: in the presence of mercury the association ause the plasmid has a gene for mercury resistance; and in the absence of mercury the associati because carrying the plasmid slows the growth of the bacteria. in nature carrying the plasmid id slows the growth of the bacteria. in nature carrying the plasmid allows bacteria to survive population sizes of bacteria to observe evolution in action. we will discover and contrast the ntinuum of environments that change the symbiosis from parasitic to mutualistic. - our study is ause we will, for the first time, study evolution across a parasitic-mutualistic symbiosis cont volution across a parasitic-mutualistic symbiosis continuum using a single symbiotic associatio - our study is relevant to the natural environment because such bacterial-plasmid associations nt role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function, particularly in response to heavy m l use an experimental approach to study evolution in action. - our study is timely because we w s in dna sequencing to directly observe evolution of genetic sequences in bacterial and plasmid |
11428 | 21 | widespread and important in the natural environment. symbiotic associations can range from bein
ssociations underpin the functioning of ecosystems: mutualism can allow pairs of organisms to s underpin the functioning of ecosystems: mutualism can allow pairs of organisms to survive where ther would and parasitism can limit the growth of host populations. these symbioses are particu about how these associations shape the evolution and diversity of microbial symbionts. here we nts. here we want to understand how the evolution of symbiotic organisms is different under con tualistic. our approach is to study the evolution of a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the na dy the evolution of a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the nature of the association ranges fr a bacterial-plasmid symbiosis where the nature of the association ranges from parasitic to mutu rasitic to mutualistic depending on the environment: in the presence of mercury the association ause the plasmid has a gene for mercury resistance; and in the absence of mercury the associati because carrying the plasmid slows the growth of the bacteria. in nature carrying the plasmid id slows the growth of the bacteria. in nature carrying the plasmid allows bacteria to survive population sizes of bacteria to observe evolution in action. we will discover and contrast the ntinuum of environments that change the symbiosis from parasitic to mutualistic. - our study is ause we will, for the first time, study evolution across a parasitic-mutualistic symbiosis cont volution across a parasitic-mutualistic symbiosis continuum using a single symbiotic associatio - our study is relevant to the natural environment because such bacterial-plasmid associations nt role in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function, particularly in response to heavy m l use an experimental approach to study evolution in action. - our study is timely because we w s in dna sequencing to directly observe evolution of genetic sequences in bacterial and plasmid |
10018 | 17 | how individuals might respond to their environment. parasites make up the majority of species,
have been undertaken at a large enough scale to improve our knowledge of host-parasite interac ries markedly in space, even at a local scale in the case of avian malaria in our tit populatio n important factor in understanding the spatial heterogeneity of disease. the risk of parasite in space, often due to variation in the abundance of infectious stages of the parasite. this ca ion in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, or inherent spatial processes l of disease infection due to the local environment, or because infected individuals have moved d great tits over a useful geographical scale to examine the influence of local environment and scale to examine the influence of local environment and host dispersal on the distribution of a l environment and host dispersal on the distribution of avian malaria infection. recent statist ecent statistical models to predict the distribution and spread of disease that take account of roups that each has a different spatial distribution. developments in the use of dna-based mala tions and environmental measurements of habitat variation using satellite imagery and microclim lected during this project, and a large scale field experiment to switch clutches of eggs betwe he extent to which the observed spatial distribution of the two malaria species results from ho finally, we will employ a mathematical modelling approach to examine the relative roles if hos es and leading to further empirical and modelling work. these three approaches are made possibl |
10290 | 17 | how individuals might respond to their environment. parasites make up the majority of species,
have been undertaken at a large enough scale to improve our knowledge of host-parasite interac ries markedly in space, even at a local scale in the case of avian malaria in our tit populatio n important factor in understanding the spatial heterogeneity of disease. the risk of parasite in space, often due to variation in the abundance of infectious stages of the parasite. this ca ion in environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, or inherent spatial processes l of disease infection due to the local environment, or because infected individuals have moved d great tits over a useful geographical scale to examine the influence of local environment and scale to examine the influence of local environment and host dispersal on the distribution of a l environment and host dispersal on the distribution of avian malaria infection. recent statist ecent statistical models to predict the distribution and spread of disease that take account of roups that each has a different spatial distribution. developments in the use of dna-based mala tions and environmental measurements of habitat variation using satellite imagery and microclim lected during this project, and a large scale field experiment to switch clutches of eggs betwe he extent to which the observed spatial distribution of the two malaria species results from ho finally, we will employ a mathematical modelling approach to examine the relative roles if hos es and leading to further empirical and modelling work. these three approaches are made possibl |
15178 | 11 | vidual animals commonly vary in general behavior from investigative, bold and explorative to he
be maintained through the links between behavior and life history. differences in host behavior through the links between behavior and life history. differences in host behavior may have con r and life history. differences in host behavior may have consequences for the risk of acquirin e to test for interactions between host behavior, parasite status and parasite transmission, us genera haemoproteus and plasmodium as a model system. we will quantify host personality behavio stem. we will quantify host personality behavior and relate that to natural variation in preval el of infection, results in a change in behavior. we will then relate host personality behavior r. we will then relate host personality behavior to risk of exposure to insect vectors of blood ve to vectors through their explorative behavior. this novel individual-based approach to the s ts, providing a link between individual behavior and population level processes in host-parasit |
9874 | 13 | arine biodiversity providing invaluable ecosystem services as millions of people are economical
anthropogenic stressors such as global warming, ocean acidification, rising pollution, overfis sing pollution, overfishing, attacks by predators or pathogens, salinity variations and increas ing, attacks by predators or pathogens, salinity variations and increased sedimentation might r gens, salinity variations and increased sedimentation might result in a dramatic loss of coral reef regions affected by high levels of stress and to forecast bleaching events in order to enh dictive capacity of currently available remote sensing techniques is limited by the fact that p fact that prediction is mainly based on temperature anomalies and does not consider the above m nsider the above mentioned multitude of stress factors that act together to increase susceptibi level. the proposed study will focus on temperature stress as an eminent threat for coral reefs roposed study will focus on temperature stress as an eminent threat for coral reefs. moreover, over, examination of the effect of this stress factor on the tissue content of host pigments is s to combinations of different forms of stress and refine the fluorescent protein-based bioindi |
14182 | 4 | the main factors influencing richness of plants and animals are relatively well unde
both niche differentiation and greater productivity. such ecological interactions involving mi . of microbes, fungi play a key role in decomposition interactions involving resource heterogen osition interactions involving resource heterogeneity and feedbacks from litter. in addition to |
11588 | 1 | host genotypes and phenotypes differ in resistance to the avirulent parasite and if the same ho
|
13760 | 1 | the level of reserve carbohydrate with resistance to attack. next, the volatile and surface ch
|
196 | 3 | ill be subjected to detailed study as a model system to reveal factors determining host specifi
specialized taxa in order to trace the evolution of host specificity. various methods of conte ugh playing an important role in forest ecosystems, this group has not been regionally revised |
13490 | 2 | ruses are extremely abundant in aquatic ecosystems typically outnumbering bacteria by a factor
the potential to control structure and function of microbial communities. as viruses are paras |
14704 | 11 | climate is believed to be the main determinant of speci
s geographic ranges, and the effects of climate change on species distributions are important f ave already changed in conjunction with climate warming, but the mechanisms determining the lim ady changed in conjunction with climate warming, but the mechanisms determining the limits to s s distributions are limited directly by climate, or indirectly, through the effects of climate , or indirectly, through the effects of climate and habitat on the distributions of interacting tly, through the effects of climate and habitat on the distributions of interacting species to limatic conditions influence population density and variability independently of host plant den variability independently of host plant density, specifically by determining rates of ovipositi the future responses of biodiversity to climate change both generally and in threatened montane oth generally and in threatened montane ecosystems. |
13845 | 4 | olutionary potential in fitness-related traits, 3 the role of natural selection vs. genetic dri
uantitative genetic variation in larval life history traits within and between subpopulations. enetic variation in larval life history traits within and between subpopulations. 2 determine t and the potential to adapt to changing climate. 4 compare molecular variation in adaptive and |
13922 | 7 | aim to improve our understanding of how competition hierarchies among boreal ants are regulated
logically very important in terrestrial ecosystems: they are extremely abundant, are involved i s and are able to alter their habitats. competition is thought to play an important role in str ittle is known about how the effects of competition interact with those of disturbances, such a ts on ant assemblages. i will use large-scale manipulative experiments to examine how competiti manipulative experiments to examine how competition hierarchies among boreal ants are regulated cesses and assemblages in boreal forest ecosystems. |
10063 | 2 | nges in individuals . third, we build a model to ask the question why did the observed parental
nts are conducted using an experimental model animal: a soil mite. this has a fast generation t |
11076 | 2 | nges in individuals . third, we build a model to ask the question why did the observed parental
nts are conducted using an experimental model animal: a soil mite. this has a fast generation t |
9876 | 9 | vegetation within river channels has a profound influen
it can significantly effect: i the flow resistance and thus influence water conveyance and ther flood risk; ii erosion, deposition and sediment transport rates; and iii the biological activi within the fluvial system. on a smaller spatial scale, vegetation also generates turbulence tha ial system. on a smaller spatial scale, vegetation also generates turbulence that drives both m understanding of the effect of aquatic vegetation on the generation, evolution and dissipation f aquatic vegetation on the generation, evolution and dissipation of coherent flow structures i iments using novel automated turbulence mapping techniques in the uk s best-equipped environmen the increased drag from the presence of vegetation which will enable an improved parameterisati |
12255 | 8 | id a subsidy to remove land from arable production. the scheme was introduced as part of eu agr
ith conventional intensive agricultural production. many studies have been conducted to investi ge from arable cropping to set-aside on soil organic matter and soil microbial biodiversity. so matter and soil microbial biodiversity. soil organic matter as they are an important group invo lved in soil biogeochemical cycling and carbon flow and because methods for assessing their pop w the effect of loss of set-aside other ecosystem services mediated by soil to be determined, p ence water quality. the extent to which soil properties and geographical location determines di e to which microbes show biogeograpical distribution will determined, allowing judgements to be |
10820 | 1 | viduals process information about their environment. we will test how females adjust their beha
|
10965 | 7 | rhizosphere carbon flow is central to the functioning of grassland
central to the functioning of grassland ecosystems but there is virtually no information on the nship between the processes involved in carbon flow and the diversity, community structure and olved in carbon flow and the diversity, community structure and resilience of the microbial pop this project aims to assess rhizosphere carbon flow following input of a 13c pulse and simultan he different approaches for analysis of ecosystem function and microbial diversity will determi sity will determine whether rhizosphere carbon flow drives diversity. |
13797 | 15 | salinity is a decisive factor for the distribution of a
salinity is a decisive factor for the distribution of animals in the marine environment but t e distribution of animals in the marine environment but the knowledge is still limited on how s t the knowledge is still limited on how salinity affects the most numerous metazoans of the sea . copepods are key organisms in pelagic food webs, constituting a crucial link between primary ds as food. previous studies in coastal ecosystems showed that salinity is important for the sp udies in coastal ecosystems showed that salinity is important for the species composition and d of species experimental evidence on how salinity affects growth and fitness as well as copepod mental evidence on how salinity affects growth and fitness as well as copepod functional biolog questions will be addressed: 1 how does salinity affect the survival, gross growth efficiency a oes salinity affect the survival, gross growth efficiency and reproductive success 2 does salin inity affect the survival, gross growth efficiency and reproductive success 2 does salinity aff iciency and reproductive success 2 does salinity affect the role of copepods as grazers on phyt ds exhibit any behavioural responses to salinity methods will include traditional bottle incuba s and facilitate the prediction of fish production in a future with changing climatic condition |
10911 | 12 | in the open ocean - the earth s largest ecosystem, of profound importance to global biogeochemi
mportance to global biogeochemistry and climate. photoheterotrophic prokaryotes use light for e heterotrophic prokaryotes use light for energy but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carb tes use light for energy but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source and conseque cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source and consequently use organic molecules fr equently use organic molecules from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirements. despi s from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirements. despite considerable advances in t isms the role of solar radiation in the metabolism of bacterioplankton in the ocean is difficul lly test and to examine by mathematical modelling a hypothesis that sar11 alphaproteobacteria a heterotrophic use of light at the ocean scale. in order to meet the above objectives we will fo rescence in situ hybridization and nano-scale secondary-ion mass spectrometry in conjunction wi aim is to establish the input of solar energy into the microbial world of the open ocean beyon |
10980 | 12 | in the open ocean - the earth s largest ecosystem, of profound importance to global biogeochemi
mportance to global biogeochemistry and climate. photoheterotrophic prokaryotes use light for e heterotrophic prokaryotes use light for energy but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carb tes use light for energy but cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source and conseque cannot use carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source and consequently use organic molecules fr equently use organic molecules from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirements. despi s from the environment to satisfy their carbon requirements. despite considerable advances in t isms the role of solar radiation in the metabolism of bacterioplankton in the ocean is difficul lly test and to examine by mathematical modelling a hypothesis that sar11 alphaproteobacteria a heterotrophic use of light at the ocean scale. in order to meet the above objectives we will fo rescence in situ hybridization and nano-scale secondary-ion mass spectrometry in conjunction wi aim is to establish the input of solar energy into the microbial world of the open ocean beyon |
11401 | 17 | natural ecosystems provide important services to humans, such a
f food, the prevention of flooding, and carbon sequestration. however, they are increasingly un der threat from global changes, such as habitat destruction and global warming. in order to mai such as habitat destruction and global warming. in order to maintain natural ecosystems it is l warming. in order to maintain natural ecosystems it is vital to understand how they work. tro t is vital to understand how they work. trophic interactions between groups of organisms - inte the main factors determining how these ecosystems are structured. but the nature of these inte hese ecosystems are structured. but the nature of these interactions is poorly known, even in w e proportion of the biomass in tropical ecosystems across the world, and are known to be ecosys s across the world, and are known to be ecosystem engineers i.e. they are one of the main contr in contributors to the structure of the ecosystem. termites do this by moving soil around, and for a small number of species, as much predation of termites by ants takes place underground. d termites not by direct observation of predation events, but by looking for termite genetic ma ta will allow us to construct a partial food web for the different species of ants and termites about the impacts of processes such as habitat conversion and climate change on the structure rocesses such as habitat conversion and climate change on the structure of natural ecosystems. mate change on the structure of natural ecosystems. |
10970 | 2 | es. this will provide insights into the population dynamics and evolutionary consequences of th
re vital to understand host-parasite co-evolution between the honeybee-varroa mite and viral pa |
15450 | 2 | ntish plover charadrius alexandrinus as model species. also, we will study whether such a trade
he ability of females to cope with heat stress, as for females there would be a trade-off in th |
2102 | 2 | tion, which is the term used in ant, of nature and society, in this case represented by codfish
agement have had success in translating nature and society, but not in ending disputes about wh |
2167 | 2 | the coastal heath ecosystem is classified as greatly endangered under the
large alien coniferous species. the un millennium ecosystem assessment , and the strategic pla |
7721 | 3 | genetic resistance of plants to pests and diseases are essentia
ential components of a sustainable food production. resistance genes prove an effective way of nents of a sustainable food production. resistance genes prove an effective way of controlling |
10488 | 7 | il record to reconstruct the faunas and ecosystems that were present before humans spread aroun
isotopic analysis. comparisons with the abundance and diversity of similar animals alive in oth similar comparisons with modern island ecosystems can also suggest whether we can identify any ses will also be studied by researching habitat preferences of hispaniola s surviving mammals, t these animals may have had with their environment, and possible effects that their extinction xtinction would have had on west indian ecosystem structure. this improved understanding of the uggest appropriate methods of restoring ecosystems to their original equilibrium, an especially |
10520 | 11 | ihoods, food security, and cultural and ecological integrity of rural subsistence-oriented hous
ither mitigate loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services or that exacerbate losses. an unprec extinction of species is underway, and climate change is affecting species range and phenology e change is affecting species range and phenology, leading to new species configurations that a new species configurations that affect ecosystem services in unpredictable ways. with climate em services in unpredictable ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entaile ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entailed in human population growth, alteration entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalen on entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalent. in th ecognise that humans, biodiversity, and ecosystems must co-evolve and co-adapt. however, human cision makers to consider biodiversity, climate change and human livelihoods together . |
11528 | 11 | ihoods, food security, and cultural and ecological integrity of rural subsistence-oriented hous
ither mitigate loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services or that exacerbate losses. an unprec extinction of species is underway, and climate change is affecting species range and phenology e change is affecting species range and phenology, leading to new species configurations that a new species configurations that affect ecosystem services in unpredictable ways. with climate em services in unpredictable ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entaile ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entailed in human population growth, alteration entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalen on entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalent. in th ecognise that humans, biodiversity, and ecosystems must co-evolve and co-adapt. however, human cision makers to consider biodiversity, climate change and human livelihoods together . |
9951 | 10 | ither mitigate loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services or that ex-acerbate losses. an unpre
extinction of species is underway, and climate change is af-fecting species range and phenolog change is af-fecting species range and phenology, leading to new species configurations that a new species configurations that affect ecosystem services in unpredictable ways. with climate em services in unpredictable ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entaile ways. with climate change and continued habitat alteration entailed in human population growth, alteration entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalen on entailed in human population growth, novel ecosystems will become even more prevalent. in th ecognise that humans, biodiversity, and ecosystems must co-evolve and co-adapt. however, human cision makers to consider biodiversity, climate change and human livelihoods together . |
11477 | 1 | o test hypotheses of the affinities and evolution of early humans in mexico in the context of t
|
13796 | 8 | advance my analytical capacity to study habitat use, behavior of free-ranging animals and lands
alytical capacity to study habitat use, behavior of free-ranging animals and landscape ecology. of animal resource selection, prey anti-predator behavior, and landscape ecology to assess the resource selection, prey anti-predator behavior, and landscape ecology to assess the effects o nvironmental and human factors on moose behavior in different environments. my working hypothes s that i expect moose to show avoidance behavior , resulting in a ´landscape of fear´ in space se space use using resource utilization function in relation to infrastructure and environmenta oad-crossings, i will develop a general model concerning risk assessment using a multi-year dat |
11081 | 5 | s are regarded as the most species rich ecosystems in the oceans but they are also probably the
d, as well as collections of rubble and sediment made. animals will be extracted from coral and ted from coral and rubble in the field. sediment samples will be preserved and transported to o ofauna extracted from coral and rubble. sediment will be subject to extraction of environmental rsity comprised by elements of the reef community that are rarely studied. data obtained on hum |
15060 | 7 | habitat fragmentation reduces the flow of individuals b
ed dramatic declines due to agriculture intensification, and human-induced habitat fragmentatio ture intensification, and human-induced habitat fragmentation. the iberian peninsula represents ther important human-induced sources of mortality, on great bustards in iberia, and to propose ays to reconcile agricultural and rural development with species survival. this will be achieve two decades on individual behaviour and population dynamics indicate ways to minimize human imp the conservation of the species and its habitat. |
10464 | 6 | n populations will be used to study the evolution and migration of humans around the indian oce
will be used to study the evolution and migration of humans around the indian ocean rim. mitoch dies of the same specimens, allowing an evaluation of the phylogenetic utility of such data. pa reconstructions and combined with paleo-vegetation and climatic data to create a detailed palae a multi-disciplinary synthesis of human migration and evolution in the area. linary synthesis of human migration and evolution in the area. |
15301 | 3 | eriods in the frame of the recent human evolution, and the permeability of geographic and cultu
he gene flow. besides, the study of the distribution of surnames will provide clues on the natu n of surnames will provide clues on the nature of internal migrations after their implantation |
13342 | 3 | ves and aspirations of people. beliefs, perceptions, attitudes and preferences about biodiversi
sess the social, cultural, economic and ecological functions and impacts of hunting across a ra ders to develop novel approaches to the mitigation of natural resource conflicts involving hunt |
2130 | 2 | and this needs to be modeled in a stock-recruitment context for both atlantic salmon and brown
m the molecular studies will be used to model population viability in the absence/presence of i |
15463 | 3 | ally reproducing organisms suggesting a model of reticulate evolution. chamois between the two
anisms suggesting a model of reticulate evolution. chamois between the two species of chamois w be analyzed. comparison of the spatial distribution of trans-specific polymorphisms at mhc and |
14939 | 1 | , whether there is interespecific sperm competition betwee the common quail and the non native
|
2092 | 2 | ce of new variability in the subsequent evolution of the species. the importance of hybridizati
alizing preferred mate choice caused by competition. we will test the hypothesis by analysing t |
7639 | 3 | y and leads to their persistence in the environment. the project idea, following existing preli
rbances that modify the physicochemical nature of the medium. the model chosen is that of polyc ysicochemical nature of the medium. the model chosen is that of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon |
10441 | 3 | the bed sediment of coarse-grained alluvial channels is often o
elatively homogeneous grain-size called sediment patches. differences in patch texture generate dynamic structures that provide diverse habitat opportunities and ensure the availability of re |
7658 | 4 | al contamination and its impacts on the ecosystem. the biological indices currently used to def
politan territory: reflections of urban development in ile de france network of r2ds. sisteo th oject aims to analyze the impact of the development of metropolitan paris in the suburban terri mination and biological response of the ecosystem adapted to high anthropogenic hydrological sy |
11271 | 1 | e subsurface lithoautotrophic microbial ecosystem to test whether just cracking of rocks can pr
|
10100 | 2 | . the determination of the presence and abundance of hydrothermal venting along this remote and
s many slow-spreading ridges and to the evolution and biogeography of vent-specific fauna. the |
10217 | 5 | of biodiversity in our planet s largest ecosystem. our proposal targets the mid-cayman rise , a
vens has revolutionised ideas about how ecosystems can be supplied with energy and even provide out how ecosystems can be supplied with energy and even provided clues to the origins of life. to understand what controls the global distribution of species in these island-like extreme en mal vent on the mcr. these include high-temperature systems associated with an undersea mountai |
10907 | 5 | of biodiversity in our planet s largest ecosystem. our proposal targets the mid-cayman rise , a
vens has revolutionised ideas about how ecosystems can be supplied with energy and even provide out how ecosystems can be supplied with energy and even provided clues to the origins of life. to understand what controls the global distribution of species in these island-like extreme en mal vent on the mcr. these include high-temperature systems associated with an undersea mountai |
11875 | 4 | on. yet because we cannot use standard remote sensing techniques using electromagnetic radiati
te acceptable results. for example, the model must generate vents with the temperature measured the model must generate vents with the temperature measured on the seafloor and the heat outpu surface geology or fluid flow directly, modelling is often the only way of determining whether |
14563 | 1 | ns 216 species and 244 subspecies. this richness is considered one of the most important in the
|
7047 | 2 | mponents in soil playing a key role for soil health. many species of hypocrea/trichoderma have
bioresources require their detection in nature and preservation in collections of living cultur |
14748 | 1 | regard to bryophytes, what increase the distribution data, catalogues and the publication of po
|
15414 | 1 | about the natural history, geographical distribution and species biology
|
14570 | 1 | chenical flora in the iberian peninsula review and redaction of fuscideaceae, grafidaceae famil
|
14984 | 2 | e the information about the ecology and distribution of each taxa, and to carry out distributio
ribution of each taxa, and to carry out distribution maps in the studied area. 5. to publish al |
14986 | 2 | e the information about the ecology and distribution of each taxa, and to carry out distributio
ribution of each taxa, and to carry out distribution maps in the studied area. + the results wi |
14855 | 1 | be finished. besides this, cataloguing, distribution analysis, identification and publication o
|
10885 | 4 | e case. the planned research focuses on climate change during a time period known as the oligoc
ill provide the data to test and refine climate models and may provide information useful for p mation useful for predicting the future climate response of abrupt warming, from the ice sheets g the future climate response of abrupt warming, from the ice sheets to the tropics. |
1985 | 6 | ated n/p ratios that favour f. japonica growth. also, f. japonica growth and winter survival wi
r f. japonica growth. also, f. japonica growth and winter survival will benefit from climate ch h and winter survival will benefit from climate change related increases in mean sea water temp nge related increases in mean sea water temperature, as measured in the dutch wadden sea. these highly characteristic mucocysts or the production of brevetoxins on fish behaviour and mortali on of brevetoxins on fish behaviour and mortality, at the same time allowing for a comparison b |
15402 | 2 | strates in reactions cometabolicas. the efficiency of the proposed technologies will be assesse
logy to end users is raised through the participation of a company of spanish bioremediation |
15480 | 3 | on the biodiversity as a result of the climate change, between other factors, and considering
eat limitation for the knowledge of the nature of these fungi, that is the delineations of its se available for the rest of scientific community for future studies. |
7218 | 2 | nd economic interest in the sustainable development of Madagascar and the Indian Ocean region.
l protection and especially sustainable development to answer these questions, this study is ba |
458 | 3 | c and economic interest for sustainable development in madagascar and the region of the indian
nd which are the methods of follow-up / evaluation that it would be relevant to establish in or stlines and particularly in sustainable development in order to answer these questions, this st |
15433 | 2 | nd endangered species, depends on gonad development, which is controlled by several genes. neve
regulatory genes in testis and ovarian development, respectively, mmu-mir-124 y mmu-mir144 may |
10616 | 1 | hts into the forces driving ecology and evolution in future larger follow up studies.
|
12279 | 14 | upply, a balance is needed between food production and the maintenance of healthy and diverse e
the maintenance of healthy and diverse ecosystems. • water is the most important factor limiti the most important factor limiting crop production, and water availability during the uk growin cline. water abstraction for field crop production needs to be balanced with maintaining surfac water flows and ground water levels. • nitrogen inputs are a major source of co2 emissions • l r source of co2 emissions • leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from soils results in poor wate o2 emissions • leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from soils results in poor water quality. • e been steep increases in the prices of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and supplies of ph increases in the prices of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and supplies of phosphorus are phosphorus fertilizers, and supplies of phosphorus are non-renewable. existing elite crop varie develop new varieties that can maintain productivity with lower inputs. such varieties will all hnique known as genome wide association mapping , it will be possible to identify loci that con sible to identify loci that control the traits of interest. once loci are identified, varients ee if they confer increased resouce use efficiency. in this 6 month project we will collect tog |
10102 | 2 | es to recognise homologous genes in the environment using molecular biological techniques. this
rstanding dms degradation in the marine environment. |
15103 | 17 | ding of non lineal processes that drive ecosystem dynamics was originally described in shallow
constitutes a new point of view for the modelling of ecosystem dynamics. our team has been moni new point of view for the modelling of ecosystem dynamics. our team has been monitoring for mo goon of s'albufera des grau, a pristine ecosystem with changes between macrophytic and phytopla c and phytoplanktonic states. in 2007 a regime shift was reported, and the lagoon turned into a d state after seven years of macrophyte dominance. this project is aimed to the identification entification of both regimes at century scale with a palaeoecological approach. we will analyse cological approach. we will analyse the carbon and nitrogen isotope composition in organic matt pproach. we will analyse the carbon and nitrogen isotope composition in organic matter, as well bon and nitrogen isotope composition in organic matter, as well as photosynthetic pigment conte gment content. moreover, two proxies of salinity will be studied from calcite geochemistry in o alcite geochemistry in ostracod valves: oxygen stable isotope composition and trace element geo we will generate another time series of salinity from the simulation of this key factor by a dy is key factor by a dynamic hydrological model that is fed by daily climatic data. another outpu ly climatic data. another output of the model will be a time series of the torrential water inp o the comprehension of the frequency of regime shifts and its possible forcing factors, as well its expected tendency in relation with climate change |
12613 | 2 | ich is an essential input into any risk evaluation. the situation is compounded by the current
arrented. evidence will be gathered via review of literature and online materials together with |
11364 | 5 | ere fluxes is an important component of climate prediction. models for making flux predictions
ions to and from plant canopies vary in complexity depending on the processes perceived to be d reducing the likelihood of prejudicial model selection. this project will use recursive estima dependencies of an established wue-rue model as a means of identifying an appropriate level of of identifying an appropriate level of complexity required to predict surface-atmosphere fluxe |
13886 | 8 | n. the project will foster knowledge on ecosystem response to various types of restoration. thi
used. these will be located to riparian ecosystems. such systems have high natural values, are t difficult to restore because of their complexity. the project will evaluate riparian restorat location in the landscape is basic for ecosystem structures and processes. i predict that rest d processes. i predict that restoration efficiency varies with location in the catchment and wi . the project will evaluate restoration efficiency by using plant germination, establishment an ng plant germination, establishment and production as indicators. this is made by using phytome nation, establishment and production as indicators. this is made by using phytometers. the proj |
12406 | 6 | n the licensing of round three windfarm development looking at 1 collating key details on colli
e of existing and novel avian collision mitigation options, 3 estimate the extent to which thes nimise bird collisions, 4 contribute to development of a quantitative model for the wind indust ribute to development of a quantitative model for the wind industry to use as a tool to reduce mes available. the currently identified mitigation option of enforcement of a mandatory shut do rd collision and develop a quantitative model for the wind industry to reduce bird fatalities. |
10502 | 2 | cation and assessment of organismal and ecosystem responses to, adaptation to, and selection by
knowledge of the health of the aquatic environment thus protecting our aquatic resources and b |
10244 | 2 | cation and assessment of organismal and ecosystem responses to, adaptation to, and selection by
knowledge of the health of the aquatic environment thus protecting our aquatic resources and b |
10246 | 2 | cation and assessment of organismal and ecosystem responses to, adaptation to, and selection by
knowledge of the health of the aquatic environment thus protecting our aquatic resources and b |
10742 | 2 | cation and assessment of organismal and ecosystem responses to, adaptation to, and selection by
knowledge of the health of the aquatic environment thus protecting our aquatic resources and b |
11220 | 2 | cation and assessment of organismal and ecosystem responses to, adaptation to, and selection by
knowledge of the health of the aquatic environment thus protecting our aquatic resources and b |
12227 | 7 | re updating and improving. for example, nitrogen , but not on mature field crops. increased pre
environments and water quality, and the energy required and carbon dioxide evolved in their pro er quality, and the energy required and carbon dioxide evolved in their production and use, wil red and carbon dioxide evolved in their production and use, will also increase the need to mana ith over 85% of mined p is used in food production, and field vegetable crops being very respon icient use. we will conduct an in depth review of literature on the p response of field vegetab th practical and strategic research and development to support more effective p use by vegetabl |
9844 | 8 | igh-pressure, and in some cases extreme temperature, growth of piezophiles. the cold- and press
and in some cases extreme temperature, growth of piezophiles. the cold- and pressure-loving ba terium profundum, has been adopted as a model system to understand piezophile growth. this bact a model system to understand piezophile growth. this bacterium is an ideal model system since, hile growth. this bacterium is an ideal model system since, although it grows optimally at high e important for cold- and high pressure-growth. thus, the aims of this research are to characte t insights into the basis of piezophile growth and, since photobacterium is considered to be a the effect of pressure on microoganism growth. |
10581 | 3 | ast population vicariance. however, the development of hypotheses to test with these techniques
s predicting geographic variation using gis. these will be tested using partial mantel tests on ing in dna markers. this will provide a model methodology for such studies in a range of organi |
11840 | 24 | of birds and mammals often have larger body size in the colder parts of their geographical ran
surface over which heat is lost to the environment. however, it has become apparent that cold- s is an important topic, because global climate change will expose animals to changing temperat change will expose animals to changing temperature and we need to understand how they will res tly relevant to understanding how their growth efficiency is altered by temperature. to do this evant to understanding how their growth efficiency is altered by temperature. to do this, we sh w their growth efficiency is altered by temperature. to do this, we shall focus on a small anim erent populations are grown in the same environment shows that they differ genetically in size. s that they differ genetically in size. temperature seems to be a critical variable in the evol seems to be a critical variable in the evolution of larger body size at higher latitudes, beca cal variable in the evolution of larger body size at higher latitudes, because experiments wher atory also result in genetically larger body size at lower culture temperatures. in addition, f temperatures produce larger adults with growth at lower temperatures, showing that there is a d re is a direct, environmental effect of temperature on size. we shall discover the reasons for identify the genes that produce larger body size at higher latitudes in nature. we shall do th larger body size at higher latitudes in nature. we shall do this by mapping their location in t atitudes in nature. we shall do this by mapping their location in the genetic material and by l critical and checking their effects on body size. we shall test the importance of temperature y size. we shall test the importance of temperature in the evolution of body size, by measuring st the importance of temperature in the evolution of body size, by measuring the performance of ance of temperature in the evolution of body size, by measuring the performance of flies with t ch genes show altered expression during growth at different temperatures. by identifying the ge es and pathways that control changes in body size in response to temperature, we shall start to rol changes in body size in response to temperature, we shall start to understand the reasons w |
12042 | 1 | ic fluctuations in different ways, as a function of their particular ecological preferences and
|
12640 | 2 | wales; to provide information about the scale, nature and physical effects of illegal use; to i
to provide information about the scale, nature and physical effects of illegal use; to identify |
11153 | 3 | tudying microorganisms in their natural environment without cultivation. the nucleic acids insi
pollutants such as pahs in the natural environment. a microscale investigation may shed light nd for the risk assessment for impacted ecosystems. |
10202 | 3 | a, nw england was hit by an exceptional precipitation event producing an unprecedented total of
aithe. this was equivalent to a month s precipitation and set a new uk record and local stakeho zones that are at risk from erosion and sedimentation. |
10514 | 9 | gists, climatologists as well as forest carbon and remote sensing experts in order to provide a
atologists as well as forest carbon and remote sensing experts in order to provide an integrati ght, the extent of forest fires and the carbon losses associated with this event. working as a forest fires based on a combination of climate and remote sensing data. the team will then imp s based on a combination of climate and remote sensing data. the team will then implement an ex vey to quantify the impacts of fires on carbon stocks and the functioning of the fire-affected ht-induced fire impact on the amazonian carbon stocks by integrating the previous data. due to , but will also provide support for the development of public policies in order to mitigate cli of public policies in order to mitigate climate change impacts in this region. |
10490 | 7 | fs provide the key to understanding the evolution of the many and varied life-histories that ge
maintaining your own health and putting energy into reproducing; organisms can choose to devote returns for each species in the current environment. but what happens if the environment change nt environment. but what happens if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing t happens if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing the risk of disease as pa if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing the risk of disease as parasites lled and how they change in a high risk environment. |
11543 | 7 | fs provide the key to understanding the evolution of the many and varied life-histories that ge
maintaining your own health and putting energy into reproducing; organisms can choose to devote returns for each species in the current environment. but what happens if the environment change nt environment. but what happens if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing t happens if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing the risk of disease as pa if the environment changes our warming climate is increasing the risk of disease as parasites lled and how they change in a high risk environment. |
14196 | 1 | ost costly and painful health problems. development of effective treatments and vaccines is urg
|
15343 | 9 | n the conservation of waterfowl. direct mortality by lead poisoning, usually through the ingest
athogens, leading to an increase in the mortality by infectious and parasitic diseases, and by by decreasing reproductive success and recruitment, leading to an alteration of the population itment, leading to an alteration of the population dynamics. we present an integrated approach status. pb is known to cause oxidative stress, which will be used as the meeting point among a the analysed responses. since oxidative stress is also known to be related with colour and orna e effects of parental exposure to pb on development of immune function and immunocompentence in exposure to pb on development of immune function and immunocompentence in chicks. 4. to study t rimentally the involvement of oxidative stress as a mechanism of the effect of lead on inmune r |
13733 | 1 | sis and activation of haemocytes in two model organisms, ciona intestinalis and mytilus edulis,
|
10776 | 5 | m oxidisers, which play a vital role in nitrogen cycling, water quality and ecosystem functioni
in nitrogen cycling, water quality and ecosystem functioning and are sensitive indicators of e ecosystem functioning and are sensitive indicators of ecosystem health. this is a very speciali tioning and are sensitive indicators of ecosystem health. this is a very specialist process and ill alter by their interaction with the environment and microbes themselves. |
7175 | 1 | increased vulnerability in an unstable environment and current disruption. .
|
14779 | 5 | agricultural intensification through irrigation and use of both chem
des has allowed a huge increase in food production in the last 40 years, feeding 6,000 million 0 million people on the earth. however, intensification has caused severe costs to the wild nat ion has caused severe costs to the wild nature. farming is widely recognized as a major serious tential negative impacts of agriculture intensification permitting the coexistence of viable fa |
7634 | 5 | some anthropogenic ecosystem management approaches have led to a decline i
an 80 % of terrestrial plants form root symbiosis with soil fungi that can access difficult acc t improving their mineral nutrition and growth. they also contribute to structuring and mainten nally, this project aims to promote the development of biogeosciences in the context of the lin t of the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning |
10567 | 8 | diel vertical migration that can track plankton migrations, sediment
ion that can track plankton migrations, sediment traps that collect plankton and their fecal ma ct plankton and their fecal matter, and temperature and salinity probes to monitor watercolumn their fecal matter, and temperature and salinity probes to monitor watercolumn physical propert ime series . data will be explored in a model framework that will tell us how much fecal pellet that will tell us how much fecal pellet production by zooplankton is exported to depth through gauge what effect these factors have on carbon sequestration. we have considerable experience w lead to an improved capacity to predict ecosystem consequences of change in the arctic. the pro |
1084 | 4 | the study of the environmental evolution concomitant with the 26 december 2004 tsunami
y scientific research and environmental recovery and protection. in this respect, the present p al lagoons and wetlands, and delivering sediment load to the nearshore marine bottoms. 3 presen vironmental managers concerned with the recovery and rehabilitation of the infralittoral and in |
13890 | 15 | re and species composition of the plant community. these changes can further affect other anima
ther animal assemblages and fundamental ecosystem processes. from the swedish perspective it is ulation densities of cervids affect the ecosystem. to study this, a new, completely experimenta closures in young forest stands along a habitat productivity gradient. the moose food plants ar in young forest stands along a habitat productivity gradient. the moose food plants are clippe that moose significantly can affect the ecosystem, especially at higher densities. there are cl r densities. there are clear effects on growth and productivity of trees, litterfall, abundance . there are clear effects on growth and productivity of trees, litterfall, abundance and specie and productivity of trees, litterfall, abundance and species richness of vascular plants, grou rees, litterfall, abundance and species richness of vascular plants, ground and soil living inv nd soil living invertebrates. also soil temperature and soil respiration rates have been affect nvertebrates. also soil temperature and soil respiration rates have been affected. effect furth een affected. effect further depends on habitat productivity, and the same moose density can gi cted. effect further depends on habitat productivity, and the same moose density can give oppos abitat productivity, and the same moose density can give opposite effects in poor and rich habi |
12225 | 2 | of reports looking at the economic and production impacts of changing pesticide availability o
is collated and assessed so that policy development can address the key issues and balance pres |
161 | 24 | climate and the environment of the earth is under incre
climate and the environment of the earth is under increasing pressure o activity that is likely to provoke the climate warming, frequent droughts and other stresses t y that is likely to provoke the climate warming, frequent droughts and other stresses that decr ts and other stresses that decrease the stability of forest ecosystems. many recent projects on s that decrease the stability of forest ecosystems. many recent projects on different tree spec ica showed long-term variations of tree growth and site productivity. the case studies reported term variations of tree growth and site productivity. the case studies reported consistent incr ent increasing trends in general height growth, as well as diameter growth of different tree sp eral height growth, as well as diameter growth of different tree species in central and western central and western europe. the altered growth conditions affect the genetic composition of for of the balanced plant nutrition. litter decomposition is an important link in cycling procecces es as the source of the majority of the nutrients taken up annually by plants. the lack of know plants. the lack of knowledge about the growth of forests in changing conditions is emphasized t decades. the increasing trends in air temperature and precipitation, detected in meteorologic ncreasing trends in air temperature and precipitation, detected in meteorological time series i onsible for the annual increase of tree growth. the primary goal of the proposed project is to is to study i the trends in the radial growth of coniferous stands under the possible impact o stands under the possible impact of the climate change and ii the impact of warming and increas the climate change and ii the impact of warming and increased precipitation on the forest litte ii the impact of warming and increased precipitation on the forest litter decomposition. resul ased precipitation on the forest litter decomposition. results of the study should show trends d show trends in site conditions and in growth of economically important coniferous stands. a b ands. a better understanding of altered growth conditions may be useful for planning of forest |
147 | 10 | studies on global climate have revealed that the conditions in the northe
the north atlantic oscillation index . climate change affects the balance of heat, water and s ence of the inflow of substances on the ecosystem of large shallow lakes. first of all, the res . the role of the dynamics of dissolved organic matter on the underwater light climate will be organic matter on the underwater light climate will be investigated as well. work hypotheses: bstances. however, the concentration of phosphorus in lake water tends to be lower in water-ric bacteria while the lower phytoplankton production in dom-rich years can reduce bacterial bioma dy the impact of climatic change on the ecosystem of shallow lakes. they are among few lakes in e lakes enable to analyse the impact of climate change on the ecosystems. monthly data on phyto yse the impact of climate change on the ecosystems. monthly data on phytoplankton from l. võrts |
12435 | 7 | nting the strategic plan of the cod and climate change programme and other co-operative interna
international studies on the effects of climate change on the marine ecosystem. key customer pu effects of climate change on the marine ecosystem. key customer purpose to improve forecasts of orecasts of the responses of the marine ecosystem to physical forcing and global change by deve arine ecosystem to physical forcing and global change by developing our understanding of its st nditions, providing the basis for wider ecosystem approach to issues in fisheries management an h to issues in fisheries management and environment protection. |
6961 | 5 | ects. main subjects of the studies are: distribution, phenology, populationdynamics, biodiversi
jects of the studies are: distribution, phenology, populationdynamics, biodiversity. aims: to s iodiversity. aims: to study the further distribution of several important pest species as d. pe tina on grape, a. purpurea on grasses . development of a new concept an european insect thermom of the insect termometer. the research model proposed in this grant proposal, the developed me |
7129 | 22 | ndigenous species and simulation of the evolution of their distribution areas the dominance of
nd simulation of the evolution of their distribution areas the dominance of terrestrial ecosyst olution of their distribution areas the dominance of terrestrial ecosystems by humans led to a tion areas the dominance of terrestrial ecosystems by humans led to a major alteration of the a ed to a major alteration of the abiotic environment of the globe and biotic diversity ecosystem nment of the globe and biotic diversity ecosystem. from the interactions between the abiotic an of the increase in atmospheric co2 and temperature on phenology, growth and reproduction of in e in atmospheric co2 and temperature on phenology, growth and reproduction of introduced and na heric co2 and temperature on phenology, growth and reproduction of introduced and native specie on of introduced and native species and model changing areas potential distribution of some spe cies and model changing areas potential distribution of some species. this project has four obj roject has four objectives: 1 / test in competition if the increase of co2 promote invasive spe species over native species in terms of phenology, growth and reproduction. . 3 / determine the r native species in terms of phenology, growth and reproduction. . 3 / determine the effects of 3 / determine the effects of increased temperature and reduced rainfall on phenology of some h sed temperature and reduced rainfall on phenology of some herbaceous and woody species. 4 / pre dy species. 4 / predict what changes in distribution areas of the main tree species in europe a scenarios and thus determine how global warming may affect biodiversity. in terms of management s; 2 test a likely deterioration in the efficiency of biological control because of the alterat the european system of observatories of phenology and to continue the development of phenologic tories of phenology and to continue the development of phenological models to simulate the evol of phenological models to simulate the evolution of plant ranges. |
7669 | 2 | ropical forest, sub-andean and savannah ecosystems, where biodiversity and landscape are contro
area presently faces changes due to the development of anthropogenic activities taking into acc |
13725 | 4 | t objective is to investigate how large predators impact the composition of mammal communities.
omposition of mammal communities. large predators have been heavily persecuted and many populat den. specifically, i will test if known species interactions are a sufficient explanation for o erved changes in species abundances and community structure. the results are generally importan |
11147 | 2 | one of the most prominent signatures of climate change is progressively increasing levels of at
sively increasing levels of atmospheric methane . specifically, each group will contribute thei |
7536 | 2 | rve genetic resources, what strategy to scale to a known intermediary we propose to initiate, t
oaks present in these landscapes on the scale that was used to characterize the interspecific b |
544 | 4 | we analysed annual cone production in larch for 30 consecutive years could be s
omyia. we showed evidence of asymmetric competition among strobilomyia species, with competitiv strobilomyia species, with competitive dominance of the earliest species. diapause duration wa rolonged diapause. the impact of winter temperature increase on strobilomyia emergence is under |
7131 | 2 | rch. a better understanding of how this ecosystem will predict the effect of global warming on
ystem will predict the effect of global warming on the regeneration of larch forest, forest and |
2149 | 4 | on in smolt physiology and/or olfactory function due to contaminant exposure can be correlated
an be correlated to impaired downstream migration, groups of tagged, previously exposed fish wi ompletion of smoltification. downstream migration will be evaluated from capture rates in fish bsequent smoltification, and downstream migration. these results will be of value to existing s |
427 | 5 | ldwide has highly increased. the global climate change is probably one of the major causes lead
menon will probably greatly perturb the distribution of the european species. what will be the val the knowledge of the impact of past climate changes on biodiversity would greatly help to a pt their morphology to changes in their environment particularly linked to the climate. environment particularly linked to the climate. |
7143 | 1 | tags: climate change, phylogeography, mammals, refuges, genet
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10005 | 1 | impact of dramatic global events on the evolution of life, particularly in the polar regions.
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10523 | 1 | impact of dramatic global events on the evolution of life, particularly in the polar regions.
|
11535 | 1 | impact of dramatic global events on the evolution of life, particularly in the polar regions.
|
1933 | 11 | perimentally investigate the effects of habitat connectivity on dynamics and rates of colonizat
ally investigate the effects of habitat connectivity on dynamics and rates of colonization and t connectivity on dynamics and rates of colonization and extinction in a model multitrophic sys tes of colonization and extinction in a model multitrophic system of a plant, a phytopathogen, ize that pathogen and parasitoid in the model system are more sensitive to fragmentation than t eof on the underlying trophic level and stability of the system as a whole. specific attention general hypothesis that as a result of habitat fragmentation and isolation the stability of mu habitat fragmentation and isolation the stability of multitrophic systems will decrease because and iv these processes are enforced by habitat fragmentation and isolation. specific hypothese tems in relation to different scales of habitat connectivity to arrive at greater generality of relation to different scales of habitat connectivity to arrive at greater generality of the res |
13592 | 2 | e will use a combination of laboratory, mesocosm-based and field studies to sudy the growth, re
osm-based and field studies to sudy the growth, reprodction success and lipid content of fish e |
14183 | 5 | creasing. widespread and expanding pest resistance to pyrethroids is a major european problem a
will explore, using small plot, larger-scale field and laboratory experiments, how host plants iments, how host plants within the agro-ecosystem affect the population dynamics and phenology ts within the agro-ecosystem affect the population dynamics and phenology of two target pests, stem affect the population dynamics and phenology of two target pests, the pollen beetle and th |
14983 | 9 | of spain are systems that show a great richness in biodiversity including, in many cases, spec
e and/or in danger of extinction. these ecosystems are also strategic places for birds migratio ems are also strategic places for birds migration through the european continent. the importanc c and morphologic aspects, as: - global evolution of the wetlands area - morphologic changes un lands and their relationship with human development and climatic characteristics - appearance a nd waterproofing phenomena - changes in hydrology - appearance of fragile zones with respect to sh particular criteria for their useful recovery and conservation, and for the development of e recovery and conservation, and for the development of effective plans of recovery and protecti r the development of effective plans of recovery and protection of mediterranean wetlands in pr |
7554 | 1 | alyze their impact on gene flow and the evolution of the genetic diversity of three forest spec
|
14141 | 8 | although the impact of rising ambient temperature and co2 concentration on woody plants is al
stigated. air humidity can influence an ecosystem and its components in several ways, causing c he intensity of evapo-transpiration and soil moisture. lower transpiration at higher air humidi with two different types of understory vegetation. the second phase has been designed to compl this experiment will be conducted in a growth chamber, where light, air humidity and soil mois chamber, where light, air humidity and soil moisture will be controlled. the monitored variabl ulic conductance, leaf area dynamic and nitrate concentration in root and shoot xylem. the wate root and shoot xylem. the water and the nitrogen in the soil will be also monitored. pressure-v |
14110 | 2 | climate change scenarios predict wetter conditions for
e scales to cause a putative decline in growth rate in response to elevated rh |
10305 | 9 | particles may have on the strucutre and function of the microbial communities which exist in th
mmunities are essential for the healthy function of soils: they underpin the production of food hy function of soils: they underpin the production of food and fibre, the cycling of nutrients, ction of food and fibre, the cycling of nutrients, the purification of water flowing through th ugh them, contribute to soil structural stability and it s ability to resist erosion, and inter intain biodiversity, amongst many other ecosystem goods identified in the millennium ecosystem other ecosystem goods identified in the millennium ecosystem assessment. so any impacts of nano ny impact on the normal composition and function of the soil microbial community, using well es al composition and function of the soil microbial community, using well established techniques. |
11140 | 11 | as atmospheric carbon dioxide continues to rise the ph of seawater wil
ic carbon dioxide continues to rise the ph of seawater will get progressively less alkaline. th rganisms are harder to predict. in this ph.d. proposal the student will study the effect of dec ent will study the effect of decreasing ph on the production of trace gases proves significant tudy the effect of decreasing ph on the production of trace gases proves significant then the i r study here, e.g. on rates of man-made carbon dioxide uptake by the oceans and calculation of calculation of air-sea fluxes of other climate relevant gases. finally, the student will use a the student will use a one-dimensional model to assess the importance of ph-induced changes in ional model to assess the importance of ph-induced changes in the air-sea exchange of trace gas udying one important impact of seawater ph change on processes in the oceans but also by linkin ts in the oceans to the wider fields of climate and atmospheric chemistry. |
7497 | 4 | phenology of genetically modified plants and their wild
ed. however, under strong pressure from herbivory, flowering wild plants is delayed by damage a ng wild plants is delayed by damage and phenology converges to that of bt plant. in this system xperiments to study the impact of plant phenology on the escapement levels of transgenes from t |
165 | 10 | bilitation of large open-cast oil-shale mining areas is carried out every year since 1960. duri
ically reasonable to continue open-cast mining of oil shale is extremely scarce. the main aim o re processes on the formation of forest ecosystems in open-cast oil-shale mining areas. microbi orest ecosystems in open-cast oil-shale mining areas. microbiological, chemical and physical ch tree species-related.effect of roots on mining detritus. in selected stands total above-ground . in selected stands total above-ground production will be estimated and decomposition dynamics ground production will be estimated and decomposition dynamics of leaf and root litter analysed our understanding of mechanisms how the development of forest ecosystems in calcareous mining d echanisms how the development of forest ecosystems in calcareous mining detritus is affected by ment of forest ecosystems in calcareous mining detritus is affected by rhizosphere processes an |
187 | 12 | dy the within-species variation in leaf traits of boreal evergreen plants growing in contrastin
eases with the increasing environmental stress level, which is accompanied by the decline in ph ter leaf longevity enables higher total carbon gain in conditions where resources are limited. are paralleled by changes in other leaf traits, so that one trait can be used to predict the va n be used to predict the value of other traits. however, most of these generalisations are base t when within-species variation in leaf traits is considered. for example, studies of different ions have shown that patterns in needle traits observed along nutrient availability gradient ma gradient may have principally different nature than patterns observed across latitudes. these r dge on within-species variation in leaf traits of boreal evergreen plants helps to understand t rstand the functioning of boreal forest ecosystems and the impact of environmental change on th eal forest ecosystems and the impact of environmental change on these vulnerable ecosystems. nvironmental change on these vulnerable ecosystems. |
10004 | 1 | solving granules in acid and monitoring ph change and increase in ca concentration to determine
|
10222 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
10662 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
10910 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
10913 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
11171 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
9898 | 3 | r projected future land-based renewable energy schemes are highly dependent on very localised c
ze of a typical farm. variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar . variations in the productivity of bio-energy crops also occur on similar spatial scales. this |
15453 | 1 | on. the final aim of the work being the development of new tools to be applied on environmental
|
15448 | 13 | the climate change is an evident fact in our country. the r
the continuation of this trend. floral phenology is highly controlled by climate, and therefor loral phenology is highly controlled by climate, and therefore these phenological data are good ors of the impact of this change on our ecosystems. in our country the first studies on plant p our country the first studies on plant phenology are revealing the effect on the of the climat are revealing the effect on the of the climate change of different plant species, indicating a ffected due to its higher dependence on temperature. the main objetive of the present project i will be implemented both a temporal and spatial analysis of the data, including the analysis of the above mentioned results, a regional modeling analysis will be performed to determine the cl ain a deeper knowledge of the impact of climate change on different plant species in the studie lp to predict the effects of the global warming on natural populations and to the development o rming on natural populations and to the development of strategies of conservation in the contex egies of conservation in the context of climate change in the iberian peninsula. |
11818 | 13 | production of organic carbon by phytoplankton in the su
production of organic carbon by phytoplankton in the surface ocean, followed ed by transport of some of this organic carbon on sinking particulate matter from the surface o ean into underlying sediments, extracts carbon dioxide from and injects oxygen into the atmosph xtracts carbon dioxide from and injects oxygen into the atmosphere. for long geological time sc hat changes in the magnitude of organic-carbon deposition in deep-sea sediments can influence t composition of the atmosphere. organic-carbon burial in deep-sea sediments must, therefore, be the mechanisms controlling the flux of carbon from the oceanic water column into underlying se underlying sediments and the burial of carbon in the sediments is of crucial importance. a num a number of possible controls on these carbon fluxes into deep-sea sediments have been studied ine hills and mountains. such kilometre-scale seafloor elevations are a major source of environ w do different tidal forcings influence carbon dynamics at kilometre-scale seafloor elevations influence carbon dynamics at kilometre-scale seafloor elevations we propose to elucidate these |
7626 | 9 | l conditions do not always allow a good development of vegetation on eroded land subject to the
not always allow a good development of vegetation on eroded land subject to the slope, flood o s to evaluate the interest of spreading organic matter on land highly constrained to improve th g herbaceous species, and 2 of alluvial vegetation in gullies by cuttings of woody species. it it is planned to evaluate two forms of organic matter: rcw fragmented and compost green waste. rough better knowledge of the impact of organic matter input on plant and soil processes implem ative effects of this natural hazard on ecosystems and human activities. we know that the pir 2 n activities. we know that the pir 2010 vegetation ecological engineering can play an important otection against surface erosion at the recovery of organic waste by finding new uses |
14440 | 4 | the development of road infrastructure affects and modifies
infrastructure affects and modifies the habitat conditions, which in turn influences the abunda onditions, which in turn influences the abundance and distribution of plant and animal species, ch in turn influences the abundance and distribution of plant and animal species, i.e. the biod |
14223 | 14 | the project addresses the changes in landscape pattern induced by urbanization, models relat
ation, models relations between pattern indicators and human pressure along the decreasing urba cesses in landscape patterns. landscape development is today mostly affected by anthropogenic p revious identity. there are hundreds of landscape metrics developed for evaluation of landscape reds of landscape metrics developed for evaluation of landscape pattern but they are so far ver ape metrics developed for evaluation of landscape pattern but they are so far very poorly assoc ry poorly associated with socioeconomic indicators that would be essential in the light of incr asing pressure of humans on surrounding environment. the proposed study will find the relations udy will find the relationships between landscape metrics, local population density and other s een landscape metrics, local population density and other socioeconomic indicators considering ulation density and other socioeconomic indicators considering roads network, and predict the p ructure considering also infrastructure development, and will develop methods for spatial and l spatial and lanscape planning based on landscape metrics. also, we will develop scientific kno velop scientific knowledge on measuring heterogeneity and fragmentation of landscape on differe |
13526 | 3 | wn grazing control govern phytoplankton development. however, while previous studies have inves
sis, stable isotope analysis, rna-based growth assessment, toxin measurements and long-term dat ce of the cyanobacteria for zooplankton production. the current study is one step on the way to |
11675 | 6 | ed research will analyse the changes in habitat and channels that were caused by the extreme fl
d have the potential to deliver channel-scale restoration as demanded by regulators. extreme fl o become more frequent under a range of climate and land use scenarios in the uk and elsewhere. less common during the major periods of climate chnage and human activitiessince the early 20th luding local residents and farmers, the environment agency, defra and a large international aca efra and a large international academic community. |
543 | 17 | uses a combination of experimental and modelling techniques to investigate the impacts of clim
echniques to investigate the impacts of climate change on plant communities comprising herbaceo lier. we show that aboveground biomass, community leaf traits and grass species phenology in a hat aboveground biomass, community leaf traits and grass species phenology in a montane grassla community leaf traits and grass species phenology in a montane grassland community respond to e pecies phenology in a montane grassland community respond to elevated temperature , summer drou grassland community respond to elevated temperature , summer drought and elevated atmospheric c t there is a trend towards an increased abundance of dicot species under elevated co2. work on evated co2. work on an artificial plant community at montpellier shows a negative effect of dro ynthesis, transpiration rates and total respiration measured at the community level. we also fi s and total respiration measured at the community level. we also find a significant increase in lso find a significant increase in leaf decomposition rates in response to elevated temperature mposition rates in response to elevated temperature. in contrast, net primary productivity, mic d temperature. in contrast, net primary productivity, microbial activity and soil respiration r in contrast, net primary productivity, microbial activity and soil respiration rates show no s ry productivity, microbial activity and soil respiration rates show no significant effects of c on rates show no significant effects of climate treatments. |
7469 | 3 | inction 150 years of data on a regional scale. . understand the impact of the various component
the impact of the various components of global change on the functioning of communities and spe genetic and phenotypic consequences of global change. settle in the regions of participatory s |
11433 | 2 | rasitic, obtaining some or all of their nutrients and water from their host plants, through hau
ur findings will also be of interest to nature conservation bodies concerned with the preservat |
10909 | 2 | he project will be carried out with the participation of the environment agency and cefas, who
rried out with the participation of the environment agency and cefas, who will be important end |
10155 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
10414 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
10422 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
10758 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
10915 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
11423 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
11693 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
11706 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
9879 | 13 | ere that measurable changes in seawater ph and carbonate chemistry can be seen. it is predicted
as the maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem function. in the seas around the uk, the habi taining a healthy and productive marine ecosystem. this is important considering 40% of the wor edibly high levels of biodiversity, any environmental change that affects these important ecosy tal change that affects these important ecosystems could have substantial environmental and eco e to adapt or acclimatise to this rapid environmental change; and how the interactions between ions between individuals that determine ecosystem structure will be affected. this current lack egies to sustain and protect the marine environment in the face of ocean acidification. this co ocean acidification on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in coastal habitats. they will us , animal interactions, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. the understanding gained will be will predict the impact of future ocean ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coasta an ph scenarios on the biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will als he biodiversity and function of coastal ecosystems. the consortium will also act as a focal poi |
11270 | 13 | ion genetics, ocean circulation and the environment with archived larval specimens sampled from
s multiple years in which developmental temperature regimes varied. we then take this informati to test whether any changes in rate of development will influence the likelihood of larvae rea and recruiting to the adult population. model predictions of dispersal for the present-day will ity will allow the effects of increased temperature to be placed in context. it will then be po y effects of the predicted increases in temperature in the area on fish recruitment as a compon ases in temperature in the area on fish recruitment as a component of climate change. such info a on fish recruitment as a component of climate change. such information is important since cli ge. such information is important since climate records from the antarctic show that the waters ow that the waters of the antarctic are warming more rapidly than the global ocean as a whole. nvironmentally relevant data taken from nature, with genetically validated biophysical models w istic projection of the impact of ocean warming on marine species and ecosystems. of ocean warming on marine species and ecosystems. |
7420 | 2 | assess dynamics and scale contamination by pesticides in areas hives apple
ronic toxicity and repeated dose. study development and health of bee colonies. target the less |
12571 | 8 | igate how changes within the freshwater environment may modify the production of juvenile salmo
e freshwater environment may modify the production of juvenile salmonids, influence life-histor ife-history strategies and regulate the abundance of adult fish that return to spawn. this info cy customers on the potential impact of climate change scenarios, as predicted by ukcp09, and t predicted by ukcp09, and to support the development and prioritisation of management options to tocks and the potential implications of climate change which will contribute to the development ate change which will contribute to the development and delivery of management strategies for t o conserve stocks in a changing aquatic environment. there are no aspects that may be considere |
7429 | 2 | functional biodiversity of agricultural ecosystems different working methods will be applied in
extent of the resource environments by mapping of plant species, - pollen analysis at the leve |
15271 | 10 | project aims to quantify the inputs of nitrogen to iberian holm oak forests located in represe
. the main goals in the study of these ecosystems in the navarra subproject are: to assess the roject are: to assess the deposition of nitrogen in a holm oak forest located in the valley of he form of emissions coming from a high-density highway and close-by pamplona city. to characte ch allow the study of the speciation of nitrogen compounds resulting from the size distribution rogen compounds resulting from the size distribution of suspended particulate matter. to study atter. to study the temporal dynamic of nitrogen in the soils of the studied area, in order to dels for the identification of the main nitrogen sources, among other elements, and their contr determine empirical critical loads for nitrogen in this type of ecosystem. it also will provid ical loads for nitrogen in this type of ecosystem. it also will provide enough data to adapt th |
2054 | 14 | he scientific basis of implementing the ecosystem approach to birch forest management in northe
institutional designs for implementing ecosystem management. second, indicators which reflect lementing ecosystem management. second, indicators which reflect key structural and functional and functional changes in birch forest ecosystems due to spruce planting are investigated. the spruce planting are investigated. these indicators will be used to develop alternative scenario evelop alternative scenarios and assess thresholds for ecosystem change. mobile organisms, such ive scenarios and assess thresholds for ecosystem change. mobile organisms, such as birds, woul as birds, would most likely respond to habitat quality at stand level and to compositional cha ch as snails and earthworms are used as indicators of fragmentation effects on landscape level. s. distance sampling is used to measure density of birds, whereas soil and litter samples are u ifferent groups of organisms to monitor ecosystem change on different scales will be evaluated narios will be developed based on these indicators, and thresholds of ecosystem change will be eveloped based on these indicators, and thresholds of ecosystem change will be identified. on these indicators, and thresholds of ecosystem change will be identified. |
10310 | 1 | ey aim of developing and implementing a model for knowledge transfer in biodiversity management
|
11026 | 1 | ey aim of developing and implementing a model for knowledge transfer in biodiversity management
|
11261 | 1 | ey aim of developing and implementing a model for knowledge transfer in biodiversity management
|
11521 | 1 | ey aim of developing and implementing a model for knowledge transfer in biodiversity management
|
10032 | 14 | diffuse nutrient pressures - especially nitrogen - may all compromise the capacity of the hypor
e has some special control on the river habitat, most have looked at it only from the perspecti l at the relationship between different nitrogen species, such as nitrate and ammonium and chem een different nitrogen species, such as nitrate and ammonium and chemical reactions known colle tions use electron acceptors other than oxygen for organic carbon oxidation as the amount of ox acceptors other than oxygen for organic carbon oxidation as the amount of oxygen in the riverbe ganic carbon oxidation as the amount of oxygen in the riverbed sediments is exhausted. these re e reactions and their relationship with nitrogen are important because the hyporheic zone has b ne has been proposed as a zone in which nitrogen attenuation occurs. this has led to the propos s zone will reduce the concentration of nitrogen reaching the river water. in this project, we enuate groundwater contaminants such as nitrate. we want to look much more carefully at the pat ecause they either release or transform nitrogen through processes such as nitrification or den or denitrification. the latter converts nitrate, which can damage the ecology of a river where is present at high concentrations, into nitrogen gas, which is harmless. if we are able to show |
11842 | 14 | diffuse nutrient pressures - especially nitrogen - may all compromise the capacity of the hypor
e has some special control on the river habitat, most have looked at it only from the perspecti l at the relationship between different nitrogen species, such as nitrate and ammonium and chem een different nitrogen species, such as nitrate and ammonium and chemical reactions known colle tions use electron acceptors other than oxygen for organic carbon oxidation as the amount of ox acceptors other than oxygen for organic carbon oxidation as the amount of oxygen in the riverbe ganic carbon oxidation as the amount of oxygen in the riverbed sediments is exhausted. these re e reactions and their relationship with nitrogen are important because the hyporheic zone has b ne has been proposed as a zone in which nitrogen attenuation occurs. this has led to the propos s zone will reduce the concentration of nitrogen reaching the river water. in this project, we enuate groundwater contaminants such as nitrate. we want to look much more carefully at the pat ecause they either release or transform nitrogen through processes such as nitrification or den or denitrification. the latter converts nitrate, which can damage the ecology of a river where is present at high concentrations, into nitrogen gas, which is harmless. if we are able to show |
15135 | 4 | ied in several constant and fluctuating salinity conditions. the objectives are to test in the
ions. the objectives are to test in the evolution of seasonal specialization. the two last issu with already available data on species distribution in order to understand the mechanisms stab stabilizing species coexistence in this model system. |
15521 | 10 | ll analise the spectrum of variation on functional traits in mediterranean woody species in a l
n woody species in a local and regional scale, exploring a strong drought gradient. we will als stems and roots as determinants of the functional traits. the third objective will study the f oody species. we will try to know which functional traits are more related to this response and response and to explain the ecological distribution of woody species. the fifth objective will orestation techniques and to know which functional traits could explain the different establish e will try to predict the effect of the climate change on the reforestation programs. in summar grams. in summary, we try to know which functional traits of mediterranean woody species explai an woody species explain the ecological distribution and the success in the restoration program ncrease the resilience of mediterranean ecosystems. |
12659 | 1 | s that it is not possible to assess the scale of potential breaches of the controls.
|
14023 | 3 | f the coastal areas in an international scale is the increasing impact of the harmful algal blo
ularly the sexual stages to implement a model able to forecast the location and magnitude of fo bstances, which i will use to develop a mitigation method based on the control of the blooming |
13885 | 8 | rs, there is a need to reliably predict population dynamics in different environments into the
e previous studies have often neglected density dependence and environmental variability in the sion is essential to be able to predict population dynamics precisely. this project aims at imp roject will combine an experimental and modelling approach focusing on the following two main t main themes. 1 to determine the role of density dependence in population dynamics under environ rmine the role of density dependence in population dynamics under environmental variability. 2 roduce significant novel information on density dependence and the use of different population ied to conservation biology in order to model rare and endangered plant populations. |
12274 | 18 | nd environmental reasons to improve the efficiency with which crops capture and use water and n
h which crops capture and use water and nutrients in the soil. as pressure increases on global upply, a balance is needed between food production and the maintenance of healthy and diverse o e maintenance of healthy and diverse of ecosystems. high water abstraction and diffuse pollutio s can have negative impacts on adjacent ecosystems. since, water is the most important factor l the most important factor limiting crop production, and water availability during the uk growin e the available water more efficiently. nitrogen inputs are a major source of carbon dioxide em . nitrogen inputs are a major source of carbon dioxide emissions and leaching of nitrogen and p arbon dioxide emissions and leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from soils results in poor wate emissions and leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from soils results in poor water quality. br ertiliser can form part of an effective mitigation strategy for reducing diffuse agricultural p recent steep increases in the price of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers, and the non-renewa increases in the price of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers, and the non-renewable nature of orus fertilisers, and the non-renewable nature of phosphorus, there are good economic incentive lisers, and the non-renewable nature of phosphorus, there are good economic incentives for redu le nature of phosphorus, there are good economic incentives for reducing fertiliser use in crop ves for reducing fertiliser use in crop production. we are currently using forward genetics to water and nutrient acquisition and use efficiency in the brassica a and c genomes , and curren |
12458 | 3 | summary objective: model the potential responses of shellfish stocks and e
s through incorporation of life-history modelling and data analysis of satellite monitoring dat sexes. key customer purpose: undertake modeling studies to provide a better understanding of t |
12239 | 5 | major constraint to cost effective crop production by interfering with yield, harvesting and qu
sidered to have beneficial roles in the environment in their contribution towards biodiversity; ms as a source of food and shelter. the nature of vegetation management of seedling establishme urce of food and shelter. the nature of vegetation management of seedling establishment in farm -leaved weed species through controlled environment and field experimentation. 2. improve under |
6812 | 2 | ket requirements towards the ecological production overestimated the demands towards the bean k
ds towards the bean kinds, included the resistance towards illnesses and the being xerophilous. |
12370 | 2 | e metadatabase would be searchable in a gis format and available to download metadata via the w
urope will be made. this will include a review of european and uk data initiatives. |
12768 | 4 | ng areas. we will determine patterns of habitat selection by natterers bats that roost in churc
when bats move roosts. we will quantify habitat quality around churches used as roosts by using around churches used as roosts by using geographic information systems, and will determine whet evelop an advisory leaflet with english nature and other interested organisations outlining the |
11597 | 3 | st of the global amphibian conservation community. as a member of the new graduate school at th
t will receive a skills audit, personal development plan and training in appropriate transferab a much more targeted and cost-effective distribution of resources to conservation programmes. t |
12548 | 1 | in order to protect our crops and environment from quarantine pests and diseases, the uk
|
13418 | 1 | hese efforts include all aspects of the production, sustainable utilization and characterisatio
|
10084 | 3 | many legumes form a symbiosis with soil bacteria, which are housed in speci
rent programmes aimed at conserving the environment and biodiversity of this unique and fragile biodiversity of this unique and fragile ecosystem. |
11249 | 3 | many legumes form a symbiosis with soil bacteria, which are housed in speci
rent programmes aimed at conserving the environment and biodiversity of this unique and fragile biodiversity of this unique and fragile ecosystem. |
11638 | 3 | of the most significant events in plant evolution was the origin of the seed. however, it is no
this changes our perception as to both function and evolution of seed-megaspores. however, we our perception as to both function and evolution of seed-megaspores. however, we know nothing |
1090 | 10 | onships they establish in the different ecosystems. on these grounds, the proposed project is a
ecological factors on reproductive and colonization success of species of the mediterranean ar rograms for these endangered plants. in nature, orchid nutrition during the first stages of the stage. special focus will be on: a the development of propagation protocols based on symbiotic ined; b the genetic factors determining colonization success for the species analysed, as indic cies examined and the surrounding plant community as well as climatic, geologic and pedologic f and interspecific gene flows on orchid colonization dynamics and local adaptation; e the speci chids and other components of the plant community, mediated by shared mycorrhizal fungi. adult hids with other components of the plant community will be assessed through sampling and molecul ycelia previously isolated. germination efficiency will be correlated with genetic features of |
15049 | 1 | atented. we propose that using in vitro evolution of proteins we can modify the activity of a l
|
12035 | 5 | er sediments there fluxes of organisms, nutrients, organic matter and pollutants between rivers
s there fluxes of organisms, nutrients, organic matter and pollutants between rivers and their ally, we elaborated three softwares for modeling the relation between water movement and degrad and degradation rates. below a porosity threshold the invertebrates and the fungi cannot access nnot access to the leaves buried in the sediment to decompose them. some human activities appea |
10615 | 2 | ural and experimental inbreeding on the production of abnormal sperm in a mammalian model.
uction of abnormal sperm in a mammalian model. |
12050 | 5 | fires are becoming more threatening to ecosystems and human populations as they increase in nu
ill analyse the interactions between nc ecosystems, cultural and social practices, climate, and systems, cultural and social practices, climate, and fire, and will develop a geographic inform nas will be analysed in terms of fuels, vegetation and invertebrate biodiversity. human practic representative regions. meteorology ans climate will be analysed and modelled over nc to improv |
13576 | 6 | swedish marine ecosystems are strongly affected by a salinity gradient
e ecosystems are strongly affected by a salinity gradient and both geographically ecologically ciation, and what is the effects on the ecosystem with a species with very little genetic diver implications for conservation of marine ecosystems of this area. one reason for this is that cl this area. one reason for this is that climate change might further reduce the genetic variati is promoted over sexual reproduction as salinity decreases. |
2468 | 3 | ation. the present project explores the evolution of polymorphic european whitefish coregonus l
speciation. analyses include i spatial distribution patterns of whitefish morphs in relation t erentiation, reproductive isolation and life history variation among whitefish morphs, and iii |
6937 | 4 | cular genetics, plant breeding and crop production, and results achieved in the frame of this n
ing leaf spots. identification of known resistance genes is foreseen, highly resistant material ap the qtls and develop markers for the resistance breeding program. by using marker-assisted s re fungicides will be used and also the environment can be polluted. |
10789 | 3 | record and dominate modern terrestrial ecosystems. living seed plants represent five major tax
cal data from current investigations of development and the key genes that underpin development lopment and the key genes that underpin development, together with molecular phylogenies. thus, |
10407 | 12 | ed study to make a comparison of people-environment relationships in mountain, hill, plain and
l examine a range of services including carbon sequestration, flood hazard and water regulation nd the provision of food, materials and energy. the objectives of the indes ppdg are to: 1. est velihoods in the target study sites. 2. review the opportunities that novel approaches based on rned with the links between poverty and environment. while it is accepted that strategies for p depend on the sustainable management of natural capital, new assessment and policy frameworks a and social disciplines, experienced in modelling and assessing es, and analysis of issues impa s living in the forest and agricultural ecosystems in south asia. the consortium is, however, t and contribute to its future strategic development. besides other funding bodies, eu, defra, t mitted to taking the es and sustainable development agendas forward at the international level. the structure and functioning of forest ecosystems, the role of these systems in sustaining hum the role of these systems in sustaining human well-being and political/social contexts in which |
13745 | 6 | ss a plethora of long-term data sets on climate, snow-melt, plant ecology, etc. our efforts in
dscape ecology has generated a detailed gis-based vegetation map of the entire catchment. the p logy has generated a detailed gis-based vegetation map of the entire catchment. the project add rsity across scales in space, time, and function. climate change will not only bring about chan ss scales in space, time, and function. climate change will not only bring about changes in spe mposition; we expect drastic changes in ecosystem diversity within landscapes. this will alter |
7484 | 5 | armland biodiversity although a generic indicator system to assess these benefits at the europe
fically-based selection of biodiversity indicators for organic/low-input farming systems; - ass tion of a set of candidate biodiversity indicators in representative case studies across europe be integrated at critical stages of the indicator selection process. a handbook with factsheets ctsheets will be produced for validated indicators and a sampling design for biodiversity monit |
14596 | 6 | the factors involved, and the long-term evaluation. the general goals of this project are to ev
ionship between restoration success and stress gradients. from that evaluation, simple environm success and stress gradients. from that evaluation, simple environmental indicators will be sel m that evaluation, simple environmental indicators will be selected, which may be used for pred ical approach lies on the comprehensive evaluation of 66 experimental plots, already establishe of previous research projects, and the evaluation of a number of restoration actions developed |
14719 | 1 | the factors involved, and the long-term evaluation. the general goals of this project are the m
|
7101 | 1 | esents a real challenge for sustainable development for remarkable rural territories in that it
|
512 | 2 | represents a real stake for sustainable development for rural territories that are outstanding
rdisciplinary programme to evaluate the efficiency of the network natura 2000 vis-à-vis the con |
1095 | 8 | users towards the conservation of such vegetation communities. the project enters in the frame
s at the origin of the establishment of vegetation communities with low landscape and usage val a point of no-return. the definition of indicators that, being directly correlated to the evolu that, being directly correlated to the evolution of vegetation composition and pastoral qualit directly correlated to the evolution of vegetation composition and pastoral quality, predict ma of territorial planning. with regard to indicators, literature reports mainly studies about lea ature reports mainly studies about leaf traits, as they are related to pastoral management will ement will supply information about the participation of local communities, tourists and grassl |
15380 | 2 | roup mosimbio works on individual-based modelling development of appropriate tools to communica
bio works on individual-based modelling development of appropriate tools to communicate and tra |
2134 | 3 | that will be intercalibrated, in their mapping work. this project aims to map norwegian popula
ignment will provide new information on migration paths and feeding areas of post-smolts and ad will help to explain the different sea mortality rates observed for salmon from different regi |
14499 | 6 | . we shall be specifically concerned in modeling bacterial growth with our simulator indisim ,
fically concerned in modeling bacterial growth with our simulator indisim , to explore two diff nvolved during its existence. bacterial growth of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. an import ial processes of environmental interest behavior of c and n in soil. our simulation model allow vior of c and n in soil. our simulation model allows the evolutions of different pools of c and rocess. we want to continue the work on modeling the composting processes that we are developin |
14964 | 1 | ividuals and their relations with their environment health: malaria: modelization of plasmodium
|
11037 | 14 | anding changes in population size, i.e. population dynamics, has concentrated on investigating
between individuals in age but also in traits like body size or condition crucially affect the ividuals in age but also in traits like body size or condition crucially affect the way populat y populations respond to changes in the environment over time. in addition, biologists have rea his means that an ability to understand population dynamics, necessary to predict and manage po s, may require understanding of the way traits change in response to ecological and evolutionar pes environments lead to changes in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provid lead to changes in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provide some informati nges in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provide some information on how we n on how we might expect changes in the climate to influence both the evolution of traits like es in the climate to influence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuat mate to influence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuations in popul uence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuations in population size. nt understanding of the way numbers and traits vary. |
11566 | 14 | anding changes in population size, i.e. population dynamics, has concentrated on investigating
between individuals in age but also in traits like body size or condition crucially affect the ividuals in age but also in traits like body size or condition crucially affect the way populat y populations respond to changes in the environment over time. in addition, biologists have rea his means that an ability to understand population dynamics, necessary to predict and manage po s, may require understanding of the way traits change in response to ecological and evolutionar pes environments lead to changes in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provid lead to changes in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provide some informati nges in the distribution of traits like body size. this will provide some information on how we n on how we might expect changes in the climate to influence both the evolution of traits like es in the climate to influence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuat mate to influence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuations in popul uence both the evolution of traits like body size, as well as fluctuations in population size. nt understanding of the way numbers and traits vary. |
10151 | 2 | has important implications for ecology, evolution . this information is essential to make accur
hery discarding practices in europe and climate related impacts on the availability of naturall |
11419 | 2 | has important implications for ecology, evolution . this information is essential to make accur
hery discarding practices in europe and climate related impacts on the availability of naturall |
11771 | 2 | has important implications for ecology, evolution . this information is essential to make accur
hery discarding practices in europe and climate related impacts on the availability of naturall |
10521 | 12 | studies of the regulation of population density in birds and mammals have focussed on studies w
mammals have focussed on studies where recruitment and survival decline as population density ment and survival decline as population density increases, eventually limiting population size. ulation size. however, in some species, recruitment and survival increase with rising density, tment and survival increase with rising density, generating positive correlations known as alle studies have commonly investigated the evolution of reproductive strategies in these species, s controlling group size and population density have rarely been explored. this study will inve sses limiting group size and population density in singular cooperative breeders using wild kal eders using wild kalahari meerkats as a model. it will test the prediction that positive correl the ability of group members to detect predators and will determine whether group size is limi it will investigate how group size and population dynamics are affected by variation in rainfa unusual ecological mechanisms affecting population dynamics in meerkats, the project will provi |
11010 | 12 | studies of the regulation of population density in birds and mammals have focussed on studies w
mammals have focussed on studies where recruitment and survival decline as population density ment and survival decline as population density increases, eventually limiting population size. ulation size. however, in some species, recruitment and survival increase with rising density, tment and survival increase with rising density, generating positive correlations known as alle studies have commonly investigated the evolution of reproductive strategies in these species, s controlling group size and population density have rarely been explored. this study will inve sses limiting group size and population density in singular cooperative breeders using wild kal eders using wild kalahari meerkats as a model. it will test the prediction that positive correl the ability of group members to detect predators and will determine whether group size is limi it will investigate how group size and population dynamics are affected by variation in rainfa unusual ecological mechanisms affecting population dynamics in meerkats, the project will provi |
11806 | 3 | understanding the evolution of cooperation is arguably a key element of u
ably a key element of understanding the evolution of life. a major outstanding challenge is to identifying the genes involved in their production. it spans multiple levels of biological anal |
10360 | 8 | rents but can also be influenced by the environment in which it develops. for example, the way
s of its own species, e.g. fighting and competition, can affect its future growth and developme and competition, can affect its future growth and development. individuals within populations ition, can affect its future growth and development. individuals within populations of salmonid , albeit slightly, in the way that they function physiologically and how they behave. this vari f fish later in life does the amount of stress experienced by a female fish before spawning inf ing can small differences in the stream environment while young fish are developing, such as in sh are developing, such as increases in temperature, influence their behavioural and physiologi |
1959 | 1 | olutionary significance of lid in plant evolution and the existence of benefits of information
|
13532 | 3 | invasive, studies on potential chemical resistance in g. vermiculophylla against natural enemie
ylla against natural enemies in its new environment are important in order to predict the invas s. furthermore, i want to elucidate the nature of signals that trigger defence responses in g. |
1967 | 15 | food webs are highly complex entities. understanding th
ly complex entities. understanding this complexity and its persistence remains one of the major a key to the understanding of realised food webs in nature, as opposed to the myriads of theor understanding of realised food webs in nature, as opposed to the myriads of theoretically poss o the myriads of theoretically possible food webs. however, the currently used measures of inte ssumption of equilibrium conditions. in nature, however, equilibrium conditions may be rare, wi animals can respond to the presence and density of their consumers with a variety of inducible el persistence and the integrity of the food web. furthermore, inducible defences can temporari fecting the balance of bottom-up versus top-down control or flows of energy. the project as a w -up versus top-down control or flows of energy. the project as a whole propose to study the eff dy the effects of inducible defences on food web dynamics and persistence, with a focus on inte diversity have a synergistic effect on food web persistence. these predictions will be tested dent aims at experimentally testing our model predictions for the freshwater system. he or she r she will study the dynamics of simple food webs where prey species have permanent, inducible, iversity at different trophic levels on food web persistence will be explored under different s |
6740 | 3 | heat genome, which can be used for gene mapping with the help of fluorescence in situ hybridiza
of aegilops biuncialis, and the disease resistance of agropyron glael and the exact origin of t hromosomes thus these help the physical mapping of the chromosomes. the agronomically useful tr |
7489 | 3 | mistry usually requires many times more energy than is contained in the final product. thus, us
final product but also save substantial energy in the processing. of particular interest are se nes und understanding of lipid cellular metabolism in order for rational designing of vast arra |
10430 | 10 | the large-scale and long-term dynamics of benthic communities are
cal and biological processes that cause community dynamics span many scales and elicit scale-de ty dynamics span many scales and elicit scale-dependent patterns of community structure across and elicit scale-dependent patterns of community structure across the seascape. we identify th cal and biological processes affect the distribution of communities. model outputs are compared affect the distribution of communities. model outputs are compared to natural patterns of commu uts are compared to natural patterns of community distribution as measured using earth observat mpared to natural patterns of community distribution as measured using earth observation. causa ve processes are then inferred from the model which most closely fits field data and observed c st closely fits field data and observed community patterns. |
11788 | 10 | the large-scale and long-term dynamics of benthic communities are
cal and biological processes that cause community dynamics span many scales and elicit scale-de ty dynamics span many scales and elicit scale-dependent patterns of community structure across and elicit scale-dependent patterns of community structure across the seascape. we identify th cal and biological processes affect the distribution of communities. model outputs are compared affect the distribution of communities. model outputs are compared to natural patterns of commu uts are compared to natural patterns of community distribution as measured using earth observat mpared to natural patterns of community distribution as measured using earth observation. causa ve processes are then inferred from the model which most closely fits field data and observed c st closely fits field data and observed community patterns. |
14657 | 3 | that postulate that selection for male function or for protection of developing reproductive o
veloping reproductive organs drives the evolution of sexual dimorphism. recently two new and al the effect of phenotypic plasticity of development. the aim of this project is to explore thes |
7258 | 1 | lysis will provide original data on the evolution of sexual interactions postcopulatoires
|
15338 | 7 | nowadays, habitat destruction and fragmentation are major threats
nservation. in agricultural landscapes, habitat diversity loss and complexity, at different spa landscapes, habitat diversity loss and complexity, at different spatial scales, is also a crit ting for a major decrease of biological richness. a great amount of european diversity is maint urgent to evaluate the effects that the habitat structure of agricultural landscapes has on its e done, through a gradient of landscape heterogeneity. the objective is to ascertain these esse ion strategies and the proposal of agri-environment schemes. |
154 | 12 | and how environmental factors influence population dynamics. such knowledge could help to expla
uch knowledge could help to explain the evolution of life histories and illustrate ecological p n biology. anthropogenic factors change habitat characteristics and may determine the way and / es could lead to the changes in spatial distribution and pattern of populations and species dis and pattern of populations and species distribution in nature.since pattern of plant species d populations and species distribution in nature.since pattern of plant species distribution is a n nature.since pattern of plant species distribution is a result of interplay among local abiot result of interplay among local abiotic environment, in situ biotic interactions, historical pr tanding of the causal mechanisms behind distribution pattern may only be possible through study f post dispersal local interactions and habitat physical conditions on the plant populations in nt populations 2. what is the impact of habitat local conditions - abiotic factors and biotic i actors and biotic interactions in plant population dynamics 3. what type of land-use could main |
13577 | 22 | climate change has been predicted to cause increased ri
her concentrations of dissolved organic carbon , and changed light climate and hydrography. suc lved organic carbon , and changed light climate and hydrography. such changes may decrease phyt nges may decrease phytoplankton primary productivity due to poorer light climate, and increase rimary productivity due to poorer light climate, and increase bacterial productivity due to hig r light climate, and increase bacterial productivity due to high input of doc and decreased com due to high input of doc and decreased competition from phytoplankton for inorganic nutrients. tition from phytoplankton for inorganic nutrients. the aim of this project is to clarify how pr is to clarify how primary and bacterial productivity will change due to predicted climate relat oductivity will change due to predicted climate related changes in the baltic sea, and to eluci sea, and to elucidate how this affects productivity at higher trophic levels, e.g. fish. exper f doc in the baltic sea. the structure, function and efficiency of marine food webs exposed to baltic sea. the structure, function and efficiency of marine food webs exposed to varying light ture, function and efficiency of marine food webs exposed to varying light, hydrological condit rient concentrations will be studied in mesocosm experiments. the experiments will comprise org tudies and experiments will be used for development and parameterization of a food web model th r development and parameterization of a food web model that will be used to estimate productivi ment and parameterization of a food web model that will be used to estimate productivity change web model that will be used to estimate productivity changes in the baltic sea. predicted chang dicted changes in light, doc, inorganic nutrients by oceanographic models will be used to estim graphic models will be used to estimate productivity in the baltic sea in the next hundred year ltic sea in the next hundred years. the model will be adapted to hydrographical conditions in t |
7102 | 2 | s, and define a method most appropriate evaluation systems for ponds, easy to apply and thus to
ply and thus to transfer build economic development scenarios for the marketing of agricultural |
514 | 2 | in order to increase the value of their production and their territory through a geographic ide
tives: - define the methods of ecologic evaluation that are appropriate for ponds, by standardi |
10132 | 3 | the study of past climate change, especially that which has occurred sinc
by comparing our records with holocene climate records available from other sites in the north able to establish the extent of global climate links at times of different climatic regimes, f |
10664 | 3 | the study of past climate change, especially that which has occurred sinc
by comparing our records with holocene climate records available from other sites in the north able to establish the extent of global climate links at times of different climatic regimes, f |
15400 | 6 | nthropogenic land use, fragmentation of habitat conservation is the most frequent problem of co
tion, progressive isolation, changes in habitat quality and the increase of their permeability ed lichen species. 2.1. to characterize population dynamics of lobaria pulmonaria in mediterran sis of factors that are determining the colonization, growth and reproduction of individuals of that are determining the colonization, growth and reproduction of individuals of this species. on of individuals of this species. 2.2. evaluation of the spatial structure and population gene |
191 | 2 | t decade, the water dissolved inorganic phosphorus to demonstrate in which scale the measured v
anic phosphorus to demonstrate in which scale the measured variability in phytoplankton biomass |
7705 | 6 | re expressed during the grenelle of the environment or under the 2018 plan ecophyto impose rapi
tual elements of favorable agricultural production to an overall reduction of parasitic risk. t t strategies and handling of fragmented environment at different territorial levels resulting i his risk, in particular by reducing the colonization potential of crops by pests and amplificat acteristics involved in the suppressive nature. finally, the project will take advantage of pri ts to implement experimental devices in production conditions and in consultation with voluntar |
15047 | 4 | aid microorganisms represent in natural ecosystems. however, in recent years, contamination mai
nd metals has had a toxic effect on the ecosystems in which cyanobacteria are dominant. such is distributed all around the world. these ecosystems formed by a strong interaction between the m eraction between the microorganisms and sediment are distributed in layers of a thickness of a |
15437 | 6 | to the degradation and incorporation of nutrients to the ecosystem. the structural complexity o
n and incorporation of nutrients to the ecosystem. the structural complexity of mediterranean f rients to the ecosystem. the structural complexity of mediterranean forest allows an extraordin oxylic species associated to the forest environment. these microhabitats live together and inte versity and structure of the saproxylic community at the microhabitat level, allowing us to pre lification of the saproxylic assemblage complexity as a powerful tool to understand the biodive |
14171 | 9 | ions and severities co-occur in natural environment. however, the majority of experiments in pa
vironmental factors of interest include precipitation, soil water potential, air humidity, air soil water potential, air humidity, air temperature and nutrients. the emphasis will be given t tial, air humidity, air temperature and nutrients. the emphasis will be given to include the wi iven to include the wide range of plant traits spanning from leaf physiology to whole plant arc to broad-leaved angiosperms. different functional groups pot-experiments in controlled conditi that plant structural and physiological traits respond to environmental conditions at different ll receive special attention. as global climate change implies simultaneous modification of mul ng of how plants can cope with changing climate. |
14713 | 5 | ered the global biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen will be used to quantify the rates of nitrific
assimilation and denitrification at the ecosystem level in these streams without altering the a ject will provide information on stream ecosystem function at the reach scale within the contex stream ecosystem function at the reach scale within the context of global change. t the reach scale within the context of global change. |
14714 | 14 | ered the global biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen. a consequence of this alteration is the drama
ramatic increase of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in freshwater ecosystems. this constitutes a t solved inorganic nitrogen in freshwater ecosystems. this constitutes a threat not only for the eat not only for the integrity of these ecosystems, but also for human health. nitrogen is a ke ecosystems, but also for human health. nitrogen is a key element for organisms and its availab s and its availability can either limit ecosystem production or favor eutrophication; this in t availability can either limit ecosystem production or favor eutrophication; this in turn, may a in turn, may affect the capacity of the ecosystem to retain and transform this element. neverth m this element. nevertheless, in stream ecosystems the relationship between nitrogen retention eam ecosystems the relationship between nitrogen retention and concentration still remains uncl ins unclear probably due to the complex nature of biofilm communities that basically control n t basically control n dynamics in these ecosystems. additionally, in humanized catchments the r ext of n mass balances at the catchment scale as a function of the dominant catchment land uses ss balances at the catchment scale as a function of the dominant catchment land uses. |
224 | 9 | ponents in nutrient dynamics of coastal ecosystem. macroalgae and phytoplankton compete for nut
acroalgae and phytoplankton compete for nutrients in the coastal zone. in order to estimate the ems in the coastal zone, biogeochemical model based on collected measurement data will be devel y internal nutrient dynamics of coastal ecosystem. in order to assess the effect that external of the coastal zone, 3d-ecohydrodynamic model will be constructed, which will include sediment will be constructed, which will include sediment transport module. this integrated model will a iment transport module. this integrated model will allow for an integrated analysis of physical tions in the coastal zone. further, the model can assist in assessment of coastal ecosystem res del can assist in assessment of coastal ecosystem response to eutrophication. |
14138 | 1 | rocesses with investigations of spatial distribution of large-thalli macroalgae regimes, which
|
11631 | 7 | ve a key role in the global terrestrial carbon cycle. the external mycelium of em fungi is of p
mportance of the external mycelium, its functional diversity in nature is poorly understood. in l mycelium, its functional diversity in nature is poorly understood. in particular, little is k r c cycling. using both radioactive and stable isotopes of c, this project will determine the r his project will be the application and development of recent methods that link microbial diver hat link microbial diversity with their function to forest ecosystems for the first time. the p diversity with their function to forest ecosystems for the first time. the project will combine |
10962 | 4 | microbes has a significant effect upon ecosystem function and global carbon biogeochemistry. w
fect upon ecosystem function and global carbon biogeochemistry. we propose to investigate the e and molecular analysis of 13c labelled community 15srrna will identify functional keystone bac fy functional keystone bacteria and aid model construction of the role of microbes in c budgets |
14982 | 7 | one of the richest and more productive ecosystems of the planet because of their great biodive
ds have disappeared in spain pressed by development programmes and high contamination levels. t and lalbufera lagoon are representative ecosystems of a large number of wetlands and supercial mation to the contaminantion level. the optimization and development of analytical methods base taminantion level. the optimization and development of analytical methods based on the sorption will be applied to water, soil, natural vegetation and crops, will be one of the crucial steps l points between water, soil and native vegetation and crops. finally, a global and integrate t |
15085 | 6 | proposal aims to analyze the effects of habitat alteration and destruction on population struct
tebrates. although many factors causing mortality in larval and adult stages have been already s known about their effect on amphibian population dynamics due to a lack of basic information aphic data; and 2 data on the effect of habitat alteration on amphibian demographics. in the ib n peninsula levels of endemism are high evaluation of landscape fragmentation and its impact on rns of genetic structure, the degree of connectivity between populations and the adaptive compo |
2177 | 6 | ship between spatial extent and species richness independent of history, habitat heterogeneity
pecies richness independent of history, habitat heterogeneity and sampling effort. we will use dan forest fragments, standardizing for habitat heterogeneity, sampling effort, and history. th nts links the individual forests into a metacommunity. dispersal depends on the properties of t rix is conducive for dispersal, species richness will be higher than in regions where the matri rence will be detectable in the species richness of different forests. if the sar analyses show |
15470 | 19 | ed into aquatic systems. the suboptimal growth temperature, the nutrient limitation, the effect
aquatic systems. the suboptimal growth temperature, the nutrient limitation, the effect of bot the suboptimal growth temperature, the nutrient limitation, the effect of both visible and uv ct of both visible and uv light and the salinity, inherent conditions in the aquatic systems, a conditions in the aquatic systems, are stress factors to e. coli, which answers adopting the v v. cholerae, are able to recover their growth ability and colonize when the environmental cond proved that, as an answer to suboptimal temperature, this bacterium adopts the vbnc state. when s bacterium adopts the vbnc state. when temperature increases, in the warm season, vibrio is de behaviour of this bacterium when facing stress; however, the regulatory mechanisms of the answe ory mechanisms of the answer to adverse environment are little known and they required a deeper eversion of the vbnc phenotype when the temperature increase needs an exhaustive study. the aim l changes that occur in an experimental model, vibrio harveyi, as an answer to environmental st harveyi, as an answer to environmental stress, basically the decrease in temperature, and to k ental stress, basically the decrease in temperature, and to know the molecular aspects responsi hanges that also regulate the answer to stress. we will use epifluorescence microscopy, flow cy at are shown as an answer to an adverse environment. the knowledge, derived from the use of pro molecular control of vibrio response to stress, the results of this project can have implicatio s in the biomedicine area promoting the development of new strategies of detection and control hogen survival and dissemination in the environment. the results can be of interest in the desi |
14650 | 1 | us are two grasshopper subspecies whose distribution overlaps in the pyrenees, where they form
|
13500 | 4 | s in its pathogenic form can cause high mortality in wild birds. raptors may be at risk, partic
y implanting transponders to study body temperature, heart function and blood pressure as param onders to study body temperature, heart function and blood pressure as parameters in mallards i ity by its potential effects in complex ecosystems. |
13924 | 4 | flowering plant group sileneae serve as model group for a database project which integrates tax
ve, more general questions, such as the evolution of dioecy and gynodioecy, colonization of iso the evolution of dioecy and gynodioecy, colonization of isolated island groups and the arctic, ic, as well as comparive studies of the evolution of reproductive characters can be studied. ou |
12219 | 4 | r grazed habitats through informing the development of policy with respect to farming systems a
ce is a major policy driver behind this production orientated research. in addition to work on mes should be supported by this type of production research in the future. this study is being sioned on the advice of the cross-defra environment and landscape r&d working group, informed b |
14443 | 4 | estris for the interspecific diversity, distribution, economically valuable genotypes and their
hysiological state, regulation of plant metabolism and gene expression, improving the qualities mineral nutrition, regulation of plant metabolism and gene expression to improve the qualities improve the qualities of herb material, development technology and attempt to introduce the spe |
6854 | 1 | disease will be responsible for patient recruitment. a group of 700-1000 patients with ibd will
|
7483 | 13 | important sector of eu agriculture, but intensification has been accompanied by an increase in
ate measures that improve management of nutrients, waste and water as a start to move to manage t approaches for dairy cows that reduce nitrogen excretion into the environment through the opt that reduce nitrogen excretion into the environment through the optimization of rumen function, retion into the environment through the optimization of rumen function, an improved understandi nment through the optimization of rumen function, an improved understanding and prediction of d understanding and prediction of dietary nitrogen utilization for milk production and excretion f dietary nitrogen utilization for milk production and excretion in urine and faeces. novel too the project is a detailed mathematical model of n utilization by the cow which will act to int -intestinal tract will further underpin model development and indicate strategies to reduce n l tinal tract will further underpin model development and indicate strategies to reduce n losses. on profitability, a harmonised applied model will be derived from the mechanistic model and wi el will be derived from the mechanistic model and will be supported by tools to better describe |
13475 | 4 | pendent systems adapt to changes in the environment environmental changes can be short or long
n insect chemical ecology, ethology and evolution, from single molecules to whole animals, from als, from sensitisation and learning to evolution. examples of short-term modulation are the sh em also adapts over generations through evolution. it can be pre-adapted for e.g. host shifts, |
12554 | 12 | plants. they play a crucial role in the production of agricultural crops such as oilseed rape,
ial to maintain biodiversity in natural ecosystems. pollinating insects are vulnerable to pests s are vulnerable to pests, diseases and environmental change - threats that have increased over to insect pollinators and to inform the development of appropriate mitigation strategies. it is o inform the development of appropriate mitigation strategies. it is a joint initiative from th es research council, the department for environment, food and rural affairs, the natural enviro nt, food and rural affairs, the natural environment research council, the scottish government a d under the auspices of the living with environmental change programme. each of the partners ha e interactions between pollinators, the environment and the pests and diseases that affect thes aches will play a key role. the diverse nature of the funding partners helps to bring together iques in epidemiological and ecological modelling, alongside existing expertise in the pollinat ng expertise in the pollinator research community. |
13728 | 8 | insect resistance and life history evolution in wild and feral
insect resistance and life history evolution in wild and feral brassicas: int insect resistance and life history evolution in wild and feral brassicas: integrating key is project is to investigate how insect herbivory and seed dormancy affect fitness and populati fitness in the wild, in terms of plant abundance and altered species distributions. i will qua stributions. i will quantify how insect herbivory affects plant fitness in brassica rapa ssp. s e used to predict to what extent insect herbivory affects fitness and species distribution. i w t herbivory affects fitness and species distribution. i will also investigate if s. arvensis, b |
7557 | 1 | roplasmies. the rabbit is proposed as a model species to determine the possibility of using clo
|
1087 | 2 | ter understanding of those processes of evolution and speciation that have generated, and still
and hybridisation have acted either in succession or in parallel to determine the present taxo |
454 | 3 | onstraints that are limiting the cereal production in madagascar, a hemi-parasitic weed of type
onsible for both the strong decrease in production and the bad quality of the grains of rain-fe e actors of the madagascan agricultural community. the full term objective of this project is t |
7214 | 2 | ytosanitary constraints limiting cereal production in madagascar, a scrophulariacée hemiparasit
sponsible for both the sharp decline in production and the poor quality of upland rice and corn |
6943 | 6 | studies in hungarys oldest and largest habitat restoration to provide novel information on the
proach leads to a new interpretation of community assembly and the ecological processes operati ch can be applied directly in practical nature conservation and indirectly in the foundation of rectly in the foundation of sustainable development. we work by international scientific standa r spatial scales using observations and modelling, rather than experiments and monitoring as pr s. the project involves infrastructural development, which establishes the conditions for the f |
2099 | 3 | umber of species and individuals to the distribution of genotypes in individuals and population
ssary in order to predict the effect of environmental change or human encroachments. mechanisms ss, relatedness among individuals, fine-scale genetic structure, and estimate effective populat |
14444 | 5 | legumes to sustainable agriculture and nitrogen cycle is their ability to fix atmospheric nitr
cle is their ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen in most agricultural ecosystems. they are able mospheric nitrogen in most agricultural ecosystems. they are able to form specialized organs, r rhizobial bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen. over the past decade, two model legumes, l. j ric nitrogen. over the past decade, two model legumes, l. japonicus and m. truncatula, have bee |
7600 | 1 | on and sustainable management of forest ecosystems of the congo basin, the interactions between
|
7201 | 3 | after the grenelle of the environment, france has decided to reduce by 50% the us
e of pesticides by 2018, subject to the development of alternative methods. in the case of vege ative methods. in the case of vegetable production, the challenge of these developed is reinfor |
7196 | 2 | integrated coastal zone management and mapping standard. the results will be made at the end o
nt of an activity affecting the coastal environment. media work both locally and nationally are |
7616 | 2 | ctivities may influence the structure / function relationships in the aquatic communities. more
analysis as a tool for investigation of food webs in an ecological engineering context |
1104 | 21 | terranean and continental area. task 4. climate simulations. wp2. climate changes and evolution
area. task 4. climate simulations. wp2. climate changes and evolution of natural systems in the e simulations. wp2. climate changes and evolution of natural systems in the mediterranean area. tems in the mediterranean area. task 1. climate changes and their impact on genetic structure a d their impact on genetic structure and development patterns of some freshwater ichthyic specie some freshwater ichthyic species and on distribution of the ichthyic species in some southern m diterranean areas. task 2. study of the climate and environmental changes effects on distributi te and environmental changes effects on distribution, adaptation and biodiversity of water plan ability of river, lake and agricultural ecosystems and hydrological stress. task 4. climate and gricultural ecosystems and hydrological stress. task 4. climate and environmental changes effec ystems and hydrological stress. task 4. climate and environmental changes effects on target org task 6. georeferenced map design. wp3. climate changes and evolution of agricultural systems i ed map design. wp3. climate changes and evolution of agricultural systems in the mediterranean tems in the mediterranean area. task 1. climate effects on the sustainability and the dynamic o nges of the main environmental pressure indicators. task 4. analysis of hydrological samples. t cal samples. task 5. aeropalynology and climate changes. wp4. strategies for sustainable manage management in future scenarios. task 1. development of climate curves for understanding and mod uture scenarios. task 1. development of climate curves for understanding and modelling future s of climate curves for understanding and modelling future scenarios and their effects on coastal 3. plans of sustainable management and climate changes. task 4. exploitation of territorial an itorial and environmental resources and climate changes. task 5. hydrological resources managem |
403 | 5 | cropping for a long-term increased food production in the mekong delta. the underlying hypothes
mer takes full advantage of the natural production capacity of the rice field ecosystem. an unw l production capacity of the rice field ecosystem. an unwise use of pesticides, however, increa e of pesticides, however, increases the production cost and decreases the yield of both rice an ersity and fish yield in the rice field ecosystem. |
11776 | 13 | ncern is to a large extent derived from model-based predictions on how future climate change wi
m model-based predictions on how future climate change will affect european biodiversity. curre european biodiversity. current species distribution models suggest that climate change will ca pecies distribution models suggest that climate change will cause habitats to shift or contract es in how species respond to changes in habitat availability. central to this problem is the ha ability. central to this problem is the habitat tracking hypothesis, which states that populati populations will respond to changes in habitat availability by altering their distributions ac determine the probability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. w obability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. we will combine r ped ancient dna approaches with species distribution models to construct a detailed investigati o construct a detailed investigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time thr vestigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time through the last 40,000 year empo and mode of population response to climate change, as well as to evaluate, adjust and empl |
472 | 13 | ncern is to a large extent derived from model-based predictions on how future climate change wi
m model-based predictions on how future climate change will affect european biodiversity. curre european biodiversity. current species distribution models suggest that climate change will ca pecies distribution models suggest that climate change will cause habitats to shift or contract es in how species respond to changes in habitat availability. central to this problem is the ha ability. central to this problem is the habitat tracking hypothesis, which states that populati populations will respond to changes in habitat availability by altering their distributions ac determine the probability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. w obability and extent of climate-induced habitat tracking in european mammals. we will combine r ped ancient dna approaches with species distribution models to construct a detailed investigati o construct a detailed investigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time thr vestigation of habitat tracking in nine model species in real time through the last 40,000 year empo and mode of population response to climate change, as well as to evaluate, adjust and empl |
1946 | 9 | in this proposal we use the concept of ecosystem networks in a region as a tool for planning c
r integrating ecological and economical indicators in decision making on the spatial developmen ators in decision making on the spatial development of nature in multifunctional landscapes. wi on making on the spatial development of nature in multifunctional landscapes. with this informa , regional decision-makers can consider ecosystem networks as a potential regional investment i compare alternative design options. the scale level we focus on is the regional level , and on onal level , and on costs of developing nature. an attempt will be made to relate the economic area, type and spatial configuration of ecosystems in a region. we then will develop a simple t etween variable regional investments in ecosystem networks and the expected economic and conser |
13810 | 5 | eational fisheries use of lake fish and ecosystem functions. the management methods are catch a
nd release can affect fish foraging and growth, and thereby the fish stock and trophic effects implemented and allow for a productive development of the economically, socially and ecologica ainable use, biodiversity and values of ecosystem functions also have to be surveyed. we theref behaviours and attitudes to enhance the development of sustainable-use programmes where resourc |
13727 | 4 | oach uses quantitative data to generate habitat suitability, potential reserves and areas of co
ical research. we first assess critical habitat factors in the core distribution areas, along t ss critical habitat factors in the core distribution areas, along the perimeter and in predicte titude towards the carnivores along the distribution gradient. third, we overlay the attitude, |
14768 | 3 | as consequence, can be regarded as bio-indicator of habitat quality at larger scale.
ce, can be regarded as bio-indicator of habitat quality at larger scale. -indicator of habitat quality at larger scale. |
12542 | 5 | lineages. fungi are found in almost all ecosystems and are spread throughout the globe exhibiti
e exhibiting huge diversity in form and function. the global mycological community faces a daun rm and function. the global mycological community faces a daunting task in morphology-based spe h the basal rot of onion in the uk as a model to develop the methodologies. the generic approac s as well as the international fusarium community will be ensured through various dissemination |
10536 | 10 | predicting how species will respond to climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing
es are already moving northwards as the climate warms, while others appear not to be responding t make predictions regarding the future distribution of species. most models that make predicti ider one species in isolation and use a climate envelope approach - essentially they establish at the species will occur wherever that climate is found in the future. this method provides a to alter their range as rapidly as the climate change. there are likely to be interactions bet ill investigate. an existing ecological model will be extended so that incorporates genetic and a population changes during a period of climate change due to species changing their distributi hwards through britain. we will use our model framework to investigate how other characteristic e expected to evolve during a period of climate change. |
9825 | 10 | predicting how species will respond to climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing
es are already moving northwards as the climate warms, while others appear not to be responding t make predictions regarding the future distribution of species. most models that make predicti ider one species in isolation and use a climate envelope approach - essentially they establish at the species will occur wherever that climate is found in the future. this method provides a to alter their range as rapidly as the climate change. there are likely to be interactions bet ill investigate. an existing ecological model will be extended so that incorporates genetic and a population changes during a period of climate change due to species changing their distributi hwards through britain. we will use our model framework to investigate how other characteristic e expected to evolve during a period of climate change. |
15304 | 10 | line inland waters, a largely neglected environment despite its widely acknowledged conservatio
ties that induce changes in the natural hydrology and salinity levels, with a corresponding los ce changes in the natural hydrology and salinity levels, with a corresponding loss of biodivers tionary processes by which tolerance to salinity appears in beetles are unknown, though the mos and to predict organismal responses to global change by following the new, integrated, researc hes to broaden our understanding of the evolution of saline water specialists in different line f populations and species to a changing environment. the specific goals of the project are: 1. nformers 2. to determine differences in salinity and ionic tolerance of congeneric species. do the field 3. to examine the effects of salinity on acclimation capacity and thermal limits. do he relationships between physiology and habitat occupancy. how well does physiology predict fie |
10252 | 8 | d policy discussions on tropical forest ecosystem services are currently happening in two disjo
d models for quantifying and monetising ecosystem services. on the other hand, political ecolog st condition, market prices and benefit distribution, whilst rights- and justice-focussed resea searchers may neglect the full range of ecological services and their importance to non-local s nable and pro-poor governance of forest ecosystems and their services is to be achieved. we pro l attempt to consider the full range of ecosystem services, including forest products, hydrolog st products, hydrological services, and carbon sequestration and biodiversity. we will seek to saggregate the fes value chains and the distribution of benefits to different users along the v |
10425 | 2 | d the threat of global changes, such as climate change. until now, conservationists have been m
ion under environmental changes such as climate change. secondly, small or isolated populations |
10990 | 2 | d the threat of global changes, such as climate change. until now, conservationists have been m
ion under environmental changes such as climate change. secondly, small or isolated populations |
11173 | 2 | d the threat of global changes, such as climate change. until now, conservationists have been m
ion under environmental changes such as climate change. secondly, small or isolated populations |
11167 | 4 | the role of chemistry in atmospheric modelling is central to research into climate change an
c modelling is central to research into climate change and air quality. the description of chem ntly speed up the process of updating a model s chemical mechanism. this project will begin dev ical mechanism. this project will begin development of software to show this concept is viable. |
14830 | 7 | us knowledge on genetic variability and population dynamics showed by the two endemic lacertid
patterns of molecular and morphological evolution of podarcis filfolensis as a replication of t sponses in terms of behavioural ecology traits and their phylogeographical patterns. we will co aphical patterns. we will compare these traits using phylogenetic contrasts within each species genetical, morphological and ecological traits to explain the particular relation between pheon e species and to construct a predictive model integrating the evolution of populations and thei ruct a predictive model integrating the evolution of populations and their ecological character |
14831 | 7 | us knowledge on genetic variability and population dynamics of the two endemic lacertid lizards
patterns of molecular and morphological evolution of podarcis filfolensis as a replication of t sponses in terms of behavioural ecology traits and their phylogeographical patterns. we will co aphical patterns. we will compare these traits using phylogenetic contrasts within each species s genetic, morphological and ecological traits to explain the particular relation between pheon e species and to construct a predictive model integrating the evolution of populations and thei ruct a predictive model integrating the evolution of populations and their ecological character |
10649 | 14 | techniques that quantify the soil micro-environment. it has become increasingly apparent that w
that are too coarse. at the microscopic scale in a soil, bacteria and their food source or oxyg soil, bacteria and their food source or oxygen supply, for example, are spatially separated, ev the physical, chemical, and biological heterogeneity of soils, which combined with modelling t rogeneity of soils, which combined with modelling techniques, enables us to make sense of the c niques, enables us to make sense of the complexity of soil systems. soil physics and soil chemi highly interdependent, with the spatial distribution of chemical species often heterogeneously te, our understanding of the soil micro-environment relies heavily on the concept of soil aggre tions to obtain 2-d spatial maps of the distribution of elements in the same soil samples using ised with x-ray ct, and use statistical modelling to integrate in between the 2-d planes. we wi techniques to soils amended with black carbon and kaolinte, keeping selected applications in m elected applications in mind during the development. the combination of these two techniques wi o- and micro-aggregates in soil and the stability of biochar. this will be important for studie soils and how this will be affected by climate change and soil management. |
533 | 1 | ipally approached from the viewpoint of nature protection policy
|
1942 | 2 | tland biodiversity is necessary for the development and eva1uation of alternative management st
the economic and ecological models and indicators, specifica1ly ensuring their compatible and |
192 | 5 | tic variation linked to fitness related traits during early life stages in atlantic salmon. the
xperiments and utilizes genetic linkage mapping methodologies to identify and characterize geno ns associated with viability, embryonic development rate, time of emergence, length and weight veloped viability and ‘traditional’ qtl mapping methodologies both in experimental and natural sis of ecologically relevant phenotypic traits would be of great significance for genetic diver |
14513 | 12 | order to ensure the conservation of the environment and sustainable use of the natural resource
velop methodologies oriented to monitor ecosystem dynamics and sources of disturbances. it is c al that these methodologies incorporate remote sensing as a source of synoptic and spatially ex tect change. however, the diversity and complexity of the landscape processes at variable spati maging spectroscopy combined with other remote sensing information at several temporal, spatial o slow changes derived from the natural ecosystem dynamics.the accomplishment of this project w bute to improve the conservation of the ecosystem by increasing the knowledge about the process in the arid areas and developing change indicators related to the natural ecosystems dynamics a hange indicators related to the natural ecosystems dynamics and to anthropogenic disturbances. ical tools based on the exploitation of remote sensing data and their integration in geographic s, and therefore, a high sensitivity to global change. the development of this project will con high sensitivity to global change. the development of this project will contribute to improve |
15115 | 15 | global change is likely to have its most critical impac
ly to have its most critical impacts on ecosystem structure and functioning through the interac ean. fire regime is highly sensitive to climate change, land use and forest management. in medi expected to produce important shifts in community structure and composition. in this context, t ese responses such as shifts in species distribution patterns is not an easy task as many inter e. the integration of these elements in modelling platforms and methodological approaches to re hat allow the robust prediction of bird distribution changes at a landscape scale in a dynamic ird distribution changes at a landscape scale in a dynamic context dominated by perturbations. ject we will develop sound biodiversity modelling systems that integrate current ecological the ire regime in dynamic landscapes. these modelling systems should allow assessing quantitatively e effects of changes in fire regime and climate derived from the interactions of the different ractions of the different components of global change on bird distribution patterns. our study ent components of global change on bird distribution patterns. our study model will be mediterr n bird distribution patterns. our study model will be mediterranean landscapes heavily affected ge wildfires. objective 2. developing a modelling system for the overall analysis at the landsc |
14147 | 3 | eographical information systems, forest growth models, remote sensing and field inspection. the
ormation systems, forest growth models, remote sensing and field inspection. the methodology mu ecords. thus, the basic components of a remote sensing supported continuous forest inventory sy |
15200 | 1 | ity, allowing predicting the effects of climate change on biotic communities.
|
7209 | 2 | opose to take the nematodes as a unique model for biological research integrated ecological man
better understanding of population- or community effects of anthropogenic pressures and on the |
15082 | 3 | diversity crisis and the threats of the global change, it is urgent to properly inventory and d
, the growing gap between phylogeny and classification, the apparent mismatch of new phylogenie tter understanding of the diversity and evolution of andean amphibians and reptiles, which will |
9882 | 6 | ce has emerged that dramatic changes in ecosystem processes and functioning are taking place ac
across europe under the joint impact of climate change and human-induced shift in land use. one s tested that pertain to the impacts of climate and land use changes on biodiversity and to the on management of exploited and pristine ecosystems in the face of global change. these include and pristine ecosystems in the face of global change. these include the scope for mitigating a s and stakeholders, we will explore the ecosystem-level consequences of our findings, alternati |
480 | 3 | ce has emerged that dramatic changes in ecosystem processes and functioning are taking place ac
across europe under the joint impact of climate change and human-induced shift in land use. one 0s impacts on demographic parameters of predators that exploit cyclically fluctuating herbivore |
14623 | 8 | in the actual global change scenario there is an increasing demand of
yse the interacting effects of multiple stress factors on the diversity and production of ecosy ple stress factors on the diversity and production of ecosystems. predicting the outcome of a g tors on the diversity and production of ecosystems. predicting the outcome of a global perturba outcome of a global perturbation on the ecosystem is a difficult if not hazardous task, because mplex antagonic and synergic effects of multiple stressors. it is the main objective of this pr objective of this project to study the nature of the interactive effects of ultraviolet radiat at a chosen lake over a large temporal scale, and short experimental in situ experiments versu |
2494 | 10 | there are two main factors driving environmental change in arid lands, climate variability
ing environmental change in arid lands, climate variability and human interference. acacia will focus on the arid core, i.e. the desert environment, and interactions with the nomadic populati both valuable and vulnerable. increased stress, caused by change in land-use and/or climate, ca ss, caused by change in land-use and/or climate, can reduce their viability. at the same time t alue for conservation in a more extreme climate. acacia will therefore study the genetic divers ions. further, acacia will apply stable carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis combined with 14c d er, acacia will apply stable carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis combined with 14c dating from o achieve a better understanding of the climate variability in this extreme environment, and th the climate variability in this extreme environment, and thereby of ecological and socio-econom |
15051 | 6 | ailability and the thermal state of the environment as determinants of the distribution, abunda
the environment as determinants of the distribution, abundance and body condition of birds win nt as determinants of the distribution, abundance and body condition of birds wintering in the ible effect of the thermal state of the environment on the winter biology of birds, considering inter biology of birds, considering the energy budget of birds and territory occupancy. the mod t of birds and territory occupancy. the model organisms are frugivorous and insectivorous woodl |
10105 | 12 | and temporal variability in settlement/recruitment which may have important implications for l
y have important implications for local population dynamics. however, the way in which recruitm ion dynamics. however, the way in which recruitment variability interacts with post recruitment uitment variability interacts with post recruitment processes such as predation and competition with post recruitment processes such as predation and competition is not understood. this proje uitment processes such as predation and competition is not understood. this project uses manipu tood. this project uses manipulation of recruitment and post recruitment processes in a typical es manipulation of recruitment and post recruitment processes in a typical and easily studied b hic invertebrate to examine the role of density dependence in controlling adult population dyna density dependence in controlling adult population dynamics under differing physical conditions . simultaneous hierarchical sampling of recruitment variability places small scale experiments of recruitment variability places small scale experiments into context. |
13865 | 4 | ject will answer the questions: how can ecosystem functioning and biodiversity be optimised in
differing in age and plant composition. development of plant species composition and biodiversi e followed in 18 experimental wetlands. ecosystem functioning and underlying biogeochemical pro een biodiversity, plant composition and ecosystem functioning. guidelines for wetland construct |
2141 | 1 | istinctiveness, genetic composition and evolution; and 2 possible factors explaining the patter
|
14153 | 17 | blem of environmental impacts on forest growth is important in both global and regional scales.
icant regional differences in trends of temperature and precipitation are predicted for differe ifferences in trends of temperature and precipitation are predicted for different regions of th ferent regions of the world. in estonia temperature probably rises mainly during winter, but su can not be higher, than allowed by net carbon uptake by the tree. decrease in tree photosynthe ynthesis in conditions of environmental stress can limit tree growth, but the dectrease in phot of environmental stress can limit tree growth, but the dectrease in photosynthesis rate can be so the result, not the primary cause of growth inhibition. in the case, when environmental stre bition. in the case, when environmental stress affects directly cell division, there will be pr mediated environmental impacts on plant growth can be separated by changes in relationships bet s betweeh tree level photosynthesis and growth. previous year environmental impacts via bud for oliage from buds and some mechanisms of growth regulation will be also investigated in this pro hm and also in controlled conditions of growth chambers. experiments in growth chambers help to ions of growth chambers. experiments in growth chambers help to make difference between environ eriment. air humidity, leaf wetness and temperature will be manipulated and changes in xylem fl changes in xylem flux, photosynthesis, growth rate , carbohydrate accumulation and other physi environmental impacts during predicted climate change. |
13826 | 10 | able trees for biodiversity and how its recruitment is affected by ungulates in relation to tre
nd fire. we aim at quantifying critical thresholds for co-existence of both aspen and large her tanding of how ungulate browsing affect abundance and distribution of aspen and species associa ungulate browsing affect abundance and distribution of aspen and species associated with this ce of disturbance and browsing on aspen recruitment. a novel approach is that we assess tempora deterministic and stochastic population modeling to forecast changes in aspen abundance. we als n modeling to forecast changes in aspen abundance. we also address the impact of environmental lso address the impact of environmental heterogeneity on ungulate habitat use, ranging behavior environmental heterogeneity on ungulate habitat use, ranging behavior and utilization of aspen eneity on ungulate habitat use, ranging behavior and utilization of aspen in a sequential serie |
430 | 2 | d to cretaceous european flora led to a model of spatio-temporal replacement of gymnosperms by
tal marine environments. the changes in vegetation during the middle cretaceous are correlated |
9849 | 12 | at warwick has demonstrated that river sediment bed-form, such as particle courseness and ripp
els of suspended solids and biochemical oxygen demand. however the implications of direct disch communities inhabiting biofilms at the sediment surface, and the way in which direct discharge s affect interactions between bed-form, microbial community composition and pollutant biodegrad nteractions between bed-form, microbial community composition and pollutant biodegradation rate s will be tested: 1. chemical pollutant distribution patterns within river sediment are determi tant distribution patterns within river sediment are determined by bed-form 2. bed-form control rmined by bed-form 2. bed-form controls microbial community structure and diversity 3. bed-form e and diversity 3. bed-form affects the development of catabolic communities and biodegradation orate the results into general exposure modelling frameworks for developed and developing count r biology, environmental hydraulics and modelling. the industrial partner will provide funding hs at unilever for training in exposure modelling and environmental risk assessment. |
7696 | 3 | ring of road and agricultural plots for vegetation and wildlife including the collection and an
en spaces solssupports: maintenance and development of functions and services. example of the t titutional arrangements for sustainable development of rural areas or' engineering and environm |
13800 | 2 | then along with a stimulation of plant resistance to herbivory. the hypotheses will be tested
th a stimulation of plant resistance to herbivory. the hypotheses will be tested by means of on |
14852 | 4 | d autoecological studies in its natural habitat. besides, we have started the study of the halo
the halophage comunity that shares the habitat with salinibacter and haloarcahea and most like environmental conditions. the halophage community will also be characterized with a metagenomic y, besides getting a description of our model system, we aim at obtaining information that coul |
7204 | 6 | management modes and different societal perceptions. the project aims to better understand the
t to a conservation program. . - on the scale of the plot will be related special constructions ill be related special constructions of resistance in the host plant, emergence of new virulenc t plant, emergence of new virulence and evolution of the aggressiveness of the pathogen populat aluable to build and deploy sustainable resistance in cultivated poplar. - at the landscape sca n cultivated poplar. - at the landscape scale, will be specified the role of different evolutio |
15194 | 4 | de on inorganic processes affecting the migration of actinides in these repositories but it is
erent mechanisms including biosorption, precipitation, etc. these microbial processes play a cr lay a crucial role on the transport and migration of these inorganic contaminants in the enviro of these inorganic contaminants in the environment. microbial occurrence and -processes in gra |
13940 | 17 | ip between the number of species and/or functional groups of wood decay fungi and the species p
d the species persistence, efficency of decomposition and metabolic efficiency will be tested a fficency of decomposition and metabolic efficiency will be tested as well as competition under ic efficiency will be tested as well as competition under stable and variable abiotic regimes. nd the results from previous studies on productivity and biodiversity in terrestrial and aquati biodiversity in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to establish general principles for function ems to establish general principles for functional diversity across different ecological proces nt ecological processes such as primary production and decomposition. functional biodiversity w rocesses such as primary production and decomposition. functional biodiversity will be studied biodiversity under perturbations of the ecosystem by means of changes in temperature, gaseous r of the ecosystem by means of changes in temperature, gaseous regime and other abiotic factors. factors. preliminary results show that decomposition decrease with increased biodiversity unde h increased biodiversity under constant temperature but increase under a variable temperature r mperature but increase under a variable temperature regime. re-isolation of species after the p s significantly higher under a variable temperature regime indicating less competition in this able temperature regime indicating less competition in this environment. ime indicating less competition in this environment. |
7492 | 3 | . in this second part, the selected model is an endophytic bacteria, beneficial for the gro
endophytic bacteria, beneficial for the growth of potatoes, whose clonal population will be pro ated by cuttings of the host plant. the evolution of these populations will be monitored by the |
15500 | 3 | causes that have originated the present distribution ranges of bryophytes. the genus orthotrich
are the cases of parallel of convergent evolution common in this group the studies carried out e mechanisms involved in the origin and evolution of current bryophyte areas. |
11527 | 2 | to maintain the crucial services of the environment is the need to have accurate information re
services provided by natural resources, ecosystems and biodiversity. this is problematic both b |
1949 | 8 | hes of different quality. the predicted distribution, however, strongly depends on the generali
nship between intake rate and both prey density and competitor density. the notion that competi te and both prey density and competitor density. the notion that competitors are not all alike at reliable predictions of the spatial distribution of foraging animals. yet, empirical studie vailability can be characterised by the density of the standing crop in a patch, are extremely proposed project aims to study a single predator, the shore crab carcinus meanas in detail to e rences in competitive ability among the predators. subsequently, ideal free predictions on patc eliable generalised functional response model, will be experimentally tested. |
11211 | 3 | ections between living things and their environment. we are increasingly aware that not only do
ugh the processes of photosynthesis and respiration, plants and microbes more and better data, s while learning from the international community, to make it a more complete player and leader |
11561 | 2 | ty in potentially the largest bacterial habitat on earth and also has implications for similar
lar determinations in other terrestrial sediment and soil environments, as well as subsurface e |
10707 | 6 | tation of complex physical processes in climate system models but coupling biogeochemistry, che
chemistry and the human management with climate. additionally, the global research community wi mate. additionally, the global research community will require components that allow interactio decision making with environmental and climate considerations. as a step towards a full earth serve as a mechanism for promoting the development of the next generation of scientists to be required by the future of earth system modeling. an important element will be including partic |
7378 | 1 | omy, research in plant breeding, on the evolution of farming systems, and whether local governa
|
12614 | 3 | lude resolving the role of number-based thresholds and the basis on which such thresholds opera
thresholds and the basis on which such thresholds operate and the role of devolving case-by-ca determine each countrys estimate of the scale of the task facing it. this will include estimate |
11468 | 1 | tious epidemiology, ecology, stochastic modelling, mathematical biology and statistics with an
|
6956 | 3 | us may have a significant impact on the evolution of species. the saccharomyces sensu stricto g
icto group is an excellent experimental model system for studying the hybridisation process and isation process taking place in natural environment. the investigation of the mitotic and meiot |
15089 | 13 | is one of the most singular and diverse ecosystems of europe and its conservation is top priori
nsects, the most diverse in terrestrial ecosystems, acting in the degradation and incorporation in the degradation and incorporation of nutrients to the ecosystem. these insects are a diverse n and incorporation of nutrients to the ecosystem. these insects are a diverse functional group ecosystem. these insects are a diverse functional group and are sensitive to any alteration of re sensitive to any alteration of their habitat. previous studies show that the factors that co ction and the functionality of these in ecosystems. understanding such properties is essential is essential in order to understand the evolution of ecosystems and for the development of viab in order to understand the evolution of ecosystems and for the development of viable conservati the evolution of ecosystems and for the development of viable conservation measures. bearing th specific interactions in the saproxylic community that will allow us to apply the results for c auna, using diptera syrphidae larvae as indicators. what is new and original in this proposal r lic species and the management of their habitat from the point of view of the functionality of |
10938 | 3 | ican lobsters into european waters as a model to study the mechanisms of species competition/di
odel to study the mechanisms of species competition/displacement and the role of interspecific in a large tank simulating the natural habitat to investigate if h. gammarus females are attra |
10777 | 2 | rm humans, animals or beneficial insect predators and is licensed as an organic spray. while bt
my laboratory suggests that cooperative traits are vital for efficient transmission between hos |
11165 | 2 | rm humans, animals or beneficial insect predators and is licensed as an organic spray. while bt
my laboratory suggests that cooperative traits are vital for efficient transmission between hos |
14502 | 7 | the main interpopulation variations in life history characteristics of the spur-thighed tortoi
n environmental gradients that rule its distribution on a large scale: rainfall, minimum extrem s that rule its distribution on a large scale: rainfall, minimum extremes temperatures and succ dynamics. we will develop a population model for the species where we will explore the effects ts of such interpopulation variation in life history. the framewok of this project are the stud he species in which we have studies the distribution and the species-habitat relationships. tudies the distribution and the species-habitat relationships. |
10623 | 7 | hanges in the prevalence of intra guild predation in relation to prey abundance and to start ex
tra guild predation in relation to prey abundance and to start exploring its dynamic implicatio in dietary reconstruction in a guild of predators in an ecosystem dominated by the cyclic fluct struction in a guild of predators in an ecosystem dominated by the cyclic fluctuations of field n most vertebrate members of the forest ecosystem and start testing specific hypotheses on the igp to modify the amplitude and delayed nature of the numerical responses of vole predators , w ture of the numerical responses of vole predators , which are likely to influence vole dynamics |
11094 | 4 | to explain the evolution of cooperative vertebrate societies and the d
to be unusually large and reproductive competition among females may be more intense than amon ntense than among males, leading to the evolution of females that are larger and more aggressiv perative mongoose determine whether the development and behaviour of the two sexes is adapted t |
15067 | 1 | ifferences, including the detection and distribution of the most important pathogenicity factor
|
6874 | 1 | otic bacteria. the demonstration of the participation of prokaryotic symbionts in the generatio
|
2512 | 16 | the rate of energy expenditure integrates nearly all aspects of the
, and knowledge of the factors limiting energy expenditure is of paramount importance for a bet tance for a better understanding of the evolution of life-history traits in free-living species anding of the evolution of life-history traits in free-living species. one factor which may exe rt a powerful constraint on the rate of energy expenditure, and which currently receives consid ves considerable interest, is oxidative stress. it has been suggested that increased energy exp s. it has been suggested that increased energy expenditure leads to an elevated generation of r s to an elevated generation of reactive oxygen species which in turn may lead to increased soma erated aging and death. hence oxidative stress may be a universal physiological mechanism under h to test the hypothesis that oxidative stress constraints the field metabolic rate and mediate reproduction, using the kittiwake as a model species. in two experiments we will manipulate br espectively, and simultaneously measure energy expenditure, oxidative damage, antioxidant capac ionship of metabolic rate and oxidative stress, and fitness consequences associated with increa consequences associated with increased metabolism. utilization of a study population with indi story will allow us to separate age and stress related effects from effects of metabolic rate o nding of the physiological basis of the evolution of life-history trade-offs. |
7280 | 2 | lutionary history of the region and the life history traits of taxa that inhabit
tory of the region and the life history traits of taxa that inhabit |
15322 | 3 | lish in the face of novel environmental habitat conditions after their introduction. the ongoin
g spread of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems calls for an urgent and detailed study of th taceans has negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. the american brine shrimp artemia francisca |
2040 | 5 | to develop and test a simple conceptual model of invasions of marine exotic species. this model
nvasions of marine exotic species. this model considers only one donor region, one vector, and of species by the donor region; 2..the nature and the magnitude of the vector responsible for or responsible for the transport; 3.the nature of the recipient region, in particular the numbe lready established in that region. this model predicts that the introduction rate will be high |
7602 | 2 | models are based on the study of socio- ecosystem dynamics to check that the proposed managemen
gration of formal models of sustainable development, such as sustainability models, was still l |
15578 | 1 | to explore scenarios of impacts on the environment resulting from policies integrating mbis an
|
15254 | 2 | ental issue, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, where their abundance and ecological and ec
y in freshwater ecosystems, where their abundance and ecological and economical impacts are for |
12151 | 7 | unction zone of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems is forming a specific habitat complex, which
strial ecosystems is forming a specific habitat complex, which has a large variety of environme d be very susceptible to invasions. the distribution, ecological niche, the impact on the biota , the impact on the biota, habitats and ecosystems of three major invasive mammal species in li the impact of beaver on the spread and abundance of alien mammal species and habitat use will d abundance of alien mammal species and habitat use will be investigated using field, automatic he possible invasion of this species in ecosystems of lithuania will be evaluated. |
14279 | 1 | own. also the way changes in the global climate will affect invasions is not well understood. t
|
7176 | 2 | ssesses the impacts of this invasion an ecosystem scale
e impacts of this invasion an ecosystem scale |
7185 | 5 | e tick rhipicephalus. together with the evolution of resistance, this reflects a dramatic adapt
ephalus. together with the evolution of resistance, this reflects a dramatic adaptive dynamics ed crucial for future management of the distribution of acaricide resistance in the island lies gement of the distribution of acaricide resistance in the island lies in the detection and char appearance of the first new caledonian resistance to amitraz |
7180 | 2 | . Moreover, our study suggests a strong growth rate of the population and an effective long-ran
iews. interviews with growers show that production of a species is closely linked to changes in |
15316 | 3 | o the biotic diversity and integrity of ecosystems. the mechanisms that permit the initial esta
e study of this issue are to: to assess habitat use of the native and introduced populations of h the prediction of the potential range distribution. |
10497 | 3 | sembly sequence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core
uence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core will moni natural enemies that differ markedly in life history strategies. using mathematical and statist |
10580 | 3 | sembly sequence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core
uence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core will moni natural enemies that differ markedly in life history strategies. using mathematical and statist |
10996 | 3 | sembly sequence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core
uence, or invasion, on insect community stability and dynamics. the experimental core will moni natural enemies that differ markedly in life history strategies. using mathematical and statist |
7169 | 2 | rs of the tropics, where they settle in density and become the dominant elements of the benthic
pondents also know badly enough in what environment live molluscs vectors and thiaridés, do not |
7165 | 2 | oposed a multidisciplinary study of the evolution of invasive populations and mechanisms determ
isms determining their installation and distribution, in two species of freshwater crustaceans |
7243 | 2 | ive species, altering the structure and community composition and therefore the deterioration o
tion and therefore the deterioration of ecosystem functions. socio -economic impacts are as var |
15331 | 6 | ons of affected aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. particularly, we aim to analyse the impact
we aim to analyse the impact of exotic leaf litter, whose physical-chemical properties may dif l properties may differ from the native leaf litter, on the structure and function of the edaph ative leaf litter, on the structure and function of the edaphic and freshwater communities of i communities play a crucial role on the ecosystem nutrient cycle. by merging the results of the floodplains to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. |
7162 | 1 | corollary of endemism. tags: drosophila model, invasive species, ecological intraspecific diver
|
10011 | 2 | rial college. as part of their personal development plan, the student will also be required to
alysis, science communication, personal development and other generic and transferable skills. |
14841 | 2 | ely unexplored, even though the genetic traits of nonindegenous species is regarded as fundamen
eographical differences in life-history traits among iberian gambusia populations, but informat |
14840 | 4 | re the second threat to diversity after habitat loss and a leading mechanism of global change,
habitat loss and a leading mechanism of global change, particularly in freshwater ecosystems. m obal change, particularly in freshwater ecosystems. mosquitofish to understand the effects of r river zonation and water regime on the life history and the population ecology of mosquitofish |
7018 | 2 | nvolve enzymology and antibiotic and/or growth promoting traits of the isolates prepared in the
and antibiotic and/or growth promoting traits of the isolates prepared in the project. |
12477 | 26 | the overall aim of the project is to review the social and economic quantitative and qualita
sing the state of england’s terrestrial ecosystems using an ecosystem approach. the ‘evidence b gland’s terrestrial ecosystems using an ecosystem approach. the ‘evidence base refers to data, l complement and build upon the natural environment evidence base specified in phase 1 of nep. ng an inventory of data for the natural environment - provide recommendations on the potential for assessing the state of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to p tate of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to people - highlight an ctive delivery and communication of the ecosystem service approach to meet the aims of the proj nomic ‘evidence relevant to the natural environment in england. - objective 2: compile a list o acteristics, which could be used in the ecosystem services approach - objective 3: indicate the economic roles of england’s terrestrial environment and the ecosystem services it provides. - o gland’s terrestrial environment and the ecosystem services it provides. - objective 4: compare using the economic, social and natural environment evidence base can be used to assess the sta used to assess the state of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to p tate of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to people - objective 6: is project will provide defra with: 1 a review of the social and economic quantitative and qual sing the state of england’s terrestrial ecosystems using an ecosystem approach 2 recommendation gland’s terrestrial ecosystems using an ecosystem approach 2 recommendations on which sources o ng an inventory of data for the natural environment 3 recommendations on the potential use of t for assessing the state of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to p tate of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to people 4 information ctive delivery and communication of the ecosystem service approach 6 metadata relating to the s mic datasets that can contribute to the ecosystem approach the outputs of the project will prov using the economic, social and natural environment evidence base can be used to assess the sta used to assess the state of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to p tate of the natural environment and the ecosystem services it provides to people. |
6764 | 2 | ert the quantitative data into mass and energy. the wild aquatic birds’ daily and seasonal acti
strated. the whole data, the direct and indirect effects of aquatic birds will be discussed tog |
2199 | 2 | and brackish or brackish and freshwater ecosystems. if organisms with a pelagic life strategy a
important as a dispersing phase in the life history of the species in question, though the fin |
10024 | 3 | peppered moths after industrialization, resistance to insecticides after spraying with ddt, ant
des after spraying with ddt, antibiotic resistance in bacteria. natural selection, of course, h course, happens in response to natural environmental change as well, although the tempo of the |
11314 | 3 | peppered moths after industrialization, resistance to insecticides after spraying with ddt, ant
des after spraying with ddt, antibiotic resistance in bacteria. natural selection, of course, h course, happens in response to natural environmental change as well, although the tempo of the |
2481 | 6 | northern coastal ecosystems are experiencing environmental perturbations
ronmental perturbations due to changing climate and human activities like harvesting and aquacu re. the project is aimed to investigate ecosystem structure and dynamics using ecosystem models ecosystem structure and dynamics using ecosystem models . the model output will be compared to d dynamics using ecosystem models . the model output will be compared to fishermens knowledge w ial and temporal variability in coastal ecosystems. |
11624 | 2 | hether the dna relates to the layers of sediment it is found in, or whether water movement may
each site, to determine the effects of climate change during the height of the last glaciation |
10491 | 4 | plants, or phytoplankton, use the sun s energy to combine atmospheric carbon dioxide habitats a
the sun s energy to combine atmospheric carbon dioxide habitats as these are considered to be t will be used to produce a mathematical model that is capable of predicting the quantities of c the role of marine sediments in global climate models. |
12552 | 4 | tellite markers and european foul brood resistance this module proposes to catalogue honey bee
ne which honey bees exhibit efb disease resistance. initially, genetic stock will be sourced to netic diversity present. to investigate resistance, candidate apiaries will be identified by ha indicate a possible genetic link to efb resistance. 2. alternative non-chemical approaches for |
10605 | 9 | the availability of suitable breeding habitat is crucial to whether or not species have been
eir distributions in response to recent climate warming. thus, any changes in species host plan ributions in response to recent climate warming. thus, any changes in species host plant prefer s host plant preferences which increase habitat availability would also increase species abilit also increase species ability to track climate change. however, such changes have rarely been ential interactive effects on butterfly life history traits. it will determine whether such eff ctive effects on butterfly life history traits. it will determine whether such effects may cont observed in some species during recent climate warming. d in some species during recent climate warming. |
11542 | 6 | tionary changes or relatively few large-scale ones. in theory we can study the fossilized remai
t effective means of deciphering animal evolution. selected fossil echinoderms will be studied e of life of these extinct animals. the development of living echinoderms from embryo to adult is manner it will be established if the model for determining fundamental homologies in echinod d the novelties that arose during their evolution into modern forms. it may also help to infer an optimal understanding of organismal evolution. |
12563 | 8 | e the population structure and relative production of eels from different habitats across river
sins; investigate relationships between habitat and eel production in order to inform the trans e relationships between habitat and eel production in order to inform the transport of models f derstanding of the relationship between habitat and eel production in england and wales, to sup he relationship between habitat and eel production in england and wales, to support defras resp populations by improving our ability to model eel production across river basins and transporti s by improving our ability to model eel production across river basins and transporting the mod cross river basins and transporting the model application from data-rich to data-poor basins. |
13876 | 12 | des on the relationship between species richness and ecosystem function, large-scale studies th
lationship between species richness and ecosystem function, large-scale studies than span long richness and ecosystem function, large-scale studies than span long successional gradients are es on islands with different decomposer richness the effect of 1 litter species richness, 2 dec richness the effect of 1 litter species richness, 2 decomposer species richness, and 3 interact species richness, 2 decomposer species richness, and 3 interactions between litter species ric d 3 interactions between litter species richness and the decomposer community, on decomposition ter species richness and the decomposer community, on decomposition rates, can be investigated. chness and the decomposer community, on decomposition rates, can be investigated. the project w s into how changed diversity may affect ecosystem functioning in natural systems. such informat evious and future short-term and small- scale studies are consistent with what happens in the f with what happens in the field in real ecosystems over large spatial scales. |
11349 | 4 | ation, water-column denitrification and productivity are linked on upwelling margins and to ass
ave contributed to glacial-interglacial climate change by modulating oceanic nutrient inventori eochemical processes control biological production in the ocean, and on what time scales . the on and phosphorite-based u/th dates, in sediment cores collected from the eastern tropical nort |
10860 | 2 | ised as having an important role in the evolution of new species and even groups of species. it
species. it has been implicated in the evolution of the hawaiian crickets, the lake baikal scu |
11189 | 2 | ised as having an important role in the evolution of new species and even groups of species. it
species. it has been implicated in the evolution of the hawaiian crickets, the lake baikal scu |
12344 | 1 | opulation . results will be provided to nature conservation agencies to inform the designation
|
6965 | 2 | ans , and the markers by increasing the efficiency of the selection process can help in the bre
in the breeding of new varieties having resistance to late blight. |
6814 | 5 | community studies of small mammals have revealed that t
s have revealed that the diversity of a community is positively correlated with habitat structu community is positively correlated with habitat structure, and it is the habitat selection that d with habitat structure, and it is the habitat selection that separates small mammal populatio al periods presenting the most southern distribution of this holarctic species. there are three |
14445 | 7 | develop their practical application as indicator groups for long term monitoring of the biodiv
the biodiversity for assessment of the ecosystems in bulgaria and turkey to gather the necessa al material, transformed to protect the environment. for example live traps, fixatives like pro ained on work in a team in real working environment. they will acquire basic skills in analysis udents from the local schools about the nature environment and the need of its conservation wil from the local schools about the nature environment and the need of its conservation will be in mployees of the directorate of strandja nature park, students, officials and other will be skil |
12622 | 7 | peatlands are large stores of carbon to see which restoration measures are best at re
tablished by the centre for ecology and hydrology for their carbon catchments programme. the ri tre for ecology and hydrology for their carbon catchments programme. the rigorously designed fi on, meteorological variables, dissolved carbon fluxes and detailed identification of the mechan its in terms of conserving the peatland carbon store and minimising ghg emissions. we will also we will also evaluate the potential of mitigation options, including vegetation management and ential of mitigation options, including vegetation management and sulphur amendment, to reduce |
11451 | 3 | been investigated in this way. skeletal indicators of vitamin d deficiency offer an invaluable
ged in the study of past societies. the metabolism of vitamin d means that deficiency is linked tus of individuals and pollution so the development of the disease can be used to interpret cha |
11197 | 1 | o investigate the expression and tissue distribution of na, k-atpase alpha and beta subunits.
|
6864 | 2 | anifestation. for the prevention of the development of asthma, for the treatment of the develop
ts will be tested in our in vivo animal model of asthma. |
2505 | 1 | p stock structure in the species' whole distribution range in the north atlantic. the former pa
|
12749 | 1 | nce-policy platform on biodiversity and ecosystem services
|
168 | 2 | not been considered in common models of population dynamics. in addition to this general biolog
e plants would be of importance also in nature concervation, and in improving methods of plant |
12633 | 1 | l properties or soil biological quality indicators distributed across gb in stratified random a
|
10126 | 2 | production of nitrous oxide soil inoculated with aob an
from objective 1, and in a natural soil community adopting a combination of 15n-isotopomer and |
217 | 5 | about the function of avian eggshell-pigmentation has been discus
of 19th century. the proposed signaling function of pigmentation in heterogeneous habitat compl nction of pigmentation in heterogeneous habitat complex. our main working hypothesis is that ca that calcium deficiency in the breeding environment will result in thinner, but more densely pi properties of the eggs or the breeding environment of birds, and so would contribute to the im |
10715 | 5 | t are vital to the functioning of every ecosystem on earth. despite this, very little is known
ple, we know neither the number nor the distribution of species. it was recently suggested in t oalgae, though they provide half of the oxygen we breathe, play a vital role in controlling cli eathe, play a vital role in controlling climate, and are very important as indicators in enviro ling climate, and are very important as indicators in environmental monitoring, are currently u |
10396 | 4 | sea ice. these brine channels provide a habitat for a host of organisms, particularly single ce
ty results in high amounts of dissolved organic matter being produced in the brine channels, an e important because they can modify the environment surrounding a cell. it is throught that sea composition of eps does changes as the salinity increases, and what those chemical changes are |
10798 | 5 | es and rates of denitrifier-n2o and -n2 production. however, the significance of this dynamic c
otope techniques to quantify n2o and n2 production during denitrification and relate this to c and relate this to c utilisation by the microbial community, the activity of denitrifying bacte up-regulation of genes involved in n2o production and reduction. information obtained will be tion obtained will be essential for the development of strategies to mitigate n2o emissions thr |
11499 | 4 | to the next generation as possible. the evolution of social behaviour is a paradox because it r
the offspring of others. explaining the evolution of helping behaviour in animal societies has g. for example, if drifting incurs high mortality, then the costs may often outweigh the benefi erstanding of helping behaviour and the evolution of sociality in a theoretical context. |
11127 | 5 | increased emissions of nitrogen , this programme of research will be the first
change. it will also determine whether vegetation can recover from these impacts on p supply w hose concerned with the conservation of ecosystems and preservation of biodiversity. it will in to better predict pollutant n impact on ecosystems and better establish critical loads . the me t important factor in determining plant growth. |
11341 | 2 | this project will address the evolution of virulence and host range in insect-specifi
ism whereby these pathogens may acquire traits beneficial to their ecological fitness. the theo |
10448 | 3 | potential to play a significant role in community organisation by coupling water column and ben
thereby coupling planktonic and benthic food webs. here, we specifically address the hypothesis ction in water clarity and depletion of organic matter in sediments in line with the reported e |
15080 | 2 | the adaptations to the environment that we humans have endured along our evolu
etic architecture of complex phenotypic traits, and reveal how despite our general similarity a |
13522 | 2 | ern sweden, and the surrounding ‘normal production forest . we will combine fossil beetle analy
matrix and in the hotspots before large scale anthropogenic induced changes began 200-500 years |
14618 | 1 | determining the degree of intraspecific competition for food in several breeding colonies of th
|
10170 | 3 | ss-of-fit between colour vision and the environment might depend on population size and stabili
ent might depend on population size and stability. there is preliminary evidence that some isla hance processes might contribute to the evolution of colour vision. this population biological |
10805 | 9 | scientists to collect information about climate change, in response to growing public concerns
ic concerns about issues such as global warming and the hole in earth s ozone layer. since then are a likely factor. earths present-day climate changes are closely related to the ice frozen i s including london. some of the fastest climate changes on earth have taken place at the antarc xplorations in the 19th century, show a warming of more than 5 degrees c during the past 100 ye st 100 years. perhaps the most dramatic climate changes ever witnessed have occurred during the em and how they might affect our future climate. in the wake of each collapse, new embayments h ce, which, like tree rings, tell us how climate has changed over the past century. when combine en identified, we will build a computer model of the ice shelf to investigate how it might frac |
10406 | 2 | producers, i.e. they convert inorganic carbon on the most likely predators of these cyanobacte
ert inorganic carbon on the most likely predators of these cyanobacteria in situ. |
10330 | 1 | new developments in 2d micron-scale measurements in sediments of trace metals and sul
|
11511 | 1 | new developments in 2d micron-scale measurements in sediments of trace metals and sul
|
6941 | 1 | soil mesofauna family with a worldwide distribution. due to their difficult identification onl
|
15496 | 1 | stage of the volume which includes the development of an identification key for the whole fami
|
10879 | 3 | t from the site prior to its commercial development, and during the initial phase of developmen
opment, and during the initial phase of development. this project is essentially a rescue dig. xcavation prior to the sites commercial development, and grab collecting during the initial exc |
10568 | 1 | the microbial processes controlling the production and consumption of atmospheric trace gases i
|
11325 | 1 | the microbial processes controlling the production and consumption of atmospheric trace gases i
|
11856 | 1 | the microbial processes controlling the production and consumption of atmospheric trace gases i
|
11695 | 32 | the ecosystem services approach emphasises the many ways na
vices approach emphasises the many ways nature sustains and enriches people s lives. valuation d enriches people s lives. valuation of ecosystem services can contribute to ecosystem conserva of ecosystem services can contribute to ecosystem conservation and human wellbeing. for these e ts must tackle the relationship between ecosystem services and wellbeing with reference to envi ith reference to environmental justice. ecosystem services tend to benefit some stakeholders mo rs more than others. decision making in ecosystem management is likely to involve some more tha ecological tradeoffs between competing environmental services, to support ecosystem conservati ting environmental services, to support ecosystem conservation and poverty alleviation recognit offs is a crucial precondition for just ecosystem management, i.e. ecosystem management that di ion for just ecosystem management, i.e. ecosystem management that distributes ecosystem service . ecosystem management that distributes ecosystem services fairly and includes all stakeholders es the overarching goal to promote just ecosystem management as a new and innovative concept. t ent of selected coastal and terrestrial ecosystems in china, india and central africa. the proj cademic fields on the feedbacks between ecosystem services and human wellbeing. the conceptual s into their analyses by looking at the distribution of ecosystem services among stakeholders, lyses by looking at the distribution of ecosystem services among stakeholders, and by attending g stakeholders, and by attending to the participation of different stakeholders in decisions ov ifferent stakeholders in decisions over ecosystems. political economists will benefit from the from the system-based understanding of nature and the attention to ecological tradeoffs. ecolo ts will gain important insights for the development of new valuation methods which respond to u ill make a critical contribution to the development of new interdisciplinary understanding of t derstanding of the relationship between ecosystems and human wellbeing that acknowledges the si ocio-ecological tradeoffs equally. just ecosystem management will directly benefit poor and soc socially excluded people dependent upon ecosystem services living in developing countries. equi ving in developing countries. equitable distribution will strengthen the contributions of ecosy on will strengthen the contributions of ecosystem services to poverty alleviation, with particu services. inclusive decision making in ecosystem management will allow participation by stakeh king in ecosystem management will allow participation by stakeholders typically excluded due to nces in wealth, race, gender, etc. just ecosystem management will facilitate stakeholders to re together. the project will promote just ecosystem management by engaging uk and international p nisations implementing conservation and development projects in the three sites of yunnan, oris |
2173 | 1 | wling, grazing by sea urchins, changing climate interactions and develop predictive models for
|
14907 | 9 | l resource availability for plants, and herbivory at a medium and long term, b to study plant s
c, trying to identify the most relevant functional traits to explain ecosystem functioning, c t t relevant functional traits to explain ecosystem functioning, c to apply an ecological-evoluti n of two main components of the pasture stability: resistance and resilience, e to elaborate an in components of the pasture stability: resistance and resilience, e to elaborate an integrated esilience, e to elaborate an integrated model about the functioning and management of iberian m f these communities and compatible with nature conservation. in order to address these objectiv llow us to analyse the slow response of ecosystem components with a slow turnover rates. long d ales. this is crucial when dealing with ecosystem maintained by exploitation . |
7395 | 2 | of the diversity of genes digestion and energy metabolism in the animal kingdom, this project a
diversity of genes digestion and energy metabolism in the animal kingdom, this project aims to |
11009 | 6 | however, this conventional view of the evolution of ageing is incomplete, because it omits soc
s related group-mates. this affects the evolution of lifespan and ageing through kin selection, mmon. an example is the case, common in nature, of a parent whose death releases a resource, su ill gain greater fitness from offspring production than from keeping the queen alive and rearin e second is that, at or approaching the threshold when the queen is selected to cede control of we will confirm that genes known to be indicators of ageing in other social insects act likewi |
11232 | 6 | however, this conventional view of the evolution of ageing is incomplete, because it omits soc
s related group-mates. this affects the evolution of lifespan and ageing through kin selection, mmon. an example is the case, common in nature, of a parent whose death releases a resource, su ill gain greater fitness from offspring production than from keeping the queen alive and rearin e second is that, at or approaching the threshold when the queen is selected to cede control of we will confirm that genes known to be indicators of ageing in other social insects act likewi |
14666 | 2 | n biogeographical conclusions about the distribution and relationships of the species and other
e benthic communities. in addition, the development of the project will allow the stablishment |
13343 | 4 | knowledge about biodiversity and ecosystem services is well advanced in the european sci
ell advanced in the european scientific community, as demonstrated by many excellent projects a , on the global as well as the european scale, there is a failure to communicate the knowledge clients of the network and the research community. |
12423 | 5 | providing an assessment toolbox for the development and implementation of emerging eu policy, a
rging eu policy, at both a regional sea scale and within member states exclusive economic zones -economic factors involved in wind farm development. the assessment toolbox - developed through roject advisory board - will be used to model the economic and social impacts of changes to eco onomic and social impacts of changes to ecosystem goods and services, and the costs and benefit |
7468 | 6 | e analysis to investigate mismatches of scale. knowledge created through the fp6 european lifes
the fp6 european lifestyles and marine ecosystems project, augmented with necessary new studie augmented with necessary new studies of climate effects, fisheries and maritime industries - in n causes. new research will examine and model economic and social impacts of changes to ecosyst onomic and social impacts of changes to ecosystem goods and services and costs and benefits of nance as well as stakeholder values and perceptions. |
459 | 1 | will be sent to local institutions. the gis set up during this project will be handed over to a
|
10544 | 2 | pharmaceuticals in the environment potentially have wide reaching deleterious
sibly humans, and are at the top of the environment agency s agenda for environmental pollution |
7015 | 33 | the microbial food web plays a central role in most aquatic systems,
tic systems, with on average 40% of the carbon fixed through primary production flowing through 40% of the carbon fixed through primary production flowing through bacteria in the photic zone. arctic, the importance of the microbial food web is greatest during in the fall and winter, whe ng in the fall and winter, when primary production is minimal and the food web is net heterotro n primary production is minimal and the food web is net heterotrophic. the central question of sal is, to what degree is the microbial food web in the antarctic connected to the classic food the antarctic connected to the classic food web, and what is the role of biodiversity in modul connection it is well established that predation can alter the diversity of prey communities, ties, and this can reduce the impact of predators on total prey biomass: less predation-vulnera f predators on total prey biomass: less predation-vulnerable species increase as the competitiv proposed that this interaction between predation and biodiversity of the prey is dependant on versity of the prey is dependant on the productivity of the system. in less productive systems, m. in less productive systems, moderate predation pressure will have less of a positive impact on prey biodiversity, while at very low productivity, the same predation pressure may actually hile at very low productivity, the same predation pressure may actually reduce biodiversity. it tions between the microbial and classic food webs, with changing biomass in upper trophic level lagellates or bacteria of the microbial food web. preliminary work by the applicant showed that ving almost all ciliate biomass through predation by the furcilia larvae of krill had no measur for this is, that there were changes in abundance of individual species, but not in the communi e of individual species, but not in the community as a whole. it is proposed to test these hypo stral summer and early fall, as primary productivity is declining. the applicant will take part ll allow the grazing rates of the added predators on the entire prey community to be measured. the added predators on the entire prey community to be measured. moreover, this will allow pre be measured. moreover, this will allow predator effects on prey diversity to be measured over ty to be measured over a broad range of predation pressures. biodiversity will be measured with mid-february to early april, as primary productivity declines. in this way, the interaction of clines. in this way, the interaction of predation and productivity on biodiversity within the m s way, the interaction of predation and productivity on biodiversity within the microbial food ty on biodiversity within the microbial food web can be examined. the proposed experiments will nsight on how the microbial and classic food webs in the antarctic are connected, on how krill d sources at times of declining primary productivity, and on how changes in biodiversity affect d on how changes in biodiversity affect ecosystem functioning. |
14599 | 3 | present and futures of the lagoon, its modelling, and the following of the measures arisen fro
lowing of the measures arisen from that model. so that the present project aims to estimate the he present project aims to estimate the nutrients dynamic in the lagoon, establishing benthos c |
10033 | 5 | alth of information, both as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for al
oth as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for all 14c dating. the holo so produce quantitatively reconstructed climate changes of the monsoon regions for the last 150 nderstanding past changes in the global carbon cycle. the project will also contribute to hypot testing about the causal mechanisms of climate change, especially concerning the relative timi |
10783 | 5 | alth of information, both as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for al
oth as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for all 14c dating. the holo so produce quantitatively reconstructed climate changes of the monsoon regions for the last 150 nderstanding past changes in the global carbon cycle. the project will also contribute to hypot testing about the causal mechanisms of climate change, especially concerning the relative timi |
11559 | 5 | alth of information, both as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for al
oth as records of carbon cycling in the environment and as a basis for all 14c dating. the holo so produce quantitatively reconstructed climate changes of the monsoon regions for the last 150 nderstanding past changes in the global carbon cycle. the project will also contribute to hypot testing about the causal mechanisms of climate change, especially concerning the relative timi |
10751 | 7 | ase family as a marker for defining the distribution and diversity of mobile genetic elements,
te on lytic phages and their effects on population dynamics. however, temperate phages, where l equivalent, if not greater role in the evolution and adaptation of bacterial populations: this plasticity, allowing rapid responses to environmental change, notably where they promote genome as markers for monitoring transfer and evolution of mobile genetic elements. we will ask the f nt and role of temperate phages in this environment; what is the relationship between such phag site, since it is a relatively enclosed environment and we already have extensive data, stored |
11475 | 7 | ase family as a marker for defining the distribution and diversity of mobile genetic elements,
te on lytic phages and their effects on population dynamics. however, temperate phages, where l equivalent, if not greater role in the evolution and adaptation of bacterial populations: this plasticity, allowing rapid responses to environmental change, notably where they promote genome as markers for monitoring transfer and evolution of mobile genetic elements. we will ask the f nt and role of temperate phages in this environment; what is the relationship between such phag site, since it is a relatively enclosed environment and we already have extensive data, stored |
2171 | 9 | we will use the framework of current food web theory for elucidating two likely cascading ec
ry for elucidating two likely cascading ecosystem impacts of reindeer overabundance in finnmark n turn lead to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. the other cascade we predict to be bsidy of reindeer carrion to generalist predators in winter. this predator subsidy effects, lik to generalist predators in winter. this predator subsidy effects, likely to result from reindee de, working though increased generalist predation on vulnerable wildlife as well as a negative well as a negative feedback on reindeer productivity though calf predation. the two cascades ar ck on reindeer productivity though calf predation. the two cascades are likely to be coupled an ical project design consisting of large-scale hypothesis-targeted surveys, combined with in dep |
7259 | 4 | the first results obtained on aquatic food web freshwater antilles to show that it is based a
to sales, in a rich and diverse aquatic environment, the role played by carbon from terrestrial aquatic environment, the role played by carbon from terrestrial sources in the diet of species tions and the first results obtained on carbon sources used by the species in the course of a w |
13984 | 7 | ecosystems are intimately linked with other ecosystems
ystems are intimately linked with other ecosystems through exchanges of nutrients and organisms h other ecosystems through exchanges of nutrients and organisms. seas impact land systems and f this project blackflies will be used as model organisms. they develop in running waters and adu ovides a unique opportunity, as a large-scale experiment, to asses the importance of mass-occur ed including direct effects as food for predators and indirect effects on terrestrial herbivore irect effects as food for predators and indirect effects on terrestrial herbivores and their ho |
2471 | 7 | this project is to produce knowledge on perceptions and attitudes related to the commercializat
in a broader trend toward expansion of nature-based tourism, and to describe and analyse manif striction of access will threaten local participation and control over nature resources and the en local participation and control over nature resources and the landscape one identifies with. oblems may exist mostly at the level of perceptions that is not shared by everyone within a com that is not shared by everyone within a community. axes of controversy are probably several, li ject relates to questions of changes in participation in outdoor recreation. the question of ho |
2525 | 7 | s threatening the tree on a continental scale. norway represents the currently expanding fronti
ve agent, genetic structure and disease resistance of norwegian ash populations. no prior infor forts. by sampling primarily within the nature reserves present in norway, the survey will yiel the survey will yield valuable data for evaluation of migration and gene flow among these popul l yield valuable data for evaluation of migration and gene flow among these populations, as wel implicated a genetic component in host resistance towards ash dieback. as there is clustering sustainable management plans for ash in nature reserves in norway. in conclusion, the project w |
2543 | 8 | ortant the grazing factor it is for the development of patterns and processes in norwegian land
and processes in norwegian landscapes. nature conservationists have raised concerns that the g to connect grazing effects to indirect density measures of deer that cannot be attained by exp mental data alone. detailed sampling of vegetation has been performed in permanent plots since will broaden the generated knowledge to indirect effects of deer grazing. this will include ana grazing. this will include analysis of population dynamics of a dominant and ecological import n relation to grazing and resources and indirect effects on the invertebrate community by a net nd indirect effects on the invertebrate community by a network approach and by testing edibilit |
2519 | 8 | nature resource management is often characterised with
iciaption means. however, neither local participation nor sustainable development are clearly a her local participation nor sustainable development are clearly and well defined terms. this pr tainable balance between protection and development how can new and dynamic models based on ada t improve local management, sustainable development and participation the research is interdisi management, sustainable development and participation the research is interdisiplinary and incl anagement models as in alaksa and local participation in state management as in sweden and regi rn from adaptive models in switzerland; development of adaptive management models. the project |
2155 | 1 | erimental studies in contrasting alpine ecosystems grazing management.
|
2544 | 1 | s address the current status and future development of norwegian management regimes for protect
|
2520 | 15 | the functional significance of red deer migration for an invasive species, the tick, and vice v
tick, and vice versa at the altitudinal colonization border. the red deer are currently regarde norway. alongside this increase in deer density, it is a common perception that the ticks incre n perception that the ticks increase in abundance and distribution. the role of animal space us hat the ticks increase in abundance and distribution. the role of animal space use for tick dis . the role of animal space use for tick distribution are less well understood. seasonal migrati tion are less well understood. seasonal migration by red deer may potentially play a key role f ay potentially play a key role for tick distribution. equally true, the role of parasites for p true, the role of parasites for partial migration pattern in large herbivores have been largely can carry and transmit agents of human colonization of higher altitude areas, for which ticks m ears of gps-marked animals with known migration tactics and body mass, enabling a study of th ionship between tick load and migratory behavior and performance. in wp3, we link disease in ti , we link disease in ticks to migratory behavior and performance of red deer. this will give im . this will give important insight into distribution of ticks and a potential role of red deer of ticks and their diseases by seasonal migration. |
2521 | 6 | tect wild reindeer lands against future habitat loss to piecemeal development. reindeer is a vu
gainst future habitat loss to piecemeal development. reindeer is a vulnerable high value resour ue resources increasingly threatened by development. the current species management is no longe face challenges related to land use and development. the project focuses on and regional land p legally binding regional plans for land development. this is a large scale experiment where we s for land development. this is a large scale experiment where we can examine how such national |
2545 | 3 | ical rainforest plays a key role in our climate and needs to be protected. norway contributes f
to develop new detection methods using change detection, feature detection and classification change detection, feature detection and classification techniques that will be included in noru |
2540 | 4 | various management tools and economic incentives have been used to reduce the increa
furthermore, there has been no overall evaluation of the effectiveness of management and lesso countable and rigorous experimental and modelling tools, including species distribution, and re and modelling tools, including species distribution, and resource depletion models as well as |
2524 | 7 | erstood. forests are the most important habitat for red-listed species, and the effects of fore
ment and fragmentation. the ecology and distribution of many dead-wood dependent fungal species ular focus on how species' life-history traits are linked with their vulnerability to the effec ormation is critical for the design and development of scientifically informed and cost-effecti tematic and unbiased information on the distribution and abundance of the entire fungal communi sed information on the distribution and abundance of the entire fungal community, including a l tion and abundance of the entire fungal community, including a large number of threatened and d |
2523 | 9 | ure biodiversity changes in response to global change. long-term ecological data such as pollen
ve estimates for the last 8000 years of richness, evenness, composition, and turnover, the majo es for the last 8000 years of richness, evenness, composition, and turnover, the major componen ents of biodiversity that determine the functional traits of ecosystems. such estimates are bia that determine the functional traits of ecosystems. such estimates are biased, and this project iversity at sites situated in the major vegetation zones in fennoscandia. it also attempts to c a. it also attempts to calibrate pollen richness and plant-species richness and to synthesise, brate pollen richness and plant-species richness and to synthesise, interpret, and model the bi hness and to synthesise, interpret, and model the biodiversity patterns in space and time. |
13571 | 4 | ing genetic variation in morphology and life history, and how genetic composition influences th
ts the risk of grazing damage, but also seed predation and pollination intensity. we will condu dies to explore the effects of physical environment and land use on intensity of biotic interac differentiation in plant morphology and life history. the effects of genetic composition and bi |
2074 | 11 | ps between human use of forest, natural ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem function, a
tural ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem function, and long-term change of forest ecos unction, and long-term change of forest ecosystems are complex and occur at different spatial- the approach entails multi-disciplinary modeling involving forest ecology, forest history, arch and experimentally assessed measures of habitat qualities, biodiversity, and ecosystem processe of habitat qualities, biodiversity, and ecosystem processes will provide information on present will provide information on present-day ecosystem and landscape properties. combinations of sev . combinations of several retrospective vegetation history and archaeological methods will prov gging, grazing pressure, economics, and human well-being. the project will thereby be able to a to analyze patterns in biodiversity and ecosystem processes in relation to human land-use and l management, and use of the forests. the modeling approach enables us to produce decision releva |
2087 | 11 | ps between human use of forest, natural ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem function, a
tural ecosystem dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem function, and long-term change of forest ecos unction, and long-term change of forest ecosystems are complex and occur at different spatial- the approach entails multi-disciplinary modeling involving forest ecology, forest history, arch and experimentally assessed measures of habitat qualities, biodiversity, and ecosystem processe of habitat qualities, biodiversity, and ecosystem processes will provide information on present will provide information on present-day ecosystem and landscape properties. combinations of sev . combinations of several retrospective vegetation history and archaeological methods will prov gging, grazing pressure, economics, and human well-being. the project will thereby be able to a to analyze patterns in biodiversity and ecosystem processes in relation to human land-use and l management, and use of the forests. the modeling approach enables us to produce decision releva |
13986 | 4 | past land use and spatial pattern affect present plant biodiversity patte
scapes with a high human impact, and to model effects of functional and spatial connectivity at model effects of functional and spatial connectivity at local . the results will provide a deep nd livestock have, and are, influencing vegetation patterns and dynamics in order to understand |
15458 | 3 | he maintenance of appropriate levels of herbivory to ensure highly diverse systems that can res
lting in communities with low levels of herbivory. this worldwide process is particularly appli ty and the functioning of mediterranean ecosystems. to this end, we propose a multiscale approa |
12610 | 4 | tion will enable the identification and evaluation of the drivers for technology selection and
reas for potential further research and development, which may also attract investment, both of aminated land contractor and consultant community through the planned questionnaires, it will b the whole contaminated land stakeholder community. |
12638 | 2 | rategic issues relating to soil and the environment. this includes information concerning the d
his includes information concerning the distribution, properties, quality and potential use of |
13723 | 3 | trol biodiversity. theory predicts that habitat fragmentation will be followed by loss of speci
imate levels of plant species diversity/richness and gene diversity/allelic richness; investiga ity/richness and gene diversity/allelic richness; investigate relationships between levels of g |
15032 | 13 | ause of biodiversity losses at a global scale. however, fragmentation science is still ambiguou
to provide general rules explaining how ecosystems response to landscape degradation. despite t n of many ecological processes, such as plant-animal interactions, the mechanistic links betwee chanistic links between the patterns of habitat structural modification and the demographic res graphic responses of plants mediated by plant-animal interactions. our study system will involv n range. by studying seed dispersal and recruitment of bird-dispersed trees at a fine scale, we tment of bird-dispersed trees at a fine scale, we seek to demonstrate that the spatial position mography of a perennial herb at a wider scale, we predict that the landscape configurations tha ld affect negatively the functioning of plant-animal interactions and generate negative trends actions and generate negative trends in population dynamics. the projected research involves tw fragmented landscape under a continuum model that represents the continuous gradients of habit represents the continuous gradients of habitat quantity and spatial configuration; and 2 it pr e use of mechanistic approaches to link habitat spatial configuration to plant demographic resp |
439 | 12 | ing awareness of the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation on natural systems has resulted i
uate the effect of changes on landscape connectivity in natural ecosystems. recent studies used es on landscape connectivity in natural ecosystems. recent studies used cost distance modelling tems. recent studies used cost distance modelling value for each land use type, we calibrated t r each land use type, we calibrated the model by confronting migration areas calculated with di we calibrated the model by confronting migration areas calculated with different sets of resis areas calculated with different sets of resistance values and occurrence data on a first data s , we tested the predictive power of the migration area on the occurrence data of a second data et. our results allow us to select high resistance values for crops and a low resistance value h resistance values for crops and a low resistance value for meadows but no value was selected ea. the validation stage shows that the migration area has a good predictive power on occurrenc ccurrence data : it explains 20% of the model’s deviance. moreover, our integrative variable ha |
10411 | 21 | agriculture refers to a category of ecosystems that humans purposefully manage to obtain pr
posefully manage to obtain provisioning ecosystem services , such as food, fiber, and biofuel. ng biophysical capacity of agricultural ecosystems. this research focuses on a critical set of that are important for maintaining the productivity and sustainability of agricultural ecosyst vity and sustainability of agricultural ecosystems. these es are often provided by insects that ws of these es rely on how agricultural ecosystems are managed at the site scale and on the str ural ecosystems are managed at the site scale and on the structure, composition, and functionin al approach to sustainable agricultural growth and has the potential to point to new pathways o studies highlight the need to shift the scale of es investigations and management strategies fr needs to be put into socio-economic and development perspectives in terms of links of es to the gies. evidence shows that environmental stress and ecosystem degradation is among the main driv nce shows that environmental stress and ecosystem degradation is among the main drivers of the e main drivers of the slowdown in yield growth in china. with rising population and income, agr ing population and income, agricultural productivity will have to continue growing. but continu have to continue growing. but continued growth based on intensification and unsustainable land growing. but continued growth based on intensification and unsustainable land use practices wo the resource base, such as the natural ecosystems that provide vital habitats and alternative ion on poverty reduction. the landscape-scale land use perspective to es management is of parti s rural population and the agricultural ecosystems face the challenge of improving productivity systems face the challenge of improving productivity and sustainability while decreasing their creasing their environmental impact and ecosystem degradation. |
10123 | 15 | e relationship between humans and their environment is now recognised as crucial to understandi
rly to predict the interactions between environmental change and human well-being in a highly d ctions between environmental change and human well-being in a highly dynamic system, and manage h is an understanding of the effects of climate change on landscape dynamics and the population te change on landscape dynamics and the population dynamics and movement of the flagship specie patterns to examine mechanisms by which climate warming and landscape change could influence sa to examine mechanisms by which climate warming and landscape change could influence saiga move mechanisms by which climate warming and landscape change could influence saiga movement pattern these models to predict the effects of climate change and gas exploration on rangeland conditi ration on rangeland condition and saiga distribution and to explore the impacts of potential bi en humans, animal populations and their environment at a time of environmental change; and is r ions and their environment at a time of environmental change; and is relevant both to the clima tal change; and is relevant both to the climate systems and biodiversity themes of nerc, as wel c programme. it examines the effects of climate change and human activities on a migratory spec ample of the interrelationships between environmental change, species conservation and landscap |
11390 | 2 | drial dna for georeferenced samples and gis to carry out the first major landscape genetics ana
out the species range in the drc. large-scale population structure and past demographic process |
10314 | 14 | are accelerating the rate at which our environment is changing. in particular, temperature and
environment is changing. in particular, temperature and rainfall patterns are being altered at ul environments, for example, increased temperature. there are limited options for how an organ w an organism can respond to a changing environment, but of particular importance will be evolu ions occur at the genetic level but the nature of the genetic alterations in response to climat the genetic alterations in response to climate change is unclear. moreover, much understanding y adaptive genetic responses to natural temperature changes in wild populations of the fruit fl ish outdoor enclosures of flies along a temperature gradient at six sites from valencia, spain are changed in response to hot and cold stress will be different. because we will measure these netic changes that occur in response to temperature in natural populations. since the work asks that have particular interests in land development and species management strategies. moreover nk between two divisive public issues - climate change and evolution - that can be used to addr sive public issues - climate change and evolution - that can be used to address the nature of s ution - that can be used to address the nature of science and scientific evidence. |
14121 | 5 | has been viewed on the level of species richness. however, with the measures of species richnes
. however, with the measures of species richness we fail to assess true biodiversity on the lev logenetic relations of the species in a community gives us this information. species richness r nity gives us this information. species richness remaining the same, a community can be phyloge species richness remaining the same, a community can be phylogenetically rich or over-disperse |
7530 | 1 | ctions can contribute to validate their function and lead to the identification of alleles of i
|
10468 | 5 | lecular markers, and role in phenotypic evolution, microsatellites remain a largely unexplored
identifying factors that control repeat evolution. we will also collect population-level data o known to mediate interactions with the environment. our work should provide new perspectives o es on comparative genomic architecture, stability, and the molecular mechanisms underlying phen ecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic evolution. |
2036 | 7 | developing and maintaining a fisheries/nature protection management strategy in the wadden sea
orly known. from the differences in the life history of the shellfish eating birds and their sh ge experiments, field studies and large-scale surveys to further develop and calibrate two coup coupled models for the eider. the first model, to which we will refer as deplete, describes for ete, describes for a given initial prey distribution and eider population how these prey will b ate of the birds is input to the second model, to which we will refer as largepop, which yields elds the long-term changes in the large-scale population of the birds from the assembled demogr |
10725 | 10 | en estuaries and the ocean across which carbon, nutrients, sediments and contaminants are excha
ries and the ocean across which carbon, nutrients, sediments and contaminants are exchanged. wh ignificant levels of biological primary production occurs in regions that stratify during the s ring the summer months. the exchange of nutrients and carbon across these critical interfaces o r months. the exchange of nutrients and carbon across these critical interfaces of stratified f ms to exploit state-of-the-art computer modelling and analysis tools in the investigation and q lations in the tidally-strong shelf sea environment. the hypothesis is that these interactions hermocline will exceed a critical shear threshold leading to catastrophic loss of stability and reshold leading to catastrophic loss of stability and episodic mixing. parameterisations for th . the potential impact on the shelf sea ecosystem will then be investigated by looking at the n |
12743 | 10 | d financial benefits of trees and other green infrastructure in the built environment. it will
other green infrastructure in the built environment. it will also provide practical guidance fo the planning, planting and maintaining green infrastructure, particularly large landscape tree of the impact of roots on foundations •review and demonstrate the benefits trees in the built nstrate the benefits trees in the built environment can have in adapting to climate change. •si ilt environment can have in adapting to climate change. •sign post all relevant guidance on the he funding sector about the benefits of green infrastructure, particularly large landscape tree rly large landscape trees for the built environment; encourage the inclusion of large trees in e inclusion of large trees in the built environment; help the technical sector understand the d sionals dealing with trees in the built environment. |
13935 | 4 | hypotheses of this study is that larval behavior plays a critical role for the dispersal and re
s a critical role for the dispersal and recruitment success in marine animals, and that differe of the project is ontogenetic vertical migration in estuarine circulation. these hypotheses wi lyses, field surveys, and oceanographic modeling studies. |
10326 | 2 | ent processes driving marine intertidal community structure have been hindered by the lack of a
alanoides and balanus crenatus to small-scale variations in hydrodynamic regime will be underta |
11084 | 1 | restoration in relation to land use and climate change. the project develops a pilot study has
|
6865 | 13 | gical research is the floral and faunal development of the late miocene as well as the indicate
well as the indicated environmental and climate pattern. this is nicely represented by two euro two european projects, i.e. eeden , for climate and vegetation reconstructions the coexistence projects, i.e. eeden , for climate and vegetation reconstructions the coexistence approach and nonian basin, in order to have a proper evaluation of vegetation dynamics. both temporal and sp in order to have a proper evaluation of vegetation dynamics. both temporal and spatial aspects poral and spatial aspects of changes in vegetation, climate and environment are going to be fol atial aspects of changes in vegetation, climate and environment are going to be followed. the r s of changes in vegetation, climate and environment are going to be followed. the results of th se the taxonomical data and the complex evaluation of vegetation, environment and climate. ical data and the complex evaluation of vegetation, environment and climate. d the complex evaluation of vegetation, environment and climate. aluation of vegetation, environment and climate. |
11489 | 14 | aused by disruption of africa s monsoon climate when iceberg-laden meltwater from north america
to test these hypotheses by drilling a sediment core, up to 100m in length, from the northern will allow inferences about the global- scale mechanisms of abrupt climate change. the data can the global- scale mechanisms of abrupt climate change. the data can also be used to test clima ange. the data can also be used to test climate models, and thus to help judge the accuracy of and thus to help judge the accuracy of model-predicted abrupt climate change in the future. a the accuracy of model-predicted abrupt climate change in the future. a long core record of pas the future. a long core record of past climate and environment from this part of africa would a long core record of past climate and environment from this part of africa would have major s ficance for understanding both regional environmental change, because of the influence of the n d the eastern mediterranean, and global climate. it will contribute to understanding how future derstanding how future changes in ocean temperature and circulation will affect global climate, ture and circulation will affect global climate, especially in the heavily populated monsoon re understanding the later stages of human evolution in and dispersal out of africa, by providing |
11518 | 14 | aused by disruption of africa s monsoon climate when iceberg-laden meltwater from north america
to test these hypotheses by drilling a sediment core, up to 100m in length, from the northern will allow inferences about the global- scale mechanisms of abrupt climate change. the data can the global- scale mechanisms of abrupt climate change. the data can also be used to test clima ange. the data can also be used to test climate models, and thus to help judge the accuracy of and thus to help judge the accuracy of model-predicted abrupt climate change in the future. a the accuracy of model-predicted abrupt climate change in the future. a long core record of pas the future. a long core record of past climate and environment from this part of africa would a long core record of past climate and environment from this part of africa would have major s ficance for understanding both regional environmental change, because of the influence of the n d the eastern mediterranean, and global climate. it will contribute to understanding how future derstanding how future changes in ocean temperature and circulation will affect global climate, ture and circulation will affect global climate, especially in the heavily populated monsoon re understanding the later stages of human evolution in and dispersal out of africa, by providing |
15481 | 2 | ntribution to the knowledge of the past evolution of climate in north-central iberia.
the knowledge of the past evolution of climate in north-central iberia. |
7225 | 3 | torical mechanisms responsible for this richness by focusing on a little studied group: bryophy
. ecological study of the diversity and distribution of this group in the three islands, along ogical factors underlying diversity and community structure, and operate at local and regional |
466 | 1 | mechanisms responsible for the specific richness, by focusing on a group that has not been the
|
15361 | 4 | food webs are representations of who eats whom in natur
esentations of who eats whom in natural ecosystems. unlike aquatic food webs, we currently lack m in natural ecosystems. unlike aquatic food webs, we currently lack accurate quantitative data ive data describing complex terrestrial food webs or low |
15092 | 3 | ly focused on objective 2 synthesis and development of predictive models on ecosystem functioni
and development of predictive models on ecosystem functioning and on global change effects. models on ecosystem functioning and on global change effects. |
7654 | 4 | nnovative and emblematic of sustainable development approach. this approach to learning process
d make it possible to classify consumer behavior and help businesses define the best technologi tions in waste management options. such mapping consumer behavior with an anticipatory approach nagement options. such mapping consumer behavior with an anticipatory approach allows to define |
2474 | 3 | maintenance of biodiversity and other ecosystems services essential for human well-being requ
other ecosystems services essential for human well-being requires an effective legal framework and property structure are influencing ecosystem services, including biodiversity, and that di |
14797 | 5 | r these compounds are involved in plant growth promotion or as biocontrol agents still remains
ins isolated from lupinus anugstifolius nitrogen fixing nodules, in our laboratory, indicates t the life of l. angustifolius by fixing nitrogen, by producing compounds that facilitate plant oducing compounds that facilitate plant growth or by competing with pathogenic bacteria or fung e phylum actinobacteria is known to fix nitrogen, it may be that a select group of actinobacter |
14809 | 10 | earth climate is changing at a global scale as a result of hu
earth climate is changing at a global scale as a result of human activity. such changes have nd by causing profound modifications on ecosystems that are essential for human survival. from logical conservation standpoint, global climate change has come to accelerate the rate of destr solar system have shaped mediterranean ecosystems and have converted this region in one of the de light on the future impact of global warming on current ecosystems and can help to predict t ure impact of global warming on current ecosystems and can help to predict the sensitivity of p ates and parachtes provide an excellent model for the study of the effect of past climatic chan gion. we suggest that the diversity and distribution ranges of these genera are mostly the resu oreover, we will provide the scientific community with information to calibrate molecular clock |
7040 | 2 | in an area, the number of species in a habitat, or the genotypic variation of a species. in ad
europe, with varied topography and high density of varying habitats. our preliminary data sugge |
14857 | 9 | g the lichen photobionts response under stress conditions, including their dehydration toleranc
e study in both organisms. in addition, stress conditions increase active oxygen levels which p tion, stress conditions increase active oxygen levels which provoke cellular damage, especially addition, we will study the effects of stress conditions on the photosynthetic metabolism by a stress conditions on the photosynthetic metabolism by analysing the amount and activity of the ces indicate clear differences in their stress responses with respect to those of mesophyll c4 ally, to identify the highest amount of stress-related proteins , we will compare the isolated jected to dehydration and other abiotic stress. these results will allow us to infer possibly n metabolic changes occurring during the stress response, including those specifics of the symbi |
14856 | 5 | ledge on the morphological, genetic and functional diversity of lichen photobionts, either isol
chen photobionts, either isolated or in symbiosis. there are few studies dealing with the diver ll determine: 1. changes in the amount, nature or distribution of photobionts within the lichen ne: 1. changes in the amount, nature or distribution of photobionts within the lichen thalli; 2 lso will afford us to make a predictive evaluation on the impact of anthropogenic environmental |
15040 | 3 | nt and not easy to place in the overall classification of fungi. investigations into the biolog
eveloping methods for the isolation and growth of these fungi in pure culture, using freshly co parallel, the project will focus on the development and adaptation of molecular methods for dir |
14155 | 12 | on, but only few in natural conditions. heterogeneity is recognized as a fundamental aspect of
s recognized as a fundamental aspect of ecosystems and plays a central role in shaping communit ems and plays a central role in shaping community structure and species coexistence. however, t ies coexistence. however, the effect of heterogeneity on plant growth has also been rarely addr r, the effect of heterogeneity on plant growth has also been rarely addressed in natural condit is a remarkable example of heterogenous ecosystem with extremely high species richness. wide-sp s ecosystem with extremely high species richness. wide-spread abandonment of these habitats has habitats has caused serious concerns in nature conservation as it is associated with species lo reproductive behaviour and life-history traits of clonal plants depend on environmental conditi between sexual reproduction and clonal growth in natural heterogenous habitats and evaluate th advantage of plasticity. the effects of habitat heterogeneity, habitat management , and nutrien . the effects of habitat heterogeneity, habitat management , and nutrient availability on trade |
14159 | 10 | by environmental conditions and clonal growth form of a plant, although the effect of the latt
lored yet. one could expect that larger nutrient limitation inhibits growth responses of plants hat larger nutrient limitation inhibits growth responses of plants to environmental change; tha inhibits growth responses of plants to environmental change; that in disturbed conditions numb reproduction would be favored; that in competition larger offspring would be favored; and that conditions species with plastic clonal growth would be favored. however, all these relationshi lationships could be modified by clonal growth form of species and its plasticity. regulation o nd its plasticity. regulation of clonal growth in plants must affect the fate of a populations provide new insights into regulation of population dynamics of clonal plants, as well as applic onal plants, as well as applications in nature conservation in management of diversity in grass |
10442 | 5 | dy will investigate how demographic and life history traits influence the kin structure of popu
tigate how demographic and life history traits influence the kin structure of populations and w ulation kin structure; 4. determine how life history and demographic traits influence kin struc ermine how life history and demographic traits influence kin structure in avian populations. th profiles and field and lab studies of a model system, the long-tailed tit aegithalos caudatus. |
11722 | 9 | uality or quantity experienced in early development, adverse effects may occur later in adult l
ls, and have important consequences for population dynamics. the reasons why such delayed effec associated with subsequent accelerated growth, could potentially be responsible. these have no that we understand whether compensatory growth does carry long-term costs, since this has wides ifications for our understanding of the evolution of growth rate and life history strategies. w r our understanding of the evolution of growth rate and life history strategies. we will study ing of the evolution of growth rate and life history strategies. we will study the long-term co term consequences of variation in early growth trajectories, using the zebra finch as a study s ts at the levels of dna, cells, overall metabolism and senescence of the whole organism. |
150 | 10 | theory of life-history evolution aims at explaining and predicting values of l
g and predicting values of life-history traits. the cornerstone of the theory - optimality mode cient to explain the observed values of body size in insects; i.e. it does not facilitate optim optimality approach suitable for insect growth schedules, we need to pay more attention to phys physiology-based constraints on larval growth curves, as well as we need better knowledge abou d better knowledge about size-dependent mortality patterns. following the approach outlined abo h outlined above, we ask what do larval growth curves of ecologically and phylogenetically diff resent the likely constraints on insect growth curves. these principles should then be incorpor tain experimental data on size-specific mortality rates. birds and pathogens will be evaluated . in addition to the analysis of larval growth schedules, an analogous invariant approach will |
2010 | 14 | ations: population feedback on realized life history. in particular, the simultaneous action of
ommunities. this means that a theory of life history evolution in an ecological setting with po his means that a theory of life history evolution in an ecological setting with population feed urrently lacking, as existing theory of life history evolution, and of the effect of harvesting ing, as existing theory of life history evolution, and of the effect of harvesting in particula t for the ecological role of individual life history. the proposed research aims at filling thi ntly developed ecological theory on the community consequences of size-dependent life histories stories and extending it to account for evolution. i will develop models of a tri-trophic food that explicitly account for individual life history and its influence on the ecology of indivi the implications of harvesting-induced life history evolution for sustainable exploitation of ions of harvesting-induced life history evolution for sustainable exploitation of fish populati g questions: 1. does harvesting-induced evolution of exploited fish stocks increase or decrease lating directional selection, to induce evolution towards ‘catastrophic recovery induce evolution towards ‘catastrophic recovery |
11095 | 4 | rstand why there are differences in the life history patterns of seals using models of annual r
because they have relatively consistent life history patterns which differ in very specific way supply of different species may vary in seasonality and predictability. we wish to understand h rivers of seal life histories including predation on the one hand and access to resources on th |
2457 | 5 | life-history is an organisms pattern of growth, reproduction and mortality, formed by long-term
sms pattern of growth, reproduction and mortality, formed by long-term evolutionary processes a esses and by immediate responses to the environment. this project has 3 main objectives: 1 eval cology, which may be reflected in their life history patterns. comparing life-history patterns om, but select for certain life-history traits, which again may influence populations. understa |
13926 | 13 | life history theory is a fundamental tool for the analy
tions, generalizations and predictions. body size is a central life history trait that connects and predictions. body size is a central life history trait that connects developmental rates an pmental rates and reproductive success. life history models typically assume that reproductive hat this fitness benefit is balanced by mortality costs during juvenile development. however, g nced by mortality costs during juvenile development. however, growth in holometabolous insects s during juvenile development. however, growth in holometabolous insects is often exponential w cy has been largely neglected in insect life history theory. i aim to address this inconsistenc using on the potential costs of a large body size in a group of butterflies , that contain one e possible importance of size-dependent predation risk during the larval stage. with a combinat rovide a well worked out case study for body size evolution in insects that would improve the p ell worked out case study for body size evolution in insects that would improve the predictive t would improve the predictive power of life history theory. |
10866 | 10 | correlations between body size and fitness have led to a pervasive bigger is
nflicting negative relationship between growth rate and fitness. it is known that the evolution rate and fitness. it is known that the evolution of life history traits necessitates trade-off ness. it is known that the evolution of life history traits necessitates trade-offs due to reso nown that the evolution of life history traits necessitates trade-offs due to resource limitati whether a key trade-off occurs between growth and immunocompetence. in poikilotherms, this is living in colder habitats with a short growth season require fast growth, since positive assoc with a short growth season require fast growth, since positive associations have been shown bet genotypes that are adapted to localised habitat temperature. s that are adapted to localised habitat temperature. |
15396 | 32 | actually, climate change and habitat fragmentation are considered
actually, climate change and habitat fragmentation are considered the most important sity. under different scenarios, global temperature is predicted to increase between 1.8 and 4 in temperatures is promoting changes in species traits, as density and distribution ranges, phe promoting changes in species traits, as density and distribution ranges, phenology, behaviour a anges in species traits, as density and distribution ranges, phenology, behaviour and genetic f ts, as density and distribution ranges, phenology, behaviour and genetic frequencies. moreover, he potential synergetic effects between climate change and habitat fragmentation. at the southe etic effects between climate change and habitat fragmentation. at the southern edge of the spec at the southern edge of the species the habitat quality is dropping below the lower limit, and shift that is necessary to follow their habitat. if the movement of this species poleward or up poleward or up hill is also limited by habitat fragmentation, extinction rates will increase. es will increase. do species respond to climate change by genetic or physiological adaptations, ter place an overall contraction of the distribution range is expected particularly in areas wi in areas with relatively high levels of habitat fragmentation and low levels of spatial cohesio spatial cohesion. species responses to climate change will be influenced by the spatial config luenced by the spatial configuration of habitat in the landscape. the degree of structuring, th warm range limit, and colonisation and growth of metapopulations within the cold range limit. e, to understand the potential risks of climate change to a species, we must consider the dynam the spatial features of the landscapes. habitat fragmentation have negative effects on populati een loss of genetic variability, due to habitat fragmentation, and reduced mean fitness is stil t patches in the southern part of their distribution is there a genetic differentiation o struc pulations is the food chain affected by climate change in synergy with the fragmentation procce document temporal changes in fecundity, recruitment and survival of insectivorous birds which m ivorous birds which might be related to climate warming. 2. to determine the effect of habitat birds which might be related to climate warming. 2. to determine the effect of habitat fragment warming. 2. to determine the effect of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity of insectivo c diversity of insectivorous birds in a climate change scenario. 3. to determine the effect of scenario. 3. to determine the effect of habitat fragmentation on population genetic differentia erentiation of insectivorous birds in a climate change scenario. to explore the potential syner he potential synergetic effects between climate change and habitat fragmentation. etic effects between climate change and habitat fragmentation. |
12228 | 8 | y, often with a significant cost to the environment. in the last 30-40 years, agricultural weed
, regulatory pressures and evolved weed resistance are limiting herbicide options for weed cont es resulting in negative environmental, ecosystem and human health impacts. cultural weed manag establishment in crops, maximising crop competition and reducing weed fecundity by, for example redict and manipulate the timing of key life history events. weed evolution over the course of timing of key life history events. weed evolution over the course of hundreds of years of crop sured that the timing of these key weed life history stages and transitions coincides with or a eed management practices and a changing climate. |
14500 | 2 | project is to compare the life-history traits , to measure the effects of such variation on th
s of such variation on the survival and growth rates of hatchlings and juveniles released into |
10676 | 3 | the evolution of cellular life on earth must have been prec
oms and a search for the compounds in a sediment core in which the related alkenes are abundant rtant contribution to the debate on the development of cellular life on earth. |
9864 | 1 | biota and how much did it influence the environment through early terrestrial-based biogeochemi
|
11724 | 2 | the adirondacks where we work. intense density-dependent mortality provides scope for selectio
here we work. intense density-dependent mortality provides scope for selection on viability. if |
13344 | 3 | data and observatories will be a large-scale european research infrastructure bringing togethe
irtual laboratories with analytical and modelling tools; -targeted user and training support an d sustainable management of our natural environment. this preparatory project brings together t |
14687 | 6 | f movements of robinia pseudoacacia and nitrate reductase photocontrol of de-etiolated c.sativu
on will be analysed in relation to leaf development and leaflets movements of robinia pseudoaca light treatments will be evaluated. the production of nitric oxide via nitrate reductase and ni ted. the production of nitric oxide via nitrate reductase and nitric oxide syntase will be stud f an external supply of nitric oxide on nitrate reductase activity of etiolated c.sativus cotyl search on their possible implication on nitrate reductase circadian rhythm of c.sativus and lea |
7618 | 1 | native ants and other insects, affects ecosystem services and associated causes them damage an
|
14720 | 5 | the factors involved, and the long-term evaluation. the general goals of this project are to ev
introduced species response. from that evaluation, simple environmental indicators will be sel m that evaluation, simple environmental indicators will be selected -which may be used for pred ical approach lies on the comprehensive evaluation of 66 experimental plots, already establishe of previous research projects, and the evaluation of a number of restoration actions developed |
15586 | 1 | has affected species in all biomes and ecosystem types. however, recent reports suggest that f
|
2485 | 4 | ntaminated drinking water, and mosquito production in household water containers. the project w
ontamination and its effect on mosquito production. results will assist in development of integ uito production. results will assist in development of integrated disease control strategies ap mination of drinking water and mosquito production in household storage containers identified a |
7194 | 7 | in agro- ecosystems, functioning of biogeochemical cycles. howev
however, despite its major role in the evolution process of mos, microbial component of soil n lt to transpose to a wide range of agro-ecosystems. in this context, this project is part of a nage the biogeochemical cycle c in agro-ecosystems. this project should also enable the develop ms. this project should also enable the development of decision support tools to identify agric gricultural practices that maintain the productivity of our agriculture while respecting the qu ure while respecting the quality of our environment; in other words, produce more and pollute l |
10118 | 5 | are of almost equal volume on a global scale. climatic effects on saline lakes are disproporti
rid and thus depauperate in terrestrial production but may rely heavily on aquatic subsidies e. subsidies e.g. emergent insects. thus, climate change impacts on saline lakes via fluctuating saline lakes via fluctuating volume and salinity may have subsequent, strong effects on the wid kenyan soda lake with a simple aquatic community dominated by one alga arthrospira and one chi |
14692 | 12 | ating detritus based and producer-based food web dynamics. the current knowledge of food web dy
web dynamics. the current knowledge of food web dynamics in terrestrial systems is limited by omprehensive studies that integrate the herbivory and the detritivory chains. besides the fact being a central question to understand food web dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems, there are rstand food web dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems, there are currently no field studies that h sure above- and belowground net primary productivity in an arid ecosystem, estimating the amoun und net primary productivity in an arid ecosystem, estimating the amount of production that is rid ecosystem, estimating the amount of production that is incorporated as standing biomass in by herbivores and detritivores on plant productivity; and the potential role of dung and litter r deposited by herbivores as islands of productivity. finally, we will analyse the role of spat riability, two neglected issues in most food web studies, on food web structure and dynamics us ted issues in most food web studies, on food web structure and dynamics using both empirical da |
2026 | 7 | iated organisms and isolated plants. in nature, however, plants are associated with multitrophi
uality and the surrounding multitrophic community. in natural grasslands, i will study abovegro ity and by the surrounding multitrophic community. i will use genotypes of ragwort that differ iment to study the relationship between vegetation, soil biodiversity and aboveground invertebr the diversity of the surrounding plant community, and carry out plant-soil feedback studies to i will focus on flower-feeding and leaf-mining insect communities and construct quantitative in is will provide reliable information on abundance of soil microorganisms such as nematodes, bac |
13868 | 7 | project is to be able to understand how climate change may affect the timing and duration of th
oth plants and animals, and have a good resistance against increasing nutrient loads and climat e against increasing nutrient loads and climate change; changes that may otherwise turn the lak te coastal lakes will respond to global warming has been debated in recent years. i will concen period in spring, a period during which vegetation may expand. the objectives of my project are pring dynamics in the edge zone between vegetation and open water, 2 experimentally determine t al and consumptive interactions through modelling evaluate the ability to predict zooplankton s |
15127 | 4 | under climate change scenario, average atmospheric and sea su
io, average atmospheric and sea surface temperature are increasing and more co2 will dissolve i on. despite it is generally agreed that climate change determine how the interacting effect of e how the interacting effect of co2 and temperature modify the response of invaded vs. non inva |
11404 | 7 | s in the turnover and transformation of nutrients, including carbon and nitrogen, in the enviro
transformation of nutrients, including carbon and nitrogen, in the environment. however, our u tion of nutrients, including carbon and nitrogen, in the environment. however, our understandin , including carbon and nitrogen, in the environment. however, our understanding of these microb oratory culture, and therefore no known ecosystem function, but which are abundant in natural e role in the oxidation of ammonia in the environment, a key step in the global nitrogen cycle, a e environment, a key step in the global nitrogen cycle, and an ammonia oxidising crenarchaea ha |
14281 | 1 | habitat loss and fragmentation, associated with land co
|
478 | 10 | c diversity, playing a decisive role in climate change mitigation through adaptation. the effic
aying a decisive role in climate change mitigation through adaptation. the efficiency of mitiga ange mitigation through adaptation. the efficiency of mitigation will depend on the amounts of n through adaptation. the efficiency of mitigation will depend on the amounts of adaptive varia variability available in the different ecosystems of europe and their response to new selectiv cidate differences in morphological and functional traits in trees growing under different envi tions. we will also analyse the spatial distribution of phenotypes and genotypes, and their ass ated spatial ecological variability, in model european forest systems. to better generalise our e used to evaluate the impact of future environmental change on european forests, using modelli ental change on european forests, using modelling platforms and statistical inference at the st |
14137 | 5 | sed pathogen load as a result of global warming, as several dangerous salmonid parasites, such
r systems that differ markedly in their temperature regimes. the results of the project are exp . bryosalmonae and genetic basis of pkd resistance in salmonid fishes, giving rare insights int th of selection in relation to pathogen abundance and temperature. as such, the proposed work h n in relation to pathogen abundance and temperature. as such, the proposed work has important a |
1975 | 1 | early research also concentrated on bi-trophic interactions e.g. interactions involving plant-
|
10085 | 7 | ossibility is that differences in fruit production between species are minimized by biotic inte
tes for flower number to equalize fruit production among species. we will focus on two potentia e mother and assessing effects on fruit development and seedling performance. this project will ntained in an important tropical forest community and has general applicability to any plant co has general applicability to any plant community where competition for pollinators might under licability to any plant community where competition for pollinators might underlie the evolutio tion for pollinators might underlie the evolution of flowering strategies. the work also has re |
14739 | 2 | erable experience in the study of these traits in these plant groups from an evolutionary ecolo
in this study is related to neither the traits nor the species involved, but rather to the conc |
2023 | 11 | ses and their regulation in the natural environment. we also are beginning to detect the genera
nning to detect the general patterns in microbial community structure in a range of ecosystems. obial community structure in a range of ecosystems. however, it has been proven difficult to re roven difficult to relate processes and community structure based on the data available, becaus interactions with other members of the community remains unknown. filling this gap in our basi in our basic knowledge on structure and function relationships in microbial communities is a fi munities is a field that is strongly in development. here i propose to address this gap between e i propose to address this gap between microbial community structure and the biogeochemical pr in a range of coastal marine sediments. carbon degradation in sediments covers the most importa lasses of organic substrates within the complexity of their natural environment. our methods wi within the complexity of their natural environment. our methods will be predominantly based on |
11763 | 6 | microbial diversity with management or land-use change on n2o emissions to increase our abilit
spheric loading and develop appropriate mitigation strategies. this project will determine the rrent uncertainties associated with n2o production, and will link this n2o production to functi n2o production, and will link this n2o production to functional diversity and active soil micr n, and will link this n2o production to functional diversity and active soil microbial populati with molecular techniques to determine functional diversity and the active microbial populatio |
15439 | 2 | etic structure of the adult population. habitat loss and fragmentation may determine the compos
on in the seed rain. 6. assess the fine scale spatial genetic structure of adult populations. 7 |
10001 | 4 | for predicting the possible effects of environmental change. in most plants and animals larger
now if the observed differences in, say growth, are simply a consequence of size, or if other a we will use experiments to explore how growth and survival are related to size, so allowing us , fast growing species suffer increased mortality, and how this varies between habitats. this i |
2132 | 17 | traditional coarse-scale analyses of population dynamics assume that indiv
traditional coarse-scale analyses of population dynamics assume that individuals in a cohort ence identical densities. yet, juvenile density is commonly influenced by the mothers decision nduce spatial variation in intensity of density dependence, and ultimately the productivity of density dependence, and ultimately the productivity of populations. furthermore, reproductive populations. furthermore, reproductive behavior determines the habitat characteristics of emer e, reproductive behavior determines the habitat characteristics of emerging juveniles and depen es in our understanding of how maternal behavior may influence population productivity through ernal behavior may influence population productivity through effects on both abiotic and biotic ions within a population influences its productivity. more specifically, we will use studies of dies of natural populations to test how productivity may vary among populations and within popu ners. furthermore, we will test how the distribution of spawners relates to availability of bre ity of breeding habitats and population density and if there is selection against spatial aggre ne how the total amount and the spatial distribution influence productivity. these studies comp and the spatial distribution influence productivity. these studies complement smaller scale ex ivity. these studies complement smaller scale experimental work that has focused on causal mech into how important these issues are for productivity of natural atlantic salmon populations. |
2044 | 4 | ecosystem managers frequently need a simple indicator o
ystem managers frequently need a simple indicator of the well-being of ecological systems in or indices are generally based on species richness as well as on the relative abundance of specie ies richness as well as on the relative abundance of species. yet, no information is used on th |
15105 | 4 | sical processes involved. the numerical modelling of a physical system solves approximately a m
tem solves approximately a mathematical model that formulates the physical laws that govern the ed in two main categories: research and development of computational models and research and de f computational models and research and development of suitable laboratory experiments. therefo |
15104 | 2 | of global changes extensively across an habitat gradient and intensively in selected wetland ha
itats. the results will be validated at habitat and floodplain scales using these data measured |
15457 | 12 | functioning of terrestrial plant-based food webs. this occurs because terrestrial food webs in
d webs. this occurs because terrestrial food webs involved complex interactions between organis mportant feedback systems that regulate ecosystem processes. indeed, organisms usually associat rganisms usually associated to detrital food webs also affect trophic interactions between plan iated to detrital food webs also affect trophic interactions between plants and the organisms a s well as between producer and detrital food webs would allow to the scientific community to un food webs would allow to the scientific community to understand the functioning and complexity unity to understand the functioning and complexity of the food webs. to do so, it is necessary d the functioning and complexity of the food webs. to do so, it is necessary to identify the in e the mechanisms are discovered and the nature of the interactions between the organisms discer n the regulation and functioning of the food web. in this project on the interactions between p s, and other members of the aboveground community. |
14721 | 10 | e determination of different biological indicators are distributed in the landscape is essentia
pecies dispersal and maintenance of all ecosystem functions. the ensemble of ecosystem and land ll ecosystem functions. the ensemble of ecosystem and landscape level will allow us to evaluate both levels on which the structure and function of the natural and semi-natural ecosystems is unction of the natural and semi-natural ecosystems is expressed. as a result, the best biodiver sed. as a result, the best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will b he best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will be identified. in pr grated strategy for the conservation of nature. in this way, the protected areas will contribut ts that come from natural resources and environmental services. the objective is to conserve th that maintain the multiple functions of ecosystems and thus safeguard a sustainable, rich and d |
14581 | 12 | vity and the structural biodiversity of ecosystems through plant species will be studied. an un
onal and structural biodiversity in the ecosystem will make it possible to establish relationsh d structure and will help to define new ecological indicators of the state of the ecosystem. mo ological indicators of the state of the ecosystem. moreover, indices of biodiversity will be ca es dispersal and maintenance of all the ecosystem functions. this is why the ensemble of ecosys functions. this is why the ensemble of ecosystem and landscape level will allow us to evaluate both levels on which the structure and function of the natural and semi-natural systems is exp sed. as a result, the best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will b he best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will be identified. in pr grated strategy for the conservation of nature. in this way, the protected areas will contribut ts that come from natural resources and environmental services. the objective is to conserve th that maintain the multiple functions of ecosystems and thus safeguard a sustainable, rich and d |
14582 | 12 | vity and the structural biodiversity of ecosystems through plant species will be studied. an un
onal and structural biodiversity in the ecosystem will make it possible to establish relationsh d structure and will help to define new ecological indicators of the state of the ecosystem. mo ological indicators of the state of the ecosystem. moreover, indices of biodiversity will be ca es dispersal and maintenance of all the ecosystem functions. this is why the ensemble of ecosys functions. this is why the ensemble of ecosystem and landscape level will allow us to evaluate both levels on which the structure and function of the natural and semi-natural systems is exp sed. as a result, the best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will b he best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will be identified. in pr grated strategy for the conservation of nature. in this way, the protected areas will contribut ts that come from natural resources and environmental services. the objective is to conserve th that maintain the multiple functions of ecosystems and thus safeguard a sustainable, rich and d |
14722 | 10 | e determination of different biological indicators are distributed in the landscape is essentia
pecies dispersal and maintenance of all ecosystem functions. the ensemble of ecosystem and land ll ecosystem functions. the ensemble of ecosystem and landscape level will allow us to evaluate both levels on which the structure and function of the natural and semi-natural ecosystems is unction of the natural and semi-natural ecosystems is expressed. as a result, the best biodiver sed. as a result, the best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will b he best biodiversity indicators for the evaluation of natural systems will be identified. in pr grated strategy for the conservation of nature. in this way, the protected areas will contribut ts that come from natural resources and environmental services. the objective is to conserve th that maintain the multiple functions of ecosystems and thus safeguard a sustainable, rich and d |
15570 | 10 | c diversity, playing a decisive role in climate change mitigation through adaptation. the effic
aying a decisive role in climate change mitigation through adaptation. the efficiency of mitiga ange mitigation through adaptation. the efficiency of mitigation will depend on the amounts of n through adaptation. the efficiency of mitigation will depend on the amounts of adaptive varia variability available in the different ecosystems of europe and their response to new selectiv cidate differences in morphological and functional traits in trees growing under different envi tions. we will also analyse the spatial distribution of phenotypes and genotypes, and their ass ated spatial ecological variability, in model european forest systems. to better generalise our e used to evaluate the impact of future environmental change on european forests, using modelli ental change on european forests, using modelling platforms and statistical inference at the st |
13345 | 1 | sk, socio economic ability and cultural perceptions to cope with effects of this risk. working
|
9957 | 10 | ns and people that are working daily in ecosystem contexts of central importance to poor groups
ds, grasslands and wetlands these three ecosystems potentially provide poor people with their l stitutions have been working to improve ecosystem management practice by poor groups, developin three areas where they believe northern participation in espa is essential to: improve scientif improve scientific understanding of the ecosystem services provided by the above; increase the th particular emphasis on resilience to climate change. we in the south seek a ppd grant to ena challenges, and african innovations, in ecosystem management; identify priorities for investmen tural and social sciences for improving ecosystem management; and engage policy stakeholders so rticular days will be dedicated to peer review among those working on es pa; hearings from repr s including the running of new regional climate change and land surface models with political s |
15229 | 1 | n eighth in size. in spite of the harsh environment, endemic floras and faunas of deserts are o
|
15268 | 8 | in reptiles, being ectotherms, temperature is one of the primary determinants of life
tories, as well as of survival. because temperature decreases with increasing altitude, it is p titude, it is presumably that extrinsic mortality in reptiles increases with altitude. as showe ment of resources in other life-history traits, such as the immune system. according to this re 2000 metres in sierra nevada, using as model species the lizard psammodromus jeaneae. knowledg xamine the capacity of reptiles to face climate change in mountain systems. the concrete object with altitude. objective 2: how lizard body size varies with altitude. objective 3: how lizard m, or maternal effects, on the measured traits. this issue would be analysed by experiments of |
14944 | 2 | lysis of the spatial variation in plant traits has provided some of the most convincing evidenc
its reproductive biology, let alone its recruitment in doñana or in any other area. |
7406 | 3 | nt to start a reflection face of future climate change, particularly in the context of contrast
nsider the polymorphism of quantitative traits using approaches quite original and new, related ndidate genes related with phenological traits measured on urban and non-urban populations |
14548 | 2 | high proportion of endemic and regional indicator species. spain has one of the temperate zones
determine which is the role in quarries colonization of the species-area relationships, the deg |
7038 | 4 | ion and reaction of farmers to soil and climate are in close connection with specific local exp
ce and therefore of the interactive man-environment relation. it is the aim of the research pro connected, - how does it influence the behavior of local people in their management of natural gruencies exist between local knowledge/behavior and scientific knowledge. finally, local knowl |
7709 | 5 | c, social and local cultural. in such a model, the individual and collective management practic
iation and a more respectful use of the environment by enhancing the local ecological context. potential of the concept of ecological intensification. it brings together winemakers and agro earchers in artificial intelligence for modeling valuing diversity at the level of farming syst the territorial level: what changes in production methods knowledge and what relationships bui |
11215 | 1 | errant skeletally, having morphological traits that suggest both aquatic and terrestrial specia
|
11713 | 1 | errant skeletally, having morphological traits that suggest both aquatic and terrestrial specia
|
11735 | 4 | s obtained from outside their immediate environment. but how were such foreign foods obtained a
le diet and into the local agricultural production this is one of the key questions in understa the key questions in understanding the evolution of human diet. excavations at the roman and i in terms of quality of preservation and abundance of food remains. a detailed analysis of these |
10148 | 13 | th and there is clear evidence that its ecosystems are changing rapidly. these changes are gene
e generally attributed to recent global warming, the effects of which are enhanced in this regi ity caused by atmospheric deposition of nitrogen . remarkably few measurements of n deposition of much of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we e of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish ake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish that lakes in this region h he arctic which have experienced recent warming since long-range n transport is a global phenom a global phenomenon. it is likely that warming and n enrichment act in a similar and synergist ced response to even small increases in temperature. possible interactions between nutrient dep actions between nutrient deposition and carbon cycling are also important for understanding bio n deposition may release bacteria from nutrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in utrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in lakes, increasing co2 efflux to the atmo and hence providing a feedback into the climate system. |
10418 | 12 | there is now unambiguous evidence that ecosystems in the arctic are changing. this is generall
this is generally attributed to global warming, effects of which are particularly enhanced in at long-range atmospheric deposition of nitrogen to establish longer-term trends in sw greenlan rts of the arctic both in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we e e arctic both in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish ake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish that lakes in this region h tic which have experienced 20th century warming since long-range n transport is a global phenom a global phenomenon. it is likely that warming and n enrichment act in a similar and synergist ced response to even small increases in temperature. possible interactions between nutrient dep n deposition may release bacteria from nutrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in utrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in lakes, thereby contributing to regional atmosphere and hence feedback into the climate system. |
10908 | 13 | th and there is clear evidence that its ecosystems are changing rapidly. these changes are gene
e generally attributed to recent global warming, the effects of which are enhanced in this regi ity caused by atmospheric deposition of nitrogen . remarkably few measurements of n deposition of much of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we e of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish ake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish that lakes in this region h he arctic which have experienced recent warming since long-range n transport is a global phenom a global phenomenon. it is likely that warming and n enrichment act in a similar and synergist ced response to even small increases in temperature. possible interactions between nutrient dep actions between nutrient deposition and carbon cycling are also important for understanding bio n deposition may release bacteria from nutrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in utrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in lakes, increasing co2 efflux to the atmo and hence providing a feedback into the climate system. |
11751 | 13 | th and there is clear evidence that its ecosystems are changing rapidly. these changes are gene
e generally attributed to recent global warming, the effects of which are enhanced in this regi ity caused by atmospheric deposition of nitrogen . remarkably few measurements of n deposition of much of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we e of the arctic in terms of lake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish ake density, precipitation patterns and vegetation. if we establish that lakes in this region h he arctic which have experienced recent warming since long-range n transport is a global phenom a global phenomenon. it is likely that warming and n enrichment act in a similar and synergist ced response to even small increases in temperature. possible interactions between nutrient dep actions between nutrient deposition and carbon cycling are also important for understanding bio n deposition may release bacteria from nutrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in utrient limitation, increasing rates of respiration in lakes, increasing co2 efflux to the atmo and hence providing a feedback into the climate system. |
11742 | 5 | mine the effect of oil pollution on the population dynamics of the common guillemot uria aalge
on size. secondly, to determine whether density-dependent processes influence the rate of recov pendent processes influence the rate of recovery of guillemot populations from major mortality ery of guillemot populations from major mortality incidents. finally, to determine how age, sex e how age, sex and cohort influence the recruitment, survival and reproductive success of this |
12630 | 1 | t three sites maintained in arable crop production.
|
2120 | 8 | d in studies of fundamental behavioural traits such as species recognition, mate choice and soc
ies recognition, mate choice and social dominance. i propose a project to investigate long term n the wild in terms of such behavioural traits. since 1995, great tits and blue tits have been investigate the species recognition and dominance of the offspring of cross-fostered birds, als w does the song of cross-fostered males function in interactions with heterospecifics and consp fics and conspecifics. i also propose a review article on early learning. this project may yiel w insights into the determinants of the development of species recognition and social dominance pment of species recognition and social dominance. moreover, cross-fostering is used in conserv |
2101 | 4 | off-shore oil exploration and production is moving towards arctic regions. a strict r
ronmental spill scenarios on the marine environment from the oil industry are mainly focused on ed to oil spill events in the course of production, processing or transport and to subsequent r ntially long term effects on ice margin community of trapped oil. this may occur as oil trapped |
12580 | 3 | ts, on soil microorganisms and how they function within the soil. the experiments were carried
he effects of individual metals on soil microbial activity and long term soil fertility. this p . this project will give an independent evaluation of the findings from phases ii and iii of th |
12510 | 7 | and in the uk were converted to organic production. in the short term, this was driven by the d
portunity to integrate hill and lowland production, and address some of the problems of infrast ivestock. decoupling of eu support from production, through the single farm payment scheme, wil bility of both organic and conventional production systems. by altering the scale and type of p nal production systems. by altering the scale and type of production on conventional farms, cap tems. by altering the scale and type of production on conventional farms, cap reform also has t impact, directly and indirectly, on the development and long-term prospects for organic farming |
11849 | 9 | imal than any other kind of terrestrial environment. they also store vast amounts of greenhouse
ance for protecting earth s species and climate. humid tropical forests do not normally burn, y forest fragmentation open up the forest habitat and make it more flammable, while agriculture i 0-40 cm, and the fire moves through the leaf litter. although these fires appear relatively inn ve feedback cycle, where increased tree mortality produces a more open forest and increases the ations of wildfires for tropical forest vegetation, and many important questions remain. for ex we cannot yet explain why rates of tree mortality vary from 8 to 40% depending on the region of be able to test predictions about tree mortality and regeneration after fire in transitional a potential consequences of land-use and climate change. |
14670 | 10 | ctive success of individuals , breeding habitat selection is likely to be under a strong select
exes used by individuals when assessing habitat quality to subsequently choose an habitat. this bitat quality to subsequently choose an habitat. this is based on the fact that conspecifics sh ological needs and, thus, they may show habitat suitability. thus, information coming from hete esis has been called the heterospecific habitat copying hypothesis in a breeding habitat select abitat copying hypothesis in a breeding habitat selection context and it is valid even for comp l needs among species, the stronger the competition but also the higher the value of informatio sis assessing the role of interspecific competition and to investigate which cue is used when a h species and also manipulations of the competition by exclusion. further we will do behavioura characters as possible cues indicating habitat quality. |
12065 | 1 | iversity crisis context. the successful model is that of molluscs. it has the advantage of bein
|
226 | 7 | habitat loss and habitat fragmentation are considered t
habitat loss and habitat fragmentation are considered to be the primary ape for some period of time, though the environment is not suitable for them anymore and the fu seminatural communities; to examine the traits and abundances of species forming the debt and t ty, phylogenetic diversity – respond to habitat loss and fragmentation and how they are related inally, by comparing the remained area, connectivity and extinction debt in different studies w s and environmental data. for gathering species traits, genetic and phylogenetic data we will u |
13804 | 1 | rbances, but more information about the nature of specialization and its consequences is needed
|
12468 | 2 | efra funded project . this project will review and analyse the data collected by the 30 vessels
ow-cost vms system to inform the future development or implementation of the vessel monitoring |
12282 | 18 | of this scoping study is to explore the carbon components of key production steps within conven
to explore the carbon components of key production steps within conventional growing systems an techniques that could contribute to low carbon farming. this should identify where reductions i his should identify where reductions in carbon inputs could be achieved without compromising yi mising yield and quality and inform the development of low carbon production systems which are ality and inform the development of low carbon production systems which are resilient and adapt nd inform the development of low carbon production systems which are resilient and adaptable to principally from the perspective of its carbon burden. information on current production practi s carbon burden. information on current production practices will be assimilated to provide a b ovide a baseline for the assessments of carbon and water use. this will be obtained from standa consultation with farmers and growers. model crops will be chosen – preferred options are pota provide a structure for quantifying the carbon inputs at every stage of production and identify ing the carbon inputs at every stage of production and identifying the main areas where reducti techniques that could contribute to low carbon farming will be identified and key positive and s will be achieved through a literature review and use of an expert panel. the role of decision e pool will be discussed. the impact of climate change and the effects of predicted changes in and the effects of predicted changes in temperature, rainfall and co2 will also be considered. recommendations for future research and development will be made. |
7046 | 10 | in the marine environment, no other environmental variable has change
ly in recent decades than the dissolved oxygen who will help work up and interpret the samples and growing, threat to shallow coastal ecosystems. it will put an ecological framework on past ill put an ecological framework on past hypoxia-tolerance experiments and contribute to the ong o the ongoing debate on valid tolerance thresholds and indicator organisms. the project will al ebate on valid tolerance thresholds and indicator organisms. the project will also add concrete rical context - on the issue-complex of climate change, eutrophication and biodiversity loss. o id catastrophic mortalities and promote recovery, and provide criteria for determining the loca ble to better judge the local impact of oxygen crises on their ecosystem, organisms and livelih local impact of oxygen crises on their ecosystem, organisms and livelihoods. |
6770 | 2 | that adaptation as absorbing more solar energy via dorsal discoloration in hostile environment
rgy via dorsal discoloration in hostile environment is one of the possible explanation for the |
12332 | 2 | f the mpa, specifically to quantify the recovery of benthic communities using a number of focal
hic communities using a number of focal/indicator species; to quantify and assess any potential |
7181 | 3 | ion is weakened particularly due to the development of aphids jacobeae. the distribution and ab
the development of aphids jacobeae. the distribution and abundance make illusory any attempt er f aphids jacobeae. the distribution and abundance make illusory any attempt eradication, it sho |
7522 | 1 | nctions that are naturally transferable ecosystems. conversely, a very low genetic variability
|
13327 | 11 | macis will review and meta-analyse the existing projections of cli
eta-analyse the existing projections of climate change impacts on biodiversity. it will assess ive impacts for the eu25 up to 2050 and review the state-of-the-art on methods to assess the pr o assess the probable future impacts of climate change on biodiversity. this includes the revie ange on biodiversity. this includes the review of possible climate change adaptation and mitiga y. this includes the review of possible climate change adaptation and mitigation measures and t possible climate change adaptation and mitigation measures and their potential effect on futur er develop a series of biodiversity and habitat models that address biodiversity impacts, and a vent and minimise negative impacts from climate change and from climate change adaptation and m ve impacts from climate change and from climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. and from climate change adaptation and mitigation measures. |
12445 | 1 | ar-on-year, and the contribution of the environment to such variation. key customer purpose: pr
|
2197 | 5 | nges of abiotic variables processes and ecosystem impact impact on ecosystem function will be d
rocesses and ecosystem impact impact on ecosystem function will be documented for some areas wh ermore, processes of importance for the function of the ecosystem will be analyzed by modelling s of importance for the function of the ecosystem will be analyzed by modelling of resource uti on of the ecosystem will be analyzed by modelling of resource utilization as a basis for co-occ |
183 | 4 | ined scientific branch between ecology, evolution and biogeography, aiming to clarify ecologica
acroecological studies to the practical nature conservation in planning protected areas at the tected areas at the global and regional scale. we shall use the meta-study approach; ecoinforma and environmental data at the regional scale. |
14470 | 4 | o investigate the constraints that some habitat characteristics impose on the species living in
ving in them, and their effect in large scale macroevolutionary and macroecological patterns. t onary and macroecological patterns. the model system are species of aquatic coleoptera, which a rentially occupy one of two contrasting habitat types , to test for predicted differences in ge |
10159 | 2 | wer many large questions in ecology and evolution. such questions include how their major distr
such questions include how their major distribution patterns have arisen, what factors make pa |
15407 | 4 | e address the geographical variation of traits involved in mutualistic and antagonistic interac
y, the role of population genealogy and climate as determinants of broad-scale patterns in popu gy and climate as determinants of broad-scale patterns in population performance of the laurelc integrating improved climatic envelope modeling with rangewide phylogeography. |
11059 | 8 | how ecology and environments shape the evolution of biodiversity in a group of organisms over
ediments is to go back in time in foram evolution, and the sheer numbers of fossils make it pos dented detail the rules governing foram evolution. how have rates of speciation and extinction lve over time, and is the rate of their evolution tied up with rates of diversification and how are high, as opposed to normal; or when climate is changing, as opposed to stable some of these gain a synthetic overview of how large-scale patterns in evolution arise in natural environmen overview of how large-scale patterns in evolution arise in natural environments. such an overvi nisms: having a detailed picture of one model system will help researchers working on other gro |
11304 | 8 | how ecology and environments shape the evolution of biodiversity in a group of organisms over
ediments is to go back in time in foram evolution, and the sheer numbers of fossils make it pos dented detail the rules governing foram evolution. how have rates of speciation and extinction lve over time, and is the rate of their evolution tied up with rates of diversification and how are high, as opposed to normal; or when climate is changing, as opposed to stable some of these gain a synthetic overview of how large-scale patterns in evolution arise in natural environmen overview of how large-scale patterns in evolution arise in natural environments. such an overvi nisms: having a detailed picture of one model system will help researchers working on other gro |
6737 | 1 | e decrease of the number of species and density. this decrease was the greatest in the litrorhe
|
2194 | 4 | nd threats • describe the precent large-scale distrubution and aboundance of zostera marina and
s and processes at genetic, species and ecosystem levels of macrophyte systems under various co acrophyte habitats. evaluate the use of habitat forming species such as zostera marina as indic rming species such as zostera marina as indicators of biodiversity. |
11611 | 5 | s. adsorption of individual metals as a function of ph will be used to calculate metal-site sta
n of individual metals as a function of ph will be used to calculate metal-site stability const ph will be used to calculate metal-site stability constants with each site on the surface of ba ace of bacteria. the variation in these stability constants with atomic number will provide som ctionation mechanisms. parallel mineral growth experiments from ree-spiked fluids which have be |
7579 | 1 | . this result suggests to integrate the behavior of mate choice in genetic resources management
|
12204 | 3 | the sustainable development and improvement of uk crops in the face of
the project will support the continued development of the collection through the further chara al in the field and glasshouses and the distribution of germplasm and related information throu |
181 | 3 | mentally testable predictions about the evolution of many biological systems, from biochemical
equence data to work out a phylogenetic classification of the holarctic dolerini. the tribus do i. the tribus dolerini is selected as a model group of exophagous tenthredinids because this li |
10716 | 7 | over the oceans, affecting weather and climate. and, when it rains, these compounds come back
use forms of dms and dmsp in which the carbon atoms have an atomic weight of 13, not the more igests such a heavy molecule, the heavy carbon is incorporated into its molecules, including dn s of microbes mean that they affect our environment more than most of us realise. given the env s of bacteria and fungi that affect its production and destruction and which of the various pot pathways are involved. this may help us model how environmental changes such as climate change model how environmental changes such as climate change alter the balance of these processes. |
11704 | 7 | over the oceans, affecting weather and climate. and, when it rains, these compounds come back
use forms of dms and dmsp in which the carbon atoms have an atomic weight of 13, not the more igests such a heavy molecule, the heavy carbon is incorporated into its molecules, including dn s of microbes mean that they affect our environment more than most of us realise. given the env s of bacteria and fungi that affect its production and destruction and which of the various pot pathways are involved. this may help us model how environmental changes such as climate change model how environmental changes such as climate change alter the balance of these processes. |
10854 | 1 | s that may be important in driving host evolution, and could be used in the control of insect v
|
10586 | 1 | captive female canaries using male song complexity as a measure of attractiveness. the song str
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14561 | 1 | l be experimentaly comprobated. data on distribution and relationship with the host will also b
|
11686 | 3 | ve altered due to human interference or climate change. tetraploids often have different charac
na-based methods to test the tetraploid nature of the animals, to determine relation to other s into the links between genomes and the environment, and possible contributions to knowledge-ba |
15275 | 8 | nd artificial selection of quantitative traits. 2. development of a new method of analysis of a
al selection of quantitative traits. 2. development of a new method of analysis of allelic dive e context of structured populations and evaluation of its use in combination with gene diversit gical and molecular information for the recovery of the genetic constitution of a population th analyses by computer simulation of the efficiency of the different methods for the detection o ons for different types of quantitative traits. the practical efficiency of methods for detecti s of quantitative traits. the practical efficiency of methods for detecting of selective genes ociated with selection for quantitative traits will be investigated. |
15276 | 8 | nd artificial selection of quantitative traits. 2. development of a new method of analysis of a
al selection of quantitative traits. 2. development of a new method of analysis of allelic dive e context of structured populations and evaluation of its use in combination with gene diversit gical and molecular information for the recovery of the genetic constitution of a population th analyses by computer simulation of the efficiency of the different methods for the detection o ons for different types of quantitative traits. the practical efficiency of methods for detecti s of quantitative traits. the practical efficiency of methods for detecting of selective genes ociated with selection for quantitative traits will be investigated. |
14632 | 10 | will focus on factors affecting present distribution using predictive models, will analyse demo
d will explore possible consequences of habitat fragmentation on population genetics of the spe e associated with the alteration of its habitat due to the changes occurred in mediterranean we wetlands. the loss and fragmentation of habitat may affect resource availability, demographic p : 1- to obtain predictive models of the distribution and abundance of the reed bunting; 2- iden edictive models of the distribution and abundance of the reed bunting; 2- identify using the pr nvironmental factors that influence the distribution of the species; 3- simulations of probable onducted to evaluate its effect on bird distribution and richness; 4- to study the demographic ate its effect on bird distribution and richness; 4- to study the demographic parameters to ana vicariance and more recent events, like habitat fragmentation or dispersal to the genetic struc |
7487 | 2 | ainable levels of exploitation are low. ecosystems are impacted by fishing due to the removal o
the impact of fishing on the deepwater ecosystem in general is poorly quantified. deepfishman |
2049 | 2 | straints and opportunities of different development paths looking at alliances and partners cho
l is important as a basis for norwegian development assistance within this field. the knowledge |
7617 | 8 | various hardwoods as i different ground vegetation treatment modalities in older pine forests i
ctly on bare soil but with accompanying vegetation and ii in shrubland up. these experiments al plant - plant interactions and plant - environment and propose forest restoration methods. med ances which generated complex mosaic of vegetation with a strong spatial heterogeneity. disrupt plex mosaic of vegetation with a strong spatial heterogeneity. disruptions that have acted and omponent to explain the composition and distribution of existing vegetation, the change of land omposition and distribution of existing vegetation, the change of land use with, in particular h shore of the mediterranean basin, and climate changes in the sense announced reinforcements o |
12526 | 4 | with high plant health risk. the use of temperature sensitive materials and other non-biologica
tive materials and other non-biological indicators will also be investigated for suitability fo ays for assessment of biowastes. recent evaluation at csl of the recommended eppo method for pr eppo method for process validation with indicator organisms found this to be laborious, time co |
15244 | 3 | ecological significance of mycorrhizal symbiosis in gypsophilous plant species; for this proje
mentation of mycorrhizal fungi inoculum production techniques for natural mycorrhization of gyp physical, chemical and microbiological soil properties. 2. implement methods for reproduction |
15243 | 3 | ecological significance of mycorrhizal symbiosis in gypsophilous plant species; for this proje
mentation of mycorrhizal fungi inoculum production techniques for natural mycorrhization of gyp physical, chemical and microbiological soil properties. 2. implement methods for reproduction |
12156 | 26 | th the loss and degradation of breeding habitat mainly through changes in agriculture such as d
ges in agriculture such as drainage and intensification of grassland management. whilst there i that in some situations high levels of predation on wader nests or young may prevent populatio r nests or young may prevent population recovery even where habitat conditions are good. work u prevent population recovery even where habitat conditions are good. work undertaken under phas project showed that the most important predators of wader nests are likely to be mammals such mammals such as foxes. however, the key predators do not specialise on wader nests and it is li ht. lapwing nests suffer lower rates of predation when located away from the field edge, in fie ing lapwing are high and on sites where predator abundance is lower. predator abundance can be ng are high and on sites where predator abundance is lower. predator abundance can be reduced b ites where predator abundance is lower. predator abundance can be reduced by lethal predator co e predator abundance is lower. predator abundance can be reduced by lethal predator control but ator abundance can be reduced by lethal predator control but this is not a cost-effective long- d is unlikely to be favoured as an agri-environment option. thus, finding a non-lethal solution roject will make use of lapwing nesting habitat preferences in an experiment that will attempt nt that will attempt to manipulate nest distribution and thereby reduce levels of predation. la stribution and thereby reduce levels of predation. lapwing prefer to nest on bare, disturbed gr the effect of this manipulation on the distribution and survival rates of nests of redshank. t vival rates of nests of redshank. three habitat manipulations will be examined, comparing nest ations will be examined, comparing nest distribution and survival rates with those observed in the height and reducing the structural complexity of vegetation through lack of mowing the pre d reducing the structural complexity of vegetation through lack of mowing the previous autumn a on of fertiliser to promote early grass growth. 2. creation/maintenance of wet features in the ith management recommendations for agri-environment schemes and therefore an opportunity for la therefore an opportunity for landscape-scale restoration of wader populations under reduced le der populations under reduced levels of predation. |
2210 | 1 | ct will produce a scientific base for a development of adaptive management systems. our objecti
|
13715 | 12 | a common argument against reducing its nitrogen load. dense surface accumulations can cover th
c eutrophication by fixing 200-400 kton nitrogen/yr. they are natural to the baltic, and the ni they are natural to the baltic, and the nitrogen they fix likely supports baltic fish yield. to ly, and could greatly change the baltic ecosystem and reduce fish yield. studies will be made b ms, 2. prediction of bloom severity, 3. ecosystem effects of blooms, especially for fish food a sh food and fish larvae, 4. fate of the nitrogen fixed by blooms where does it go, how quickly how quickly is it lost by conversion to nitrogen gas 5. cost-benefit analysis for society of bl the right balance between reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus, and to minimise noxious blooms lance between reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus, and to minimise noxious blooms, without cha se noxious blooms, without changing the nature of the baltic ecosystem, or overly reducing its thout changing the nature of the baltic ecosystem, or overly reducing its fish production. ecosystem, or overly reducing its fish production. |
10902 | 6 | the region will be influenced by future climate and land use change it is important to understa
ill be influenced by future climate and land use change it is important to understand how to op africa are managed now and under future climate change so that the income farmers receive is in affect each other. by understanding how ecosystem services affect coffee production we can deve ng how ecosystem services affect coffee production we can develop knowledge to allow better man systems to help guide farmer at a wider scale. |
10986 | 6 | the region will be influenced by future climate and land use change it is important to understa
ill be influenced by future climate and land use change it is important to understand how to op africa are managed now and under future climate change so that the income farmers receive is in affect each other. by understanding how ecosystem services affect coffee production we can deve ng how ecosystem services affect coffee production we can develop knowledge to allow better man systems to help guide farmer at a wider scale. |
12187 | 3 | farming systems that provide a range of ecosystem services, including , increases the sequestra
onal benefits for the delivery of other ecosystem services, including nutrient retention and po k, yorkshire dales, and in a controlled mesocosm study |
11231 | 21 | therefore vital in determining how much carbon is stored or released into the atmosphere. payme
nt practices that help to store organic carbon in soils and vegetation are becoming increasingl lp to store organic carbon in soils and vegetation are becoming increasingly popular. however, e risks and gains this produces for the environment, particularly in terms of its ability to su in terms of its ability to support food production, nor how it could affect the livelihoods of he risks and gains of managing land for carbon is an urgent challenge that requires the coopera ideas on the topic of managing land for carbon . we will focus on study areas in namibia, botsw challenge. workshop activities will: a review current understanding of carbon stores and losse will: a review current understanding of carbon stores and losses and the ways in which they are ich they are measured for both soil and vegetation; b identify the livelihood activities that t s associated with managing the land for carbon; c identify the current environmental status of on to nutrient cycling, water, and food production, with a view to assessing how managing the l to assessing how managing the land for carbon could alter these wider services; and d evaluate ting best practices in research for the development of community-based payments for carbon stor ices in research for the development of community-based payments for carbon storage projects. t lopment of community-based payments for carbon storage projects. the novelty of our project lie yet, we extend it by assessing organic carbon in both soil and vegetation and link this with s sessing organic carbon in both soil and vegetation and link this with social and economic analy uthern africa while also increasing the carbon stored in the environment. in pursuing these act lso increasing the carbon stored in the environment. in pursuing these activities, the project improved research and evidence base on ecosystem services, their dynamics and management and t |
13718 | 12 | nsequences of degradation of the marine environment have failed. although we have reduced nutri
t have failed. although we have reduced nutrients to lessen the harmful effects of eutrophicati rmful effects of eutrophication, marine ecosystems are not responding as predicted. we are atte we are attempting to manage the marine environment in the face of multiple forcing factors occ taneously such as changes in fisheries, climate, urbanization, and contaminants. it is no surpr no surprise that our efforts to reduce nutrients are not being rewarded with a healthier balti ed understanding of the impact of these multiple stressors will not be achieved unless we engag and and to ultimately manage the marine environment sustainably. we have assembled a diverse gr aches, terrestrial biogeochemistry, and modeling to address problems from the past, the present utrient enrichment, eutrophication, and climate. we will contribute to development of the balti ion, and climate. we will contribute to development of the baltic sea action plan, and dissemin he sustainable management of the marine environment and create the multi-disciplinary expertise |
13764 | 5 | with the continued human development of coastal areas, resource management will
ty, quality, and spatial arrangement of habitat affecting biota that use these coastal areas. t erspective it is to increase population density outside of a closed area by the export of indiv is raised. lobsters are long-lived and migration distances rarely exceed 2 km. however, the pe effects. setting up an individual-based model i can from a mechanistic angle assess ecological |
10276 | 9 | while the contribution of organic matter oxidation to the biogeochemical cycles i
umingly widespread and important in the environment. examples for these novel processes are the ependent oxidation of ammonium produces nitrogen gas and may be responsible for 90% of the nitr s and may be responsible for 90% of the nitrogen loss in marine sediments. investigating this p anding of the biogeochemical cycles. as nitrogen is removed from the system and not available f he system and not available for primary production, this type of anaerobic ammonium oxidation m nects the element cycles of sulphur and oxygen in marine sediments and helps solving a major bi transfer of electrons from sulphide to oxygen spatially separated in different sediment layers oxygen spatially separated in different sediment layers. as these compounds are present also in |
10300 | 11 | , and these are often manifested at the scale of the food web. we propose to manipulate a well
re often manifested at the scale of the food web. we propose to manipulate a well characterised ipulate a well characterised quantified food web for which we have highly resolved data, by alt me system where we introduced a new top predator. the proposed research will stimulate algal pr proposed research will stimulate algal production in the steam by ameliorating light limitatio ortance of autocthonous pathways in the food web. we will explore a range of responses across m levels of biological organisation, from population dynamics of individual species to ecosystem ation dynamics of individual species to ecosystem processes and whole stream metabolism. furthe to ecosystem processes and whole stream metabolism. further we will use these empirical data to l models that link metabolic theory and ecological stoichiometry in food webs. theory and ecological stoichiometry in food webs. |
11684 | 11 | , and these are often manifested at the scale of the food web. we propose to manipulate a well
re often manifested at the scale of the food web. we propose to manipulate a well characterised ipulate a well characterised quantified food web for which we have highly resolved data, by alt me system where we introduced a new top predator. the proposed research will stimulate algal pr proposed research will stimulate algal production in the steam by ameliorating light limitatio ortance of autocthonous pathways in the food web. we will explore a range of responses across m levels of biological organisation, from population dynamics of individual species to ecosystem ation dynamics of individual species to ecosystem processes and whole stream metabolism. furthe to ecosystem processes and whole stream metabolism. further we will use these empirical data to l models that link metabolic theory and ecological stoichiometry in food webs. theory and ecological stoichiometry in food webs. |
9997 | 6 | hat life on earth is reliant on primary production i.e. photosynthetic plants driven by energy
on i.e. photosynthetic plants driven by energy from the sun. there was a great deal of interest hs of the pacific to reveal significant production, indeed whole communities reliant upon chemi whole communities reliant upon chemical energy are underestimates, and chemosynthetic productio are underestimates, and chemosynthetic production is even more important to the life in these a new collaboration to re-appraise how productivity in our rivers is governed. |
1923 | 11 | biodiversity of natural ecosystems is strongly affected by ecosystem processes
ural ecosystems is strongly affected by ecosystem processes such as primary production, evapo-t by ecosystem processes such as primary production, evapo-transpiration and soil nutrient turno animal species have major impacts upon ecosystem processes. thus, changes in biodiversity can thus, changes in biodiversity can alter ecosystem processes, which may have important feedback consequences for restoration of natural ecosystem processes. in the netherlands, an increasing ural pastures is becoming available for nature restoration. in various restoration experiments n of above- and below-ground species or functional groups of species, and thus increasing the d ortant additional measure for restoring ecosystem processes. we will carry out field and garden razers and decomposers to low diversity ecosystems. we will test the hypotheses that the introd in pastures withdrawn from agricultural production. |
14277 | 16 | tuary and the adjacent coastal sea. for nutrients, there is strong evidence for retention and t
ogeochemical processes in the estuarine environment and much less so on the upper catchments of ally in the nete basin, is the enhanced development of macrophytes during summer, which is appa rovement of the water quality. the huge production of biomass can cause water levels to rise, e factors controlling the appearance and development of macrophytes and to quantify the effect o d by or in the laboratory. the temporal evolution of growth and biomass of macrophyte communiti e laboratory. the temporal evolution of growth and biomass of macrophyte communities will be de nities will be determined over the full growth season. flume experiments under controlled condi acrophytes and nutrient delivery by the sediment, to assess influence of e.g. stream velocity a of e.g. stream velocity and macrophyte density. these studies will be complemented with nutrie th and without macrophyte presence. the decomposition process of macrophytes will be followed a of macrophyte detritus to the suspended organic matter pool followed. further information on nu is of and on the subsequent fate of the organic matter will be followed via stable isotope comp ther to develop a 1d transport-reaction model of the experimental aa river reach in order to ve ns and rates. in parallel, an available modeling package will be set-up for the kleine nete riv ement, especially concerning macrophyte development, based on criteria such as flood protection |
10732 | 9 | global climate change and the large-scale loss of the tropical
global climate change and the large-scale loss of the tropical forests are probably the mos as an important influence on the global carbon cycling by affecting vegetation structure, chang the global carbon cycling by affecting vegetation structure, changing carbon pools and fluxes, ffecting vegetation structure, changing carbon pools and fluxes, and causing feedbacks to the a n will be available for calculating the carbon budget of amazonian forests, taking into account uptake, release and the net balance of carbon in fire-affected forest sites in recent years, t onent processes that determine this net carbon balance and to understand how climate variation et carbon balance and to understand how climate variation and human activities through deforest |
10810 | 9 | global climate change and the large-scale loss of the tropical
global climate change and the large-scale loss of the tropical forests are probably the mos as an important influence on the global carbon cycling by affecting vegetation structure, chang the global carbon cycling by affecting vegetation structure, changing carbon pools and fluxes, ffecting vegetation structure, changing carbon pools and fluxes, and causing feedbacks to the a n will be available for calculating the carbon budget of amazonian forests, taking into account uptake, release and the net balance of carbon in fire-affected forest sites in recent years, t onent processes that determine this net carbon balance and to understand how climate variation et carbon balance and to understand how climate variation and human activities through deforest |
10987 | 11 | the broad remit of this proposal is the development of tools for managing ecosystem services fo
s the development of tools for managing ecosystem services for health and agricultural improvem activity, this partnership and project development proposal will draw together a trans-discipl linary team capable of: quantifying and mapping the links between the ecosystem services and th fying and mapping the links between the ecosystem services and the health and well-being of the eing of the people who depend upon them modelling the impacts of changes to the ecosystem upon modelling the impacts of changes to the ecosystem upon the population dependant upon its servic n dependant upon its services including climate change developing practical responses to both e ems, aimed at reducing impacts upon the ecosystem and alleviating poverty and health problems t p a common vision, while preserving the richness and strength of their respective areas of know ommon goals, will take place during the development phase, while the research problems are bein |
171 | 3 | quantitative analysis of benthic algae habitat allows estimating state of the coastal waters a
itoring program. the studied area is in remote sensing. image archives, going back to 1972, is 1972, is also an advantage of using of remote sensing since it allows studying changes in bent |
12673 | 2 | sectors. as a result of the preliminary nature of the work, comments were not sought from indiv
ty within the business and biodiversity community, the information needs updating to include mo |
6881 | 6 | production of grape varieties of high quality, at the s
identify plant alleles responsible for resistance against downy and powdery mildew will be tes be tested to determine linkage between resistance genes and the markers, providing the localis markers, providing the localisation of resistance qtl-s. for this purpose not only fungus resi cultivars will be analysed, but hybrid mapping populations, deriving from different intra- and e from franco-american hybrids carrying resistance against fungal diseases. varieties of middle |
2131 | 5 | they are hypothesized to have different migration behavior both within fjords and utilizing dif
ypothesized to have different migration behavior both within fjords and utilizing different are oject is to estimate early survival and migration behavior of wild post-smolt in for estimating o estimate early survival and migration behavior of wild post-smolt in for estimating migration or of wild post-smolt in for estimating migration routes in the open ocean. this approach will |
12343 | 1 | a standard database and used to develop gis layers of both spawning grounds and nursey grounds.
|
12339 | 2 | ion. key customer purpose: the accurate habitat map will provide an accurate evidence base to i
the annex i habitats are prevented. the habitat map would provide greater clarity to all stakeh |
13328 | 3 | in particular, to understand how marine ecosystems will adapt to climate change, we need addres
and how marine ecosystems will adapt to climate change, we need addressing especially the long- sing especially the long-term and large-scale changes in marine biodiversity. this requires an |
6933 | 3 | 1. palaeo-ecological reconstruction and modelling of lgm ranges of species which have recent ra
y of faunal types with packing edges of distribution. 2. reconstruction of the coalescence time nstruction of bottleneck vs. population growth periods of these species in connection with the |
2518 | 25 | competences in operational multispecies modelling, stock recruitment relationships, population
erational multispecies modelling, stock recruitment relationships, population dynamics of non-t lling, stock recruitment relationships, population dynamics of non-target fish species and econ of non-target fish species and economic modelling of fisheries from a wide geographic area rang ea to the mediterranean. in sustainable ecosystem management, it is crucial to account for the nt of predatory fish leads to increased predation. the project will use multispecies models to pecies models to investigate changes in predation induced by differences in distribution and th in predation induced by differences in distribution and the amount of alternative food. effect a and for the first time develop such a model for the eastern mediterranean. integrating the kn ect will identify relevant multispecies indicators and suggest methods for estimating reference causes of the year to year variation in recruitment, both large scale temporal patterns, variab ar variation in recruitment, both large scale temporal patterns, variability in the production e temporal patterns, variability in the production of eggs, sub-stock structure and survival of dentify the main causes of variation in recruitment patterns between stocks as well as the key l as the key processes from spawning to recruitment of selected stocks. the consequences of usi the role of the physical and biological environment. the effects of stock sub-structure and com stock sub-structure and composition on recruitment will be investigated by using genomic diffe nditions. the improved understanding of recruitment variability will be used in both individual be evaluated using management strategy evaluation in order to develop robust management.the pr ement.the project will develop resource indicators that combine economic, social and biological combine economic, social and biological indicators and relate directly to the benefit for the s ther, a stochastic approach to economic indicators will be investigated since variance and unce e stock dynamics, limits to sustainable ecosystem exploitation and the fishing levels deliverin ement advice. general properties of the ecosystems will be used to suggest rules of thumb for m project results to both the scientific community, managers, stakeholders and the general publi |
11208 | 1 | llection and enables the wider research community and biotechnology sectors to access these val
|
10201 | 6 | le for all life. the early earth had no oxygen in the atmosphere but the activity of photosynth
iod of 1.5 billion years resulted in an environment in which other life forms could flourish an ish and evolve. even today, half of the oxygen released to the atmosphere each year comes from comes from microbes in the oceans. all nitrogen in living organisms is there as a result of ni iving organisms is there as a result of nitrogen fixation - a process that is only carried out her and higher organisms in the natural environment: and the crucial importance of viruses in a |
9823 | 6 | the deliberate large-scale alteration of nearshore marine environments occur
uch constructions have to be on a major scale and possess the potential to change significantly ysical characteristics of the receiving environment. the major physical transformations , will, turn, effect change on the surrounding ecosystem. industrial investment in a large-scale exper ystem. industrial investment in a large-scale experimental matrix combined with the collation o edictive models of the effects of large-scale artificial marine interventions in northern tempe |
13573 | 9 | ced by critical abiotic factors such as temperature, salinity and nutrient load. experiments un
al abiotic factors such as temperature, salinity and nutrient load. experiments under carefully ditions will allow us to understand how community dynamics, population dynamics and community f s to understand how community dynamics, population dynamics and community functioning can evolv unity dynamics, population dynamics and community functioning can evolve and be maintained unde particularly prone to be influenced by climate change because of its close connection with the terrestrial systems surrounding it. the recovery and resilience of the baltic sea is, of course teria play a crucial role in the marine environment, especially in systems with a strong influe ems with a strong influence by input of energy and matter from land and rivers, like the baltic |
167 | 3 | ons but rather they are descriptive and model based. however, the links between ecosystem eleme
model based. however, the links between ecosystem elements and processes can only be tested exp role of these processes in more complex ecosystems. |
10128 | 8 | marine coastal ecosystems are among the most productive and diverse co
and geochemical processes within marine ecosystems are important for regulating climate, nutrie ecosystems are important for regulating climate, nutrient cycling and the food chain. marine ec ient cycling and the food chain. marine ecosystems provide humans with many resources such as d ources such as drinking water, food and oxygen, as well as absorbing gases, such as carbon diox en, as well as absorbing gases, such as carbon dioxide , and therefore to identify those combin efore to identify those combinations of temperature and co2 for which we can be most and least cerning the potential impacts of future environmental change. |
10245 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
10512 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
11471 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
11520 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
11796 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
9981 | 21 | ocean biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems are an important part of the earth system -
d biological processes, which shape the environment at the earth s surface. these biogeochemica y and how it will respond to changes in climate and ocean circulation, the increased complexity te and ocean circulation, the increased complexity brings with it the penalty that many more pa ey are working - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem - or what is the optimum complexity of model required to address a given problem. we are propo veral groups involved in biogeochemical modelling in the uk. currently, the groups work separat ng a different place on the spectrum of complexity sketched above. in marquest they will co-ope . we will also examine more fundamental modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with modelling approaches to the planktonic ecosystem, with the aim of clarifying what we can expec we can expect from the current types of model. new research outputs from marquest will include: outputs from marquest will include: the development of new methods of validating models, making ods of validating models, making use of remote sensing ocean colour data, in-situ data sets and and euroceans: comparison of different ecosystem models run in the same circulation codes: dev dels run in the same circulation codes: development of a module to simulate the coastal ecosyst ent of a module to simulate the coastal ecosystems, but useable in global ocean biogeochemical guided by data assimilation into which ecosystem simulations can be embedded. this will enable this will enable detailed comparison of ecosystem models with observations over recent decades, omponents of the sink for anthropogenic carbon dioxide. we will also make best estimates of the we will also make best estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide flux estimates of the evolution of the co2, oxygen and di-methylsuiphide fluxes from ocean to atmos |
12437 | 4 | ability and change • module 2: regional ecosystems functioning • module 3: spatial and temporal
ral dynamics • module 4: governance and ecosystem management key customer purpose: there are co ere are concerns over widespread marine ecosystem change as a result of human activity, especia is a key time for an initiative of this nature in terms of both research area and funding deliv |
2110 | 16 | oposal is to determine the influence of climate variability and change on the energy transfer i
f climate variability and change on the energy transfer in the marine pelagic ecosystem in diff e energy transfer in the marine pelagic ecosystem in different water masses on the west coast o n. the project will compare the pelagic food webs in fronts involving arw and aw masses in this d aw masses in this high arctic region. climate change effects can be studied in kongsfjorden b flux and dynamics of aw and arw. a cold climate scenario would result from less influx of aw to mes in west-spitsbergen, whereas a warm climate scenario would occur because of an increased in ns is the main mechanism regulating the distribution and size structure of the zooplankton comm n and size structure of the zooplankton community, and that changes in size and energy content community, and that changes in size and energy content of key zooplankton prey will influence t key zooplankton prey will influence the energy transfer in the pelagic food web with consequenc ence the energy transfer in the pelagic food web with consequences for growth and survival of l pelagic food web with consequences for growth and survival of little auks and kittiwake chicks seabirds require access to abundant and energy-rich zooplankton and pelagic fish in order to ra der to raise their chicks successfully. climate related changes in water masses would be expect anges in their prey base and associated energy flow. cruises and field work will be conducted i |
2138 | 1 | of hypoxic water and to what extent the oxygen store in the swim bladder can be used for extend
|
7459 | 2 | to further our knowledge of how marine ecosystems will respond to combinations of multiple cli
ill respond to combinations of multiple climate change and anthropogenic drivers. with an empha |
2178 | 18 | the climate of the north atlantic and arctic oceans will un
go rapid changes over the next century. climate influences many important ecosystem drivers whi tury. climate influences many important ecosystem drivers which will change marine biogeochemic iogeochemical and ecological processes, ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. merclim will pr cal new understanding on the impacts of climate change on the structure and functioning of mari the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems by means of an assessment of the role of dom f an assessment of the role of dominant ecosystem drivers. merclim will have a specific focus o iogeochemical cycling, food quality and energy/carbon flow through ecosystems from inorganic ch emical cycling, food quality and energy/carbon flow through ecosystems from inorganic chemistry quality and energy/carbon flow through ecosystems from inorganic chemistry through phytoplankt zooplankton, and bacteria to export and sedimentation, assessing consequences for food availabi m will assess how decadal to centennial climate change will promote ecosystem modifications due centennial climate change will promote ecosystem modifications due to changes in marine climat modifications due to changes in marine climate . these drivers are hypothesised to have a sign have a significant degree of control on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. a major focus o m will be the optimisation, testing and climate-driver-scenario simulations of a predictive pro rio simulations of a predictive process model. the project has high societal relevance and will rch and policy efforts to manage marine ecosystems |
12381 | 5 | r&d needed long term data on the marine environment are limited, however this data a necessity
ective. the data provided by the marine environmental change network in 2007-2009 will feed int bill, water framework directive, marine climate change impact partnership, uk marine monitoring strategy, charting progress 2, natural environment strategy summary objectives the aim of the aims to; promote and expand the marine environmental change network, seek funding avenues for |
10588 | 5 | test theory linking life histories with population dynamics, making use of the large body of da
ity analyses and measures of population stability and resilience to predict the vulnerability a responses of populations to changes in mortality. theoretical predictions will be tested with with analyses of temporal trends in the abundance of exploited populations subject to known lev populations subject to known levels of mortality. phylogenetically based statistics will be us |
13329 | 4 | ns related to the functioning of marine ecosystems and to the biology of marine organisms. with
his will involve the dedication and the development of common research infrastructures, both in s, leading to various microbial, algal, evolution development and diversity, and fish and shell to various microbial, algal, evolution development and diversity, and fish and shellfish nodes |
1994 | 5 | . this rather scarce and unknown marine ecosystem is found in several disconnected island natio
ies for fundamental studies on holocene evolution in marine taxa, which typically lack fossil r n order to investigate the variation in community composition within and outside of the lakes. lecular analyses to assess the level of connectivity and divergence between populations of thre servation measures for these vulnerable ecosystems. |
12573 | 5 | ll combine stable isotope analysis with growth data derived from scale increment analysis to as
analysis with growth data derived from scale increment analysis to assess linkages between con ss linkages between conditions of ocean productivity and growth, and use satellite-based observ en conditions of ocean productivity and growth, and use satellite-based observation data and oc stocks will respond and be affected by climate change. |
12430 | 2 | ot cause harm to the coastal and marine environment. the descriptor to be researched in this pr
the quantities of litter in the marine environment, the major processes that control the entry |
12431 | 7 | at plastic debris is fragmenting in the environment and that microscopic pieces of common polym
re now present on shorelines worldwide. production of plastics has grown exponentially in recen t cause harm to organisms in the marine environment. the plan of work and the objectives below sorb contaminants present in the marine environment, which contaminants are of concern, and are tics persist after ageing in the marine environment and whether they are made bioavailable on i how microplastics are passed on through food web interactions and what the implications are for he implications are for populations and ecosystems. 4. research to determine the extent to whic |
10099 | 3 | d location accuracy at sea, sub-optimal energy efficiency and high cost. our dual development a
ion accuracy at sea, sub-optimal energy efficiency and high cost. our dual development addresse ergy efficiency and high cost. our dual development addresses these problems. the phone tag use |
11370 | 1 | ct cloud formation and influence global climate. however, only ca. 10% of the dms produced in t
|
11042 | 3 | otopes. in summary, the analyses of the model organism, and its enzymes and genes of dms degrad
n of these insights to organisms in the environment will greatly enhance our understanding of h important for the regulation of global climate. |
12333 | 2 | ata layers as they become available; to review webgis access systems currently available for ma
nd a detailed scope to take forward the development of the recommended option for mpa planning |
12408 | 13 | determine impacts and benefits of large-scale marine renewable energy projects to enable defra
enefits of large-scale marine renewable energy projects to enable defra to demonstrate the bene o technologically driven science in the energy arena: lead and deliver the environmental scienc ience needed to inform marine renewable energy deployment in the context of other requirements utcomes, technical capability and tools development to support the renewable energy sector in g ls development to support the renewable energy sector in general and the wave energy sector in e energy sector in general and the wave energy sector in particular. there are critical questio al questions which must be addressed as development of renewable energy resources from the mari e addressed as development of renewable energy resources from the marine system progresses: 1 c rom the marine system progresses: 1 can ecosystems continue to deliver essential life supportin tial life supporting services when wave energy is extracted from the marine system 2 what is th t of the consequences / impacts of wave energy extraction on ecosystem services 3 is there a ba / impacts of wave energy extraction on ecosystem services 3 is there a balance to be struck. |
10392 | 3 | cience strategy, particularly in marine ecosystem functioning, the sustainable use of the marin
stainable use of the marine and coastal environment s natural resources, impacts of contaminant resources, impacts of contaminants and climate change, and, as described above, all with an em |
10335 | 2 | ur group, employing a compound-specific carbon isotope approach, revealed a new marine dietary
approach, revealed a new marine dietary indicator, thereby emphasising the potential gains of e |
15300 | 2 | fluencing this behaviour are known. the recovery of trout populations requires a detailed under
ng of their biology and, like most fish recovery programs, depends on a hatchery culture period |
12664 | 4 | a uk marine trophic index is listed for development in the eu/cbd focal areaecosystem integrity
u/cbd focal areaecosystem integrity and ecosystems goods and services' and the uk biodiversity agreed to develop and report on marine ecosystem integrity. the work will allow the uk to repo the uk to report against this headline indicator and will be published in 2008. |
2470 | 4 | , the uk and the netherlands to assess, model and further the predictive understanding of chang
nges in the trophodynamic structure and function within the north sea relative to the different ea relative to the different drivers of ecosystem change. drivers include those acting via clim hange. drivers include those acting via climate change and variability as well as those acting |
2469 | 17 | of marine animal and plant geographical distribution along the shores of western europe and the
raphy of west europe became one where a succession of ranges begin or end along the stretch of n limits along that same gradient. if a warming process of the north atlantic and the mediterra antic and the mediterranean occurs on a scale that follows that predicted for the global warmin t follows that predicted for the global warming, we are to expect local extinctions of the less ge and local extinction or decreases in abundance in cold temperate species in the south. in ad uth. in addition, a rise in sea surface temperature will not only affect the occurrence of part ence of particular species but also the ecosystem as a whole as the complex nature of tropho-dy the ecosystem as a whole as the complex nature of tropho-dynamic interactions and diversity pat ine species is therefore constrained by climate, but the effects of climate on population perfo strained by climate, but the effects of climate on population performance at the limits of thei daries remain poorly known. the extreme richness of the atlanto-mediterranean area makes it a n terms, the present situation of decadal-scale climate regime changes provides a unique opportun the present situation of decadal-scale climate regime changes provides a unique opportunity to g of the characteristics of the genetic traits that mark expanding marine populations. many stu ogeographic, historical demographic and food web related tools to compare the patterns detected et species which may suggest changes in abundance during the study period. in addition, the tro |
6946 | 2 | iversity and ability to cope with local environment. in the light of these facts, it is not sur
imals and stocks with rare and valuable traits is increasing throughout europes poultry breedin |
7398 | 2 | rsity. the objective of the multi-agent modeling is to formalize mechanisms to better understan
thodology relies on sorghum in mali but model validation based on an iterative process with a r |
10140 | 4 | ata, remotely-sensed data and numerical model output. there needs to be greater integration of
ing and minimise errors associated with modelling the earth system. this can take a number of f this can take a number of forms such as model validation, data assimilation, quality controllin ces between a set of observations and a model. they may then visualise the results of this eith |
11810 | 4 | ata, remotely-sensed data and numerical model output. there needs to be greater integration of
ing and minimise errors associated with modelling the earth system. this can take a number of f this can take a number of forms such as model validation, data assimilation, quality controllin ces between a set of observations and a model. they may then visualise the results of this eith |
10784 | 1 | ced by selection for reduced ability of predators to detect individuals when older and larger.
|
10559 | 1 | ced by selection for reduced ability of predators to detect individuals when older and larger.
|
10941 | 13 | nstantly is unlikely to get caught by a predator, but then such an animal will never feed and s
rve, but may be caught by surprise by a predator. animals therefore spend time both avoiding pr mals therefore spend time both avoiding predators and feeding, and how much time they spend doi an individual views both starvation and predation risk is neatly measured by its weight. fat bi tting fat takes time away from avoiding predators and once fat, a bird s ability to fly quickly ing is difficult and thinner birds when predation risk is relatively important such as when haw he relative importance of starvation or predation risk simply from a measure of birds weight an use measuring either starvation risk or predation risk is complicated involving a lot of detail ights of birds to assess starvation and predation risk and so draw conclusions about how they m s that house sparrows are under greater predation risk and this was confirmed because we found t as insurance because of the danger of predators. thus we have gained an insight into the impo ained an insight into the importance of predation and starvation risk in determining house spar ll us what the chance of starvation and predation is for a population of birds on the basis of |
7503 | 3 | rences of fluidity and membrane lipids, resistance to osmotic shock, ph, will, where possible,
ne lipids, resistance to osmotic shock, ph, will, where possible, measured in most species of d eese and guinea fowl. this requires the development of sperm freezing of jars |
10366 | 1 | ith broad research training in ecology, evolution and conservation. emphasis is placed on funda
|
2467 | 12 | we intend to study ecosystem functioning using the match-mismatch hypothes
a framework and three different marine ecosystems with focus on seabirds as examples. the mari cus on seabirds as examples. the marine ecosystems chosen - the southern ocean, the barents sea ela upwelling - are highly sensitive to climate variability, and the two latter are important f , using seabirds, which are among these ecosystems' main top consumers, as indicators. the main hese ecosystems' main top consumers, as indicators. the main tool will be statistical modelling tors. the main tool will be statistical modelling of french, south-african and russian seabird ological, oceanographic and statistical modelling expertise assembled. our project is also part ue to the major role of these oceans in carbon cycling and the global climate, and because thei oceans in carbon cycling and the global climate, and because their ecosystems are among those w d the global climate, and because their ecosystems are among those with the largest production ystems are among those with the largest production of fish biomass and seabird biodiversity on |
11368 | 9 | some of the clearest signs of global climate change are those associated with shifts in the
fish, is at the centre of the north sea food web being a major consumer of plankton and an impo s may have adversely affected the early development of sandeels. this project aims to bring tog g together researchers working on ocean climate, plankton, sandeels and seabirds to investigate h sea have disrupted vital links in the food web that have altered sandeel growth patterns and the food web that have altered sandeel growth patterns and contributed to long-term changes in dings will help forecast the impacts of climate change on the north sea ecosystem and also be o acts of climate change on the north sea ecosystem and also be of use to the sandeel fishery. th ch areas: earth s life support systems, climate change and sustainable economies. |
10629 | 1 | daphnia will be used as a model system to measure the fitness consequences of alt
|
11608 | 2 | rnal from maternal effects on offspring growth and sex, b investigate the mechanism underlying
s at the mhc on fertility and offspring growth. |
10932 | 1 | by determining the ontogeny of disease resistance in the pups. effects on the female s fitness
|
7307 | 1 | dy of reciprocal influences between the environment and human society is the theme of many nati
|
11082 | 2 | presents a new methodology for studying evolution in host-parasite systems, combining evolution
role of cost-benefit trade-offs in the evolution of host and parasite populations with both co |
11600 | 2 | presents a new methodology for studying evolution in host-parasite systems, combining evolution
role of cost-benefit trade-offs in the evolution of host and parasite populations with both co |
11827 | 4 | ch lies at the interface of ecology and evolution and is focused around two key questions in ev
unsolved problems facing the scientific community over the coming decade highlighted in the 125 ersity of bath where i will work on the development of mathematical models for a range of proje e ecological mechanisms involved in the evolution of diversity and cooperation. the studies wil |
11741 | 1 | a queen in mid air. as such, male-male competition for mating has favoured large males, which
|
10127 | 5 | ke affect their potential to respond to environmental change, as a result of changes in genetic
em occurred in relation to post-glacial colonization to their current distribution area and whe t-glacial colonization to their current distribution area and whether loss of outcrossing mecha gmented as a result of human population growth, the study could have implications for predictin es in population size or restriction of migration between populations as a result of human acti |
12607 | 2 | bleaklow plateau of greenhouse gas and carbon fluxes of peat in different conditions. the over
toration on the bleaklow plateau on the carbon balance of the system. |
10088 | 6 | one species on the other species in the community. we should be able to predict these changes u
be able to predict these changes using food web theory, which give detailed maps of who eats w of interactions among the species of a food web or what these interaction strengths represent. ontents so that we can verify models of food web structure and ecosystem function. in this way verify models of food web structure and ecosystem function. in this way we will enable more acc equences of species loss or invasion on ecosystems to be constructed. |
10224 | 6 | one species on the other species in the community. we should be able to predict these changes u
be able to predict these changes using food web theory, which give detailed maps of who eats w of interactions among the species of a food web or what these interaction strengths represent. ontents so that we can verify models of food web structure and ecosystem function. in this way verify models of food web structure and ecosystem function. in this way we will enable more acc equences of species loss or invasion on ecosystems to be constructed. |
2464 | 4 | . we will address effects of population density and sex ratio on mating system measures and the
rther our understanding of the roles of density and spatial structure in the sexual selection p uences from a recent change in pipefish habitat due to eutrophication and global warming, presu abitat due to eutrophication and global warming, presumably affecting both population densities |
10829 | 4 | it is widely presumed that the need for energy efficiency drives a process of continual optimis
idely presumed that the need for energy efficiency drives a process of continual optimisation i sure the fitness consequences of wasted energy. sight is extremely metabolically expensive and re the relationship between fitness and efficiency in terms of selective disadvantage per waste |
11291 | 3 | known about the genes underlying social traits. experiments in which researchers subject traits
xperiments in which researchers subject traits to artificial selection, combined with modern ge p pinpoint and identify genes for these traits. in future, my group seeks to conduct such exper |
1974 | 3 | eria may be able to use living fungi as growth substrate i.e. analogous to so-called mycoparasi
consequences for fungi of mycoparasitic growth of collimonas. identification of phenotypic char al communities and 4. the mycoparasitic growth potential among soil bacteria. |
14805 | 3 | n signals body condition, experience or dominance status of individuals. this is why in many bi
proach to the problem of plumage signal evolution, investigating aspects related to behavioural therefore, allows for the study of the evolution of signals from a new perspective. |
10081 | 2 | geochemical models of life s origin and evolution. crystalline surfaces, such as the surfaces o
o a detailed examination of the atomic- scale interactions between organic molecules and minera |
10048 | 9 | the sexes use different parts of their environment. ancient greek mythology tells of a nation
o debate, in animals sex differences in habitat use are common and understanding why and how th o understand why the sexes segregate in habitat use. in the 1900 s charles darwin pondered over ales are attacked at different rates by predators. males may be larger and be equipped with wea low them to use habitats with increased predation risk. the second idea suggests that males and sland of trinidad in the carribean as a model system. guppies form relatively small populations rent streams that vary in the number of predators they face. furthermore, guppies can easily be we know that guppies living under high predation risk segregate by sex, with male guppies test level of sex segregation in a standard environment and test the factors thought to drive sex s |
10226 | 9 | the sexes use different parts of their environment. ancient greek mythology tells of a nation
o debate, in animals sex differences in habitat use are common and understanding why and how th o understand why the sexes segregate in habitat use. in the 1900 s charles darwin pondered over ales are attacked at different rates by predators. males may be larger and be equipped with wea low them to use habitats with increased predation risk. the second idea suggests that males and sland of trinidad in the carribean as a model system. guppies form relatively small populations rent streams that vary in the number of predators they face. furthermore, guppies can easily be we know that guppies living under high predation risk segregate by sex, with male guppies test level of sex segregation in a standard environment and test the factors thought to drive sex s |
10896 | 24 | e links between marine biodiversity and ecosystem function indicates that the loss of biodivers
likely to have serious consequences for human well-being. humans derive a variety of important , and other activities that may destroy habitat, pollute, warm and acidify the ocean. maintaini warm and acidify the ocean. maintaining human well-being into the future requires finding ways ure requires finding ways of sustaining ecosystems that are resilient to change, and have the a l resources are managed, taking a whole ecosystem perspective, understanding the interactions b that take place between the drivers of environmental change and the broad spatial and temporal and: 1 the current status of the marine environment; 2 the rate and direction in which it is ch 4 the implications of such changes for environmental goods and services; and 5 the implication ding of drivers and pressures on marine ecosystems, the collection of observations and data ana tion of observations and data analysis, model parameterisation and development, and scenario de ta analysis, model parameterisation and development, and scenario development. to provide alter erisation and development, and scenario development. to provide alternative pathways for sustai he implications of various scenarios on growth and poverty will be explored. these scenarios wi nce local stakeholders understand which ecosystem services are of interest to them and have pre nagement issues and aspirations for the ecosystems. we envisage having 7 work packages: wp1 dri otential future pressures in the marine environment. wp2 mechanisms by which drivers and pressu igate the impacts of the changes on the ecosystem, ecosystem services and their benefits and va mpacts of the changes on the ecosystem, ecosystem services and their benefits and values, and e studies in which empirical research and model development will be conducted to underpin the oth s in which empirical research and model development will be conducted to underpin the other wor pply established and novel analyses and modelling tools to make projections of ecosystem and ec modelling tools to make projections of ecosystem and economic futures. these projections will ctions will examine the implications of mitigation and adaptation. wp7 synthesis - will act as |
1981 | 17 | g the effects on biodiversity of global climate change, of which climatic warming is currently
lobal climate change, of which climatic warming is currently the most pressing threat. in addit he most pressing threat. in addition to habitat-tracking and range shifts, successful adaptatio phenotypic plasticity for the suite of traits associated with temperature adaptation. we under for the suite of traits associated with temperature adaptation. we understand how genetic and p netic and phenotypic correlations among life history traits have been shaped by natural selecti notypic correlations among life history traits have been shaped by natural selection and how th aped by natural selection and how these traits relate to fitness. moreover, for the key traits elate to fitness. moreover, for the key traits underlying the adaptation to the seasonal enviro rganisms are already adapted over their distribution to differences in climate, this project wi er their distribution to differences in climate, this project will use existing clines with lat titude in this butterfly to explore the nature of the genetic and developmental changes that mi t might occur in response to changes in temperature. by comparing populations that differ exten ations that differ extensively in their temperature environment and the association with rainfa differ extensively in their temperature environment and the association with rainfall, we will tiation between the populations for the traits. application of this fully integrated approach w es of potential constraints in adaptive evolution and the rates of evolutionary change, especia |
2077 | 16 | ect the regulation of the rhytmicity of growth and winter dormancy in forest trees and other pe
nial species of the temperate zone. the growth potential and winter survival of such species ar arily based on a close co-ordination of growth and dormancy with the temperature climate. the l ination of growth and dormancy with the temperature climate. the light climate is known to play rowth and dormancy with the temperature climate. the light climate is known to play an importan with the temperature climate. the light climate is known to play an important role in regulatin egulating bud set before the winter and temperature is known to be an important determinant of of dormancy release and bud break. the temperature appears also to affect the induction and de ificance of the interaction between the temperature and the light climate in climatic adaptatio n between the temperature and the light climate in climatic adaptation is scarce, although such iation in dormancy-related processes in nature. the physiological and molecular mechanisms unde of trees and other plants to a changing climate and will contribute to an understanding of the l contribute to an understanding of the evolution of climatic adaptation. the project aims at s project aims at studying the effects of temperature and the interaction between temperature and temperature and the interaction between temperature and photoperiod in regulation of dormancy a otoperiod in regulation of dormancy and growth rhytms in forest trees. the project also aims at |
11443 | 3 | es that the prey species preferred by a predator in one environment may not predict straightfor
species preferred by a predator in one environment may not predict straightforwardly the prefe htforwardly the preferences of the same predator when it is faced with a different range of pre |
14129 | 2 | concentration is limiting for bacterial growth and de novo synthesis of ribosomes is energetica
bosome degradation in the mechanisms of growth inhibition of various antibiotics. we will deter |
6931 | 2 | utation rate and thereby higher genetic stability. this strain could prove to be advantageous i
erve as their replacement within a time scale of 2-5 years. preliminary experiments conducted i |
9846 | 3 | gely supplanted gymnosperms since their evolution in the cretaceous. i will test recent theorie
ow growing as seedlings, by quantifying growth rates along naturally occurring gradients of nut , using the sortie of forest simulation model. |
7124 | 14 | reasingly clear that the current global warming influences ecosystems and, in particular, induc
t the current global warming influences ecosystems and, in particular, induces the movement of . among lepidoptera, gender colias is a model organism to study adaptation to climate changes. a model organism to study adaptation to climate changes. in particular, the program partners ha ct of natural selection related to heat stress and increased thermal stochasticity polymorphism polymorphism of an enzyme that controls metabolism: phosphoglucose isomerase. previous studies ed to an overall pattern of interaction environment / individual / thermal stress which selects tion environment / individual / thermal stress which selects particular genotypic compositions in space by studying species with broad distribution that is to say, present both in the alps a y mountains, but also widespread in the evolution of the genre even lepidoptera at large. we be and in particular to stochasticity and warming, will shed parallel global mechanisms that infl l mechanisms that influence the current distribution and the evolution of this group, besides c luence the current distribution and the evolution of this group, besides classical bio- indicat n of this group, besides classical bio- indicator of many media |
15132 | 2 | aim to reveal mechanistic links between life history, ecological, and behavioral develop and te
approaches to incorporate vulnerability traits into population assessment tools. this knowledge |
218 | 3 | occur in north-estonia. however, their distribution, location in populations, frequency and mo
d for improving the presently uncertain classification of the complex. distribution of yellow f ncertain classification of the complex. distribution of yellow flowered hybrids and their morph |
10620 | 3 | f the best terrestrial archives of past climate data, inferred from climatically-sensitive indi
a, inferred from climatically-sensitive indicators preserved within. the ioannina basin, nw gre eece, contains ca. 430 ka of continuous sediment accumulation and offers a rare opportunity to |
7707 | 3 | difficult economic situation and strong competition for land, viticulture and olive growing mus
and quantified mobilized in territorial development documents. patermed the project develops it ality landscapes, guarantee sustainable development and biodiversity for 16 and mediterranean a |
14165 | 20 | the health of soils and to identify key soil properties which can serve as indicators of soil h
key soil properties which can serve as indicators of soil health has become a major issue for erties which can serve as indicators of soil health has become a major issue for food and timbe es are in operation. opencast oil shale mining is preferred for economics and social reasons an ost suitable for these areas. oil shale mining has altered vast areas in north-east estonia and nues. the heavily disturbed habitats or ecosystems which are developing through succession, the ecosystems which are developing through succession, the assemblage of species may be different ferent from that of the eventual climax community. the development of ecosystem and their succe t of the eventual climax community. the development of ecosystem and their successional process al climax community. the development of ecosystem and their successional processes after mining and their successional processes after mining or afforestation is a complex matter. a true und complex matter. a true understanding of ecosystem development must include above- and below-gro tter. a true understanding of ecosystem development must include above- and below-ground compon which may be replaced by others as the succession progress. a major target for below-ground re ation success is the return of the soil microbial biomass. soil fauna cross a range of trophic s a range of trophic levels and in soil food webs they are often allocated to functional groups l food webs they are often allocated to functional groups based on their feeding habit. the kno n their feeding habit. the knowledge of food web in soil of post-mining and reclaimed areas is e knowledge of food web in soil of post-mining and reclaimed areas is important for improving t main groups of mesofauna hills and post-mining reclaimed and non-reclaimed landscapes. |
11603 | 1 | nd highly precise timescales of coastal environmental change will enable us to identify the ext
|
13840 | 11 | edator can have on an arctic ecological community. within sefalo we remove red foxes in three e
areas of similar size. we will monitor predator and prey populations during winter and summer nd control areas. our main question for predators is if there is an effect from a mesopredator n effect from a mesopredator on smaller predators: the arctic fox, least weasel and stoat. spec and stoat. specifically, we expect the density of small predators to increase when red foxes a fically, we expect the density of small predators to increase when red foxes are removed due to ed foxes are removed due to intra guild predation. for prey populations our main prediction is removal would result in an increase in density of ptarmigans, ducks, waders and passerines. th d passerines. there are both direct and indirect effects that could affect the dynamics of smal dynamics of small rodents. a generalist predator, such as the red fox, can stabilise prey popul ise prey populations, but if specialist predators are essential in the small rodent population |
6935 | 1 | pods around triassic-jurassic boundary; evolution of mesozoic micromorphic forms; eocene microm
|
2038 | 3 | well-known example of a complex marine ecosystem. the approach can support the design of an ef
pecial attention will be devoted to the development of a framework for a contingent valuation i e with respect to the effects of marine ecosystems and biodiversity values provided by the dutc |
11146 | 5 | the carbon cycle in freshwater lake systems comprises two m
tems comprises two main phases: primary production of cellulose colonised in, and subsequently n, and subsequently retrieved from, the environment. we will primarily use rna as our template, ivate the species responsible for their production in the envrionment. it remains inconceivable the field of second generation biofuel production. |
14885 | 2 | ted in the detection of variants of the resistance genes previously identified in the metagenom
matic landscape involved in heavy-metal resistance.another important aspect of this project is |
7289 | 1 | k of environmental science and adaptive evolution of cellular life. however, studies mainly con
|
10554 | 11 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very sm uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very small, single celled organisms, y lab has demonstrated that the in situ community structure of these organisms is fairly comple s, the factors that dictate this global community structure are still poorly defined. this is i icate major domain shifts in planktonic ecosystems and by observing and interpreting their dist factors controlling picocyanobacterial community composition. certainly, little if anything is s. thus, we hypothesise that in oceanic ecosystems genetically distinct picocyanobacteria are r ng elemental quotas as a proxy for what environment a given cell/population of cells is experie u and which are potentially restricting growth rate and/or yield. |
10558 | 11 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very sm uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very small, single celled organisms, y lab has demonstrated that the in situ community structure of these organisms is fairly comple s, the factors that dictate this global community structure are still poorly defined. this is i icate major domain shifts in planktonic ecosystems and by observing and interpreting their dist factors controlling picocyanobacterial community composition. certainly, little if anything is s. thus, we hypothesise that in oceanic ecosystems genetically distinct picocyanobacteria are r ng elemental quotas as a proxy for what environment a given cell/population of cells is experie u and which are potentially restricting growth rate and/or yield. |
11283 | 3 | develop a multi-component thermodynamic model that will allow us to predict the seismic wave ve
predict the seismic wave velocities and density of a wide range of possible core liquids. we wi core liquids. we will then compare the model with actual observations to deduce the identity o |
10309 | 5 | ganic molecules could have attained the complexity observed in even the simplest form of living
living organisms. currently there is no model that can adequately describe a genetic pathway fr es by directly observing their chemical behavior while at high pressure and temperature. struct cal behavior while at high pressure and temperature. structural information will be obtained as ing material of interest. high-pressure-temperature experiments are made in externally heated d |
10019 | 32 | habitat loss and climate change together represent a gr
habitat loss and climate change together represent a great threat to bio ts of formerly more widespread types of vegetation. new approaches are needed to understand and n combination. the complication is that climate change itself alters habitat quality and quanti on is that climate change itself alters habitat quality and quantity, by changing the availabil the cool northern edge of its european distribution in england. as such, it used to be restric o exceptionally hot microclimates . the habitat available to the skipper is a shifting mosaic d w the species to survive and extend its distribution. as the climate changes, this interaction ive and extend its distribution. as the climate changes, this interaction between climate and h imate changes, this interaction between climate and habitat is likely to complicate the process s, this interaction between climate and habitat is likely to complicate the process of conserva he process of conservation planning and habitat management for the many rare species that are n re now restricted to localised areas of habitat in modern landscapes. to date, the feedback loo pes. to date, the feedback loop between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat loop between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated in an and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated in any scientific mod not been incorporated in any scientific modelling framework, but this is required before believ ble projections of species responses to climate change can be made. we will develop a new appro velop a new approach using a population model that incorporates variation over time in climate- hat incorporates variation over time in climate-driven habitat availability. these models will s variation over time in climate-driven habitat availability. these models will be developed us se models will be developed using large-scale data on the british distribution, habitat and pop d using large-scale data on the british distribution, habitat and population sizes of the silve scale data on the british distribution, habitat and population sizes of the silver-spotted skip s against new information on changes in habitat and distribution for the skipper between 2002 a w information on changes in habitat and distribution for the skipper between 2002 and 2010. the pecies distributions as they respond to climate change, and the importance of climate, habitat o climate change, and the importance of climate, habitat and their interactions in explaining t change, and the importance of climate, habitat and their interactions in explaining the rates on actions can alleviate the effects of climate change on biodiversity, and which actions are m his process of adapting conservation to climate change. we will make the software that we devel |
11572 | 32 | habitat loss and climate change together represent a gr
habitat loss and climate change together represent a great threat to bio ts of formerly more widespread types of vegetation. new approaches are needed to understand and n combination. the complication is that climate change itself alters habitat quality and quanti on is that climate change itself alters habitat quality and quantity, by changing the availabil the cool northern edge of its european distribution in england. as such, it used to be restric o exceptionally hot microclimates . the habitat available to the skipper is a shifting mosaic d w the species to survive and extend its distribution. as the climate changes, this interaction ive and extend its distribution. as the climate changes, this interaction between climate and h imate changes, this interaction between climate and habitat is likely to complicate the process s, this interaction between climate and habitat is likely to complicate the process of conserva he process of conservation planning and habitat management for the many rare species that are n re now restricted to localised areas of habitat in modern landscapes. to date, the feedback loo pes. to date, the feedback loop between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat loop between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated between climate and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated in an and the landscape-scale distribution of habitat has not been incorporated in any scientific mod not been incorporated in any scientific modelling framework, but this is required before believ ble projections of species responses to climate change can be made. we will develop a new appro velop a new approach using a population model that incorporates variation over time in climate- hat incorporates variation over time in climate-driven habitat availability. these models will s variation over time in climate-driven habitat availability. these models will be developed us se models will be developed using large-scale data on the british distribution, habitat and pop d using large-scale data on the british distribution, habitat and population sizes of the silve scale data on the british distribution, habitat and population sizes of the silver-spotted skip s against new information on changes in habitat and distribution for the skipper between 2002 a w information on changes in habitat and distribution for the skipper between 2002 and 2010. the pecies distributions as they respond to climate change, and the importance of climate, habitat o climate change, and the importance of climate, habitat and their interactions in explaining t change, and the importance of climate, habitat and their interactions in explaining the rates on actions can alleviate the effects of climate change on biodiversity, and which actions are m his process of adapting conservation to climate change. we will make the software that we devel |
13772 | 6 | wood items of different durability, as habitat patch durability obviously affects the colonisa
parameterise a colonisation-extinction model - the incidence function model - and modification sation-extinction model - the incidence function model - and modifications of that model, which tinction model - the incidence function model - and modifications of that model, which all requ ction model - and modifications of that model, which all require snapshot data on presence/abse nto consideration the age of individual habitat patches and assume different dispersal function |
10887 | 11 | that life on earth is reliant on plant production driven by the sun s energy. there was a grea
on plant production driven by the sun s energy. there was a great deal of interest in 1977 when hs of the pacific to reveal significant production, indeed whole communities, far below the inf fuelled, not by light, but by chemical energy from the core of the earth itself. such a mode o lly be the case. we measured the stable carbon isotope values of common aquatic invertebrates . identified such alternative fuelling of food webs before in stagnant lakes but not in pristine ot in pristine chalk rivers. of course, methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and the more we kn ut how it is produced and cycled in the environment, the better. what could be even more exciti he prospect that the original source of methane in groundwater fed rivers is both a subsidy to ate is made up in part by 100+ year old carbon, then this would change our perception of the ec from queen mary university of london in stable isotopes and biogeochemical cycling, with the ex |
11236 | 6 | methane will facilitate communication between these gro
agenda to include the uk international community. this will be done through a series of high p n of a series of biennial international methane conferences. these broad general meetings will power of social networking to allow the community to gel. two specialist journal volumes are pl ly embedded in the uk and international methane community and covers all relevant areas through ded in the uk and international methane community and covers all relevant areas through 5 work |
179 | 2 | ture as well as for commercial inoculum development with applications in agriculture, ornamenta
ations in agriculture, ornamental plant production and landscaping. |
7270 | 2 | f synchronic analysis to understand the evolution of the bay willapa two centuries. once develo
once developed, the system's operating model will be confronted and validated through the coll |
455 | 1 | sustainable and environmental friendly development. this project links a fofifa team with a te
|
12020 | 5 | the microbes project studied soil ecosystem services, in particular the decomposition of
l ecosystem services, in particular the decomposition of organic matter showed constraints on a ces, in particular the decomposition of organic matter showed constraints on adopting new pract the invisible biological components of production systems should, therefore, be publicized bef refore, be publicized before taking any development measures aimed at maintaining or improving |
7486 | 5 | ed to be systematically removed. at the production level, unpredictable larval survival and lar
llion of years between the host and the microbial community. hence, we need to understand the m different components of the aquaculture ecosystem. the work packages are directed towards the s ation in relation to the axis host-host microbial community-system microbial community. it is a is host-host microbial community-system microbial community. it is anticipated that this novel |
13938 | 2 | c findings document that in the natural environment bacterial dispersal is faster and occurs ov
ogical question such as biogeographical distribution of bacteria, but it also poses elements of |
15373 | 7 | of extreme habitats in which their high salinity and other factors such as the temperature or p
salinity and other factors such as the temperature or ph, may influence the biodiversity of th ther factors such as the temperature or ph, may influence the biodiversity of the organisms tha s focused on their ecology, physiology, metabolism, genetics or biotechnological potential have biotechnological potential of the true microbial community of these habitats is unknown. the a metagenomic approach, on a hypersaline environment, a multi-pond solar saltern located on the quencing, from a pond with intermediate salinity of about 25-28% total salts. the detailed anal |
13523 | 11 | ations among microbes, plants, and soil function are complex and poorly understood. studies of
d as much, or more, of the variation in microbial community as ph did. microbial community comp the variation in microbial community as ph did. microbial community composition and n mineralis ation in microbial community as ph did. microbial community composition and n mineralisation wa icrobial community as ph did. microbial community composition and n mineralisation was strongly terminates this flux, affected a fungal plfa as much as high n-supply did. here, i want to expl abeled with 13c, with the variations in community structure occurring along a natural forest nu atural forest nutrient supply and plant productivity gradient. at these sites and experiments, c from double-labeled amino acids into microbial biomass and specific plfas. in the large-scal iomass and specific plfas. in the large-scale canopy 13c labeling experiment i will have a uniq eled photosynthate c into the different functional groups in the soil. molecular methods will p |
10633 | 2 | ng global causes of human morbidity and mortality. set within an ecological framework, this cas
this case studentship will focus on the community ecology of microbial infections within the lu |
172 | 7 | sediment resuspension is one of the most characteristic
eatly enriched in organic and inorganic nutrients as compared to the surrounding water. therefo ental cycles of turbid and shallow lake ecosystems. aims of the study are: -to compare of micro e of microbial communities of the upper sediment layer, community attached to resuspended parti ommunities of the upper sediment layer, community attached to resuspended particles and free-li ecological role in nutrient cycling and organic matter turnover. results of the proposed projec important for understanding the lakes’s productivity, for understanding of elemental cycles in |
11761 | 3 | hanges to environmental factors such as temperature and the availability of liquid water. knowi
will be based is responding fastest to climate changes and is an important indicator of change to climate changes and is an important indicator of change for the rest of the world. |
14936 | 5 | ditions, as may derive from a change in climate, could result in the extinction of the microbio
intend to study lithobiontic, microbial ecosystems in extreme environments, such as those found actors that facilitate the presence and growth of microbial life in such micro-habitats. we wil ll also provide continuous and detailed climate data in areas very sensitive to global climate data in areas very sensitive to global climate change, such as deserts. finally, this multidis |
10719 | 12 | ove ground, movile cave harbours a rich ecosystem with nearly 50 different species of cave-adap
f pigment, indicating a long history of evolution underground. the cave is fed by thermal sulfi can enter the cave. therefore this rich ecosystem has to be driven by primary production of org h ecosystem has to be driven by primary production of organic carbon made by non-photosythetic driven by primary production of organic carbon made by non-photosythetic bacteria in the cave. ve and on the cave walls contain active methane and sulfur oxidising bacteria which must be dri ain by eating other invertebrates. this environment can be considered an extreme environment . nvironment can be considered an extreme environment . on top of this we can detect in the same fish-labelled cells the heavy, 13c from methane and carbon dioxide that we fed the cells using d cells the heavy, 13c from methane and carbon dioxide that we fed the cells using the raman mi er time we can follow the course of the carbon through the microbial food web in movile cave. rse of the carbon through the microbial food web in movile cave. |
2486 | 11 | ontains large amounts of stored organic carbon which constitute a source for release of climate
hich constitute a source for release of climate gases. degradation of organic carbon involves a f climate gases. degradation of organic carbon involves a consortium of microbial phyla represe l phyla representing a huge genetic and functional diversity. the project aims at exploring the oject aims at exploring the genomic and functional diversity of soil microbial communities, wit obial communities, with emphasis on key functional groups involved in methane production, and s is on key functional groups involved in methane production, and studies of the communities resp y functional groups involved in methane production, and studies of the communities responses to studies of the communities responses to temperature changes. this will be addressed in field an t to integrate studies on structure and function of microbial communities in high arctic enviro oil-atmosphere models for high latitude ecosystems and a deeper insight in the unexplored micro |
15475 | 1 | rs and other fractions of the microbial food web. the results of this proposal will shed light
|
15247 | 2 | f the previous three pn projects in the environment in where s. ruber thrives, and in its front
e s. ruber thrives, and in its frontier-ecosystems as a possible pool of transferable dna. |
11734 | 2 | analysis will be used to determine the temperature at which different parts of shell of hydrot
ology of vent gastropods in relation to temperature and identify if the larva of vent gastropod |
1091 | 1 | morphological, behavioural and genetic traits have been already documented in a large array of
|
9918 | 1 | fication and concomitant effects on the environment. tem analysis of phytodebris, hitherto not
|
7019 | 1 | cks should provide a testing ground for development of identification methods, which will be ne
|
12428 | 5 | s harm from microplastics in the marine environment for the marine strategy framework directive
y framework directive . this literature review can be shaped to fit policy needs to better unde st effective way an in depth literature review on microplastics in the marine environment and d e review on microplastics in the marine environment and developing our understanding of ‘harm. eloping our understanding of ‘harm. the review will set out the bench mark of current scientifi |
12559 | 2 | hunters. previous defra-funded projects ph0316 and ph0408 have developed robust micropropagatio
evious defra-funded projects ph0316 and ph0408 have developed robust micropropagation technique |
14169 | 13 | disturbance regimes, and how climate change alters these, are of particular importan
, are of particular importance to stand development. comprehension of regeneration patterns in to predict the long-term structure and production dynamics of a forest stand. the main aim of ffering substrate and micro-relief, the abundance, composition, population dynamics and growth cro-relief, the abundance, composition, population dynamics and growth of post-disturbance and e, composition, population dynamics and growth of post-disturbance and advance natural regenera of classical morphometrical methods in growth analysis of trees and the assessment of the phot otosynthesis process, which is a direct indicator of the growth dynamics of young trees, will b ess, which is a direct indicator of the growth dynamics of young trees, will be used to test th nd structure. linking establishment and growth rate to wood decomposition, nutrient cycling and g establishment and growth rate to wood decomposition, nutrient cycling and decay fluxes may he lti-purpose forestry must be based on a model having reliable predicting capacity with realisti ecological interactions included in it. development of new regeneration methods for the forestr |
10278 | 10 | s, and from the emergence and spread of resistance of the malaria parasites and their mosquito
are effective that emerges. furthermore resistance is generally costly in the sense that it aff stly in the sense that it affects other traits, e.g. increasing larval resistance could decreas ts other traits, e.g. increasing larval resistance could decrease biting rate or adult longevit rate or adult longevity. luckily, these traits are epidemiologically more relevant than larval response may well reduce transmission. evolution of resistance may well be inevitable, but fai well reduce transmission. evolution of resistance may well be inevitable, but failure of contr proach is that it does not try to block evolution, but relies on the difference between epidemi iologically and evolutionarily relevant traits to use evolution in an epidemiologically positiv d evolutionarily relevant traits to use evolution in an epidemiologically positive way. |
7455 | 8 | objectives and content the use of high efficiency power devices based on silicon or gallium ar
ority research task is to establish the growth of device-quality materials. while the growth of of device-quality materials. while the growth of gan for blue leds has progressed rapidly in r yet clear which is the most appropriate growth technique. with bulk gan not yet available, ther specialist experience in all realistic growth methods and covers all practical choices for sub th a major objective of the mid-project review being a detailed recommendation on the most appr combination. the second priority is the development of process technology for these materials, ificant new aspects due to the chemical stability of gan and the high temperatures at which it |
10566 | 1 | o whole plants which were competing for dominance during the transition from non-leafy to leafy
|
1955 | 11 | climate-change leads to advancement in tree-phonology i
and a subsequent advancement in insect-abundance. most temperate breeding bird species are for highly dependent on this peak in insect-abundance, and most, but not all, bird-species have adv dvancement of their laving-dates, since climate changes may not occur on their wintering ground not have the right cues to start spring migration at the appropriate time when climate changes, migration at the appropriate time when climate changes, and hence may arrive too late in their breeding areas to profit from the food-abundance in spring. this is a possible reason why many viour in adjusting their laving date to climate changes at temperate regions. we aim to study b utcome of these effects will be used to model population dynamics and hence the likelihood of d of these effects will be used to model population dynamics and hence the likelihood of decline ikelihood of decline to extinction. the model species used in this project is the pied flycatch |
14738 | 2 | rd. in seabirds, the study of migratory connectivity is crucial to understand the impact of thr
ct of spanish longliners on the seabird community by boarding observers on longliners and colle |
12211 | 1 | ses resulting from 91/414 eec pesticide review and customer pressure is reducing selective herb
|
12520 | 3 | oordination and knowledge transfer wp2: development of principles for animal health and welfare
lication of animal based parameters for evaluation of animal health and welfare in dairy cattle health and welfare in dairy cattle and development of animal based parameters for calves, and |
13607 | 3 | l spectrum of social rationality in the development and subsequent evaluation of public policy.
ality in the development and subsequent evaluation of public policy. nowhere is this challenge institutional practices associated with participation in the programs. |
6742 | 1 | ossil material we give new data for the development of the continental faunas and the change of
|
7041 | 3 | research project p 13741 miocene ecosystem changes in the e-alps - leaf assemlages johan
modem geodynamic. investigations of the evolution of the eastern alpine region have partly unra que starting point to study terrestrial ecosystem changes in the context of geodynamic processe |
13874 | 8 | t substrate and are therefore sensitive indicators of the environment. we assemble field and li
e therefore sensitive indicators of the environment. we assemble field and literature data on h e assemble field and literature data on habitat requirements of peatland bryophytes and develop oring. with these new data and methods, indicators can help to explain the reasons for recent c reasons for recent changes in peatland vegetation and strengthen the monitoring in the natura peat stratigraphy. published lists with indicator values are subjective and at best semiquantit o the european and respond similarly to environment, and n american data can be included. for a ronmental variables. the application of indicator values is often used with primitive statistic |
15510 | 3 | mistletoes how is modified the vegetation diversity, spatial structure and successiona
rs, and may induce different direct and indirect effects on the community, is important to obta rent direct and indirect effects on the community, is important to obtain results under control |
14139 | 1 | st aim of the project is to analyse and review seal-fisheries conflicts in estonian coastal fis
|
15155 | 1 | ginate from normal cells where cellular respiration has sustained damage is not new, in recent
|
15356 | 3 | rial environments, and are an excellent model system to study and understand the evolutionary m
hin each group will be characterized by mapping different aspects of their natural history onto al gene order rearrangements during the evolution of gastropods. |
12061 | 8 | global climate change and other human-induced pressures on the
nd other human-induced pressures on the environment have been triggering deep and rapid changes en triggering deep and rapid changes in habitat structure and quality. in order to survive, liv ewly colonized areas. understanding how habitat structure affects organisms is a difficult task consequently, predicting how changes in habitat will affect the presence and distribution of or in habitat will affect the presence and distribution of organisms over time becomes daunting. h es from extinction, either by improving habitat quality or by facilitating the colonization of habitat quality or by facilitating the colonization of newly available habitats. recently, pre |
12021 | 8 | or anthropic factors in a heterogeneous environment. better management practices of highly mobi
ing parameters of wildlife mobility and distribution pattern, in a heterogeneous environment, u istribution pattern, in a heterogeneous environment, using african buffalo and european bear as of cubs, human disturbance, topography, vegetation. for buffaloes, the pattern of herd movement coupled with the effects of inter-herd competition for space. contiguous but overlapping, neit behavioral and functional approaches to habitat selection when the spatio-temporal heterogeneit itat selection when the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of environments supports, alternately or se a management tool based upon maps of habitat classified according their importance for bears |
2003 | 25 | he analysis of the long-term effects of climate change on bog ecosystems requires a model that
g-term effects of climate change on bog ecosystems requires a model that includes interactions ate change on bog ecosystems requires a model that includes interactions between plant species een plant species and feedbacks between vegetation, hydrology and soil. we recently developed a ecies and feedbacks between vegetation, hydrology and soil. we recently developed a process-bas . we recently developed a process-based model describing the plant species composition and carb ibing the plant species composition and carbon accumulation of peat bogs in relation to changes of peat bogs in relation to changes in climate and environment. this model is the first model s in relation to changes in climate and environment. this model is the first model for bog ecos hanges in climate and environment. this model is the first model for bog ecosystems that includ nd environment. this model is the first model for bog ecosystems that includes vegetation dynam . this model is the first model for bog ecosystems that includes vegetation dynamics. however, model for bog ecosystems that includes vegetation dynamics. however, the current version of th cs. however, the current version of the model has limited possibilities due to large uncertaint validating and applying this nucom-bog model. data on properties of the sphagnum species, such f the sphagnum species, such as minimum nitrogen requirements, decomposition rates and evaporat such as minimum nitrogen requirements, decomposition rates and evaporation characteristics, su project 2, will be used to improve the model. next, data on the historic species composition a on the historic species composition and carbon accumulation, supplied by project 1, will be use , will be used to validate the improved model by comparing model output with data from the peat alidate the improved model by comparing model output with data from the peat cores for the past cores for the past 300 years for which climate input data are available. finally, the model wi input data are available. finally, the model will be applied to analyse the long-term effects ied to analyse the long-term effects of climate change on plant species composition and carbon change on plant species composition and carbon sequestration in bogs, both in the past and in t |
438 | 2 | research contract ifb-gicc aimed at the development of bio-economic models for the diagnostic a
the diagnostic and viable management of ecosystems and their usages in a perspective of global |
7192 | 2 | increasing agricultural productivity in plants during the last five decades has
c expertise pesticides, agriculture and environment. in conclusion, this project highlights a s |
7679 | 2 | s of biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services , statisticians with expertise in de
isticians with expertise in demographic modeling, biologists with expertise in large mammals, e |
10408 | 20 | help fill knowledge gaps related to how climate change will impact provisioning and regulatory
will impact provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services; how these changes might affect rura icy relevant research on the impacts of climate change on ecosystem services and rural liveliho rch on the impacts of climate change on ecosystem services and rural livelihoods. our research ll be conducted at four sites where the ecosystem services provided by forests and hydrological nd are at risk of major disruption from climate change. these sites include the great ruaha riv will develop systems dynamic models of climate, ecosystem services and rural livelihoods in th elop systems dynamic models of climate, ecosystem services and rural livelihoods in these lands on of synergies and trade-offs in these ecosystem services under various management regimes. th hood interactions related to fisheries, energy, agriculture, sanitation and tourism, and to a r llowing us to conduct both quantitative modeling and qualitative research with the greatest eff rch with the greatest effectiveness and efficiency. through a series of informal preparatory me esearch program to assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem services provision and loca assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem services provision and local livelihoods. thr rchers with the skills needed to assess climate change impacts on ecosystem services and rural ded to assess climate change impacts on ecosystem services and rural livelihoods for informing levant research is critical for guiding development decisions that enhance local and national r l, economic and social shocks linked to climate change. as a result of this proposed program, o ons will be better prepared to adapt to climate change and to manage ecosystem services for the o adapt to climate change and to manage ecosystem services for the benefit of the rural poor. |
11413 | 20 | help fill knowledge gaps related to how climate change will impact provisioning and regulatory
will impact provisioning and regulatory ecosystem services; how these changes might affect rura icy relevant research on the impacts of climate change on ecosystem services and rural liveliho rch on the impacts of climate change on ecosystem services and rural livelihoods. our research ll be conducted at four sites where the ecosystem services provided by forests and hydrological nd are at risk of major disruption from climate change. these sites include the great ruaha riv will develop systems dynamic models of climate, ecosystem services and rural livelihoods in th elop systems dynamic models of climate, ecosystem services and rural livelihoods in these lands on of synergies and trade-offs in these ecosystem services under various management regimes. th hood interactions related to fisheries, energy, agriculture, sanitation and tourism, and to a r llowing us to conduct both quantitative modeling and qualitative research with the greatest eff rch with the greatest effectiveness and efficiency. through a series of informal preparatory me esearch program to assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem services provision and loca assess the impact of climate change on ecosystem services provision and local livelihoods. thr rchers with the skills needed to assess climate change impacts on ecosystem services and rural ded to assess climate change impacts on ecosystem services and rural livelihoods for informing levant research is critical for guiding development decisions that enhance local and national r l, economic and social shocks linked to climate change. as a result of this proposed program, o ons will be better prepared to adapt to climate change and to manage ecosystem services for the o adapt to climate change and to manage ecosystem services for the benefit of the rural poor. |
10543 | 15 | at the 2002 world summit on sustainable development that exploit commercially-important fish st
tant fish stocks in the north sea. this model will be used to investigate the impacts of differ nt management options on the individual predators and on the ecosystem. in particular, we will on the individual predators and on the ecosystem. in particular, we will focus on the implicat changes in the management of the marine environment that are outlined in the white paper on the d marine bill. we will use an operating model approach that describes three different sets of p ent management scenarios. the operating model will be developed in two phases. a set of functio haddock, whiting and herring and their abundance at a particular spatial location. a set of ag e responses will be used to predict the distribution of fishing effort and seal foraging over s ffort and seal foraging over space. the modelling process will be facilitated by similarities b between the foraging strategies of the predators and the ways in which information on their be ng it. we will focus on a subset of the predators whose foraging is constrained by the need to lony in the north sea. finally, we will model the way in which new management regimes for marin impacts of these regimes on the spatial distribution of fishing fleets and predators, on their tial distribution of fishing fleets and predators, on their landings and body condition, and on |
7277 | 3 | erosion of biodiversity in fish: global warming, invasions of species and overfishing. in paral
ability. in this context, we propose to model the evolution of the mediterranean ichthyological n this context, we propose to model the evolution of the mediterranean ichthyological biodivers |
13586 | 3 | pose before and therefore need testing, evaluation and perhaps modification. hence this project
nce this project will result in both an evaluation of the cost-efficiency of the three types of esult in both an evaluation of the cost-efficiency of the three types of set-asides, and in a m |
13767 | 10 | humanity relies upon ecosystem services, however, the human modification of
ces, however, the human modification of ecosystems to increase the supply of food and fiber has s resulted in the decline of many other ecosystem services. now individuals, groups and governm correct this problem by including other ecosystem services in policies and management. however, ovision of a single or a small group of ecosystem services, for example carbon sequestration, w roup of ecosystem services, for example carbon sequestration, without consideration of how chan anagement can alter the supply of other ecosystem services, such as water quality or pollinatio ynamic models of the interactions among ecosystem services. these models will be closely linked nked to three empirical case studies of ecosystem service interactions in human dominated lands sessments that continue the work of the millennium ecosystem assessment. |
11838 | 32 | influencing local, regional and global climate and biogeochemical cycles, contributing ~15% to
contributing ~15% to the annual global carbon sink. climate change, particularly altered preci ~15% to the annual global carbon sink. climate change, particularly altered precipitation regi k. climate change, particularly altered precipitation regimes, is predicted to be a major threa my, understanding the impacts of future environmental change on savannas is critical to their e sustainability or their role as global carbon sinks. despite decades of research, factors regu sts have tended to emphasize tree-grass competition for water, fire-induced bottlenecks to tree to tree establishment, and large mammal herbivory as being the key determinants of savanna stru failed to recreate patterns observed in nature, leading ecologists to seek additional mechanism een overlooked is the role of tree-tree competition. there is a growing recognition that such i es. little is currently known about the nature and importance of competitive interactions betwe impediments imposed by the event-driven nature of their dynamics, where most establishment and dynamics, where most establishment and growth occurs only following episodic rainfall events, rovide a convenient way around the time-scale problem. in the proposed study, we will use a com ation of field work, image analysis and modeling to investigate long-term tree demography in se -term tree demography in selected large-scale experimental plots in the savannas of kruger nati for isolating the effects of rainfall, soil properties and disturbance on savanna tree demogra . specifically, we will investigate how vegetation spatial structure and local neighborhoods in and local neighborhoods influence tree recruitment, growth and mortality, and how the nature o ighborhoods influence tree recruitment, growth and mortality, and how the nature of such intera influence tree recruitment, growth and mortality, and how the nature of such interactions chan ment, growth and mortality, and how the nature of such interactions changes across gradients of across gradients of rainfall, fire and geomorphology. we will use these data to develop a spat se data to develop a spatially explicit model of savannas that integrates the effects of spatia nce on tree demography. we will use the model to explore how future changes in precipitation, a model to explore how future changes in precipitation, as is predicted by many climate models, precipitation, as is predicted by many climate models, might influence the structure and above nfluence the structure and above-ground carbon sequestration potential of different savannas, a spatially explicit processes influences model outcomes and predictions. this work will provide ide new insights into the importance of spatial pattern for savanna ecology, and will help defi uded in comprehensive models of savanna vegetation dynamics if we are to successfully predict t fully predict their responses to future environmental change. |
15234 | 12 | ain goal of this work is to construct a model to describe the relatioship between flushing and
he relatioship between flushing and the development of the planktonic community in hypertrophic g and the development of the planktonic community in hypertrophic systems, taking the albufera ry will be studied in relation with the development of the dominant planktonic species, as well planktonic species, as well as with the density and diversity of the plankton community. we wil e density and diversity of the plankton community. we will deepen in the study of the carbon cy ity. we will deepen in the study of the carbon cycle by analysing the production and decomposit dy of the carbon cycle by analysing the production and decomposition processes and the importan n cycle by analysing the production and decomposition processes and the importance of the micro nges induced by flushing in the trophic food web and specific plankton community composition. w trophic food web and specific plankton community composition. we will additionaly make a recon process and to visualize the planctonic community before last century human impact. the modeliz |
7680 | 12 | nges in use induce changes in landscape distribution: the gradual disappearance of human activi
ctivities on the site of the biological nature reserve of fontainebleau drives changes in ecosy erve of fontainebleau drives changes in ecosystems resulting in a gradual disappearance of the management and maintenance of landscape habitat is under european legislations, the onf is in c in charge to overcome the loss of this habitat and its iconic species such as heather. to do s decade, changing the plant communities distribution. efficient management leans upon regular s nagement leans upon regular surveys and mapping of the plants' dynamics. it has been done manua undertaken have shown the usefulness of remote sensing to produce typologies on larger surfaces e particularly promising to monitor and model changes in surface vegetation types and thus the to monitor and model changes in surface vegetation types and thus the biodiversity associated, biodiversity associated, including the distribution of heather, caluna and molinia. developing ne their evolutionary scenarii based on global change and to adapt their methods of landscape m |
13330 | 9 | ing interlinked and verified predictive modelling tools as well as state-of-the-art effect-asse
cable to european freshwater and marine ecosystems:1to assess, forecast, and mitigate the risks ng pollutants on fresh water and marine ecosystems and their biodiversity at a river basin and ty at a river basin and adjacent marine environment scale, 2to provide early warning strategies r basin and adjacent marine environment scale, 2to provide early warning strategies on the basi tion to stakeholders and the scientific community. this goal shall be achieved by combining inn mbining innovative predictive tools for modelling exposure on a river basin scale including the for modelling exposure on a river basin scale including the estuary and the coastal zone, for m g the estuary and the coastal zone, for modelling effects on higher levels of biological organi |
7676 | 1 | ersity case study because of their dual nature, causing yield loss and acting as pest reser- vo
|
13609 | 7 | the assumption that traits have associated costs as well as benefits is ess
s essential to the understanding of the evolution of defences against consumers. however, for s out a conceptual understanding of algae function it will be difficult to recognize and predict to recognize and predict the effects of environmental change on algal communities and associate acroalgae, and, investigate the role of growth, plant size, and environmental conditions in det ressed through a combined empirical and modelling approach and from this we aim to develop a ne environmental changes that affect algal growth and reproduction. |
10828 | 8 | the project develops two new methods to model influences of climate and habitat variables on uk
two new methods to model influences of climate and habitat variables on uk plant species distr hods to model influences of climate and habitat variables on uk plant species distributions. th entre plant distributions using current climate data along with derivatives of elevation models ives of elevation models, soil maps and land cover data. the comparison of these approaches wil elation in such datasets on bioclimatic modelling efforts to be investigated. the models will t oject plant distributions under varying climate and land use change scenarios. distributions under varying climate and land use change scenarios. |
10120 | 1 | transmission of bovine tuberculosis and population dynamics. the woodchester park project was i
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13972 | 8 | result in cascadic interactions in the ecosystem that may work synergistically with eutrophica
roalgae. our overall hypothesis is that trophic cascade from decreased occurrence of top predat ascade from decreased occurrence of top predators in concert with eutrophication results in exc t with eutrophication results in excess growth of macroalgae in zostera. extensive data sets on es in these biotopes. we will develop a model that describes an undisturbed system. the results undisturbed system. the results of this model will be compared with model simulation where we s lts of this model will be compared with model simulation where we systematically perturb the co supply. to increase the quality of the model and to be able to do realistic perturbations we s |
2183 | 10 | climate profoundly affects ecosystem functioning, as we
climate profoundly affects ecosystem functioning, as well as human populations inh n populations inhabiting and exploiting ecosystems. hence, climate change is likely to have ser iting and exploiting ecosystems. hence, climate change is likely to have serious ecological, ec we propose to develop a complete matrix community model for exploration, quantification and pre to develop a complete matrix community model for exploration, quantification and prediction of ation, quantification and prediction of climate effects on lake ecosystems. lakes are particula d prediction of climate effects on lake ecosystems. lakes are particularly abundant in norway a the world. to date, the consequences of climate change on lake fish communities are very poorly strategies for natural resources under climate change. |
13771 | 3 | e forestry is to investigate the future development of populations given different forestry sce
ngle survey to develop a metapopulation model for a species with slow dynamics. however, data o collect data for evaluating whether the model developed is applicable in a managed forest lands |
14125 | 11 | the grant project is to promote forest growth modelling in estonia with cooperation cost actio
ant project is to promote forest growth modelling in estonia with cooperation cost action fp060 rest management. the stand level forest growth models used in estonian forestry at the moment w will be evaluated against the european growth and yield tables , also causes of the trend will rend will be explored. according to the growth trends, the estonian stand level models which ar a distance independent individual tree growth model will be elaborated on the estonian network ance independent individual tree growth model will be elaborated on the estonian network of for rated on the estonian network of forest growth permanent monitoring plot data. the model will b wth permanent monitoring plot data. the model will be evaluated on long-term forest research pl ment data. the new type estonian forest growth model will enable to predict dynamics of tree di ta. the new type estonian forest growth model will enable to predict dynamics of tree distribut |
2119 | 6 | c team on applications and testing of a model of larval cod feeding and growth processes. this
ng of a model of larval cod feeding and growth processes. this model has now reached a stage wh cod feeding and growth processes. this model has now reached a stage where he is using the mod w reached a stage where he is using the model with data from ponds and land-locked fjords. the sen to come to woods hole and apply his model of larval cod on these data. this opens a wide ra exploring the interplay between larval distribution, foraging abilities, prey characteristics |
14227 | 14 | g between autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism type. to build up the conceptual ecosystem m
bolism type. to build up the conceptual ecosystem model, we carry out a critical review of publ e. to build up the conceptual ecosystem model, we carry out a critical review of published lite cosystem model, we carry out a critical review of published literature on võrtsjärv and synthes ase of võrtsjärv are the large range of climate-related water level fluctuations causing up to e microbial loop. to assess the flow of carbon and nutrients through the ecosystem, we will qua loop. to assess the flow of carbon and nutrients through the ecosystem, we will quantify their low of carbon and nutrients through the ecosystem, we will quantify their budgets using the dat on nutrient loading, gas emissions, and sediment accumulation. to model the ecosystem metabolis missions, and sediment accumulation. to model the ecosystem metabolism, we use high frequency d and sediment accumulation. to model the ecosystem metabolism, we use high frequency data of dis we use high frequency data of dissolved oxygen. the internal carbon cycle of võrtsjärv is model data of dissolved oxygen. the internal carbon cycle of võrtsjärv is modelled and its climate s cycle of võrtsjärv is modelled and its climate sensitivity tested by integrating physical, che |
11614 | 6 | t so diverse and will it survive global warming to answer these questions we propose using 3 ve
tions we propose using 3 very different vegetation models, biome, sdgvm and triffid to predict id to predict the structure, extent and productivity of the amazon rainforest for three scenari narios to provide an analogue to future climate s well as examining the influence of the evolut well as examining the influence of the evolution of c3 and c4 competition on modern rainforest influence of the evolution of c3 and c4 competition on modern rainforest diversity. |
13722 | 1 | rmation will enable us to predict plant population dynamics in changing environments. we will a
|
14808 | 2 | he population level and the role of the life history, we pursue to gain a more coherent knowled
ges on individual species as well as on vegetation in general. |
13763 | 6 | spersal of plants creating high species-richness in grasslands. recent land-cover and land use
s on plant dispersal. in this project a model platform will be created and plant dispersal will spersal will be modelled at a landscape scale. plant species field data . species with differen data . species with different dispersal traits will be selected and used for modelling if dispe al traits will be selected and used for modelling if dispersal is inhibited or promoted in diff ies and landscape data will be used for model validation. results will provide a deeper underst |
13951 | 2 | pulations, how to optimise the size and distribution of source populations in the landscape, an
ire a desired species composition after habitat restoration. |
11273 | 2 | e future it has been predicted that the climate will change somewhat. included in these predict
with relatively short and the source of nutrients to the lake we can study how a lake will resp |
12593 | 27 | agricultural production and numerous other key activities are highly
the present day soil conditions. under climate change, the anticipated changes in temperature mate change, the anticipated changes in temperature and precipitation may influence the structu anticipated changes in temperature and precipitation may influence the structure and functioni tioning of soils, making the local soil environment less suitable for some forms of activity an ocesses typically respond to changes in soil moisture and temperature. of particular interest i respond to changes in soil moisture and temperature. of particular interest is the possible cha interest is the possible change in the soil carbon budget, for example by increased rates of n net loss through enhanced breakdown of organic matter. this has the potential to enhance globa his has the potential to enhance global warming, so is particularly important. an understanding ntitative response of soil processes to temperature and water budget changes is known in genera of the specific changes expected under climate change. our existing knowledge is built into pr being tested by experiment and survey. temperature and precipitation are frequently factors dr experiment and survey. temperature and precipitation are frequently factors driving the causal esses such as mineralisation of organic nitrogen to ammonium. the aim of the project is to iden ate simulations of changes in important soil properties under the climate change scenarios gene in important soil properties under the climate change scenarios generated by ukcp09. these sce vailable at a particular space and time scale, and there may be a need to modify them to suit t need to modify them to suit the driver scale required by particular models. we will be seeking s and threats in response to changes in temperature and precipitation: 1. erosion 2. loss of so response to changes in temperature and precipitation: 1. erosion 2. loss of soil organic matte nd precipitation: 1. erosion 2. loss of soil organic matter 3. compaction 4. contamination 5. s mpaction, for example, are likely to be model by scaling up from process representation based o be empirical and may be statistical in nature. other processes will be represented by models w nding satisfactorily to past changes in temperature and precipitation. the uncertainty associat rily to past changes in temperature and precipitation. the uncertainty associated with these mo nses to other threats for which another model is the main simulator. |
7681 | 1 | the modribio project will develop a modelling framework allowing the representation of inte
|
12359 | 5 | model will be set up by the met office ocean forecastin
from the met office weather prediction model. a tracer dispersion module will be applied to mo er dispersion module will be applied to model the in-water-column dispersion of marine pollutio f containers offshore. results from the model will be assessed and a short report prepared. a s n annex to the iacmst goos action group modeling and monitoring |
12378 | 4 | that eutrophication poses to the marine environment. a key ospar objective is to combat eutroph
ea in order to achieve a healthy marine environment where eutrophication does not occur. the ta nds and germany that riverine inputs of nitrogen from the uk caused a significant contribution the best available evidence on whether nutrients arising from the uk rivers and estuaries migh |
6967 | 18 | potential vegetation models are of great importance as a baseline
re of great importance as a baseline of vegetation ecology. they can form the basis of climate ion ecology. they can form the basis of climate change modelling and can assist effective natur ey can form the basis of climate change modelling and can assist effective nature conservation ange modelling and can assist effective nature conservation and habitat restoration. neverthele ssist effective nature conservation and habitat restoration. nevertheless, large extent models ding estimations for the whole range of vegetation types potentially present have not yet been ased on the unique landscape ecological vegetation database & map of hungary , which allows cou & map of hungary , which allows country-scale predictions in exceptional detail. recently new p ch have promising feautre for potential vegetation modelling, but have not been tested on such mising feautre for potential vegetation modelling, but have not been tested on such subject yet ill be models and maps of the potential vegetation distribution of occurrence probability of ea ls and maps of the potential vegetation distribution of occurrence probability of each mature v f occurrence probability of each mature vegetation type in hungary, as well as an evaluation of getation type in hungary, as well as an evaluation of the modelling techinques. the primary out ungary, as well as an evaluation of the modelling techinques. the primary outcome will be furth n the observed and potential pattern of vegetation types individually as well as in their co-oc r co-occurrence. this will also provide nature conservation and ecological restoration implicat |
12260 | 3 | retaining biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems is a key priority within the uk. the biodive
his project is to develop an integrated model to predict how the decisions made about land-use, hin agroecosystems, with a focus on how economic incentives could be utilised to optimise biodi |
10493 | 16 | he rate at which biologically available nitrogen enters the environment when compared to pre-in
logically available nitrogen enters the environment when compared to pre-industrial levels. thi and groundwaters causing low dissolved oxygen levels, loss of habitat and freshwater and ripar ng low dissolved oxygen levels, loss of habitat and freshwater and riparian biodiversity, lower e is regarded as a hot spot of riverine nitrogen flux and some of the highest nitrate concentra e nitrogen flux and some of the highest nitrate concentrations are found in uk rivers, particul r thames. this is due to the population density, the extent of high-input agriculture within th ry, and the small, relatively unimpeded nature of uk rivers. the potential for human impact on r human impact on riverine nutrient and carbon fluxes by large-scale land-use and management ch ine nutrient and carbon fluxes by large-scale land-use and management change has been demonstra ter quality significance than projected climate change impacts. recent uk work has shown that g n the importance of long-term catchment function, but alarmingly, in england, there are few dat time series comprising monthly average nitrate concentrations for the river thames upstream of se influences with potential impacts of climate change over a sufficiently long period. the pro will help to identify whether projected climate change impacts will be as big a threat to water big a threat to water quality as large-scale changes in land use. this will enable freshwater |
14595 | 5 | the aim of this project address the ecological functions of the toxins produced by cyanophy
s rivers, studying their effects on the growth and ultrastructure of aquatic fungi, microalgae d bacteria, the factors affecting their production, their bioaccumulation in trophic webs and t and their degradation or persistence in environment. the main objectives are: 1. to know the ef to know the effects of microcystins in growth and ultrastructure of microalgae and aquatic fun |
7154 | 5 | . the face of global changes including climate risk, take into account uncertainty and arrival
ation. we must integrate the respective complexity of ecological systems, technical, economic. gement of biodiversity. uncertainty and climate or global dynamics will be seen initially as im plication fields: management by grazing habitat protected under the implementation of european ework of the mathematical and numerical modeling, multidisciplinary approach that we incur aims |
14479 | 3 | short-acting tranquilizers, to modulate stress response in three different species of wild ungu
outhern chamois and spanish ibex in our environment. to our knowledge, no data about the use of sing frequency nowadays, and monitoring stress procuring animal welfare needs to be a paramount |
12062 | 5 | ituted of plants . in terms of cultural evolution, the complex issue of the appearance and deve
the complex issue of the appearance and development of the modern human behaviour is directly l linked with the human adaptation to the environment. was the modern behaviour influenced by cli was the modern behaviour influenced by climate change and for recent periods, did modern human n humans have a strong influence on the environment |
15423 | 8 | ecology. the tinto river is an extreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrat
xtreme environment with a constant acid ph and high concentrations of heavy metals. these unusu he tinto is one of the most interesting ecosystems for the study of the biological organization me microbial communities adapted to low ph and high heavy metal conditions. understanding the m ts possible origin. most of the primary productivity in the river is a direct consequence of th ently the knowledge regarding the algal community of the tinto river and their role in this eco the tinto river and their role in this ecosystem is almost nonexistent. the main objective of the project the study of the acidic pit mining lakes located in the iberian pyritic belt. we wi |
11299 | 2 | natural populations. in coastal marine ecosystems, the oomycete eurychasma dicksonii is though
demics on algal populations and coastal ecosystems. however, many unresolved biological questio |
11540 | 2 | natural populations. in coastal marine ecosystems, the oomycete eurychasma dicksonii is though
demics on algal populations and coastal ecosystems. however, many unresolved biological questio |
11630 | 6 | one the major concerns for the natural environment is the possible effects of polluting chemic
regulate the levels of chemicals in the environment can check to see if disease is caused in fi versities and organisations such as the environment agency so that both can learn about how thi the assessment of animal health in the environment and to help companies and the government to micals, if any, are causing harm in the environment.we will have a workshop where the scientist cals on fish and other organisms in the environment. |
14448 | 2 | of lactic acid bacteria . the original development of specific gene markers for proving the pr
ture applicability of research works in development of probiotic products with scientifically p |
10463 | 1 | isers induced by, or which occur during recovery from, n deposition. analyses of amoa genes in
|
10328 | 1 | their use will permit construction of a classification incorporating all major lineages establi
|
11385 | 13 | competition for resources, such as food, shelter and ma
between individuals. many animals form dominance hierarchies where a clear pecking order is ap genes differ between three ranks within dominance hierarchies. individual fish held under growt hierarchies. individual fish held under growth and stress regimes enabled the identification of . individual fish held under growth and stress regimes enabled the identification of genes sole entification of genes solely related to dominance status. three candidate genes have been ident ase which has previously been linked to stress responses; gaba a which has been implicated in a osition since it loses weight, has high stress levels in terms of cortisol and stress-related g stress levels in terms of cortisol and stress-related gene expression so may be unable to cope nding on the causes and consequences of dominance status. modern technology shall also be adopt ated with rank position and, if so, can dominance be predicted by analysing blood metabolites f be used as a diagnostic tool to predict dominance relationships. understanding the mechanisms a ding the mechanisms and consequences of dominance hierarchies will provide us with new informat |
6852 | 12 | several factors influence the spread of resistance. apathogenic organisms become resistant due
ne transfer and thus become part of the resistance gene-pool. furthermore, there is a bi-direct c of all of these organisms between the environment and the susceptible host. consequently, stu e host. consequently, studying only the resistance of pathogens recovered from patients will li incidence and dynamics of the spread of resistance genes. furthermore, environmental microorgan elective pressure for virulence and for resistance that their counterparts in the host. this pr he relationship between virulence-, and resistance genes. our goal is to investigate the incide te the incidence, linkage to multi drug resistance, the molecular background and transferabilit lity of beta-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistance in enteric bacteria collected from some 160 at these results will contribute to the development of more accurate antibiotic resistance moni development of more accurate antibiotic resistance monitoring systems, as well as to a better u onship between virulence and antibiotic resistance. |
6858 | 1 | deprived ventricular function is a consequence of dilated cardiomyopathy and
|
11344 | 13 | the carbon cycle in freshwater lake systems comprises two m
tems comprises two main phases: primary production and biodegradation. sediments and the lower c phytoplankton biomass, principally to carbon dioxide and methane. in the environment, anaerob mass, principally to carbon dioxide and methane. in the environment, anaerobic microorganisms f y to carbon dioxide and methane. in the environment, anaerobic microorganisms function as commu e environment, anaerobic microorganisms function as communities or consortia from which the iso d a poor representation of the inherent complexity. one alternative is to analyse dna and rna e re to the cellulose-degrading anaerobic community of freshwater lakes. in addition to the relat inhabiting anaerobic fungi occur in the environment at large and are keen to determine their co iversity within the cellulose-degrading community, and this will be followed up with direct pro ling experiments to assess the relative abundance and contribution of the different members. th uidance from the centre for ecology and hydrology, windermere, we plan to analyse cellulose bai olonised in the water column and at the sediment surface of two contrasting lakes located in a |
6807 | 2 | ient to draw conclusions concerning the evolution and genetic relationship of myxosporeans and
understand the factors influencing the evolution of myxosporeans and their hosts. furthermore, |
14544 | 7 | detection in a large variety of natural ecosystems. most of these bacteria have not been cultur
ip of iron to phosphorous, sulphur, and nitrogen cycles in the studied ecosystem. the monitorin hur, and nitrogen cycles in the studied ecosystem. the monitoring of the main limnological feat in limnological features of the aquatic environment and, in particular, of the sediment-water i environment and, in particular, of the sediment-water interface, will enable us to know the fu r interface, will enable us to know the function and possible influence of acidobacteria in the relation to nutrient cycling and system productivity. |
7494 | 2 | tion of microbial dna directly from the environment and its cloning in microbial hosts domestic
erons encoding full channels antibiotic production. the project aims to develop molecular scree |
6907 | 9 | l for variety identification and/or the development of efficient breeding methods to create new
ew apple cultivars selected for disease resistance, fruit quality or tree growth characteristic sease resistance, fruit quality or tree growth characteristics etc. the emergence of pcr-based rs has created the opportunity for fine-scale genetic characterizations of germplasm collection ly linked molecular markers for disease resistance genes. microsatellite markers are ideal tool or cultivar differentiation. some plant resistance genes have been already cloned and sequenced solation of molecular markers linked to resistance genes in apple is planned to achieve using d on population derived from the cross of resistance and susceptible cultivars is available for m susceptible cultivars is available for mapping of these markers. |
10074 | 17 | otosynthesis in the oceans leads to the production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmo
he production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmosphere. in the nutrient-poor central poor central regions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single egions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single celled organi mics of this important photoautotrophic community both horizontally, along several ocean transe water column, and to assess the primary production contribution of phylogenetically identified ly identified members of the marine ppe community. knowledge of the ppes occupying specific loc xation rates. thus, estimates of global productivity using satellite imagery, which utilise onl rophyll measurements, may underestimate productivity by not accounting for this photosynthesis ince the species composition of pelagic food webs is intimately coupled with other major biogeo al functions of the oceans not just the carbon cycle, it is necessary that for models to adequa ict the flow of elements through marine ecosystems the detailed structure of individual compone ucture of individual components of this food web be known. thus how organisms like ppes functio be known. thus how organisms like ppes function and react to short-term change, and ultimately crucial to understanding how the marine ecosystem responds to and changes the chemical environm em responds to and changes the chemical environment and so ultimately affects global climate. onment and so ultimately affects global climate. |
7368 | 3 | chromosome xix poplar wears qualitative resistance genes and partial resistance to leaf rust th
ualitative resistance genes and partial resistance to leaf rust the. we wish to study the molec omal region and phenotypic variation in resistance |
9814 | 4 | marine synechococcus have a ubiquitous distribution in oceanic waters, responsible for around
ble for around a quarter of the primary production in some regions. however, much of our knowle use molecular techniques to assess the distribution of these clades, in several ocean systems, eral ocean systems, and correlate these distribution patterns with physical and chemical proper |
10186 | 5 | ll be developed and used to examine the distribution, diversity and activity of ch3cl -degradin
ity of ch3cl -degrading bacteria in the environment. phylogenetic probes based on 16s rrna gene y of these bacteria in laboratory based mesocosm studies and in environmental samples. a new st amples, will be exploited to relate the distribution of phylogenetic and functional markers of sers to their in situ activities in the environment. |
11087 | 1 | n of partners in the legume root-nodule symbiosis is mediated by species-specific chemical sign
|
11470 | 1 | the potential to analyse the molecular evolution of the genes underlying flowering time variat
|
7595 | 3 | the project objective is to study the evolution of molecular diversity on resistance to patho
the evolution of molecular diversity on resistance to pathogens. we propose to evaluate the all wo families of candidates characterized resistance genes in common bean. the sequence polymorph |
14926 | 7 | a major factor in the evolution of angiosperms is the adaptation of plants to
ery little is known about the molecular evolution underlying floral diversification as a result der the control of div. the specialised function of ml1 and its upstream regulator div may have several other families of lamiales, the function of ml1- and div-like genes could be linked to d div-like genes could be linked to the evolution of asymmetric specilised flowers in this orde lised flowers in this order. therefore, mapping the evolutionary history of the ml1 and div gen iv genes will help us to understand the evolution of molecular and developmental pathways leadi |
15045 | 6 | a major factor in the evolution of angiosperms is the adaptation of plants to
ery little is known about the molecular evolution underlying floral diversification as a result several other families of lamiales, the function of ml1- and div-like genes could be linked to d div-like genes could be linked to the evolution of asymmetric specialised flowers in this ord lised flowers in this order. therefore, mapping the evolutionary history of the ml1 and div gen iv genes will help us to understand the evolution of molecular and developmental pathways leadi |
10843 | 5 | enetic analysis of adaptively important traits - suites of characters that are especially impor
ecially important in the face of global climate change. perhaps the biggest impediment to unloc will yield important insights into the nature of a barrier to gene flow between two ecological and into the potential of admixture ld mapping as a tool for the genetic analysis of adaptivel enetic analysis of adaptively important traits in trees. |
6811 | 2 | united europe the importance of quality production is growing on and not in the mass production
ction is growing on and not in the mass production. the requirements of meat quality are develo |
7004 | 7 | e will estimate which of the identified predators will be potentially key-elements for the regu
project will finally contribute to the development of more efficient and ecological control st ological control strategies. white grub predators will be identified by specific dna-sequences, s, which can be found in the gut of the predators after consumption of scarab larvae. we will u pproach, which will enable us to screen predators simultaneously for several prey species. our with trophic relationships in different ecosystems. this will provide an important step forward rtant step forward in applied and basic ecosystem-research. |
7304 | 4 | phylogeny of monkeys has shown that the evolution of this taxon primarily involves non- centrom
tures exist, explaining that particular evolution. these studies provide a new perspective on p es provide a new perspective on primate evolution mechanisms and subsequently will be used for in a context of fragmentation of their habitat |
14101 | 2 | synthetic chemicals, released into the environment may be causing adverse health effects in hu
ugh their ability to interfere with the function of the endocrine system. reproductive toxicity |
14210 | 2 | h play a central role in the regulation carbon dioxide uptake at minimal loss of water. this is
ll plasma membrane s-type anion channel function or regulation. it has been shown that guard ce |
6777 | 1 | thoma elasticum are responsible for the development of pxe, that is traditionally thought of as
|
10104 | 7 | organisms nutritionally dependent on a symbiosis with sulphide-oxidising bacteria and bivalve
of these communities. subsequently, the symbiosis has been recognised in a range of shallow-wat arine bivalve molluscs dependent on the symbiosis, members of the family lucinidae are by far t the lucinidae in order to interpret the evolution of chemoautotrophic symbiosis within this biv rpret the evolution of chemoautotrophic symbiosis within this bivalve family. this will enable ideas concerning the acquisition of the symbiosis, structural accommodations to the bacteria an s will be relevant to understanding the evolution and diversification of sulphide -dependent co |
15007 | 2 | aim it is also needed to have groups of model organisms for which the present day distribution
del organisms for which the present day distribution and characteristic of the species, populat |
14590 | 1 | rosatellites or on mitochondrial dna an evaluation of different dna markers will be done. final
|
14912 | 3 | rial environments, and are an excellent model system to study and understand the evolutionary m
al gene order rearrangements during the evolution of gastropods. in addition, a molecular clock hin gastropods will be characterized by mapping different aspects of their natural history onto |
14535 | 2 | eport of 2002, the committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology, r
definition in bacteriology, recommends evaluation of multilocus gene sequence analysis for its |
14811 | 1 | s on the possible trends of chromosomal evolution, and future cladistic analyses focused on mor
|
15435 | 5 | n and the brasilian atlantic forest. as model organisms we propose a group of platyhelminthes,
ms for phylogeographic studies as their distribution and richness are highly influenced by the aphic studies as their distribution and richness are highly influenced by the historical habita are highly influenced by the historical habitat stability. namely, we want to characterize the ly influenced by the historical habitat stability. namely, we want to characterize the factors |
10352 | 6 | plants require sulfur for growth, but most of the sulfur in natural soil is prese
leads to a two-fold stimulation in the growth of tomato seedlings. this project will examine t on other plants, quantifying both plant growth and increased levels of sulfur and other mineral ther minerals in the plant tissues. the growth stimulation effect will be correlated with the a ilize this sulfur. the genetic basis of growth stimulation will be investigated in detail by mo ability in the soil, and increase plant productivity. |
14631 | 3 | coidea. many authors disagree about the classification of the taxa included inside this family
nails, particularly with respect to the evolution of the reproductive stimulatory system and as licodontidae endemisms, with restricted distribution ranges, and to propose conservation priori |
15030 | 5 | ersity. many authors disagree about the classification of the taxa included inside this superfa
groups. to establish the morphological evolution in this group of terrestrial snails, particul chila species, their phylogeography and evolution. to know the number of the iberian xerocrassa ships. to study the phylogeography, the evolution, the speciation processes, and the effects of ms, some of them having very restricted distribution ranges, and to propose conservation priori |
12410 | 4 | tor 11 states that the `introduction of energy, including underwater noise, is at levels that d
that do not adversely affect the marine environment.` continuous low frequency sound has been i identified by the eu commission as one indicator for measuring good environmental status and m the applicability of the ambient noise indicator as set forth by the directive. key customer p |
14523 | 1 | ensive use of the technique in regional-scale surveys. we also aim to determine, under laborato
|
12403 | 2 | for assessing the quality of the marine environment. animal sentinels integrate the effects of
fd. this project will contribute to the development of a more integrated approach for contamina |
13708 | 1 | eservation of biodiversity and economic development.
|
15392 | 4 | sed to continue in the future: the fast evolution of habitats due to changes in traditional lan
n traditional land uses, and the global warming . a thorough exploratory study of the whole flo lp us to reveal possible ecological and functional traits common for the species with periphera e changes in biodiversity due to global warming will occur, depending on the responses of diffe |
15024 | 6 | ogenic origin, grouped in the so called global change. it is a flora with a high degree of ende
ill obtain microclimatic information of temperature, relative dampness and solar radiation of t of the soils under the above described vegetation and also bareground, but capable of being co ground, but capable of being colonized: nutrients, texture, etc. finally, we will carry out dis exture, etc. finally, we will carry out distribution models of high mountain species, in order species which colonize such an adverse environment, since the high mountain is. it would help |
12741 | 2 | on peoples engagement with the natural environment, including visits to the natural environmen
onment, including visits to the natural environment |
15110 | 2 | temporal changes in marine vegetation have been related to episodic natural or ant
periments to elucid the main sources of stress will be carried out. |
14967 | 2 | ncluded in the book. their geographical distribution and their most representative morphologica
der to contribute to their more natural classification. restriction maps of the 5.8s, 18s rdna |
7031 | 1 | group of ciliates, besides the typical model organisms paramecium and tetrahymena. the present
|
14451 | 2 | the investigation of taxonomy, ecology, distribution, and economic importance of four taxonomic
strata. 4. new data and analyses of the distribution, ecology, economic importance, and conserv |
13814 | 4 | se schemes—in terms of biodiversity and ecosystem service benefits to society—has not been rigo
im is to develop an ecological-economic model that is suitable for evaluating the cost-effectiv the problem into the same mathematical model. in addition to ecological-economic methods, the mies of crop pests, and to evaluate the ecosystem services provided by the latter two groups, a |
7265 | 3 | that man inflicts damage to terrestrial ecosystems. by studying the knowledge and practices of
explore the interrelationships between development, biodiversity and climate change; - mobiliz s between development, biodiversity and climate change; - mobilize naturalists local knowledge |
14497 | 1 | classification of blood cells in reptiles, including th
|
14732 | 3 | bus arteriosus appeared during chordate evolution much earlier than usually thought. in this re
which concern the anatomy and adaptive evolution of the fish heart and which have been controv hogenetic processes that operate in the development of the cardiac outflow tracts of both lungf |
15365 | 1 | of many small estuaries with different geomorphology and land uses makes of this coastal zone
|
14552 | 2 | 4. to relate seedling morphological and functional traits with provenance, mother tree, and aco
with provenance, mother tree, and acorn production dynamics. |
13358 | 2 | almost whole of the country. the large distribution, natural and artificial selections by farm
ssions material collected from possible distribution areas. |
7278 | 1 | petals. . the results of this new non- model species, integrated with the data available in ot
|
15179 | 6 | ject aims to investigate the effects of growth duration on the skeletal morphology in different
modern humans. it aims to develop a 4d model of morphological variation in silico. the charact lico. the characterisation of different growth periods and their duration . finally, excavation excavation methods are applied for the recovery of anthropological material in anatomical cont esearch project is of interdisciplinary nature and its results will contribute to the developme and its results will contribute to the development and transfer of data to different areas, in |
11254 | 6 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by small p uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by small photosynthetic plants called ph eraction between these two processes of mortality, together with the defence mechanisms that th parts of the oceans there aren t enough nutrients for the cyanobacteria and it is important to |
11494 | 6 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by small p uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by small photosynthetic plants called ph eraction between these two processes of mortality, together with the defence mechanisms that th parts of the oceans there aren t enough nutrients for the cyanobacteria and it is important to |
11029 | 14 | llions of floating microbes convert the energy of the sun into living tissue through photosynth
ankton , and their photosynthesis draws carbon dioxide are bringing great advances, but we stil nnot estimate biological processes like competition and mortality in the ocean and these are im ological processes like competition and mortality in the ocean and these are important in deter there is also great variation in form, function and life-history. nevertheless, these essentia microbes control the processes, such as oxygen production, which sustain all other life on eart s control the processes, such as oxygen production, which sustain all other life on earth. inde eed, the phytoplankton made the earth s oxygen atmosphere a billion years ago. in the last 15 y death of phytoplankton could be for the energy flow of marine ecosystems: in some cases, more t could be for the energy flow of marine ecosystems: in some cases, more than half of the surfac detecting chlorophyll is not as good an indicator of primary production as we once thought and is not as good an indicator of primary production as we once thought and suggests that our ide ught and suggests that our ideas of how energy flows in the food web may be simplistic. the res at our ideas of how energy flows in the food web may be simplistic. the research that we propos |
7474 | 3 | sed information relevant to sustainable development in mountain regions. mountain.trip will sta
ist in forms recognized by the research community but not easily or quickly assimilated by comm ion-makers, stakeholders in economy and environment, planners and administrators, non governmen |
10871 | 1 | l capacity, agriculture, and population growth, in addition to the hard science of biodiversity
|
10373 | 2 | e principles, policies and practices of nature conservation, providing them with the skills to
ts of different approaches to achieving nature conservation objectives in the uk and abroad. th |
10876 | 1 | h organisations that are engaged in the production or application of environmental information.
|
11133 | 1 | the msc environmental monitoring, modelling and management provides advanced-level multid
|
10864 | 3 | anagement, pollution management, global environmental change policy, health risk assessment pol
olicy and management, water management, energy policy, environmental economics and policy, busi economics and policy, business and the environment. this grant supports 6 full studentships fo |
11549 | 2 | aspects; consideration of temporal and spatial scale; the design and application of aquatic mo
c monitoring programmes; and the use of modelling approaches for explanation and prediction pur |
11649 | 2 | aspects; consideration of temporal and spatial scale; the design and application of aquatic mo
c monitoring programmes; and the use of modelling approaches for explanation and prediction pur |
11648 | 1 | students with the technical aspects of gis software and hardware for capturing, managing, anal
|
10394 | 1 | ronmental science teaching and business development by offering the only truly internationally-
|
1082 | 14 | such as methylotrophs, that can utilise methane or other c1 compounds such as methanol and meth
re correlated with marine invertebrates metabolism, and methanogens that produce methane, poten etabolism, and methanogens that produce methane, potentially increasing the entity of the emiss ty of the emissions. the study of viral abundance, production, life strategies and decay rates, missions. the study of viral abundance, production, life strategies and decay rates, will aim t l aim to assess whether viruses control production and diversity of prokaryotic communities in ity of prokaryotic communities in these ecosystems. the presence, abundance and diversity of me ties in these ecosystems. the presence, abundance and diversity of meio- and macrofauna will be , also in relation to the frequency and abundance of the mv methane emissions. investigation on o the frequency and abundance of the mv methane emissions. investigation on the presence of mei rformed to assess whether mud volcanoes ecosystems create environments that favour ecto- / endo e environments that favour ecto- / endo symbiosis oases. finally, all data will be integrated a data will be integrated and ecological modelling of bacteria-mediated c transfer to higher tro low to understand the functioning of mv ecosystems. |
536 | 7 | roject is to investigate the effects of global change on the biodiversity of aphid communities
d at 3 levels: total number of species, phenology and reproductive strategy. data was provided s due to introduced species but also to warming which favours rare species. no general trend of species. no general trend of increasing density has been detected, but phenological prematurene cal prematureness of almost all species phenology of aphids is expected to advance and their ab aphids is expected to advance and their abundance to increase with temperature, and the possibl ce and their abundance to increase with temperature, and the possible role of natural enemies t |
14363 | 5 | in ecosystems where two or more vegetation types or plant
in ecosystems where two or more vegetation types or plant species co-exist, the success plant species co-exist, the success of remote sensing and multi-temporal image classification remote sensing and multi-temporal image classification is evaluated. it is anticipated that by similarity problem in intimately mixed vegetation systems can be addressed effectively. a mult |
13974 | 2 | de new insights into fungal ecology and evolution, and contribute to our better understanding a
impact on fungal biodiversity in forest ecosystems. |
7698 | 3 | r proposal is to develop a mathematical model adapted to the constraints of multi disciplinarit
raction, implementing computerized data mining and large-scale simulation. it will aim to help ting computerized data mining and large-scale simulation. it will aim to help the decision on l |
1086 | 3 | ism, hunting and fishing, together with habitat fragmentation, that modify both structure and g
ecies with similar characteristics. the evaluation of tourist impact on vertebrate populations salvelinus alpinus. finally, effects of habitat fragmentation due to human action to achieve ta |
12483 | 7 | the ecosystems approach is a strategy for the integrated ma
n an equitable way. the approach places human well-being as the central focus for assessment, w while recognizing that biodiversity and ecosystems also have intrinsic value and that people ta d that people take decisions concerning ecosystems based on considerations of well-being as wel applicability of the principles of the ecosystem approach, as laid out by the ma, against the policy objectives against the value of ecosystem services and potential impacts that takes dat d potential impacts that takes data and model uncertainty into account. |
15260 | 1 | tension of our previous research on the evolution and systematics of aveneae/poeae, enlarged no
|
15261 | 1 | tension of our previous research on the evolution and systematics of aveneae/poeae, enlarged no
|
522 | 4 | o reveals of axis 2/ interdependence of production systems and biodiversity because the ovine f
arming systems of meat or milk, and the production standards might affect the availability of r ractices. with this target we propose a modelling work relying on the pursuit of investigations this case it would be a multiple-agent model formalizing all the possible dynamics of scavenge |
15130 | 5 | nalis presents an extended geographical distribution across very variable ecological conditions
molecular markers used. such widespread distribution can be explained by a great capacity to re ariation of vegetative and reproductive traits, as well as the genetic variation in r. officina the contribution of the extended floral phenology of rosmarinus officinalis to its success and a plants progeny. 5.- to determine the distribution of r. officinalis in the mediterranean bas |
15050 | 5 | the evolution of multiple sexual signals within the same sp
ion. we predict that different types of traits might evolve to signal male condition in differe rent sensory channels, thus, maximizing efficiency and reliability when multiple signals, with ions in different populations may drive evolution of signals to maximize efficiency under local drive evolution of signals to maximize efficiency under local conditions, and eventually lead |
13966 | 6 | the aims are to assess the effects of multiple stressors on shallow-water sediments and to st
hallow-water sediments and to study the nature of their interaction will be used as the model t f their interaction will be used as the model toxicant. focus will be on the microscopic food w icant. focus will be on the microscopic food webs and key ecosystem processes driven by them. c be on the microscopic food webs and key ecosystem processes driven by them. complementing small ses driven by them. complementing small-scale laboratory experiments, using natural sediments, |
13735 | 3 | nd heterotrophic micro-organisms in the sediment. we still lack knowledge about how multiple st
ment. we still lack knowledge about how multiple stressors affect the sensitivity and resilienc cosms, applying theory and methods from community and systems ecology, ecotoxicology and molecu |
14527 | 9 | food web relationships are the basis of the ecosystem f
web relationships are the basis of the ecosystem functioning. use of stable isotopes can be us is of the ecosystem functioning. use of stable isotopes can be used as indicators of the energy . use of stable isotopes can be used as indicators of the energy flow through an organism in sy otopes can be used as indicators of the energy flow through an organism in systems where the at concentrations in the organisms of the food web. this aproximation with multiple tracers to th th multiple tracers to the study of the food web will be developed in mountain lakes, given the tion according to gradients of habitats complexity; and the bioaccumulation of pcb as tracers o ioaccumulation of pcb as tracers of the energy flow in the foodweb. |
14712 | 7 | landscape. grazing activity models the vegetation conditioning the community of invertebrates.
models the vegetation conditioning the community of invertebrates. only in some areas wild her alysis at different levels of landscape scale that provide information on the components of bio e and conservation of the mediterranean ecosystems, and for that purpose 3 groups of insects wi es susceptible to be used as biological indicators of possible changes of the environment and t l indicators of possible changes of the environment and therefore for the monitoring of the sta ing of the state of conservation of the habitat of communitarian interest. |
11278 | 7 | erm trends and driving forces on marine ecosystems in this region, such as for example climate
ems in this region, such as for example climate change impacts. this project will develop novel multiscale analysis for collections of ecosystem processes, and quantify the different scale e m processes, and quantify the different scale effects of eutrophication and climate change. the ent scale effects of eutrophication and climate change. the project will also aim to quantify b derstanding the complex interactions of climate, eutrophication and plankton abundance. by comb of climate, eutrophication and plankton abundance. by combining the scientific understanding wi |
14362 | 14 | objective the spatial distribution of vector-borne diseases is tied to enviro
vectors will only thrive under certain habitat conditions. these can be defined in terms of ap bitats are best documented at the local scale, climatic ranges are best described at the region nges are best described at the regional scale. second, given a certain vector and pathogen dist nd, given a certain vector and pathogen distribution, for the disease to be transmitted to huma ere must be an overlap with the spatial distribution of human activities. land use will often r ll often reflect accurately the spatial distribution of human activities, which both influence tative explanation remains to be found. climate trends have been widely incriminated, but recen resolution data have been successful at mapping either vectors or disease cases. however, the k tal factors dictating vector or disease distribution indicates that factors acting at more than es that factors acting at more than one scale should be considered. using the example of tick-b on of the use of multilevel statistical modelling for the analyses of remotely sensed data, and eases incidence, and, particularly, the scale of action of the environmental factors that are t rengthening of the belgian expertise in remote sensing and spatial epidemiology --------------- |
15355 | 5 | e interactions among the species of the community to understand its trophic structure. second,
cies of the community to understand its trophic structure. second, we want to use the acquired wledge to improve pest control and crop productivity. the project aims to be a long-term resear ally, the fourth objective explores the stability of the community composition through the 12 y objective explores the stability of the community composition through the 12 years of the study |
10942 | 8 | colonization of plants by am fungi is known to alter th
lants by am fungi is known to alter the growth and survival of foliar-feeding insects. this pro hic level, namely insect parasitoids. a model system of leucanthemum vulgare, a leaf mining fly system of leucanthemum vulgare, a leaf mining fly and its associated parasitoids will be studi or chemistry or through changes in the growth and abundance of the fly. natural colonization o ry or through changes in the growth and abundance of the fly. natural colonization of plants wi rowth and abundance of the fly. natural colonization of plants will be reduced in the field and plants will be reduced in the field and growth, survival and fitness of fly and parasitoids ass |
11745 | 1 | of site parameters, we will construct a model .
|
10371 | 2 | however, various factors constrain the evolution of perfectly adaptive behaviours, including c
generation, deleterious mutations shift traits away from their perfect value. the importance of |
542 | 10 | we are studying the impact of global change on two specific insect-plant mutualisms.
mbines correlative methods . mutualisms function because the partners have contrasting and comp ners have contrasting and complementary biological traits, so that a service implying only a lo uced can disrupt the functioning of the mutualism. by comparing two strongly contrasting system diversity of reactions of mutualisms to global change. by identifying common features, we also generalizations about the reactions to global change of specific obligate mutualisms, an impor nt/plant protection mutualisms: species-distribution patterns suggest restriction of the system ansion of lowland and submontane-forest climate zones led to disruption of ant-plant mutualisms tualisms, as ants were more affected by climate change than plants. preliminary results of expe spond to co2 fertilisation by increased growth rate and/or by modified chemical composition of |
15371 | 2 | ism selection pressures have driven the evolution of some nest-building behaviours and antipara
behaviours and antiparasitic defensive traits of birds that breed in risky hole-nest environme |
14672 | 1 | oral thesis. besides this, cataloguing, distribution analysis, identification and publication o
|
11096 | 12 | ains around 35% of all c in terrestrial ecosystems and is the world s major source of softwood
this is exciting because it means that carbon fixed in photosynthesis by the trees might be us e it would alter the way we think about carbon and nutrient cycling in boreal forest, affect ou of how these forests respond to global warming, and influence the way that forest managers vie t systems. we will then use isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus to confirm that carbon s. we will then use isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus to confirm that carbon moves fr en use isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus to confirm that carbon moves from the host t nitrogen and phosphorus to confirm that carbon moves from the host to the fungus and nutrients n moves from the host to the fungus and nutrients move from fungus to host. by growing pine and can investigate how much of the fungus carbon is derived from each host, and how that influenc host, and how that influences how much nitrogen and phosphorus the fungus transfers to each ho w that influences how much nitrogen and phosphorus the fungus transfers to each host. |
14107 | 2 | isms of functions of plant myosins. the model system is arabidopsis thaliana, the first plant w
ced genome are switched off what is the function of organelles fast movement in physiology of p |
6827 | 10 | n our studies maize hybrids differed in efficiency traits and yield when grown in the field wit
es maize hybrids differed in efficiency traits and yield when grown in the field with low and h s.the assessment of only a few selected traits and their integration with yield is our approach ith yield is our approach. the measured traits are aboveground total dry matter and grain yield n taken into the aboveground plant. the traits evaluated are: n uptake efficiency . phase of de ant. the traits evaluated are: n uptake efficiency . phase of development is important to the i ted are: n uptake efficiency . phase of development is important to the interpretation of nitro t is important to the interpretation of nitrogen stress. the analysis of the n fertiliser respo rtant to the interpretation of nitrogen stress. the analysis of the n fertiliser responses of m ids is inconceivable without the use of growth analysis. ecophysiological measurements are also |
14976 | 5 | tuary and their roots are anchored in a sediment with shows anoxic and alkaline conditions and
ns and where the concentrations of some nutrients, like ammonium and inorganic phosphorous are inorganic phosphorous are high whereas nitrate and potassium concentrations can be low. the re . finally, the transport mechanisms for nitrate, phosphate and ammonium will be characterized b the ion which drives the entry of these nutrients into the cell. this ion could be sodium inste |
11579 | 3 | the release of particles of nanometre scale to the environment for the clean up of pollution
of particles of nanometre scale to the environment for the clean up of pollution is an emergin ing technology. at the forefront is the development of nanoscale zerovalent iron . we will see |
15063 | 2 | ry are basic components in invasion and colonization patterns, and in the genetic structure of
g, the natal dispersal costs and on the evolution of natal dispersal patterns in these species. |
15489 | 1 | for reproduction and the quality of the habitat
|
13887 | 8 | the aim is to study how native predators affect species invasions and how this resista
s affect species invasions and how this resistance change over time. initially, invasive specie one explanation for this is that native predators adapt to changes at the food base and start t new resource. timing and extent of this predator adaptation may be one of the key factors that of the key factors that govern spread, population dynamics and the magnitude of negative ecolo this, little is known about how native predators interact with invasive biota. i will study ho ifferent time-scales and many different predators are present. the mollusk invaders have well-k e well-known distributions, which allow predators to be caught that are naive, previously expos |
12144 | 11 | of the native species and forest stand productivity in the conditions of biological invasions
conditions of biological invasions and climate change, and offer cost-based measures for fores ng of the species to the vulnerability, productivity and structure of forest stands. the trends es of the native tree species and stand productivity, and acting environmental factors will be ed, then making the economic-ecological evaluation of these changes. the potential effects of c these changes. the potential effects of climate change on the populations of native tree growth hange on the populations of native tree growth rhythm, the genetic diversity and condition, the ity due to the biological invasions and climate change will be assessed. after the completion o t assessment of the native forest trees growth and changes of stand productivity will be carrie orest trees growth and changes of stand productivity will be carried out. it will then be devel nd more sustainable condition stands on climate change and biological invasions conditions. |
7112 | 1 | e of the most remarkable aspects of new development policies is the obligation of the social ac
|
525 | 1 | e of the most remarkable aspects in new development policies is that the actors are under oblig
|
10282 | 8 | y animal populations change in size and distribution and why individuals behave as they do, it
y do, it is essential to understand how evolution occurs. over the past few decades a real succ address questions about how particular traits affect reproductive success and hence drive evol ct reproductive success and hence drive evolution. for instance, studies of darwin s finches ha s finches have been able to demonstrate evolution occurring because particular beak shapes are ave thus far been thoroughly studied in nature. we will use a network of digital video cameras ickets are shared with almost all other model systems: without exception the species that are w b based estimates of the inheritance of traits match estimates made in the field 8. do related |
9932 | 6 | pilot project to test the phylogenetic distribution of secondary metabolite gene clusters in m
ents. functional gene chips to test the distribution of a subset of natural product genes, incl nal genes, detected in environmental or community surveys, to their host organism, except by in clusters in which the both the rate of evolution and the potential for lateral gene transfer m for environmental sampling to test the distribution of secondary metabolite genes across phylo that biodiversity and the environmental heterogeneity of the biosphere. at a fundamental level |
11746 | 2 | el means of controlling biofouling. the growth of animals and plants on ships and marine struct
detrimental effect on the wider marine ecosystems. there is a strong need foor novel ways to c |
10934 | 1 | dy investigates if the phenomenon of ag resistance extends to other metals, cu pb, in fish from
|
14178 | 8 | als can not move away from unfavourable growth conditions. consequently plants have developed s
erstand plant responses to the external environment. a complementary approach is to use natural proach based on quantitative trait loci mapping to better understand plant adaptation to enviro stand plant adaptation to environmental stress conditions. the natural genetic diversity in ara aracterize genes and gene networks that function in determining ozone responses, important anti antioxidants and adaptation to extreme climate conditions. due to consumer resistance to genet eme climate conditions. due to consumer resistance to genetically modified organisms this resea ility to breed for improved agronomical traits. |
10096 | 1 | wledge and understanding in the area of remote sensing data calibration and validation . import
|
10964 | 1 | h local environmental proxies and wider climate data, should permit a better understanding of n
|
10656 | 10 | the ecosystem services framework offers considerable potent
that simultaneously provide ecological stability and livelihood security, especially in the mo egrate concerns about the resilience of ecosystems with their broader developmental implication increasing evidence that the reality of ecosystem management involves making difficult choices cult choices between different types of ecosystem services . it will use a process of expert-le s . it will use a process of expert-led modelling of ecological and socio-economic dynamics alo structured software for systems dynamic modelling to develop expert and participatory models of ased workshops. the findings from these modelling exercises, and from the stakeholder workshops how political constraints influence the nature of the process. these observations will be used develop better strategies for pro-poor ecosystem management. |
11839 | 3 | tudy is to use the long-tailed tit as a model system to test predictions of the information mod
to test predictions of the information model. the caring effort of one parent will be increase ll be monitored. the predictions of the model will be tested by conducting this experiment in s |
9940 | 1 | biostratigraphic and palaeoceanographic indicators, and direct comparisons will be made with ne
|
186 | 6 | pattern of avian growth are highly variable within species and populatio
iety of environmental factors. although growth rate has important consequences on offspring fit physiological mechanisms underlying the growth processes. in this project, we use a novel appro y examining the impact of environmental stress on nestling growth patterns through changes in p act of environmental stress on nestling growth patterns through changes in parent-offspring com objectives of this study are to examine growth of vital body structures even in stressful condi |
15369 | 2 | ism selection pressures have driven the evolution of some nest-building behaviours and antipara
behaviours and antiparasitic defensive traits of birds that breed in risky hole-nest environme |
13948 | 4 | shoots of birch, secondary metabolites, nutrients and feeding behavior of mountain hare and fie
dary metabolites, nutrients and feeding behavior of mountain hare and field vole. the complex c with experiments, computational neural modeling and spatial network modeling in a cooperation nal neural modeling and spatial network modeling in a cooperation with hans liljenström at dep. |
10648 | 5 | ize between species and, because of its function in balance, this size variation may relate to
the variation might also relate to the habitat in which a species lives, because flying in enc rd rather than to its flying ability or habitat preference. this project intends to test these used to predict flying behaviour and/or habitat, or whether the size of the bird is the control a tool to test current ideas about the evolution of avian flight, and the transition from dino |
13925 | 4 | a pest of stored fruits as well as the model of insect olfaction. despite recent breakthroughs
onses to ‘banana as input, the computer model will compute synthetic blends that generate patte anana in the fly brain. to increase the model’s power, i will physiologically characterize orns exclusion of selected orns on the flys behavior. this entirely novel approach bypasses the ted |
10929 | 2 | al factors such as day length and water temperature and the increased levels of thyroid hormone
to prepare themselves for their seaward migration. their olfactory systems become temporarily h |
13528 | 6 | n geneticists only use molecular marker traits, yet these may not reflect the adaptive potentia
do better reflect variation in fitness traits, but the distribution of quantitative genetic va ct variation in fitness traits, but the distribution of quantitative genetic variation in natur how does landscape structure affect the distribution of quantitative and molecular genetic vari quantitative genetic response of larval life history of the moor frog to environmental acidific potential in amphibian populations. as environmental change increases rapidly as a result of a |
11085 | 9 | there general rules which determine the distribution of species and the richness of biodiversit
ine the distribution of species and the richness of biodiversity in an area can we make any pre ributions will change with the changing climate a new theory of biodiversity attempts to explai of biodiversity attempts to explain the distribution of diversity in an amazingly simple way, a evel of populations, species and entire ecosystems. the main idea of this theory is that specie l issue in this theory is the degree of migration of individuals between habitats. aquatic beet n them. due to the differences in their habitat structure and persistence, some groups will rel tudying entire communities, to test for species interactions over neutral models. because we ar sting the forces that shape the species richness of the living world. |
11457 | 3 | veys are converted to species numerical density using target strength . uncertainty in ts is a
s a major contributor to uncertainty in abundance estimation. measurement of tts is a newly eme y to identify species acoustically, aid ecosystem studies and assessment and management of comm |
14452 | 4 | ys the environmental risk assessment in model insects and small mammalians will be proposed. th
ssors and can be used as early –warning indicators of environmental effect of contaminants. new ons. the project will create an optimal environment for young scientists as well as the project joint projects in the field of ecology, environment protection, and the application of new mode |
10367 | 4 | hnids are the most diverse and abundant predators on land today. a complete picture of mesozoic
omplete picture of mesozoic terrestrial ecosystem function could not be assembled until now bec led until now because data on the major predators - the spiders - are missing. the objectives o data to understand mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and how they survived global extinction even |
10287 | 7 | ditionally, the importance of inorganic nitrogen for plant nutrition in terrestrial ecosystems
ogen for plant nutrition in terrestrial ecosystems has taken centre stage. recent studies, howe t plants can also use dissolved organic nitrogen is high, due to low of rates of microbial turn chemical forms of n, is greatest in low productivity ecosystems where don dominates the soil n s of n, is greatest in low productivity ecosystems where don dominates the soil n pool. we will ed and ubiquitous gradient of grassland productivity, coupled with non-destructive stable and r and fate of components of don in these ecosystems. we believe that our data will provide new i |
10298 | 7 | ditionally, the importance of inorganic nitrogen for plant nutrition in terrestrial ecosystems
ogen for plant nutrition in terrestrial ecosystems has taken centre stage. recent studies, howe t plants can also use dissolved organic nitrogen is high, due to low of rates of microbial turn chemical forms of n, is greatest in low productivity ecosystems where don dominates the soil n s of n, is greatest in low productivity ecosystems where don dominates the soil n pool. we will ed and ubiquitous gradient of grassland productivity, coupled with non-destructive stable and r and fate of components of don in these ecosystems. we believe that our data will provide new i |
12242 | 10 | 0% of the uks agricultural land and the development of systems of land use and livestock produc
nt of systems of land use and livestock production with reduced environmental footprints is ess d water quality and their potential for carbon sequestration. their genetic diversity also prov des a source of genes for adaptation to climate change. forage grasses, especially perennial ry ial ryegrass, and legumes adaptation to climate change through enhanced water use efficiency. t imate change through enhanced water use efficiency. this involves selection for morphological a ion for morphological and physiological traits that affect soil hydrology. genotypes will also d physiological traits that affect soil hydrology. genotypes will also be selected for increase lso be selected for increased water use efficiency under times of drought. the exploitation of es for key environmental sustainability traits and the means for their assembly in elite germpl |
11560 | 6 | mportant in sustaining overall plankton growth in the north sea, particularly in summer and thi
articularly in summer and this plankton production may also be important in sustaining fish gro ay also be important in sustaining fish growth. this proposal seeks support to study these laye o assess their significance for overall productivity. climate change is likely to increase stra significance for overall productivity. climate change is likely to increase stratification in mpacts of such changes on phytoplankton productivity and fisheries. |
15468 | 3 | and hypersaline environments. one such environment is rambla salada, a hypersaline area in the
prokaryotic biodiversity found in this habitat has been studied previously by the group applyi unknown halophilic taxa and study their distribution. finally, given that extreme environments |
12019 | 4 | ogical and evolutionary determinants of community structures is a major challenge in order to a
to analyse the consequences of ongoing global change on the functioning of biodiversity. this is objective, we used the ficus-figwasp model. we have made almost 1000 wasp collections , allo ly that it is feasible, on a short time scale, using modern techniques of imaging, genetics, ch |
15325 | 1 | me first: morphologica/genetic trait or environment-change is an observed change exclusively ge
|
10560 | 3 | is idea, and other aspects of the early evolution of the biosphere, are few and far between. th
this research program is to develop ni stable isotopes as a marker for ancient life. we see th early earth through an array of organic-carbon-rich samples available to us via existing and pr |
14229 | 9 | also their dependency on trees seasonal growth pattern. finally, we are looking answer to the q
nal water use has a passive or adaptive nature. we have three main hypothesis to prove: 1. the red trees in deficiency of soil mineral nutrients. 2. the hydraulic conductivity of the root sy eing highest within the period of rapid growth when the need for mineral nutrients is highest. rapid growth when the need for mineral nutrients is highest. this research project will improv dealing with water cycling on stand and ecosystem scale depending on atmospheric and soil condi th water cycling on stand and ecosystem scale depending on atmospheric and soil conditions. the riments give valuable information about growth and water use of fast growing economically impor based economy models depending on trees growth conditions. |
14498 | 3 | e mediterranean forest are subjected to stress periods with high irradiance combined with droug
mperatures. the imbalance between light energy absorption and its use in photosynthesis leads t esis leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species correlation of biochemical quantificatio |
10176 | 7 | leaf respiration plays a vital role in determining global at
lobal c exchange models assume that the temperature coefficient of r exhibited in short-term me short-term measurements can be used to model future rates of r. however, there is growing evid r acclimates to longer-term changes in temperature. acclimation can result in plants maintaini on will require an additional supply of nitrogen. this research project will establish the exte nt to which thermal acclimation of leaf respiration is dependent on an adequate supply of nitro n is dependent on an adequate supply of nitrogen. to provide a more mechanistic understanding o |
13504 | 2 | nitrogen and effects of o2 and reduced n on their n2-fi
des information about the diversity and distribution of heterotrophic n2-fixing bacteria in the |
13613 | 6 | nitrogen is the primary limiting nutrient throughout th
trient availability, driving changes in community composition, reducing productivity, and incre nges in community composition, reducing productivity, and increasing carbon storage in stable s , reducing productivity, and increasing carbon storage in stable soil pools. therefore, underst pe labeling experiments and 15n natural abundance measurements to determine: 1 whether litter i : 1 whether litter inputs from the most nitrogen-use-efficient ericaceous shrub whether this li |
15113 | 1 | ered the global biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen and the environmental consultancy urs-españa s
|
15114 | 1 | ered the global biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen and the environmental consultancy urs-españa s
|
10051 | 10 | the element nitrogen is not fixed and appears to be flexible . for
h, we measured a low ratio of n2 to n2o production from no2- and vice versa where water column helps redefine our understanding of n2o production in oxygen minimum zones / why this ratio sho our understanding of n2o production in oxygen minimum zones / why this ratio should change is aters to test if the ratio of n2 to n2o production is fixed or flexible , screen for n2 product on is fixed or flexible , screen for n2 production coupled to organic matter and analyse the ac e , screen for n2 production coupled to organic matter and analyse the active bacteria involved yse the active bacteria involved in the metabolism of these gases by using molecular or genetic arabian sea should help the scientific community build better predictive climate models. tific community build better predictive climate models. |
11581 | 10 | the element nitrogen is not fixed and appears to be flexible . for
h, we measured a low ratio of n2 to n2o production from no2- and vice versa where water column helps redefine our understanding of n2o production in oxygen minimum zones / why this ratio sho our understanding of n2o production in oxygen minimum zones / why this ratio should change is aters to test if the ratio of n2 to n2o production is fixed or flexible , screen for n2 product on is fixed or flexible , screen for n2 production coupled to organic matter and analyse the ac e , screen for n2 production coupled to organic matter and analyse the active bacteria involved yse the active bacteria involved in the metabolism of these gases by using molecular or genetic arabian sea should help the scientific community build better predictive climate models. tific community build better predictive climate models. |
13936 | 11 | and economical problems. cyanobacterial growth are estimated to constitute about one fifth of t
t one fifth of the total annual primary production in the baltic sea, and their annual n input r techniques to analyze the genetics of nitrogen fixation, heterocysts development, toxin produ etics of nitrogen fixation, heterocysts development, toxin production and the regulation of the ixation, heterocysts development, toxin production and the regulation of these processes by com gulation of these processes by combined nitrogen in nodularia spumigena. nodularia is one of th with major contribution to the primary production of carbon and nitrogen in the baltic sea. th ntribution to the primary production of carbon and nitrogen in the baltic sea. the results of t to the primary production of carbon and nitrogen in the baltic sea. the results of this study w of the effect of eutrophication on the nitrogen-fixation activity and hence the primary produc fixation activity and hence the primary productivity of n by nodularia, and will be of valuable |
2535 | 1 | ng, molecular analysis, and statistical modeling. based on geographic and methodological distin
|
2071 | 3 | ing a germination experiment in various vegetation types typical for the oceanic parts of norwa
wo different areas, for evaluating what vegetation types that have mainly been used for plantat persed considerably, and may serve as a model for what genetic changes that follow an introduct |
12692 | 1 | to assess changes in the rate, scale and impact of non-native species introductions to
|
2108 | 13 | of nessas is to quantify the impact of climate variability on the structure and function of th
limate variability on the structure and function of the barents sea marine ecosystem in order t and function of the barents sea marine ecosystem in order to predict the ecosystem response to arine ecosystem in order to predict the ecosystem response to possible future climate change an e ecosystem response to possible future climate change and its possible economic impact. the pr the gaps in our knowledge regarding the climate forcing of the physical oceanography of the bar he barents sea and their impacts on the ecosystem. this will include a combination of retrospec mbination of retrospective analyses and modelling. the information on processes and mechanisms ion on processes and mechanisms linking climate and ecosystem responses will be used to extend sses and mechanisms linking climate and ecosystem responses will be used to extend and improve e making quatitative predictions on the ecosystem response to future climate scenarios. this wi ons on the ecosystem response to future climate scenarios. this will include changes to the fis tional globec regional program entitled ecosystem studies of sub-arctic seas . |
2156 | 2 | fically sound and objective approach to evaluation of the endangered species status for the new
and efficient management of the natural environment. the new approaches will be implemented in |
7464 | 1 | a biotechnology sme specialised in the production of reagents, a major pharmaceutical company
|
11819 | 1 | why these species failed to survive the climate changes of the last 50,000 years. potentially,
|
12538 | 5 | ng the quality of response, through the development and adoption of appropriate novel diagnosti
ateral flow devices by inspectors. with development of new assay formats and improved extractio g pests of current statutory concern as model systems: further development of molecular field-t utory concern as model systems: further development of molecular field-testing and development elopment of molecular field-testing and development of novel methods for laboratory use. the re |
6924 | 6 | the increase of profitability of wheat production as well as the reduction of environmental ri
ary goal of this proposal is to improve resistance of the breeding material of martonvásár agai to use rna silencing to develop durable resistance agaist powdery mildew by inactivating the ml and glass house testing methods for the evaluation of wdv resistance to help virus resistance b sting methods for the evaluation of wdv resistance to help virus resistance breeding programs. luation of wdv resistance to help virus resistance breeding programs. |
12313 | 2 | ompound has already been registered for predator control in new zealand. if successful there wi
w compounds will enable the safer broad-scale management of rats and other rodents. |
173 | 1 | al peer-reviewed journals and books for distribution of results.
|
10291 | 30 | ur ability to quantify the influence of phosphorus limitation and temperature on plant tissue r
influence of phosphorus limitation and temperature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon bal itation and temperature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon balance of an organism and of a rature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon balance of an organism and of an ecosystem is st carbon balance of an organism and of an ecosystem is strongly dependent on the balance between the balance between photosynthesis and respiration. globally, respiration on land is at presen otosynthesis and respiration. globally, respiration on land is at present very slightly smaller hotosynthesis, meaning that terrestrial ecosystems are thought to be a sink for atmospheric car re thought to be a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, slowing the continual rise in carbon di dioxide, slowing the continual rise in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. about 8 tration in the atmosphere. about 80% of respiration from land is thought to come from trees, so so understanding what determines plant respiration is central to understanding how the terrest are available to help us quantify plant respiration over large regions of the world. for exampl lthough we know that the most important nutrients for plant growth - nitrogen and phosphorus - the most important nutrients for plant growth - nitrogen and phosphorus - limit plant metaboli important nutrients for plant growth - nitrogen and phosphorus - limit plant metabolism, we ha trients for plant growth - nitrogen and phosphorus - limit plant metabolism, we have almost no - nitrogen and phosphorus - limit plant metabolism, we have almost no information on how phosph m, we have almost no information on how phosphorus deficiency limits plant respiration, and hen how phosphorus deficiency limits plant respiration, and hence the carbon balance. we also know limits plant respiration, and hence the carbon balance. we also know only a little about how pl also know only a little about how plant respiration responds to temperature: currently our glob about how plant respiration responds to temperature: currently our global models of terrestrial rently our global models of terrestrial ecosystems make large assumptions about this that may b ider that: to quantify the influence of phosphorus deficiency on the temperature dependence of fluence of phosphorus deficiency on the temperature dependence of plant respiration. we will be on the temperature dependence of plant respiration. we will be able to link our results to exi n the relationship between plant tissue metabolism and nitrogen concentration, and to incorpora hip between plant tissue metabolism and nitrogen concentration, and to incorporate the results e results into site-specific and global modelling frameworks. the project is highly cost effici |
11285 | 21 | ur ability to quantify the influence of phosphorus limitation and temperature on plant tissue r
influence of phosphorus limitation and temperature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon bal itation and temperature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon balance of an organism and of a rature on plant tissue respiration. the carbon balance of an organism and of an ecosystem is st carbon balance of an organism and of an ecosystem is strongly dependent on the balance between the balance between photosynthesis and respiration. globally, respiration on land is at presen otosynthesis and respiration. globally, respiration on land is at present very slightly smaller hotosynthesis, meaning that terrestrial ecosystems are thought to be a sink for atmospheric car re thought to be a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, slowing the continual rise in carbon di dioxide, slowing the continual rise in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. a large mosphere. a large fraction of the total respiration from land is thought to come from trees, so so understanding what determines plant respiration is central to understanding how the terrest are available to help us quantify plant respiration over large regions of the world. for exampl lthough we know that the most important nutrients for plant growth to quantify the influence of the most important nutrients for plant growth to quantify the influence of phosphorus deficien ant growth to quantify the influence of phosphorus deficiency on the temperature dependence of fluence of phosphorus deficiency on the temperature dependence of plant respiration. we will be on the temperature dependence of plant respiration. we will be able to link our results to exi n the relationship between plant tissue metabolism and nitrogen concentration, and to incorpora hip between plant tissue metabolism and nitrogen concentration, and to incorporate the results e results into site-specific and global modelling frameworks. the project is highly cost effici |
12512 | 3 | this proposal will assist in the development and implementation of policy relating to th
n uk dairy systems, while not affecting productivity, will significantly improve farm-gate nutr ficantly improve farm-gate nutrient use efficiency and pathogen control. this will provide stra |
14876 | 3 | valuate the biomass, necromass, primary production and decomposition to assess the productivity
mass, necromass, primary production and decomposition to assess the productivity of each stand. duction and decomposition to assess the productivity of each stand. |
14658 | 1 | f adaptative processes related to their environment. considering all these aspects, the aim of
|
10667 | 3 | s, to discover the magnitude of surface ph variations at seasonal-up-to-decadal time scales. we
all the quality data relevant to ocean carbon uptake and ph. estimation of change will be set ata relevant to ocean carbon uptake and ph. estimation of change will be set against the backgr |
10916 | 3 | s, to discover the magnitude of surface ph variations at seasonal-up-to-decadal time scales. we
all the quality data relevant to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. estimation of decadal trends |
11174 | 3 | s, to discover the magnitude of surface ph variations at seasonal-up-to-decadal time scales. we
all the quality data relevant to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. estimation of decadal trends |
11403 | 3 | s, to discover the magnitude of surface ph variations at seasonal-up-to-decadal time scales. we
all the quality data relevant to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. to ocean carbon uptake, and from which ph trends can be derived. estimation of decadal trends |
146 | 2 | to preserve the quality of environment for the life of the coming generations, it
d margins are promoting parasitoids and predators presence in agrocenosis.results enable us to |
12402 | 6 | heir effects on marine biogeochemistry, ecosystems and other components of the earth system, an
ponses to ocean acidification and other climate change related stressors by marine organisms, b s by marine organisms, biodiversity and ecosystems including an improved understanding of their ding an improved understanding of their resistance or susceptibility to acidification. key cust sks of ocean acidification to allow for development of appropriate mitigation and adaptation st to allow for development of appropriate mitigation and adaptation strategies. |
13776 | 12 | rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are making the oceans
ars, fossil fuel burning has caused the ph of the oceans to fall by 0.1 units - a seemingly sma 0 it is reliably estimated that oceanic ph will be ~ 0.4 units lower than at present . the impa ects of these changes on coastal marine ecosystems, and the data that do exist suggest that del stages such as fertilization and larval development may be particularly susceptible. this proje will assess the impacts of an up to 0.4 ph unit decrease in ocean ph on the fertilization succe an up to 0.4 ph unit decrease in ocean ph on the fertilization success and larval development on the fertilization success and larval development of key ecosystem-structuring species of mar n success and larval development of key ecosystem-structuring species of marine invertebrate in namics and integrity of swedish coastal ecosystems. this can, in turn, inform future strategies nagement and conservation of our marine environment, and the ecosystem services it provides. tion of our marine environment, and the ecosystem services it provides. |
10894 | 4 | s is releasing vast quantities of extra carbon dioxide to the earth s atmosphere. much of this
ere is a greenhouse gas, causing global warming; co2 entering the sea makes it more acidic, and istry will have on marine organisms and ecosystems, on biogeochemical cycling in the sea, and o eracts with the atmosphere to influence climate. we propose to run a carbonate chemistry facili |
10003 | 6 | s is releasing vast quantities of extra carbon dioxide to the earth s atmosphere. much of this
ere is a greenhouse gas, causing global warming; co2 entering the sea makes it more acidic, and istry will have on marine organisms and ecosystems, on biogeochemical cycling in the sea, and o eracts with the atmosphere to influence climate. we will look to investigate these questions in f natural environmental variability and complexity that is difficult or impossible to capture i experiments on the naturally-occurring community may represent more accurately the future resp |
10153 | 6 | s is releasing vast quantities of extra carbon dioxide to the earth s atmosphere. much of this
ere is a greenhouse gas, causing global warming; co2 entering the sea makes it more acidic, and istry will have on marine organisms and ecosystems, on biogeochemical cycling in the sea, and o eracts with the atmosphere to influence climate. we will look to investigate these questions in f natural environmental variability and complexity that is difficult or impossible to capture i experiments on the naturally-occurring community may represent more accurately the future resp |
11687 | 6 | s is releasing vast quantities of extra carbon dioxide to the earth s atmosphere. much of this
ere is a greenhouse gas, causing global warming; co2 entering the sea makes it more acidic, and istry will have on marine organisms and ecosystems, on biogeochemical cycling in the sea, and o eracts with the atmosphere to influence climate. we will look to investigate these questions in f natural environmental variability and complexity that is difficult or impossible to capture i experiments on the naturally-occurring community may represent more accurately the future resp |
11824 | 2 | phere system plays a key role in global climate events such as the el nino-southern oscillation
sing a state-of-the-art numerical ocean model in conjunction with satellite-based observations |
14987 | 3 | interest within the framework of global warming given that the changes induced by human activit
s can be affected by the gradual global warming are key tools towards conservation of biologica ties, to identify potential methods for mitigation of the impacts and to provide elements of ju |
7397 | 1 | quality or origin, are accompanied by a complexity of management bodies and decision, a"synchro
|
11452 | 2 | here, we plan to monitor the olfactory development from weaning to sexual maturity using an in
nd thus contribute to understanding the evolution of sociality. |
6768 | 6 | s for the approach of understanding and modelling processes and of the development of terrestri
ding and modelling processes and of the development of terrestrial ecosystems during earth hist s and of the development of terrestrial ecosystems during earth history is palaeobotany providi eserved fossil floras suitable for both environment and climate reconstructions are available f loras suitable for both environment and climate reconstructions are available from the oligocen nstruction of the palaeoenvironment and ecosystems of the oligocene at the inner carpathian reg |
2547 | 2 | investigate the genetic architecture of traits of interest, that is, traits associated with rep
tecture of traits of interest, that is, traits associated with reproductive isolation. finally, |
14635 | 7 | eams, water in caves and the anquialine habitat. it is still unknown: - which environmental var
t the time of invading the subterranean environment - which model could offer a good historical ng the subterranean environment - which model could offer a good historicalo-functional explana lquivir basin, including the anquialine habitat. - morphologica study beyond the needs of ident d, based on morphological and molecular traits. - morphological trends with habitat change. - p lar traits. - morphological trends with habitat change. - pattern of biodiversity and distribut t change. - pattern of biodiversity and distribution at various taxonomic scales. c.- museistic |
15421 | 5 | dicted that, as a consequence of global warming, the distribution area of sandflies and baleari
as a consequence of global warming, the distribution area of sandflies and balearic island. the codes cytochrome b, thus completing the distribution maps for sandflies in spain. our findings consolidated through new studies on the density and abundance of these dipterans in different b through new studies on the density and abundance of these dipterans in different biotopes of t |
15176 | 3 | h pursue the analysis of the scientific nature of taxonomic hypothesis and its supporting evide
pective aims to 1 deal in detail on the nature of observation associated with the taxonomic wor of taxonomic work and 4 the bias in the evaluation of taxonomic activity. from a practical poin |
2058 | 8 | fferent climatic regimes drives primary production on the northern svalbard shelf through diffe
rthern svalbard shelf through different carbon sources and in different years. ultimately, the insight into the energetic pathways and trophic structure of this ecosystem and its stability v pathways and trophic structure of this ecosystem and its stability versus sensitivity in the f hic structure of this ecosystem and its stability versus sensitivity in the face of predicted f itivity in the face of predicted future climate changes. such an ecosystem-based approach is th edicted future climate changes. such an ecosystem-based approach is the most effective means to understand the possible consequences of climate change to biotic systems. |
12451 | 13 | and to use this data to investigate how climate change and fishing have impacted the distributi
te change and fishing have impacted the distribution of fishing effort, fish abundance and food he distribution of fishing effort, fish abundance and food-web structure. specially, implicatio pecially, implications of shifts in the distribution of fish and fisheries and changes in size d changes in size structure of the fish community, and gathering more information about the str ion about the structure of the relevant ecosystems when fishing pressure was low and under diff ng pressure was low and under different climate patterns. key customer purpose utilise existing ng-term datasets to: map changes in the distribution of catches and effort of the fishing fleet nfer factors influencing changes in the distribution and abundance of fish; use biological data uencing changes in the distribution and abundance of fish; use biological data from scientific size and age of fish and their relative abundance has changed and help infer factors influencin nfer factors influencing changes in the distribution and abundance of fish. uencing changes in the distribution and abundance of fish. |
15211 | 3 | ms to study the ontogenic variations in energy compounds jointed to the metabolism of polysacch
ions in energy compounds jointed to the metabolism of polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, and nu ssessing pollution levels in freshwater ecosystems. in order to do this, we have developed a wo |
10227 | 5 | evolution is expected to occur when natural selection a
ival and reproductive success depend on body size, a trait which is known to be determined, at genetic and environmental influences on evolution. by analysing the way in which the trait, its its genetic basis of variation, and the nature of natural selection on it may all change with a ction on it may all change with age and environment, it is expected that this work will provide |
14370 | 3 | improve the quality of existing optical remote sensing products for marine and inland waters ba
iffuse attenuation coefficient, primary production, phytoplankton functional groups and partial ient, primary production, phytoplankton functional groups and partial pressure of co2. 2. multi |
10020 | 21 | st all ecologies: namely repellent anti-predator defences. predation is a fundamental process i
amely repellent anti-predator defences. predation is a fundamental process in the structuring o ing of ecological communities, allowing energy flow from primary producers to higher trophic le ary producers to higher trophic levels. predation, and the need of potential prey to avoid atta one of the most pervasive causes of co-evolution in ecological communities. although great str ing the mechanistic functioning of anti-predator defences, here we take a more ecological view, d physiological viewpoint. further, the distribution of such defences have been considered both levels of investment in repellent anti-predator defences, within which such empirically-derive ical attention that has focussed on the evolution and maintenance of aposematic signals that ca sematic signals that can warn potential predators of such chemical defences. however, existing efences in a simplistic manner as fixed traits that are not subject to selection. the small num lthough chemical defences act to reduce predation in immature life-history stages, the physiolo acquisition of toxins can slow juvenile growth rates. hence, the key trade-off is ecological: i increase exposure to attacks by slowing growth rate and so increasing time to maturity. the fac predictive theory of investment in anti-predator defences, and how this changes with ontogeny, es, and how this changes with ontogeny, life history and ecology. 2. parameterise this model us story and ecology. 2. parameterise this model using existing empirical relationships and purpos rpose designed experiments. 3. use this model to make predictions about how investment in defen ntogenic colour change this theoretical development will be supported by purposed designed expe to parameterise, evaluate and validate model assumptions, and by comparative analysis aimed at y comparative analysis aimed at testing model predictions. |
11044 | 21 | st all ecologies: namely repellent anti-predator defences. predation is a fundamental process i
amely repellent anti-predator defences. predation is a fundamental process in the structuring o ing of ecological communities, allowing energy flow from primary producers to higher trophic le ary producers to higher trophic levels. predation, and the need of potential prey to avoid atta one of the most pervasive causes of co-evolution in ecological communities. although great str ing the mechanistic functioning of anti-predator defences, here we take a more ecological view, d physiological viewpoint. further, the distribution of such defences have been considered both levels of investment in repellent anti-predator defences, within which such empirically-derive ical attention that has focussed on the evolution and maintenance of aposematic signals that ca sematic signals that can warn potential predators of such chemical defences. however, existing efences in a simplistic manner as fixed traits that are not subject to selection. the small num lthough chemical defences act to reduce predation in immature life-history stages, the physiolo acquisition of toxins can slow juvenile growth rates. hence, the key trade-off is ecological: i increase exposure to attacks by slowing growth rate and so increasing time to maturity. the fac predictive theory of investment in anti-predator defences, and how this changes with ontogeny, es, and how this changes with ontogeny, life history and ecology. 2. parameterise this model us story and ecology. 2. parameterise this model using existing empirical relationships and purpos rpose designed experiments. 3. use this model to make predictions about how investment in defen ntogenic colour change this theoretical development will be supported by purposed designed expe to parameterise, evaluate and validate model assumptions, and by comparative analysis aimed at y comparative analysis aimed at testing model predictions. |
11334 | 9 | discharges in particular in relation to nutrients, minimising carbon footprint, and at the same
ar in relation to nutrients, minimising carbon footprint, and at the same time, minimising capi esilience but also to reduce associated carbon and economic costs. therefore, the water industr this programme examines new biological modelling approaches for a fixed film process and so de a better understanding of a robust, low energy technology for achieving increasingly tighter de ience among others, to deliver a biofim model and thus improved rbc operation and design that i but is also embedding the importance of carbon footprint in waste water treatment process optim t of this work will be to deliver a new modelling approach for biological fixed film processes ptimise pollutant removal at the lowest carbon cost. |
13601 | 10 | likely need to be re-evaluated to meet ecosystem needs. most flow alteration in swedish rivers
rs and streams is related to hydropower production. present environmental law dictates that mea ld be implemented to safeguard riverine ecosystems. however, there is no standardized model for tems. however, there is no standardized model for environmental water allocation, nor is there inkage between prescribed flows and the ecosystem. flows are kept more or less constant, lackin variables that work as drivers for the ecosystem and often extreme low flow levels are used. s al flow regimes for sustaining riverine ecosystems suggests that the static and arbitrary minim reams and to develop methods that match ecosystem needs by developing flow-ecology response cur or variables representing structure and function of riparian ecosystems. i will do this by comp ting structure and function of riparian ecosystems. i will do this by comparing reaches without |
15285 | 4 | in the current global change scenario, it is necessary to develop agro
l management strategies which allow the optimization of the goods provided. in the proposed stu and processes involved in the diversity-function relationship, and its transmission across trop t performs, such as the mineralization, decomposition and denitrification, associated to the nu |
15286 | 4 | in the current global change scenario, it is necessary to develop agro
l management strategies which allow the optimization of the goods provided. in the proposed stu and processes involved in the diversity-function relationship, and its transmission across trop t performs, such as the mineralization, decomposition and denitrification, associated to the nu |
7544 | 2 | palm in southeast asia, first area of production of palm oil. its causal agent is ganoderma b
particularly important to develop early resistance test, with the inoculation of seedlings with |
188 | 9 | e proposed research is aimed to analyse ecosystem changes of large shallow lakes based on the i
tion of long-term dynamics of dissolved organic matter . identification of dissolved organic ma ic matter . identification of dissolved organic matter in sediments allows to estimate long-ter lake and cachment area in formation of organic matter. investigation of dom and psp from l. pe . studies of long- term changes of lake ecosystems via sediment analyses are timely both from t ng- term changes of lake ecosystems via sediment analyses are timely both from the aspect of eu h from the aspect of eutrophication and climate change impact analyses. few studies have been d ill add important information for using sediment investigations for estimation of long-term eco l changes of such lakes, as well as for modelling and predicting future scenarios. |
14872 | 9 | soils can be source and sink of carbon, then soils contribute to carbon cycle regulatio
ink of carbon, then soils contribute to carbon cycle regulation and their consequences on clima le regulation and their consequences on climate change. land use and soil management influence land use and soil management influence soil organic carbon content and its flux to the atmosph d man made, fires which occur in forest ecosystems involve soil degradation that can be reversi to increase the amount of sequestrated carbon by the soil, its productivity and biodiversity. of sequestrated carbon by the soil, its productivity and biodiversity. the present project star n experience of a fire-declined area by vegetation cover establishment and exogenous organic ma ation cover establishment and exogenous organic matter addition |
15057 | 2 | technological applications due to their production of enzymes, compatible solutes and exopolysa
and ecological role of halomonas in the environment as a whole and also the influence of enviro |
15138 | 4 | cophylogenetic analysis, specially the colonization or host switching through the food webs. t
onization or host switching through the food webs. this will require the elaboration of a phylo graphical information about the current distribution of the associations. finally, the specific gmogaster antarcticus, with a worldwide distribution in several host species, will be determine |
10796 | 2 | ntal changes that occurred as the early vegetation evolved and spread, hopefully shedding light
light on issues concerned with current global change. |
14977 | 3 | tive, in groups of plants containing no model organisms. the project is focused on morphologica
rticils in three case studies: of known function in model organisms will be explored in selecte hree case studies: of known function in model organisms will be explored in selected species. p |
11465 | 1 | ular phylogenetic approach to track the distribution of methanogenic archaea in guts, faeces an
|
11557 | 1 | aurs this project will demonstrate that evolution of the air sac system is more complex than cu
|
11858 | 2 | r several questions about cotton genome evolution and domestication utilizing remarkably preser
dimension to the study of cotton genome evolution to address several hypotheses of genomic chan |
10322 | 5 | we plan to investigate the evolution of parasite life cycle complexity for a ubiqu
te the evolution of parasite life cycle complexity for a ubiquitous group of organisms found in ertebrate data reviewed in the light of evolution, but the proposed combination has far reachin hat underpin sustainable economies. few ecosystems are free from tapeworms, and almost all spec pertinent in understanding the natural environment. |
10000 | 10 | search aims to develop a new ecological model for crop domestication, integrating the roles of
domestication, integrating the roles of environmental change, plant traits, and human agency, u he roles of environmental change, plant traits, and human agency, under the constraints of the interactions between plants, humans and environment during the period preceding fully agricultu ecessary to develop and refine this new model. our ecological model is formulated within the ar d refine this new model. our ecological model is formulated within the archaeologically documen archaeologically visible domestication traits: larger grain size and seed indehiscence, and se at seed size correlates with a suite of functional traits which, through ecological processes, s of these crop species. we advance the model through the discussion of four hypothetical phase assess the feasibility of the proposed model for explaining observed changes. the construction |
12394 | 5 | objective: to coordinate and draft the climate change contribution for the ospar qsr in 2010.
e: this project is designed to lead the production of section 3.1 of the ospar qsr `impacts of ection 3.1 of the ospar qsr `impacts of climate change on the north-east atlantic ecosystem`, l imate change on the north-east atlantic ecosystem`, link into the production of chapters 2 and east atlantic ecosystem`, link into the production of chapters 2 and 3.2, and contribute to the |
11843 | 8 | live in the area they invaded. invasive predator species able to use a wide range of prey are p
been studying the interactions between predators and their prey. they have learned about the i ay an important role in the success and mitigation of invasions. they have also devised equatio ions to predict how the rate at which a predator remove prey from a population varies with the prey from a population varies with the abundance of a prey population. they have also gained a ers of wildlife resources that will use predator-prey theory and new empirical data to devise a al, the water vole that is subjected to predation by the invasive american mink. the project wi ce. we will find out whether there is a density below which trappers are no longer interested i |
11245 | 24 | functioning as vital aquatic floodplain habitat for many threatened species and as important si
ened species and as important sinks for sediment, nutrients, and contaminants. the ability of o es and as important sinks for sediment, nutrients, and contaminants. the ability of oxbows to p pends upon their persistence as aquatic habitat, an attribute partly determined by the initial torage space and may persist as aquatic habitat for centuries. in contrast, oxbows that inherit ten become completely filled by natural sedimentation processes and converted into terrestrial rocesses and converted into terrestrial habitat within decades after their formation. the susta he sustainability of aquatic floodplain habitat in the context of climate-driven environmental ic floodplain habitat in the context of climate-driven environmental change depends upon a mean abitat in the context of climate-driven environmental change depends upon a means for reliably hat newly created oxbows persist in the environment, a means predicated upon an understanding o bsence of a mechanistic analysis of the sedimentation processes responsible for transforming se volumes of oxbow lakes, critical to the development of theory explaining the geomorphological a ing the geomorphological and ecological evolution of the floodplain environment. to achieve thi ecological evolution of the floodplain environment. to achieve this purpose, the work will: a. cipal controls on rates and patterns of sedimentation within newly forming oxbows using evidenc g evidence from the field and numerical modelling results; b. determine the mechanisms that est arated channel segments using numerical modelling experiments; c. document the influence of ini volumes on oxbow persistence as aquatic habitat from sedimentological data and numerical modell rom sedimentological data and numerical modelling; d. develop and validate a model capable of p al modelling; d. develop and validate a model capable of predicting the initial open-water volu ls. the results will also allow for the development of a quantitative model capable of predicti w for the development of a quantitative model capable of predicting oxbow persistence as aquati predicting oxbow persistence as aquatic habitat and will thus have significant impact on wider |
10037 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
10039 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
10293 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
10296 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
11055 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
11306 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
11570 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
11834 | 2 | reactive trace gases and particles with modelling studies of chemical processes in a protected
d-value to nerc resources by the active participation of international collaborators. |
15212 | 8 | -offs, particularly in key life-history traits and reproductive strategies in birds. recent stu
tudies emphasized the role of oxidative stress as an important physiological mediator of life-h rmine the impact of breeding effort and growth on oxidative damage in biomolecules in both germ the genetic architecture of life-hitory traits and oxidative-related parameters. this subprojec ge and sexual selection in life-history evolution. moreover, a long-term monitoring program on ideal species to work during the chick growth. the results from the different tasks will allow s to know broad aspects in life-history evolution, from a general perspective to proximate and olve recurrent problems in life-history evolution. |
13481 | 7 | project will generate new knowledge on ecosystem functioning. we will build a model of the dyn
ecosystem functioning. we will build a model of the dynamics of a number of key compounds: vit ins , defense enzymes against oxidative stress and fatty acid cpmposition, at different trophic e in baltic fish know as m74: oxidative stress, astaxanthin, thiamine and fatty acids. one of o urbances in fish correlate to a pelagic regime shift caused by large-scale environmental change a pelagic regime shift caused by large-scale environmental changes, notably eutrophication. in gned to obtain quantitative measures of ecosystem health for the baltic sea. this is scientific |
12531 | 5 | rnoviae in both nurseries and the wider environment. these strategies have largely focussed on
ance maintained on treating/removing re-growth of the host, it has been possible to prevent fur n that the pathogens can persist in the environment, particularly in soil, pathways and waterco e. this will allow investigation of the scale of contamination in each situation and give a mor e new spatial techniques to measure the development of disease on rhododendron plants infected |
14414 | 11 | sapes is a research environment combining ecological and socio-economic res
agricultural land-use, biodiversity and ecosystem services, and to create state-of-the-art deci ools to aid adaptive governance of agro-ecosystems. our aim is to understand how land-use and f affect farmland biodiversity and thus, ecosystem services. we are also interested to learn mor tion will then be used to generate agri-environment schemes that are better adapted to benefit ed to benefit farmers, biodiversity and ecosystem services. finally, we will provide decision-m ort tools that can be used to guide the development towards more applicable and implementable m table measures and schemes that benefit ecosystem services. sapes is a collaboration between lu . together we develop a strong research environment working for a sustainable agriculture where able agriculture where biodiversity and ecosystem services are managed as assets to society. sa to society. sapes as a strong research environment is financed for the five-year period 2010-2 |
11447 | 4 | of scales to resolve their lifestyles, community structure and intra-/interregional variation.
will allow reconstruction of ediacaran ecosystems on a scale of cm to 1000 plus minus km. the nstruction of ediacaran ecosystems on a scale of cm to 1000 plus minus km. the focus will be on role of organisms in defining the total environment, and understanding their contribution to ev |
14757 | 6 | in this project, the production of new palaeoecological sequences will join
vestigate the patterns and processes of vegetation change for iberia during the interval plioce related biogeographic processes such as migration and populational expansion/retraction. within g the use of an ecologically contingent model that give to inertia, resilience and vulnerabilit lience and vulnerability of terrestrial ecosystems an adequate role in interpreting palaeoecolo gaps in our knowledge of the floras and vegetation of the study period. to achieve part of thes |
9939 | 2 | xtra-african dispersion events in human evolution. the number and timing of such events remains
of human dispersion as one facet of the evolution of the terrestrial mammalian fauna of the pli |
6885 | 7 | ormant eggs and allozyme analysis along sediment cores. species composition of the subfossil zo
omposition of the subfossil zooplankton community can be reconstructed by its remains. it also n between recent and ancient crustacean community helps us to establish the ecological status o ant egg banks integrate spatio-temporal heterogeneity in cladoceran community, thus analysis of io-temporal heterogeneity in cladoceran community, thus analysis of dormant egg banks support u an actual diversity of microcrustacean community can be realised. hatching of daphnia ephippia . hatching of daphnia ephippia from the sediment supplies specimens for the allozyme study to r |
7149 | 3 | was to"hang"of the recordings of global climate changes in the tropics. long considered subject
t to degradation indices markers of the environment due to ambient conditions. the choice of th come this handicap through a geological environment conducive to trapping and conservation biog |
432 | 4 | rd of global climatic shift in tropical environment that is said to be neutral to this recordin
rety that erases the smooth shifting of environment. we undertook an archaeological approach of ording of climatic shifting in tropical environment, the second was to identify these shiftings o test the impact of volcanic events on climate as it is suggested that the role of volcanism h |
10219 | 3 | how climates changed and how plants and ecosystems responded. this work will use new chemical r
stalagmites to help understand how the environment of the indonesian region has changed over t floresiensis coincided with substantial environmental change. in particular by creating longer |
10905 | 3 | how climates changed and how plants and ecosystems responded. this work will use new chemical r
stalagmites to help understand how the environment of the indonesian region has changed over t floresiensis coincided with substantial environmental change. in particular by creating longer |
7450 | 4 | nternational markets. the effect on the ecosystem is little known, and the forests resilience i
the size of the resource by making palm community studies in the different forest formations an e policies in relation to resilience of ecosystems and use this to propose sustainable policies scientific publication for the research community. the team behind the proposal represents 10 u |
12728 | 1 | of special scientific interest and the environment agency in order to provide the contractor w
|
13346 | 4 | nternational markets. the effect on the ecosystem is little known, and the forests’ resilience
the size of the resource by making palm community studies in the different forest formations an e policies in relation to resilience of ecosystems and use this to propose sustainable policies scientific publication for the research community. the team behind the proposal represents 10 u |
10647 | 6 | ming years as a consequence of climatic warming. there may be no summer sea ice in the arctic b
ination causing a rapid increase in the growth of marine plants to quantify how strong and regu to quantify how strong and regular the migration behaviour is and relate this to the biologica ove models of how zooplankton transport carbon, through their faecal material, to depth. unders sea ice might alter changes in the way carbon is captured and stored in the productive arctic stand the role of zooplankton in arctic ecosystems and this is of particular importance if pred |
12070 | 8 | s can lead to severe damages, including oxygen depletion, decrease of light penetration, losses
habitats, and services , and the global warming. the fact that a lot of coastal dinoflagellates nt cysts that accumulate locally in the sediment is an inflating parameter: an invasive species rrent problem in the newly contaminated ecosystem. if a lot of works has been done to understan ence of the contaminated marine coastal ecosystems over time. long term surveys suggested that hese parasites in recently contaminated environment by toxic and invasive dinoflagellates in or nd their role on the resilience and the stability of marine coastal ecosystems. nce and the stability of marine coastal ecosystems. |
15061 | 2 | a central theme in community ecology is the search for principles accounti
project can contribute substantially to community ecology, fisheries, biology conservation, evo |
15145 | 1 | contamination as well as in the case of ecosystems perturbed by fire, constitute the main objec
|
14519 | 3 | eir health status, as it can affect the production and the reproductive capacity of their hosts
h. the final goal of the project is the development of specific control measures for each paras l measures for each parasitoses in each ecosystem, including hygienic and management measures f |
14521 | 3 | eir health status, as it can affect the production and the reproductive capacity of their hosts
h. the final goal of the project is the development of specific control measures for each paras l measures for each parasitoses in each ecosystem, including hygienic and management measures f |
14520 | 1 | nimals setting-up of an epidemiological model and establishment of control measures
|
11339 | 1 | ling begging reflects increased sibling competition arising from polyandrous mating.
|
7271 | 3 | l look in the 1,200 identified species, indicators of overall biodiversity and ecosystem servic
indicators of overall biodiversity and ecosystem services productions. indicator species class ity and ecosystem services productions. indicator species classes value of these attributes wil |
10985 | 17 | explicitly identify trade-offs between ecosystem services and between the wellbeing of differe
stakeholders resulting from policy and development scenarios and environmental change. we will om policy and development scenarios and environmental change. we will achieve this by combining ange. we will achieve this by combining modelling and participatory processes to represent inte the developed framework to the coastal environment of kenya through a series of expert and sta es of expert and stakeholder workshops. ecosystem services have become popular for understandin anding linkages between human needs and ecosystems, yet their use in practical application to p in practical application to problems of development and sustainability, and poverty alleviation or es frameworks to take account of the complexity and interactions inherent in social-ecologic s that account for trade-offs under the complexity of social-ecological systems with explicitly ll develop a novel framework to combine modelling and participatory processes to understand, do he framework in a case study of coastal environment of kenya. we will develop quantitative and cological components. interspersed with model development and data collation, we propose to con cal components. interspersed with model development and data collation, we propose to conduct f dological tools, plan scenarios, obtain model parameters, conduct multi-criteria analysis, and vide a framework to study trade-offs in ecosystem services and facilitate the discussion of sha r-group in policy discussion related to ecosystem services, and thus contribute to developing p |
10782 | 4 | iologically important elements, such as carbon situations. data describing changes in growth an
situations. data describing changes in growth and activity of the organisms will support the c esults will thence be incorporated into ecosystem models that will examine the implications for ill examine the implications for marine productivity and biogeochemistry of the improved descri |
11318 | 4 | iologically important elements, such as carbon situations. data describing changes in growth an
situations. data describing changes in growth and activity of the organisms will support the c esults will thence be incorporated into ecosystem models that will examine the implications for ill examine the implications for marine productivity and biogeochemistry of the improved descri |
13841 | 6 | tterns are analysed with regard to past land-use change as well as physical properties of the l
uthestern sweden representing different landscape change in the past, such as afforestation, ab t or intesification. historical data on land-use change is interpreted from old cadastral maps the 17th and 18th century. present-day vegetation is interpreted from aerial photographs and f ty of fragmentation, landuse change and habitat loss in grassland and small grassland habitats. ndcape scenarios is going to be used to model plant spieces survival and pattern depending on l |
10265 | 12 | since the discovery of fire and the development of agriculture, humans have been releasing
agriculture, humans have been releasing carbon dioxide . atmospheric co2 is predicted to steadi will dissolve in seawater, forcing the ph of the surface ocean lower and lower. it is likely t ower and lower. it is likely that ocean ph will reach values seen only rarely since the time of to control co2 emissions to keep ocean ph change within the limits calcifying organisms can co see dissolution of their shells, slower growth, failure to reproduce, dwarfism, or reduced acti uced activity, with impacts further the ecosystem. unrestricted industrial activities may even adapt and evolve in response to global environmental change. although the global environmental vironmental change. although the global environmental change we are causing now is many hundred the numbers. this will tell us how the ph of the ocean changed in the past. by linking this in g this information with observations of ecosystem changes and species extinctions will provide e vital clues to what changes in marine ecosystems we might expect in the future if we do not m |
10791 | 12 | since the discovery of fire and the development of agriculture, humans have been releasing
agriculture, humans have been releasing carbon dioxide . atmospheric co2 is predicted to steadi will dissolve in seawater, forcing the ph of the surface ocean lower and lower. it is likely t ower and lower. it is likely that ocean ph will reach values seen only rarely since the time of to control co2 emissions to keep ocean ph change within the limits calcifying organisms can co see dissolution of their shells, slower growth, failure to reproduce, dwarfism, or reduced acti uced activity, with impacts further the ecosystem. unrestricted industrial activities may even adapt and evolve in response to global environmental change. although the global environmental vironmental change. although the global environmental change we are causing now is many hundred the numbers. this will tell us how the ph of the ocean changed in the past. by linking this in g this information with observations of ecosystem changes and species extinctions will provide e vital clues to what changes in marine ecosystems we might expect in the future if we do not m |
2534 | 2 | onmental conditions, such as population density and influence individual production strategies
lation density and influence individual production strategies in the reindeer husbandry in norw |
2187 | 3 | nvestigate the occurrence of extinction thresholds, i.e. abrupt declines in patch occupancy acr
ivated pastures and uncultivated linear habitat elements. fourth, we evaluate consequences of d project will give insight into how both habitat quality and landscape structure affect viabilit |
15122 | 5 | se to study the pathways of river water distribution in stratified reservoirs and to evaluate t
evaluate the influence that river-borne nutrients have on the nutrient dynamics of the surface e processes determining the pathways of distribution of nutrients in stratified reservoirs and rmining the pathways of distribution of nutrients in stratified reservoirs and the changes of t smallest fraction of the phytoplankton community are triggered in response to changes in nutri |
11448 | 6 | ent theoretical work into the effect of spatial pattern on population dynamics and the pattern-
k into the effect of spatial pattern on population dynamics and the pattern-generating processe and the pattern-generating processes of population dynamics suggests that local competition and population dynamics suggests that local competition and limited dispersal could prevent competi ive exclusion and hence promote species richness. we propose to use a model system of annual pl e species richness. we propose to use a model system of annual plants to test this prediction u |
2048 | 9 | transparency, but above all stakeholder participation. this implies informed participation of f
er participation. this implies informed participation of fishermens organisations and of enviro ions and of environmentalists, but such participation warrants a far better information managem dly accessible. this leads to divergent perceptions amongst stakeholders on simple issues even, ers on simple issues even, like spatial distribution patterns of the fish, stock dynamics and t fishery relative to that of the natural environment. the three objectives of this study therefo cientists, and explaining the different perceptions from the type, content, availability and ac fic traditions and from the information environment, and 3. drafting an information management ent plan in support of a more equitable participation of all stakeholders |
2100 | 4 | causes for this difference include slow growth and low productivity of deep-sea fishes, and pos
difference include slow growth and low productivity of deep-sea fishes, and possibly that popo eographically beacause of the sedentary nature of most species and restrictions on movement imp ons on movement imposed by the physical environment. because little if anything is known on pop |
2091 | 6 | e interaction between organisms and the environment properties in the lower part of the pelagic
erties in the lower part of the pelagic food web. experimental work in laboratory and mesocosms nalysis in an attempt to understand how population dynamics, biodiversity and biogeochemical el inked complementary aspects of the same ecosystem. particular interest is directed to the relat diversity and which directs the flow of energy and material in the food web. stable coexistence the flow of energy and material in the food web. stable coexistence, as opposed to unstable fl |
14164 | 16 | primary productivity enables life on the earth. the possible im
he earth. the possible impact of global climate change on oceanographic conditions brings atten n to the biological importance of large-scale hydrological processes. the regulation of primary al processes. the regulation of primary production of communities is still not fully understood a few recent studies in oceanic coastal ecosystems, while there is no available data from estua ilable data from estuarine or non-tidal ecosystems. the topography-related exposure of marine a f exposure on the regulation of primary production is very poorly known to date. the project is neous regulation of benthic and pelagic production in the coastal sea. field experiments will b mbined with observations, sampling, and remote sensing techniques. spatially large-scaled inves l cover the benthic and pelagic primary production, the impact of herbivory, detrivory, and car lagic primary production, the impact of herbivory, detrivory, and carnivory on primary producti ry, detrivory, and carnivory on primary production, and the impact of eutrophication or consume of eutrophication or consumer-mediated facilitation on primary production and higher trophic l nsumer-mediated facilitation on primary production and higher trophic levels, as well as the sp d higher trophic levels, as well as the spatial variability of benthic and pelagic communities t the consequences of eutrophication or community changes at different hydrological conditions |
15387 | 6 | hind the striking difference in species richness between temperate and tropical regions. howeve
luencing diversification and phenotypic evolution in tropical taxa. in this project we will exa ivers of diversification and phenotypic evolution in tropical regions at both a micro- and macr at both a micro- and macro-evolutionary scale, providing an essential step forward in the under and central american amphibians as our model. amphibians represent nearly 15% of known vertebr e will test whether rates of phenotypic evolution increase with rates of speciation, as would b |
15390 | 3 | better understanding of the origin and evolution of one of the major and most threatened biodi
ndscapes are impacting wildlife and how climate changes affected in the past. this could provid hanges could be expected to have on the evolution of the diversity in this region and others. |
14938 | 7 | ternational priorities for research and development. in this framework, the study of the geneti
actors and processes that determine its distribution, contributes to the design of sound manage end, we aim at assessing the levels and distribution of genetic variability for t. baccata usin ned at two spatial scales: 1 across its distribution range in the iberian peninsula and baleari performed on a national-wide geographic scale, has the following objectives: and genetic dynami the species ecological and life-history traits in maintaining its evolutionary potential for co ionary potential for coping with global climate change, and to help in designing appropriate ma |
11111 | 5 | of all plants and animals vary in many traits that are controlled by genetic variation. findin
enes involved in economically important traits such as disease resistance in crops or insectici ically important traits such as disease resistance in crops or insecticide resistance in pests ease resistance in crops or insecticide resistance in pests and their relatives. here we will s n for convergence within the local prey community. mimicry alleles vary between and within popu |
9837 | 5 | of all plants and animals vary in many traits that are controlled by genetic variation. findin
enes involved in economically important traits such as disease resistance in crops or insectici ically important traits such as disease resistance in crops or insecticide resistance in pests ease resistance in crops or insecticide resistance in pests and their relatives. here we will s n for convergence within the local prey community. mimicry alleles vary between and within popu |
15492 | 1 | in our knowledge about the ecology and evolution of allopatry identification of common pattern
|
10899 | 3 | ry objective. 2. calcareous nannofossil evolution through eocene hyperthermals and the eocene c
shifts played a significant role in the evolution of the oceanic plankton at this time. if earl tion to test for the forcing effects of temperature and/or ocean chemistry changes . this is an |
2533 | 2 | ated methodology to address gaps in the evaluation of payments for environmental services deter
gaps in the evaluation of payments for environmental services determination of policy benchmar |
7719 | 2 | payments for environmental services programs are expanding rapidly a
an instrument for preserving endangered ecosystems, especially in developing countries where ps |
10409 | 50 | to understand how the biodiversity and ecosystem functions of peatlands across europe are impa
peatlands across europe are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and secondly, to are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and secondly, to develop meaningful ind ge, and secondly, to develop meaningful indicators of risk to these impacts. the peatlands of n thern europe are major global sinks for carbon and support a unique biological community. clima carbon and support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, t support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, threaten the on, however, threaten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reac ten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and osystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and other pollutants has already caused a sign of europe. there is also evidence that climate change will disturb peatland hydrology, through at climate change will disturb peatland hydrology, through widespread summer drying, thus reduc spread summer drying, thus reducing net carbon sequestration. this project aims to understand h understand how the combined stresses of nitrogen pollution and changing climate will affect bio sses of nitrogen pollution and changing climate will affect biodiversity and ecosystem properti ng climate will affect biodiversity and ecosystem properties of peatlands. we hypothesize that nds. we hypothesize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition, there will be reduct esize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition, there will be reductions in the di ypes, there will be replacement by more nitrogen-loving species and both these changes will con will contribute to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increa te to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increased losses of this will result in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principall ult in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated ed losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated levels of nit seen principally as elevated levels of nitrogen in stream-water and rising concentrations of g cipate that these negative responses to nitrogen pollution will worsen under climate change due to nitrogen pollution will worsen under climate change due to increased microbial activity seen n under climate change due to increased microbial activity seen particularly in warm summer con e relationship between peatland species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe p between peatland species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe. using field manipulations to alter water table and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interact le and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interaction between nitrogen pollution an e the nature of the interaction between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity eraction between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity and biogeochemistry. t the importance of species diversity for ecosystem elemental cycles will be assessed within cont also identify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and h ify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and how these ar iversity, and how these are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased unders are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased understanding will help us de understanding will help us develop bio-indicators of risk to peatland ecology and functional i functional integrity caused by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. for example, we sed by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. for example, we will be able to better , we will be able to better account for climate change in the setting of nitrogen critical load nt for climate change in the setting of nitrogen critical loads thresholds, and conversely, ass the setting of nitrogen critical loads thresholds, and conversely, assess more accurately how conversely, assess more accurately how nitrogen pollution affects the vulnerability of peatlan ity of peatlands to specific degrees of warming and summer drought. this is the first study inv interactive effects of n deposition and climate on bog biodiversity, linking plant diversity wi roach in using relational databases and gis to strengthen data analysis and facilitate communic sults with the stakeholder and end-user community. |
13611 | 48 | to understand how the biodiversity and ecosystem functions of peatlands across europe are impa
peatlands across europe are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop m are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of imate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of risk to these impacts. the peatlands of n thern europe are major global sinks for carbon and support a unique biological community. clima carbon and support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, t support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, threaten the on, however, threaten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reac ten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and osystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and other pollutants has already caused a sign of europe. there is also evidence that climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through at climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through widespread summer drying, thus reduci spread summer drying, thus reducing net carbon sequestration. this project aims to understand t lly. we hypothesize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reducti esize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reductions in the div being particularly sensitive. sensitive vegetation will be replaced by more nitrophilic species anges, together with enhanced microbial decomposition, will contribute to accelerated rates of will contribute to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increa te to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increased losses of this will result in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principall ult in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated ed losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated levels of nit seen principally as elevated levels of nitrogen in soil solution and rising concentrations of . we anticipate that these responses to nitrogen pollution will become exacerbated under climat pollution will become exacerbated under climate change, and under extreme conditions may lead t nditions may lead to a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address o a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we wn in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we will deter eatland above- and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe - and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe. using field manipulations to alter water table and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interact le and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution a the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity ractions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity and biogeochemistry. t the importance of species diversity for ecosystem elemental cycles will be assessed within cont also identify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and h ify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and how these ar iversity, and how these are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased unders are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased understanding will help us to derstanding will help us to develop bio-indicators of risk to peatland ecology and functional i functional integrity caused by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national a sed by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national and european scale, this mate change. on a national and european scale, this will allow us to identify the most vulnerab e current policy such as critical loads thresholds. this is the first study investigating the i interactive effects of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity i cts of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity in peatlands. fur roach in using relational databases and gis to strengthen data analysis and facilitate communic sults with the stakeholder and end-user community. |
15571 | 48 | to understand how the biodiversity and ecosystem functions of peatlands across europe are impa
peatlands across europe are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop m are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of imate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of risk to these impacts. the peatlands of n thern europe are major global sinks for carbon and support a unique biological community. clima carbon and support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, t support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, threaten the on, however, threaten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reac ten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and osystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and other pollutants has already caused a sign of europe. there is also evidence that climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through at climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through widespread summer drying, thus reduci spread summer drying, thus reducing net carbon sequestration. this project aims to understand t lly. we hypothesize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reducti esize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reductions in the div being particularly sensitive. sensitive vegetation will be replaced by more nitrophilic species anges, together with enhanced microbial decomposition, will contribute to accelerated rates of will contribute to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increa te to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increased losses of this will result in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principall ult in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated ed losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated levels of nit seen principally as elevated levels of nitrogen in soil solution and rising concentrations of . we anticipate that these responses to nitrogen pollution will become exacerbated under climat pollution will become exacerbated under climate change, and under extreme conditions may lead t nditions may lead to a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address o a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we wn in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we will deter eatland above- and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe - and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe. using field manipulations to alter water table and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interact le and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution a the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity ractions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity and biogeochemistry. t the importance of species diversity for ecosystem elemental cycles will be assessed within cont also identify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and h ify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and how these ar iversity, and how these are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased unders are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased understanding will help us to derstanding will help us to develop bio-indicators of risk to peatland ecology and functional i functional integrity caused by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national a sed by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national and european scale, this mate change. on a national and european scale, this will allow us to identify the most vulnerab e current policy such as critical loads thresholds. this is the first study investigating the i interactive effects of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity i cts of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity in peatlands. fur roach in using relational databases and gis to strengthen data analysis and facilitate communic sults with the stakeholder and end-user community. |
12376 | 2 | uk marine nutrient inputs to facilitate modelling of the most significant nutrient fluxes and t
trient loads. if the contribution of uk nutrients towards eutrophication in remote areas cannot |
11804 | 2 | important opportunity to determine what habitat and energy sources archean rocks provide to lif
portunity to determine what habitat and energy sources archean rocks provide to life today and |
15220 | 5 | es are having a strong impact of marine ecosystems. pelagic seabirds are one of the most pertur
the characterization of the biophysical traits of the marine habitat can help us to locate feed of the biophysical traits of the marine habitat can help us to locate feeding areas, build habi help us to locate feeding areas, build habitat suitability models and identify important bird ith this information we will also built habitat suitability models and will propose the protect |
7173 | 1 | l. the application of toxic products in nature is increasingly contested today. this has led us
|
7199 | 5 | ecological intensification of agricultural systems requires greate
f agricultural systems requires greater efficiency in use of resources and n p soil. . the comp ntary concepts of ecological niches and facilitation applied to agricultural systems encourage and installation of stands with greater functional diversity, allowing species and / or varieti tal - in terms of the n in resource use efficiency and p soil. this assessment combines bio- te |
12688 | 1 | to review the individual status of five biosphere reserves
|
15358 | 4 | namics of species in response to modern climate change are likely to be determined largely by p
ercus robur hybridisation with the more stress-tolerant q. pyrenaica results in better performa valuable background information for the development of appropriate strategies for their conserv nt in a changing, and presumably drier, climate. |
11395 | 9 | hat species coexist by exploiting their environment in different ways, and patterns of abundanc
ment in different ways, and patterns of abundance and rarity reflect the distinct roles played oles played by different species in the community. this view was supported by charles darwin, w t describing the patterns of rarity and abundance in many natural systems. however, not even hu re them to data. by contrast, hubbell s model is relatively simple, and its properties can be s can use the exact solution to hubbell s model to calculate how the predictions of our models di of piggy-backing on an exactly solvable model to study an unsolvable one is a well-established nd in species preferences for different habitat contribute to patterns of biodiversity. this wi ly different predictions from hubbell s model. we shall use our models to analyse data for high |
13347 | 1 | and nomenclators . pesi contributes the development of a unified cross-reference system and pro
|
457 | 3 | enefit from a fundamental and assiduous development of research activities, with strong needs f
nonetheless the phanerogam meadows are ecosystems that are barely studied on these islands, ev t in eastern africa show a multitude of ecosystem services, which make these plants an importan |
7208 | 10 | . phenological development is a trait common to the species life histo
opment is a trait common to the species life history and own biological rhythm: the apical bud nd shrubs of undergrowth, resumption of development among herbivorous insects, production of pr development among herbivorous insects, production of primary inoculum in parasitic fungi. gene ty of this feature allows you to set at community level, a character called phenological timing n the pyrenees, for the construction of growth curves of three species categories component com s. finally, the close dependence of the phenology of species to temperature suggests breaks phe pendence of the phenology of species to temperature suggests breaks phenological timing in resp eaks phenological timing in response to climate change. the experimental device used, as well a he experimental device used, as well as modeling, provide answers about the extent of these bre |
2083 | 10 | mediate and observable effect of global warming in norway is a transition in the seasonal veget
norway is a transition in the seasonal vegetation cycles. changes in the phenological phases a n the first indication of transition in ecosystem. a lengthening of the growing season, as obse n norway, is likely to increase biomass production and accelerated tree growth across the regio biomass production and accelerated tree growth across the region. changed winter and spring con due to more snow from increased winter precipitation as observed in the northern continental r e important climatic variables, this to model and predict changes in future phenological timing future phenological timing and primary production along the north-south, coastal-inland and al est. the project will study the role of climate variability as a driving factor for the reindee lergies in norway, and changes in goose migration patterns. |
15426 | 3 | phenology is the study of the timing of recurring seaso
nt of view, variability in reproductive phenology may lead to genetic differentiation within a eding depression and see the biological efficiency in relation to the degree of overlap of the |
7226 | 1 | n the speciation through the drosophila model sechellia / mauritiana / simulans, which played a
|
467 | 2 | of knowledge on speciation through the model drosophila sechellia/mauritiana/stimulans, which
hese islands constitute an advantageous environment for developing more research on species for |
15486 | 6 | rphological structures or physiological function in adult animals in response to environmental
ve period of the day in a thermoneutral environment and post-absorptive state. recent studies h ns to biotic and abiotic changes in the environment. phenotypic response of bird bmr in respons on, food restriction, osmoregulation or temperature changes, have received a lot of attention i rgetic constraints, such as nutritional stress and immunization, osmoregulation and immunizatio ation and osmoregulation and increasing temperature. our general hypothesis is that phenotypic |
6741 | 3 | are often incomplete and inconsistent. evaluation of the native gene resources has become an i
gical reasons of their diversity in its complexity, which information are useful during introdu ation. we decided the adaptation and/or development of the modem methods of chemical analysis, |
14953 | 9 | n biodiversity and functionality of the ecosystems or, in other words, between biogeochemistry
ther words, between biogeochemistry and population dynamics. in lakes much is known on phosphor ion dynamics. in lakes much is known on phosphorus, particularly after the research effort make in addition to its central role in lake productivity, his influence on shaping communities as l an influence and concentrate on natural phosphorus levels, still there is much to study for und ogical and evolving mechanisms in which phosphorus plays a relevant role. the alpine lake conte indirectly control the relevance of the phosphorus loading form outside the system to study the tion and survival mechanisms related to phosphorus availability in distinct phytoplankton organ d to determine its role in the seasonal succession of alpine lakes. our ultimate goal is to ach |
10301 | 2 | been linked to increased rates of plant growth, changes in species composition and proliferatio
ssitating the introduction of expensive mitigation measures. these measures can only succeed if |
11290 | 2 | e spent developing a radiative transfer model of the snow and sea-ice to estimate these fluxes
e these fluxes with simple mathematical function for other users. |
15454 | 32 | tanding the factors that control litter decomposition is fundamental to our understanding of te
tal to our understanding of terrestrial ecosystem functioning. litter decomposition is the prim rrestrial ecosystem functioning. litter decomposition is the primary source of soil nutrients a mposition is the primary source of soil nutrients and it is also a fundamental component of the o a fundamental component of the global carbon cycle. litter and soil organic matter pools cont of the global carbon cycle. litter and soil organic matter pools contain important amounts of tter pools contain important amounts of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and their relative fas ortant amounts of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems and their relative fast turnover rates makes lative fast turnover rates makes litter decomposition one of the most dynamic components of the e most dynamic components of the global carbon cycle. litter decomposition is controlled mainly ents of the global carbon cycle. litter decomposition is controlled mainly by litter quality, t is controlled mainly by litter quality, temperature and precipitation. however, these factors f inly by litter quality, temperature and precipitation. however, these factors fail to explain d however, these factors fail to explain decomposition rates in arid ecosystems. recently, the p to explain decomposition rates in arid ecosystems. recently, the process of photodegradation h dentified as the main process of litter decomposition in semiarid ecosystems. it is a process b ess of litter decomposition in semiarid ecosystems. it is a process by which solar radiation br ch solar radiation breaks down directly organic matter components releasing co2 and thus, it is ng co2 and thus, it is a direct loss of carbon from the ecosystem to the atmosphere without bei it is a direct loss of carbon from the ecosystem to the atmosphere without being incorporated ere without being incorporated into the soil organic matter pool. however, few studies have qua his process and its contribution to the ecosystem carbon balance as well as its response to cli s and its contribution to the ecosystem carbon balance as well as its response to climate chang rbon balance as well as its response to climate change. the aim of this project is to tackle so contribution of photodegradation to the ecosystem carbon balance in a mediterranean shrubland s on of photodegradation to the ecosystem carbon balance in a mediterranean shrubland site where mediterranean shrubland site where net ecosystem exchange is being measured. moreover, it will the contribution of photodegradation to soil respiration, standing mass decomposition will be d tion to soil respiration, standing mass decomposition will be done using a specific uv transpar contribution of this process to litter decomposition in semiarid ecosytems and to the ecosyste sition in semiarid ecosytems and to the ecosystem carbon balance. another part of the project w semiarid ecosytems and to the ecosystem carbon balance. another part of the project will test t |
15399 | 1 | . the availability of the genome of the model aphid acyrthosiphon pisum will help in our study.
|
14767 | 11 | fects of leaf longevity on resource use efficiency in limiting environments constitute a long-d
ducing the instantaneous photosynthetic efficiency, and this could compensate the advantages de the present project is to calculate the production and the photosynthetic nitrogen and water us e the production and the photosynthetic nitrogen and water use efficiency integrated along the e photosynthetic nitrogen and water use efficiency integrated along the whole leaf life in medi life of the different species and will model the effects of the seasonal climatic variation on e also useful to predict the impacts of climate change. we hypothesize that in a seasonal clima ange. we hypothesize that in a seasonal climate the percentage of the total leaf life under unf s must increase with leaf longevity. if climate change leads to variations in the strength of t effects on instantaneous photosynthetic efficiency. by contrast, deciduous species may respond ons in the instantaneous photosynthetic efficiency. these different responses may change the co |
11099 | 8 | in the oceanic environment growth constraints, most notably the in sit
in the oceanic environment growth constraints, most notably the in situ light envi traints, most notably the in situ light environment and nutrient availability, restrict specifi al physiology which must underlie these growth constraints. the component of cyanobacterial phy yanobacterial physiology that restricts growth under different light regimes is photosynthesis. se that photosynthetic performance as a function of growth at different light intensities impli osynthetic performance as a function of growth at different light intensities implicate specifi ogy as key determinants in defining the community structure of these organisms. in order to add |
148 | 6 | s to continue and extend the studies of evolution and systematics in the grass genus bromus and
genetic systematics, phylogeography and evolution in botany. the main objectives of the project th traditional taxonomic treatments. 3. evaluation of genetic diversity and breeding system in s - b. intermedius in relation to their evolution. 4. to assess intraspecific variation of isoz lation to their evolution. 4. to assess intraspecific variation of isozymes, chromosome numbers uropean regions in order to study their migration history and to locate areas of high diversity |
10811 | 5 | natural ecosystems consist of complex networks of species that
scriptions of these networks are called food webs. just like other networks from an exceptional rom an exceptionally well characterised food web that has been collected over a period of 10 ye hypotheses on the organisation of this food web. in the future we can then formulate hypothese n then formulate hypotheses on how this community will respond to perturbations such as the inv |
14744 | 3 | aim of correlating the phylogeographic evolution of both groups and the evolution of the medit
raphic evolution of both groups and the evolution of the mediterranean vegetation. and the evolution of the mediterranean vegetation. |
14930 | 9 | iological adaptations to their peculiar environment. in insects, morphological changes include
es include reduction of eyes and wings, development of long appendages and seta, and a softened ation, reflecting the needs in a stable habitat characterised by darkness, high humidity, const ed by darkness, high humidity, constant temperature and limited food resources. this strong sel st species are known to have a high fat metabolism, extended lifetime and a narrow temperature abolism, extended lifetime and a narrow temperature tolerance, with some even having modificati ere we propose the investigation of the evolution of the life cycle of cave beetles of the speo monal control mechanisms regulating the development. in holometabolous insects the hormones reg s over the time of embryonic and larval development will be measured. since the profiling of th |
216 | 1 | y in europe . the age of the substrate, ph of the bark and light conditions will be measured, a
|
10087 | 3 | biologists need sophisticated models of evolution. our research will develop mathematical model
rch will develop mathematical models of evolution that can detect when pairs of species differ hings as viral and pathogenic bacterial evolution, the origin and spread of disease, conservati |
2477 | 8 | c stressors are causing changes in many ecosystems. discovery of these changes however, are oft
extend our operations towards sensitive ecosystems that have previously been protected from res to a particular environmental stressor. ecosystem change caused by anthropogenic stressors is d climatic change. accurate monitoring of ecosystems therefore requires high resolution, both tem ted to this. we propose to initiate the development of the worlds most advanced marine environm valuate microarray technology, using 30 indicator species with several phylogenetic markers for ew knowledge of human impacts on marine ecosystems particularly the short and long-term effects ing petroleum resources have on oceanic ecosystems. |
14844 | 4 | s proposal will study the phylogeny and evolution of earthworms belonging to the family lumbric
ae phylogeny will allow us to study the evolution of the spermathecae into a phylogenetic frame first comprehensive study of lumbricids evolution using a phylogenetic approach after more than nowledge and understanding of earthworm evolution. this proposal is also a landmark study in ea |
15014 | 2 | racters as genitalia, we may remark the evolution of the wing pattern, that we pretend to gener
to the whole lepidoptera order, and the evolution of the secondary sexual characters. finally t |
14701 | 2 | d, and biogeographical aspects on their distribution will be studied. finally, analyses of popu
e abundant in the iberian salt-marshes, ecosystems dramatically threatened by human activities, |
10971 | 16 | l way of distinguishing these models of community assembly. if closely related species are ecol
re ecologically similar, then under the competition model, close relatives are less likely to c lly similar, then under the competition model, close relatives are less likely to coexist, and ess likely to coexist, and species in a community should be less closely related, on average, t d, on average, than expected. under the habitat-filtering model, close relatives should be more n expected. under the habitat-filtering model, close relatives should be more likely to coexist ikely to coexist, as they share similar habitat preferences. other predictions about phylogenet s. other predictions about phylogenetic community structure follow it there is little or no lin y. i will examine patterns phylogenetic community structure across large numbers of mammal comm in, and search for any systematic large-scale variation with spatial scale and across geographi y systematic large-scale variation with spatial scale and across geographical gradients. i will raphical gradients. i will simulate the evolution of ecological traits and the assembly of comm ll simulate the evolution of ecological traits and the assembly of communities to fine-tune pre predictions about expected phylogenetic community patterns under different scenarios. the proje generality of patterns of phylogenetic community structure and give new insights into the proc w insights into the processes governing community assembly and local diversity. |
14454 | 4 | elaborated phylogeny 5. analysis of the distribution of the parasitic worms from mullets among
parasitological studies at the clge 5. development of the interinstitutional collaboration bet erts for increasing of their scientific productivity and career development heir scientific productivity and career development |
2066 | 5 | isms, is directly related to geographic migration and isolation of clade members over time. the
so far been produced. barriers to plant migration have been created and lifted alternately thro oject will form a case study toward the development of a model for mosaic evolution of the nort case study toward the development of a model for mosaic evolution of the northern hemisphere f d the development of a model for mosaic evolution of the northern hemisphere flora, and will ad |
155 | 4 | ion for floras and keys. newly obtained distribution data will be added to distribution maps.th
ined distribution data will be added to distribution maps.the research proposed will provide an ion to the understanding of postglacial evolution and distribution of plant taxa in the baltic erstanding of postglacial evolution and distribution of plant taxa in the baltic sea region. al |
15196 | 2 | and its phylogenetic relationships and evolution are the object of study of a number of intern
boeckelereae, never studied before. the evolution of morphological, reproductive, biogeographic |
15010 | 1 | his, we will select 100 introns of fast evolution and which, in addition, are single-copy genes
|
15379 | 1 | iability of the three species and their habitat preference.
|
15009 | 1 | andiodes will allow us to establish the distribution patterns of m. moricandioides within a his
|
14648 | 3 | e modelled speciation processes and the distribution of species. the understanding of these pro
s such as the expansion of agriculture, habitat fragmentation or global warming have determined ulture, habitat fragmentation or global warming have determined the demography and, thus, the c |
15329 | 7 | environments not appropriate for their development, the situation can be described as habitat-
ment, the situation can be described as habitat-islands within continental fragments. thus, our y to evaluate the biological effects of habitat insularity in the continental fragments of the eliable data that may contribute to the development of such hypotheses, by means of careful stu ful studies that examine the effects of habitat fragmentation and connectivity. we will check w he effects of habitat fragmentation and connectivity. we will check whether any consistency can fragile, especially in relation to the climate changes that may occur in the future. |
6940 | 4 | tion in the budai hills, and to map the distribution of the amphibian killing chytrid fungus ba
d the reconstruction of the postglacial colonization of the two species within europe. these re ion living isolated in a very disturbed environment, and could help successful conservation man ian amphibian populations could map the distribution of chytridiomycosis in central-europe, and |
15512 | 3 | ve clarified some issues concerning the distribution of genetic variation of this species, howe
f 30 populations will be studied in the distribution area of this species, specially in the ibe agement plans, at both the specific and habitat levels. |
14913 | 5 | t the general models of freshwater fish distribution, and the identification of cobitiform biod
pteridae. both families exhibit a broad distribution in the selected areas, low dispersal abili rical processes during their origin and evolution. phylogeography serves as the theoretical fra storical scenarios that explain current distribution patterns. therefore, phylogeography place nd mitochondrial genes with low rate of evolution in a comparative phylogeograhical framework b |
14608 | 2 | understanding the present distribution of a group of organisms and the patterns a
ly the timing of those events known the distribution of sexual and asexual populations for each |
6886 | 4 | gall wasps are important model systems in many subject areas ranging from ecolog
of specialist inhabitants. however, the stability of these communities is not known. large scal f these communities is not known. large scale structure of modern populations may be explained vel of variability may rise simply from life history. for example, among host genetic different |
12060 | 3 | as are never fixed over geological time scale, and shift, expand, or shrink. a community is a l
scale, and shift, expand, or shrink. a community is a local assemblage of species, interacting ies, interacting or not, sharing a same habitat. the response of the assemblage to climatic osc |
13453 | 4 | ounder or priority effects refer to the dominance of strains or species that arrive first to a
s or species that arrive first to a new habitat. these are enhanced by short generation time, r of geographic distance and hydrographic connectivity in the toxic marine alexandrium ostenfeldi te gonyostomum semen. in laboratory and mesocosm experiments we will test priority effects and |
10570 | 8 | river patterns and dynamics have viewed vegetation as having a passive role. however, over the
hly influential in controlling landform development and dynamics along river margins. whilst ri ing by plants potential consequences of climate - flow regime change for the above to do this w igate broad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. su oad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. surveys of nge along gradients of stream power and sediment characteristics. 3. detailed field and laborat amics associated with the biogeomorphic model 4. air photograph analysis to define temporal dyn temporal dynamics of the biogeomorphic model. |
11052 | 8 | river patterns and dynamics have viewed vegetation as having a passive role. however, over the
hly influential in controlling landform development and dynamics along river margins. whilst ri ing by plants potential consequences of climate - flow regime change for the above to do this w igate broad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. su oad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. surveys of nge along gradients of stream power and sediment characteristics. 3. detailed field and laborat amics associated with the biogeomorphic model 4. air photograph analysis to define temporal dyn temporal dynamics of the biogeomorphic model. |
11504 | 8 | river patterns and dynamics have viewed vegetation as having a passive role. however, over the
hly influential in controlling landform development and dynamics along river margins. whilst ri ing by plants potential consequences of climate - flow regime change for the above to do this w igate broad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. su oad associations between stream energy, sediment calibre and biogeomorphic forms. 2. surveys of nge along gradients of stream power and sediment characteristics. 3. detailed field and laborat amics associated with the biogeomorphic model 4. air photograph analysis to define temporal dyn temporal dynamics of the biogeomorphic model. |
13946 | 6 | essary to be able to understand primary production in the baltic sea. especially, field studies
, in relation to variations in plankton production, are important. the bioavailability of fe to ratory-based culture studies and marine ecosystem dynamics. there is a urgent need to bridge th ts and the situation in the real marine ecosystem, i.e. the gap between the physiological respo responses of single organisms to fe in model systems and that of populations of organisms with lations of organisms within the natural ecosystem. this project can contribute in bridging this |
14503 | 14 | pollution episodes and influencing the climate. the functions of vocs in plants are controvers
t abiotic stresses often exacerbated by global change. in this project, we will carry out a mul dely represented in spanish terrestrial ecosystems, and to improve the parametrization and mode and to improve the parametrization and modelling of vocs emissions. in a first approach, we wi ocused in other abiotic factors such as temperature, irradiation, water availability, co2 and o e response of diverse species to biotic stress produced by herbivorism and abiotic factors such will be parametrized and modelled as a function of these biotic and abiotic factors. in this p introduce the study of emissions at the community level comparing communities with different sp e idea is, in addition to measuring and modelling the emissions at ecosystemic scale, to obtain modelling the emissions at ecosystemic scale, to obtain a measure of vocs atmospheric biodiver biodiversity and its relationship with community biodiversity. we also will focus on the diffe land uses, one of the big components of global change that can have a more important effect on onmental factors, land uses and type of ecosystem will be improved with the results obtained in onmental monitoring in the framework of global change and biodiversity changes. finally, this p |
9947 | 7 | on atmospheric chemistry and influence climate through the production of aerosols. dimethylsul
istry and influence climate through the production of aerosols. dimethylsulphide has relatively ethylsulphide has relatively well known production pathways, so i will examine plankton species n a molecular path to understanding dms production and investigate linkages between the sulphur tigate linkages between the sulphur and nitrogen cycles. for biogenic halocarbons and hydrocarb oader and deeper knowledge of trace gas production at the physiological and molecular level, an whether this might change under future climate scenarios. |
12558 | 1 | rnoviae in the natural and semi-natural environment.
|
15203 | 20 | ater. however, at present, many aquatic ecosystems do not have the desirable quality status. th
is welcome. the fact that some aquatic ecosystems can show alternative states is well known: a r system dominated by submerged aquatic vegetation and with much more biodiversity or b a turbi nkton-dominated system in which aquatic vegetation disappears and all life forms related to it. that is obtaining the submerged aquatic vegetation fully developed with all its benefits. the i its benefits. the importance of aquatic vegetation in the achievement and maintenance of transp ed picture of the phytoplankton-aquatic vegetation interaction that combines all the informatio information regarding the environmental complexity does not exist yet. it is not known whether fact influences the success of aquatic vegetation over microalgae. it is necessary to know whe oalgae. it is necessary to know whether allelopathy is an important interaction between macroph macrophytes and phytoplankton at field scale and, therefore, to determine what role this inter is essential to know to what extent the sediment vegetation propapule bank can be useful in the ial to know to what extent the sediment vegetation propapule bank can be useful in the restorat effect of uv radiation and pollution by nutrients on the plankton-submerged macrophytes relatio in the reduction of planktonic primary production and biomass. this project also aims to deal ms to deal in depth in the knowledge of allelopathy as a control factor in the establishment of eal weight of this interaction at field scale. finally, this project will determine the natural determine the natural potential of the sediment propagule bank of aquatic vegetation in these the sediment propagule bank of aquatic vegetation in these environments. thus, facilitating th tablishing a less vulnerable macrophyte community in the presence of global changes and more ef |
2513 | 9 | in the global biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other key elements . the overall ecological
t also its taxonomic diversity and size distribution, determines the efficiency by which fixed y and size distribution, determines the efficiency by which fixed carbon is transferred to high etermines the efficiency by which fixed carbon is transferred to higher trophic levels and into nd into the deep ocean- and sedimentary carbon reservoirs. concern is growing that rising tempe f atmospheric co2 and lowering of ocean ph may disrupt primary productivity in the future ocean owering of ocean ph may disrupt primary productivity in the future oceans. previous culture exp at are build as time series of adaptive evolution of algal size around an optimal state. the mo hts into how algae have adapted to past environmental change, and help predict how they may ada |
14133 | 12 | the plankton ecosystem of the baltic sea is under the pressure of tw
ropogenic pressures: eutrophication and climate change. the predicted runoff changes in the bal n the baltic sea catchment area, due to climate change, imply decreasing surface salinities pot inities potentially favoring increasing dominance of cladocerans over copepods. the basic diffe over copepods. the basic differences in ecological stoichiometry of these competing mesozooplan m why we empirically witness consistent nitrogen limitation of primary producers in the coastal ies is analyzed for trends and possible regime shifts in nutrient limitation and phytoplankton or trends and possible regime shifts in nutrient limitation and phytoplankton response. an exis sponse. an existing data set of 6 large-scale mesocosm experiments with contrasting grazer comm . an existing data set of 6 large-scale mesocosm experiments with contrasting grazer communitie ill be analysed for association between functional groups of phytoplankton and dominant grazer rried out with natural coastal plankton community combining varying degree of n and p limitatio |
12041 | 1 | ysophyceae and haptophytes. • bacterial community structure seems to be somewhat coupled to tha
|
9917 | 4 | e decay components corresponding to the development of carotenoid-mediated photoprotection. res
urely optical method of determining the efficiency with which energy derived from absorbed phot f determining the efficiency with which energy derived from absorbed photons are conveyed to th factor in formulating models of primary production. |
10795 | 1 | nd, at the same time, provides an ideal model to study evolutionary change. despite decades of
|
9943 | 1 | nd, at the same time, provides an ideal model to study evolutionary change. despite decades of
|
11342 | 3 | n important selective force driving the evolution of host sex ratios and host sex determining m
ts, srds of crustacea act later in host development by modulating the endocrine control of sexu tools to monitor androgen gland hormone production in future studies of environmental sex deter |
12434 | 4 | summary objectives: to provide full scale, pilot evaluation of the application of genetic e
bjectives: to provide full scale, pilot evaluation of the application of genetic egg identifica and to provide high-resolution data on distribution of spawning by cod and other species in 20 and other species in 2006 to inform the review of appropriate temporal and spatial boundaries f |
10381 | 7 | composition appears to be dominated by nitrogen-loving taxa. the review and assessment of lond
dominated by nitrogen-loving taxa. the review and assessment of london s air quality confirms the protective standards for sensitive ecosystems and vegetation and human health. this study standards for sensitive ecosystems and vegetation and human health. this study will for the fi tistical techniques will be applied and gis maps constructed to examine the relationship betwee ecessary towards establishing practical indicator scales to monitor the effects of the new poll onitor the effects of the new pollution climate. |
11114 | 3 | ts have been made in the field of large scale protein and chemical identification. furthermore,
ong those, the most widely known is the production of halogenated compounds which are the major al habitats and to assess their role in ecosystem dynamics. |
12258 | 1 | proposals for the revised nitrate vulnerable zone .
|
10460 | 5 | ton samples collected during the marine productivity cruises in the irminger sea will be analys
n size spectra obtained from the marine productivity samples will be compared with the data obt c. the results will help understand how energy transfer in the plankton is affected by temperat transfer in the plankton is affected by temperature and productivity. plankton is affected by temperature and productivity. |
12734 | 1 | ide the evidence needed to underpin the development of biodiversity offsets policy. it will inc
|
14526 | 4 | habitat fragmentation modifies the outcomes of plant-an
by means of interaction-mediated plant recruitment patterns across secondary succession. we wi iated plant recruitment patterns across secondary succession. we will use a multiple methodolog d manipulative, process-oriented, small scale experiments. |
14478 | 3 | ctures of the introns, as well as their distribution in the urocystis species and their hosts.
ll as the strategies of penetration and colonization. 6.- to relate the structures and strategi h the presence, secondary structure and distribution of gi introns 7.- design a web page to spr |
7026 | 2 | understanding the effects of plant functional groups on food chains within the soil subsys
hains within the soil subsystem and the density and diversity of soil organisms of different tr |
7014 | 9 | ecosystem respiration and c/n ratios on litter decompos
ecosystem respiration and c/n ratios on litter decomposition and em respiration and c/n ratios on litter decomposition and related microbial community structure ios on litter decomposition and related microbial community structure and activity, - an assess n assessment of microbial diversity and community structure at the grassland sites and their li sites and their link to c fluxes, - the development of a process-based model linking c assimila s, - the development of a process-based model linking c assimilation, non-structural carbohydra l carbohydrates and plant and microbial respiration. by focussing on the processes underlying e y focussing on the processes underlying ecosystem c fluxes in differently managed grasslands th |
12515 | 3 | t policy ambitions for lowering inputs. production of regional varieties does not fit within th
ational listing trialling system on the development of vegetable varieties for sustainable and/ eties for sustainable and/or ‘regional’ production by carrying out a case study of a small ‘reg |
14211 | 3 | ith individual-based spatially explicit community models. we shall use most up-to-date methods,
st up-to-date methods, e.g. plant small-scale coexistence will be described both above and belo ecology and our findings can be used in nature conservation and management. |
15008 | 13 | the climate change affects the functional biodiversity caus
y causing changes in the structures and ecosystem functioning. knowledge and analyses of the bi functional characters that predict the climate change and can be used as ecological indicators t the climate change and can be used as ecological indicators. the aim of the project is to est biodiversity changes as a result of the climate change in sierra nevada . sierra nevada is the in sierra nevada . sierra nevada is the ecosystem of a high mountain with a great floristic div fect would be carried out by means of a climate altitudinal gradient from 1,600m to 3,300m on t functional vegetative and regenerative traits measured in c. 100 most characteristic vegetativ evant characters and their value as key ecological indicators in functional biodiversity. the s gies which permit the estimation of the migration and survival ability in situ of the species l ific phenological adaptation. a current model of the distribution of plant functional types can ical adaptation. a current model of the distribution of plant functional types can be used to p a current model of the distribution of plant functional types can be used to predict the futur |
13367 | 1 | rotect them. to realize those aims, the distribution areas of maps are determined. maps is coll
|
15506 | 6 | ng alters the decomposer system and its ecosystem services through changing the soil environmen
stem services through changing the soil environment. in this proposal it is intended to survey e genomes, biogeochemical functions and community structure of ectomycorrhizal to ascertain whe lects certain phenotypes. understanding community phylogenetic patterns and the molecular basis gical processes, and to predict how the ecosystem functioning can be altered through the increa increasing wildfire frequency caused by temperature rise. |
12545 | 3 | h international fungal biology research community. close interaction with and benefit to the al
tion with and benefit to the alternaria community will be ensured through various dissemination ed uk research group to co-ordinate the development of fungal dna barcoding technologies, and t |
202 | 4 | even under temperate climate conditions, plants are likely to experience hea
s, plants are likely to experience heat stress during dry and sunny summer periods. the sensiti ity of photosynthetic reactions to heat stress can differ between species or clones of the same ially important hybrid aspen clones and indicators for oxidative burst and programmed cell deat |
2461 | 3 | or example insects, pathogens and plant nutrients. presence of these myrosin cells is a typical
rogrammed cell death to investigate the function of these defence cells in plant and plant stre these defence cells in plant and plant stress. |
10981 | 5 | opical forests arises because of strong density-dependent seed and seedling mortality. in other
ong density-dependent seed and seedling mortality. in other words, seeds and seedlings are more ting any one species from reaching high abundance. it is widely suspected that fungus-like plan pathogens are responsible for seedling density-dependence. however, the evidence for their rol ss five key outstanding questions: does mortality from pathogens increase diversity we will car |
15011 | 8 | responses to different types of abiotic stress is one of the most active research topics in pla
lications in agriculture, since abiotic stress . for this, we will determine the levels of seve teristic of different pathways of plant stress responses. we will also carry out studies on the rategy of using wild plants tolerant to stress in their natural environment, may contribute to nts tolerant to stress in their natural environment, may contribute to the improvement of our k to the improvement of our knowledge on stress response mechanisms, providing complementary inf s in this field, which use non-tolerant model species and laboratory or greenhouse artificial c egies for these fragile and interesting ecosystems, which are highly treathened or, in many cas |
11469 | 7 | populations at the margins of a species distribution are of interest for a variety of reasons:
e need to deduce what properties of the environment at a range margin prevent the species from utions change in response to changes in climate or land use we will examine ecological, physiol of ongoing evolutionary change in these traits, and for the processes limiting such adaptation: this species is closely related to the model species arabidopsis thaliana, we have many modern al and we can test whether well-studied stress responses found in this widespread species corre rties of a species can help explain its distribution. |
9978 | 7 | populations at the margins of a species distribution are of interest for a variety of reasons:
e need to deduce what properties of the environment at a range margin prevent the species from utions change in response to changes in climate or land use we will examine ecological, physiol of ongoing evolutionary change in these traits, and for the processes limiting such adaptation: this species is closely related to the model species arabidopsis thaliana, we have many modern al and we can test whether well-studied stress responses found in this widespread species corre rties of a species can help explain its distribution. |
14212 | 10 | hbours may be explained by depletion of nutrients by neighbouring roots, the results of several
whose direct inhibitory effect on root growth has been demonstrated in several study systems. even less is known about the role of co-evolution in determining the nature and specificity of role of co-evolution in determining the nature and specificity of root interactions. nonetheles dramatically alter the outcome of plant competition. the root exudates of invasive plant specie have a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of native plants in an invaded range. by contras little response or even an increase in growth in response to the same exudates. we propose tha o the same exudates. we propose that co-evolution may lead to exudates that originally had toxi eighbour recognition and the role of co-evolution in shaping plant interactions cannot be fully character of root interactions, and the function of root exudates and soil biota as mediators o |
10549 | 2 | y expertise: the centre for ecology and hydrology . the hordeivirus can be pollen-borne, while
to reduce the burden of disease in the community. |
11047 | 2 | y expertise: the centre for ecology and hydrology . the hordeivirus can be pollen-borne, while
to reduce the burden of disease in the community. |
12047 | 1 | at the species and varieties level, its evolution under the social and environmental pressures
|
7682 | 7 | f grassland biodiversity in the face of global change, and to design good mitigation measures i
ce of global change, and to design good mitigation measures in terms of farming management. thi biodiversity dynamics based on species functional traits, focusing on two biodiversity layers: biodiversity dynamics. we will develop model-based scaling techniques to upscale our plot-leve s in the massif central. with these new modelling tools in hand, we will analyze different scen rios of change in farming practices and climate in their impact on regional biodiversity. these ly mitigate the threats associated with global change. |
14662 | 25 | future scenarios of global change forecast important changes in the mediter
decrease of the biological diversity of ecosystems as well as changes in some soil properties r f ecosystems as well as changes in some soil properties relevant to soil resistance to erosion n some soil properties relevant to soil resistance to erosion processes. these changes lead to the accelerated rhythm of mediterranean ecosystem degradation, there is an urgent need to know an urgent need to know the effects that climate change might have on ecosystems and their compo fects that climate change might have on ecosystems and their components in order to be able to eraction between erosion and aridity on vegetation cover, floristic composition and community r tation cover, floristic composition and community richness, plant morphological and functional er, floristic composition and community richness, plant morphological and functional traits and unity richness, plant morphological and functional traits and soil characteristics related to p d soil characteristics related to plant colonization and development in mediterranean ecosystem stics related to plant colonization and development in mediterranean ecosystems. the specific o zation and development in mediterranean ecosystems. the specific objectives of the proposal are degree of patchiness resulting from the intensification of erosion and aridity, and to identify riations in the plant morphological and functional traits of resistant and colonizing species o adient, in order to obtain a predictive model of plant functional types that allows the selecti n order to obtain a predictive model of plant functional types that allows the selection of spe ical characteristics in relation to the intensification of erosion and aridity and their intera to identify and validate a set of soil indicators of the state and trend of both processes. an sses. and moreover to identify critical thresholds of soil properties that might be limiting fo over to identify critical thresholds of soil properties that might be limiting for the differen ifferent plant species. 4. to develop a model describing the formation of fertility islands or to the management of mediterranean-like ecosystems in a scenario of climatic change. the inform the actions planed to restore degraded ecosystems and fight desertification by providing usefu |
10292 | 3 | tracking changes in the composition of vegetation. these uniquely detailed records will then b
natomical information, and from data on vegetation and climate, where megafaunal remains have b mation, and from data on vegetation and climate, where megafaunal remains have been found relia |
11086 | 3 | tracking changes in the composition of vegetation. these uniquely detailed records will then b
natomical information, and from data on vegetation and climate, where megafaunal remains have b mation, and from data on vegetation and climate, where megafaunal remains have been found relia |
7475 | 5 | at the heart of this project lies the development, trialling and operationalisation of a tool
led in seeking to address anthropogenic climate change by attempting to shift patterns of consu llow these policy-makers to examine the nature and validity of assumptions about human sensibil d action that are incorporated into the development of policy. the project will yield detailed activity of policymaking; and into the nature of lay citizens practical reasoning and everyday |
2185 | 6 | tal payment systems linked to landscape indicators; b to improve the model for evaluating polic
landscape indicators; b to improve the model for evaluating policy measures for qualities of a veloping ecological and other landscape indicators that are applicable for value-based policy m payment schemes that could enhance the efficiency of policies to improve the qualities of agri of agricultural landscapes in terms of efficiency, fairness and feasibility. a methodology wil sed payment schemes linked to landscape indicators, in order to promote sustainable and efficie |
14887 | 3 | special cold and heat periods in their development. the masculine phenophases will be followed
he dormancy period to activation of the development, maturation and deshiscence. we try to eval nce. we try to evaluate the effect that temperature exerts in the formation and liberation of p |
14849 | 2 | ities object of study beside with their evolution in the atmosphere throughout the pollen seaso
w researches focused in the air quality evaluation regarding to biological particles. even if w |
14850 | 2 | ities object of study beside with their evolution in the atmosphere throughout the pollen seaso
w researches focused in the air quality evaluation regarding to biological particles. even if w |
14851 | 2 | ities object of study beside with their evolution in the atmosphere throughout the pollen seaso
w researches focused in the air quality evaluation regarding to biological particles. even if w |
14886 | 2 | n processes, as well as elucidate their function following pollen capture by the stigma. in add
tion, a deeper knowledge of the origin, function and liberation mechanisms of these soluble pol |
15027 | 3 | ome studies have shown that the spatial distribution of populations in fragmented landscapes do
ess in progenies. moreover, the spatial distribution of populations seems to be more influentia scape structure and population size and density. 5. comprehensively, to evaluate the evidences |
15363 | 2 | we would like to assess if its limited distribution and population is related to either the se
oth. a novel aspect in the study of the efficiency of the main seed dispersers, in both systems |
2067 | 9 | seed production is one of the most basic and important ecosy
is one of the most basic and important ecosystem processes because it provides the continuous erefore this interaction is crucial for ecosystem diversity, stability and resilience to distur ion is crucial for ecosystem diversity, stability and resilience to disturbance. currently, the ine may have cascading effects on plant population dynamics and ultimately on ecosystem diversi t population dynamics and ultimately on ecosystem diversity and function. to truly assess any c d ultimately on ecosystem diversity and function. to truly assess any consequences of a pollina ces of a pollination crisis for natural ecosystems, there is an urgent need for more substantia nsequences of such interactions for the population dynamics of plants. |
11445 | 1 | ular pollinator type. we found an ideal model system to study this hypothesis. the canary islan
|
14941 | 9 | nderstand the effect of flower-dwelling predators on the evolution of floral traits. we will fo
ect of flower-dwelling predators on the evolution of floral traits. we will focus on two types ng predators on the evolution of floral traits. we will focus on two types of traits: nectar se l traits. we will focus on two types of traits: nectar secretion rate and flower colour and sha nt because we expect that the effect of predators on the behaviour of pollinators will depend o ility that pollinators detect ambushing predators and the probability that attacks are successf evious objectives, the effect of floral predators on the evolution of floral traits. , the effect of floral predators on the evolution of floral traits. al predators on the evolution of floral traits. |
1931 | 2 | in agricultural landscapes, values for nature conservation are concentrated in habitat fragmen
nature conservation are concentrated in habitat fragments, which are highly dynamic. for many f |
475 | 48 | to understand how the biodiversity and ecosystem functions of peatlands across europe are impa
peatlands across europe are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop m are impacted by nitrogen pollution and climate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of imate change, and to develop meaningful indicators of risk to these impacts. the peatlands of n thern europe are major global sinks for carbon and support a unique biological community. clima carbon and support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, t support a unique biological community. climate change and air pollution, however, threaten the on, however, threaten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reac ten the structure and function of these ecosystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and osystems. aerial deposition of reactive nitrogen and other pollutants has already caused a sign of europe. there is also evidence that climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through at climate change will disturb peatland hydrology through widespread summer drying, thus reduci spread summer drying, thus reducing net carbon sequestration. this project aims to understand t lly. we hypothesize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reducti esize that above critical thresholds of nitrogen deposition there will be reductions in the div being particularly sensitive. sensitive vegetation will be replaced by more nitrophilic species anges, together with enhanced microbial decomposition, will contribute to accelerated rates of will contribute to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increa te to accelerated rates of nitrogen and carbon cycling. this will result in increased losses of this will result in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principall ult in increased losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated ed losses of nitrogen and carbon to the environment, seen principally as elevated levels of nit seen principally as elevated levels of nitrogen in soil solution and rising concentrations of . we anticipate that these responses to nitrogen pollution will become exacerbated under climat pollution will become exacerbated under climate change, and under extreme conditions may lead t nditions may lead to a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address o a breakdown in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we wn in the ecosystem and mass carbon and nitrogen loss. to address these concerns, we will deter eatland above- and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe - and below-ground species richness and nitrogen deposition across northern europe. using field manipulations to alter water table and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interact le and temperature, we will measure the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution a the nature of the interactions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity ractions between nitrogen pollution and climate on peatland biodiversity and biogeochemistry. t the importance of species diversity for ecosystem elemental cycles will be assessed within cont also identify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and h ify the associations between vegetation richness and soil microbial diversity, and how these ar iversity, and how these are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased unders are affected by nitrogen pollution and climate change. increased understanding will help us to derstanding will help us to develop bio-indicators of risk to peatland ecology and functional i functional integrity caused by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national a sed by elevated nitrogen deposition and climate change. on a national and european scale, this mate change. on a national and european scale, this will allow us to identify the most vulnerab e current policy such as critical loads thresholds. this is the first study investigating the i interactive effects of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity i cts of n deposition and climate on both vegetation and microbial biodiversity in peatlands. fur roach in using relational databases and gis to strengthen data analysis and facilitate communic sults with the stakeholder and end-user community. |
11110 | 1 | p sea is the largest and least explored environment on the planet, covering some 60% of the ear
|
11130 | 1 | n this respect is whether brood chamber development is induced by the presence of water-borne a
|
9829 | 2 | tion structure may be important for the evolution and maintenance of this life history. an oppo
r the evolution and maintenance of this life history. an opportunity exists to explore dynamics |
212 | 11 | , there are several advantages of large body size, of which the positive correlation between fe
the positive correlation between female body size and fecundity being probably the one that is e one that is most frequently observed. body size being relatively stable evolutionarily, one w e able to balance the benefits on large body size. the most commonly expected cost of becoming becoming large is increased cumulative mortality, which is the consequence of prolonged growin the positive correlation between final body size and growing period, which is the key assumpti estigate the relationship between final body size and duration of growing period in insects. in sect species exhibiting polymorphism in growth schedules as a model objects. in particular, spe g polymorphism in growth schedules as a model objects. in particular, species displaying intras maturity and the ecological context of growth . this is because such cases allow one to direct s and benefits of a decision to prolong growth period. different methods including an across sp |
12028 | 3 | and pervasive role in plant speciation, evolution and domestication. polyploidy has profound im
nd impacts on biodiversity dynamics and ecosystem functioning because whole genome duplications ics, breeding, systematics, ecology and evolution have interacted in order to uncover molecular |
14307 | 1 | eeded in all aspects of life has a dual function in pondscape: this partner deals with both the
|
11149 | 3 | ver one and two generations impacts the development of the testes and ovaries and consequent br
rges on fish populations in the natural environment for the better protection of our aquatic re st to the government regulatory bodies, environment protection groups, industry and the wider p |
11696 | 3 | ver one and two generations impacts the development of the testes and ovaries and consequent br
rges on fish populations in the natural environment for the better protection of our aquatic re st to the government regulatory bodies, environment protection groups, industry and the wider p |
2164 | 5 | of the fish once they enter the marine environment. 2 furthermore, the mortality of atlantic s
marine environment. 2 furthermore, the mortality of atlantic salmon smolts can exceed 60% duri to coastal waters. 3 additional marine mortality may also occur after departure from coastal w cycle. 6 increased knowledge about the function and interactions of these mechanisms will sign of atlantic salmon populations through development of improved mitigating actions and manageme |
15156 | 7 | ed landscapes in relation to dispersal, population dynamics and genetic structure. we will use
idual-based spatial-explicit population model. this model will be fine tunned and validated wit spatial-explicit population model. this model will be fine tunned and validated with genetic pa ed with genetic patterns at a landscape scale. the obtained model will be applied to assess dis erns at a landscape scale. the obtained model will be applied to assess dispersal, population v nt fragmentation levels due to land use intensification. from a theoretical point of view, this deepen our knowledge on the effects of habitat fragmentation on the viability of populations, |
14820 | 6 | studies on population dynamics aim at understanding the ecological
study the spatio-temporal variation in population dynamics, population genetics and local adap tion performance in the species natural habitat. this project includes three activities to stud includes three activities to study the population dynamics, population genetics and local adap liana, respectively. in particular, the population dynamics will be studied by analysing the re of the soil seed bank and of the yearly production of seeds. these parameters determine the spe |
11383 | 10 | their ability to deal with things like temperature, rainfall, predators and parasites. some an
with things like temperature, rainfall, predators and parasites. some animals and plants are ab ts are able to recognize changes in the habitat that they live in and change accordingly. these example, when water fleas grow up in a habitat in which fish are present they develop head and s is not what we generally observe. the distribution of most plants and animals is constrained t hatch late in the season reduce their body size i can directly compete plastic and non-plasti he success of a particular clone in any environment can be measured as its ability to replace a clone. using these sorts of population competition experiments i will examine whether plastic eplace non-plastic clones in a variable environment and whether non-plastic clones can replace an replace plastic clones in a constant environment as would be expected if being plastic is co |
13835 | 4 | ved species show the fastest decline in abundance in the initial stages of degradation of semi-
nds. how does the dynamics at the patch scale relate to the dynamics at the local and regional the dynamics at the local and regional scale how synchronised are the dynamics of local popula of annual plant populations in remnant habitat fragments varying in size and isolation, an exp |
2052 | 1 | ood data on environmental changes, food abundance and fishing pressures during the entire perio
|
10297 | 23 | ironmental conditions influencing their life history decisions, subsequent dispersal patterns a
e performance. these decisions generate heterogeneity in individual quality within and across a date, consideration of these sources of heterogeneity in predictive models of population dynami f heterogeneity in predictive models of population dynamics have been restricted to reproductiv cs have been restricted to reproductive traits, and been based mostly on populations inhabiting nderstanding how populations respond to environmental change. in this project, we will investig n in individual quality and its role in population dynamics by simultaneously considering its i influence on reproductive and dispersal traits. we will achieve this using a unique, large, lon hence in the potential contribution of life history traits including dispersal to the overall potential contribution of life history traits including dispersal to the overall dynamics of a to the overall dynamics of asynchronous predator populations. of all the important demographic tions. of all the important demographic traits, estimating dispersal poses perhaps the biggest iled data set of tawny owl strix aluco, abundance and life history traits, together with detail of tawny owl strix aluco, abundance and life history traits, together with detailed measures of strix aluco, abundance and life history traits, together with detailed measures of prey abundan together with detailed measures of prey abundance collected continuously by petty and collabora to recently developed capture-recapture modelling techniques allowing simultaneous modelling of elling techniques allowing simultaneous modelling of information from a variety of animal encou n dispersal behaviour and the resulting density dependence in dispersal, a key determinant of p poral autocorrelations, coincident with climate change. as such, it serves as a rare model syst te change. as such, it serves as a rare model system for investigating the response of a predat tem for investigating the response of a predator to observed and expected environmental change. of a predator to observed and expected environmental change. |
6745 | 1 | the common hamster are very important indicator-species of the agricultural lands. their habi
|
15328 | 6 | iverse evolutionary histories, cellular traits and metabolic capacities. the main reason for th
and success of each taxa to the marine environment and will serve to start understanding heter erstanding heterotrophic flagellates in nature. focusing on the population ecology of a few mod sing on the population ecology of a few model species provides a unique possibility of going on ther in disentangling the structure and function of microbial assemblages in nature. nd function of microbial assemblages in nature. |
13472 | 6 | ar whether the ecological memory of the ecosystem is sufficient to allow species to locate and
ead trees due to decay and at the stand scale as succession progress. it can thus be hypothesiz due to decay and at the stand scale as succession progress. it can thus be hypothesized that t lishment stages is key factors in their life history. the current project is to be viewed as a ols for efficient planning at landscape scale. it utilizes modern molecular tools to identify s relation between spore availability and colonization patterns; iv genetic variation among colon |
6870 | 1 | the planned purposes of our competition are to find all localisation of native silv
|
11355 | 3 | m isoforms, and reveals a robust clinal distribution within europe. we will study the functiona
ons. we will investigate the effects of temperature and photoperiod on transgenic flies carryin m protein isoforms when challenged with environmental change. finally we shall examine the evol |
15362 | 1 | actors and the insular isolation on the evolution of the selected taxa; and, if possible, to es
|
13582 | 2 | dvances in genome sequencing will allow development of new marker types affected by natural sel
systems, the skagerrak-kattegat-baltic salinity transition and skagerrak fjords, we propose to |
11392 | 3 | h drive the global cycles of matter and energy, provide nutrients, decompose waste and clean up
al cycles of matter and energy, provide nutrients, decompose waste and clean up pollution. of c it will be widespread or restricted in distribution. |
15256 | 1 | on with the ub, is to relate population traits continental shelf
|
2039 | 1 | gating population genetic structure and population dynamics of the commercially important flatf
|
13740 | 1 | s the following issues: 1. the temporal stability of spatially divergent cod populations in ska
|
11006 | 2 | ing issues of geographical and temporal scale and interaction between virus and host immunity.
f the impact of virus infection on host mortality and direct estimates of rates and routes of v |
11206 | 2 | ing issues of geographical and temporal scale and interaction between virus and host immunity.
f the impact of virus infection on host mortality and direct estimates of rates and routes of v |
11709 | 6 | llapsed, or are at record low levels of abundance. continuing exploitation and the uncertain im
ploitation and the uncertain impacts of climate change are adding further pressures on fish res ment and conservation efforts. one such development will be to incorporate the extent and dynam als that differ in their vital rates of growth, reproduction, migratory tendency and mortality. h, reproduction, migratory tendency and mortality. it therefore becomes desirable, for example, otential for adapting to changes in the environment. a critical component of such work involves |
10028 | 6 | llapsed, or are at record low levels of abundance. continuing exploitation and the uncertain im
ploitation and the uncertain impacts of climate change are adding further pressures on fish res ment and conservation efforts. one such development will be to incorporate the extent and dynam als that differ in their vital rates of growth, reproduction, migratory tendency and mortality. h, reproduction, migratory tendency and mortality. it therefore becomes desirable, for example, otential for adapting to changes in the environment. a critical component of such work involves |
13969 | 4 | ucing realistic forecasts of population growth and extinction risk in a changing environment. m
rowth and extinction risk in a changing environment. many of the most serious threats to biodiv ensive field data, experiments, and new modelling techniques to accomplish four main objectives viability under different scenarios of environmental change. fourth, we will implement methods |
15098 | 2 | ideal models to evaluate the effects of environmental change. this environmental change of glob
e effects of environmental change. this environmental change of global reach results for human |
6802 | 4 | ed for understanding the functioning of ecosystems. these approaches rarely meet adequately in
equately in ecology. in the analysis of food webs describing interspecific interactions of high overemphasising either pure topology or population dynamics in no network context represents ex ions of species having large effects on community dynamics in real webs. it is an interesting q |
10095 | 3 | antification of the separate effects of competition, ppis, and the abiotic environment with cha
s of competition, ppis, and the abiotic environment with changing severity, and examination of interaction in determining the overall nature of the relationship between neighbours. |
14799 | 4 | most relevant features of mediterranean ecosystems is the importance of fires, and many species
ferring post-fire persistence. in these ecosystems, the two main persistence mechanisms are: th s designed for compiling information on life history attributes of the species in the mediterra under a larger spatial and phylogenetic scale than the experiments, although without the robust |
11633 | 8 | in fertilisation success through: sperm competition, the competition between the ejaculates of
success through: sperm competition, the competition between the ejaculates of different males o erent partners for fertilisation. sperm competition and cryptic female choice interact in a com damental mechanisms of male fertilising efficiency, and the way genetic interactions between re llus, a sexually promiscuous bird and a model system of sexual selection. this project constitu anisms controlling fertility and the co-evolution between males and females. addressing these i s in turn fundamental to understand the evolution of male and female reproductive strategies, t and female reproductive strategies, the evolution of reproductive isolation and speciation. thi |
15502 | 5 | causes affecting biodiversity at global scale. the characterization of the invasive potential o
hesis that exotic species undergo rapid evolution when they invade a new environment has gained rapid evolution when they invade a new environment has gained support in the scientific commun nt has gained support in the scientific community. plants may undergo changes in the herbivore bivore selective pressures in the novel habitat through a release of the herbivores associated |
7268 | 1 | mals and biodiversity, will propose new indicators of stock by comparing adults to post-larvae.
|
10078 | 5 | iations of plant av-ptgs in relation to climate change, because laboratory experiments has demo
atory experiments has demonstrated that temperature affects the strength of plant av-ptgs. this of av-ptgs in natural conditions. such evaluation will help to assess the potential benefits/r t the ecological consequences of global warming and the climate changes in the uk. consequences of global warming and the climate changes in the uk. |
14734 | 9 | he potential consequences of the global warming have not been considered yet. the main objectiv
ecies as a consequence of the projected temperature increase for the present century and to pro cies. the underlying hypothesis is that temperature increase will determine an upward displacem ill determine an upward displacement of vegetation belts which, owing to the peculiar tabular t ography of the region, will lead to the habitat loss and/or fragmentation for many species thus he magnitude of potential extinction by habitat loss, palaeoecological methods such as pollen a ions of the eventual future altitudinal distribution of involved species using graphical modell ion of involved species using graphical modelling based on geographical information systems. th ad, thus providing the bases for impact evaluation and risk analysis, which are needed to class |
12243 | 1 | cropping and the provision of specific environmental services, within the uks arable sector. a
|
11073 | 23 | this project investigates the recovery of arctic tundra from the effects of atmospher
tundra from the effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition. fossil fuel burning in vehicles, p s, power stations and industry produces nitrogen oxides. these gases travel long distances in t ed back to the ground surface where the nitrogen causes changes to the vegetation and soil. the here the nitrogen causes changes to the vegetation and soil. the arctic tundra receives such ai h arctic, to investigate the effects of nitrogen deposition on tundra plants. the nitrogen that trogen deposition on tundra plants. the nitrogen that we watered onto the vegetation affected t . the nitrogen that we watered onto the vegetation affected the physiology of plants and the ab fected the physiology of plants and the abundance of different species; some species almost die t were used to set the critical load of nitrogen for tundra; that is, the internationally agree ernationally agreed number for how much nitrogen the ecosystem can tolerate before it is damage agreed number for how much nitrogen the ecosystem can tolerate before it is damaged. critical l . critical load values for all european ecosystems were taken into account in the development o osystems were taken into account in the development of international pollution control legislat ed; after three years we stopped adding nitrogen to some of our experimental plots but after an other seven years it was clear that the vegetation had not recovered. in this project we will r n to the experiment to measure how much recovery has occurred over 18 years. this is important e international legislation has reduced nitrogen oxide emissions across europe and we need to u to understand what the potential is for ecosystems to recover once the amount of nitrogen being cosystems to recover once the amount of nitrogen being deposited on them decreases. should the decreases. should the results show that recovery is very slow, it is possible that the critical t is possible that the critical load of nitrogen for tundra will be reduced to take into accoun fact that ecological changes caused by nitrogen deposition are not readily reversible. |
12612 | 1 | s it can pose to peoples health and the environment. local authorities are required to identify
|
14780 | 5 | out to identify the potential impact of climate change upon the biota of montane aquatic system
regarded as particularly threatened by climate change and a change in their degree of permanen structure and dynamics of populations 3 community composition, 4 impact of exotic species and 5 ticipate the degree of vulnerability to climate change and the corresponding preventive or miti nge and the corresponding preventive or mitigation measures. |
13469 | 10 | ollowing questions which are related to climate change: 1 is there less genetic variation at ra
ns compared to the centre of a species’ distribution 2 are northern species more vulnerable to are northern species more vulnerable to climate change than southern species 3 how do community e change than southern species 3 how do community interactions affect the predicted life histor unity interactions affect the predicted life history response obtained from single species labo istic laboratory experiments simulating climate change are and if it is possible to extrapolate it is possible to extrapolate predicted life history responses from laboratory to natural commu ry responses from laboratory to natural community systems. the project consists of a mixture of semi-field experiments. the focus is on life history traits in dragonflies, but the results obt periments. the focus is on life history traits in dragonflies, but the results obtained are gen |
11163 | 12 | ao recently commented that the sluggish development of agriculture and the slow increase of far
ingly scientists are arguing that rural development must also proceed alongside proper manageme ngside proper management of the natural environment. without this, the possible negative conseq , biodiversity and other aspects of the environment that we all depend upon, so-called ecologic ment that we all depend upon, so-called ecological services, are severe. there are countless ex countless examples of how agricultural development has caused signficant and often irreversibl re consequences of human activities and climate change on key environmental conditons. but ther e well the possibility that the natural environment can change in unpredictable ways. we know t ysing how the mixture of human actions, climate and ecology has effectively evolved to the stat ecosytems can withstand a good deal of stress from human activities, but when they finally giv isors, and farmers the changes that the environment has already experienced and how it might ch how the results compare with their own perceptions of change, and what might be the best alter |
12537 | 3 | ing consistency, capturing uncertainty, mapping endangered areas and summarising risk work pack
t validation and dissemination with the development of a web-based pra scheme. objective is to within pratique is provided via project ph0413 by defra plant health division; csl is participa |
12572 | 5 | investigate and quantify the extent of predation by specific pisciverous fish and non-native c
pecifically, to determine the potential predation impact of signal crayfish on the eggs and lar tages of atlantic salmon, determine the habitat use and territory size of wild atlantic salmon ignal crayfish, determine the potential predation impact by stocked and escapee trout on emigra mon smolts, and determine the potential predation impact of sea bass on emigrating salmon smolt |
14641 | 20 | we aim to quantify the role of predation in explaining the lack of recovery of wild ra
of predation in explaining the lack of recovery of wild rabbit at the end of the 1980s. in oth oved that certain populations with high density, after being affected by an external factor, ca an reach a new equilibrium stage at low density. according to the predator pit hypothesis, pred stage at low density. according to the predator pit hypothesis, predation would have a regulat cording to the predator pit hypothesis, predation would have a regulatory effect at low rabbit have a regulatory effect at low rabbit density, preventing a return to the initial, high densi reventing a return to the initial, high density, equilibrium. in the iberian peninsula, we hypo ven many rabbit populations to new, low density equilibria where they are regulated by predatio equilibria where they are regulated by predation. in a former project, we have shown that most study has assessed whether this lack of recovery in rabbit populations is related to a predatio y in rabbit populations is related to a predation-mediated equilibrium. in this project our obj rabbit populations are regulated at low density by predation in the centre-southern iberian pen lations are regulated at low density by predation in the centre-southern iberian peninsula. 2. 2. to quantify the joint impact of the predator community on rabbits, comparing localities wit antify the joint impact of the predator community on rabbits, comparing localities with similar bits, comparing localities with similar habitat characteristics, where rabbits are at different s functional and numerical responses of predators to changes in the abundance of rabbit populat esponses of predators to changes in the abundance of rabbit populations. and 4. to propose mana t strategies which enable the effective recovery of rabbit populations. |
1982 | 12 | e. the latter is known for its prolific production of protein-rich silk webs as a defence again
ein-rich silk webs as a defence against predators. we will focus on the key question how the de y species depends on other life-history traits via an energetic and/or genetic trade-off. the m n defensive trait in spider mites, silk production for webbing, is known to involve investment end to assess the relation between silk production and other fitness components, such as egg pr d other fitness components, such as egg production and detoxification of secondary plant compou ds, using selection experiments on silk production. these trade-offs will be studied in more de of essential amino acids in silk or egg production in the various selection lines. in addition, w differences in silk investment affect predation risk and predator-prey dynamics, as well as h lk investment affect predation risk and predator-prey dynamics, as well as how these depend on n population experiments, using natural predator-prey populations in sicily and in turkey, in w tions in sicily and in turkey, in which predator densities and host plant quality will be manip |
11493 | 30 | predation is a key factor in the structuring of ecologi
unities. the behavioural adaptations of predators and prey to each other can have a fundamental adaptations and counter-adaptations of predator and prey and how these translate into larger s rey and how these translate into larger scale phenomena at the group and population levels. spe we consider how the sensory systems of predators can become confused by large groups of prey, ppearance, how it can be ameliorated by predator behaviour, and how the behaviours investigated oups at the single-group and population scale. we will use the powerful computational modelling we will use the powerful computational modelling techniques of artificial neural networks and ms, fully validated with experiments on predation by sticklebacks and humans. the predatory sen ork with a static, previously obtained, mapping unit that generates the aforementioned confusio es prey items in a way that ameliorates predator confusion. this decision-making unit is traine ess similar to natural selection affect predator success how does complexity of the prey group ection affect predator success how does complexity of the prey group affect predator success an oes complexity of the prey group affect predator success and under what circumstances might a p ss and under what circumstances might a predator choose to specialise on a particular prey type ed. having validated the neural network model, and investigated the influence of prey group beh he influence of prey group behaviour on predator success, we will consider the counter case of e will consider the counter case of how predator prey choice may effect group formation of prey in form and composition in response to predation by the neural network predator. the predator onse to predation by the neural network predator. the predator will remove individuals from the ion by the neural network predator. the predator will remove individuals from the prey group, a ve individuals from the prey group, and evolution of prey group form examined. how does the opt oup form examined. how does the optimal predator strike strategy affect the ultimate form and c rey groups be explained by variation in predator characteristic and/or initial form of the grou ill be addressed. ultimately, the whole predator-prey modelling framework will be integrated in ed. ultimately, the whole predator-prey modelling framework will be integrated into a full coev o a full coevolutionary system in which predator and prey evolve simultaneously. these sophisti in form and composition be explained by predation what types of predator might be associated wi be explained by predation what types of predator might be associated with different types of pr ucture in natural populations how might predator strategy and prey group form change through ev |
11795 | 30 | predation is a key factor in the structuring of ecologi
unities. the behavioural adaptations of predators and prey to each other can have a fundamental adaptations and counter-adaptations of predator and prey and how these translate into larger s rey and how these translate into larger scale phenomena at the group and population levels. spe we consider how the sensory systems of predators can become confused by large groups of prey, ppearance, how it can be ameliorated by predator behaviour, and how the behaviours investigated oups at the single-group and population scale. we will use the powerful computational modelling we will use the powerful computational modelling techniques of artificial neural networks and ms, fully validated with experiments on predation by sticklebacks and humans. the predatory sen ork with a static, previously obtained, mapping unit that generates the aforementioned confusio es prey items in a way that ameliorates predator confusion. this decision-making unit is traine ess similar to natural selection affect predator success how does complexity of the prey group ection affect predator success how does complexity of the prey group affect predator success an oes complexity of the prey group affect predator success and under what circumstances might a p ss and under what circumstances might a predator choose to specialise on a particular prey type ed. having validated the neural network model, and investigated the influence of prey group beh he influence of prey group behaviour on predator success, we will consider the counter case of e will consider the counter case of how predator prey choice may effect group formation of prey in form and composition in response to predation by the neural network predator. the predator onse to predation by the neural network predator. the predator will remove individuals from the ion by the neural network predator. the predator will remove individuals from the prey group, a ve individuals from the prey group, and evolution of prey group form examined. how does the opt oup form examined. how does the optimal predator strike strategy affect the ultimate form and c rey groups be explained by variation in predator characteristic and/or initial form of the grou ill be addressed. ultimately, the whole predator-prey modelling framework will be integrated in ed. ultimately, the whole predator-prey modelling framework will be integrated into a full coev o a full coevolutionary system in which predator and prey evolve simultaneously. these sophisti in form and composition be explained by predation what types of predator might be associated wi be explained by predation what types of predator might be associated with different types of pr ucture in natural populations how might predator strategy and prey group form change through ev |
13584 | 13 | i propose to examine the predator-prey space use game in a system of treefrog ta
y behaviors that reduce larval feeding, growth and/or developmental rates. accordingly, dozens t adaptive responses to the presence of predators, typically by reducing larval activity and/or ese studies, however, either used caged predators, or if they used free-swimming predators did redators, or if they used free-swimming predators did not analyze behavioral interactions betwe analyze behavioral interactions between predators and prey. from the predator view, many stuide ns between predators and prey. from the predator view, many stuides have shown that aquatic inv es have shown that aquatic invertebrate predators exhibit adaptive responses to their prey, inc ut how changes in risks and rewards for predators and prey influence the outcomes of predator-p tors and prey influence the outcomes of predator-prey spatial games. in addition, i will expand empirical analyses to include multiple predators since multiple predators are clearly the norm clude multiple predators since multiple predators are clearly the norm in nature. tiple predators are clearly the norm in nature. |
9945 | 25 | global warming is creating an extensively modified world. an e
ying structure of marine and freshwater ecosystems is changing, and potentially most alarmingly mingly, key global cycles which control climate have been altered. however, how the processes t he processes that sustain life in these ecosystems will respond to future global warming are un cosystems will respond to future global warming are unknown. an understanding of these processe ial if we are to be able to predict how ecosystems will respond to warming in the future and fu predict how ecosystems will respond to warming in the future and furthermore implement managem es to protect the fundamentals of these ecosystems. this represents a significant challenge for ficant challenge for scientists because ecosystems are inherently complex and their response to nherently complex and their response to environmental change can often be idiosyncratic. we wil y elements and their relationships with temperature. at the same time we will continue a large the same time we will continue a large scale experiment which has been running since 2006 whic n running since 2006 which involves the warming of a series of replicated artificial ponds to s o simulate the effects of future global warming. the combination of these approaches will allow hat will govern the response of aquatic ecosystems to the elevated temperatures predicted for t redictive tools for the study of global warming on ecosystems. while our experimental manipulat ools for the study of global warming on ecosystems. while our experimental manipulation will al l manipulation will allow us to test or model predictions and provide direct evidence of the ef ovide direct evidence of the effects of warming on whole aquatic ecosystems. ecologists typical the effects of warming on whole aquatic ecosystems. ecologists typically break ecosystems down ecosystems. ecologists typically break ecosystems down into structural which maintain the inte l which maintain the integrity of these ecosystems. we will test our ideas by making high resol igh resolution seasonal measurements of nutrients and the size distribution of plants and anima measurements of nutrients and the size distribution of plants and animals, along with rates of along with rates of photosynthesis and decomposition in our experimental systems. |
11798 | 4 | heir potential as long-term archives of climate change. this interest is demonstrated by three
e sheet dynamics the study will utilise gis and numerical ice sheet modelling to predict where ill utilise gis and numerical ice sheet modelling to predict where subglacial lakes may have oc sheets and then the identification and evaluation of some of these former subglacial lakes usi |
10714 | 6 | climate is changing: predictions for the uk and much of
uk and much of europe suggest a rise in temperature of 3-5ºc in the next half century, the warm over the past 40.000 years. this rapid climate change is likely to have pronounced effects in nced effects in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. these effects will appear at different scal ividual level and other characteristics/traits of species, populations and ecosystems. tics/traits of species, populations and ecosystems. |
2180 | 18 | t is to analyze how expected changes in climate will affect the population dynamics of birds an
cted changes in climate will affect the population dynamics of birds and mammals, and how these s will cause shifts in the geographical distribution of abundances within the distributional ra alyze in detail some carefully selected model systems for which long time series of individual- l as a mechanistic understanding of how climate influences the demography are available. this w can be used to quantitatively evaluate climate influences on the population dynamics. by compa vely evaluate climate influences on the population dynamics. by comparing systems with differen ical for strong responses to changes in climate than others. we will then develop theoretical m er which conditions temporal changes in climate are most likely to cause shift in the geographi kely to cause shift in the geographical distribution of abundance within a species' distributio ift in the geographical distribution of abundance within a species' distributional range. we wi pulation fluctuations are influenced by climate variation. by combining stochastic population m ional scenarios for expected changes in climate as well as in environmental phenology, we can c in climate as well as in environmental phenology, we can calculate how changes in climate will nology, we can calculate how changes in climate will affect the spatial synchrony of the popula how this will cause differences in the distribution of the abundance of the species within the differences in the distribution of the abundance of the species within their distributional ra herefore examine whether the effects of climate changes can be modified by altering the harvest |
9851 | 10 | rapid climate change and habitat fragmentation are expected t
rapid climate change and habitat fragmentation are expected to disrupt ecologica inctions due to direct loss of suitable habitat occur. such disruptions are likely to have seri ious implications for the services that ecosystems provide for human health and agriculture. in d substantially reduce both the spatial connectivity of populations, and the ecological resilie pts to predict such effects assume that traits such as flowering times and flower morphology ch cies. however, recent studies of flower traits and emergence time within and between population ecological interactions in the face of global change is a key nerc priority. this will be the nd ecological variation in life-history traits in a single species, and assess how maintaining aintaining a given networks of distinct habitat reserves is likely to maximise ecological resil |
13884 | 9 | posed project is to integrate landscape modelling with metapopulation modelling to i provide a
landscape modelling with metapopulation modelling to i provide a deeper understanding of how to tterns reflect the historical amount of habitat, iii initiate an integration of landscape, meta landscape, metapopulation and economic modelling to provide a tool for finding landscape manag diversity in a cost-effective way. as a model system i will mainly work with old trees in agric he beetle osmoderma eremita is the main model species. i studied o. eremita empirically as a ph . i studied o. eremita empirically as a ph.d. student. i simulate the metapopulation dynamics t he creation and destruction of suitable habitat patches. for that reason i model the dynamics o able habitat patches. for that reason i model the dynamics of the trees. to make that possible |
1938 | 2 | predicting the effects of nature restoration requires the setting of targets. rec
etting of targets. recently a system of nature target types' to spatio-temporal dynamics. |
1939 | 15 | the effects of nature restoration practices are often predicted from a
om abiotic environmental factor such as soil moisture, ph and nutrients. indeed these factors c ronmental factor such as soil moisture, ph and nutrients. indeed these factors can be affected al factor such as soil moisture, ph and nutrients. indeed these factors can be affected by rewe ional series, including the established vegetation and the soil seed bank. moreover, lists of t died. it further estimates life-history traits such as seed longevity, dispersal and adult long doc-project will built up a database on life history traits for the evaluation of common life h ill built up a database on life history traits for the evaluation of common life history traits database on life history traits for the evaluation of common life history traits of declined an ory traits for the evaluation of common life history traits of declined and increased species i r the evaluation of common life history traits of declined and increased species in order to im prove predictions on the probability of colonization by target species. these predictions will he case-studies, the results of various nature restoration projects in the netherlands will be eloped by the institute of forestry and nature research. this expert system aims at improved pr improved predictions of the effects of nature restoration. |
10108 | 5 | ologist is to explain the diversity and abundance of organisms. however, novel challenges and r
ver, novel challenges and risks such as climate change, genetic modification, invasive species properties of the whole population like growth rate and stability. but do we need this new math e whole population like growth rate and stability. but do we need this new maths this project w lysing the effect of this change on the growth rate of the population. the project will also us |
13596 | 5 | communities at the field and landscape scale, and how this relates to nitrification and nitrat
d how this relates to nitrification and nitrate leaching in different crop production systems. and nitrate leaching in different crop production systems. nitrification is a two-step process the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria spatial modelling of the phylogenetic structure of nitrifier co e of nitrifier communities at the field scale to address the relative importance of different u |
11454 | 5 | th atlantic oscillation and sea surface temperature influence both reproductive performance and
uence both reproductive performance and recruitment in this species. this proposal builds upon interest in the consequences of abrupt climate change, and uses these data to parameterise age of recent and predicted trends in ocean climate on changes in colony size, and focus future res between variations in these indices of climate change and key population parameters. |
2069 | 1 | ders explicitly the issues of transgene population dynamics. the methodological framework estab
|
12167 | 3 | ational level chnage through the impact model. objective 7 to make recommendations for future r
nly for biodiversity but also for wider ecosystem services and within the context of climate ch stem services and within the context of climate change. to update the evidence base and identif |
12562 | 4 | summary objective: model the response of native and non-native fish specie
native fish species under conditions of climate change; refine the hazard identification and as ve species on native species and stream ecosystem function so as to inform the risk assessment itiatives, and the species’ response to environmental change, to combat the spread of non-nativ |
14927 | 1 | european water framework directive, the evaluation of the ecological status is determined by th
|
2190 | 9 | is to develop knowledge and methods for nature conservation and biodiversity considerations in
ack of effective tools dealing with the evaluation of impacts on biodiversity. the development luation of impacts on biodiversity. the development of ecological prediction tools will increas there is an increasing pressure on the environment due the ongoing urbanisation. new developme processes and that represent different habitat types and scales in the landscape. from environ tem together with empirical data on the distribution of selected focal species, predictive mode it will be possible to find patterns of connectivity and dispersal, thresholds, opportunities f patterns of connectivity and dispersal, thresholds, opportunities for mitigation measures and t ispersal, thresholds, opportunities for mitigation measures and to identify effects and consequ |
13982 | 2 | theses about patterns of variability is scale-dependent and that the importance of ecological p
e study of spatial patterns and for the development of mechanistic as well as purely predictive |
13883 | 5 | are confined to trees which are dynamic habitat patches. the first method is for modelling dyna
abitat patches. the first method is for modelling dynamics between single trees. i will use bay trees. i will use bayesian statistical modelling, and apply the so called back-calculation tec ed in ecology. the second method is for modelling dynamics between stands in a landscape. the m mics between stands in a landscape. the model is fitted based on simulations of epiphyte dynami |
1956 | 1 | e further research into the ecology and evolution of specialists and generalists and the mainte
|
14518 | 5 | me management systems, and identity and abundance of agrochemicals released. the risk of exposu
integrating the information about avian community structure, ecology of two key species, habita structure, ecology of two key species, habitat structure, phenology of cultivation, toxicology of two key species, habitat structure, phenology of cultivation, toxicology, and hunting and f imise the relationships between farming productivity, game management and biodiversity conserva |
12424 | 2 | programme has two key elements: 1, the development of expert guidelines to set out sampling an
he short, medium and long-terms; 2. the development of a network of national and regional exper |
2211 | 1 | are able to respond to the dynamics of ecosystems, in the case, fish and wildlife populations.
|
461 | 5 | or used. egg collecting, hunting, guano mining, localization of fish schools are all ecosystem
g, localization of fish schools are all ecosystem services provided by seabird colonies. more r mine the status of preservation and the ecosystem services provided by seabirds in three countr tent incomes and job opportunities. our evaluation by country and by island or group of islands preservation of seabirds on a regional scale. eventually we hope to stop the erosion of biodiv |
13837 | 6 | fluence on low productive boreal forest ecosystems affect ecosystem productivity and resilience
ductive boreal forest ecosystems affect ecosystem productivity and resilience, resulting in slo real forest ecosystems affect ecosystem productivity and resilience, resulting in slow but majo resilience, resulting in slow but major ecosystem transformations over time. the study sites co on disturbance and resilience in forest ecosystems and to provide tools for preservation of the he cultural heritage in northern forest ecosystems. |
13331 | 4 | in terms of business patterns and major ecosystems will be as comprehensive as possible. experi
bute to the eu strategy for sustainable development through their commercial actvities. 2.demon egy and the eu strategy for sustainable development. 3.awareness raised amongst the applied res ess raised amongst the applied research community about the potential contribution of smes to c |
14123 | 2 | volatile compound on air quality under climate change and provides relevant information on the
levant information on the dependence of productivity on emission rate under different stresses |
2105 | 14 | conomic sectors, and provides important environmental services, like recreation, conservation o
logical diversity, and sequestration of climate gases. future climate change is of vital intere sequestration of climate gases. future climate change is of vital interest for forestry and en t is important to analyze which impacts climate changes may have on forests, forestry and fores it is a strong advantage to use forest ecosystem process models and combine their results with combine their results with bioeconomic modeling. the principle objectives of the project is to e project is to develop suitable forest ecosystem process models for norway and use them as bas edge on how and to what degree expected climate changes are likely to influence together with p prognosis from regclim to estimate the climate change impacts on main forest ecosystem functio e climate change impacts on main forest ecosystem functions. s3: integrate the results from s2 ting bio-economic models to analyze the climate change impacts on forest management, carbon seq te change impacts on forest management, carbon sequestration, and income/employment in the fore stitutes in the field of forest process modeling, and be based on climate change data provided orest process modeling, and be based on climate change data provided by regclim. |
13862 | 5 | xplore processes delaying or preventing vegetation recovery following decreased nitrogen than t
esses delaying or preventing vegetation recovery following decreased nitrogen than the effects vegetation recovery following decreased nitrogen than the effects on chemical parameters. this repancy between chemical and biological recovery will be explored in the proposed research by s e by pathogens/insect herbivores, plant community species composition and soil n turnover. |
14617 | 4 | the re-colonization of alpine grassland with woody species as
sland with woody species as a result of vegetation succession and land use change is one of the woody species as a result of vegetation succession and land use change is one of the most impor s a result of vegetation succession and land use change is one of the most important threats to |
10056 | 5 | of the world s surface and is a unique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community.
nique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community. during ice formation in autumn, mi ed to hypersaline brine channels, where salinity reaches over 20% and temperatures can drop to enting a major component to this unique community. it has been determined that sea ice diatoms in laboratory cultures to determine the abundance and composition of this diatom eps, measure t |
10057 | 5 | of the world s surface and is a unique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community.
nique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community. during ice formation in autumn, mi ed to hypersaline brine channels, where salinity reaches over 20% and temperatures can drop to enting a major component to this unique community. it has been determined that sea ice diatoms in laboratory cultures to determine the abundance and composition of this diatom eps, measure t |
11311 | 5 | of the world s surface and is a unique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community.
nique environment, supporting a diverse microbial community. during ice formation in autumn, mi ed to hypersaline brine channels, where salinity reaches over 20% and temperatures can drop to enting a major component to this unique community. it has been determined that sea ice diatoms in laboratory cultures to determine the abundance and composition of this diatom eps, measure t |
11345 | 5 | ion arises because understanding of dms production processes is based on research that focuses
e emiliania huxleyi. current efforts to model dms and dmsp production potential rely upon the s . current efforts to model dms and dmsp production potential rely upon the same possibly biased collection and investigate dmsp and dms production. the project we propose is novel for its foc ity of the current understanding of dms production by this important phytoplankton group. |
12178 | 4 | e of particular help to those with agri-environment scheme agreements. the tone of the dvd will
ition have benefits for animal and crop production as well as wildlife, the landscape and our h for farms to be financially viable. the production company will be expected to provide necessar in close discussion with mr adams. the production company may engage mr adams or any other per |
14555 | 5 | nspicuous sex-specific secondary sexual traits also, most studies in the wild have been perform
ation of environmental factors, such as abundance and quality of food resources or demographic rces or demographic parameters, such as density modulate mate choice, intrasexual competition o nsity modulate mate choice, intrasexual competition or the production of sscs in early life. th choice, intrasexual competition or the production of sscs in early life. the main objective of |
7699 | 2 | ased demands on improving the impact of production activities on the environment and on the oth
impact of production activities on the environment and on the other hand, an increase in deman |
10755 | 6 | the most poorly understood terrestrial habitat in antarctica is its ice: a significant microbi
nce. at each site we will establish the microbial community structure and biomass throughout th om the snow and ice. we will also track nutrients at the same time and measure the melt energy s at the same time and measure the melt energy fluxes that drive the whole system. this tight i to calculate the westward flux of melt, nutrients and microbial biomass that might be expected he westward flux of melt, nutrients and microbial biomass that might be expected under current |
14580 | 10 | in the saltmarshes and to establish the trophic interactions between the different planktonic g
y analysed. these organisms have double function in the trophic food web, because they are both sms have double function in the trophic food web, because they are both predators and competito trophic food web, because they are both predators and competitors of other phytoplankters. this ther phytoplankters. this increases the complexity of the planktonic food webs of these ecosyst reases the complexity of the planktonic food webs of these ecosystems. we also analyse the rela ty of the planktonic food webs of these ecosystems. we also analyse the relationship between th on size structure and the degree of the community structure, identifying if the size structure of the plankton and benthos due to the production and the fish predation. thos due to the production and the fish predation. |
12160 | 2 | xpertise to contribute to the effective development, execution, evaluation and communication of
o the effective development, execution, evaluation and communication of the department-funded p |
12161 | 2 | xpertise to contribute to the effective development, execution, evaluation and communication of
o the effective development, execution, evaluation and communication of the department-funded p |
2140 | 3 | e essential for structuring terrestrial ecosystems. this project represents the first attempt t
st attempt to compare arthropod species richness in the soil and understorey vs. canopy habitat omologists to participate in this large-scale project on biodiversity in a tropical lowland for |
12560 | 5 | hine vision system to automate the weed mapping process. the project thereby addresses the prin
want to minimise pesticide use and the carbon footprint of farming while maintaining food prod print of farming while maintaining food production and security. the mapping technology could a ining food production and security. the mapping technology could also be used on organic farms ical weed control thereby reducing both carbon footprints and also damage to crops by, for exam |
7683 | 7 | o provide a better understanding of the evolution of coral reefs ecosystems in the context of g
tanding of the evolution of coral reefs ecosystems in the context of global changes . a specifi onomic and social contribution of those ecosystems to local population and tourists over a peri rocess towards management of coral reef ecosystems. research will therefore aim at preparing ma esearch will therefore aim at preparing mapping of ecosystem services and predicted evolution o l therefore aim at preparing mapping of ecosystem services and predicted evolution over a 3-dec ing of ecosystem services and predicted evolution over a 3-decades period. importantly, the res |
13400 | 1 | olive. for this reason, it has a great richness for olive germplasm resources. following a com
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2076 | 3 | approach to both marine and terrestrial ecosystems is expressed in the latest environmental agr
d processes recognize the importance of ecosystem management and establish obligations for cons egional arrangements and agreements can function. after having discussed the legal obligations |
11145 | 4 | n wettable and non-wettable states, and development of optimum and sustainable natural resource
y relevant and timely in the context of climate predictions for the coming decades, which sugge drought periods as well as more intense precipitation events for the uk and many other regions. c conditions may induce more widespread development of hydrophobicity in soils, which in turn r |
10261 | 8 | rey communities. because of their sheer abundance within the oceans, these organisms effect how
anisms effect how key elements, such as carbon and nitrogen, are cycled on a global scale. ther ct how key elements, such as carbon and nitrogen, are cycled on a global scale. there is much e on and nitrogen, are cycled on a global scale. there is much evidence to suggest that protists that cell recognition by single-celled predators involves more than one type of receptor. with teins expressed by a species of protist predator using a technique called proteomics. we will i led proteomics. we will investigate how predator protein expression changes with different prey hus aiding our overall understanding of food webs and nutrient cycling within the ocean. |
14105 | 7 | has been exhausted. starvation and high mortality is well known among larval fish. the diet of
umber of publications on the planktonic food web structure only a few evidence are documented t of fish larvae, due to a high degree of decomposition of the food and the use of conventional t t consumption by fish larvae in natural environment. to our knowledge there are no correspondin ing on the microbial loop and classical food web. to estimate the proportion of protozoan prey ing on the microbial loop and classical food web we are going to carry out more complex food we we are going to carry out more complex food web studies in lake võrtsjärv. |
10365 | 1 | optical remote sensing is used to monitor the health and status
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11484 | 1 | al gene libraries. these libraries will function as a permanent archive of dna for the molecula
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12189 | 28 | ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from
ces are the benefits people obtain from ecosystems, such as clean water, flood control, storage tion, and for aesthetic appreciation of nature. international and national studies are showing re, are contributing to declines in the ecosystem services provided by nature, with possible co s in the ecosystem services provided by nature, with possible consequences for human health and of initiatives are underway to maintain ecosystem services and potentially to reverse their dec n the uk, and elsewhere in the eu, agri-environment schemes have great potential to contribute ial to contribute to the maintenance of ecosystem services. the english environmental stewardsh rovides one such opportunity to enhance ecosystem services in the farmed environment. environme nhance ecosystem services in the farmed environment. environmental stewardship encourages farme ity and character; protect the historic environment; promote public access and understanding of vironmental stewardship may also affect ecosystem services, for example: winter cover crops may grass margins in arable field may trap sediment and nutrients and so reduce water pollution. w s in arable field may trap sediment and nutrients and so reduce water pollution. while the pote stewardship may best be used to enhance ecosystem services. this project will address these iss re and expert opinion. we will then use modelling approaches to suggest the best environmental onmental stewardship options to enhance ecosystem services and the ideal placement of these wit applied to a farm. we will also use our review and analysis to suggest new forms of environment nmental stewardship options may improve ecosystem services. the first will use well-developed m of land management on processes such as carbon storage and water flow to determine how combinat ions in the english uplands may enhance ecosystem services. this will involve novel combination this will involve novel combinations of modelling methods to answer precise questions about the t is relevant to the real world and the scale at which environmental stewardship agreements are nd emissions, water quality in terms of nitrogen phosphorus and sediment, pollination of crops, ons, water quality in terms of nitrogen phosphorus and sediment, pollination of crops, biodiver ity in terms of nitrogen phosphorus and sediment, pollination of crops, biodiversity, and stake e. these measures will be combined with modelling methods to project how the environmental stew knowledge of how to manage the land for ecosystem services. dissemination of the results and tr |
12491 | 3 | ntributes to the provision of different ecosystem services through analysis of current levels o
recommendations on how the delivery of ecosystem services through the es could be measured; to might be achieved; and to recommend how ecosystem service delivery might be enhanced through th |
12360 | 1 | purpose - why is the r&d needed marine environment division as the division with responsibilit
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10628 | 16 | lling to take risks under the threat of predation, quicker to learn simple tasks and less fearf
s. however, the tables may be turned if predation risk is high and the greater activity of the h of these personality styles cope with environmental change. climate change, such as global wa styles cope with environmental change. climate change, such as global warming and other human change. climate change, such as global warming and other human influences e.g. toxicants, affe .g. toxicants, affects the geographical distribution of animals but also whether they survive o all determine whether these personality traits can be influenced by giving animals experience o o on losing so bold fish experiencing a succession of defeats may become more shy and shy fish cisions this may inform theories behind evolution and explain why some animals cannot survive c animals cannot survive changes in their environment. finally we shall alter the internal state different environments increasing their energy demands to determine if a hungry shy fish is wil ling to take risks in the presence of a predator to get food and thus the internal state of the rstanding how fixed animals behavioural traits are, how different personalities cope with envir , how different personalities cope with environmental change and which genes underpin these cha ehavioural characteristics affect their distribution in a habitat and more importantly the surv eristics affect their distribution in a habitat and more importantly the survival of individual |
15451 | 6 | are: 1 detailed study of the bacterial community developed in the pure water pipes by using as
d in the pure water pipes by using as a model the hemodialysis waters of the new university hos anuary 2011. 2 changes in the bacterial community along time by using molecular microbial techn a global image of the water quality. 3 succession assessment of the pseudomonas populations in t of the pseudomonas populations in the colonization and biofilm formation with culture depende re dependent and independent methods. 4 development of accurate and rapid identification method |
14818 | 1 | pate actively in the c cycle , to their colonization potential of new ecological niches, and to
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13811 | 4 | g used on the basis of their ecological efficiency. these would, however, be more efficient if
subsequent studies. study 1 develops a scale of acceptance of conservation measures by the q-s the q-sort method. study 2 employs the scale in a field study. study 3 validates tools for stu res and can thereby point to the social efficiency of various measures. |
11541 | 7 | hat drives our dynamic earth; all large-scale geological activity is driven by mantle convectio
lumes have a direct influence on global climate. while the observational evidence for pulsing i s geological history and the long-term evolution of earth s mantle. to address these gaps in c pothesis will be validated by comparing model predictions of pulsing behavior with geological o comparing model predictions of pulsing behavior with geological observations, predominantly fr e of this research will be a predictive model of the response of earth s surface to flow within n earth s interior. in other words, the model will show how earth s engine - mantle convection |
10881 | 3 | al by wind and ocean currents, to their recruitment and long-range transport of biota. pumice r
act and exchange between shallow marine ecosystems that otherwise remain extremely isolated by it may serve as a natural mechanism for ecosystems damaged by human activity to recover species |
15348 | 7 | pisthobranchs, the chromodorididae as a model. we will attempt to revise the systematics of atl
hemical ecology and cases of convergent evolution stemming from their common ancestry. also we ancestry. also we evaluate the role of climate change, dispersal and plate tectonics in confir rranean; 2 determining the geographical distribution of the species studied; 3 establishing the n dna sequences; 6 evaluate the generic classification of the species studied in relation to th the principal processes implicating the evolution of species to correlate the rates of evolutio on of species to correlate the rates of evolution with the regional patterns of diversity. an a |
1948 | 11 | for adaptive evolution to occur a population has to be persistent. t
be persistent. therefore at least some life history characteristics of the individuals have to ontrol, and some characteristics of the environment have to respond to an output from the popul on food availability. yet, present day life history theory assumes that this feedback loop is our group has shown that the outcome of life history evolution may strongly depend on the preci shown that the outcome of life history evolution may strongly depend on the precise nature of tion may strongly depend on the precise nature of this feedbackloop. our goal is to initiate a that have earned their keep in earlier life history work, but now extended to incorporate vari erent experimental groups, consider the life history evolution of two model organisms, guppies ental groups, consider the life history evolution of two model organisms, guppies and flour bee sider the life history evolution of two model organisms, guppies and flour beetles, to test how |
12540 | 3 | project summary development of accurate identification tools for plant
uction into and their spread within the community needs to be taken. those threats are now grea d expansion of the eu and the impact of climate change. currently identifying pathogens . the o |
6845 | 2 | ited together with fusarium head blight resistance. marker data will be stored in appropriate d
ed with phenotypic fusarium head blight resistance data. these markers will be also useful for |
9944 | 4 | variation an selected morphometric and life history traits in a free-living population, the so
selected morphometric and life history traits in a free-living population, the soay sheep on s ion, the soay sheep on st. kilda. if ld mapping is feasible, we will fine-map other candidate q idate qtl emerging from our own linkage mapping and from studies of domestic sheep. |
10550 | 6 | ions, but is amongst the most difficult traits to study at a genetic level. numerous genes infl
n in ecologically important behavioural traits in the arctic fly species drosophila montana. we in the laboratory as influencing these traits in d melanogaster as well as random background g s will identify genes influencing these traits in natural populations and tell us if these gene they allow us to determine whether the function of genes is conserved across species, which ha lications for our understanding of gene function and behaviour, which are very poorly studied i |
11030 | 6 | ions, but is amongst the most difficult traits to study at a genetic level. numerous genes infl
n in ecologically important behavioural traits in the arctic fly species drosophila montana. we in the laboratory as influencing these traits in d melanogaster as well as random background g s will identify genes influencing these traits in natural populations and tell us if these gene they allow us to determine whether the function of genes is conserved across species, which ha lications for our understanding of gene function and behaviour, which are very poorly studied i |
11183 | 11 | proposal to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential
al to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impact carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. qu tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. quantifying and monitoring potenti l. quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a sma tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled arti of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
1099 | 11 | ony with landscape problems; integrated development of farming with agri-tourism, cultural acti
urism, cultural activities, handicraft, environment conservation; local breeds defence and anim teed origin, produced with transparent, environment-friend and animal-friend techniques. the pr ollowing aims: - to represent lamb meat production systems variety, as regards lamb types and m eding regime in the different lamb meat production systems; - to estimate the relative contribu timate the relative contribution of the production process credence characteristics and of prod cted, suitable to represent the italian production variety. pre-ruminant and weaned lambs will k . finally, consumers' ex-ante quality perceptions towards consumption, and their relationship d laboratory-measured intrinsic quality traits will be carried out. according to the results of quality, will be identified the process traits, the organoleptic attributes and healthy charact or generating typicity and authenticity traits, able to improve products' commercial performanc |
10061 | 4 | primary roughness elements that provide resistance to the water flow. the response of bedforms
vast majority of our bed-phase diagrams development and application of an innovative numerical application of an innovative numerical model of unsteady flow over a deformable 3d boundary. t low over a deformable 3d boundary. this modelling work will ensure that the results are generic |
11074 | 4 | primary roughness elements that provide resistance to the water flow. the response of bedforms
vast majority of our bed-phase diagrams development and application of an innovative numerical application of an innovative numerical model of unsteady flow over a deformable 3d boundary. t low over a deformable 3d boundary. this modelling work will ensure that the results are generic |
11867 | 4 | primary roughness elements that provide resistance to the water flow. the response of bedforms
vast majority of our bed-phase diagrams development and application of an innovative numerical application of an innovative numerical model of unsteady flow over a deformable 3d boundary. t low over a deformable 3d boundary. this modelling work will ensure that the results are generic |
9858 | 7 | value green roofs can provide important ecosystem services within the urban environment from bi
ant ecosystem services within the urban environment from biodiversity, climate change adaptatio he urban environment from biodiversity, climate change adaptation, air quality management, envi der strategy towards achieving national indicator performance targets, in addition to complemen for the region, such as the manchester climate change and biodiversity strategies and the gm a lable equipment includes: rotronics air temperature rh sensors, gill sonic anemometer for winds auge, vaisala portable weather station, soil moisture theta probe. the student will also have a |
2016 | 1 | is the recently developed biotic ligand model . comparisons between predictions and field obser
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11184 | 4 | the respiration rates in micro and meso-zooplankton will be
mption and of zooplankton-cn population growth will also be determined. these data will provide he implications of these processes, and modelling thereof, will be determined within simple cn- ermined within simple cn-based npz-type ecosystem models. |
10166 | 9 | climate change caused by increasing emissions of co2, p
ciety. currently around 90% of the uk s energy needs are met by fossil fuels which will probabl ontinue to be the predominant source of energy for decades to come. developing our understandin as wind, wave and solar renewables and carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly con d carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
10215 | 11 | proposal to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential
al to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impact carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. qu tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. quantifying and monitoring potenti l. quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a sma tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled arti of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
10415 | 9 | climate change caused by increasing emissions of co2, p
ciety. currently around 90% of the uk s energy needs are met by fossil fuels which will probabl ontinue to be the predominant source of energy for decades to come. developing our understandin as wind, wave and solar renewables and carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly con d carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
10671 | 9 | climate change caused by increasing emissions of co2, p
ciety. currently around 90% of the uk s energy needs are met by fossil fuels which will probabl ontinue to be the predominant source of energy for decades to come. developing our understandin as wind, wave and solar renewables and carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly con d carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
10931 | 11 | proposal to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential
al to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impact carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. qu tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. quantifying and monitoring potenti l. quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a sma tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled arti of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
11719 | 11 | proposal to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential
al to research councils energy program: carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impact carbon capture and storage / potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. qu tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage call. quantifying and monitoring potenti l. quantifying and monitoring potential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a sma tential ecosystem impacts of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled arti of geological carbon storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
11182 | 9 | climate change caused by increasing emissions of co2, p
ciety. currently around 90% of the uk s energy needs are met by fossil fuels which will probabl ontinue to be the predominant source of energy for decades to come. developing our understandin as wind, wave and solar renewables and carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly con d carbon capture and storage to a small scale tightly controlled artificial leak. we will look effects and importantly investigate the recovery time needed. we will be able to relate the foo . the project will also investigate the nature of flow through geological formations to give us gical impacts of leaks. we will develop model tools that can predict the transfer, fate and imp e and impact of leaks from reservoir to ecosystem, which may be applied when specific ccs opera |
10319 | 7 | basis, are some of the world s densest carbon stores. discovering and quantifying the carbon s
stores. discovering and quantifying the carbon stored in such peatlands, and the environmental ironmental controls on their extent and distribution, is therefore critical to , who collective 150 papers, including seven in science/nature. the project provides an excellent package of st ating elements of field, laboratory and modelling work, enabling the development of a broad sui ratory and modelling work, enabling the development of a broad suite of technical skills in add n central africa. the interdisciplinary nature of this project will provide the student with sk |
11850 | 16 | the notion that spending time with nature can reduce stress may seem self evident. natural
at spending time with nature can reduce stress may seem self evident. natural tonics have been world health organisation predicts that stress will be the leading cause of ill health by 2020. of ill health by 2020. if experience of nature can relieve that stress why is not more done abo f experience of nature can relieve that stress why is not more done about it like so many intui ed by our ancestors, exists. if love of nature is innate, or otherwise important to our physica ow very little of the economic value of nature. many people declare a love for nature, and beha nature. many people declare a love for nature, and behave as if they attribute value to it whi sical and mental health and the natural environment, and the mechanisms involved is scientifica . this approach to managing the natural environment is in its infancy, but no less important. t efits from interacting with the natural environment, beyond for example exercise. this could sh quences of interaction with the natural environment are often interpreted in terms of stress, s nment are often interpreted in terms of stress, stress is likely to be a focus of the emerging e often interpreted in terms of stress, stress is likely to be a focus of the emerging research eat-ably and rapidly gives a measure of stress from only a pinprick of blood. before this can b health and interaction with the natural environment within an inter-disciplinary framework to p |
13761 | 7 | e of these species on the structure and function of ecosystems makes them particularly importan
pecies on the structure and function of ecosystems makes them particularly important to study f example, their browsing affects primary production, nutrient cycling and plant community compos production, nutrient cycling and plant community composition and structure, all with direct im cture, all with direct impacts on basic ecosystem services and biodiversity. currently, the lar ixed populations and the effects on the ecosystems they , biodiversity and ecosystem processes; the ecosystems they , biodiversity and ecosystem processes; subject areas of considerable scie |
9861 | 2 | t natural sources of the greenhouse gas methane , with most of those emissions occurring becaus
ause of the unpredictable and transient nature of weather events, the only suitable means of st |
10058 | 8 | me five males but in simultaneous sperm competition. our experimental model will be the atlanti
ous sperm competition. our experimental model will be the atlantic salmon, in which females nat ion in the presence or absence of sperm competition and/or egg choice. after fertilization, the tches will be measured for survival and growth across key stages of embryo development, egg hat and growth across key stages of embryo development, egg hatch, alevin development, fry emergen f embryo development, egg hatch, alevin development, fry emergence, and parr survival, success ergence, and parr survival, success and growth. these fitness measures will all be conducted in present some selection from the natural environment, because this is where fitness benefits wil |
10625 | 4 | a theoretical framework to explain the evolution of male dimorphisms. this research comprehens
t commonly invoked status dependent ess model, in which males adopt the tactic from which they fitness return for their status. at low density the mite sancassania berlesei has a status depe ion of the fitness functions shift with density, as theory predicts. |
9817 | 3 | the study will combine individual life history and morphometric data records for red deer
ed with ecological factors in affecting life history and morphometric traits. specific objectiv affecting life history and morphometric traits. specific objectives: to investigate inbreeding |
10274 | 9 | ing the geological record of a specific warming event. we are especially interested in finding
d in finding out what drives biological evolution and how much of a part climate plays in this. ogical evolution and how much of a part climate plays in this. it is important to understand ho anging environments, because our modern climate is warming rapidly and we need to find out what ronments, because our modern climate is warming rapidly and we need to find out what the impact nd so provide less food and absorb less carbon dioxide changes. more broadly, these records of more broadly, these records of plankton evolution will help us understand how these warm climat will help us understand how these warm climate events operated and how earth returned to more ing of how life responded to these past climate events, we will be better able to make predicti |
1988 | 4 | onflicts can play a crucial role in the evolution of reproductive systems, and can even lead to
is already available, this is an ideal model system. within our integrative approach, we are h -demonstrated changes in egg laying and growth that the receiver experiences. finally, we will igate whether costs imposed by the male function can be avoided by the recipient. this research |
9833 | 5 | wing them to spend more time conserving energy and resting. second, by huddling together to sta
ogether to stay warm at night, when the temperature may go below 0c, individuals may be able to 0c, individuals may be able to conserve energy through reducing heat loss. the results from thi will not only help us to understand the evolution of cooperative breeding and group living, but ain the importance of the family to the evolution of cooperative breeding in humans. |
11020 | 8 | ance of earthworms in the processing of soil organic matter of carbon and nitrogen from organic
he processing of soil organic matter of carbon and nitrogen from organic matter in soils. overa ng of soil organic matter of carbon and nitrogen from organic matter in soils. overall, this re anic matter of carbon and nitrogen from organic matter in soils. overall, this research will ad how earthworms affect the breakdown of organic matter, how much organic matter they can proces e breakdown of organic matter, how much organic matter they can process, and whether their acti ty increases or decreases the amount of carbon and nitrogen stored in the soil. s or decreases the amount of carbon and nitrogen stored in the soil. |
10711 | 4 | ages between foraging animals and their predators. foragers must collect sufficient food but al
od but also be able to detect and avoid predators. on the other hand, predators must try to out and avoid predators. on the other hand, predators must try to outsmart their prey and come up w uld expect bees that have experience of predators to fly more cautiously and spend more time st |
10359 | 9 | sing emissions of anthropogenic co2 and climate models predicting a future greenhouse world the
s and their affect upon the terrestrial climate and biota are paramount. as a consequence, the which may reflect a massive release of methane from seafloor gas hydrates that triggered green rth america and europe. using phosphate oxygen isotopes in mammalian tooth enamel as a proxy fo ely studied in north america using both carbon and oxygen isotopes. in this proposal the mammal in north america using both carbon and oxygen isotopes. in this proposal the mammal paschather ucted in north america. in the european succession a new method of tracking climate change will ean succession a new method of tracking climate change will be used to calculate for the first reenhouse event should also help in the modelling of the impact of similar, but thistime anthro |
12169 | 6 | current agri-environment schemes are central to meeting the governme
els monitoring project, will inform the development and implementation of agri-environment meas development and implementation of agri-environment measures designed to enhance the conservati andscape context and some indication of threshold habitat areas required for population recover ontext and some indication of threshold habitat areas required for population recovery for a nu d habitat areas required for population recovery for a number of key bird species. |
10641 | 1 | deleterious effects on communities and ecosystems in many areas of the world. our research has
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11141 | 12 | ith the intention of supporting a plant community. green roofs are a rapidly expanding technolo
ropriate way to ensure successful plant community establishment. even in summers like 2007 and d brick, with the addition of 10 or 20% organic matter. the medium is applied dry, so when the ebrates are likely to be absent and the microbial community much impoverished. our hypothesis i rincipal aims are to 1 characterise the community of soil invertebrates and microbes in roofs o nd fungi, to determine if a sustainable microbial community can develop and whether this can en s, how they do this, and over what time scale colonisation occurs. bacterial and fungal communi proach of augmentation at the base of a food web, we will be able to determine if it is possibl is possible to establish a sustainable microbial community, whether this can allow increased i enhancement of plant establishment and growth. the outcome of this project will be a knowledge en roofs will be a major feature in the development of the london 2012 olympic complex. a featu quality of life in our cities, through carbon absorption, pollutant reduction, biodiversity en |
11123 | 1 | ion can provide important insights into evolution. however, few studies have attempted to measu
|
10047 | 8 | the chemical evolution of the oceans is controlled by a range of bio
damental role in regulating the earth s temperature. therefore, records of ancient seawater che importance of weathering on the global carbon cycle and its affect on the earth s climate. man bon cycle and its affect on the earth s climate. many natural radiogenic isotopes in seawater a ay themselves reveal information on the nature of those changes in composition, for example, wh al source, hydrothermal exchange or the precipitation of marine carbonate. overall these result of the atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and thus influence on the greenhouse ef nce on the greenhouse effect and global climate. |
11408 | 8 | the chemical evolution of the oceans is controlled by a range of bio
damental role in regulating the earth s temperature. therefore, records of ancient seawater che importance of weathering on the global carbon cycle and its affect on the earth s climate. man bon cycle and its affect on the earth s climate. many natural radiogenic isotopes in seawater a ay themselves reveal information on the nature of those changes in composition, for example, wh al source, hydrothermal exchange or the precipitation of marine carbonate. overall these result of the atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and thus influence on the greenhouse ef nce on the greenhouse effect and global climate. |
11227 | 16 | s understand year-to-year variations in climate around the world. this includes the occurrence
mine the largest source of year-to-year climate variability on earth, namely, el niño. the el n rs, and it is a result of a much larger scale phenomenon involving changes to the winds, rainfa volving changes to the winds, rainfall, temperature and ocean currents across the whole of the ole of the tropical pacific. the larger scale phenomenon is known as the el niño southern oscil damage, and devastation to some natural ecosystems such as coral reefs. even europe experiences o activity, or how enso will respond to climate change. to help answer some of these questions, over the past 5,000 years by analysing growth rings in the skeletons of old dead , and these c en, by analysing the chemistry of their growth bands we will be able to reconstruct the changes l be able to reconstruct the changes in climate, and enso, that the corals experienced during t answer these questions, we need to use climate models. the same models that we now use to pred odels that we now use to predict future climate can be used to research changes in enso. in our r work, we will use the most up-to-date climate models to see if they can correctly replicate t gases in these models. by comparing the model results with the coral records we will get a bett will get a better understanding of the nature and causes of changes in enso, and the skill of redict the likely range of enso-related climate events for the coming decades. |
9895 | 16 | s understand year-to-year variations in climate around the world. this includes the occurrence
mine the largest source of year-to-year climate variability on earth, namely, el niño. the el n rs, and it is a result of a much larger scale phenomenon involving changes to the winds, rainfa volving changes to the winds, rainfall, temperature and ocean currents across the whole of the ole of the tropical pacific. the larger scale phenomenon is known as the el niño southern oscil damage, and devastation to some natural ecosystems such as coral reefs. even europe experiences o activity, or how enso will respond to climate change. to help answer some of these questions, over the past 5,000 years by analysing growth rings in the skeletons of old dead , and these c en, by analysing the chemistry of their growth bands we will be able to reconstruct the changes l be able to reconstruct the changes in climate, and enso, that the corals experienced during t answer these questions, we need to use climate models. the same models that we now use to pred odels that we now use to predict future climate can be used to research changes in enso. in our r work, we will use the most up-to-date climate models to see if they can correctly replicate t gases in these models. by comparing the model results with the coral records we will get a bett will get a better understanding of the nature and causes of changes in enso, and the skill of redict the likely range of enso-related climate events for the coming decades. |
15452 | 1 | ind the huge difference on feather mite abundance among individuals within and among bird speci
|
14128 | 11 | bacteria that is favourable to use as a production system. on the other side at higher growth r
ion system. on the other side at higher growth rates problem is substrate wasting to unusable a compounds – acetate etc. this overflow metabolism has been studied using several genetic mutan ts of residual substrate concentration, ph and temperature on the overflow metabolism in e. col esidual substrate concentration, ph and temperature on the overflow metabolism in e. coli. part ion, ph and temperature on the overflow metabolism in e. coli. partly it is caused by slow and hods throughput capacities reducing the efficiency of industrial bioprocess optimization. this the efficiency of industrial bioprocess optimization. this study will bridge the gap in this fi enabling precisely to monitor cellular metabolism especially around the switch points of metab especially around the switch points of metabolism in steady state – accelerostat cultivation. n quantitative characterization of cell metabolism to study regulation mechanism at whole cell |
11878 | 2 | important to consider the situation or environment in which we express behaviour. we might sto
tions on which our understanding of the evolution of social behaviour is based. i will do this |
14102 | 2 | or are unavailable to a wider research community. moreover, the baltic chitinozoan and conodon
the potential of the baltic region as a model area for early palaeozoic biota and environments. |
10218 | 9 | in marine ecosystems, enzymes in microorganisms catalyse the chem
tions of elemental cycles and stimulate energy flow though the ecosystem. it is both the abunda es and stimulate energy flow though the ecosystem. it is both the abundance and efficiency of t ow though the ecosystem. it is both the abundance and efficiency of these enzymes that determin ecosystem. it is both the abundance and efficiency of these enzymes that determine the rates of ability to understanding and accurately model these cycles is therefore an important task for e he nerc mission statement. the daunting complexity of these marine microbial assemblages is onl luding biological-rate measurements and microbial community structure. these techniques have th tributions of these enzymes on a global scale. |
15572 | 2 | diversity and their associated roles in ecosystem-support and servicing. to address this lack o
ther eu-projects and the united nations environment programmes 2010 biodiversity targets. |
10779 | 26 | if global warming runs its course, what will be the effects on ou
cifically, how will the earth s richest ecosystems - the tropical rainforests - cope with futur ion years, the earth experienced global warming on a massive scale, completely melting the pola experienced global warming on a massive scale, completely melting the polar icecaps. about the ainforests began to dieback. did global warming trigger extinction not everyone agrees. others tonic plates that forced up a himalayan-scale mountain belt on the edge of the tropics. they cl hey claim that changes in elevation and geomorphology caused rainforest wipeout. from 2008-2013 ine or an abrupt crunch, and was global warming or mountain building responsible to achieve thi s the forests were very complex, patchy ecosystems much like rainforest today. my team has now ccurred. what species were lost how did ecosystems reorganize how abrupt was the change of cour a cause of change. so what about global warming to find out what the climate was doing during t out global warming to find out what the climate was doing during the extinction event we plan t stomata. stomata allow plants to absorb carbon dioxide. studies have shown that the more carbon oxide. studies have shown that the more carbon dioxide there is the air, the less stomata plant eaves allow us to detect changes in the carbon dioxide levels. as carbon dioxide is an importan hanges in the carbon dioxide levels. as carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas, changes hanges in its concentration will affect climate. my colleagues will use other techniques using ls to get independent estimates of past carbon dioxide levels. together we will put together a ut together a high-resolution record of climate change through the key time interval. we will t val. we will then see how the timing of climate change corresponds with the timing of rainfores ncide, it doesn t necessarily mean that climate change caused rainforest dieback. you can never s will input our findings into computer climate simulations. this will test to see whether our s will test to see whether our observed climate change would lead to the observed rainforest di lp support any inferences we make about climate change and extinction. although our three hundr nerally contribute to discussion on the nature and rate of rainforest dieback in the face of cl te of rainforest dieback in the face of climate change, and help us better predict future chang |
12356 | 2 | latest understanding of the dispersive nature and coastal processes of the site and to extend
head. the project aims to ascertain the nature and general findings of new and ongoing scientif |
12429 | 3 | summary objectives an independent review into the rame head disposal site has been reques
rliamentary under-secretary for natural environment and fisheries, richard benyon mp, and is be sposal site, including a sense of local scale and impact. |
11871 | 5 | terbreeding, or even change the rate of evolution by altering how thoroughly parents genes are
romosomes despite being very similar in body size, appearance and behaviour. we are members of important components of almost all land ecosystems and show extremely specialised social behavi work will increase understanding of the evolution and diversification of the ants, and also of ants, and also of genome and chromosome evolution in other species. |
12420 | 4 | sment of human activities in the marine environment and to provide more transparency to stakeho
various human activities in the marine environment. b guidance documents for stakeholders and pacts of human activities in the marine environment and the mfas delivery responsibilities. the tting of human activities in the marine environment. |
10576 | 1 | ar easier. based on existing post-storm recovery trajectories in other tropical regions we woul
|
10021 | 5 | s a natural laboratory for studying the colonization of freshwater habitats by fish since river
fibre number is related to the age and stability of the habitat and is different depending on related to the age and stability of the habitat and is different depending on whether there is different depending on whether there is competition with other morphs. the research is importan the level of physiological systems. the evolution of different morphs of the same species is re |
12068 | 2 | event if predominantly anthropogenic in nature. be it through global change , in order to propo
anthropogenic in nature. be it through global change , in order to propose concrete solutions |
10694 | 7 | biodiversity and population dynamics in the plankton are closely linked
in the plankton are closely linked with environmental change. to assess the potential impact of ntial impact of the current man-induced climate change on modern plankton, analogous, rapid eve oraminifera to these events, and of the nature of plankton community recovery after dramatic ch e events, and of the nature of plankton community recovery after dramatic changes in pelagic ec and of the nature of plankton community recovery after dramatic changes in pelagic ecosystems. overy after dramatic changes in pelagic ecosystems. |
11034 | 3 | er animals and plants in the process of community succession. their complex skeletons are amena
and plants in the process of community succession. their complex skeletons are amenable to det reserved in the skeleton. they are also model organisms for studying the evolutionary palaeobio |
11552 | 1 | er, despite the enormous extent of this ecosystem during 5 process cruises on mbari research ve
|
15199 | 2 | mation on the biology, systematics, and evolution of species in the saprolegniaceae, saprolegni
could help in the understanding of the development of disease within aquatic hosts. specifical |
12328 | 2 | d to consider a ‘broad and shallow agri-environment scheme in england. the aim of the pilot ent
pilot area of 50 . 6.to inform the els review of progress by providing evidence about the opti |
14379 | 7 | hniques for the specific application of vegetation mapping. in particular, our aim is to tackle
the specific application of vegetation mapping. in particular, our aim is to tackle the proble nce data by investigating the re-use of vegetation reference data. as a prototype problem, we e as a prototype problem, we envisage the classification of vegetation from hyperspectral images blem, we envisage the classification of vegetation from hyperspectral images acquired at the sa different locations containing similar vegetation types. the goal is then to design strategies one occasion or location to improve the classification at the other occasions or locations. |
11498 | 4 | n have undergone substantial changes in distribution and abundance. most of the uk s grey and h
substantial changes in distribution and abundance. most of the uk s grey and harbour seals live artners will benefit from the increased efficiency of their photo-id programmes and databases w s which will in turn inform the science community. there is also the potential for benefits to |
14800 | 2 | d explain that in those zones where the climate changes affect the wetlands, where the vectors
g vector of malaria thrives, historical climate trends in sw andalusia for the last two centuri |
14973 | 14 | der to predict future impacts of global warming on species distributions it is necessary to und
e played by climatic factors, specially temperature, and other abiotic and biotic factors in de s. the presence of higher physiological stress in organisms living at their limit of distributi s in organisms living at their limit of distribution suggest that climate play a direct role in heir limit of distribution suggest that climate play a direct role in defining species borders. estigate the physiology of two species, habitat holders or ecosystem engineers, in marginal and logy of two species, habitat holders or ecosystem engineers, in marginal and central population c studies of species in their limits of distribution. moreover, we have recently observed drama cently observed dramatic changes in the abundance of these species in the marginal area. change n of species can be considered as broad-scale experiments where it is possible to tests the eff ts of these changes on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, thus combining two main topics i e local, non-random extinction of these ecosystem engineers on ecosystem functioning, with spec inction of these ecosystem engineers on ecosystem functioning, with special interests on change s. we expect important changes in these ecosystem properties as consequence of the local extinc |
10718 | 4 | ption at the heart of the out-of-taiwan model holds that all of the individual elements of the
e implies that the story of the pacific colonization was a great deal more complex than previou im to reconstruct a detailed map of the migration of early farmers into the pacific, allowing u into the origins of agriculture, human migration, and civilization. |
11422 | 4 | ption at the heart of the out-of-taiwan model holds that all of the individual elements of the
e implies that the story of the pacific colonization was a great deal more complex than previou im to reconstruct a detailed map of the migration of early farmers into the pacific, allowing u into the origins of agriculture, human migration, and civilization. |
2484 | 3 | ge and used for reconstructions of past ecosystems. the overall resolution level possible to ob
turnover dynamics in assemblages, niche stability in time and space, and backward testing of pr backward testing of predictive species distribution models. the project team will consist of t |
15425 | 1 | and thus, speciation. to advance in the development of these methodologies and to evaluate thei
|
2001 | 2 | effects of climate change on the biodiversity and carbon accumulat
climate change on the biodiversity and carbon accumulation in bogs during the last ca 400 year |
10785 | 1 | rst time, syntheses of the composition, community structure and ecology of the herefordshire fa
|
11065 | 1 | rst time, syntheses of the composition, community structure and ecology of the herefordshire fa
|
11833 | 1 | rst time, syntheses of the composition, community structure and ecology of the herefordshire fa
|
12049 | 5 | ification of terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems and, to promote the recovery of biodiversity
eshwater ecosystems and, to promote the recovery of biodiversity that has been impoverished by ate in a global perspective whether the recovery towards pristine abiotic charactistics induces ristine abiotic charactistics induces a recovery of biodiversity and if changes in biodiversity f changes in biodiversity increased the efficiency of functional processes |
14871 | 10 | n refuse. the introduction of exogenous organic matter efficaciously contributes to a better re
contributes to a better revegetation of land cover by the increase in nutrients, to increase th tation of land cover by the increase in nutrients, to increase the content of soil organic carb n nutrients, to increase the content of soil organic carbon and favouring the restoration of th t on the different organic fractions of soil carbon and its contribution to establish their tro ion to establish their trophic web. the evolution of the exogenous organic matter, its contribu hic web. the evolution of the exogenous organic matter, its contribution at short, medium and l medium and long term of sequestering of carbon in soil, the activity of soil microbial biomass, of carbon in soil, the activity of soil microbial biomass, its metabolic and functional diversi il microbial biomass, its metabolic and functional diversity, as determined by the analysis of |
10517 | 14 | mortality in marine copepods can be more important than
an be more important than fecundity and growth in the determine spatio-temporal patterns of abu e determine spatio-temporal patterns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the m rns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is mo mass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is most variable, least un on these stages. we will measure early mortality and its variability in calanus, assess underl al and biological forces in the natural environment. we will perform detailed experimental work l target fecundity and hatch success as recruitment terms, and the effects of food, starvation, nd the effects of food, starvation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and su ation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmar mperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. auplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. helgolandicus. rate . helgolandicus. rates of cannibalistic predation and their control will be investigated, as we estigated, as well as determining which predators are most important at the north atlantic stat |
11805 | 14 | mortality in marine copepods can be more important than
an be more important than fecundity and growth in the determine spatio-temporal patterns of abu e determine spatio-temporal patterns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the m rns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is mo mass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is most variable, least un on these stages. we will measure early mortality and its variability in calanus, assess underl al and biological forces in the natural environment. we will perform detailed experimental work l target fecundity and hatch success as recruitment terms, and the effects of food, starvation, nd the effects of food, starvation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and su ation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmar mperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. auplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. helgolandicus. rate . helgolandicus. rates of cannibalistic predation and their control will be investigated, as we estigated, as well as determining which predators are most important at the north atlantic stat |
9938 | 14 | mortality in marine copepods can be more important than
an be more important than fecundity and growth in the determine spatio-temporal patterns of abu e determine spatio-temporal patterns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the m rns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is mo mass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is most variable, least un on these stages. we will measure early mortality and its variability in calanus, assess underl al and biological forces in the natural environment. we will perform detailed experimental work l target fecundity and hatch success as recruitment terms, and the effects of food, starvation, nd the effects of food, starvation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and su ation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmar mperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. auplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. helgolandicus. rate . helgolandicus. rates of cannibalistic predation and their control will be investigated, as we estigated, as well as determining which predators are most important at the north atlantic stat |
9995 | 14 | mortality in marine copepods can be more important than
an be more important than fecundity and growth in the determined spatio-temporal patterns of ab determined spatio-temporal patterns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the m rns of abundance, biomass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is mo mass and secondary productivity. as the mortality of egg and nauplii is most variable, least un on these stages. we will measure early mortality and its variability in calanus, assess underl al and biological forces in the natural environment. we will perform detailed experimental work l target fecundity and hatch success as recruitment terms, and the effects of food, starvation, nd the effects of food, starvation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and su ation, and temperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmar mperature on early nauplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. auplii development, growth and survival/mortality in c. finmarchicus and c. helgolandicus. rate . helgolandicus. rates of cannibalistic predation and their control will be investigated, as we estigated, as well as determining which predators are most important at the north atlantic stat |
7164 | 4 | rate is around 3% and shows no sign of growth over time. this is striking and contrasts with t
the dynamics of other miners and quavec stability of the food web, which nevertheless puts up q ther miners and quavec stability of the food web, which nevertheless puts up quickly. response elements are to be found in the search behavior of parasitoids, which do not seem attracted to |
11180 | 5 | and plays an important role in primary productivity in the ocean and hence the uptake and prod
y in the ocean and hence the uptake and production of gases associated with climate change such and production of gases associated with climate change such as carbon dioxide. there are curren associated with climate change such as carbon dioxide. there are currently, however, large gap in our knowledge of iron chemistry, its distribution in the oceans and its relationship with bi |
14296 | 1 | environmental research, prospective and evaluation, marine and coastal division.
|
11117 | 1 | modern skeletal material and associated vegetation, algal and dung samples collected from orkne
|
13348 | 22 | understanding how freshwater ecosystems will respond to future climate change is ess
water ecosystems will respond to future climate change is essential for the development of poli ure climate change is essential for the development of policies and implementation strategies n needed to protect aquatic and riparian ecosystems. the future status of freshwater ecosystems ystems. the future status of freshwater ecosystems is however, also dependent on changes in lan need to be taken to restore freshwater ecosystems to good ecological health or to sustain prio o be designed either to adapt to future climate change or to mitigate the effects of climate ch te change or to mitigate the effects of climate change in the context of changing land-use. gen us of refresh. it is concerned with the development of a system that will enable water managers e restoration programmes for freshwater ecosystems at the local and catchment scales that accou ount for the expected future impacts of climate change and land-use change in the context of th ed future impacts of climate change and land-use change in the context of the wfd and habitats ctive. at its centre is a process-based evaluation of the specific adaptive measures that might e taken to minimise the consequences of climate change on freshwater quantity, quality and biod ersity. the focus is on three principal climate-related and interacting pressures, increasing t d and interacting pressures, increasing temperature, changes in water levels and flow regimes a ater levels and flow regimes and excess nutrients, primarily with respect to lowland rivers, la nding how the functioning of freshwater ecosystems is affected by climate change; ii new indica of freshwater ecosystems is affected by climate change; ii new indicators of functional respons s is affected by climate change; ii new indicators of functional response and tools for assessi tools for assessing vulnerability; iii modelling ecological processes; iv integrated modelling ing ecological processes; iv integrated modelling; and v adaptive management. |
15587 | 17 | to ecological constraints, biophysical heterogeneity, and centuries of agriculture. currently
igh resilience over their history of co-evolution between humans and ecosystems. in the latter tory of co-evolution between humans and ecosystems. in the latter case the limits to this resil d through land management decisions and ecosystem services. regards aims to unravel the mechani nts in the combined effects of changing climate, including extremes, and management on grasslan g extremes, and management on grassland ecosystems 2 how does coupled above-belowground functio ms 2 how does coupled above-belowground functional diversity buffer or amplify grassland ecosys l diversity buffer or amplify grassland ecosystem responses to combined changes in climate and system responses to combined changes in climate and management 3 how do landscape structures en s enhance or decrease the resilience of ecosystem services 4 can multi-level governance structu hat affect biodiversity and the related ecosystem services 5 does regional integration and glob ervices 5 does regional integration and globalization enhance or threaten resilience through th ugh their effects on flows of goods and ecosystem services, people and information 6 how do eco sses combine to determine resilience of ecosystem services regards will address these questions scenarios varying openness of the human-environment system and governance structures will be de ional stakeholders and decision makers. evaluation of scenario outcomes in terms of biodiversit ario outcomes in terms of biodiversity, ecosystem services, material well-being, and associated |
208 | 11 | small-scale spatial structure of plant communities behind the
t communities behind the observed small-scale vegetation pattern and to elucidate the role of c unities behind the observed small-scale vegetation pattern and to elucidate the role of communi on pattern and to elucidate the role of community regeneration in determining the spatial struc hat the balance between seed and clonal recruitment in heterogeneous environments is the main d terminant of observed spatially diverse vegetation pattern, but the mechanisms behind the patte n sparsely vegetated patches, where the competition is expected to be weaker. h2. vegetative re ent rich patches, we also expect higher mortality of seedlings there due to root competition. h ortality of seedlings there due to root competition. h4. seedling establishment in low nutrient tically dependent on the presence of am symbiosis, while in nutrient rich patches, the positive for controlling these hypotheses in the nature, series of mensurative and manipulative experime |
2012 | 14 | is to experimentally explore if drastic regime shifts due to alternative stable states and posi
mportant structuring factors in benthic ecosystems. rather than occurring gradually, newly deve ally, newly developed theory and recent modeling results suggest that changes in benthic ecosys results suggest that changes in benthic ecosystems may occur in sharp transition steps in respo response to gradual changes in organic carbon loading. thus, the effects of increased organic thus, the effects of increased organic carbon loading on microbial abundance, microbial degrad sed organic carbon loading on microbial abundance, microbial degradation pathways and benthic c robial degradation pathways and benthic community structure will be explored experimentally. in ied to obtain an integrated view of the ecosystem functioning and its response to organic carbo functioning and its response to organic carbon loading. the experimental research will be condu ed in close interaction with diagenetic model development, and address some of the main gaps th close interaction with diagenetic model development, and address some of the main gaps that exi conservation and management of benthic ecosystems, and our understanding of their response to g of their response to changing organic carbon loadings is imperative. |
13795 | 11 | sea addressing river loads of water and nutrients, biogeochemical conditions of the baltic sea,
mical conditions of the baltic sea, its food web structure and fish stocks in order to develop ish stocks in order to develop and test regime shift indicators and describe revealed basin-spe order to develop and test regime shift indicators and describe revealed basin-specific regime rs and describe revealed basin-specific regime shifts. the modelling tools of the baltic nest i ealed basin-specific regime shifts. the modelling tools of the baltic nest institute will be us of the baltic sea. scenario analyses of ecosystem linkages and sectoral conflicts will be given ral conflicts will be given, addressing ecosystem-based management options for eutrophication a level that are able capture and prevent regime shifts by applying early warning signals, i.e., y applying early warning signals, i.e., regime shift indicators. rly warning signals, i.e., regime shift indicators. |
15093 | 5 | bproject focuses on objective 5 and the modelling activities within objectives 1 and 4. the goa
ispersal- of likely forest responses to global change. the work is based on an integrated appro grated approximation of available large scale spanish data sets, parameterization of stochastic a better understanding of mediterranean vegetation-climate feedbacks. derstanding of mediterranean vegetation-climate feedbacks. |
7462 | 15 | a, methodology, and applications, using remote sensing to validate, augment and extend existing
ve to be overcome include: quantitative mapping of landforms; soil parent material and soil att acterization and pattern recognition by remote sensing; standardization of methods and measures ent of the current soter methodology at scale 1:1 million in four windows in europe, china and nd morocco. moderate-resolution optical remote sensing will be combined existing parent materia tistical procedures; 2 within 1:250 000-scale pilot areas, advanced remote sensing applications n 1:250 000-scale pilot areas, advanced remote sensing applications will be developed - geomorp cape analysis, geological re-classified remote sensing, and remote sensing of soil attributes. gical re-classified remote sensing, and remote sensing of soil attributes. advances beyond the ta and addition of new information with remote sensing and dem; interpretations of the e-soter : 1 a methodology to create 1:1 million-scale soter databases, and an enhanced soil and terrain n enhanced soil and terrain database at scale 1:1 million for the four windows; 2 an artifact-f an artifact-free 90m digital elevation model; 3 methodologies to create 1:250 000-scale enhanc el; 3 methodologies to create 1:250 000-scale enhanced soter databases, and the databases thems themselves for four pilots; 4 advanced remote sensing techniques to obtain soil attribute data |
10582 | 1 | nitrogen is key to life on earth, cycling between the a
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11488 | 9 | a major role in determining the world s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxyge
d s climate. in part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon diox n part this is due to the production of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very sm uction of oxygen and the consumption of carbon dioxide by very small, single celled organisms, y lab has demonstrated that the in situ community structure of these organisms is fairly comple s, the factors that dictate this global community structure are still poorly defined. this is i icate major domain shifts in planktonic ecosystems and by observing and interpreting their dist s facilitating acquisition of these key nutrients in organisms we consider to be either special hypothesise is key to their successful colonization of vast tracts of the world oceans. |
14195 | 12 | improvement of agricultural productivity is a major challenge in the coming years.
ng to produce high yielding and abiotic stress resistant crop varieties. thus, addressing how p ing how plants acclimate to unfavorable climate conditions at the molecular level is of great i sms behind genetic variation underlying stress tolerance of natural populations. the air pollut . the air pollutant ozone is an abiotic stress factor that decreases plant productivity and ove otic stress factor that decreases plant productivity and overall biomass production. this proje plant productivity and overall biomass production. this project aims at identifying novel fact insensitive ecotype to generate a fine mapping population. the second objective is to elucidat s that act together to regulate abiotic stress signaling. for this purpose higher order mutants e involved in the regulation of abiotic stress will be generated and characterized to understan ted and characterized to understand the complexity of interacting signaling networks, and thus nteracting signaling networks, and thus stress tolerance of plants. |
1935 | 5 | restricted to semi-natural and natural ecosystems in nature reserves. many endangered plant sp
semi-natural and natural ecosystems in nature reserves. many endangered plant species, have, h f the water table. several semi-natural ecosystems of high nature conservation importance on th several semi-natural ecosystems of high nature conservation importance on the sandy pleistocene s. is was shown that these species-rich ecosystems on sandy soils were restricted to oligotroph |
7621 | 4 | 2008 as part of the project systemo the carbon content of soils while ensuring plant productivi
n content of soils while ensuring plant productivity. understand how the concentration of nutri ty. understand how the concentration of nutrients in the form of"spots"affects the functioning "spots"affects the functioning of agro- ecosystems and study the fate of mo when amended as ver |
2065 | 9 | minent key species in the arctic/alpine environment. anthropogenic activities including oil, ga
and mineral exploration, hydroelectric development, and tourism have expanded rapidly in these he public. there is time for a critical evaluation of the current state of the art on anthropog hropogenic effects to be published as a review article. a follow up of the national conservancy studies of vigilance, fright and flight behavior, and habitat avoidance related to human infras ilance, fright and flight behavior, and habitat avoidance related to human infrastructure. in o apply the primary behavioral effects to energy budgets and secondary effects on animal body siz budgets and secondary effects on animal body size, reproduction and mortality, one needs to dev s on animal body size, reproduction and mortality, one needs to develop and refine methods for |
7427 | 1 | our project is a scale experiment on two farms"pilot"a full reintegratio
|
11088 | 5 | or topic in evolutionary ecology is the evolution, by kin selection, of conflict within social
oups. we will investigate conflict over production of males in social hymenoptera with one, sin g the bumble bee bombus terrestris as a model system. we will test the hypothesis that egg-layi s use of information about their social environment proximately affects their reproductive beha and information availability in social evolution. |
9920 | 2 | ition to the long-term benefits of this mapping, which will aid future quantitative genetic and
rrangements between these two important model species, showing whether their genetic maps are h |
11531 | 4 | the decomposition of organic matter is a critical process t
the decomposition of organic matter is a critical process to the functioning ocess to the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. this process is largely driven by saprotrop y driven by saprotrophic the effects of temperature increases / freeze-thaw on c mineralisation |
10655 | 4 | itively benefitial to the health of the environment. however, a minority of phytoplantkon are h
hytoplantkon are harmful to humans, the environment or the economy as a result of their proucti erstand to factors that influence toxin production its vectoring by shellfish and the public he /biomedical colloborative projects. the production of a report will allow us to disseminate mor |
11583 | 4 | itively benefitial to the health of the environment. however, a minority of phytoplantkon are h
hytoplantkon are harmful to humans, the environment or the economy as a result of their proucti erstand to factors that influence toxin production its vectoring by shellfish and the public he /biomedical colloborative projects. the production of a report will allow us to disseminate mor |
15382 | 27 | species and the season of the year for carbon sequestration. according to a specific citation
f scientific research and technological development of spain, development and scientific innova and technological development of spain, development and scientific innovation 2008-2011, ...pol 8-2011, ...pollution and degradation of ecosystems, depletion of resources, lost of biological gical and cultural diversity and global warming..., we propose a project in which the effect of ophication will be studied jointly with carbon sequestration in environments of high diversity e entirely compatible with an effective carbon sequestration them, this may be influenced by ve tration them, this may be influenced by vegetation type. for this reason, this project aims to following question: is the capacity for carbon sequestration of semiarid mediterranean wetlands chemical processes related to cycles of carbon and nutrients in the plant-soil-water system of ocesses related to cycles of carbon and nutrients in the plant-soil-water system of wetlands af e ability of these systems to sequester carbon and act at the same time as green filters. speci es are: 1. determine to what extent the decomposition of the litter from different plant specie s is influenced by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon conte enced by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eut rogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eutrophicated waters and if this is rr; 2. determine in what extent of soil microbial activity related to the carbon cycle is influ soil microbial activity related to the carbon cycle is influenced by the type of litter and by e of litter and by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon conte r and by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eut rogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eutrophicated waters and if this is e of litter and by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon conte r and by the presence of high nitrogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eut rogen, phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon contents in eutrophicated waters and if this is trophic water on the balance of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant-soil syste water on the balance of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant-soil system from t balance of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant-soil system from these wetlands |
194 | 3 | io of tree pollen to herb pollen in the sediment, the forest cover conditions in the landscape
ated in sediments the elaborated pollen-vegetation relationships enable to reconstruct quantita ruct quantitatively the past changes in vegetation structure. |
193 | 10 | ipsi has been a water body rich in fish production. however, during 20th century the total comm
l. peipsi forming potential risk to the ecosystem structure and functioning as well as to local natural fluctuations of water level and temperature. the number of professional fishermen and f e interactions of these factors on fish community is investigated insufficiently. moreover the is hindered. as local fishing dependent community inhabiting l. peipsi basin is vulnerable to a today, local needs and perspectives on development need to be taken into account in management clarifying on how the state of the fish community is affected by the interactions of environmen he representatives of fishing dependent community, regulators and experts the possible disparit ing fish stock degradation and ensuring stability of the vulnerable ecosystem of transboundary nd ensuring stability of the vulnerable ecosystem of transboundary l. peipsi. |
10275 | 8 | ete fungus, has been implicated in mass mortality events, population declines and species extin
for immediate research to determine the distribution of the disease, how this distribution was e distribution of the disease, how this distribution was achieved and the consequences of invas ll perform challenge experiments in our model species, the common toad bufo bufo. once these co al scales. we have strong evidence that temperature is a key determinant of chytrid-driven mort is a key determinant of chytrid-driven mortality, and we will develop statistical models to de termine the potential effects of global-warming on the distribution of the disease within europ ential effects of global-warming on the distribution of the disease within europe. our aim is t |
11303 | 8 | ete fungus, has been implicated in mass mortality events, population declines and species extin
for immediate research to determine the distribution of the disease, how this distribution was e distribution of the disease, how this distribution was achieved and the consequences of invas ll perform challenge experiments in our model species, the common toad bufo bufo. once these co al scales. we have strong evidence that temperature is a key determinant of chytrid-driven mort is a key determinant of chytrid-driven mortality, and we will develop statistical models to de termine the potential effects of global-warming on the distribution of the disease within europ ential effects of global-warming on the distribution of the disease within europe. our aim is t |
162 | 9 | soil biota and the numbers, territorial distribution and population density of waders will be i
territorial distribution and population density of waders will be investigated. according to th king hypothesis, the number, population density and distribution of waders of coastal and flood sis, the number, population density and distribution of waders of coastal and floodplain meadow related with the species constitution, abundance and biomass of soil invertebrates communities s. at the same time, we assume that the abundance and structure of the earthworm and microbial unities are greatly influenced by water salinity of overfloods. . the study will be carried on l and floodplain meadows of the matsalu nature reserve, where the meadows are well represented. by the standard transect and recurring mapping methods, will also be carried out. soil inverte |
15467 | 1 | and expulsion are very important in the evolution of recognition. the hypotheses that we intend
|
184 | 1 | they have any effect on leaf water-use efficiency
|
14550 | 4 | dy the climatic driving forcings of its habitat mosaic, harbouring enough endemic richness gene
bitat mosaic, harbouring enough endemic richness generate a temporal series of these indexes fr a temporal series of these indexes from landsat mss-tm images for the period 1975 to present, a imatic from the anthropic components of habitat change. |
15296 | 4 | vance of environmental factors on their distribution requires the understanding of how local fa
nding of how local factors affect local population dynamics and the structure of metapopulation ure of metapopulations. the island-like nature of limnetic habitats creates opportunities for l ise a new site. it is expected that the distribution of the cyclopoid copepods will be more aff |
13374 | 3 | ry trials with the seeds collected from nature. highest amount of cadmium content was measured
saturation, electrical conductivity and ph while humic acid applications determined to improve acid applications determined to improve soil organic matter. |
12024 | 3 | redict how global changes affect marine ecosystems. it used marine top predators . all objectiv
t marine ecosystems. it used marine top predators . all objectives have yet not been attained b rm persistence of the is and its future development have to be considered for an even better va |
13460 | 3 | lts. this in combination with access to lidar will help us develop gis tools with a power not u
th access to lidar will help us develop gis tools with a power not used in remote sensing of wa elop gis tools with a power not used in remote sensing of waters before. i expect this framewor |
14364 | 15 | on on mpb biomass quantification and on sediment properties. apart from traditional spatial ana
ment properties. apart from traditional spatial analysis methods such as correlograms and semiv nts to test supervised and unsupervised classification methods. results expected - algorithms t on absorption features of pigments - a model for the net primary production, which considers t pigments - a model for the net primary production, which considers the primary production of m production, which considers the primary production of mpb, the losses due to respiration, the a ry production of mpb, the losses due to respiration, the availability of nutrients, the losses due to respiration, the availability of nutrients, the losses due to grazing animals plus maps s of satellite data to study intertidal sediment and ecosystems. these guidelines will be gener e data to study intertidal sediment and ecosystems. these guidelines will be general so that th f the interactions between bio-physical sediment parameters, topography and hydrodynamics and o main variables influencing the spatial distribution of mpb and sediment properties - construct ing the spatial distribution of mpb and sediment properties - construction of a validated histo dels at multiple scales of bio-physical sediment properties - accuracy assessment and improveme rovement of supervised and unsupervised classification methods based on clustering techniques - |
11859 | 23 | wland raised bogs to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis means that they p
play a major role in moderating global climate. globally, peat bogs contain around one third o at bogs contain around one third of the carbon stored in the terrestrial biosphere. climate cha on stored in the terrestrial biosphere. climate change may affect the bog s water balance, whic re. climate change may affect the bog s water balance, which will in turn, have an effect on ca , which will in turn, have an effect on carbon storage. this is because degraded peatlands rele tlands release greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, instead of absorbing them. human distur at cutting and draining may also affect carbon storage. as a result, there is a research impera n the structure of the surface, and bog hydrology. surface structure can also determine peatlan tant variable to monitor in relation to climate change. plant communities living on the bog sur this provides an alternative structural indicator of bog hydrology. this research aims to use n alternative structural indicator of bog hydrology. this research aims to use novel remote sensi rology. this research aims to use novel remote sensing techniques for monitoring raised bog str ructure, and thus, hydrological status. remote sensing is a method of measuring the earth s sur ruments. the synoptic view offered by a remote sensing approach has obvious advantages over fie survey on the ground. new techniques in remote sensing offer a means of detecting and measuring reviously mentioned, structure is a key indicator of raised bog hydrology, and therefore if thi ucture is a key indicator of raised bog hydrology, and therefore if this can be quantified and is can be quantified and modelled using remote sensing, this offers a repeatable means of monit t-bed for a suite of new monitoring and modelling approaches. wedholme flow has been chosen bec focus on characterising the ecology and hydrology and classifying the bog surface into conditio classes. these analyses will result in development of spatial models linking structure to lowl derstanding of the link between wetland hydrology, developmental topography, biodiversity, and |
14365 | 17 | land abandonment and forest recovery is often taking place on marginal lands, such
ssessing the rate, spatial patterns and ecosystem impacts of forest cover change in these envir dness and inaccessibility of mountains. remote sensing methods are the privileged tool, and yet accuracy of forest transitions and the mapping accuracy of ecosystem services. method the meth transitions and the mapping accuracy of ecosystem services. method the methods is divided in 5 od the methods is divided in 5 steps: - remote sensing data acquisition, pre-processing and cor n for topographic effects; - large area mapping with high resolution remote sensing data; - mon large area mapping with high resolution remote sensing data; - monitoring of forest-cover chang forest-cover change and degradation; - mapping of ecosystem services with high resolution sens er change and degradation; - mapping of ecosystem services with high resolution sensing data; - socio-economic responses to changes in environmental goods and services. - we will conduct a s rization of biophysical attributes from remote sensing to the level of correction for possible for monitoring forest cover change and ecosystem services, - provide new insights in the impac ack mechanisms of forest transitions on ecosystem services. the results of this study on forest services. the results of this study on forest transition are very relevant for climate change forest transition are very relevant for climate change policies and possible future obligations ct to limitations of ghg emissions from land cover activities scheme. ------------------------- |
14359 | 6 | context and objectives the role of remote sensing and spatial analysis and modelling in ep
jectives the role of remote sensing and spatial analysis and modelling in epidemiology becomes remote sensing and spatial analysis and modelling in epidemiology becomes increasingly importan ngly important. up to now, a variety of remote sensing tools has been developed for use in epid to fine-tune these tools, exploit their complementarity, integrate their outputs in state-of-th tness in a data-driven decision support environment. the general objective of this proposal is |
12753 | 1 | the eus renewable energy directive ; to examine proposed voluntary scheme
|
7130 | 3 | d objectives of reform are to study how climate change and rising atmospheric co2 levels will a
atmospheric co2 levels will affect the productivity of mediterranean forest species and struct settlements will be facilitated by the participation of inra and cemagref project |
14694 | 2 | ch are affected by overexploitation and habitat degradation belonging to the instituto canario
to promote the rational use of aquatic environment and its inhabitants |
14860 | 2 | ct has new objectives which include the development of techniques to cryopreserve somatic tissu
preserve somatic tissues and cells, the development of embryo transfer techniques, to study the |
10437 | 2 | e to decide how much of their available nutrients to invest in themselves, how many offspring t
d how much to invest in each one. these traits are likely to be inter-related and form a trade- |
14791 | 6 | different research fields such as plant production, plant breeding, molecular biology and also
genetic biodiversity.ferns survival and distribution depends on its efficiency to complete its urvival and distribution depends on its efficiency to complete its life cycle successfully. in more determining steps to assure ferns development, apart from another factors derived from na ormation with repercussions on both the production and conservations of this plant group. the a e the effect of reproductive biology on distribution and conservation of endangered species of |
14614 | 2 | time; it is due not only to the slower growth in relation to the herbaceous species, but also
fficulty to self-fertilizate in a great scale and to the low quantity of offspring got after se |
7005 | 7 | ingle investigations on flower and seed development of high mountain plants suggest much variat
lly shaped by environmental conditions, temperature and day length being the most important fac ost important factors. the reproductive development of high mountain plants and the response to o different environmental conditions as temperature, day length and length of the growing seaso ern and the flexibility of reproductive development is important, in order to judge how plants have a better chance to remain in their habitat than less flexible species which have to migrat o more suitable habitats in the case of climate change. |
14591 | 1 | females on the demographic and genetic connectivity between populations.
|
14160 | 2 | of freshwater fishes in brackish-water environment. we will clarify, what is the extension of
pecies in the coastal sea of horizontal salinity gradient and whether homing is typical to fres |
11156 | 14 | ween climatic conditions and population density as surrogates for resource limitation. studies
s for resource limitation. studies with model species for which the life history response can b tudies with model species for which the life history response can be linked to predictable chan ity to predict population trajectories. predators relying on cyclic prey species provide a usef ience dramatic variation in demographic traits according to variation in prey densities. this v nd. this nocturnal raptor is specialist predator of field voles. our objective is to fully unde nd birds, display such cyclic patterns. life history strategy of organisms living in cyclic env strategy of organisms living in cyclic environment may include phenotypic plasticity in some t y include phenotypic plasticity in some traits such as age of first reproduction or reproductiv ompletely the impact of changes in prey abundance. first, we will consider whether environmenta on between these different life-history traits as this pattern greatly influences population dy aits as this pattern greatly influences population dynamics. third, we are interested in determ ed constitute key stone species in many ecosystems and food chains, and numerous predators, inc cosystems and food chains, and numerous predators, including species of high conservation conce |
10642 | 4 | 00 years ago and is associated with the evolution of the earliest members of our species, homo
l times since then as a result of large-scale climatic fluctuations. very little is known about very little is known about the regional environment prior to this. whether the chianda site is te a marsh edge or a shallow river/lake environment. with three further experts dr j. stewart, |
12181 | 1 | will require may have implications for climate change.
|
13376 | 1 | 1:research project on conservation and evaluation of fig genetic resources in southeast anatol
|
12752 | 3 | d is developing a coherent framework of indicators to assess progress towards post-2010 targets
of linkages between global and national indicator development and reporting. s between global and national indicator development and reporting. |
13759 | 9 | due to anthropogenic pressures, coastal ecosystems are being rapidly degraded and can undergo r
being rapidly degraded and can undergo regime shifts associated with loss of ecosystem service o regime shifts associated with loss of ecosystem services. theory and modeling indicates that loss of ecosystem services. theory and modeling indicates that interactions between systems th e crucial for the resilience of coastal ecosystems, and that ecology and management therefore m investigate the importance of landscape connectivity between two common but threatened european s and hard-bottom macroalgal beds – for ecosystem functioning and resilience to anthropogenic d and using comparative, experimental and modeling approaches, i will investigate how distance be be able to develop and test theories on connectivity-resilience relationships, and ultimately p |
7296 | 6 | community resilience is related to the redundancy of sp
community resilience is related to the redundancy of species within functional groups. coral f ted to the redundancy of species within functional groups. coral fish, diverse and highly struc ighly structured assemblies, serve as a model. the analysis is based on several international p e at multiple scales, to understand and model the processes and responses related to the coupli d to the coupling between taxonomic and functional diversity |
13828 | 4 | e degree determines the fragility of an ecosystem to disturbance caused by human activities. an
ficient ways to promote biodiversity on ecosystem level, thus minimizing overall species loss.w ation and information on differences in habitat and subtrate character will be used to identify cient ways that promote biodiversity on ecosystem level, thus minimizing overall species loss. |
13734 | 3 | e spot syndrome virus and crayfish as a model to understand in general how virus affect the imm
the wssv does not kill crayfish at low temperature but at temperatures at ca 18-20c. we can al immune system and it is hoped that this model system may provide such knowledge.i will also inv |
6925 | 6 | ics. in this project we try to make the development of genetically resistant wheat cultivars mo
d by costly pesticides harmful for both environment and human consumption. during this work, we opose to make two very strong leaf rust resistance genes to be much useful for the breeding pra f wild wheat on yield while keeping the resistance. we propose to use molecular markers in sele o screen most of our breeding lines for resistance. the economic turn over of resistance will b r resistance. the economic turn over of resistance will be also investigated by field experimen |
10256 | 10 | oes not cause any visible symptoms. the abundance of uninfected hosts in a pathogen s environme
nce of uninfected hosts in a pathogen s environment is a key factor affecting how efficiently i it is transmitted. when uninfected host density is high, horizontal transmission of lethal path ypically separated by years of low host density and no obvious presence of pathogens. what happ tood. we aim to test the idea that host density is a key factor affecting whether horizontal or ons that differ markedly in patterns of abundance. we will also carry out selection experiments ifferent transmission routes affect the life history traits of the host, such as development an smission routes affect the life history traits of the host, such as development and fecundity, ife history traits of the host, such as development and fecundity, and of the pathogen, such as thogen, such as pathogenicity and virus production. vertically transmitted infections are likel |
11267 | 10 | oes not cause any visible symptoms. the abundance of uninfected hosts in a pathogen s environme
nce of uninfected hosts in a pathogen s environment is a key factor affecting how efficiently i it is transmitted. when uninfected host density is high, horizontal transmission of lethal path ypically separated by years of low host density and no obvious presence of pathogens. what happ tood. we aim to test the idea that host density is a key factor affecting whether horizontal or ons that differ markedly in patterns of abundance. we will also carry out selection experiments ifferent transmission routes affect the life history traits of the host, such as development an smission routes affect the life history traits of the host, such as development and fecundity, ife history traits of the host, such as development and fecundity, and of the pathogen, such as thogen, such as pathogenicity and virus production. vertically transmitted infections are likel |
11855 | 6 | ignore the impact that an individual s body size has on its family members. if being large is
cause they have been raised in the same environment. to separate the effects of nature and nurt environment. to separate the effects of nature and nurture we can let parents raise some of the ld resemble each other. however, if the environment also plays a role then the parents own offs h parents, and there is a great deal of competition, with the youngest usually coming out the w he relative importance of genes and the environment. also, when foster families are created in |
10500 | 1 | second largest sources of anthropogenic methane, respectively. significant progress must be mad
|
10740 | 1 | second largest sources of anthropogenic methane, respectively. significant progress must be mad
|
11622 | 1 | second largest sources of anthropogenic methane, respectively. significant progress must be mad
|
10836 | 2 | l role in n cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. we will determine the relative ability of s
ing foraging strategies to redistribute nitrogen in relation to the sizes of spatially discrete |
9968 | 2 | l role in n cycling in temperate forest ecosystems. we will determine the relative ability of s
ing foraging strategies to redistribute nitrogen in relation to the sizes of spatially discrete |
11450 | 5 | dynamics and mechanisms of multispecies predator-prey assemblages where two prey and resource e
petitive exclusion. we propose to use a model insect predator-prey system to test this predicti usion. we propose to use a model insect predator-prey system to test this prediction by manipul manipulating resource availability. if productivity is important, then competitive exclusion m titive exclusion mediated by the shared predator should occur more quickly at intermediate leve |
11143 | 2 | ecies to share resources and so reduces competition between them and hence promotes co-existenc
orms of that nutrient. however, despite phosphorus work first needs proof-of-concept for the pr |
15394 | 10 | to global environmental changes such as climate change and habitat destruction has prompted a p
ntal changes such as climate change and habitat destruction has prompted a plethora of research hese later limitations, but the role of life history and plastic responses remains poorly under s remains poorly understood. first, the life history of a species might affect their survival w factors and allee effects. second, the life history might be associated with adaptations -such bined with dispersal ability and social behavior may buffer individuals against environmental c s project, we plan to study the role of life history and behavioral in the response to environm tegrating comparative, experimental and modeling approaches. using birds as model system, we wi and modeling approaches. using birds as model system, we will analyze the response to changes i invasions, the urbanization process and climate change. |
2529 | 4 | drilling fluids markers of stress with specificity to exposure to suspended dc and
tools to measure biological effects and stress levels of sponges exposed to df and dc in the fi nges exposed to df and dc in the field. threshold values for concentration, duration and freque df on sponges will also improve current modelling tools for environmental risk assessment of of |
15442 | 3 | cts of anthropogenic alterations on the environment, in order to provide guidance for conservat
ediated activities over the patterns of distribution, abundance and composition of natural asse ties over the patterns of distribution, abundance and composition of natural assemblages, and h |
2532 | 6 | ation and dominant copepod species, dom production, fate, and turnover rates, as well as net mi
ate, and turnover rates, as well as net microbial community respiration rates. by examining in tes, as well as net microbial community respiration rates. by examining in detail the microbial which seek to provide understanding of global change and consequent effects on human society. to higher trophic levels and c transfer efficiency through planktonic food webs. combining mult transfer efficiency through planktonic food webs. combining multidisciplinary international sc |
15151 | 10 | s defoliation and, locally, die-back of vegetation. climate forecast models point in the direct
n and, locally, die-back of vegetation. climate forecast models point in the direction of incre the direction of increasingly variable precipitation and temperature increases, with subsequen increasingly variable precipitation and temperature increases, with subsequent effects on the s functioning of the regions terrestrial ecosystems. adaptation of ecosystems to the new climate s terrestrial ecosystems. adaptation of ecosystems to the new climate conditions may happen abr ms. adaptation of ecosystems to the new climate conditions may happen abruptly as a result of s ughts. our attention will be focused on soil respiration, also a function of the microbial comm be focused on soil respiration, also a function of the microbial community assemblage, as well oil respiration, also a function of the microbial community assemblage, as well as of the root |
15360 | 3 | stressors affecting the functioning of ecosystems. preservation of the biota and marine habita
to this new scenario; to assess the way foundation species, such as seagrasses, respond is key ion of parameters such as the duration, seasonality and intensity of these environmental stress |
15125 | 7 | es of organisms to the projected global warming are a major handicap for the adoption of suitab
es to develop virtual experiments about environmental change and the corresponding medium and l responses of the neotropical flora and vegetation of northern south america, which are among t alyzed from several perspectives, i. e. nature, intensity, time lag with respect to climate, an re, intensity, time lag with respect to climate, and the degree of synchronism among the compon sm among the components of the involved ecosystems. the results obtained will be useful to fore and their communities, to the projected warming for the 21st century, according to the ipcc sce |
12142 | 15 | erturbations observed in the freshwater environment were mainly due to global warming and human
r environment were mainly due to global warming and human activities. the most significant prob ost significant problem of the affected ecosystems is biological invasion. recently, a large nu m semen causing a major impact on local ecosystems. the main goal of the study – to investigate and structural organization of plankton food webs will be undertaken in the affected and not af and abiotic factors affecting the local community resistance to algal invasion will be characte c factors affecting the local community resistance to algal invasion will be characterized. ana me diversity influence on local species richness and productivity will be provided. we will tes influence on local species richness and productivity will be provided. we will test the proposa will test the proposal that gonyostomum dominance in type lakes is influenced by species abilit by species ability to utilize dissolved organic matter and competing algae as nutrient sources gae as nutrient sources by studding the growth of g. semen and the same strategy species in the phytoplankton species composition their productivity and expansion patterns of g. semen will be sized bio-compounds , determining algae dominance and native species resistance will be carried ning algae dominance and native species resistance will be carried out also. the obtained resul |
7207 | 5 | - aphid interactions auxiliaries. study model. observations networks orchards. b component. sam
tistic analysis. 3 year. component has. evaluation of the role of defense compounds. experiment - apple - aphid interactions auxiliary. evaluation of the model and technical scenarios simulat teractions auxiliary. evaluation of the model and technical scenarios simulation. b component. onent. statistical analysis and spatial modeling. simulation landscape management scenarios and |
14968 | 7 | uences in biological phenomena, such as migration from the past, temporal heterogeneity, mainte
ch as migration from the past, temporal heterogeneity, maintenance of biodiversity, genetic var tion of aquatic systems. predictions of recovery rates of altered communities after different p portance of these mechanisms in natural ecosystems of different characteristics. to evaluate th ferent characteristics. to evaluate the efficiency of the zooplankton dispersal, it is importan jectives, we particularly distinguish: -evaluation of the dispersal capacity of zooplankton res strategies of zooplankton species as a function of its dispersal ability. -capacity for local |
14528 | 5 | ip with the populations dynamic and the evolution of the biodiversity in planktonic organisms.i
ogical integrated studies. in fact, the sediment could be considered as an environmental inform in its viability during long periods .- review of the evolution of the main planktonic species ty during long periods .- review of the evolution of the main planktonic species comparing the es could improve our predictions on the ecosystem response to future environmental changes. as |
11500 | 4 | sts. this has economic implications for carbon markets and mined-land rehabilitation.the propos
ology of brigalow acacia in its natural environment, and will contribute to fill the gap of kno standing of how tree species respond to habitat disturbance, especially for partially clonal sp ly, this project will present a genetic model of thinning management, which is novel in restora |
15357 | 16 | cultural evolution of humankind has caused a major global ecolog
o loss of biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services, i.e. of human well-being. this proj rovision of ecosystem services, i.e. of human well-being. this project proposal combines restor he emergent field of studies related to ecosystem services. its major aim is to document how ec ve, affect patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem services and explain the involved processes. es. our hypothesis is that the restored ecosystems in agrarian systems will provide, overall, h ity and a broader range and quantity of ecosystem services than degraded ecosystems; additional ity of ecosystem services than degraded ecosystems; additionally, the levels of restored biodiv the levels of restored biodiversity and ecosystem services will depend upon the initial degrada pon the initial degradation of restored ecosystems and the time that ecological restoration has following: 1 to quantify, at the global scale, the levels of restored biodiversity and ecosyste the levels of restored biodiversity and ecosystem services as a function of the ecosystems init iodiversity and ecosystem services as a function of the ecosystems initial degradation and the ecosystem services as a function of the ecosystems initial degradation and the time that ecolog ng, and the amounts of biodiversity and ecosystem services that have been restored in agrarian analyze the factors that affect spatial distribution and state of forest raptors during the rep |
12199 | 16 | england and wales and provide valuable habitat for native plants and animals. the herbaceous v
tive plants and animals. the herbaceous vegetation in the hedge base is an important part of th important part of the overall hedgerow habitat but the diversity of its flora has declined, pr hedgerows are designated as a priority habitat under the uk biodiversity action plan, with pol and field margin management under agri-environment schemes will help to achieve this but there hedgerow flora in england and wales and review current information on habitat restoration in or wales and review current information on habitat restoration in order to identify the most suita table methods for a range of herbaceous vegetation types. a large number of hedgerow surveys ha cal characteristics, such as particular growth forms or an affinity to particular habitats. the es to assist the process of meeting the habitat action plan targets. a review will also be carr ting the habitat action plan targets. a review will also be carried out of the relationship bet the hedgerow herbaceous plant flora and soil properties, the effect of hedge management on thes of hedge management on these flora and vegetation restoration techniques. in addition to studi o studies carried out on hedgerows, the review will cover those done on other habitats in which lsh assembly government to develop agri-environment scheme guidelines and payments, and by land mportant landscape feature and wildlife habitat and achieve biodiversity action plan targets fo |
12192 | 5 | the aims of this project are: review and summarize information from the european lite
secondary data sources to identify the habitat conditions required for the existence, restorat ss and rush pastures’. specifically the review will examine: the physio-chemical conditions, in itions, including topography, soils and hydrology under which existing fen, purple moor-grass a hniques . based on the results from the review a field survey/study will be designed to charact |
1934 | 3 | ated communities. besides this shift in dominance, a reduced species diversity has been observe
es diversity has been observed in these ecosystems. species of the acidic nardo-galion saxatlli ry heathlands will improve the seedling development after sod cutting and liming. |
13824 | 4 | ulation of the structure of the pelagic community. however, one crucial question remains unansw
d. has the restored pelagic zooplankton community any resemblance with the bio-diversity it onc became a problem we are going to use a sediment data to get information about bio-diversity in s of zooplankton and zooplanktivores in sediment cores we think it is possible to reconstruct z |
7615 | 1 | d plant species populations. this joint development will be through the specific case of arenar
|
13877 | 7 | this work analyses the ecological efficiency of restoration in managed fennoscandian bore
eal forests. the work comprises a large-scale experiment including 24 forest stands in a standa ation should be designed to promote the recovery and persistence of deadwood-dependent species wood-dependent species at the landscape scale. the model is open to further development that wi ent species at the landscape scale. the model is open to further development that will make it ape scale. the model is open to further development that will make it possible to analyze quest d to biodiversity monitoring and forest carbon sequestration potential. the new q-land simulato |
10946 | 3 | go has been described as a showcase for evolution , where the concepts of speciation and adapti
ction rates in the world with extensive habitat degradation and widespread impact from introduc an effective restoration program is the development of baseline data to understand ecological c |
6867 | 1 | rve the successive return of the normal oxygen-level in the seas. the return of the benthos-fau
|
13809 | 4 | mportant effect on invasion success and distribution pattern of an invading species. in sweden,
f invading species, as has been seen in ecosystems in australia and new zealand. however, with and new zealand. however, with ongoing climate change, increased shipping of goods and increas population genetic analyses as well as modelling. |
13928 | 7 | cape occurring as islands in the modern production land-use of agri-, silviculture and urban ar
ups favoured by traditional management, succession, and old growth forest, to coexist. a time p itional management, succession, and old growth forest, to coexist. a time perspective of severa during the last 3000 years. the spatial distribution of the ceased management on a local and re ased management on a local and regional scale will be assessed in three case study areas using gical methodology. the scope of spatial distribution of ceased management will then be expanded ent and enables comparison with present distribution pattern of species within different organi |
13531 | 7 | cape occurring as islands in the modern production land-use of agri-, silviculture and urban ar
oups favoured by traditional management succession and old growth forest, to coexist. a time pe aditional management succession and old growth forest, to coexist. a time perspective of severa during the last 3000 years. the spatial distribution of ceased management on a local and region ased management on a local and regional scale will be assessed in three case study areas using l methodology. the scope of the spatial distribution of ceased management will then be expanded ent and enables comparison with present distribution pattern of species within different organi |
11151 | 2 | tify the genes that influence levels of resistance and the extent to which differences in the d
large effect on fitness, so provides a model system where genetic differences will be pronounc |
12351 | 1 | ble, their likely effects and potential mitigation, drawing on windfarm and other marine indust
|
12354 | 1 | the impact of naturally induced channel migration is needed in order to predict its occurrence
|
12624 | 1 | ce information sought. knowledge of the development of technically demanding peat free media su
|
12589 | 6 | spread of all wetland types on a global scale. as ecosystems they provide vital functions for b
all wetland types on a global scale. as ecosystems they provide vital functions for biodiversit er resources, surface water management, carbon storage and sequestration, and paleo-environment ed by mankind over many centuries as an energy source and plant growing media , extraction, res ases where there might be benefits. the review will involve a desk based internet search follow and other government agencies in their development of policy in this area. |
12725 | 1 | assessment to be made of the extent and nature of any problems, and to assist in the considerat
|
12152 | 2 | ter supply and are consequently poor in nutrients and often very acid. one of the main `bog-bui
ement and restoration of this important habitat, recognising the many and varied demands upon i |
12285 | 1 | environments from a lifecycle nutrient efficiency point of view.
|
12737 | 7 | this short term project involves a review of the success of embedding the `england biodive
required to help sigs and subprogrammes review their objectives and deliverables against the ad and deliverables against the adaptation climate change principles, and to identify where furthe to complete or extend the process. the review would involve behavioural research and consider ctive of this embedding process towards development of a climate change adaptation strategy as edding process towards development of a climate change adaptation strategy as part of the ebs b re self sufficient in taking account of climate change in their areas |
12350 | 1 | is to provide a scientifically credible review of two aspects of the physical presence of windf
|
12653 | 1 | responses received on ‘improving marine nature conservation set out within the marine bill cons
|
12352 | 3 | objectives sediment process monitoring work carried out on round 1
ill be drawn together and reviewed. the review will assess the requirements, methods, data, res oposed project addresses the results of sediment process monitoring only. |
12733 | 1 | section 40 of the natural environment and rural communities act places a duty on
|
12597 | 3 | to charcoal, that is produced from the decomposition of plant-derived organic matter . to supp
from the decomposition of plant-derived organic matter . to supplement this, we will hold exper oject team will respond to the critical evaluation of the group and go back to group members wh |
12240 | 4 | nage fertility, particularly in organic production systems, and reduce the incidence of soil-bo
has been considerable interest in, and development of, management practices that increase the ractices that increase the diversity of vegetation within fields. these include components of t include components of the england rural development programme environmental stewardship scheme, |
12687 | 1 | to investigate and review the amount and different types of conservation a
|
12489 | 11 | this project will evaluate the range of indicators that relate to the natural environment, curr
f indicators that relate to the natural environment, currently used by defra and other governme agencies, for their consistency with an ecosystems approach. many of the currently used indicat ms approach. many of the currently used indicators and targets relate to specific aspects of th late to specific aspects of the natural environment, for instance populations of individual spe an overall perspective on the health of ecosystems. this project will examine which of the curr ill examine which of the currently used indicators, or combinations of indicators, can best be tly used indicators, or combinations of indicators, can best be used monitor the health of ecos can best be used monitor the health of ecosystems as a whole and the sustainable supply of eco s a whole and the sustainable supply of ecosystem services on which we depend. it will also rec epend. it will also recommend where new indicators or targets are needed and how best to go abo |
7526 | 1 | of sequences of ribosomal genes and the development of a bank morphological information gatheri
|
14198 | 4 | he role of rhizosphere processes in the carbon and presented in international conferences. the
e conclusions related to the aspects of climate change will be introduced to the estonian socie onian society including the ministry of environment to improve the climate scenarios. on the ba ministry of environment to improve the climate scenarios. on the basis of obtained knowledge p |
2188 | 2 | develop and test methods for restoring hydrology and plant biodiversity in drained rich fens.
aim to cover invertebrate diversity. a ph.d. project aims to strengthen the theoretical unders |
476 | 2 | diversity and their associated roles in ecosystem-support and servicing. to address this lack o
ther eu-projects and the united nations environment program |
2202 | 5 | for management and for developments of incentives to reduce invasions. this subtask will seek
sk will address models that account for heterogeneity in distribution of the invading species a odels that account for heterogeneity in distribution of the invading species and in the donor h f the invading species and in the donor habitat. the third will refine the methodology by which act of an invader can be evaluated. the development of a methodology for the risk analysis is n |
15037 | 5 | s have been shown to importantly affect population dynamics and it is suggested that they may b
olutionary models predict that rps-like population dynamics arise due to sexual selection by fe utionary mechanisms leading to rps-like population dynamics. using the common lizard as a model dynamics. using the common lizard as a model organism, where rps-cycles have been discovered r e responsible for rps-like colour-morph population dynamics and they will also unravel which fe |
10262 | 2 | established, an intervening probability density may also be established that describes how the
n a molecular clock analysis of a broad scale evolutionary event - the establishment of the pri |
7527 | 1 | inction of many species, the scientific community is trying to understand, in the conservation
|
10216 | 9 | rovide a similar amount of total annual production to that on land and the turnover time for or
that on land and the turnover time for organic matter is 1000-times faster in marine in compar in marine in comparison to terrestrial ecosystems. this highlights that grazing by zooplankton kton is disproportionally important and competition among grazers is high. it is not surprising s in the bitrophic interactions between predators and their prey. however, it is also well know ning defence strategy that involves the production of volatile signalling compounds . our proje e a first assessment of grazing-induced production of dms in a tritrophic framework. we will al rth-east atlantic. our data will inform modelling efforts that aim to predict the effect of dif m to predict the effect of differential production of dms on the susceptibility of microzooplan |
10925 | 9 | rovide a similar amount of total annual production to that on land and the turnover time for or
that on land and the turnover time for organic matter is 1000-times faster in marine in compar in marine in comparison to terrestrial ecosystems. this highlights that grazing by zooplankton kton is disproportionally important and competition among grazers is high. it is not surprising s in the bitrophic interactions between predators and their prey. however, it is also well know ning defence strategy that involves the production of volatile signalling compounds . our proje e a first assessment of grazing-induced production of dms in a tritrophic framework. we will al rth-east atlantic. our data will inform modelling efforts that aim to predict the effect of dif m to predict the effect of differential production of dms on the susceptibility of microzooplan |
13822 | 1 | and indirect weather effects as well as habitat changes are investigated with the aid of time s
|
7179 | 1 | axa were assigned six quality levels of abundance / frequency. criteria descrition of taxa are:
|
10790 | 10 | methane-oxidizing bacteria , although three other mbs h
o expression, methanotroph ecology, and methane oxidation rates in geochemical settings. initia ve different methanotrophs to assess mb production in known strains and types, and in isolates assessing the impact of cu mineralogy, nitrogen source, oxygen level, iron level, and other fa pact of cu mineralogy, nitrogen source, oxygen level, iron level, and other factors on pmmo exp nd other factors on pmmo expression and methane oxidation patterns will be performed using our on patterns will be performed using our model organism, m. trichosporium ob3b. based on these d 3b. based on these data and also on the nature of new mbs discovered, final experiments on real eld studies on methanotrophs, assist in climate change studies, and provide a tool for predicti dies, and provide a tool for predicting methane oxidation rates based on geochemical informatio |
11250 | 3 | st-genomic era is to understand how the environment impacts upon the genome. it is likely that
ences. micrornas stresses for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and egg steroid concentratio |
11253 | 3 | st-genomic era is to understand how the environment impacts upon the genome. it is likely that
ences. micrornas stresses for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and egg steroid concentratio |
11482 | 3 | st-genomic era is to understand how the environment impacts upon the genome. it is likely that
ences. micrornas stresses for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and egg steroid concentratio |
11792 | 3 | st-genomic era is to understand how the environment impacts upon the genome. it is likely that
ences. micrornas stresses for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and for fruitfly, temperature during early development for pufferfish and egg steroid concentratio |
6897 | 1 | by the mutations may contribute to the development of these illnesses. from a few patients suf
|
11276 | 3 | ine waters fuel 75% of total biological productivity in lower latitudes, they are, in the moder
at may have ultimately driven increased efficiency of the biological carbon pump and thereby co increased efficiency of the biological carbon pump and thereby contributed to the onset of the |
15213 | 7 | look deeper into the role of oxidative stress in the design of phenotypes, and particularly, o
, and particularly, on key life-history traits and reproductive strategies of vertebrates. aero tive strategies of vertebrates. aerobic respiration requires oxygen to generate energy, but lea rtebrates. aerobic respiration requires oxygen to generate energy, but lead to production of re respiration requires oxygen to generate energy, but lead to production of reactive-oxygen speci oxygen to generate energy, but lead to production of reactive-oxygen species will be studied b rgy, but lead to production of reactive-oxygen species will be studied by analysing the oxidati |
15058 | 8 | ctor affecting biodiversity at a global scale. an unknown but important aspect in the study of
when an exotic species colonizes a new habitat. from the multiplicity of hypotheses that have their competitive ability in the novel habitat due to a decrease of herbivory pressure from sp the novel habitat due to a decrease of herbivory pressure from specialists of their area of in s plants would assign more resources to growth and reproduction and fewer to chemical defenses. be able to evaluate whether changes in herbivory are causing a post-invasive evolution of chem n herbivory are causing a post-invasive evolution of chemical defenses. finally, the informatio bivores and to unravel basic aspects of ecosystem dynamics during invasion. |
7640 | 1 | quality. in the context of sustainable development of environmental and resource management st
|
6780 | 3 | has been demonstrated to influence the energy balance of the organism and it was shown that mo
ate the effect of the chronic restraint stress on the prrp mrna expression as a function of the stress on the prrp mrna expression as a function of the gonadal status in control and brainstem |
529 | 3 | fit between these two dimensions of our environment. in this context the relationship linking a
ely ovine, which because of its natural mortality provides the basic food resources for these b casses and thus at the same time on the efficiency of the quartering and on the regulation of p |
10456 | 5 | plant growth and development show remarkable plasticity in re
plant growth and development show remarkable plasticity in response to c le plasticity in response to changes in environment. our understanding of these responses is po d. vernalization occurs at one stage of development and is then remembered until later in devel t and is then remembered until later in development. the epigenetic regulation of the arabidops |
14485 | 5 | fect of the ecological diversity on the ecosystem resistance to biological invasions. ants has
e ecological diversity on the ecosystem resistance to biological invasions. ants has been chose invasions. ants has been chosen as the indicator taxonomic group, since a dozen of non-native logical and structural diversity of the vegetation. we will focus on habitats in which non-nati l as considering the main mediterranean ecosystems. the study sites will be situated in the gua |
14099 | 1 | text of analyzing processes affected by climate change.
|
11667 | 2 | investigation of the interdependence of hypoxia . the likelihood for any species survival depen
s survival depends significantly on the nature and extent of the hypoxic response. variation in |
7116 | 2 | fit between these two dimensions of our environment. . return and long-term viability of popula
y sheep, which provides, by its natural mortality, most of the resources consumed by these bird |
7288 | 2 | dicting from chemical and morphological traits breathing speeds and root decomposition, ii the
ogical traits breathing speeds and root decomposition, ii the potential of near infrared spectr |
7715 | 13 | in the current context of climate change and the increasing world population, sol
on, solutions are needed to ensure both ecological integrity and productivity of agricultural / to ensure both ecological integrity and productivity of agricultural / forest land. fao estimat impact on the amount of complex forest carbon. these systems will be chosen from different pro e systems will be chosen from different production systems, in a wide range of climates. it was nge of climates. it was shown that root growth is stimulated more in complex communities quen m ps and agroforestry. variations of root traits depending on the depth of the soil will be exami istribution generated by the roots in a community. the role of roots in the fight against erosi experiments cohesive soil and aggregate stability, analysis of root traits and their associated d aggregate stability, analysis of root traits and their associated functions, and the developm and their associated functions, and the development of numerical models integrating the root-so root-soil relationships, will quantify ecosystem services and link them to certain composition s and link them to certain compositions traits. the tradeoffs between features and services wil |
12760 | 4 | likely. it is essential that any future mitigation of such conflicts is carried out in an effec
the study will provide a comprehensive review and evaluation of the currently available contro will provide a comprehensive review and evaluation of the currently available control technique he study will help inform future policy development in respect of the species. |
10197 | 4 | s predicted to regulate a wide range of traits in pseudomonas fluorescens sbw25. the full reper
agenesis to generate, test and refine a model of the standard deviation 54 regulatory network. network. the explanatory power of this model will be tested directly by analysing gene express e performance of mutants in the natural environment. |
13332 | 8 | essential to halting biodiversity loss. nature is fundamentally dynamic, as are the pressures o
rategies still involve a static view of nature. for the realisation of future conservation obje ant european terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems by reviewing the impacts of global change on ecosystems by reviewing the impacts of global change on those components of biodiversity essen biodiversity essential for maintaining ecosystem services. important and threatened services w ds for relating biodiversity in dynamic ecosystems to the provision of these services will be c ed. frameworks for linking biodiversity traits to service provision and for improving and testi provision and for improving and testing indicators will be developed and used to explore manage |
11213 | 8 | osphere are driving a process of global warming that will have a profound effect on plant photo
t photosynthesis. some models of future climate change predict alarming scenarios for the latte hesis to varying co2 concentrations and temperature. different plant species inhabit very diffe experience large seasonal variations in temperature in their natural habitats. they also had to apt to changes in co2 concentration and temperature that have changed considerably since the ev hat have changed considerably since the evolution of flowering plants. in this project, we will level caused by specific changes in the environment for the most abundant enzyme in the world. tant challenge in the context of global climate change. |
219 | 5 | planations to observed values of insect body size. in particular, given the strong correlation
s in constraints on the shape of larval growth curve. such constraints are likely related to th ll be searched for invariants in larval growth, i.e. relationships between growth parameters th rval growth, i.e. relationships between growth parameters that are invariable across insect spe to assess heritabilities of respective traits, and to detect possible trade-offs. optimality m |
15046 | 1 | innovative approaches that lead to the development of new tools to better understand the mecha
|
10405 | 3 | oject is to promote the contribution of ecosystem services to alleviating poverty worldwide. in
stablishment of systems of payments for environmental services review the conceptual framework of payments for environmental services review the conceptual framework in the light of the cas |
12564 | 8 | in relation to variations in the marine environment, and develop a model to predict the impact
n the marine environment, and develop a model to predict the impact of changes in the marine en ict the impact of changes in the marine environment on return rates of salmon from specific pop race element analysis to understand the distribution of other keystone fish species. key custom ey customer purpose: investigate salmon scale micro-chemistry in order to determine the factors to determine the factors affecting the distribution and abundance of salmon in the sea. determ factors affecting the distribution and abundance of salmon in the sea. determine how the predi how the predicted changes in the marine environment may influence salmon populations and suppor |
2462 | 2 | also has led to evolutionary changes in life history traits and in virulence of the parasite. a
to evolutionary changes in life history traits and in virulence of the parasite. as there are n |
7106 | 1 | ated. the first type of forum is on the"production of ideas". this valuation is register on the
|
2541 | 12 | application for policy analysis of the nature index that illustrate how different parts of soc
biodiversity targets for the two major ecosystems open lowlands and forests in terms of the in en lowlands and forests in terms of the indicators from the nature index. this must be done in sts in terms of the indicators from the nature index. this must be done in a way that can be tr o economic models will be developed for evaluation of ecosystem services. for open lowland an e els will be developed for evaluation of ecosystem services. for open lowland an economic model services. for open lowland an economic model of production methods will be extended to cover a . for open lowland an economic model of production methods will be extended to cover activities and sustain open lowland. for forest a model for carbon sequestration will be developed and ex in open lowland. for forest a model for carbon sequestration will be developed and expressed in d and expressed in terms of an economic evaluation. the project will contribute to enhance the rtant national users as the ministry of environment, the ministry of agriculture and the minist |
2548 | 2 | the norwegian nature diversity act stipulates that genetic diversity
and conservation varieties prohibit the distribution of seeds among farmers, allowing only the |
10855 | 6 | and plays an important role in primary productivity in the ocean and hence the uptake and prod
y in the ocean and hence the uptake and production of gases associated with climate change such and production of gases associated with climate change such as carbon dioxide. accurate determi associated with climate change such as carbon dioxide. accurate determinations of iron are the ndous amount has been learned about the distribution and biogeochemistry of iron in recent year ins problematic. this work proposes the participation in an international intercomparison exerc |
7623 | 3 | organisms to communities to strengthen ecosystem services to which they contribute. in this co
ute to many critical services for plant production. we propose to test the hypothesis that the est the hypothesis that the increase in abundance in the field can have a positive impact on th |
13585 | 1 | es of fish and to which extent the fish community is influencing which types of saprolegnia and
|
14378 | 3 | he most important constraints on animal productivity and welfare. the life cycle of the liver f
this project. the research focus is the development of a methodology to delineate swbs and thei liver fluke risk maps at the landscape scale. |
11573 | 3 | of the importance they have for global climate thanks to our technological developments in dat
is strategically important to ocean and climate modelling, but which are still relatively data egically important to ocean and climate modelling, but which are still relatively data sparse d |
15428 | 5 | e first time subject of studies of this nature, and including the introduction of laser cleanin
by focusing in two areas with peculiar geomorphology and climate. 2.- to characterize the lich o areas with peculiar geomorphology and climate. 2.- to characterize the lichen flora colonizin to establish their influence on lichen growth and distribution. 4.- to analyse the chemical, p sh their influence on lichen growth and distribution. 4.- to analyse the chemical, physical and |
2466 | 3 | nthesis, metabolic or eco-physiological function, how this pathway has evolved, and what its ph
ifically, this study will elucidate the function of each biosynthetic gene in the synthesis of ed from dinoflagellates to recreate the evolution of these genes with regard to their phylogene |
15395 | 4 | imentally assess whether post-dispersal seed predation affects differentially aggregated and is
experimental evaluate whether seedling predation by herbivores affects differentially aggregat likely to experience a positive fitness-density relation that relatively large populations. 10. imating the cumulative probabilities of recruitment for aggregated and isolated individuals of |
11474 | 5 | everything from wastewater treatment to productivity of soil, seas through to freshwater and di
are proposing to implement a stochastic model for microbial populations that is more commonly a that is more commonly applied in macro-scale ecology. the model as it stands assumes self-simi nly applied in macro-scale ecology. the model as it stands assumes self-similarity in the resou laxing this assumption, thus making the model more applicable over a range of scales. |
7480 | 8 | plications. the emphasis will be on the development of a scaleable solution which will allow a
hich will be the basis of an integrated development environment for videocommunication applicat the basis of an integrated development environment for videocommunication applications. the de meworks. in parallel with the algorithm development, research on a flexible hardware architectu to add pointing features to be used in environment such as the distance learning application. ions concern scaleability, verification model and core experiments. a real time encoding of h.2 y. a key feature of the approach is the development of a videocoding toolbox to permit coder pe as possible. a tightly coupled hardware development to achieve real time operation will facilit |
13349 | 7 | se threats must explicitly consider the scale at which effects occur, and therefore it is cruci
fic and policy research needed to guide scale-dependent management actions. it will assess and management actions. it will assess and model the scaling properties of natural and anthropogen thropogenic processes and the resulting scale-dependencies of the impacts of these pressures on us levels of biodiversity from genes to ecosystem functions. to facilitate these assessment met to biodiversity loss in terms of their scale-relevance and will develop new tools for matching etworks of protected areas and regional connectivity. this framework will be disseminated to a |
10082 | 11 | body size influences an organism s energetic requiremen
exploitation, and its susceptibility to predation. general relations between population density n. general relations between population density and body size in benthic animal assemblages may elations between population density and body size in benthic animal assemblages may be attribut ed to non-metabolic constraints such as habitat complexity. we aim to examine substratum surfac y. we aim to examine substratum surface heterogeneity and its possible fractal characteristics ctal characteristics upon the body-size distribution of benthic communities. in streams across the uk, we shall explore if scaling of density to body size converges across communities. we a shall explore if scaling of density to body size converges across communities. we also aim to nal scales of observation may influence body size and population density. may influence body size and population density. |
10841 | 1 | ow turtles of different sizes use their environment both in space and time. the project will al
|
7478 | 2 | spiral aims to enhance the connectivity between biodiversity research and policy m
diversity are fundamental requisites of human well-being, the biodiversity issue raises unprece |
13860 | 2 | owards increased awareness of issues of environment and sustainability. environmental guideline
. in the proposed project, a literature review of plants for the long-term preservation of plan |
14711 | 4 | problems has highly benefited from the evolution experienced by the computers capacity and com
tion terms, the resulting water quality model depends on a set of parameters not sufficiently w come necessary in order to evaluate the distribution and evolution of the relevant variables un order to evaluate the distribution and evolution of the relevant variables under different con |
14710 | 4 | bjective of this project is to know the efficiency of a strategy for riverine wetlands restorat
encial and the auto-organization of the ecosystem. lack of this combination has been the reason redictive capacity of flood models, the efficiency of re-connecting wetlands and the practice o ogical restoration of wetlands at large scale in floodplains of regulated rivers. |
12426 | 2 | undaries, national action on the marine environment needs to be supported by a framework to ens
ng associated environmental targets and indicators. |
15579 | 1 | f scin . what do they contribute to the ecosystems co2-fixation/n-input how unique are the key
|
12064 | 7 | the millennium ecosystem assessment . as a result, the scie
ssessment . as a result, the scientific community, decision makers, and managers do not yet hav yet have a high degree of confidence in model projections. the first objective of this project neration of models of plant response to climate change that can address several of the key shor uantitative estimates of the impacts of climate change and climate extremes on plant diversity es of the impacts of climate change and climate extremes on plant diversity and to collaborate ant diversity and to collaborate on the development of adaptive management strategies. |
12584 | 11 | ments of the inter-departmental uk soil indicators consortium to develop a set of policy releva
licy relevant and scientifically robust indicators of soil quality. sqid phase ii . the data de wn on the usefulness of each biological indicator to national-scale soil monitoring; the robust f each biological indicator to national-scale soil monitoring; the robustness of the different st implications, of application of each indicator in a large-scale monitoring scheme and the re pplication of each indicator in a large-scale monitoring scheme and the relative value of the i ng scheme and the relative value of the indicator with respect to others, including issues of c inform the specification of biological indicators for national-scale soil monitoring and for o n of biological indicators for national-scale soil monitoring and for other policy-related soil o be invaluable to the wider scientific community since it will a comprehensive assessment of e gically-relevant components of the soil community. |
12708 | 6 | a scoping review of the implications for wetlands of energy gener
iew of the implications for wetlands of energy generation and distribution activities, covering s for wetlands of energy generation and distribution activities, covering both the conventional ing both the conventional and renewable energy sectors, with reference to issues concerning cli rs, with reference to issues concerning climate change and wetlands, linking as appropriate to tives in these sectors and on issues of energy security in general. |
12183 | 2 | seen solely as a cause of reduced grass productivity. however soil compaction, in its various f
iversity and the quality of the natural environment will be written as well as a full technical |
12180 | 12 | ts. however, due to the complexities of nature, the advantages of creating wildlife habitats ma
life habitats may be detrimental to the environment in other ways. for example, leaving land fa birds may leave the land susceptible to nitrate leaching due to minimal crop cover, and phospha rosion. in order to assess whether agri-environment schemes are beneficial overall an understan anding of the processes relevant to the habitat restoration scenarios is required. the objectiv re to: 1. establish the extent to which habitat restoration occurs in england under environment escribe or predict the likely impact of habitat restoration on nutrient losses. 3. consider the losses. 3. consider the wider impact of habitat restoration on a the fate of nutrients beyond t of habitat restoration on a the fate of nutrients beyond the catchment of restoration, b the fa ntal factors. 4. analyse the benefit of habitat restoration vs the overall environmental impact l terms, including the consideration of mitigation options. 5. identify areas of uncertainty in nagement practices associated with agri-environment schemes on nutrient losses in relation to f |
12619 | 1 | the land use component of the land use, land use change and forestry .
|
12188 | 5 | england’s uplands, and to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, by supporting
ds, and to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, by supporting the land manag t and indirect measurement of outcomes, modelling and the use of case studies. the project will ts will need to be devised that measure indicators which can be used to model impacts on the ta measure indicators which can be used to model impacts on the target environmental variables. a |
12488 | 1 | ne potential benefits of undertaking an ecosystem assessment for england.
|
14622 | 7 | ms. and they could be used as microbial indicators of this bacteria. an study of the prevalence
ciated with legionella or became either indicators or determine the presence or absence of the analysed. physicochemical parameters as temperature, ph, fe, cysteine and presence of biocide w sicochemical parameters as temperature, ph, fe, cysteine and presence of biocide will be analys ganisms that encourage the survival and growth of legionella: protozoa that can be parasitated ogy is similar, so they can survive and growth in the same medium, such as aeromonas spp. and p s spp. and pseudomonas spp. all of them growth faster and are also easier to quantify than legi |
12289 | 10 | nd environmental reasons to improve the efficiency with which crops capture and use water and n
h which crops capture and use water and nutrients in the soil. as pressure increases on global upply, a balance is needed between food production and the maintenance of healthy and diverse o e maintenance of healthy and diverse of ecosystems. high water abstraction and diffuse pollutio s can have negative impacts on adjacent ecosystems. nitrogen . this will provide data on the ro egative impacts on adjacent ecosystems. nitrogen . this will provide data on the root growth an en . this will provide data on the root growth and lateral root number, growth rate and angle o he root growth and lateral root number, growth rate and angle of these accessions and will comp ions and will complement existing trait evaluation work for these lines in wq0119. this work wi rk within oregin and the wider brassica community. these projects deliver directly to defras po |
13787 | 11 | cial fisheries, fish stocks and natural predators, since seabirds often are top predators shari
predators, since seabirds often are top predators sharing a resource base with the fisheries. c have effects on all life stages of fish predators. the response will partly be determined by st ate detailed studies of state-dependant life history responses in predators and responses of ec ate-dependant life history responses in predators and responses of ecologically similar predato s and responses of ecologically similar predator species with changes in abundance and conditio imilar predator species with changes in abundance and condition of prey. indirect impacts will agic fishes in the baltic and waterfowl mortality and lowered seabird reproduction during the p ill provide a scientific foundation for ecosystem-based management that will safeguard viable s is will be valuable for a management of ecosystems striving for maintaining the ability to deli aining the ability to deliver desirable ecosystem goods and services. |
2490 | 4 | p is a new and long-term monitoring and mapping programme for norwegian seabirds that was estab
r an improved management of this marine environment. the data analyses aim to develop further m im to develop further models of seabird distribution and population dynamics using different en ther models of seabird distribution and population dynamics using different environmental param |
15142 | 2 | current proposal is based on the recent development of a bin map in a quercus robur x q. petrae
s with largest ecological diversity and distribution areas. due to colinearity among the white |
11105 | 3 | tle on good quality winter and breeding habitat can determine their survival and reproductive s
t sites at both ends of the range. this connectivity has considerable consequences for demograp in feathers can determine the wintering habitat of breeding birds. understanding these settleme |
11434 | 3 | tle on good quality winter and breeding habitat can determine their survival and reproductive s
t sites at both ends of the range. this connectivity has considerable consequences for demograp in feathers can determine the wintering habitat of breeding birds. understanding these settleme |
10481 | 2 | s, many higher organisms use changes in temperature and daylength with phenotypic variation we
loping biological markers for assessing climate change. |
11780 | 2 | ganisms which are involve in processing carbon. the extra neutron in heavy 13c provides a uniqu
the functionally active species in the environment. we will rapidly detect labelled species us |
15292 | 2 | c bacteria which are responsible of the production of several compounds found in the secretion,
ce. one of the possible benefits of the symbiosis for hoopoes could be protecting eggs against |
7466 | 7 | se threats must explicitly consider the scale at which effects occur, and therefore it is cruci
fic and policy research needed to guide scale-dependent management actions. it will assess and management actions. it will assess and model the scaling properties of natural and anthropogen thropogenic processes and the resulting scale-dependencies of the impacts of these pressures on us levels of biodiversity from genes to ecosystem functions. to facilitate these assessment met to biodiversity loss in terms of their scale-relevance and will develop new tools for matching etworks of protected areas and regional connectivity. this framework will be disseminated to a |
13949 | 9 | in addition, a current concern is that nutrients stored in bottom sediments could be released
e released when disturbed, regenerating nutrients into an already eutrophic ecosystem. whether ing nutrients into an already eutrophic ecosystem. whether these contaminants and nutrients rem osystem. whether these contaminants and nutrients remain buried or are subsequently remobilised t causes substantial disturbance to the sediment. however, the extent and implications of this ne for the first time the importance of sediment resuspension by trawling in the baltic sea. we h field-derived estimates of amounts of sediment, contaminants and nutrients resuspended by tra f amounts of sediment, contaminants and nutrients resuspended by trawling, predictions based on , predictions based on an oceanographic model, and assessments of the bioavailability of resusp |
14728 | 4 | ty, interactions, and genetic makeup in global change scenarios. our methods are interdisciplin
of this structure crucially depends on connectivity patterns among the distinct populations, m m with widespread ones, on the basis of connectivity patterns estimated from ssr and aflp genet ator and seed dispersers for successful recruitment. we study mainly olea europaea var. sylvest |
228 | 3 | are very few studies on the germination behavior of different terrestrial species under natural
be very different in their germination behavior and seed properties, and these differences can terrestrial orchid seeds collected from nature. also we would like to clarify the character of |
11237 | 1 | a crustacean most commonly used in the production of scampi. langoustine is an extremely valua
|
14226 | 4 | ies. we are planning to map the species distribution of clastobasis worldwide and discuss it al
within tropical areas in connection to habitat type and distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi areas in connection to habitat type and distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi as possible food ble information to the knowledge on the distribution, ecology, phylogeography and coevolution o |
10845 | 5 | to erode additive genetic variation for traits associated with fitness; however, fitness relate
with fitness; however, fitness related traits are frequently observed to have abundant genetic on. how is this variation maintained in nature i plan to test the prediction that negative gene t negative genetic correlations between traits subject to selection in the same direction are r genetic parameters for fitness-related traits from the reconstructed multigenerational pedigre |
10339 | 1 | al selection. responses to selection in nature are much less predictable. in fact, in a series
|
10515 | 9 | b, providing numerous insights into how evolution works. however, there is now a serious imbala
know about how things actually work in nature. this discrepancy is a source of concern for two how natural populations can respond to environmental change, and for this, we need studies of w many offspring they have and that the traits displayed by males that have lots of mates are d ve lots of mates are different from the traits typical of males that have lots of offspring. in tural and sexual selection, which drive evolution in populations, are consistent across years o l do well, whereas in others, different traits are more advantageous, this will help maintain g ariation allows populations to adapt to environmental change, so we need to understand how much m will be to investigate how population density affects selection, something that we can only i |
9999 | 9 | b, providing numerous insights into how evolution works. however, there is now a serious imbala
know about how things actually work in nature. this discrepancy is a source of concern for two how natural populations can respond to environmental change, and for this, we need studies of w many offspring they have and that the traits displayed by males that have lots of mates are d ve lots of mates are different from the traits typical of males that have lots of offspring. in tural and sexual selection, which drive evolution in populations, are consistent across years o l do well, whereas in others, different traits are more advantageous, this will help maintain g ariation allows populations to adapt to environmental change, so we need to understand how much m will be to investigate how population density affects selection, something that we can only i |
15353 | 5 | in proteins react readily with reactive oxygen species. however, they can be reduced back to me
t animals subjected to higher oxidative stress may selectively accumulate methionine into their g an innovative approach to improve the stability against in vitro oxidation of proteins with b est, which is based on the differential behavior of methionyl residues depending on their seque residues depending on their sequential environment. |
2021 | 13 | many studies on ecosystems have shown that gradual environmental change
s on ecosystems have shown that gradual environmental change can lead to discontinuous, catastr ophic shifts between alternative stable ecosystem states with concomitant losses of ecological use of the non-linear response of these ecosystems on different temporal and spatial scales, th ew is their use in explaining shifts in ecosystem structures. hence, my central hypothesis is t pothesis is that catastrophic shifts in ecosystems can be predicted on the basis of self-organi veloped and tested in arid and peatland ecosystems. these ecosystems are known to be vulnerable in arid and peatland ecosystems. these ecosystems are known to be vulnerable to catastrophic s ey exhibit spatial self-organization of vegetation. spatially explicit models will be developed ion. in order to formulate a predictive ecosystem theory, i will investigate whether the identi zation and catastrophic shifts in other ecosystems. by this i hope to contribute to a better sc scientific understanding needed for the development of innovative strategies for sustainable ma trategies for sustainable management of ecosystems that are vulnerable to catastrophic shifts. |
11578 | 7 | climate change is proceeding apace. many populations ar
espond rapidly enough to their changing environment. we have little understanding about the ext ng gene in natural populations across a temperature gradient. one possibility is that changes i les. we will evaluate the importance of temperature in altering female mating frequencies in th e wild and therefore the level of sperm competition encountered by males carrying the sex ratio r and may mate more frequently at lower temperature and hence the level of sperm competition is emperature and hence the level of sperm competition is greater, reducing the paternity of sex r |
11830 | 7 | climate change is proceeding apace. many populations ar
espond rapidly enough to their changing environment. we have little understanding about the ext ng gene in natural populations across a temperature gradient. one possibility is that changes i les. we will evaluate the importance of temperature in altering female mating frequencies in th e wild and therefore the level of sperm competition encountered by males carrying the sex ratio r and may mate more frequently at lower temperature and hence the level of sperm competition is emperature and hence the level of sperm competition is greater, reducing the paternity of sex r |
7027 | 1 | applying heat shock in which the exact temperature and exposure time will be tested. heterozyg
|
10984 | 2 | r decades on scottish islands devoid of predators. in deer in particular, there is now impressi
s unusual may help us to understand the evolution of our own uncommon life plan. |
10762 | 2 | soil respiration research programme in peru. the new in
t important elements of the terrestrial carbon cycle. the project will also develop a measureme |
10953 | 3 | oxidised and reduced n on a blanket bog community with low ambient n will be investigated by tr
e made of plant species composition and abundance, mycorrhizal infection in ericoids, vitality oids, vitality and ability to withstand stress, photosynthesis, water relations and nutrient up |
10054 | 4 | efforts to assess ecosystem health by monitoring performance indicators i
system health by monitoring performance indicators in free-living receptor organisms using cont ity to describe the functional basis of resistance or vulnerability to environmental change and basis of resistance or vulnerability to environmental change and impact in a conspicuously impo |
11582 | 4 | efforts to assess ecosystem health by monitoring performance indicators i
system health by monitoring performance indicators in free-living receptor organisms using cont ity to describe the functional basis of resistance or vulnerability to environmental change and basis of resistance or vulnerability to environmental change and impact in a conspicuously impo |
10023 | 1 | coveries made under nerc eg project qtl mapping in natural populations using linkage and linkag
|
11826 | 1 | er by grouping genes according to their function or pattern of gene expression. this proposal w
|
12259 | 2 | ntification of putative genes and their function. the project will also be used to bring the uk
l also be used to bring the uk research community working on solanaceous plants together each y |
10802 | 1 | obal human activities into biodiversity-ecosystem functioning in marine sediments.
|
10283 | 11 | the marine ecosystem is crucial for the functioning of the earth s
lays an essential part in modifying the climate, they account for half of the annual primary pr account for half of the annual primary production on the planet and about two thirds of goods are provided by coastal and open ocean ecosystems. these environments are dominated by microor rect influence on the atmosphere by the production of chemically-active biogases. therefore the try of the oceans is the consequence of microbial activity and understanding the earth system r suggests that the genetic diversity and function is far higher than that investigated so far. t f the microbial diversity in the marine environment was first demonstrated by the study of crai sess the changes in the composition and function that are characterised by seasonal cycles. the stly, and for the first time on a large scale this project will analyse both the diversity and analyse the gene expression of a whole microbial community. |
10307 | 2 | seed . this has major effects on global climate and was even used by that sage, james lovelock,
rpin his gaia hypothesis . although the production and subsequent conversions of dms are hugely |
10562 | 2 | seed . this has major effects on global climate and was even used by that sage, james lovelock,
rpin his gaia hypothesis . although the production and subsequent conversions of dms are hugely |
11323 | 2 | seed . this has major effects on global climate and was even used by that sage, james lovelock,
rpin his gaia hypothesis . although the production and subsequent conversions of dms are hugely |
13333 | 16 | nges in the mediterranean and black sea ecosystems as well as changes in the ability of these e
well as changes in the ability of these ecosystems to provide goods and services. the mediterra ill be approached as a coupled climatic/ecosystem entity, with links and feedbacks to the world s to the world ocean. the assessment of ecosystem changes will be based on the identification o ased on the identification of the major regime shifts in ecosystems that occurred during the la ification of the major regime shifts in ecosystems that occurred during the last 50 years. math w observations, will be used to predict ecosystem responses to changes in climate and anthropog edict ecosystem responses to changes in climate and anthropogenic forcings during the next five xist as well as essential data sets for model validation. sesame will also study the effect of esame will also study the effect of the ecosystem variability on key goods and services with hi tal importance like tourism, fisheries, ecosystem stability though conservation of biodiversity ance like tourism, fisheries, ecosystem stability though conservation of biodiversity and mitig though conservation of biodiversity and mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestrati ation of biodiversity and mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration in water an nd mitigation of climate change through carbon sequestration in water and sediments. the innova naean and black sea regions through the participation of research organisations from member sta |
12191 | 15 | the objective of the uk bap is to halt habitat loss and species decline. in the bap, targets a
low input agricultural practices. agri-environment schemes to evaluate both the existing rapid efinition of grassland types. from this review, a provisional rapid assessment methodology will will be proposed. subsequent literature review and analysis of existing ecological datasets wil ts will identify the timescales for the development of particular attributes used in the provis olders about the key attributes and the thresholds that define whether a particular site achiev tes currently undergoing management for habitat restoration/creation in summer 2010 and 2011. t different times of the year. following evaluation of the field testing and consultation with d n framework for identifying appropriate indicators of success will be proposed. anticipated res ge of expertise to identify appropriate indicators for measuring the success of management, in cales appropriate to the length of agri-environment scheme agreements. the framework will enhan attributes and the timescales for their development will enhance the engagement of landowners w landowners with the objectives of agri-environment scheme. the project outcomes will also cont y providing clear criteria for defining habitat status for restoration sites and ‘wildlife valu or grassland creation sites within agri-environment schemes. |
441 | 4 | vironmental strains. we have shown that spatial variability can be important along a transect f
nities should be monitored at a monthly scale and every two or three days during the phytoplank will allow the long-term monitoring of microbial community structure. we also isolated more th environmental strains from the coastal environment. these strains were purified, stored in the |
2035 | 7 | ment chance and initial post settlement mortality are key processes in determining recruitment
tality are key processes in determining recruitment of marine soft-sediment bivalves, statistic determining recruitment of marine soft-sediment bivalves, statistical analyses of long-term re lves, statistical analyses of long-term recruitment data, laboratory and field experiments, and , laboratory and field experiments, and modeling exercises will be performed to explore the mec riations in stocks sizes of marine soft-sediment bivalves are influenced by density-dependent p oft-sediment bivalves are influenced by density-dependent processes during and shortly after se |
10209 | 2 | super-genus gyrodactylus provide ideal model systems with which to assess the role of recombin
study previously unexplored aspects of evolution and ecology in this economically-important gr |
2029 | 1 | d by operational sex ratio and breeding density. for both species there is a wealth of data all
|
11089 | 1 | d and explain the geographic pattern of distribution of the colour morphs. the aims will be ach
|
14783 | 3 | genus microtus, are a very interesting model system to study the structure and function of the
model system to study the structure and function of the heterochromatin. in fact, this family i e the composition, structure, origin an evolution of the heterochromatic blocks from the sex ch |
10080 | 9 | ations, they must divide their time and energy between vital activities such as finding food an
can be expensive as they are powered by energy and nutrients. as supplies of these are limited, nsive as they are powered by energy and nutrients. as supplies of these are limited, animals th ed strong sexual selection with intense competition among males. under these conditions, males ct that these males will then have less energy and fewer nutrients left to invest in immunity, es will then have less energy and fewer nutrients left to invest in immunity, making them more n mating contests they should have more energy and nutrients to invest in their immune systems, ntests they should have more energy and nutrients to invest in their immune systems, making the ts and natural enemies that live in our environment and also how they evolve along-side one ano |
10933 | 4 | coelopids show a dramatic increase in mortality in the presence of seaweed. the presence of s
presence of seaweed not only increases mortality but also stimulates mate searching and mounti ntial role sexual conflict plays in the evolution of senescence. we propose here to investigate conflict in generating the increase in mortality seen in the presence of seaweed. we will also |
10856 | 1 | aim of this study is to understand the evolution of post-mating reproductive barriers between
|
10519 | 5 | ion to new environments can lead to the evolution of new forms, but recently there has been gre
rticular sexual conflict to drive rapid evolution. the theory is that males are under constant o which sexual conflict can drive rapid evolution and population divergence remains poorly stud pulation size in promoting or retarding evolution driven by sexual conflict 2. is divergence fa the adaptations which have driven their evolution. for instance a new male seminal chemical tha |
10972 | 5 | ion to new environments can lead to the evolution of new forms, but recently there has been gre
rticular sexual conflict to drive rapid evolution. the theory is that males are under constant o which sexual conflict can drive rapid evolution and population divergence remains poorly stud pulation size in promoting or retarding evolution driven by sexual conflict 2. is divergence fa the adaptations which have driven their evolution. for instance a new male seminal chemical tha |
1980 | 5 | conflicts of interest can give rise to traits advantageous for one sex but harmful to the othe
co-evolutionary arms race where harmful traits and corresponding counter-adaptations arise. dar onficts between the male and the female function of lymnaea. the conflict over sperm survival i ted female maturation, but retards body growth. again this strategy is advantageous from the ma ing of speciation, biodiversity and the evolution of bizarre hermaphroditic mating behaviours. |
6735 | 2 | and females is compared. following the mapping of differences the astroglial reaction to exper
ifferences are also studied as possible indicators of local glia-neuron interactions. |
2143 | 1 | mates. using the bluethroat as a study model, the project investigates cues used by females in
|
11351 | 6 | t or microbe is called a species . this classification is very important to understand, because
ffspring. how is a new species produced evolution, which is the process responsible for all for this isolation to occur. this level of evolution is important and poorly understood. in this p this project, we plan to use one animal model, a flour beetle, to examine what specific reprodu eproductively isolated, and whether the competition to reproduce can also play an important rol e hopefully identify which reproductive traits lead to reproductive isolation, and therefore a |
15081 | 5 | ble evidence suggests that reproductive traits evolve rapidly and that sexual selection could p
. this process leads to antagonistic co-evolution between the sexes which promotes rapid change promotes rapid changes in reproductive traits that could lead to speciation. the sexual select metrical. our work has shown that sperm competition has selected a larger population of sperm r ation, examining the influence of sperm competition upon early reproductive barriers between sp |
14642 | 2 | ns through the selective force of sperm competition upon males to increase the competitive abil
d sexual selection on the other, in the evolution of gametic isolation in a group of closely re |
14619 | 3 | n is a very important force driving the evolution of individual behaviour and ornamentation, an
implications for individual fitness and population dynamics are badly understood. by means of a ce. well combine studies in the natural habitat with lab experiments to understand the mechanis |
15473 | 12 | sexual selection drives the rapid evolution of reproductive traits and genes. one of the
ves the rapid evolution of reproductive traits and genes. one of the main determinants of sperm shape to reduce drag, or an increase in energy production by sperm. we propose to test these hy o reduce drag, or an increase in energy production by sperm. we propose to test these hypothese rodents which differ in levels of sperm competition, and which have been shown to be a good mod and which have been shown to be a good model because many of their reproductive traits are sha odel because many of their reproductive traits are shaped by sexual selection. an increase in s sexual selection. an increase in sperm metabolism could have considerable costs in terms of ox estigate if sperm suffer from oxidative stress or if it is prevented by the evolution of protec ive stress or if it is prevented by the evolution of protective counter-measures such as change evolutionary rates and levels of sperm competition, and potential links with phenotypic traits on, and potential links with phenotypic traits. |
11000 | 1 | ich help the individual cope with their environment and by doing so the females thereby obtain
|
9824 | 1 | ich help the individual cope with their environment and by doing so the females thereby obtain
|
2112 | 7 | ncreasing evidence that recent climatic warming affects various aspects of ecological communiti
al data in order to relate variation in temperature to population trends and various life histo rature to population trends and various life history traits. however such correlative studies c ulation trends and various life history traits. however such correlative studies can not tell w evolutionary response to changes in the environment, we need knowledge about the amount of addi erences in additive genetic variance in body size among male and female pied flycatcher aimed t of maternal effects on heritability on body size in different environments. to our knowledge t |
10017 | 1 | d finally we have information about the density and weather conditions in which each animal has
|
11844 | 1 | s knowledge and technology to the wider community. firstly, we shall work with the producers of
|
11332 | 13 | have shown negative effects of lowered ph on biological functions in a wide range of marine an
asingly have, on marine life and on the stability of marine ecosystems. this is especially so f ine life and on the stability of marine ecosystems. this is especially so for species with high will investigate the effects of varying ph in current environments by sampling populations of k ey species living in sites of different ph. terebratulina retusa is distributed from the medite s living in sealochs and harbours where ph is lower than offshore. calloria inconspicua inhabit sample populations living in different ph conditions and analyse their shells. we will also mo lyse their shells. we will also monitor ph in the areas sampled for at least a year. this will al responses to being raised in reduced ph in the natural environment. secondly we will quantif ing raised in reduced ph in the natural environment. secondly we will quantify changes in skele ological periods when co2 levels in the environment were markedly different from today. this wi rom today. this will allow evolutionary scale responses to be addressed. finally we will hold o species in culture systems with altered ph conditions and assess changes in skeletal compositio |
180 | 3 | all. considering the importance of the vegetation for fishes and invertebrates as a habitat an
ation for fishes and invertebrates as a habitat and shelter, it was presumed that changes in th influence considerably the whole river ecosystem. the goal of this grant project is to enhance |
15588 | 10 | extreme weather events on biodiversity, ecosystem functions, resilience and tipping points in g
of extreme drought on biodiversity and ecosystem functions is a key facet of current climate c tem functions is a key facet of current climate change research. in particular, identifying mec gradients, which may serve to regulate ecosystem services in the face of climate extremes and ulate ecosystem services in the face of climate extremes and foster the identification of early ntification of early warning signals of thresholds of regime shift. relevance: signal is well-c early warning signals of thresholds of regime shift. relevance: signal is well-connected withi is well-connected within the scientific community, members belonging to large research initiati ut european gradients of resilience and indicators of tipping points in the face of climate ext cators of tipping points in the face of climate extremes, supporting eu policies and national l |
2129 | 9 | f animal signals. we investigate signal evolution and signal discrimination in two contexts, ma
ybrid zone, where different male sexual traits convey conflicting information about species ide ts convey conflicting information about species identity and mate quality. the empirical setup we study optimal attack strategies for predators foraging on a batesian mimic-model complex, u predators foraging on a batesian mimic-model complex, using both optimality theory and learnin g and plasticity facilitates or buffers evolution, including whether imprinting facilitates rei of a batesian mimic and its unpalatable model species. to this end we will apply a recently dev recently developed population-genetical model framework to study the evolution of evolvability -genetical model framework to study the evolution of evolvability and the effects of pleiotropy |
11340 | 13 | genetic variation can be maintained in traits that are under constant selection. this has been
ever, it is an empirical fact that most traits show significant genetic variation in the face o s considered particularly important for traits that are the target of mate choice, where female acter. one possible explanation for why traits that are the target of mate choice retain geneti riation is that the expression of these traits depends on the overall condition of the individu on and as a result, condition dependent traits are expected to reflect this genetic variation i interactions between individuals during development play in producing variation in condition an ducing variation in condition dependent traits that are the target of mate choice. traits that its that are the target of mate choice. traits that are affected by social interactions show ve ent evolutionary dynamics than ordinary traits and evolutionary genetic models suggest that the onary genetic models suggest that these traits may be particularly interesting with respect to alk-eyed fly, cyrtodiopsis dalmani as a model system, we will utilize a statistical genetic mod , we will utilize a statistical genetic model to estimate the relative importance of social int |
13857 | 3 | resting stages that can survive in the sediment for decades. resting stages are often referred
resting stage addition to phytoplankton community development. molecular methods will include p age addition to phytoplankton community development. molecular methods will include primers tar |
15071 | 1 | been one of the key innovations in the evolution of insects, which influenced decisively in th
|
10299 | 9 | ghout north and south america the first model for the spread of maize into south america arose
location of each variety. the resulting model suggested that maize was initially introduced int brazil in relatively recent times. this model was held to be generally correct until 2002 when rown throughout south america. this new model holds that the southwards movement of maize from ith both these models. the geographical distribution of the varieties being studied is a critic ical component of the analysis, as this distribution, when compared with the genetic relationsh r the analysis to work, the present-day distribution of the maize varieties must be similar to il, and so we cannot yet be sure if our model is accurate. the purpose of the proposed project of the proposed project is to test our model by obtaining substantially more genetic data from |
14272 | 4 | emphasizes the study of biogeochemical complexity in earth surface environments combining fiel
onments combining field, laboratory and modelling work. the partner of the present project, pro . p. regnier, is the coordinator of the modelling group and is the originator of the coupled tr nator of the coupled transport-reaction model contraste. |
12668 | 3 | onitoring aims to understand effects of climate change and atmospheric pollution on biodiversit
. it involves measurement of aspects of climate and pollution with assessment of biodiversity, imination of effects, and link into the environment change network. the dataset may enable anal |
11212 | 2 | analysis techniques to acquire species abundance and length frequency data. for aries samples,
e consistent size frequency and species abundance estimates for the other groups of predatory p |
9806 | 10 | nisms that determine differences in the spatial pattern and relative abundance of closely relat
ces in the spatial pattern and relative abundance of closely related tropical trees on small sp ies with an aggregated pattern of adult distribution show reduced seed production or increased of adult distribution show reduced seed production or increased mortality of seeds or seedlings ow reduced seed production or increased mortality of seeds or seedlings outside high density pa lity of seeds or seedlings outside high density patches, while species with a random or over-di species with a random or over-dispersed distribution of adults show reduced fecundity in high d f adults show reduced fecundity in high density patches, or density/distance-dependant mortalit d fecundity in high density patches, or density/distance-dependant mortality of seeds or young patches, or density/distance-dependant mortality of seeds or young seedlings. |
15580 | 1 | versity and may provide a wide range of ecosystem services a supranational stakeholder board wi
|
13334 | 9 | ensuring the sustainable management of ecosystems requires insight into the socio-economic pro
nsion of protection of biodiversity and ecosystems is still somewhat underexplored, and it woul of social research on biodiversity and ecosystem management, or of a coordinated international ccessfully applied to issues concerning ecosystem and biodiversity management. despite this obv upport and enhance the effectiveness of ecosystem and biodiversity management, social research h is not yet commonly integrated in the development and implementation of biodiversity policy. ghts concerning the societal context of ecosystem and biodiversity management into policy tools g to the management of biodiversity and ecosystems, and especially to the development of succes y and ecosystems, and especially to the development of successful policies in this field. this |
11544 | 3 | ong individuals in behaviours and other traits has been, even before darwin, one of the central
tors that will affect the expression of traits ranging from behavioural, developmental to compl cts might facilitate or constrain trait evolution. models about how trait expression changes du |
10221 | 13 | line rapidly and die early. research on model laboratory organisms such as fruit flies and mice
ests that the rate of decline in bodily function with age, or the rate of senescence, will depe d quality of resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative f resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative animals, b on in social investment received during development influence adult survival and condition we w address the last question using a large-scale field experiment in which we provision pups with eriment in which we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for d ch we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for downstream effe ve performance, and levels of oxidative stress. the research will generate important new inform main factors influencing variation and mortality and fertility in natural populations of socia s, and how natural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living tural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living in close-knit of early-life effects on adult fitness traits. these investigations promise to advance our und |
10904 | 13 | line rapidly and die early. research on model laboratory organisms such as fruit flies and mice
ests that the rate of decline in bodily function with age, or the rate of senescence, will depe d quality of resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative f resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative animals, b on in social investment received during development influence adult survival and condition we w address the last question using a large-scale field experiment in which we provision pups with eriment in which we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for d ch we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for downstream effe ve performance, and levels of oxidative stress. the research will generate important new inform main factors influencing variation and mortality and fertility in natural populations of socia s, and how natural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living tural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living in close-knit of early-life effects on adult fitness traits. these investigations promise to advance our und |
9992 | 13 | line rapidly and die early. research on model laboratory organisms such as fruit flies and mice
ests that the rate of decline in bodily function with age, or the rate of senescence, will depe d quality of resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative f resources available during growth and development. in highly social or cooperative animals, b on in social investment received during development influence adult survival and condition we w address the last question using a large-scale field experiment in which we provision pups with eriment in which we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for d ch we provision pups with nutrients for growth or with antioxidants to test for downstream effe ve performance, and levels of oxidative stress. the research will generate important new inform main factors influencing variation and mortality and fertility in natural populations of socia s, and how natural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living tural selection shapes the evolution of life history in long-lived animals living in close-knit of early-life effects on adult fitness traits. these investigations promise to advance our und |
11483 | 1 | pended animation in a freezer, allowing evolution to be measured by directly comparing differen
|
10492 | 7 | ers to flexibility in individual mating behavior that is influenced by environmental factors. t
ack to alter selection pressure on male traits. my research will use an insect system, because s for sexual selection pressure on male traits. my postdoctoral work at the university of calif plasticity varies on a population-wide scale. theoretical arguments suggest that founding popu ptive phenotypic plasticity. the social environment of newly-founded populations would be expec l environments by altering their mating behavior. my analysis will detect whether females of di on mate choice plasticity can drive the evolution of reproductive barriers between populations. |
14206 | 3 | background knowledge that exists on the behavior and ecology of gray-cheeked mangabeys from ear
ether experts in the fields of ecology, behavior, physiology, wildlife veterinary, biodemograph terinary, biodemography and statistical modeling of longitudinal data. |
12335 | 1 | ve an expert workshop and result in the development of socio-economic data-layers. the inclusio
|
12620 | 16 | soils contain far more carbon than vegetation or the atmosphere, and the conce
soils contain far more carbon than vegetation or the atmosphere, and the concentration of he atmosphere, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and hence the climate dioxide in the atmosphere and hence the climate are sensitive to any changes in soil carbon. th climate are sensitive to any changes in soil carbon. the amount of soil carbon is itself sensit y changes in soil carbon. the amount of soil carbon is itself sensitive to the way the land is england and elsewhere have been losing carbon as a result of past changes in land management. his problem and potentially to increase carbon storage in english soils. four sub-projects are centrates on knowledge gaps relating to soil carbon and how it may change with management pract s for accurate routine determination of soil carbon. the overall project will be co-ordinated b sulting ltd, the centre for ecology and hydrology, the british geological survey and skm enviro ential effects of future changes in our climate and land management practices on soil carbon an limate and land management practices on soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. soil carbon u il carbon and greenhouse gas emissions. soil carbon underlying the topsoil and its interactions ace horizon will be explored to improve carbon storage and sampling and laboratory determinatio ampling and laboratory determination of soil carbon will be standardised for soil monitoring sc |
15148 | 4 | tegy for soil protection related to the soil organic carbon cycle this overall objective can be
practices and agricultural systems and soil organic carbon balance. to determine the soil comp ation is smaller and the quality of the organic matter greater in order to establish possible s in order to establish possible sinks of carbon in the mediterranean soils. |
227 | 4 | ess on grasslands. how are changing the soil properties during intensive management, in which l
which load the pores continue still to function, how the technology used influences the regene cultures and thereby the nutrition and productivity of plants, is slightly known. however, as fect of soil compaction and improve the soil properties at different fertilization rates will b |
13867 | 6 | intention is to describe the am fungal community in south swedish habitats and determine soil
species composition, biomass and spore production. disturbed sandy grasslands in south east sw and successional stage on the am fungal community will be studied in order to test the intermed species composition, biomass and spore production of am fungal communities. 2. to investigate rbance-induced changes in diversity and community composition results in changes in am mycelium ble isotope labelling the influences on ecosystem c cycling will be monitored. |
13988 | 8 | in tropical soil the organic matter content decreases and the soil structure
affected by amounts and quantity of of soil organic matter and different crops and different i esity of soil cultivation - is the soil food web more stable and recilient in soil with high or stable and recilient in soil with high organic matter content and high biodiversity than in de what extent are different taxonomic and functional groups of soil animals feeding on the growin and to what extent do they use the dead organic matter as their basic food source the structure source the structure of the soil fauna community will be studied by sampling in allready exist 13c isotop will be followed through the food web. |
12632 | 10 | four sub-projects are: objective a: to review the role of soil biota in soil fertility and qua
degradation on the ability of soils to function and identify gaps in the evidence base and pro research requirements. objective c: to review the overall costs and benefits of soil erosion m measures and to identify cost-effective mitigation measures. objective d: to provide a clear vi the current knowledge on the impacts of climate change on soil processes, functions and its rel submitted to defra for comment. a final review/report will be produced for each sub-project and of soil degradation on soil functions; review the costs and benefits of mitigation measures us tions; review the costs and benefits of mitigation measures used to reduce soil erosion; and re asures used to reduce soil erosion; and review the potential impacts of climate change on soil on; and review the potential impacts of climate change on soil processes, functions and biota. |
14490 | 5 | o determine its transient or persistent nature, due to the crucial consequences that this aspec
onsequences that this aspect has on the population dynamics of threatened species.seed burial e ination ability and response to several temperature and light conditions of periodically exhume completed with the study of germination phenology in nature.the general aim of the study is to h the study of germination phenology in nature.the general aim of the study is to gather detail |
7477 | 12 | ltrec proposes to develop an integrated model of soil processes that describes key soil functio
ec soil thematic strategy as essential ecosystem services for the well-being and economic succ tegrate soil erosion, solute transport, carbon dynamics and food web dynamics within an open-so , solute transport, carbon dynamics and food web dynamics within an open-source modelling frame food web dynamics within an open-source modelling framework. this framework will provide the pl de the platform, together with existing gis capacity, for a prototype simulator at eu-scale to pacity, for a prototype simulator at eu-scale to assess soil threats and evaluate approaches to soil threats and evaluate approaches to mitigation. this physical-based modelling will be integ ches to mitigation. this physical-based modelling will be integrated with new advances in decis zone. this encompasses the terrestrial environment from the top of the biosphere s tree canopy he data sets to validate the integrated model of soil processes. these process studies will be and rates as they vary with lithology, climate and land use. these sites and their teams will |
12605 | 1 | ions for them of changing management of organic matter within their enterprise. 2.to demonstrat
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13350 | 20 | delivering food, fiber and biofuels and carbon storage. however, the demand is greater than the
r than the amount of soil available, as production of biofuels competes with areas for food pro f biofuels competes with areas for food production and nature. moreover, intensified land use r etes with areas for food production and nature. moreover, intensified land use reduces soil bio ces soil biodiversity and the resulting ecosystem services. soilservice will value soil biodive soil biodiversity through the impact on ecosystem services and propose how these values can be biodiversity surveys to construct soil food web models and determine effects of changing soil ffects of changing soil biodiversity on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosph iversity on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as ass on stability and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as assess cons and resilience of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, as well as assess consequences for aluing soil biodiversity in relation to ecosystem services. objectives: • develop methods to va ctives: • develop methods to value soil ecosystem services during different pressure of land us anges in soil biodiversity. • field and modelling studies will determine to what spatial and te poral scales soil biodiversity and soil ecosystem services are vulnerable to disturbance. • det detecting processes that indicate when ecosystems are approaching the limits of their natural determine and predict sustainability of ecosystem services at different types of land use • bui drivers of how land use such as biofuel production and land abandonment can influence soil biod ent can influence soil biodiversity and ecosystem services over european scale. • interacting w ty and ecosystem services over european scale. • interacting with eu policies and strategies wi |
12405 | 1 | mplications of its impact on the marine environment are matters of considerable concern. the re
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10556 | 3 | biochemical investigation to track the production, transportation and eventual secretion of th
ticular hydrocarbons , within a spatial environment that can be subject to different conditions tion will provide new insights into the evolution and maintaince of recognition systems not onl |
11286 | 3 | biochemical investigation to track the production, transportation and eventual secretion of th
ticular hydrocarbons , within a spatial environment that can be subject to different conditions tion will provide new insights into the evolution and maintaince of recognition systems not onl |
11246 | 11 | uous burning of fossil fuel, the global environment is facing a crisis stemming from rapidly ri
g from rapidly rising concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in our atmosp as emissions at or above current rates, carbon dioxide will reach nearly triple the pre-industr sment of the intergovernmental panel on climate change, the high latitudes will experience the h latitudes will experience the largest temperature increases, resulting in a rapid melting of warm periods and across major climatic thresholds. the proposed research project will reconstr research project will reconstruct past vegetation of antarctica and southern australasia durin lution pollen analyses with global data-model comparison, this proposed study will foster a dee icating weakness and strength, the data-model comparison will also contribute to the improvemen l also contribute to the improvement of climate models that we rely upon for simulating future that we rely upon for simulating future climate change. |
13536 | 5 | ether these sown wild flower strips can function as corridors in the chosen area in switzerland
sidered: the available species pool and abundance in nearby grasslands, environmental factors a in nearby grasslands in the context of metacommunity research. the study will be carried out b he field data will be used to develop a model of metacommunity dynamics which is expected to pr data will be used to develop a model of metacommunity dynamics which is expected to provide use |
1941 | 2 | ive particular attention. the resulting model will be analyzed with numerical simulation and op
analyzed with numerical simulation and optimization techniques. |
464 | 9 | ve is the sustainable management of the environment in two regions of the islands in the indian
te the decision-making concerning local development. in madagascar, the regions establish devel t. in madagascar, the regions establish development plans that include sustainable management o t include sustainable management of the environment. nonetheless, little scientific information l ecologic mechanisms, and the existing development plans only take into account partial data. nt partial data. in the comoro islands, environment corrosion is even faster, due to a high pop s even faster, due to a high population density. the government is considering the creation of cientific studies on the functioning of ecosystems to facilitate the decision-making for the el ecision-making for the elaboration of a development plan. we have chosen a zone of study in mad |
7223 | 5 | e are the sustainable management of the environment in two regions of the indian ocean islands,
field observations to characterize the environment and biodiversity, and space images for deci ment. madagascar has, regions establish development plans that include sustainable environmenta cientific studies on the functioning of ecosystems to support decisions in the development of a ecosystems to support decisions in the development of a management plan. we chose a study area |
15263 | 1 | twork of protected steppe areas and the development and implementation of appropriate agri-envi
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13461 | 10 | ology can explain territorial dynamics, distribution and colonization of populations. wolverine
territorial dynamics, distribution and colonization of populations. wolverine and lynx are ter territory settlement follows a despotic distribution, i.e. high quality territories will be occ th of a female will not influence local density as she will be quickly replaced by a female fro conflicts between reindeer herding and predators is killing in high-density areas of these spe erding and predators is killing in high-density areas of these species. however, if young indiv ed animals, as predicted, the number of predators might not decrease in high-density areas and of predators might not decrease in high-density areas and the intended conflict measure will ha understand effects of killing on local density of wolverine and lynx and their distribution we density of wolverine and lynx and their distribution we need detailed knowledge of their spatia |
12447 | 5 | hydrographical processes governing the recruitment of scallops in the english channel, and the
nnel, and the potential consequences of climate change upon these processes. develop a forecast these processes. develop a forecasting model for scallop populations which incorporates spatia ents based on new insights into scallop recruitment gained during the research. key customer pu of the spatial and temporal patterns of recruitment. |
2146 | 3 | herefore be of great importance for the production of salmon. we will in this project choose th
brown trout and brook trout. models of competition parameters from west brook will be applied e important value for managers planning habitat restoration projects in other more anthropogeni |
13559 | 7 | ocuses on the relation between wildlife abundance in tropical forests and spatial heterogeneity
dlife abundance in tropical forests and spatial heterogeneity in terms of natural environmental l forest area surrounding an indigenous community in the amazon, with a vegetation classificati igenous community in the amazon, with a vegetation classification that will be made based on fi munity in the amazon, with a vegetation classification that will be made based on field invento de based on field inventory of ferns as indicator species of soil characteristics, in combinati il characteristics, in combination with remote sensing. the interactions between hunters and ga |
1940 | 2 | turn can then be linked to the economic model and analysis, a11owing to trace the influence of
wing to trace the influence of economic development of wetland areas. |
15016 | 24 | mountain ecosystems are the most important reservoir of biodiver
eservoir of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems partly because the range of environmental va es in the mountains as a consequence of temperature elevation. although not only the climate ch rature elevation. although not only the climate change will have important effect on the dynami rtant effect on the dynamic of mountain ecosystems, rather the interactions between climate, hu ystems, rather the interactions between climate, human intervention and the composing entities limit is particularly sensitive to the land use change and climate change. in consequence, thi ly sensitive to the land use change and climate change. in consequence, this ecosystem and can nd climate change. in consequence, this ecosystem and can be an excellent earlier indicator of osystem and can be an excellent earlier indicator of the effect of those changes on the biodive biodiversity and sustainability of the ecosystems and present a rapid response that can be use ent a rapid response that can be use to model the change in the ecosystem spatial organization t can be use to model the change in the ecosystem spatial organization and to detect catastroph hic shifts. on the other side, semiarid ecosystems present a slow response, and their diversity rsity conservation is more dependent on facilitation and propagulos availability than the site site availability as in more productive ecosystems. the comparisons of a broad range of variati om the central pyrenees to the semiarid ecosystems of the middle ebro valley. our priority is t structural changes or drift in mountain ecosystems before transition triggers occurs and it is ysis will be performed analyzing at the scale of vegetation patches the change in diversity, sp be performed analyzing at the scale of vegetation patches the change in diversity, spatial org in diversity, spatial organization and functional traits of the plant species. we will use veg raits of the plant species. we will use vegetation patches that vary in size, isolation and age archical levels constraints the spatial distribution of species at lower levels to identify cas patchiness to provide transition shifts indicators from satellite image parameters. this projec |
2113 | 15 | how continuous spatial distributions of habitat may be applied to explain the spatial distribut
t may be applied to explain the spatial distribution of a species with high economic value - th economic value - the moose. continuous habitat distributions may be estimated from spatial dat ethods. the kernel method estimates the density of a given habitat variable at each spatial loc method estimates the density of a given habitat variable at each spatial location given the who patial location given the whole spatial distribution of that habitat. compared to the tradition the whole spatial distribution of that habitat. compared to the traditional use of discrete po int- or grid cell estimates, continuous habitat distributions have some beneficial properties: of spatial resolution; and 3 continuous habitat distributions may be an index that describes th ve better predictability to the spatial model. here, i suggest correlating continuous spatial h suggest correlating continuous spatial habitat and animal distributions to map the association ibutions to map the association between habitat and organism. i will further extrapolate the sp i will further extrapolate the spatial model into larger areas to study the predictability of reas to study the predictability of the model. the actual landowner configuration will then be how the various landowners manage their habitat may then be studied by applying game theory. i |
10347 | 3 | migration rates and population structure will be quanti
aimed at assessing the consequences of habitat deterioration and fragmentation on population s e of genetic diversity. at the european scale microsatellites will be used to describe the phyl |
10541 | 17 | val generally declines due to increased competition for resources such as food or breeding site
breeding sites. this process is called density-dependence, and it has been a core theme in pop anding how populations might respond to environmental change, such as habitat loss or changes i espond to environmental change, such as habitat loss or changes in climate. we know that densit nge, such as habitat loss or changes in climate. we know that density-dependence occurs in popu oss or changes in climate. we know that density-dependence occurs in populations across a wide rvation concern. as a result, models of population dynamics used to aid decisions about their c ons about their conservation often lack density-dependence, or make strong assumptions about th icts that these will play a key role in density-dependence. also, it is increasingly recognized duals are forced to occupy poor quality habitat as a population grows, thereby driving down the ividuals within the population. spatial distribution patterns consistent with this idea are wid r the wider implications for population growth or persistence. in this project, we propose to a s of dispersal decisions for population growth and persistence in the face of environmental cha n growth and persistence in the face of environmental change. as a result, our research will pr ding of how dispersal generates spatial distribution patterns and density-dependence, and a the rates spatial distribution patterns and density-dependence, and a theoretical framework for lin ical framework for linking dispersal to population dynamics. |
14539 | 8 | oots may have an important role in arid ecosystems where water is a limiting resource. such red
ibution can be upwards , soil type, the organic matter content, the depth of water table, as we ishment and because it could extend the growth season, and influence the water balance of other nd the growth season, and influence the water balance of other species. we propose carrying out field and laboratory experiments, using remote sensing and geographic information systems to an y experiments, using remote sensing and geographic information systems to analyse mechanisms of nce of hydraulic redistribution for the productivity, biological diversity and plant-plant inte ty and plant-plant interactions in arid ecosystems. |
11748 | 2 | pertise in spatial population theory to model the specific ecological systems under investigati
owledge of the specific systems and the modelling results will be bale to confer new levels of |
15273 | 1 | ical interface. task 7.3 will deal with indirect effects in plant communities cohorts of plants
|
11510 | 8 | , infectious diseases are widespread in nature and pose a severe threat to our environment. sin
nature and pose a severe threat to our environment. since these diseases cause significant har bility of bacterial pathogens to evolve resistance to antibiotics is of increasing concern and teraction between bacteria and phage in nature with results from controlled, laboratory experim tion. i will examine both how the plant environment influences the coevolution between bacteria is often more complex than simple, two species interactions and that understanding multi-speci teractions and that understanding multi-species interactions is key to making predictions of ho dictions of how diseases will evolve in nature. |
10308 | 6 | be important in maintaining the earth s ecosystems. as a consequence many ecologists are focuss
y similar species can occur in the same habitat. this diversity is not just a property of tropi pace. this is potentially important for competition because individuals interact only with thei ht that reaches them, and slowing their growth rate. despite this fact, most of the mathematica mathematical models that include plant growth to see if any new hypotheses like heteromyopia e ty is maintained in the face of intense competition for limiting resources. |
11406 | 6 | be important in maintaining the earth s ecosystems. as a consequence many ecologists are focuss
y similar species can occur in the same habitat. this diversity is not just a property of tropi pace. this is potentially important for competition because individuals interact only with thei ht that reaches them, and slowing their growth rate. despite this fact, most of the mathematica mathematical models that include plant growth to see if any new hypotheses like heteromyopia e ty is maintained in the face of intense competition for limiting resources. |
2207 | 4 | life, especially harvest, in the forest ecosystem can rely on spatial dynamics. related uncerta
ment will theoretically be addressed in modeling tools. from the very beginning we will work in be closely integrated with the project modeling tools, monitoring impact and values and welfar te to: • integrate spatially structured population dynamics to determine the appropriate spatia |
7686 | 3 | e of the essential keys to increase the efficiency and coherence of future agri-environmental p
lock pointed to by the grenelle of the environment and in response to this third after diva me makers and will seek the most relevant indicators to assess the tvahr |
2032 | 3 | ative study of population structure and population dynamics in a commercially important flatfis
s together cover several aspects of the spatial scale of the population structure of marine org isms and relate these to aspects of the spatial scale of the exploitation of marine living reso |
15531 | 14 | increasingly threatened by land use and climate changes, and associated changes in disturbance
understanding the relationships between ecosystem structure and function is of crucial importan onships between ecosystem structure and function is of crucial importance for ecoystem conserva experiments, observational studies, and modelling work to investigate how both spatial pattern modelling work to investigate how both spatial pattern and plant diversity determine ecosystem l pattern and plant diversity determine ecosystem functioning in fire-prone mediterranean woodl ct will focus on key functions in these ecosystems such as resistance and resilience against di y functions in these ecosystems such as resistance and resilience against disturbances, and wil st disturbances, and will also evaluate carbon sequestration potential through the analyses of ation potential through the analyses of carbon budgets in the experimental areas. the specifc o between plant pattern and diversity and ecosystem functioning, but in this case focusing in wat n the ecohydrological feedbacks between ecosystem structure and functioning in semiarid lands. ost suitable strategies to increase the resistance and resilience of the target ecosystems agai resistance and resilience of the target ecosystems against disturbances and to optimize restora |
10272 | 2 | do so by measuring diffusivity using a temperature micro-profiler, which measures vertical wat
profiler, which measures vertical water temperature profiles at specific locations with a resol |
15282 | 6 | ave been proposed to have this disjunct distribution on the basis of morphological similarities
oposed for the origin of this enigmatic distribution: a fragmentation of a macrocontinental flo ica, b origin in western asia and later migration towards e. and s. africa; c dispersion of sou aims to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of six plant genera exhibiting this disjuncti s, or the appearance of a novel type of metabolism. the final aim of the coordinated project is roject will be integrated into a larger meta-analysis to test for the existence of this pattern |
15169 | 8 | sequences in the regenerative cycles of vegetation in mediterranean saline steppes inhabited by
by albardine the co-occurrence of other plant-animal interactions may restrict the recruitment. nt-animal interactions may restrict the recruitment. 5.- the study of seed bank changes through e study of seed bank changes throughout succession after cropland abandonment in albardine step environmental conditions, particularly soil properties, are responsible for change patterns ra as confirmed in gypsum steppes, another habitat with particular soil properties as well. studie teppes, another habitat with particular soil properties as well. studies will be carried out in currently doing efforts to protect this habitat. |
14684 | 9 | mobile dunes of doñana at two different spatial scale. at a large scale, the vegetation changes
two different spatial scale. at a large scale, the vegetation changes that have taken place in nt spatial scale. at a large scale, the vegetation changes that have taken place in the mobile he changes, and the effect of the large scale pattern on lower scale processes.at a lower scale ect of the large scale pattern on lower scale processes.at a lower scale, we will continue stud ern on lower scale processes.at a lower scale, we will continue studying the natural regenerati ain and europe. the study includes seed production and viability, predispersal seed predation, production and viability, predispersal seed predation, seed rain, postdispersal seed predation eed predation, seed rain, postdispersal seed predation, germination, establishment and survival |
2128 | 3 | use a combination of data analysis and modelling. we have brought together a strong team of re
ntary expertise in bark beetle ecology, modelling and biological invasions . the budget include gical invasions . the budget includes a recruitment fellowship as a part of the competence buil |
2507 | 2 | ght into the spatiotemporal dynamics of growth and survival of fish larvae through their first
ssible population effects of oil-caused mortality of fish larvae. |
14802 | 1 | d to obtain information that allows the development of appropriate conservation strategies.
|
14902 | 1 | this research aims to assess the evaluation of homoploid interspecific gene flow between
|
10012 | 2 | t lakes, some of the richest freshwater ecosystems on earth, are regarded as biodiversity hotsp
ersity hotspots. fascination with these ecosystems is in part because the lakes are home to hun |
11312 | 3 | an rivers. furthermore, a broad species distribution also allows biologists to examine whether
ng events, or drier periods in africa s climate have influenced the evolution of synodontis cat in africa s climate have influenced the evolution of synodontis catfish. the results of this st |
11626 | 4 | ous barriers to dispersal in the marine environment, are traditionally considered to result in
od genus turbo and to generate accurate distribution maps for each species based on museum coll ion of shallow-water marine organisms 4 evolution of the indo-west pacific - are modern indo-we e they remnants of a widespread tethyan community |
15159 | 1 | marine fish with contrasting speciation model and timing: merluccius and pomatomus the chrosomo
|
11438 | 1 | ty, in terms of endemism, dispersal and habitat specialisation, will be investigated using gene
|
13758 | 1 | ilability of a perfect avian australian model system promises to offer a diversity of novel, ex
|
15222 | 10 | and limits in the capacity to transfer distribution models between different geographical area
the challenges posed by the changes in climate and land use. the group of species analysed wil nd biogeographical relationships affect model transferibility. 5. to adapt and apply a thermic bility. 5. to adapt and apply a thermic energy model for a reptile species, timon lepidus, in o 5. to adapt and apply a thermic energy model for a reptile species, timon lepidus, in order to le summarizing the variables related to temperature and to evaluate its tranferibility to perfo valuate its tranferibility to perform a habitat quality assessment for reptiles. 6. with the co from the previous objective, to produce distribution models of vertebrates in the iberian penin s in the iberian peninsula in different climate change and land-use change scenarios, reasonabl ninsula in different climate change and land-use change scenarios, reasonably transferible to s |
13574 | 8 | ve focused on the spatial properties of habitat fragments within the modern agricultural landsc
ties of species and temporal changes in habitat connectivity. we have assembled a gis database species and temporal changes in habitat connectivity. we have assembled a gis database containi bitat connectivity. we have assembled a gis database containing detailed information on local l mation on local landscape structure and land-use change over the last three centuries. we will roaches to the description of grassland connectivity. we will assess the extent to which differ ll assess the extent to which different connectivity descriptors, applied to modern and histori tive importance of past/present spatial connectivity and dispersal characteristics as predictor |
6957 | 2 | a basis for creating hypotheses on the function of the studied male song characters in species
ge, mating history on female preference function properties will be examined. in a fourth study |
11765 | 22 | climate change has the potential to cause massive disru
e responses of species, communities and ecosystems to climate change are among the greatest cha species, communities and ecosystems to climate change are among the greatest challenges facing s today. recent research has identified climate-induced shifts in the distribution and abundanc dentified climate-induced shifts in the distribution and abundance of a variety of taxa, but ha -induced shifts in the distribution and abundance of a variety of taxa, but has focused on indi alter, with implications for associated ecosystem functions. furthermore, previous research has es at species cool range margins, where climate warming is likely to allow increases in abundan ecies cool range margins, where climate warming is likely to allow increases in abundance and d warming is likely to allow increases in abundance and distribution. i will investigate the effe ely to allow increases in abundance and distribution. i will investigate the effects of climate tion. i will investigate the effects of climate change on communities of dung beetles, a guild role in nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. i will evaluate changes in species distribu anges in species distributions, species richness and functional group composition as a result o ies distributions, species richness and functional group composition as a result of recent clim group composition as a result of recent climate change, using data from four well-documented du urope. the contributions of dung beetle abundance, species richness and different inter-specifi tions of dung beetle abundance, species richness and different inter-specific combinations to e ifferent inter-specific combinations to ecosystem function will be measured experimentally. thi e opportunity to evaluate the effect of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems as a function effect of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems as a function of changes in the structure of e change on terrestrial ecosystems as a function of changes in the structure of communities. |
10808 | 2 | ly complex ecological networks, such as food webs. usually studies are focussed on either speci
often studies examining the effects of environmental change on biodiversity consider only indi |
14516 | 1 | of their biology and their capacity of development in other hosts and man.
|
15456 | 4 | the biodiversity observed in nature responds to a complex and long-term evolutionary
r, cellular and organismal levels. such complexity is constrained by the correct configuration, se access is regulated by the chromatin metabolism , focused towards the evaluation of the effe omatin metabolism , focused towards the evaluation of the effects of okadaic acid on the respon |
11380 | 12 | rovide the foundation on which to build seasonality into life history theory and subsequently i
tion on which to build seasonality into life history theory and subsequently influence applied ence applied research on the effects of climate change. combining life history theory with the he effects of climate change. combining life history theory with the physiology of growth and d e history theory with the physiology of growth and differentiation i will investigate the conse e constraints. i have focused on immune function and condition because these physiological trai d condition because these physiological traits are intimately linked to fitness and are affecte y linked to fitness and are affected by species interactions. the project will examine the mech ject will examine the mechanisms of the growth/differentiation trade-off using lestes sponsa, a -off using lestes sponsa, a field-based model system. experimental manipulations of time constr nipulations of time constraints on this model in the laboratory will be combined with studying e combined with studying the effects of predators, parasites and prey on investment in immunity |
2503 | 1 | pean lobsters have declined steadily in abundance over the past 30-50 years, and several restri
|
11181 | 5 | the project will explore the function of prolonged copulatory stimulation by male ma
y stimulation functions to reduce sperm competition risk will be tested against the idea that i ate on the relative importance of sperm competition and cryptic female choice in sexual selecti copulatory stimulation in relation to i dominance status and ii local risk of sperm competition nance status and ii local risk of sperm competition, according to these predictions. |
14630 | 1 | last 10-5,3 m.y.a. on the spermatophyte evolution and diversification is tested. five taxonomic
|
13351 | 2 | spiral aims to enhance the connectivity between biodiversity research and policy m
diversity are fundamental requisites of human well-being, the biodiversity issue raises unprece |
12567 | 2 | fy their potential impact on freshwater ecosystems and to advise policy customers on the implic
ources of pollutants within the aquatic ecosystem. |
6721 | 4 | trian pine plantations/ of the dolomite vegetation in central hungary, with special attention t
ttention to the regeneration processes. stability of the rock grasslands will be studied by usi ly contrasting stands. since a creeping colonization of the understorey of the pine stands by f s detection, while for long term effect evaluation space for time substitution is planned. |
6914 | 12 | tar stock can be exhausted. what is the density dependent evolutionarily stable food preference
present different risks for the non-top predators let us consider a one predator-two prey syste non-top predators let us consider a one predator-two prey system. assume that the risk of preda wo prey system. assume that the risk of predation is high in the habitat where food is abundant at the risk of predation is high in the habitat where food is abundant, while in the safe habit ere food is abundant, while in the safe habitat the food is scarce. the question is: what are t on is: what are the evolutionary stable habitat choices elaborate an evolutionary-ecological mo es elaborate an evolutionary-ecological model describing the speciation in terms of the dynamic on in terms of the dynamic evolutionary stability concept introduced by us, which is able to de le to deal with evolving non-continuous traits and establishes a connection between the theory t-up of such a complex game-theoretical model concerning social animals, in which the reproduct oduction strategies, the defense of the habitat and the hunting territory of the group against |
15266 | 15 | in the mediterranean region, precipitation is the most significant climate factor im
, precipitation is the most significant climate factor impacting ecosystems and limiting crop y st significant climate factor impacting ecosystems and limiting crop yields, and the combined e d effect of current aridity with future climate change is expected to particularly threaten for xpected to particularly threaten forest ecosystems and rainfed crops in this area. in this cont future responses to a rapidly changing environment. in particular, one key to understand long- understand long-term plant responses to climate changes in the mediterranean is to characterize nean is to characterize past changes in precipitation and its distribution and their effect on e past changes in precipitation and its distribution and their effect on rainfed cultivated pla lants and forest trees. although global climate trends during the holocene are well described, , there is a lack of information on its spatial variability. the widespread presence of archaeo this proposal aims to expand the use of stable isotopes from archaeobotanical remains as palaeo r understand fractionation processes of carbon and nitrogen isotopes and to explore the use of d fractionation processes of carbon and nitrogen isotopes and to explore the use of other non-t xplore the use of other non-traditional stable isotopes the water and nutrient status and yield |
15265 | 12 | in the mediterranean region, precipitation is the most significant climate factor im
, precipitation is the most significant climate factor impacting ecosystems, and the combined e st significant climate factor impacting ecosystems, and the combined effect of current aridity d effect of current aridity with future climate change is expected to particularly threaten for xpected to particularly threaten forest ecosystems in this area. in this context, studying plan future responses to a rapidly changing environment. in particular, one key to understand long- understand long-term plant responses to climate changes in the mediterranean is to characterize nean is to characterize past changes in precipitation and its distribution and their effect on e past changes in precipitation and its distribution and their effect on forest trees. although effect on forest trees. although global climate trends during the holocene are well described, , there is a lack of information on its spatial variability. the widespread presence of archaeo ad presence of archaeobotanical remains climate for the iberian peninsula during the last 8,000 |
12349 | 2 | objectives the study aims are to: ·review and evaluate the ability of currently applied or
r area with high natural variability in sediment and biological conditions. ·develop guidance f |
11778 | 11 | describing changes in the natural environment is essential, but in addition the challenge
nmental effects . in 2001, the european environment agency reported on how much or how little w measures and their actual impact in the environment and observed that much of the information g according to the risks involved and the scale of outcomes to be achieved. environment agencies d the scale of outcomes to be achieved. environment agencies and other ngo s regularly publish er ngo s regularly publish state of the environment reports which by their nature allow investi the environment reports which by their nature allow investigation of change in the environment re allow investigation of change in the environment over time. scientific and public debates on interpretations drawn from statistical modelling explicitly accounting for variation and uncer nd uncertainty. many factors, including climate change, interact to produce a complex environme the skills necessary to ensure that our environment receives the best possible management for f |
11210 | 1 | eral modern statistical methods,spatial modelling with time and dealing with environmental proc
|
14576 | 4 | s of change in biodiversity at a global scale. in this project we focus on one invasive ant spe
lish the actual status of argentine ant distribution in iberian peninsula using human transport ead dynamics will be considered: medium scale on gavarras massif and the expansion range of inv h land uses, wild fires and considering climate change scenarios will be estimated and modelled |
7317 | 10 | uropean biodiversity, and provide vital ecosystem services to crops and wild plants. there is g
lying upon them. step will document the nature and extent of these declines, examine functional e and extent of these declines, examine functional traits associated with particular risk, deve ntial drivers of such change, including climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, agriche such change, including climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, agrichemicals, pathogen effects on wild plant populations, crop production and human nutrition. step will review existi oduction and human nutrition. step will review existing and potential mitigation options, provi step will review existing and potential mitigation options, providing novel tests of their effe ards improving our understanding of the nature, causes, consequences and potential mitigation o ure, causes, consequences and potential mitigation of declines in pollinator services at local, |
13352 | 10 | uropean biodiversity, and provide vital ecosystem services to crops and wild plants. there is g
lying upon them. step will document the nature and extent of these declines, examine functional e and extent of these declines, examine functional traits associated with particular risk, deve ntial drivers of such change, including climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, agriche such change, including climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, agrichemicals, pathogen effects on wild plant populations, crop production and human nutrition. step will review existi oduction and human nutrition. step will review existing and potential mitigation options, provi step will review existing and potential mitigation options, providing novel tests of their effe ards improving our understanding of the nature, causes, consequences and potential mitigation o ure, causes, consequences and potential mitigation of declines in pollinator services at local, |
15070 | 2 | ve important consequences for offspring development, both in morphology and behaviour. furtherm
hological, behavioural and life-history traits. |
2127 | 1 | rs, living with- or without piscivorous predators, due to the glaciostatic uplift and its phylo
|
11538 | 12 | appreciating how the numbers and distribution of a species change is of fundamental impo
ations can occur at a local, very small scale or at larger scales such as regions. it remains u tors , we will make landscapes in which predators and prey are allowed to move and interact. we ifferent environments or changes in the environment are for ecological interactions. for exampl ical interactions. for example, how are predator-prey interactions affected by different enviro ferent environments what happens to the distribution and numbers of a species if these environm al, environmental processes couple with spatial scale affect species interactions is the second cesses couple with spatial scale affect species interactions is the second aim of our work. con r work. conducting a study on different species interactions at different scales in unpredictab by coupling this work with mathematical modelling, we will gain important insights into a broad ocesses that affect the persistence and abundance of biodiversity. our curiosity-driven project understanding fundamental processes in ecosystems that affect the preservation of biodiversity |
2098 | 3 | resent project is to develop stochastic community models and statistical tools to estimate the
s and statistical tools to estimate the model parameters. such models will be of great practica practical use for detecting changes in community composition e.g. due anthropogenic influences |
7244 | 4 | coming and outgoing flows and determine carbon sequestration in the soil c. the project overall
is to study the role of the quality of organic matter, microbial diversity and predation on mi organic matter, microbial diversity and predation on microorganisms on the storage of organic m ion on microorganisms on the storage of organic matter in soils, and in situ experiments. three |
12357 | 3 | mmary objective as part of the food and environment protection act 1985 , nine offshore wind fa
oject aims to collate and strategically review these reports before comparing its findings agai e wind farms in preparation for further development. the project will also be an update to the |
15368 | 1 | luents. our proposal could be used as a model for the validation of protocols in any species fo
|
11090 | 10 | diatoms are key organisms in coastal food webs and in the intertidal region, also play a key
d for photosynthesis. this excess light energy has the potential to cause damage and, ultimatel echanisms that diatoms use to dissipate energy include changes to their light harvesting system es to their light harvesting systems so energy is lost as heat. however, in some situations, th fficient to deal with all of the excess energy and under these circumstances it is possible for rcumstances it is possible for reactive oxygen species to be produced. if allowed to accumulate ent of ros accumulation in diatoms, the efficiency of their antioxidant and scavenging systems, he amount of damage ros inflict and the efficiency with which that damage is repaired. the prop eas of uncertainty by investigating the production of ros in response to irradiance stress, cou uction of ros in response to irradiance stress, coupled with measurements of the rate of photos |
14750 | 1 | es for solitary wasps ; the form of the density-dependent parasitism referring to the two hosts
|
12250 | 17 | ies to exploit risk assessment, genetic resistance and natural defences against crop pathogens,
nagement affects the use of resources – energy, water and disease resistance genes – that have f resources – energy, water and disease resistance genes – that have wide implications from the anopy. in return, interception of light energy and carbon capture by green tissues creates dry eturn, interception of light energy and carbon capture by green tissues creates dry matter from dry matter from photosynthesis with an energy value as food or fuel. diseases affect the green onsidering the effect of disease on the efficiency of use of each resource: water: approximatel ave long been known to reduce water use efficiency; work in the 1930s showed that oat crown rus that certain important types of disease resistance to pathogen infection impact on water use by act on water use by disrupting stomatal function. there is a need to devise methods to minimise mise water wastage due to pathogens and resistance mechanisms. energy: the balance between ener to pathogens and resistance mechanisms. energy: the balance between energy inputs to crops and mechanisms. energy: the balance between energy inputs to crops and the resulting energy outputs nergy inputs to crops and the resulting energy outputs is becoming more important as concern ab specific benefits to consumers and the environment will be through producing fuel and wholesom fungicides, whilst increasing water use efficiency, minimising ghg emissions and reducing loss ssions and reducing loss of efficacy of resistance genes. |
10803 | 7 | shwaters with a history of annual bloom production. the proposal builds on existing modelling w
uction. the proposal builds on existing modelling work to develop a hazard assessment tool to i bodies that may pose a hazard from the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially to yanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially toxic cyanobacteria produ ange on potentially toxic cyanobacteria production in lakes. a critical question relates to und ronmental factors leading to cyanotoxin production and this is addressed within the proposal. t |
11241 | 7 | shwaters with a history of annual bloom production. the proposal builds on existing modelling w
uction. the proposal builds on existing modelling work to develop a hazard assessment tool to i bodies that may pose a hazard from the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially to yanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially toxic cyanobacteria produ ange on potentially toxic cyanobacteria production in lakes. a critical question relates to und ronmental factors leading to cyanotoxin production and this is addressed within the proposal. t |
11768 | 7 | shwaters with a history of annual bloom production. the proposal builds on existing modelling w
uction. the proposal builds on existing modelling work to develop a hazard assessment tool to i bodies that may pose a hazard from the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially to yanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially toxic cyanobacteria produ ange on potentially toxic cyanobacteria production in lakes. a critical question relates to und ronmental factors leading to cyanotoxin production and this is addressed within the proposal. t |
11851 | 7 | shwaters with a history of annual bloom production. the proposal builds on existing modelling w
uction. the proposal builds on existing modelling work to develop a hazard assessment tool to i bodies that may pose a hazard from the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially to yanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially toxic cyanobacteria produ ange on potentially toxic cyanobacteria production in lakes. a critical question relates to und ronmental factors leading to cyanotoxin production and this is addressed within the proposal. t |
11783 | 7 | shwaters with a history of annual bloom production. the proposal builds on existing modelling w
uction. the proposal builds on existing modelling work to develop a hazard assessment tool to i bodies that may pose a hazard from the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence the production toxic cyanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially to yanobacteria and model the influence of climate change on potentially toxic cyanobacteria produ ange on potentially toxic cyanobacteria production in lakes. a critical question relates to und ronmental factors leading to cyanotoxin production and this is addressed within the proposal. t |
11641 | 1 | reducing losses of phosphorus and sediments from agricultural land to wate
|
11550 | 15 | climate change is now recognised as one of the major gl
the major global threats facing natural ecosystems. freshwaters are likely to be particularly v amenable areas as temperatures rise and habitat fragmentation intensifies. those that are unabl ally severe consequences for individual metabolism. this, in turn, can induce emergent effects ls of organisation - including altering ecosystem process rates and food web structure. unfortu ng altering ecosystem process rates and food web structure. unfortunately, few empirical data e ortunately, few empirical data exist on climate change effects on freshwater communities and fe mmunities and fewer still have measured ecosystem-level responses. most current data are infere nt data are inferential, based on large-scale temporal and/or spatial surveys across thermal gr trials, especially because artificially warming natural ecosystems is extremely expensive and l ly because artificially warming natural ecosystems is extremely expensive and logistically chal therefore be able to characterise both food web architecture through the food web, as these ar both food web architecture through the food web, as these are likely to be disrupted in therma ly to be disrupted in thermally-altered ecosystems. the same techniques used in iceland will be trolled conditions, including measuring microbial activity in c-t rooms. |
15253 | 5 | ental issue, particularly in freshwater ecosystems, where their abundance and ecological and ec
y in freshwater ecosystems, where their abundance and ecological and economical impacts are for n affect the invasibility of freshwater ecosystems by exotic species. we aim to quantify how mu arce. finally, we will build predictive distribution models for the mosquitofish at the iberian els for the mosquitofish at the iberian scale. beyond its fundamental interest, our results wil |
7023 | 15 | ecosystems are threatened and transformed at unpreceden
versity loss for the services and goods ecosystems provide to humans, such as food production, systems provide to humans, such as food production, the maintenance of water quality and soil f ce of water quality and soil fertility, carbon storage, the mitigation of the effects of greenh and soil fertility, carbon storage, the mitigation of the effects of greenhouse gas emissions a cts of greenhouse gas emissions and the resistance to climate and other environmental changes. use gas emissions and the resistance to climate and other environmental changes. understanding interact to determine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across scales is therefore a majo significance of microbial diversity on ecosystem functioning by explicit coupling of microbial licit coupling of microbial ecology and community structure to biogeochemistry. despite conside ional role of microbial biodiversity in ecosystems. micdif entails intensive theoretical work i geochemistry, and advanced mathematical modelling. rather than studying terrestrial and aquatic r than studying terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in isolation, we also focus on the functiona he functional interactions across these ecosystems. this cross-system approach requires profoun ernationally competitive biodiversity - ecosystem function research in austria. |
11478 | 14 | parasites are a dominant force in nature. perhaps as many as half of all species have a p
ty of genotypes that will vary in their resistance to parasites. parasite infections commonly c dels therefore predict that within-host competition between parasite strains results in an infe strains in fact win during within-host competition or that the outcome is dependent on the hos ndent on the host genotype in which the competition takes place. this project will investigate on parasite virulence, transmission and evolution, in honeybees and their fungal parasite, chal chalkbrood. honeybees are an excellent model host because, unusually for a social insect, thei he identification of genetic effects on resistance straightforward to identify and has been sug gested to have evolved to improve their resistance to disease. the chalkbrood parasite is also halkbrood parasite is also an excellent model because it produces a single batch of characteris finally it will carry out experimental evolution to establish how host and parasite genetic di parasite genetic diversity impacts the evolution of the chalkbrood parasite. recent epidemics, significantly reduce their fitness and productivity. honeybees are estimated to pollinate crop stainably is important for both natural ecosystems and agriculture in the uk. the threat of dis |
10897 | 17 | lihood upon the services from different ecosystems but are below the poverty line and are chara
taken without acknowledging the people-ecosystem linkages. this creates situations where the c where the condition and the ability of ecosystems to deliver those services are affected adver iently broad and strong to suggest that ecosystem service delivery in the region is changing an to internalise the concerns of changing ecosystems and its implications for poverty alleviation ty of credible scientific evidence like millennium ecosystem assessment have made decision-make e decision-makers receptive to the role ecosystem services in improving the material condition hed management, national action plan on climate change and desertification, assessment of waste mechanisms through which the aspects of ecosystem can be made integral part of mainstream plann society might impact the functioning of ecosystem is not adequate. one of the significant gaps capture the benefits people derive from ecosystems. since the prevailing market does not accoun tool chooses to ignore the benefits of ecosystem services and the costs of ecosystem degradati of ecosystem services and the costs of ecosystem degradation. people depend on those services us on two components: 1. methodological development to support policy design; and 2. building c cision-making process, facilitating the development of these methods within the region and the these methods within the region and the development of toolkits , such as a toolkit for the val awareness amongst the regional research community and developing networks for future collaborat |
11847 | 3 | sed by the local governments, water and environment mangers, various stakeholders, internationa
alleviation through improving catchment ecosystem services. the resulting datasets will be used iation through improvement of catchment ecosystem services in both china and sa through press r |
13846 | 2 | for deliberate release into the natural environment as juveniles to clarify the effect of sea-r
effect of sea-ranching on the frequency distribution of different coping styles in brown trout. |
14611 | 2 | three different aspects of the cellular stress response to several environmental pollutants on
several environmental pollutants on the stress response to environmental pollutans, and, likewi |
15144 | 7 | group represents an excellent mammalian model for investigations on sex chromosome evolution an
el for investigations on sex chromosome evolution and structural and functional analyses of het the origin, composition, organization, evolution and function of heterochromatin components in omposition, organization, evolution and function of heterochromatin components in arvicolids sp t consider before in these species. the function of the constitutive heterochromatin and the in romatin are transcribed and, if so, the nature of the transcripts will be characterized and the by functional analysis. concerning the evolution of sex chromosomes in these species, we will |
15059 | 4 | ole in allowing plant cells to tolerate stress is unknown. to gain information on those topics
chniques will be used. modifications on growth kinetics, culture and cell morphology, will be m ving herbicide detoxification and/or re-distribution, increases in enzymatic activities against enzymatic activities against oxidative stress and changes in programmed cell death induction. |
7121 | 8 | ical values ; * propose use of simple indicators describing the characteristics of natural gr
eristics of natural grassland and their evolution in order to reason with the management of the d the following five themes: 1. role of spatial heterogeneity in herbivorous / 2 vegetation int patial heterogeneity in herbivorous / 2 vegetation interactions. spatio-temporal vegetation dyn egetation interactions. spatio-temporal vegetation dynamics based on three driving modes. struc ntegration phenomena patch to landscape modeling 5. development of management support of indica henomena patch to landscape modeling 5. development of management support of indicators to meas 5. development of management support of indicators to measure and manage the multi-functionalit |
2488 | 1 | pecies. current dogma suggests that the evolution of these species which has occurred in - host
|
10767 | 2 | basalts, to estimate precise ages. the complexity of the study requires collaboration across d
m / and hence its relationship to earth evolution as a whole. |
10613 | 2 | nitrate reduction along a no3- gradient in the colne es
al new information about the structure, function and activity in these ecologically important c |
14207 | 8 | nd weeds, and thus greatly improve food production. however, intensive use of common pesticides
mination to aqueous systems , including nitrogen cycling in terrestrial and aquatic environment vironments. studies linking macrophytes community composition and bacterial community compositi tes community composition and bacterial community composition are scarce. in addition, we are i th direct and indirect on the bacterial community structure and function. the knowledge obtaine n the bacterial community structure and function. the knowledge obtained could be applied when onstructing wetlands to enhance wetland function. the real-pcr analysis and the pyrosequenation esticide-influenced constructed wetland ecosystems. |
9956 | 5 | understand this in terms of safety and efficiency of water transport the size of pores in pit
while the membrane is under mechanical stress due to stretching and deflection. 3. how can we and deflection. 3. how can we link the distribution and structure of pit membranes with the co ers for relating anatomical data to pit function. in addition, visualisation of water distribut on. in addition, visualisation of water distribution in living trees at the cellular level will |
10799 | 5 | reakdown pollutants, and to recycle the nutrients that are essential for maintaining natural ec
t are essential for maintaining natural ecosystems. despite their importance, we are only begin the most complex and dynamic biological ecosystem, so experiments remain in their infancy. the alters the final state of the bacterial community. this is done by explicitly manipulating colo s created also differ in their level of ecosystem functioning. the results of such an experimen |
14761 | 4 | e propose to investigate the structure, evolution, and function of visual signals in several sp
vestigate the structure, evolution, and function of visual signals in several species of lizard ic to conduct a study of the structure, evolution, and communicative function of foot-shakes. t structure, evolution, and communicative function of foot-shakes. these objectives will involve |
14915 | 2 | eneralism/especialization found in each community. finally, we will assess whether invasive pla
at will allow them to take decisions on nature management based on solid and complete scientifi |
14610 | 2 | recent studies have applied food web methodology to the study of plant-pollinator i
orbidden interactions and pollen-nectar production. we expect this relationship to explain a su |
15054 | 1 | the elimination of nitrogen and phosphorous compounds from wastewater is a
|
10318 | 2 | netics respond to ongoing anthropogenic environmental change. for example, extreme weather even
ed to become more common in the face of climate change. if my research shows that such variatio |
15124 | 4 | oncerning their role in the ecology and evolution of pollination systems. generalization has be
lants showing different values of those traits would share similar subgroups of pollinators. th nce of the spatial structure, the micro-environment and the genotype/phenotype in shaping the g work analytical approach widely used in community ecology to understand the ecological and gene |
7372 | 3 | pean rapeseed collection to improve the energy balance of culture: using agronomic data related
re: using agronomic data related to the development of performance limiting conditions of nitro t of performance limiting conditions of nitrogen |
15317 | 6 | bfamily barbuloideae by the most recent classification of the family, comprises leptodontium, w
mic characters of all genera, drawings, habitat, nomenclature, typifications, dichotomicous key chotomicous keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the te keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the territory stud nowledge of the taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, and habitat of the family pottiaceae in s xonomy, nomenclature, distribution, and habitat of the family pottiaceae in south america. |
12628 | 4 | ponents: 1. to develop a cost curve for mitigation of soil compaction on agricultural land the
cture of materials, to examine how bulk density of mineral soils varies with depth, and the imp ntify a protocol to determine soil bulk density which is efficient and adequate for our purpose ble levels of error in our estimates of soil carbon stock. as a result we will have confidence |
12635 | 15 | the evidence base for defra relating to soil carbon, soil management, urban soils and soil resi
oils and soil resilience in relation to climate change. the relationships between soil pollutan will also be reviewed, and soil quality indicators pertinent to policy reporting cycles discuss otential of technologies for increasing carbon storage in soil to mitigate climate change. obje sing carbon storage in soil to mitigate climate change. objective b: to determine the relations ctice for managing soils to protect the environment with that for increased productivity. objec the environment with that for increased productivity. objective c: to review and make an initia increased productivity. objective c: to review and make an initial assessment of the impacts of an initial assessment of the impacts of climate change on soils in the urban environment, addre of climate change on soils in the urban environment, addressing the potential impact to the eco addressing the potential impact to the ecosystem goods and services which they provide. object ces which they provide. objective d: to review the evidence of what makes some soils more resil be conferred to soils. objective e: to review the literature on the concentrations of pollutan discuss the setting of outcome focused indicators of soil quality that can be reported on with mmunication within and between teams. a review/discussion paper will be produced for each sub-p |
14678 | 2 | movements at both the seasonal, medium-scale and daily temporal scales inside and outside the
and depth movements on a short temporal scale. site fidelity of both species will be analysed a |
7512 | 2 | the production of seed oysters hollow hatchery spat collect
ments will be conducted in a controlled environment. the study of diversity will be based on mi |
7541 | 3 | olerance to dehydration and slowing the growth of organs usually determine the success of these
ermine the success of these methods. in model plants, key genes involved in the regulation of t expressed in response to environmental stress or during embryogenesis. the objective of this p |
7528 | 1 | rmance will be measured in a controlled environment or farm. molecular typing will be made to c
|
7628 | 7 | etic structures heavily involved in the evolution of bacteria, allowing them to meet many stres
o pollution, suggesting quune bacterial community can respond specifically to particular pollut the quality of water that envisages the development of biomarkers and / or biosensors based on but many other substances pollute these ecosystems: pesticides, metals, hydrocarbons but also m ing a broad spectrum of molecules. team environment and microbiology iprem is interested for se ly involved in the spread of antibiotic resistance at the root of many health problems. . integ ollution, suggesting that the bacterial community can respond by spreading through the populati |
7505 | 2 | on because it proves to be a formidable predator of mussels and a source of damage difficult to
ve the same eating patterns and similar migration. we seek to characterize the so-called harmfu |
14626 | 5 | hod represents a problem for people and environment; moreover, as a result of the biocide direc
e biocide directive 98/8/ec of european community, many products will be banned in a nearby fut ch less toxic substances for humans and environment; in addition, the full termite colony elimi for new substances classified as insect growth regulators . - we will test the possible synergi ermites quickly; as a result, the urban environment and human health will be benefit. |
7241 | 1 | less favorable to the issuance of n2o * mapping n2o emissions across the seine basin
|
15210 | 8 | llular concentration. most of the metal resistance mechanisms described have been discovered th
genes and mechanisms involved in metal resistance using culture independent techniques which a el genes and operons involved in nickel resistance by functional analysis of metagenomic librar nts from the tinto river , in which the abundance and diversity of archaea is high. another asp , using microbial genes confering metal resistance, identified from the analysis of the metagen r previous work. we are now studying ni resistance of transgenic plants expressing genes from t he diversity of genes involved in metal resistance using culture independent tecniques, to retr o to identify novel mechanisms of metal resistance. |
7404 | 1 | to be time difference and differential behavior vis-a-vis the metal, and within the species. h
|
15095 | 3 | erranean and the plant species in their environment as gathered wild foods. in the plant specie
ild foods. in the plant species a clear indicator of coevolutionary processes is the gradual do usive dependence of others as source of nutrients and to compare them with those already analys |
12501 | 4 | o surprise that there is a link between development of green space and attempts by local reside
ing them as under used areas in need of development. this research is an important step in assi ne whether the sites were earmarked for development in local development plans or subject to pl were earmarked for development in local development plans or subject to planning applications. |
14530 | 1 | ours scholarships to observe the daily evolution of the animals movement. . this design will i
|
14671 | 5 | succession of entomosarcosaprophagous fauna in animal c
determining the length of the different decomposition stages in each season and environment, de decomposition stages in each season and environment, determining every stages associated fauna, tative species of every stage. once the community dynamics under different environmental assump . this comparison will allow a reliably evaluation of the entomological evidence from corpses f |
15097 | 3 | he previous project tempura and through temperature and rh dataloggers established by subprojec
and populations to changes in acoustic environment will be established with playback tests in peninsula that considers the acoustical environment as a selective pressure for anurans. |
15336 | 7 | he fish populations inhabiting deep sea ecosystems and their dependence on the particular chara
the particular characteristics of their habitat. this study attempts to deal with a topic of gr portance, that of knowing the degree of connectivity and dependence among these ecosystems in o connectivity and dependence among these ecosystems in order to be able to define a coherent net empts to determine the role of deep sea ecosystems as essential habitats trophic ecology studie s trophic ecology studies to know their habitat dependence. the combination of these techniques es, but also provide information on the migration of species in this type of habitats, on which |
14838 | 4 | an increase of mortality was observed in the chamois of the pyrenees i
bed in different areas of the pyrenees. mortality was extraordinary high that share the habitat y was extraordinary high that share the habitat with chamois in the affected areas. 4. experime he experimental infection in sheep as a model, in case of succeed, will fulfil the main criteri |
15034 | 6 | to multiply in some points of the water distribution system becoming an environmental risk. alt
quatic micoorganisms do. moreover, this resistance increases when the bacteria is found as an e n endosymbiont of protozoa, which share habitat. there are studies about the susceptibility of fectants, especially to chlorine and to temperature, that are the most commonly used in our wat rotozoa strains isolated from the water distribution system in front the most common disinfecta disinfectants in the waters, chlorine, temperature and uv will be studied. the susceptibility |
15374 | 1 | s resulted in a progressive increase of nitrogen forms that can easily be easily assimilated by
|
14917 | 7 | ct is to evaluate the impact of drought stress in the life cycle of the desert truffle terfezia
d the mycorrhizal system, under drought stress; the evaluation of the participation of genes en hizal system, under drought stress; the evaluation of the participation of genes encoding aquap r drought stress; the evaluation of the participation of genes encoding aquaporins from the fun relation of this answer with the plant growth and nutrition, the fungal sclerotia formation or the fungal sclerotia formation or other resistance structures, and the truffle formation of t. l and mycorrhizal levels, under drought stress conditions, which can affect its field survival. |
7504 | 1 | the goal is to follow the evolution of a population of triticale in various envir
|
14884 | 6 | udy of the factors implied in virulence evolution in wild populations is of high importance, es
, especially if we want to intervene in nature and under the actual scenario of emergent diseas ases. among the main factors implied in evolution of virulence we can include the competence be al populations of birds maintain a high abundance and diversity of infections by blood parasite and therefore, they represent an ideal model for the study of how those mechanisms affect the tudy of how those mechanisms affect the evolution of virulence. the use of molecular methods fo |
7521 | 1 | ses are not without consequences on the evolution of the genetic structure of the species invol
|
15076 | 4 | ces for acorns provide a diet richer in nutrients, which can benefit them in different aspects
d reserves, higher antifreeze compounds production and higher reproductive potential. based on well as their relation with the beetle metabolism. a fat body increase would be related to hig and laboratory study on the population density of this species under different stocking rates |
14584 | 5 | ve chosen the lithophyllum stictaeforme community, one of the most important in the building of
he coralligen. the knowledge about this community is poor. it is a very fragile community mainl community is poor. it is a very fragile community mainly consisting of slowly growing calcareou study of the lithophyllum stictaeforme community in the northeastern coast of the iberian peni in damaged zones and its possibility of colonization of artificial submarine reefs. |
15246 | 2 | f the previous three pn projects in the environment in where s. ruber thrives, and in its front
e s. ruber thrives, and in its frontier-ecosystems as a possible pool of transferable dna. |
15149 | 3 | of the relationship between taphonomic environment of the archaeological sites and the molecul
e of preservation of nucleic acids as a function of their environment. this methodology will sa of nucleic acids as a function of their environment. this methodology will save many resources |
15377 | 4 | rsal patterns of this fauna in this new habitat. the sampling areas will be selected based on e
ps between populations and to study the connectivity of the mss network. the combined team work t. its intention is to explore a virgin habitat that of which there is escarce knowledge of its ructure of its communities, the species richness patterns and the distributions of the species. |
15239 | 3 | ura are in precarious state, due to low ph and soil development, under exteme temperature and d
recarious state, due to low ph and soil development, under exteme temperature and drought. for w ph and soil development, under exteme temperature and drought. for this purpose, measurements |
14806 | 4 | the nature of the neolithic diffusion from the near east to
esis, the adoption of the new neolithic production methods allowed a large demographic increase s from the near east. this favoured the migration of human populations towards western europe, and makes possible to test in situ the nature of the spread during the neolithic period in eur |
15052 | 1 | logenetic history, on the other, on the development of different vital strategies during the eg
|
14908 | 6 | bfamily barbuloideae by the most recent classification of the family, are constituted by 14 gen
mic characters of all genera, drawings, habitat, nomenclature, typifications, dichotomicous key chotomicous keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the te keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the territory stud nowledge of the taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, and habitat of the family pottiaceae in s xonomy, nomenclature, distribution, and habitat of the family pottiaceae in south america. |
14144 | 1 | udy on fish assemblages and the fishing efficiency of gear in small estonian lakes
|
14495 | 2 | using entomophagous wasps together with heterogeneity of the landscape, the beta and gamma dive
conservation and plans for managing the habitat with respect to continental pine stands on sand |
13486 | 11 | temporary ecology. the first relates to productivity and environmental variation driving biodiv
ity as the independent variable driving productivity patterns. despite numerous experiments and ty as both the cause and consequence of productivity at the same time. using new theory togethe l study the chicken vs. egg question of productivity and biodiversity. a theoretical model that ctivity and biodiversity. a theoretical model that is currently being developed by bradley card t biodiversity can respond to and drive productivity only if regional exclusion of species is p s is prevented by e.g. a factor such as spatial heterogeneity. the results have the potential t sms structuring species assemblages and ecosystem functioning in nature. this is important beca ssemblages and ecosystem functioning in nature. this is important because ecosystems and their ng in nature. this is important because ecosystems and their biota provide us with vital goods same biota is often altered by changing productivity levels, e.g. due to eutrophication and cha |
6936 | 5 | experiments show, that the genetics of scale formation of carp can not be described by the for
t be described by the formerly accepted model. recently harris and his colleagues were successf s mutant is linked to a partial loss of function of a developmentally important gene, fibroblas elopmentally important gene, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene. finally we will set up a or 1 gene. finally we will set up a new model describing the scalation pattern in common carp a |
197 | 6 | the distribution of phytoplankton in water bodies where den
ay play an important role in the marine ecosystems. subsurface maxima are often dominated by po the role of these layers in the pelagic ecosystem. the results allow to understand better the f stand better the functioning of pelagic ecosystem of the gulf and to give an answer whether and into account when assessing the state, modeling the ecosystem and forecasting harmful algal bl when assessing the state, modeling the ecosystem and forecasting harmful algal blooms. |
15031 | 2 | he existence of dilution effects due to growth, and therefore the final aim of the study would
moss species under study as a result of growth of the plants. |
7431 | 6 | adaptation and diversity in the marine environment"for his expertise on algae and ifremer, par
as -de-calais region 2. develop and use indicators anthropogenic, hydro- climatic and hydromete egion not 4. make projections about the evolution of marine biodiversity in north -calais regio th -calais region not in the context of climate change. this project will establish rapid diagn on of an atlas of observed and expected global change scenarios showing the evolution of exploi ted global change scenarios showing the evolution of exploitable and invasive species, informat |
14368 | 10 | ecosystems in east-africa have been changing significan
ging significantly in the last decades. population dynamics, climate change and market forces h the last decades. population dynamics, climate change and market forces have led to overexploi . counteracting further impact to these ecosystems is particularly important in order to decrea sult, there is an increased demand from ecosystem managers, both government agencies and enviro on the condition and the changes of the vegetation. frequently updated vegetation indicators de s of the vegetation. frequently updated vegetation indicators derived from satellite images all getation. frequently updated vegetation indicators derived from satellite images allow to monit m satellite images allow to monitor the vegetation status and understand the dynamics over time magery will be provided to the end-user community by drsrs. the most important realization of e |
14151 | 1 | al type of artificial spawning grounds, mapping of spawning areas
|
12546 | 1 | ant health policy and operations are: a development of management approaches exist, or are unde
|
2460 | 2 | out the north sea, but the geographical distribution is very patchy as they are restricted to s
ethodology to monitor the state and the recruitment to the stock,by combing modern multifrequen |
6794 | 7 | communities and the registering of the distribution threatened arable plants. the vegetation s
tribution threatened arable plants. the vegetation survey will be made between 2002 and 2005 wi of august and the end of september. the evaluation of the relevés – with the end of field works axonomy as well. to support of dividing vegetation-units, will be created soil ph examinations vegetation-units, will be created soil ph examinations too. the distribution of vegetation-uni e created soil ph examinations too. the distribution of vegetation-units and the rare and endan h examinations too. the distribution of vegetation-units and the rare and endangered weeds will |
2147 | 4 | land and the kola peninsula of archived scale collections. we also propose to examine marine di
ions. we also propose to examine marine distribution patterns and ocean forage areas by the com c parameters associated with the marine environment to better understand and explain fluctuatio ain fluctuations in salmon survival and abundance of these northern rivers. |
10271 | 1 | al role of parasites in regulating host population dynamics were developed thirty years ago .
|
10936 | 5 | equency in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems with often catastrophic consequences for rec
role of biodiversity in functioning of ecosystems has revitalized the question of how diversit will generate communities of differing functional diversity that can be seeded with the alien unities to invasion, and the impacts on community structure and ecosystem function will be moni the impacts on community structure and ecosystem function will be monitored over a 9 months pe |
10010 | 20 | natural populations. understanding the complexity behind this seemingly simple observation is
ge the adverse effects of anthropogenic environmental change. an important driver of environmen onmental change. an important driver of environmental change affecting wild populations is loss populations is loss and degradation of habitat, leading to altered availability and distributi at, leading to altered availability and distribution of food resources. the responses of animal -linearities in population responses to environmental change are likely to arise as a result of imal population responses to a changing environment therefore requires a knowledge of how indiv eneral framework for understanding when environmental change will exceed behavioural tolerances ural tolerances for social species. the development of such a framework will make an important g social foraging decisions in a patchy environment. fieldwork will be carried out to collect o is will provide crucial context for the development of the next step. step 2. developing an ind step 2. developing an individual-based model of social foraging. a spatially-explicit individu . a spatially-explicit individual-based model of patch use will be developed to provide a frame amework for predicting the influence of environmental change on group dynamics and individual f erimental tests of the individual-based model. in these experiments, resource configuration wil ong test of the predictive power of the model. step 4. exploring social species tolerances to e exploring social species tolerances to environmental change. the individual-based model will b ironmental change. the individual-based model will be designed with sufficient flexibility to a nd foraging success under environmental stress. the results will be used to identify basic prin to identify basic principles about how environmental change may affect different types of soci |
14501 | 4 | , as a reference to reach a sustainable development, maintaining maximum levels of production w
elopment, maintaining maximum levels of production without reduction in the biodiversity. at th same time, we will develop sustainable indicators, based on biophysical, social and economic c soil, fodder offer, nourishing value of vegetation, and the grade of livestock usage. relating |
7713 | 1 | ories in the perspective of sustainable development. this challenge is particularly acute in th
|
13470 | 5 | he possibility to infer how species and ecosystems evolved in the face of severe environmental
rrent populations might adapt to global climate change. in the present project we will build up orway spruce, with special attention to phenology, a character that is crucial for adaptation a n models of the response of forest tree ecosystems to climate changes as well as in breeding pr e response of forest tree ecosystems to climate changes as well as in breeding programs. |
11412 | 1 | diets and farming patterns, many small-scale farmers in sub-saharan africa survey training and
|
11495 | 1 | diets and farming patterns, many small-scale farmers in sub-saharan africa survey training and
|
14462 | 1 | proposal is to support the sustainable development of the joint genome centre training of youn
|
7482 | 1 | sk, socio economic ability and cultural perceptions to cope with effects of this risk. working
|
7555 | 4 | action between these two species on the evolution of resistance to these toxins. these two para
n these two species on the evolution of resistance to these toxins. these two parameters have a ll be studied in the analysis of stable carbon isotope and cuticular hydrocarbons potentially. on the location in the stem and winter mortality from each other |
12766 | 2 | this project will: •review problems with wild deer in the urban and peri-ur
h wild deer in the urban and peri-urban environment. •the project will draw on experiences in t |
14474 | 4 | pe level, presents spatial and temporal heterogeneity, to which hunting communities are adapted
t to analyse other human impacts . this gis will be based on the environmental, economic, human radient of landscape and their temporal evolution over the last three decades. the final object ies to another regions of the valencian community and other mediterranean landscapes of se spai |
13813 | 3 | partial harvest experiments in canada. model species are alectoria sarmentosa, an old forest i
are alectoria sarmentosa, an old forest indicator, and usnea longissima, a red-listed flagship in old experimental plots in vilhelmina model forest. the project is a co-operation between ume |
12159 | 1 | of grazing on invertebrates, and on the growth of cattle.
|
12164 | 10 | ning of refinements to existing uk agri-environment soil conditions. prior to liming the soil p
il conditions. prior to liming the soil ph was in the range 4.9-5.8 across the study sites. lim erefore, have been at an early stage of development at the end of bd1456, in 2007. monitoring t ensure that the above and below ground community responses have had time to develop more fully f plant diversity maintenance. the soil microbial community response to the different fertilize lar fertilizer practices for the meadow ecosystem. low yields of late cut hay of low feed value f negative relationships between meadow productivity and species-richness and between yield pre between meadow productivity and species-richness and between yield predictability and species-r etween yield predictability and species-richness. the proposed project will examine these relat occurred in 2005 and 2007 to define the productivity range of unimproved meadows under sustaina |
11688 | 10 | d s poorest. they rely heavily on local ecosystems for their livelihoods and security; for exam
rnt to groups working in other types of ecosystems. mangrove forests are highly productive and y productive and efficient at capturing carbon, much of which ends up buried below ground and c up possibilities for using payments for carbon credits to help mangrove conservation and to bri udent will make a detailed study of the development of this project to record the lessons learn ers in the region that use payments for ecosystem services. the value of mangrove ecosystems to osystem services. the value of mangrove ecosystems to local people, and particularly to the poo lead to large errors. we will test this benefit transfer approach by measuring a range of direc on financing, such as those coming from climate change negotiations. unfortunately there is oft he science and practice of payments for ecosystem services. this will be further developed and |
11617 | 12 | t that the microbial loop and microbial production play an important role in many aquatic ecosy
play an important role in many aquatic ecosystems. further there is a growing realisation that an be tightly coupled, with substantial energy fluxes across habitat boundaries. for example ca , with substantial energy fluxes across habitat boundaries. for example carbon flow between ter across habitat boundaries. for example carbon flow between terrestrial and freshwater systems ssociated with chemosynthetic microbial methane production as tracers, to investigate, for the d with chemosynthetic microbial methane production as tracers, to investigate, for the fist tim fist time, the fuelling of terrestrial food webs by benthic microbial consortia via emerging a atic insects. resolving and elucidating connectivity among foodwebs is likely to have implicati ons for our understanding of a range of ecosystem process such as population/metapopulation dyn as population/metapopulation dynamics, trophic cascades and stability. pulation dynamics, trophic cascades and stability. |
10822 | 7 | alternative states of plant or plankton dominance. each is stabilised by biological mechanisms,
tems is often unstable, perhaps because nutrients have been insufficiently controlled. recent c y to test three hypotheses: that rising salinity can act as a switch, that nitrogen, rather tha sing salinity can act as a switch, that nitrogen, rather than phosphorus is the more important as a switch, that nitrogen, rather than phosphorus is the more important controlling nutrient, tant controlling nutrient, and that the stability of the system is determined by plant diversit versity, which in turn is controlled by nitrogen loading. a major experiment will be carried ou |
10608 | 2 | gnificant support as the key speciation model, it is a poor explanation for marine biodiversity
e significantly to our understanding of evolution in marine environments. |
13793 | 2 | m available predictions of increases in temperature and terrestrially derived organic in order
d organic in order to meet future large-scale changes in freshwater and coastal environments. |
10943 | 5 | t landscape. the project will involve a gis analysis of landscape structure and fragment metric
gion based on previously ground-truthed landsat-tm images; sampling of habitat structure within -truthed landsat-tm images; sampling of habitat structure within geo-referenced 0.25-ha forest s ; and rapid assessments of vertebrate abundance in 30 fragments. this study will provide key gistic interactions between hunting and habitat fragmentation affect tropical forest wildlife, |
10161 | 4 | uge variation in flowering size; in one habitat coexisting species differ 380-fold. the causes
re differences between species within a habitat we will run comparative demographic experiments ents, which allow the trade-off between growth and survival to be quantified. finally, within a eriments to quantify heritabilities for growth and flowering size, and their genetic correlatio |
11352 | 4 | uge variation in flowering size; in one habitat coexisting species differ 380-fold. the causes
re differences between species within a habitat we will run comparative demographic experiments ents, which allow the trade-off between growth and survival to be quantified. finally, within a eriments to quantify heritabilities for growth and flowering size, and their genetic correlatio |
12139 | 2 | created for monitoring and forecasting development of the p. minimum population. the fusion of
ent types of data will allow creating a model of p. minimum adaptation mechanisms and interacti |
12732 | 6 | of these topics: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.in
s: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.involve collabor ion for uk priority species through the production and dissemination of guidance for conservati rough the wide dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly explain how t high transaction costs. the aim of this competition is to develop a mechanism which allows esta |
14727 | 1 | ur research line on the systematics and evolution of festuca and other related genera of subtri
|
221 | 1 | ble information to the knowledge on the distribution, ecology and phylogeography of the tribe i
|
14725 | 6 | rphological plasticity, is an excellent model to study the evolution of the vegetative adaptati
ity, is an excellent model to study the evolution of the vegetative adaptations in vascular pla ts and to construct a robust subgeneric classification. considering that extractions from herba objectives are to develop a subgeneric classification based on natural groups and to obtain th n about the origin, diversification and distribution of the cape flora and to explain why some s in plant ecology as the importance of evolution in the assembley and structure of plant commu |
15429 | 2 | onomy of the genera with lowest species richness. due to the many publications result of these
y can be used by the general scientific community. |
13803 | 1 | aims of this project are to establish a classification of enchytraeids that is consistent with
|
7524 | 4 | tions responsible for susceptibility or resistance to the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus vir
nt to disease. secondly, a mathematical model, developed in the context of petri nets, will be xt of petri nets, will be carried. this model to estimate the future impact of rhd on the popul into account the role of disease in the population dynamics |
14911 | 3 | the family megachilidae, because of its complexity, number of taxa and the different points of
quilids and will provide of a taxonomic classification that will reflect their evolution relati classification that will reflect their evolution relations, the species definition, the knowle |
14769 | 2 | d unlike recombine, thus permitting the recovery of an unambiguous phylogenetic hypothesis for
biguous phylogenetic hypothesis for its evolution. on the other hand the mtdna evolves fairly r |
15036 | 1 | cox1 and nd1 gene as molecular marker. development of phylogenetic trees of the species of thi
|
11623 | 2 | sed successfully during two nerc marine productivity summer zooplankton courses and analysis wo
base form for easy updating, access and distribution. the marine area covered will be the north |
14921 | 2 | bioindication. however, the taxonomical complexity of the genus has traditionally put obstacles
es in the way of studying the epiphytic environment of the temperate areas where they are speci |
15309 | 1 | a chief ecological role in the primary colonization of trees and shrubs bark. it is considered
|
6868 | 1 | help the recognition of the flora- and vegetation history of the postglacial period in the car
|
14489 | 5 | aracters of the three genera, drawings, habitat, nomenclature, typifications, dichotomicous key
chotomicous keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the te keys, updated descriptions, habitat and distribution of all taxa accepted in the territory stud edgement of the taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, habitat and phylogeny of these three gene e taxonomy, nomenclature, distribution, habitat and phylogeny of these three genera. |
6888 | 1 | arch is the taxonomic and zoogeographic evaluation of the oribatida fauna in some palearctic an
|
14571 | 2 | e the information about the ecology and distribution of each taxa, and to carry out distributio
ribution of each taxa, and to carry out distribution maps in the studied area. 5. to publish al |
14861 | 4 | museum collections being lost. for the colonization process of the western mediterranean by th
ation to live in very dry habitats, the colonization of western european areas might have origi e material has been lost. 6.- infer the colonization pattern of the genus lycosa in the western ecifically, infer the origin of all the colonization events in the iberian peninsula and italy |
15291 | 1 | in the areas of study, and the types of distribution for the species.
|
14742 | 2 | will try to establish the geographical distribution of the cytotypes analised in our study. in
e basis of the patters of chromosomical evolution obtained, we will elaborate a proposal about |
14890 | 7 | aceans with an important role in marine ecosystems . in spite of their importance, world caprel
lties of disections, the high degree of intraspecific variation and the morphological changes d on and the morphological changes during development. we will study the caprellid biodiversity f eans, and to explain global patterns of distribution. in this sense, we will also use molecular also use molecular tools to explore the intraspecific variation in the cosmopolitan species and cts of the more abundant species in the ecosystems will be also studied and experiments in ecot ronmental studies for monitoring marine ecosystems. |
15102 | 2 | tamarix l. are the potential vegetation of ravines and salt marshes of semiarid terr
tened by anthropic activities and whose distribution areas are decreasing gradually. by all tho |
14574 | 4 | n the following aspects :- wing pattern evolution: the transition within the crocidosema assemb
al conditions, mainly high altitudes. - evolution of the genitalia and last abdominal segments esting new characters within the group.-evolution in secondary sexual characters : males in cro e project and will produce a remarkable review of a taxonomically dificult group with economic |
2090 | 2 | f numerical analysis of shape, size and distribution of spicules, combined with detailed histol
ogical work has thrown new light on the classification of the calcarea. as a result the species |
14796 | 1 | particularly in erica, at infrageneric classification, relationships between species and possi
|
14644 | 1 | but is not absolutely required for the development of the project; however, it would be very u
|
12158 | 1 | ishment of these species under the agri-environment schemes.
|
10466 | 12 | ionary biology because teeth are a core model for understanding the general principles of organ
tanding the general principles of organ development, and these theories rely heavily upon the a e the case and our understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarr understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarray. thus, we are f the job. we know nothing concerning the function of teeth in jawless vertebrates, and feeding i the new hypothesis of convergent tooth evolution is correct, because there are no comprehensiv s. existing hypotheses of jaw and tooth function among extinct jawless and basal jawed vertebra evidence of how vertebrates ate and the nature of their food. we will use sophisticated and pow and teeth were engineered to fit their function. these models will use high-resolution data fr ow us to test hypotheses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow heses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow us to provide new, ortantly - the evolutionary origin of a model developmental module: the jaw-tooth system |
10906 | 12 | ionary biology because teeth are a core model for understanding the general principles of organ
tanding the general principles of organ development, and these theories rely heavily upon the a e the case and our understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarr understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarray. thus, we are f the job. we know nothing concerning the function of teeth in jawless vertebrates, and feeding i the new hypothesis of convergent tooth evolution is correct, because there are no comprehensiv s. existing hypotheses of jaw and tooth function among extinct jawless and basal jawed vertebra evidence of how vertebrates ate and the nature of their food. we will use sophisticated and pow and teeth were engineered to fit their function. these models will use high-resolution data fr ow us to test hypotheses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow heses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow us to provide new, ortantly - the evolutionary origin of a model developmental module: the jaw-tooth system |
11418 | 12 | ionary biology because teeth are a core model for understanding the general principles of organ
tanding the general principles of organ development, and these theories rely heavily upon the a e the case and our understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarr understanding of the evolution of this model organogenic system is in disarray. thus, we are f the job. we know nothing concerning the function of teeth in jawless vertebrates, and feeding i the new hypothesis of convergent tooth evolution is correct, because there are no comprehensiv s. existing hypotheses of jaw and tooth function among extinct jawless and basal jawed vertebra evidence of how vertebrates ate and the nature of their food. we will use sophisticated and pow and teeth were engineered to fit their function. these models will use high-resolution data fr ow us to test hypotheses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow heses concerning the evolution of tooth development. our research will allow us to provide new, ortantly - the evolutionary origin of a model developmental module: the jaw-tooth system. |
11148 | 3 | are central to our understanding of the evolution of different life-history strategies, i.e. wh
n is also greatly affected by oxidative stress / the organism s inability to cope with the dama ese stresses and, therefore, provide an indicator of individual quality. |
15472 | 4 | life history theory attempts to explain the evolutionar
her experimental increases in oxidative stress and reproductive effort lead to significant redu an exploration of the effects of early development in telomere length. to this end, we will te of brood-size manipulations, incubation temperature experiments and yolk-androgen injections in |
2165 | 9 | h is to develop and validate biological indicators suitable for classification of ecological st
date biological indicators suitable for classification of ecological status in rivers and lakes nd further by focusing on still missing indicators for eutrophication and acidification of rive and fish. the project will also include indicators for hydromorphological pressures on macrophy idate reference conditions for selected indicators. a series of different statistical and model . a series of different statistical and modelling techniques will be used to identify potential ques will be used to identify potential thresholds and to quantify the uncertainty in the respo certainty in the response curves of the indicators along the different pressure gradients. the g the different metrics into a holistic classification of water bodies, including uncertainty e |
15405 | 23 | the increase in the earths temperature over the last decades has generated a proli
generated a proliferation of studies on climate change. we should be able to discern changes in we should be able to discern changes in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those hanges in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those caused by natural variability a profound knowledge on the effects of temperature in such processes. hence the creation in sp of the national action on adaptation to climate change. the effects of climate change on ecosys ation to climate change. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, including those of headwa hange. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, including those of headwater streams, which l poorly understood, in particular when temperature interacts with other factors locally. in th es presently arousing great interest is leaf litter decomposition through its repercussion on t arousing great interest is leaf litter decomposition through its repercussion on the global ca through its repercussion on the global carbon cycle, because warming can enhance decomposition ion on the global carbon cycle, because warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies ha rbon cycle, because warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies have tried to clarify rify if the response of this process to temperature changes is of the same sign and magnitude i gn and magnitude in materials and river ecosystems of different geographical regions in an area hat of the iberian peninsula, where the climate variability is high. our aim is to assess the e gh. our aim is to assess the effects of temperature on the functioning of iberian headwater str er streams through an analysis of a key ecosystem process, i.e. leaf litter decomposition and u alysis of a key ecosystem process, i.e. leaf litter decomposition and underlying variables, and key ecosystem process, i.e. leaf litter decomposition and underlying variables, and to determin to determine its implications on stream ecosystems in the context of the projected climate chan systems in the context of the projected climate change scenarios. |
15406 | 22 | the increase in earths temperature in the last decades has made to proliferate
proliferate studies within the scope of climate change. we will be able to discern changes in e . we will be able to discern changes in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those hanges in ecosystem processes caused by climate change from those of natural variability if we a profound knowledge on the effects of temperature in such processes. the fact that there is a a national action on adaptation to the climate change is enough to understand that it is very ant to know profoundly the responses of ecosystems to the increase of temperature on earth. the ponses of ecosystems to the increase of temperature on earth. the effects of climate change on of temperature on earth. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, the headwater streams inc earth. the effects of climate change on ecosystems, the headwater streams included, the target still poorly known, in particular when temperature interacts with other factors locally. in th he process arousing greater interest is leaf litter decomposition, by its repercussion on the g rousing greater interest is leaf litter decomposition, by its repercussion on the global carbon tion, by its repercussion on the global carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rate rcussion on the global carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies, h al carbon cycle, as warming can enhance decomposition rates. few studies, however, have tried t his project is to assess the effects of temperature in the functioning of iberian headwater str r streams through the response of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and under he response of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and underlying variables, an of a key ecosystem process, leaf litter decomposition, and underlying variables, and to discern d to discern its implications on stream ecosystems under the projected climate change scenarios n stream ecosystems under the projected climate change scenarios. |
10220 | 5 | r, warmer spring climates may speed the development of the next generation, increasing overlap
rable, this can be measured easily, and temperature-sensitivity assessed. this parasite also ha ection and infectivity, and there is no recovery from infection. there are annual epidemics eac ts will give a general insight into how climate affects the pattern of disease in insects from insects may change in the uk following climate change. |
11430 | 5 | r, warmer spring climates may speed the development of the next generation, increasing overlap
rable, this can be measured easily, and temperature-sensitivity assessed. this parasite also ha ection and infectivity, and there is no recovery from infection. there are annual epidemics eac ts will give a general insight into how climate affects the pattern of disease in insects from insects may change in the uk following climate change. |
9902 | 5 | r, warmer spring climates may speed the development of the next generation, increasing overlap
rable, this can be measured easily, and temperature-sensitivity assessed. this parasite also ha ection and infectivity, and there is no recovery from infection. there are annual epidemics eac ts will give a general insight into how climate affects the pattern of disease in insects from ase patterns of insects may change when climate alters. |
11377 | 1 | eteorite impacts and periods of extreme climate change, and biological developments then the ag
|
14724 | 1 | ns taking place during the adoption and development of agriculture, a period that comprises the
|
14723 | 1 | rizing the environmental conditions and productivity of crops in the western and ancient dna te
|
15573 | 6 | orks of protected areas into functional connectivity. tenlamas will evaluate alternative models
aluate alternative models for assessing connectivity of particular ecological networks and for etailed simulation models of individual behavior generating most probable paths. concurrent con erating most probable paths. concurrent connectivity estimates will be evaluated on selected mo estimates will be evaluated on selected model species in test landscapes with respect to the re rsal by assessing gene flow to a simple model, using metapopulation viability as dependent vari |
9926 | 1 | this project will investigate the nature of latest cretaceous-early tertiary climates in
|
14785 | 2 | icultural and cattle raiser systems and ecosystems in autonomous regions of the spanish state.
of the spanish state. it will permit an evaluation about all those changes impacts and elaborat |
7704 | 10 | ations, shattering the myth of a single model of development and leading to coexistence in the
hattering the myth of a single model of development and leading to coexistence in the relations rent models - maybe even incompatible - development in the territory and most often in the same iations"and consistency of the modes of development of the land and resources by agricultural a ombining locally in the home territory, participation and production: family farming, peasant a n the home territory, participation and production: family farming, peasant agriculture, agroec oecology and multiple forms local rural development is that it will detect, understand, capital ir territory and interacting with other development models. scientific work interra project, co al activity in three districts and then mapping at the pampas region. it gives one hand the"bac ptual advances on territorial and local development in rural areas, adaptation and innovation c |
6766 | 1 | of this research is the collecting and evaluation of the existing relevant literature of this
|
13353 | 2 | le to maintain and restore biodiversity ecosystem services. to achieve this, a transactional en
hs and trajectories of cooperation, and model required transactions between the central and the |
7407 | 1 | plete fungal genomes issued for a large-scale study and then focusing on three fungal genera mo
|
14213 | 4 | – are considered as the most endangered ecosystems in a global view. the development of bog mos
ngered ecosystems in a global view. the development of bog mostly related to its hydrological r gical regime, which in turn, depends on climate and human activities around the bog. as a resul will be complemented and local transfer function is completed. historical water-table level flu |
11777 | 3 | he system in static mode, on a range of vegetation targets and calibration objects, in order to
ation objects, in order to validate the model and test the potential for model inversion. te the model and test the potential for model inversion. |
10806 | 2 | edical practice in that the collection, review, and dissemination of the evidence now underpins
uld become a standard approach. in this model we envisage practitioners having easy access to s |
11350 | 3 | ion of experimentation and mathematical modelling to derive and test a theory that uses epidemi
se populations of dispersed particulate carbon sources on and within soil across scales of cm t pts about latency and infectiousness in colonization and percolation of stochastic epidemics in |
10617 | 4 | daptive radiation theory, that resource competition is driving such divergence, makes predictio
the course of a radiation after species richness has plateaued, and whether deterministic proce termining trajectories of morphological evolution, as predicted if divergence is driven by comp as predicted if divergence is driven by competition. |
10025 | 7 | test evolutionary theory the picture of evolution we have inherited from the modern synthesis i
rstanding of the genetic inheritance of traits, an appreciation of the role of genetic drift in tication to our basic view of darwinian evolution, highlighting the role of genetic constraints ting the role of genetic constraints on evolution, indirect genetic effects and also conflicts main stumbling block has been a lack of traits about which we know a lot about how natural sele xual conflict and so on. i will use two traits where we do know how natural selection should be llocation and female re-mating rate, as model systems to test the importance of aspects of curr |
11409 | 7 | test evolutionary theory the picture of evolution we have inherited from the modern synthesis i
rstanding of the genetic inheritance of traits, an appreciation of the role of genetic drift in tication to our basic view of darwinian evolution, highlighting the role of genetic constraints ting the role of genetic constraints on evolution, indirect genetic effects and also conflicts main stumbling block has been a lack of traits about which we know a lot about how natural sele xual conflict and so on. i will use two traits where we do know how natural selection should be llocation and female re-mating rate, as model systems to test the importance of aspects of curr |
11068 | 4 | d therefore act as important buffers of environmental change. pre-breeders may wait several yea
d is patchily distributed in the marine environment, and as a result seabirds we can now study will enable us to determine whether the development of foraging consistencies explains why seab reater vulnerability to the threat from climate change, fisheries or pollution. if pre-breeders |
10332 | 1 | victoria cichlids to test for parallel evolution of colouration and for parallel speciation. s
|
10745 | 1 | victoria cichlids to test for parallel evolution of colouration and for parallel speciation. s
|
10312 | 3 | ry forces that maintain same-sex sexual behavior in natural populations, despite its common occ
uting to ssb. the chromosomal location, dominance relationships and correlations with fitness m ood that ssb is maintained under either model. the results will provide much-needed data on the |
1958 | 14 | and its functional relations with other life history traits in the seasonal tropical butterfly
ional relations with other life history traits in the seasonal tropical butterfly bicyclus anyn by a large extent the initial size and growth of the progeny and its effects may persist throu all play a role in the species-specific evolution of egg size. environmental and maternal facto t amenable to environmental variance in life history traits. given the importance of egg size f environmental variance in life history traits. given the importance of egg size for the fitnes ive response to the seasonal changes in climate and resting background. in concordance, the lif resting background. in concordance, the life history shows a remarkable contrast between the se rkable contrast between the seasons for traits including, weight, fecundity , fat content, long ccur, however, within the limits set by development and physiology that have to integrate the t direct and correlated responses along a temperature gradient. using existing selection lines fo ations between egg size and the general life history and its likely evolution using path analys the general life history and its likely evolution using path analysis. crosses between lines di by using our growing expertise in gene mapping in this species. |
1971 | 8 | se for the direct experimental study of evolution due to their dependence on rare spontaneous m
fect the evolutionary outcome. in vitro evolution of single enzymes, where mutations can be int of sex and recombination using in vitro evolution of antibiotic resistance. we will study the e using in vitro evolution of antibiotic resistance. we will study the evolution of resistance c ntibiotic resistance. we will study the evolution of resistance conferred by the enzyme tem-1 & istance. we will study the evolution of resistance conferred by the enzyme tem-1 -lacta combination in maladaptive and adaptive evolution will be studied by using an antibiotic for wh which the -lactamase has a high resistance , respectively. by manipulating the rate of |
10572 | 2 | sediment profile imagery and bioturbation.
sediment profile imagery and bioturbation. |
10482 | 2 | ion genetics, with a recent high-impact review identifying priorities for understanding the pri
ndividuals. problems identified by this review were: whether genetic rescue should be instigate |
10026 | 11 | ted by the paucity of research into the evolution of senescence undertaken in natural settings.
taken in natural settings. organisms in nature experience an inevitable risk of death from envi ry predicts that increasing the risk of mortality will result in the evolution of faster senesc he risk of mortality will result in the evolution of faster senescence rates. however, more rec ajor challenges to our understanding of evolution of senescence. determining the causes of vari g the causes of variation in individual mortality risk and senescence rates in natural populati pulations is required to understand the evolution of senescence. i will use data collected from and environments on variation in adult mortality risk. i will also test for differences in sen nisms thought to be responsible for the evolution of senescence, i will analyse data from wild , tests of key hypotheses regarding the evolution of senescence in nature. advancing our unders egarding the evolution of senescence in nature. advancing our understanding of senescence in na |
10303 | 5 | s expected to influence the ecology and evolution of transposable elements within genomes. surp
demography affects transposable element evolution. the fruitfly drosophila melanogaster is an i fly drosophila melanogaster is an ideal model system to test the impact of changes in host demo ynamics, since this species is a both a model system for transposable element biology and is kn to demographic changes caused by global climate change. |
11233 | 14 | tly experiencing unprecedented rates of habitat loss and environmental change. climate change a
unprecedented rates of habitat loss and environmental change. climate change alone is predicted habitat loss and environmental change. climate change alone is predicted to condemn at least o rks that we depend on for food and fuel production, for sustainable development, and ultimately od and fuel production, for sustainable development, and ultimately for political stability. th velopment, and ultimately for political stability. there is therefore an urgent need to underst ent need to understand maximum rates of evolution in response to environmental change. this wil ximum rates of evolution in response to environmental change. this will allow scientists to pro ts on what the consequences of changing climate and habitat loss are likely to be for biodivers he consequences of changing climate and habitat loss are likely to be for biodiversity. at spec rs most limit evolutionary potential in nature. the proposed research will explore how levels o enetic variation affect the point where evolution fails along similar altitudinal transitions o ls, and assess genetic changes in those traits expected to be evolving along these spatial grad ese models predict the maximum rates of evolution observed in real populations. such informatio |
9860 | 4 | also have important implications to the evolution of parasites. if they spread locally, they ar
em has confirmed the predictions of the model of the effect of space on transmission; it was lo t the effect of local infection on host resistance. we will then test this using our insect vir nt degrees of local interactions on the evolution of disease causing organisms. given that anth |
10583 | 8 | e are interested in the phytogeographic distribution of conifers, and particularly in the hypot
ive habitats. here we use neighbourhood modelling to quantify competition within forest stands, use neighbourhood modelling to quantify competition within forest stands, by analysing a databa will quantify the responses of trees to competition by relating growth and mortality to crowdin ses of trees to competition by relating growth and mortality to crowding by neighbours. we will s to competition by relating growth and mortality to crowding by neighbours. we will investigat ranges, and whether their responses to competition have contributed to their current distribut ition have contributed to their current distribution. |
10334 | 2 | avian sex ratios, using blue tits as a model system. the results of such experiments can shed
he role of adaptation and constraint in evolution. |
2551 | 6 | e cellular mechanisms that underlie the growth and water homeostasis of the louse are, however,
channel disruption increases the host´s resistance to infection. by targeting the adaptive chan ypic effects on its osmotic physiology, growth and differentiation. potential chemotherapeutant agenesis used to validate the structure-function relationships. we further aim to validate our validate our hypothesis that aquaporin evolution was fundamentally associated with animal radi ting combination of molecular genetics, evolution, and potential drug targeting of invertebrate |
14214 | 9 | can exhibit a variety of inhibition or intensification responses in root growth towards neighb
on or intensification responses in root growth towards neighbours to reduce root competition be rowth towards neighbours to reduce root competition between genetically related neighbours, or lly related neighbours, or to intensify competition between non-related neighbours. this shows requently the changing patterns of root growth towards neighbours have been explained by change ants depends on the probability of self-competition – the probability of meeting the same genot e same genotype or a close relative for competition , species that have evolved in ecosystems p petition , species that have evolved in ecosystems poor in plant species, and reproduce predomi d species-rich grassland communities as model systems, to find evidence to the working hypothes |
10363 | 2 | nformation to explore floral design and evolution, and to predict the airborne movement of gene
t of genetically-modified pollen in the environment. cfd harnesses a supercomputer to simulate |
7432 | 2 | the association France Nature Reserves and results of the thesis should provid
ht on its policy of setting up regional nature reserves. |
10421 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
10663 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
10685 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
10914 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
11692 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
9897 | 4 | structure and functioning of planktonic ecosystems in relation to physical and atmospheric proc
fect, directly or indirectly, the ocean carbon cycle. a range of new technologies will be appli that control the formation and fate of organic matter. the observations, together with those o d biogeochemistry within the context of climate change. the cruises will also enable formal tra |
223 | 17 | individual to minimize or to intensify competition with other individuals depending on their i
ts that plants can exhibit a variety of growth strategies in response to competition and show q ety of growth strategies in response to competition and show quite sophisticated behaviour. thi w level of understanding adaptations to competition in plants. the current understanding of pla nts. the current understanding of plant evolution states that the evolution of cooperative beha ding of plant evolution states that the evolution of cooperative behaviour in plants is improba splace strategies minimizing interplant competition. however, several clear examples of avoidan ral clear examples of avoidance of root competition among plants have been demonstrated, and le ave been demonstrated, and less intense competition has been observed between related than non- and cooperation has not been applied in modelling of plant behaviour, and no field studies have of neighbours lead to the avoidance of competition between neighbours and how widespread such whether the ability of plants to avoid competition is related to species/population life histo tition is related to species/population life history traits with the same phenotype. we will al ated to species/population life history traits with the same phenotype. we will also attempt to ronmental feedback through differential migration or mortality, and whether the alternative mec dback through differential migration or mortality, and whether the alternative mechanism of evo nd whether the alternative mechanism of evolution of cooperation via neighbour recognition is o |
10585 | 4 | out the mechanisms underlying cognitive function and the evolution of social living. in fish, i
s underlying cognitive function and the evolution of social living. in fish, individuals that c choose familiar schoolmates accrue anti-predator and foraging benefits. conferring these benefi ciation and avoidance on a near-natural scale. |
14847 | 3 | and survive to the present.in terms of production, the only company in spain with strong commi
o studies on responses to physiological stress, including load, nutrition/feeding, hypoxia, and ess, including load, nutrition/feeding, hypoxia, and exercise. |
14464 | 8 | osition, sex ratio, fecundity, feeding, growth, mortality, abundance etc. ● implementation of g
sex ratio, fecundity, feeding, growth, mortality, abundance etc. ● implementation of genetic-b fecundity, feeding, growth, mortality, abundance etc. ● implementation of genetic-biochemical elds: industrial fisheries and angling, nature protective and conservative significance, mappin otective and conservative significance, mapping of the established gobiid species; the threats tional program for assisting the stable development of the fish populations; establishment of c stablishment of criteria for ecological evaluation of the water basins, based on the indexes of y for protection and restoration of the environment and the water basins. |
9821 | 11 | million years the lake filled with fine sediment and the organic remains of the flora and fauna
is size will combined with this work to model crater lakes on early earth and mars. early life the processes of devastation and biotic recovery after a significant meteorite impact event. we the variations in organic molecules and carbon isotopes which tell us more about the climate at n isotopes which tell us more about the climate at the time. we know very little about biotic r ly analogous because they are richer in nutrients. studying the boltysh crater will allow us to ter will allow us to produce a detailed model for ecosystem recovery following the impact event llow us to produce a detailed model for ecosystem recovery following the impact event, creating produce a detailed model for ecosystem recovery following the impact event, creating a compara vide an almost continuous record of the climate in central europe and asia. in the future we an will be able to use it to discover how climate in continental areas relates to the oceanic sig |
15344 | 6 | d bird of prey inhabiting mediterranean ecosystems. it is a long-lived species that occupy the
ecies that occupy the highest levels of food webs, integrating information from lower trophic l of their biological parameters could be indicators of environmental changes. during the last de d by the species. at the same time, the abundance and distribution of its main prey to determin es. at the same time, the abundance and distribution of its main prey to determine whether biol gical parameters measured are useful as indicators of environmental quality in addressing conse |
11397 | 2 | en individuals in their minimal rate of metabolism, generally termed basal or standard metaboli
nal tool for adjusting offspring to the environment, so linking endocrinology, ecophysiology, b |
10937 | 6 | ficiencies might influence estimates of energy allocation in commercially important cephalopods
copy, together with field studies using remote sensing technologies that estimate energy costs mote sensing technologies that estimate energy costs in free-ranging animals, will enable us to animals, will enable us to refine field energy budgets using cephalopod-specific oxycalorific e rific equivalents and aerobic/anaerobic energy yields that reflect as far as possible the true possible the true costs of activity in nature. |
11556 | 8 | tchment replica floodplain, also at 1:1 scale. the ptm can then be set in the flume subjected t
natural floodplain morphology and flood hydrology within the flume will enable us to acquire sp ntification of mechanisms of turbulence production dissipation, in all cases within different r rch represents the first study into the nature of turbulent flows over topographically complex ject will deliver an original empirical model of floodplain flow mechanics that will be used to lows, as well as to provide a benchmark model validation data set that will be made available t set that will be made available to the community. as an ancillary product the project will als -proof a novel and transferable terrain modelling technique that enables precise replication of |
11466 | 2 | chronology of the spatial and temporal distribution of aurignacian behaviour in central europe
e developed to take account of climatic model simulations and to examine critically assumptions |
15121 | 5 | omponents responded to the variation of climate and other anthropogenic external forces. the st
erdisciplinary knowledge about the past vegetation dynamics of the northwest iberian vegetation ation dynamics of the northwest iberian vegetation, and the responses of specific taxa to chang ronmental conditions. the effect on the vegetation of the natural climate change is distinguish effect on the vegetation of the natural climate change is distinguished from the effect of the |
13423 | 1 | ter births, the datas will be taken for growth; for new borns : birth weight, weaning weight, s
|
10636 | 2 | are grown in combination to study their competition. finally, we shall use our experimental res
be used to simulate in situ data on the abundance of the different strains of a.tamarense we ar |
10793 | 3 | long distance migration in birds is one of the world s most astonishi
r the resources it needs to fuel spring migration in time and so would arrive late on the breed ay be very important in determining the productivity and survival of migratory species. our stu |
10135 | 6 | ittle doubt that human induced climatic warming is occurring leading to a succession of milder
matic warming is occurring leading to a succession of milder winters. this winter, however, is ss rates in response to recent climatic warming. we will also investigate whether colder water r water species, which have declined in abundance in the u.k., can exhibit signs of recovery du dance in the u.k., can exhibit signs of recovery during short term colder conditions. informati er periods, during a period of climatic warming. such information will then be incorporated int |
12448 | 2 | ntic over an extended time frame. apply modelling techniques to explore relationships between c
frame in order to monitor responses to climate change. investigate links between cpr data and |
1986 | 12 | tionships among different body parts or traits, and between these and overall body size; change
r traits, and between these and overall body size; changes in such allometries among traits is size; changes in such allometries among traits is clearly a major pathway by which morphology e with over a century of interest in the evolution of allometry, essentially nothing is known ab functional scaling relationships among traits as well as in their evolution. to study both pro nships among traits as well as in their evolution. to study both process and pattern in evoluti n. to study both process and pattern in evolution we have initiated an integrative, broad evo-d tera for the particular combinations of traits as examined experimentally in previous artificia ses of observed patterns of bias in the evolution of the allometries in terms of how the indivi ometries in terms of how the individual traits contributed to changes in their scaling relation he roles of proximate mechanisms in the evolution of such complex phenotypes is needed to build d a predictive evo-devo theory of trait evolution that can then be generalized to other organis |
12509 | 4 | 318 and of0332, organic field vegetable production - baseline monitoring of systems with differ
cate best practice as outlined from the review process, and to receive feedback, particularly f ction of the studies. we will offer the review and the results of field experiments, if suitabl s, publications and the outcomes of the review and experiments. the project will directly benef |
10467 | 2 | the megabenthos in three types of polar environment: 1. open water areas, 2. seasonal ice areas
contrasting the ecology of these three environment types the project will address the question |
12625 | 1 | engthening the evidence base for policy development. brook lyndhurst has a wealth of experience
|
15204 | 1 | of phenotypic plasticity of vegetative traits on the fitness of woody long-lived species.
|
10882 | 2 | small proportion of close kin. through modeling, we have generated testable predictions concer
ill also test whether a common maternal environment, which influences the scents of inbred gene |
10535 | 2 | one of the key areas for the range-wide recovery of tigers. tiger distributions across sumatra
remaining natural landcover using large scale detection/non-detection surveys. these survey and |
10851 | 5 | embryology, the study of development, plays a pivotal role in unravelling the ev
test assumptions regarding the role of development in early animal evolution that are based ex the role of development in early animal evolution that are based exclusively upon studying livi e of this material to understanding the evolution of animal development. o understanding the evolution of animal development. |
11354 | 6 | embryology, the study of development, is pivotal to unravelling the evolutionary
animals, and how changes to patterns of development have produced the branching events in the t test hypotheses concerning the role of development in evolution. this is because the fossils a s concerning the role of development in evolution. this is because the fossils are geologically at variations in phylogenetic affinity, life history strategy and developmental stage have upon provide direct insight into the role of development in one of the most vexing questions of rece |
12238 | 1 | ical papers and a final report for peer review to ensure transparency of the recommendations. f
|
10361 | 2 | nd metapopulation levels to account for distribution patterns; these models bear on quite gener
n quite general questions regarding the evolution and ecology of polyploidy and reproductive sy |
6982 | 5 | f specific elaterid species in the soil food web in a correct way. furthermore this knowledge w
knowledge would be fundamental for the development of any technique to predict wireworm incide rather new and powerful method to study food webs and trophic relationships is the stable isoto on/diet of the wireworms with humus and soil moisture content of the sites, conclusions can be will also imply new approaches for the development of control strategies for wireworm damage. |
1957 | 1 | ell as the contribution of the juvenile environment on future clutch size. this experiment was
|
174 | 6 | forest wildfire in the maintenance and recruitment of steppe origin herbaceous species in bore
fire was the main factor causing large-scale disturbances, responsible for variation in forest variation in forest age structure, soil environment and light climate. due to the present-day i e structure, soil environment and light climate. due to the present-day intensive forestry prac the total impact of burning, direct and indirect effects of fire should be distinguished. the f d with heat and chemical changes in the environment charcoal, and light availability will be ex |
14135 | 6 | vironments and tolerate a wide range in salinity. successful immigration from freshwater to the
the phylum bacteroidetes. evidence for distribution patterns of distinct flavobacterial clades ntatives of the genus flavobacterium in salinity and organic matter gradients. an integrated ph he genus flavobacterium in salinity and organic matter gradients. an integrated phylogenetic ap l be used. the strategy relies on large-scale screening and quantification for flavobacterium d cteria in different nutrient and labile carbon gradients and grazing pressure by zooplankton. |
11645 | 2 | sation of protozoa may provide an ideal habitat for listeria during the part of their life cycl
logy. the main objectives are to screen community dnas from a range of habitats with listeria-s |
10600 | 5 | c activity and we are ignorant of their function in soil ecosystems. this project aims to deter
are ignorant of their function in soil ecosystems. this project aims to determine their abunda s. this project aims to determine their abundance, species diversity and metabolic activity in s of soil management practices on their community structure, and to obtain non-thermophilic cre new techniques to relate taxonomic and functional diversity that will be of broad relevance to |
10013 | 2 | the issue of ecosystem carbon , eriophorum sp. sphagnum sp. and othe
the issue of ecosystem carbon , eriophorum sp. sphagnum sp. and other bryophyt |
11481 | 26 | wherever you look there are patterns in nature. ecologists have long sought to explain these na
ht to explain these natural patterns of distribution and abundance and two models have emerged se natural patterns of distribution and abundance and two models have emerged as explanations. py a niche . more recently, the neutral model describes a populations determined by birth, deat ulations determined by birth, death and migration rather than evolution per se, and that these birth, death and migration rather than evolution per se, and that these processes, rather than processes, rather than interaction and evolution determine the distributions we observe in nat termine the distributions we observe in nature. interactions between microbes and plants are a and plants are a very important part of ecosystems.. microbial diseases in particular have been arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi , and this symbiosis is found in all land-based ecosystems except is symbiosis is found in all land-based ecosystems except antarctica. this is not a host-specif antarctica. this is not a host-specific symbiosis: most plant species capable of forming mycorr utionary theory. many surveys of the am symbiosis in field systems, however, have consistently wever, have consistently shown that the distribution of the amf among the host plants is not ra nteraction, such as plant and/or fungal growth, soil factors or indeed chance. the formation of chance. the formation of a mycorrhizal symbiosis depends therefore on the meeting of the two o . in this case we would expect external soil properties to have much less effect. to test this both in plant and fungal species and in soil properties. hetchell wood, near leeds uk, is an id results in a high diversity of soil and vegetation in a restricted area. we need to know the di a restricted area. we need to know the distribution of the fungal and root populations, and th so that a map of the plants, fungi and soil properties can be constructed. the testing of the host and fungus is more important than growth in response to soil environment in determining o portant than growth in response to soil environment in determining observed patterns of am dist in determining observed patterns of am distribution and abundance. this is a novel approach to bserved patterns of am distribution and abundance. this is a novel approach to a fundamental qu l approach to a fundamental question in community ecology and also is directly relevant to the |
10503 | 6 | lying agricultural spread, not only the nature of the social contacts made between the pre-agri
areas highlighted for encouragement and growth in the 2002-2007 science plan. by providing info vironmental factors have influenced the development, differentiation and sustentation of europe hese environmental factors will include climate change, the project being particularly relevant on of how terrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the rrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the fragmented |
10505 | 6 | lying agricultural spread, not only the nature of the social contacts made between the pre-agri
areas highlighted for encouragement and growth in the 2002-2007 science plan. by providing info vironmental factors have influenced the development, differentiation and sustentation of europe hese environmental factors will include climate change, the project being particularly relevant on of how terrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the rrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the fragmented |
10691 | 6 | lying agricultural spread, not only the nature of the social contacts made between the pre-agri
areas highlighted for encouragement and growth in the 2002-2007 science plan. by providing info vironmental factors have influenced the development, differentiation and sustentation of europe hese environmental factors will include climate change, the project being particularly relevant on of how terrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the rrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the fragmented |
11002 | 6 | lying agricultural spread, not only the nature of the social contacts made between the pre-agri
areas highlighted for encouragement and growth in the 2002-2007 science plan. by providing info vironmental factors have influenced the development, differentiation and sustentation of europe hese environmental factors will include climate change, the project being particularly relevant on of how terrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the rrestrial species adjust to climate and environmental change, especially within the fragmented |
10975 | 12 | fire in natural ecosystems is a major agent of biome structure formatio
degradation, atmospheric pollution and carbon emission. in this proposal we will focus attenti otentially important but barely studied ecosystem: the tropical montane cloud forests , where w fire ignition and spread, quantify the carbon emissions and recovery times associated with spe read, quantify the carbon emissions and recovery times associated with specific fires, and eval ic fires, and evaluate the potential of remote sensing data to scale up fire emissions to the w the potential of remote sensing data to scale up fire emissions to the wider andean region. our 1; 2. conducting intensive tracking and evaluation of all fires in our study region in the peri 2009-2011. 3. measuring the biomass and carbon stocks in unburned and burned forests 4. install d and burned forests 4. installing some carbon plots in forests prior to burn, and visiting the g and ignition experiments to determine thresholds of flammability at the treeline 6. using our g calibrated satellite data to estimate carbon emissions from fires across the tropical andes |
2034 | 2 | fort allocation, and hence dictates the scale of human exploitation, and to build a simulation
exploitation, and to build a simulation model of the fleet. |
11129 | 7 | functionally sterile worker depends on dominance interactions that are not dissimilar from tho
eproductive hierarchy on a quantitative scale. ovary development will then be determined, and t ierarchy on a quantitative scale. ovary development will then be determined, and the expression ctively, worker division of labour, egg production and mature queen behaviour. comparison with tive division of labour at a much finer scale than has previously been obtained. experiments wi e behavioural data in a novel, powerful model organism to provide an entirely new level of unde tanding of the dynamics of reproductive dominance in primitively eusocial societies. |
2142 | 1 | ave been established. owing to profound temperature differences among tributaries, we expect to
|
2144 | 3 | genetic variability both in phenotypic traits and putatively neutral markers. earlier work has
f seed banks in arabidopsis ecology and evolution, with a special emphasis on the role of seed aracteristics influence the ecology and evolution of arabidopsis. |
10171 | 3 | in plants with crassulacean acid metabolism how metabolic outputs are linked to the cloc
mechanisms that lead to acclimation and evolution of photosynthetic diversity in a changing env photosynthetic diversity in a changing environment. |
143 | 5 | aptive trait that could explain species distribution pattern in the nature. the aim of this pro
ain species distribution pattern in the nature. the aim of this project is to make the first at e plasticity of different morphological traits across a number of herbaceous plant species, and ntal questions in plant ecology - which traits of species, and to what degree, determine the di cies, and to what degree, determine the distribution of species on different abiotic and biotic |
15324 | 6 | ropose to study repeated cases of small-scale radiations in fish, focusing on understanding the
l speciation events and learn about the nature of the candidate speciating genes. i propose to distributed in small isolated lakes as model systems, since this group of tropical freshwater cally concentrate on repeated events of evolution of benthic-limnetic species pairs, a frequent species pairs, a frequent split in fish evolution, and follow the mode of natural selection. in plain some general trends of vertebrate evolution. |
2024 | 14 | ramework for explaining population- and ecosystem-level patterns in nature as a result of the i
lation- and ecosystem-level patterns in nature as a result of the interactions of individuals w f individuals with each other and their environment. while microbial ecologists have yet to ful w an individual bacterium perceives its habitat and how this perception ultimately influences i is perception ultimately influences its behavior and fate in a bacterial community. i propose t es its behavior and fate in a bacterial community. i propose to address this concept of bacteri yllosphere, or plant leaf surface, as a model ecosystem. habitat to highly diverse microbial co here, or plant leaf surface, as a model ecosystem. habitat to highly diverse microbial communit ant leaf surface, as a model ecosystem. habitat to highly diverse microbial communities, the ph y approach, i will use individual-based modeling, an essential tool in ibe, to simulate the col essential tool in ibe, to simulate the colonization process, from immigration to aggregation. ion. by combining both experimental and modeling approaches, this work will expose key properti rlie the observed patterns in bacterial behavior in the phyllosphere. moreover, it will reinfor ce the status of the phyllosphere as an ecosystem with great service to the testing of universa |
10669 | 12 | ave a good general understanding of how evolution operates, we have only limited insight into i
kely to respond to predicted changes in climate. the characteristics of individuals in a popula n are a consequence of their genes, the environment in which they live and the evolution that h environment in which they live and the evolution that has occurred up to that point. so much i but this simple statement conceals much complexity. specifically, the consequences of carrying ese various processes interact to shape evolution in natural populations. in this study we will is study: the weather, sheep population density, food availability and parasite abundance. we w density, food availability and parasite abundance. we will address the effect of the environmen ips between characters for example, are body size and parasite resistance freer to evolve separ for example, are body size and parasite resistance freer to evolve separately under good or bad will allow us to predict the course of evolution under specific time series of environmental c tal conditions - for example systematic climate change. long-term studies of individually-recog |
10886 | 12 | ave a good general understanding of how evolution operates, we have only limited insight into i
kely to respond to predicted changes in climate. the characteristics of individuals in a popula n are a consequence of their genes, the environment in which they live and the evolution that h environment in which they live and the evolution that has occurred up to that point. so much i but this simple statement conceals much complexity. specifically, the consequences of carrying ese various processes interact to shape evolution in natural populations. in this study we will is study: the weather, sheep population density, food availability and parasite abundance. we w density, food availability and parasite abundance. we will address the effect of the environmen ips between characters for example, are body size and parasite resistance freer to evolve separ for example, are body size and parasite resistance freer to evolve separately under good or bad will allow us to predict the course of evolution under specific time series of environmental c tal conditions - for example systematic climate change. long-term studies of individually-recog |
10735 | 7 | genetic variation is the fuel of evolution, and understanding its distribution and maint
uel of evolution, and understanding its distribution and maintenance in wild populations is a c hila melanogaster. d. melanogaster is a model species that is successfully used in many areas o here the species is well adapted to its habitat and nutritional resources are abundant, females are abundant, females will have enough energy to produce large numbers of eggs. when nutrition ere the species is newly established or competition for resources is high, some females may not breeding by looking at patterns of egg development, to see how female reproductive status infl |
11865 | 7 | the survival of human pathogens in the environment is an under studied area, and it is often a
eria. they play a key role in microbial food webs, grazing on bacteria and recycling nutrients. webs, grazing on bacteria and recycling nutrients. protozoa also interact with bacteria and vir isolated twice before. further soil and sediment isolates harboured novel chlamydia and legione ependent methods will be used to assess abundance and diversity of amoebae and associated bacte this to their diversity in bulk soil / sediment. previous work in this area is highly fragment e of the first to try and elucidate the abundance and diversity of a range of amoeba associated |
177 | 1 | ree species, site conditions, and stand productivity. this will enable the plasticity of the ad
|
12748 | 2 | commission initiated ‘the economics of ecosystems and biodiversity. teeb runs to 2010 will est
runs to 2010 will estimate the value of ecosystem services and produce outputs in autumn 2009 a |
11683 | 18 | the photosynthetic conversion of light energy to chemical energy in oceans. phytoplankton thus
conversion of light energy to chemical energy in oceans. phytoplankton thus form the basis of d half the biologically mediated global production of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from logically mediated global production of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from the atmospher bal production of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere each year. due to th ble these organisms might be to ongoing climate change. a necessary first step in understanding is an accurate measure of the amount of carbon they take up. phytoplankton carbon fixation can t of carbon they take up. phytoplankton carbon fixation can be reasonably well approximated as an be reasonably well approximated as a function of the amount of light available for photosynt a number of methods ranging from small scale ship based measurements to large scale year round scale ship based measurements to large scale year round repeated measurements using earth obse a simplistic treatment of phytoplankton carbon fixation simply as pigment multiplied by light i n phytoplankton physiology. indeed, the efficiency with which phytoplankton convert the light t kton convert the light they absorb into carbon varies hugely in the oceans. much of this variab nto our best estimates of the amount of carbon fixed each year. the current study aims to addre ankton light absorption and the rate of carbon fixation. at the same time we will measure a num ty in the ratio of light absorption and carbon fixation. by performing this work we will not on current best estimates of phytoplankton carbon fixation. |
15141 | 11 | odiversity is fundamental to the future development of humanity and hence urgent measures are r
cause financial and human resources for nature conservation are limited, it is appropriate to f management. they can be used to assess ecosystem or environmental integrity and to identify an ring conservation status of terrestrial ecosystems in the meditteranean basin. they exhibit hig meditteranean basin. they exhibit high habitat fidelity, limited potential for dispersal and r ry research utilizing mygalomorphs as a model system to study the processes underpinning medite ighly diverse mediterranean nemesiidae. gis and novel molecular tools will be further use to in investigate niche segregation at local scale in sympatric species of nemesiidae. we will also opulation genetic tools with ecological modelling techniques to identify demographic history of nd will predict future effect of global warming on the distribution and viability of these spec future effect of global warming on the distribution and viability of these species. finally, w |
11188 | 1 | vity to the photochemical oxidant ozone ecosystems from o3.
|
13595 | 11 | climate changes are exposing organisms to novel environ
ncy of environmental events shaping the life history and demography of individuals. whether dra ls. whether drastic drops in population abundance is the result of fishing or climate change is n abundance is the result of fishing or climate change is a never ending debate among fishery m mprove our understanding of how fishing mortality and climate change and variability affect mar erstanding of how fishing mortality and climate change and variability affect marine fish popul ange and variability affect marine fish population dynamics. we will study the effect of averag f average level and variance in fishing mortality and environmental factors on fish demography onmental factors on fish demography and population dynamics. the relative effect of fishing and ics. the relative effect of fishing and climate driven long- and short-term variation in enviro can acknowledge the full structure and complexity of natural populations when estimating param |
15308 | 8 | species interactions are considered a major force drivi
lso need to assess the impact of global climate change on the variation of these factors and, c actors and, consequently, on the future distribution of specialized interacting species. this p and scots pine, and the implications of climate change on the phenology of scots pine seed disp e implications of climate change on the phenology of scots pine seed dispersal and the expected ispersal and the expected impact on the distribution of crossbills specialized for feeding on s and to anticipate the impact of global climate change on the interaction between these species between these species and their future distribution. |
12453 | 4 | y objective: investigate the effects of climate on the abundance and distribution of squid in b
vestigate the effects of climate on the abundance and distribution of squid in british waters, effects of climate on the abundance and distribution of squid in british waters, using data fro sider the effects of cephalopods on the ecosystem structure. |
10364 | 9 | isturbance regimes on the magnitude and distribution of organic matter flow in food webs of rep
es on the magnitude and distribution of organic matter flow in food webs of replicated experime distribution of organic matter flow in food webs of replicated experimental stream channels. q erimental stream channels. quantitative food webs will be constructed for each channel communit bs will be constructed for each channel community using samples that were collected monthly and ent. feeding links will be expressed as organic matter flow , and will be quantified by couplin be quantified by coupling estimates of secondary production with gut contents analysis. our pr be the first attempt to quantify stream food webs in a controlled and replicated community expe ood webs in a controlled and replicated community experiment, and will be of broad interest to |
14167 | 9 | global scenarios list the land-use change, habitat loss and fragmentation as the
bal scenarios list the land-use change, habitat loss and fragmentation as the major factors of tudies have shown that the realized for habitat demanding species. however, field observations on the relative role of these landscape habitat elements. there are two approaches to study the two approaches to study the effects of habitat fragmentation and isolation on species dispersa evoted to the analysis of the effect of habitat loss, blurred by extinction delay debt. alterna elay debt. alternatively, exploring the colonization success in newly formed habitats would rev veal processes of species dispersal and habitat isolation more convincingly. we will study the ular, we aim to quantify the effects of habitat isolation, possible dispersal corridors and ant |
1976 | 13 | current theory predicts that intraguild predation, the killing and eating of species
usion of species and destabilization of food webs. this is in contradiction with the observatio contradiction with the observation that intraguild predation occurs frequently in natural ecosy predation occurs frequently in natural ecosystems. however, critical tests of the theory are l reveal mechanisms for coexistence with intraguild predation. the most essential parameter for n. the most essential parameter for the model predictions is the productivity of the habitat: c ameter for the model predictions is the productivity of the habitat: coexistence of a system of predictions is the productivity of the habitat: coexistence of a system of 3 species with intr existence of a system of 3 species with intraguild predation is only possible for intermediate ation is only possible for intermediate productivity. hence, experiments testing the theory sho uld measure the effects of manipulating productivity on coexistence and persistence of the spec he resource level , parallel to further development of models to include the effects of such, c of such, commonly occurring reciprocal intraguild predation. |
14161 | 11 | ver half of them have plant- and animal production both. the nutrient cycling is not a problem
wever, ca 40% of farms has solely plant production. in the ecological farming is essential clos ed nutrient cycle. the plant and animal production should be strongly tied. farm-produced feed ich are mostly orientated to selling of nutrients the plant feeding is managed by wearing of th tation the leguminous take care for the nitrogen need. the aim of the project is to find the an ogical activities, soil biota and other soil health indicators in the case of different organic ities, soil biota and other soil health indicators in the case of different organic farming met the change of soil fertility, the soil ph, organic matter and the content of macro- and micro change of soil fertility, the soil ph, organic matter and the content of macro- and micro nutr ter and the content of macro- and micro nutrients are measured regularly. the soil microorganis nsive and handles the problems in plant production, tillage, agrochemistry, microbiology, agroe |
10614 | 1 | ry strategies on parasite phylogeny and evolution rate to be assessed by comparative and likeli
|
10268 | 4 | from the flat holm and sound of harris food webs, as well as relevant data from the literature
iterature, we will be able to develop a model predicting the effects of rat eradication at the g the effects of rat eradication at the community level. this will be of practical use in predi uk islands, and to the invasive species community, both within the wider uk and further afield. |
2062 | 11 | namics of the populations. a functional classification of species has been central in order to
tral in order to understand and predict vegetation response-to the effect of grazing, but few s studies have explored the importance of plant functional traits for plant dynamics in alpine/ar onships between sheep grazing and plant life history on three different levels. 1 plant communi tory on three different levels. 1 plant community dynamics and sheep grazing: can changes in pl and sheep grazing: can changes in plant community structure be related to specific life history munity structure be related to specific life history traits within the resistance-tolerance mec ure be related to specific life history traits within the resistance-tolerance mechanistic sche specific life history traits within the resistance-tolerance mechanistic scheme 2 dynamics of h erent grazing regimes: do sets of plant traits covary to an extent that general strategies can cture and expression of plant tolerance traits at different grazing levels |
6951 | 2 | nships between background variables and community ecological variables of different forest-dwel
tions form the ecological basis for the nature based forest management and forest conservation |
12702 | 2 | will predict the likely consequences of climate change on internationally important bird popula
ationally important numbers of birds as climate changes. |
2082 | 14 | tify under which conditions an expected climate change will most strongly affect vertebrate pop
ge will most strongly affect vertebrate population dynamics. based on a newly developed theoret ra-specific variation in the effects of climate on vertebrate population dynamics be predicted in the effects of climate on vertebrate population dynamics be predicted from knowledge of basi on dynamical parameters 2. what are the life history characteristics of species that are likely ost strongly influenced by variation in climate 3. how does climate affect the spatial scale of ced by variation in climate 3. how does climate affect the spatial scale of synchrony in popula climate 3. how does climate affect the spatial scale of synchrony in population fluctuations t ject can examine whether the effects or climate are stronger on the population dynamics in high effects or climate are stronger on the population dynamics in highly productive than in poor e n poor environments, whether a stronger climate influence are found in species with a large clu h a large clutch size and high specific growth rate than in low reproductive species and whethe tive species and whether the effects of climate on the spatial scaling of the synchrony in popu pendent on interspecific differences in migration. |
13820 | 3 | l subsidies may thus increase the local abundance or enhance the performance of natural enemies
l control – and challenge some existing community-ecology theories. the aim of the proposed pro oids and hyperparasitoids and on insect community structure and biological control at different |
13450 | 2 | ycle limits our understanding of orchid population dynamics in general, and of the effects of m
prove our basic understanding of orchid population dynamics. the results will be useful for dev |
12587 | 9 | ll aim of this project is to critically review to what extent reduced tillage practices and org
at extent reduced tillage practices and organic matter returns will increase the carbon content rganic matter returns will increase the carbon content of arable soils under english and welsh glish and welsh conditions. the 2006 uk climate change programme includes a policy commitment t een promoted as a means of sequestering carbon in agricultural soils. however, a defra-funded r cultural soils. however, a defra-funded review of the potential for carbon sequestration in agr efra-funded review of the potential for carbon sequestration in agricultural soils , including nd and wales. this will also include an evaluation of other environmental and economic implicat efra to develop a clear line on whether carbon sequestration by changed land management practic |
10621 | 1 | uppy, poecilia reticulata, is a classic model for studies on microevolution, and yet the impact
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2153 | 14 | redicting how variations and changes in climate can affect key-processes that operate both on p
perate both on population dynamical and ecosystem level. more specifically, we will use long-te e will use long-term monitoring data on population dynamics and population specific demography ic and stochastic factors, the size and scale of environmental noise, and the effects of trophi environmental noise, and the effects of trophic interactions. the effects of extreme weather/cl actions. the effects of extreme weather/climate events on population dynamics will be quantifie ts of extreme weather/climate events on population dynamics will be quantified with respect to and future impact. dynamical downscaled climate scenarios for svalbard will be used to examine bard will be used to examine how future population dynamics will be affected by climate change. population dynamics will be affected by climate change. finally, the project will quantify unce iate data sets which will facilitate an evaluation of the ongoing monitoring in arctic ecosyste ion of the ongoing monitoring in arctic ecosystems. by using information from different trophic c levels in both marine and terrestrial ecosystem components on svalbard and in the barents sea of the biological effects of a changing climate in arctic areas, and is thus strongly anchored |
12414 | 1 | element of an expanded european marine ecosystem observatory with noc, sahfos, pol, pml and po
|
11394 | 1 | ny patterns in colouration, morphology, life history and behaviour within a particular species
|
2043 | 1 | nd to develop proposals for the further development of the law in order that it may ultimately
|
10654 | 2 | biotic record . we wish to document the nature of faunal change in the deep north atlantic acro
cross this critical interval in earth s climate history, and link the record of faunal change t |
10346 | 1 | nt insights into the demography, and co-evolution, of malaria and its hosts.
|
11407 | 10 | rough the benefits they can derive from ecosystem services. we know from previous studies, that
from previous studies, that many vital ecosystem services who will work with the project to as ork within their local contexts. forest ecosystems will be used to evaluate and development the ecosystems will be used to evaluate and development the framework within each region. the proje will contribute. this will lead to the production of a comparative analysis of the political e ve analysis of the political economy of ecosystem services for poverty alleviation, based on a ces for poverty alleviation, based on a review of the current literature. this will help to inf iterature. this will help to inform the development of the framework, as well as providing an e tribute to build the international espa community of practice, further enhancing the opportunit cipate in the wider espa programme. the development of this approach at the start of the main e |
11025 | 2 | pact on our understanding of titanosaur evolution, and will also have wider implications for st
ons for studies of mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems and extinctions. |
13606 | 2 | if this is a consequence of the extreme environment of the baltic sea, and how this affect the
r the forecast of a changing baltic sea environment. our results will be critical for managemen |
14837 | 7 | ch as darkness, high humidity, constant temperature and very limited food resources. in insects
ations are also known, such as high fat metabolism, extended lifetime, narrow temperature toler t metabolism, extended lifetime, narrow temperature tolerance or modified life cycles. in this e cycles. in this project we target the evolution of changes in life cycles of cave beetles, wh lts not only in adaptations to the cave environment but also to a change in the reproduction st monal control mechanisms regulating the development. in holometabolous insects the hormones reg s over the time of embryonic and larval development will be measured. since the profiling of th |
10717 | 8 | understanding the evolution of organismal complexity is fundamental to un
derstanding the evolution of organismal complexity is fundamental to understanding the evolutio ity is fundamental to understanding the evolution of biodiversity. the hypothesis that vertebra versity. the hypothesis that vertebrate complexity has increased through time, with increases l ntal problems. the view that vertebrate complexity increased through time is a subjective impre tiny. consequently, the hypothesis that complexity is linked to gene duplications is speculativ by conducting the first analysis of the evolution of complexity in early vertebrates. the first analysis of the evolution of complexity in early vertebrates. |
11718 | 3 | he project will investigate the role of mutualism and kin selection in the evolution of special
e of mutualism and kin selection in the evolution of specialised co-operative societies. using ions to co-operative activities and the distribution of cheating . |
10107 | 1 | bdomen the platform for studying immune function in the context of reproductive ecology.
|
1989 | 4 | ve males benefit either directly or via traits passed on to their offspring. one notable failin
r display. we will combine mathematical modelling with laboratory experiments on zebra finches resources between fixed, morphological traits and flexible, behavioural displays second, turni our as a rigid, pre-programmed suite of traits towards a more dynamic, state-dependent perspect |
10233 | 2 | inid dietary adaptations in response to climate and environmental change.
adaptations in response to climate and environmental change. |
10733 | 2 | inid dietary adaptations in response to climate and environmental change.
adaptations in response to climate and environmental change. |
11248 | 2 | inid dietary adaptations in response to climate and environmental change.
adaptations in response to climate and environmental change. |
9934 | 2 | inid dietary adaptations in response to climate and environmental change.
adaptations in response to climate and environmental change. |
11666 | 6 | to examine how female da influences the evolution of male sexual traits. theoretically, iges ca
influences the evolution of male sexual traits. theoretically, iges can influence the rate and/ influence the rate and/or direction of evolution and generate large time-lags in the response time-lags in the response of phenotypic traits to selection. despite the potential importance o test the importance of female da to the evolution of male sexual pheromones in the ovoviviparou volutionary trajectories of male sexual traits. |
10530 | 29 | currently, our marine ecosystems are threatened by a number of environmental
e parts of the ocean are running out of oxygen, creating so-called dead zones where no marine a y, it is not the first time that marine ecosystems have faced such threats. the fossil record s ocean circulation has slowed down, and oxygen-starved dead zones have expanded throughout the orld s oceans. understanding how marine ecosystems have been affected by past environmental cha e ecosystems have been affected by past environmental change, and in particular trying to find temperatures and decreasing amounts of oxygen, may help us predict how modern ecosystems will oxygen, may help us predict how modern ecosystems will respond today and how best to manage th anage the present crisis. modern marine ecosystems took millions of years to evolve. the animal s in ocean circulation and expansion of oxygen-poor dead zones - the very same threats facing m s - the very same threats facing modern ecosystems today. as early modern-style ecosystems appe ecosystems today. as early modern-style ecosystems appeared and evolved after the late permian ugh the mesozoic, they were struck by a succession of similar environmental catastrophes, with es, with similar combinations of global warming and expanding dead zones. all of these events c e first study of the effect that global warming, changes in ocean circulation, and expansion of ocean circulation, and expansion of the oxygen-starved dead zones had on these early modern mar zones had on these early modern marine ecosystems. we will determine, for the first time, how first time, how the structure of these ecosystems changed through time, and in particular how hether there been an improvement in the resistance of marine ecosystems to extinction and colla improvement in the resistance of marine ecosystems to extinction and collapse brought on by cha n and collapse brought on by changes in temperature, ocean circulation and available oxygen. we rature, ocean circulation and available oxygen. we will undertake these detailed studies to dis or the first time how the structure and function of marine ecosystems, from the seafloor to the ow the structure and function of marine ecosystems, from the seafloor to the ocean surface, res g scales: that environmental changes in temperature, ocean circulation and levels of dissolved ean circulation and levels of dissolved oxygen had on the structure, function and early evoluti dissolved oxygen had on the structure, function and early evolution of modern marine ecosystem ad on the structure, function and early evolution of modern marine ecosystems. on and early evolution of modern marine ecosystems. |
11228 | 4 | increased habitat exploitation and global travel mean that emergi
them. i will develop models of parasite evolution to consider their interactions in a community ion to consider their interactions in a community consisting of multiple host and parasite spec to control them in the face of parasite evolution. |
11487 | 4 | increased habitat exploitation and global travel mean that emergi
them. i will develop models of parasite evolution to consider their interactions in a community ion to consider their interactions in a community consisting of multiple host and parasite spec to control them in the face of parasite evolution. |
10121 | 1 | hange the composition of animals in the community. additionally as they can affect harmful as w
|
11048 | 1 | hange the composition of animals in the community. additionally as they can affect harmful as w
|
11567 | 1 | hange the composition of animals in the community. additionally as they can affect harmful as w
|
14554 | 2 | investigate the theories underlying the evolution of parental care, one of the most dynamic and
he role of parasitoids in favouring the evolution of parental care would be demonstrated, and i |
10645 | 9 | ne how genetic variation influences the evolution of biparental care in the burying beetle, nic
similar. we will also use experimental evolution to examine how care changes in both males and and females share a common genome, the evolution of traits that differ between the sexes, incl share a common genome, the evolution of traits that differ between the sexes, including behavio us with some insight into the limits to evolution of care. because we are using experimental ev care. because we are using experimental evolution, selecting on care, we will uncover unexpecte , we will uncover unexpected changes in traits that are linked with care and which may limit fu d with care and which may limit further evolution in natural populations. thus, our research wi help to explain the patterns we see in nature. |
13930 | 14 | project proposed here, i will study the evolution of virulence of borrelia burgdorferi s. l.; t
many other vector-borne pathogens, the abundance of b. burgdorferi s. l. is increasing as a re result of human-induced changes of the environment, for example global warming. the long-term of the environment, for example global warming. the long-term consequences for humans and wild for humans and wildlife of an increased abundance of a pathogen will not only depend on the inc evolves in response to this increase in abundance. an increased abundance of a pathogen is like his increase in abundance. an increased abundance of a pathogen is likely to result in that mor s have frequently been shown to lead to competition between co-infecting strains, and one of th dictions of current theory of virulence evolution is that competition selects for higher virule t theory of virulence evolution is that competition selects for higher virulence. thus, an incr or higher virulence. thus, an increased abundance of a pathogen can also be expected to lead to gen can also be expected to lead to the evolution of a more virulent pathogen. here, i will add ld help us predict and manage virulence evolution in response to environmental change. nage virulence evolution in response to environmental change. |
2020 | 10 | gnored so far. first, plasticity in the traits under divergent selection has been thoroughly ne
wn. second, the genetic architecture of traits under divergent selection is poorly known, but t the emphasis has been on morphological traits, whereas life-history traits are known to be clo phological traits, whereas life-history traits are known to be closely related to reproduction rent research by studying divergence in temperature plasticity across habitats and its conseque hoose to study population divergence in temperature plasticity of juvenile growth rate, and its e in temperature plasticity of juvenile growth rate, and its genetic basis in the springtail or n subtractive hybridization and linkage mapping to study the genetic architecture of temperatur ng to study the genetic architecture of temperature plasticity; and 3 spatially explicit modell re plasticity; and 3 spatially explicit modelling to demonstrate the wider applicability of my |
11179 | 1 | aimed at investigating the genetics and evolution of the mating system of the uk s most famous
|
14778 | 1 | hat generates relatedness asymmetry the competition between neighbor colonies and their degree
|
14925 | 3 | y some species are able to expand their distribution and occupy geographical areas under differ
atterns of range size distributions and modelling species ranges, there are few tested hypothes estricted and the other with widespread distribution, to try to detect possible differences in |
11668 | 4 | at they do. this project will develop a model system in which we can test many of the theories
t many of the theories of host parasite evolution. infectious disease agents such as viruses ty e parasite reproduces in the host. high growth rate leads to high transmission but also causes oneybee-mite-viral interaction as a new model system to provide one of the first empirical test |
10060 | 2 | le for learning in determining foraging efficiency, and ultimately survival and reproductive su
arning ability comes at a cost to other functional traits, for example competitive ability. thi |
11650 | 7 | ugh the adaptive significance of social dominance is a central theme in behavioural ecology, ra
y have the genetic bases of behavioural traits been studied in the wild. evolutionary theory pr wild. evolutionary theory predicts that traits related to social dominance may have relatively predicts that traits related to social dominance may have relatively low heritability due to p genetic analyses to test the idea that traits associated with social dominance are genetically idea that traits associated with social dominance are genetically variable yet less heritable t le yet less heritable than morphometric traits. these analyses will be based on the pedigree of |
11093 | 5 | to changing environmental conditions in nature is largely unknown. this project aims to test wh
t aims to test whether the responses to climate change observed in tamiasciurus hudsonicus over ection on the reaction norms of fitness traits. we will investigate the genetic mechanisms unde l conditions to alter the potential for evolution in the direction of expected climate change. evolution in the direction of expected climate change. these analyses will be based on the rec |
10853 | 2 | volutionary rate generated from the ams carbon-dated specimens, and related to known paleoecolo
first detailed view of the extinct top predators of new zealand, and will be important in unde |
14476 | 11 | the evolution of reptilian viviparity is thought to require
ngly longer egg retention and embryonic development in utero, and phylogenetic reconstruction r mediates postulated by the gradualistic model, ideally suited to study the evolution of live-be stic model, ideally suited to study the evolution of live-bearing : two australian scincids and ns of these species, represent the best model in which to study the evolution of viviparity. fo nt the best model in which to study the evolution of viviparity. for this reason we planed the ors and selective forces that favor the evolution of viviparity in reptiles. the present projec esent project aims to investigate, in a model organism that represents an advanced transitional s an advanced transitional stage in the evolution of live-bearing, the within- and among-popula l characteristics and the developmental environment. we will experimentally test some of the pr ng part of the adaptive scenario in the evolution of viviparity, and specifically those that pr |
14894 | 11 | the evolution of reptilian viviparity is thought to require
ngly longer egg retention and embryonic development in utero; phylogenetic reconstructions reve l stages postulated by the gradualistic model, ideally suited to study the evolution of live-be stic model, ideally suited to study the evolution of live-bearing , are very scarce; in fact, o ns of these species, represent the best model in which to study the evolution of viviparity. we nt the best model in which to study the evolution of viviparity. we proposed the present projec ors and selective forces that favor the evolution of viviparity in reptiles. the present projec esent project aims to investigate, in a model organism that represents an advanced transitional s an advanced transitional stage in the evolution of live-bearing, the within- and among-popula l characteristics and the developmental environment. we will experimentally test some of the pr taking part of the adaptive scenario of evolution of viviparity, and specifically those that pr |
2508 | 5 | f over-fishing, eutrophication, coastal development and climate change, and often bring with th
eutrophication, coastal development and climate change, and often bring with them substantial n llyfish detritus on benthic sedimentary ecosystem processes. through elucidating post-bloom pro lso further our understanding of marine ecosystem processes, specifically benthic-pelagic coupl ical and species-specific variation and climate change. |
11580 | 33 | the major cause of climate change is the atmospheric reintroduction via fo
fossil fuel burning of large amounts of carbon that has been buried underground for millions of years. once back in the atmosphere, the carbon-containing compounds absorb infrared radiation, radiation, which contributes to global warming. an effective way to limit the effects of globa tive way to limit the effects of global warming is through the removal of carbon containing com lobal warming is through the removal of carbon containing compounds, such as carbon dioxide to of carbon containing compounds, such as carbon dioxide to a range of different soils. we will t il, to calculate what proportion of the carbon from ch4 is retained in the soil. we can also li er soil microorganisms that utilise the carbon from methane as a source of food, and build up a oorganisms that utilise the carbon from methane as a source of food, and build up a picture of p a picture of the wider soil microbial food web. three different soil environments are going t to be studied in this work. the initial development work will study a landfill cover soil and f ntains extremely high concentrations of methane because as the organic waste in the landfill si degrades, it releases large amounts of methane. the methane permeates out to the atmosphere th releases large amounts of methane. the methane permeates out to the atmosphere through the soi oils oxidise a large proportion of this methane but the ultimate fate of this carbon they consu s methane but the ultimate fate of this carbon they consume is unknown. the fate of methane car on they consume is unknown. the fate of methane carbon in natural wetlands will also be studied consume is unknown. the fate of methane carbon in natural wetlands will also be studied. natura ds have organic rich soils that release methane in a similar way to landfill sites when the soi similar way to landfill sites when the soil organic matter degrades. we are going to study the ades. we are going to study the fate of carbon from this methane following consumption by metha g to study the fate of carbon from this methane following consumption by methanotrophic bacteri that will be used to assess the fate of carbon from methane in soils are a range of soil chrono used to assess the fate of carbon from methane in soils are a range of soil chronosequences. a a range of soil chronosequences. a soil chronosequence is a related set of soils that formed un that formed under similar conditions of vegetation, topography and climate. the length of time onditions of vegetation, topography and climate. the length of time over which the soils have d nly difference between the soils in the chronosequence. this will allow us to assess the relati to assess the relationship between soil development and the soil processes involved in carbon s ment and the soil processes involved in carbon sequestration. overall, the research will add a ension our understanding of the fate of carbon from one of the major green house gases as it is t is utilised and dispersed by the soil microbial community. |
10327 | 2 | lack of understanding of the fluid and sediment dynamics of these transitional flows, and thei
tify the influence of shear rate, yield stress, non-cohesive sand/silt particles and bed roughn |
6746 | 4 | ave just a few of information about its vegetation and flora now. getting to know more about th
ear croatian which can change the whole ecosystem in the region along the rivers. in addition t he rivers. in addition to the classical vegetation and flora surveys we are planning some long he gallery plant communities in natural succession. |
15003 | 2 | the function of nuptial coloration in lizards has been stud
ocused on females. in this project, the function of nuptial coloration in female spiny-footed l |
15340 | 4 | ctive measures of quantification of the functional diversity. these measures are based on funct
rs. we will evaluate the changes in the functional diversity along an ecological gradient hotsp gical gradient hotspoc of mediterranean vegetation, which included two protected areas, the par sures of conservation and management of ecosystems of protected areas and in the valuation of h |
10247 | 8 | most dramatic components of the earth s climate system. it provides around 80% of annual rainfa
and the interactions between them in a warming climate has not been properly addressed. this f interactions between them in a warming climate has not been properly addressed. this fellowshi on changes to the mean monsoon and its distribution, changes to its different timescales of va ow errors in our computer models of the climate system can affect the simulation of the monsoon nowned for its expertise in weather and climate research in the tropics. advanced techniques wi rmed using the met office hadley centre model on high performance supercomputing facilities to from this work will feed into the joint climate research programme, and regular contact with sc |
14215 | 10 | unities i.e. predictive rules governing community structure. the concept of limiting similarity
ecies/trait-based associations in small-scale plots. recent advances in functional ecology, and ional ecology, and data availability on species traits and phylogenetic relationships, has grea tructured in terms of species, taxa and functional groups is insufficient. i aim to examine if deterministic assembly rules influence community structure of herbaceous communities. methodol e species, phylogenetic relatedness and functional traits level. i am using a macroecological a rns of association are due to increased competition between functionally similar and/or related the detection of assembly rules at this scale will have important implications for predicting r responses of herbaceous communities to global change, understanding species invasions and comm ge, understanding species invasions and community restoration. |
6973 | 1 | rch has not been successful in the fine-mapping of complex, interactional effects of several ge
|
11400 | 1 | is especially important as the planet s climate is changing, because this is exposing animals t
|
10809 | 3 | mothers provide the resources and early environment in which young develop and are thus the mos
ining individual phenotypes. individual development is the result of own genotype on the level nal behaviours that modulate individual development can inform future research aiming to identi |
2487 | 7 | the natural environment of most natural plant and animal species is
ude environmental threats due to global warming, habitat fragmentation, and introduction of ali onmental threats due to global warming, habitat fragmentation, and introduction of alien specie nmental conditions. although short term evolution has been observed to occur, the genetic mecha omoting evolutionary changes of complex traits are little understood, in particular in natural focus on the genetic basis for adaptive evolution of complex traits, and hence contribute to th basis for adaptive evolution of complex traits, and hence contribute to the advancement of our |
10607 | 1 | ll seek principles influencing sequence evolution and determine roles of dna methylation and ge
|
11575 | 13 | ow much food there is available and the temperature. some of this variation may be predictable,
s variation may be predictable, such as temperature because of seasons. other aspects are less we have investigated how it arrests its development as an immature larva and how it alters its how it alters its reproduction when the environment changes. studying laboratory strains of thi larval arrest and reproduction when the environment changes. we think that these differences be ents. these responses to changes in the environment are controlled by genes and we have discove d adult reproduction can be affected by environmental change; that these changes differ between orm strains and that these responses to environmental change are controlled by relatively few r om the wild, respond in the same way to environmental change and whether these responses can be hink caenorhabditis elegans responds to environmental change in these ways are correct. this wo ow one well studied species responds to environmental change and the genes that control this. t ol this. this work is important because environmental change is a common feature of the life of nding this has some urgency because the environment of many organisms is changing, largely due |
10700 | 2 | ans there is a developmental choice and mapping the quantitative trait loci. we will also inves
is central to understanding genotype x environment interactions and how selection acts on them |
10926 | 3 | phytoplankton form the base of the food web in marine ecosystems and are responsible for m
form the base of the food web in marine ecosystems and are responsible for many of the biogeoch of the biogeochemical fluxes that drive climate change. for such an important group of organism |
14132 | 1 | ate the first nearly comprehensive high-density whole genome genetic variation data set of arct
|
11224 | 9 | ld. two of the fundamental processes in evolution are extinction where species die out, and spe
derstand these processes at present, as climate and environment change seem to be having a majo se processes at present, as climate and environment change seem to be having a major effect on imals and plants. one such place, where environmental change seems linked to both speciation an , we see a complex series of changes in climate, plants, sea-levels and glaciers, as well as th e large animals and the complexities of environmental change that is the focus of this project. nes are not very informative about fine-scale differences between populations. modern dna data , and compare this to environmental and climate changes. using new mathematical techniques, it d for in order to deal with the animals environment. by comparing mammoths with living elephant |
10149 | 1 | on in the plant genus senecio use large-scale chip-sequencing in a plant species. this work wil
|
11752 | 1 | on in the plant genus senecio use large-scale chip-sequencing in a plant species. this work wil
|
10193 | 4 | nging biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. pathogens are clearly a potentially import
ature on pathogens evolving to overcome resistance alleles in crop plants, we know remarkably l netic variation of pathogens in natural ecosystems and whether their variation drives and is dr nvestigate the extent of plant-virus co-evolution in wild forms of 2 diploid brassica species, |
10449 | 1 | the history of colonization of the deep sea by irregular echinoids wil
|
160 | 7 | of bog pine forests as a diverse living habitat complex in different parts of estonia; 2. to sp
l increment, and clarify the changes in growth trend; 3. to carry out the analysis of the bioma mposition of trees in the system tree - growth substrate. we shoulde investigate the accumulati help the interpretation of problems of growth and biomass formation of bog pines. the obtainab osystem in europe and the speciality of production of bog pine forests; 2. to explane specialit and necessity of regulation of mineral nutrients, to guarantee the increment of trees and impo forestry; 3. to estimate the state and development of bog pines, being essential biome in euro |
195 | 7 | it is very important for nature conservation managers to learn to recognize the
nderstand the rules that animals use in habitat selection and in making reproductive decisions. monstrated the existence of maladaptive habitat selection and reproductive behaviour in great t great tits breeding in a heterogeneous habitat system consisting of secondary deciduous woodla bly an ecological trap in the preferred habitat are the reasons for this. the following investi r this idea and revealed the persistent habitat-specific patterns of breeding behaviour in this esting passerines breeding in the above habitat system. |
14593 | 3 | ion includes a general reduction of the metabolism and the depression of the organic activity,
d during the periods of entry into, and recovery from, aestivation. the study will be performed f reduced vascular supply and decreased function. |
14216 | 5 | y is mainly influenced by environmental heterogeneity, and neutral theory, that suggests divers
f two main contrasting theories and the spatial scale at which these different growth-forms are spatial scale at which these different growth-forms are affected by environmental heterogeneit wth-forms are affected by environmental heterogeneity. the project will be carried out in the m tained will be useful to understand how scale influences seed dispersal, and thus species coexi |
9924 | 6 | osal aims to investigate the millennial-scale variability of the climate of eastern newfoundlan
the millennial-scale variability of the climate of eastern newfoundland using high resolution r abrador current and the gulf stream and climate archives from this area are critical to the und ea are critical to the understanding of climate variability in the whole of the north atlantic land by producing the first multi-proxy climate archives from peat. the records will be compare the records will be compared with ocean sediment records and european terrestrial data sets to |
14759 | 9 | oric factors and the human influence on ecosystems, we will: establish to what extent the natur
use an index combining human population density, the level of modification of the terrain, huma accessibility and the degree of use and development of electrification to estimate the extent o timate the extent of human influence on ecosystems. this index was mapped at the global scale i ms. this index was mapped at the global scale in 2002 with a resolution of 1km2. to define the we will take into account the number of habitat types in which each species is present and the species is present and the size of its distribution range, respectively. the data will be anal ill be analyzed with generalized lineal modelling techniques specifically developed for spatial ur knowledge of the latitudinal species richness gradient and contribute to strategies and init |
10205 | 7 | we will determine the nature of early rice agricultural systems in east and s
asily applied method for detecting rice ecosystems, whether or wild type, wetland paddy type or e wet rice fields produce quantities of methane, a better understanding of h0ow much wet rice c uman activities in modifying the global environment in prehistory. since methane is a greenhous global environment in prehistory. since methane is a greenhouse gas, it has been proposed that ltivation from 3000 bc began to elevate methane levels and cause global warming. our new method elevate methane levels and cause global warming. our new methods will allow us to test this hyp |
10440 | 2 | zone has been widely influential in the development of fundamental theory about reproductive is
understanding three diverse areas: the evolution of y-chromosomes, the extraordinary lability |
13521 | 2 | formed and by extension the process of evolution: slow and gradual or through bursts of intens
nd gradual or through bursts of intense evolution and speciation following hybridisation events |
12407 | 2 | to noise impacts. it will feed into the model being created under me5205. it may also aid in pr
es of year, coinciding with spawning or migration of certain marine species. |
10698 | 33 | re strong signals that suggest that our climate is changing. the emission of greenhouse gases,
the emission of greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, are changing global tempera eenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, are changing global temperatures and weather p atterns. the strong rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations over the last 100 years i lobal storage reservoir for atmospheric carbon dioxide. however, the transfer of this gas from on, play an important role in taking up carbon dioxide. upon their death, a part of their popul aters and sediments, and hence transfer carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to deep ocean enviro ean environments. in the deep ocean the carbon will remain for a long period of time, and there ortant long term storage reservoir. the growth of the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton is ver s and agricultural fields, they require nutrients to increase their growth rate. the nutrients hey require nutrients to increase their growth rate. the nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus ents to increase their growth rate. the nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus and trace metals heir growth rate. the nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus and trace metals like iron and zin h rate. the nutrients include nitrogen, phosphorus and trace metals like iron and zinc. these e surface waters that they limit optimal growth of photosynthesising organisms. an important tra sport route to the open ocean for these nutrients is the atmosphere. dust from the saharan dese al. the dust releases a small amount of nutrients after it is deposited in the surface ocean. t ed in the surface ocean. this supply of nutrients is essential for the growth of phytoplankton upply of nutrients is essential for the growth of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton as they re falling into the ocean, the amounts of nutrients that come off the dust, and the effects that ff the dust, and the effects that these nutrients have on the growth of organisms in the ocean. ffects that these nutrients have on the growth of organisms in the ocean. in addition, strong t he microscopic organisms by undertaking growth experiments in bottles whereby we add a small am eshly collected seawater and follow the growth of the organisms in the bottles. we will also se st. on the island we will determine the nutrients and metals which are delivered by the dust. w measure the effect that the release of nutrients from the dust has on the marine ecosystem in trients from the dust has on the marine ecosystem in the sea, at a mooring site close to the is ips between nutrient supply by dust and growth by phytoplankton and bacterioplankton. the study of the influence of saharan dust on the growth of oceanic plants and bacteria, and how the spor ants and bacteria, and how the sporadic nature of the dust inputs affects the ecosystems. the o c nature of the dust inputs affects the ecosystems. the outcomes of this research study will co eanic organisms play in the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the ocean, an equently the way they can influence our climate. |
11316 | 11 | most scientists agree that sea temperature increases due to global climate change have
sea temperature increases due to global climate change have already caused mass mortality of co climate change have already caused mass mortality of corals throughout the tropics over the las the last 5-10 years. given the current climate change predictions from organisations like the ll cause the complete collapse of these ecosystems within only a few decades. these estimates m hese increases in disease are linked to climate change and we aim here to test whether temperat change and we aim here to test whether temperature stress increases a corals susceptibility to we aim here to test whether temperature stress increases a corals susceptibility to disease by susceptibility to disease by monitoring indicators of health, antimicrobial defences and bacter h, antimicrobial defences and bacterial community structure and function. there are other possi s and bacterial community structure and function. there are other possible causes of the record |
11689 | 11 | this proposal falls within the ecology hydrology funding initiative. the lead ceh science prog
ronmental informatics programme and the climate change cross-cutting theme there is an emerging ity of animal species are responding to climate change, and that many species are at risk of ex species are at risk of extinction from climate warming. the main metrics of change reported in are at risk of extinction from climate warming. the main metrics of change reported in the sci governmental reports are changes in the phenology will have shown decreases in the range of hab d data to examine relationships between habitat use and species survival in order to investigat stigate the factors influencing species habitat associations. the project will produce results ew avenue of research on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. it will provide specifi s need to be protected, and whether the habitat management that is currently being applied is s . conservation strategies must adapt to climate change, but conservationists are uncertain abou |
11845 | 11 | this proposal falls within the ecology hydrology funding initiative. the lead ceh science prog
ronmental informatics programme and the climate change cross-cutting theme there is an emerging ity of animal species are responding to climate change, and that many species are at risk of ex species are at risk of extinction from climate warming. the main metrics of change reported in are at risk of extinction from climate warming. the main metrics of change reported in the sci governmental reports are changes in the phenology will have shown decreases in the range of hab d data to examine relationships between habitat use and species survival in order to investigat stigate the factors influencing species habitat associations. the project will produce results ew avenue of research on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. it will provide specifi s need to be protected, and whether the habitat management that is currently being applied is s . conservation strategies must adapt to climate change, but conservationists are uncertain abou |
12618 | 1 | nd, safeguarding our soils the land use climate change report to the welsh assembly government.
|
10596 | 3 | n and settlement. the project continues development of new science, combined pb-. sr- and o-iso
selected early medieval case studies. b evaluation of lead exposure in pre-metallurgical societ inement of the current approach and the development of more advanced and robust techniques. |
10921 | 6 | the world s climate affects us all, and we depend upon accurate sci
measurements and models to predict how climate will change and how we might reduce or cope wit ope with the changes. changes in global temperature, light and weather patterns are due to incr ospheric constituents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulp uents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulphide. the concen ict how they might change in a changing environment. results from the project will be made avai |
11054 | 6 | the world s climate affects us all, and we depend upon accurate sci
measurements and models to predict how climate will change and how we might reduce or cope wit ope with the changes. changes in global temperature, light and weather patterns are due to incr ospheric constituents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulp uents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulphide. the concen ict how they might change in a changing environment. results from the project will be made avai |
11797 | 6 | the world s climate affects us all, and we depend upon accurate sci
measurements and models to predict how climate will change and how we might reduce or cope wit ope with the changes. changes in global temperature, light and weather patterns are due to incr ospheric constituents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulp uents and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and dimethylsulphide. the concen ict how they might change in a changing environment. results from the project will be made avai |
10321 | 4 | ers to many fundamental questions about evolution: how do new groups originate, how are complex
c hypotheses relating to the origin and evolution of major groups. more broadly, they will enab f the fossil record. by quantifying the scale and distribution of these problems, we can refine il record. by quantifying the scale and distribution of these problems, we can refine and radic |
12568 | 5 | he eu has therefore implemented the eel recovery regulation which requires members states to de
requires members states to develop eel recovery plans. these plans must take account of the fa of the factors that may be reducing eel production below the levels expected in the absence of diffuse pollutants that may be limiting production of eels populations and to support the devel of eels populations and to support the development of management options and conservation meas |
11293 | 5 | verall impact of clouds and aerosols on carbon sequestration and evapotranspiration at the vege
nd aerosols on carbon sequestration and evapotranspiration at the vegetated land-surface. never since the 1990s, on global and regional carbon, water and energy exchange. the feasibility stud n global and regional carbon, water and energy exchange. the feasibility study that we conduct mming exerts a comparable impact on the carbon cycle as that associated with human-induced foss |
11195 | 2 | virus, the other a parasitoid wasp. the environment can be varied by changing the quality of th
lity of the moth s food and by changing temperature. since the virus and the wasp attack the ho |
2007 | 9 | the marine environment is especially suitable to detect and track
able to detect and track the effects of global change on biodiversity. because of the systems h . because of the systems heat capacity, global change will affect the biota slowly, therefore t long term. it was expected that global warming would result in higher temperatures of the sea result of changing water temperatures. climate changes may also favour exotic invading species ical diversity and its consequences for productivity may have considerable economic impact. the ique archive to detect the influence of climate changes on biological diversity. however, diver in order to study the relation between climate change and variations in biodiversity. in parti of invading species on biodiversity and ecosystem functions. |
10680 | 3 | es attack the plant and their impact on growth, survival and reproduction has been quantified u
s. our previous theoretical work on the evolution of flowering strategies has indicated several to quantify these effects. a variety of modelling approaches will be used, including simple ana |
10780 | 3 | interactions between biotic factors on population dynamics. this is an important issue, as it
ssue, as it will help us understand how climate change and management will interact to influenc d management will interact to influence abundance and dynamics. in britain, these studies are b |
11307 | 3 | interactions between biotic factors on population dynamics. this is an important issue, as it
ssue, as it will help us understand how climate change and management will interact to influenc d management will interact to influence abundance and dynamics. in britain, these studies are b |
12145 | 2 | ive mollusk dreissena polymorpha on the ecosystem wide biogeochemical processes. the role and t
is mollusc dominated communities on the ecosystem provided goods and services. finally the proj |
11822 | 2 | re tiny . the resulting response of the community will then be monitored to detect a response o
r two seasons will confirm the temporal development of these features. |
13985 | 3 | g experiments. i will use tree ferns as model organisms. the overwhelming majority of plant bio
landscape the potential for successful recruitment after long-distance dispersal determine the the relative vulnerability of ferns to climate change. |
11612 | 7 | ing of fossil fuel for the provision of energy and world energy demand is forecast to rise at a
l for the provision of energy and world energy demand is forecast to rise at an average of 1.7% . this burning of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide and the whole marine ecosystem. this pro ces carbon dioxide and the whole marine ecosystem. this proposal aims to investigate the potent potential impact of decreasing seawater ph on the coastal sediment ecosystem; its processes, bi f decreasing seawater ph on the coastal sediment ecosystem; its processes, biodiversity and hea ing seawater ph on the coastal sediment ecosystem; its processes, biodiversity and health of ke |
11553 | 14 | lead to increased levels of antibiotic resistance in environmental bacteria, carried on highly
uaternary ammonium compounds. spread of resistance genes occurs by horizontal gene transfer, a transfer, a non-darwinian mechanism of evolution, in that it allows transfer of genes from one er than parent to offspring. antibiotic resistance gene-transfer from environmental bacteria to ns can produce selection for antibiotic resistance or the mobile elements which allow their dis s is a reservoir of emerging antibiotic resistance genes, to detect novel clinically significan ovel clinically significant beta-lactam resistance genes and the presence of resistant opportun ntribution of man made pollution to the evolution of antibiotic resistance. research will utili ollution to the evolution of antibiotic resistance. research will utilise the molecular microbi nical microbiology, specifically in the evolution of 3gc resistance of professor hawkey from th y, specifically in the evolution of 3gc resistance of professor hawkey from the university of b discovery and characterisation of novel resistance genes in environmental reservoirs will provi e pharmaceutical industry to aid in the development of strategies to combat resistance in the f the development of strategies to combat resistance in the future. |
14643 | 3 | tatic effects at all possible levels of complexity. the joint action of mutation, natural selec
l be carried out to obtain an empirical evaluation of the impact of selection and drift on the bility and of its covariance with other traits. |
175 | 5 | ts with residual trees are treated as a model system, enabling also direct practical implicatio
a cross-sectional study to quantify the community differences between clear-cuts and old stands dy in 2002-2004, and the compilation of review articles on the biodiversity effects of residual ternational peer-reviewed journals; one ph.d. thesis and one m.sc. thesis will be completed, an s will be completed, and one additional ph.d. thesis will be partly financed. the results can b |
12686 | 1 | r through direct interaction or through competition for nest sites and resources. the results w
|
12249 | 4 | ernment has taken steps to increase the production and use of biofuels. the benefits of biofuel
m this research could be used to inform production of other biofuel species, such as miscanthus sity and soil protection, and policy on climate change through studies of alternative energy cr e change through studies of alternative energy crops. |
11222 | 3 | here gene dynamics may critically shape evolution, is poorly understood. i will examine genetic
een exceptionally buffered from radical habitat shifts. microsatellites will be used to analyse f group size, roosting habits and local distribution on genetic differentiation at the landscap |
13489 | 10 | ity of ecological communities depend on species interactions and properties of the abiotic envi
eractions and properties of the abiotic environment. previous research has shown that both top- processes are important determinants of ecosystem structures, but their relative impacts depend s, but their relative impacts depend on ecosystem productivity. the main objective of this proj ir relative impacts depend on ecosystem productivity. the main objective of this project is to s project is to investigate how swedish predator communities in different bioclimatic regions h tic regions have been affected by large-scale climate variation, using data from the official s gions have been affected by large-scale climate variation, using data from the official swedish cial swedish statistics for statistical modelling and time series analyses. this project will p esearch aimed at grasping the extent of ecosystem change caused by anthropogenic alterations of |
12569 | 3 | also be used to inform decisions on the development of water quality monitoring programmes that
e data required to safeguard freshwater ecosystems in a changing environment. there are no aspe ard freshwater ecosystems in a changing environment. there are no aspects that may be considere |
10050 | 23 | the availability and sustainability of ecosystem services. however, achieving social and econo
however, achieving social and economic development goals often requires ecosystem users and ma onomic development goals often requires ecosystem users and managers to make trade-offs between acting on services gained. in addition, ecosystem changes and natural resource management decis experienced a significant change to the ecosystem services they receive due to the construction eliant on the floodplain and associated ecosystem services which in turn are vulnerable to abus . the proposed study aims to assess the ecosystem services that contribute to human welfare on er the impacts of their actions on both ecosystem functioning and human wellbeing. to achieve t tudy will identify and categorise those ecosystem services produced by the system before and af e elements of wellbeing for the pongola community. indicators and measures to represent the sta of wellbeing for the pongola community. indicators and measures to represent the state of these easures to represent the state of these ecosystems and human wellbeing will then be selected. t selected. this will include an economic evaluation of the ecosystem services and water/land pro l include an economic evaluation of the ecosystem services and water/land productivity of the s f the ecosystem services and water/land productivity of the system both before and after constr of wellbeing supported and affected by ecosystem services and similarly human activities which d human wellbeing. information from the indicators will be analysed to determine the current st inally, governance drivers which impact ecosystem services important to wellbeing will be ident ited use and understanding of wellbeing-ecosystem service information by management authorities ndrance to the successful management of ecosystem services and the improvement of human wellbei ddress many of the impacts of decreased ecosystem services such as reduced agricultural potenti improve understanding of the impacts on ecosystem services and the complex links to human wellb nce, the project seeks to contribute to ecosystem conservation and improved human welfare, not |
13791 | 9 | ests play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, being considered an important carbon sink
on cycle, being considered an important carbon sink. yet their net carbon exchange response to an important carbon sink. yet their net carbon exchange response to environmental change is a m t their net carbon exchange response to environmental change is a major uncertainty, with a par ical mycelia will detect changes in the decomposition or storage of new and old c. sequential h and old c. sequential harvest of emm in-growth mesh-tubes together with ergosterol and fatty ac and fatty acids analysis will give its production and turnover, for mycelia production. the re ts production and turnover, for mycelia production. the results from this project will be highl will be highly relevant for global and ecosystem models of c cycling in forests. |
11077 | 7 | ic diversity helps maintain ecm species richness and vice versa. these will be tested by constr
able us to test the effects of resource heterogeneity on the performance of the model ecosystem heterogeneity on the performance of the model ecosystems. we will combine molecular analyses of geneity on the performance of the model ecosystems. we will combine molecular analyses of the f ine how the communities differ in plant productivity, soil co2 efflux, fungal biomass and nitro ty, soil co2 efflux, fungal biomass and nitrogen and carbon leaching. this project will establi efflux, fungal biomass and nitrogen and carbon leaching. this project will establish the extent |
11772 | 9 | in order to survive in the natural environment, microorganisms must be able to cope with s
able to cope with stresses arising from environmental change and perturbation. sources of envir perturbation. sources of environmental stress include both natural environmental pressures ste l environmental pressures stemming from climate fluctuations and occasional exposure to harmful hibit increased levels of non-genotypic heterogeneity compared to those from areas with low str y compared to those from areas with low stress. in particular, we plan to investigate the chara he possible importance of non-genotypic heterogeneity for the survival of species during enviro eity for the survival of species during environmental change. this will help greatly in our und w microorganisms survive in the natural environment, and how they may react to harmful changes |
11187 | 8 | hanisms underpinning this non-genotypic heterogeneity. a major resultant hypothesis - yet to be
nd survival of organisms in the natural environment. our long-term goal is to examine whether n oal is to examine whether non-genotypic heterogeneity does indeed have a significant role in na does indeed have a significant role in nature. the aim of this short project is to determine w t is to determine whether non-genotypic heterogeneity is important in cell survival in differen important in cell survival in different model laboratory systems subjected to a range of enviro eal environments. this will involve the development of a novel phenotype reversion test based o heritable. success here will allow the development of a longer-term programme of research, wit |
13975 | 15 | diversity and process rates in aquatic ecosystems. most experimental evidence for biodiversity
al evidence for biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning has come from terrestrial ecosyst m functioning has come from terrestrial ecosystems and has focused on single trophic level prim level primary producers. however, since predation is one of the major factors influencing prey e of the major factors influencing prey population dynamics evaluating impacts of biodiversity luating impacts of biodiversity loss on ecosystem function requires expanding the scope of curr cope of current research to multi level food webs. in this project i will specifically study if priate antipredator defenses when a new predator is added to a foodweb. i will study consequenc b. i will study consequences of this on ecosystem process rates . i will also test non-lethal e also test non-lethal effects of fish on decomposition processes. i will determine how many gene o evolve an adapted response to the new predator, which may lead to a possible co-existence. i xistence. i will also determine species richness and process rates in multiple ponds that diffe rates in multiple ponds that differ in predator regimes. by providing a testable conceptual fr testable conceptual framework involving predator naive prey species, this project could potenti also species invasions on diversity and ecosystem processes in aquatic systems. |
1954 | 6 | for wide array of traits such as flower display, nectar production rates,
f traits such as flower display, nectar production rates, sex allocation, sex ratio and defence le we want to study selection on nectar production rate for plants with high npr and that plant pr do not have the costs of high nectar production they will have a fitness advantage within pa f the large genetic variation in nectar production we found for e. vulgare. despite its importa e, we know as yet very little about how distribution patterns and evolutionary processes intera |
189 | 9 | cotylus truncatus it is forming a mixed community on the sea bottom of the bay. the ratio of do
c. truncatus in different parts of the community is different. since the begin of commercial h f. lumbricalis in 1966 the state of the community has been monitored regularly. these regular i re mostly connected with description of distribution and biomass of commercial stock. meanwhile to explain differences in the share and distribution pattern between similarly adapted species fferent parts of this loose-lying algal community. main goal of this work will be the evaluatio ity. main goal of this work will be the evaluation of environmental factors on dominating speci nating species in loose-lying red algal community - f. lumbricalis and c. truncatus and to work c. truncatus and to work out ecological model of kassari bay. the work is planned for 3 years. |
13881 | 2 | netic and environmental factors such as predation determine whether small and fragmented popula
vital for preserving dunlins and other indicators of biodiversity in the agricultural landscap |
10640 | 8 | of the major factors influencing river ecosystems is disturbance, particularly that related to
at related to flooding. floods maintain ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, in ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the bi stem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of r ity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of rivers trait nd biota in rivers. the biota of rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilienc f rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity pro confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity providing the potential for more ref |
9982 | 8 | of the major factors influencing river ecosystems is disturbance, particularly that related to
at related to flooding. floods maintain ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, in ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the bi stem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of r ity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of rivers trait nd biota in rivers. the biota of rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilienc f rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity pro confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity providing the potential for more ref |
9980 | 8 | of the major factors influencing river ecosystems is disturbance, particularly that related to
at related to flooding. floods maintain ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, in ecosystem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the bi stem diversity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of r ity and redistribute energy, nutrients, sediment and biota in rivers. the biota of rivers trait nd biota in rivers. the biota of rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilienc f rivers traits of the taxa that confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity pro confer resistance and resilience and of habitat complexity providing the potential for more ref |
10772 | 3 | ersity through a combined empirical and modelling approach. the genetic structure of sediment b
ling approach. the genetic structure of sediment bound propagules and of populations from diffe from propagule banks. stage structured model simulations will identify key parameters that inf |
10997 | 3 | ersity through a combined empirical and modelling approach. the genetic structure of sediment b
ling approach. the genetic structure of sediment bound propagules and of populations from diffe from propagule banks. stage structured model simulations will identify key parameters that inf |
9969 | 3 | ersity through a combined empirical and modelling approach. the genetic structure of sediment b
ling approach. the genetic structure of sediment bound propagules and of populations from diffe from propagule banks. stage structured model simulations will identify key parameters that inf |
10180 | 7 | ocean salinity is a key variable in the reconstruction of pas
develop new proxies to reconstruct past salinity at greater precision than presently possible. is work will also test the influence of salinity on existing trace-metal proxies such as the mg meter. systematic relationships between salinity and trace-metals in inorganically grown carbon rown carbonates suggest that a biogenic salinity signal will also exist. this signal will be in red sea, both spanning a wide range of salinity. changes in fractionation of li, mg, and ca is sults will be made with observation and modelling techniques. |
10681 | 5 | in acid deposition. instead, lake water ph variations can be linked to changes in the north atl
ds of lake acidification and post 1980s recovery can also be linked to nao variation. we aim to aim to compare high temporal resolution sediment diatom analysis and ph reconstruction with ins resolution sediment diatom analysis and ph reconstruction with instrumental nao records. our ap ake acidity, and may also offer a novel climate reconstruction tool. |
10208 | 1 | s is a relatively small fraction of the land cover, the hydrological impact of this cover might
|
6949 | 3 | the end-permian biotic catastrophe, the recovery of the marine ecosystems was a complex and lon
catastrophe, the recovery of the marine ecosystems was a complex and long-lasting process durin t is aimed at the taxonomy, and complex evaluation of the middle triassic radiolaria, ammonoide |
13458 | 4 | ed sustainable chemistry, for pheromone production. lipid insect pheromone components and long-
nvestigated and optimized for pheromone production by the production of engineered enzymes thro timized for pheromone production by the production of engineered enzymes through site-directed ongterm vision is to design tailor-made production of any moth pheromone component in yeast. th |
14193 | 16 | recent decades. human induced drainage, climate change, fire events and isolation of peatlands
resulted in the disturbance of natural development of a bog ecosystem. water level is among th urbance of natural development of a bog ecosystem. water level is among the main factors affect erties of organic soils and thereby the growth of plant species in bog ecosystems. scots pine t reby the growth of plant species in bog ecosystems. scots pine the relationships between scots transpiration, leaf morphology and root growth are dependent on bog prevailing bog wl depth. un f scots pine are limited mainly by root growth. if prevailing wl declines beyond this threshold . if prevailing wl declines beyond this threshold, leaf morphology sets limits to transpiration y sets limits to transpiration and root growth. the more thorough understanding about the relat tanding about the relationships between hydrology and tree morphology and physiological activit es valuable new information about plant stress tolerances and plant-organic soil interactions i t-organic soil interactions in specific habitat conditions. the results are important for bog e ions. the results are important for bog ecosystems sustaining, restoring and for determining th r determining the possible responses to climate change, also for modeling water movement dynami e responses to climate change, also for modeling water movement dynamics on temperate bog ecosy ater movement dynamics on temperate bog ecosystems. |
7172 | 10 | èche and the hérault montpelliérais up. habitat x. derbentina was characterized more precisely
dividuals infantile. such opportunistic behavior, added to a demographic potential is likely to erbent to. . this is largely due to the behavior of x. derbentina during aestivation, that is t erching reflex. individuals that summer vegetation can be easily unhooked from the holder after tested across a landscape: a comparable habitat, populations x. derbentina are not randomly dis ignificant relationship between species richness and abundance of x. derbent to. species divers lationship between species richness and abundance of x. derbent to. species diversity decreases montre survey x. derbentina, due to its abundance and behavior, is not"a snail like the others" x. derbentina, due to its abundance and behavior, is not"a snail like the others", and that its ion often attributed to a"disruption of nature" |
14812 | 16 | salinity is currently one of the most severe abiotic fa
e abiotic factors limiting agricultural production. the high rates of population growth and glo roduction. the high rates of population growth and global warming are expected to further exace h rates of population growth and global warming are expected to further exacerbate the threat o ted to further exacerbate the threat of salinity, especially in areas with a semi-arid climate y, especially in areas with a semi-arid climate as in the mediterranean region. salinity affect climate as in the mediterranean region. salinity affects plant performance through the developm y affects plant performance through the development of osmotic stress and disruption of ion hom ance through the development of osmotic stress and disruption of ion homeostasis, which in turn same specie vary in their tolerance to salinity. this tolerance are genetically determined and to obtain some basic information on the salinity tolerance. we will use three salinity tolerant e salinity tolerance. we will use three salinity tolerant glycophyte species . we will characte hyte species . we will characterize the growth and germination of this species in saline and no proline, polyamines and ethylene in the salinity tolerance in order to determine the relative i ines content, to discover whether these growth regulators are able to induce salinity tolerance se growth regulators are able to induce salinity tolerance. |
2191 | 3 | for timber and pulp, and remaining old-growth stands occur isolated in a matrix of managed for
a group of species . in addition, tree mortality will be studied in a larger number of small o studied in a larger number of small old-growth plots in a particular landscape. |
14188 | 2 | hat our results will be integral to the development of prescriptions for disease management, in
s for disease management, including the development of a risk assessment and preliminary advice |
10076 | 12 | have been just as serious at the local scale: close study of the rock succession in china show
he local scale: close study of the rock succession in china shows that more than 90% of species mid triassic, a time span of 15-20 myr. ecosystems on land in the russian successions had not a ered their pre-extinction diversity and complexity. it s important to understand the ptb crisis e ptb crisis since many features of the climate crisis model are being repeated today: release nce many features of the climate crisis model are being repeated today: release of gases and ac release of gases and acid rain, global warming over hundreds of years, stagnant waters, and st the two crises what was the pattern of ecosystem collapse is there evidence for ecological or land, and how do these compare with the scale of the marine crisis what was the nature of the r scale of the marine crisis what was the nature of the recovery through the early and middle tri arine crisis what was the nature of the recovery through the early and middle triassic, in term terms of rebuilding total diversity and ecosystems |
6963 | 2 | llected data processing and analysis. b production of new rootstocks. the rootstock breeding pr
y the ministry of agriculture and rural development. |
11142 | 4 | habitats around them by the exchange of nutrients, detritus and organisms. most investigations
fluenced by inputs from the terrestrial environment, but more recent work has identified the po e of flows of material from the aquatic habitat to the adjacent terrestrial , and so affect the estrial , and so affect the terrestrial food web in different ways. |
12579 | 2 | sound scientific base for the continued development of policies on soil protection where heavy
r se on soil fertility and agricultural productivity. |
2192 | 2 | about this interaction between man and nature generates new interest in forest conservation am
ser groups is needed. therefore special stress will be put upon research communication with sch |
12578 | 2 | sound scientific base for the continued development of policies on soil protection where sludge
ions on soil fertility and agricultural productivity. |
11289 | 6 | pread and play an important role in the evolution of many behaviours and traits. in birds, for
in the evolution of many behaviours and traits. in birds, for example, sexual conflict, parent- ches, we will experimentally manipulate competition within broods by creating synchronous and a important determinant in the outcome of competition for food delivered by parents and as hatchi ring conflict on variation in offspring growth strategies while controlling for genetic differe longer term effects of this conflict on traits that influence offspring fecundity. this will ad |
6903 | 1 | ll by quantitative pcr and assess their function as surrogate markers for igvh mutation status
|
10348 | 13 | it is well-known that the earth s climate is currently in a time of fast change, which it
osphere. it is also well-known that the distribution of at least some species is limited by the t they can only live in areas where the climate is suitable. temperature may be especially impo in areas where the climate is suitable. temperature may be especially important for ectotherms, not physiologically regulate their body temperature. it follows that changes in climate might l temperature. it follows that changes in climate might lead to changes in the distribution of sp in climate might lead to changes in the distribution of species as some areas become more suita understand how species will respond to temperature changes. however, at the moment there are m re many aspects of species responses to temperature change that we don t understand. for exampl ons of a species respond differently to temperature changes depending on whether or not they ar hey are near the limits to that species distribution. these are the questions that this grant w s grant will address, using aphids as a model system. aphids are useful study organisms because ead crop diseases, so their response to climate change could have significant implications for |
1968 | 3 | nd why is there such a strong effect of temperature. population number of the winter moth varie
variation. we will develop a population model including the genetic population structure, varia st and egg hatching. the outcome of the model will be verified by estimating population numbers |
11229 | 1 | ive genetic variation in preferred male traits , despite strong sexual selection.
|
11386 | 1 | ive genetic variation in preferred male traits , despite strong sexual selection.
|
11279 | 5 | tested for direct interactions with the environment. this studentship will address this gap in
e have applied established experimental evolution protocols to the mediterranean fruit fly mati excellent models for understanding how evolution works. this studentship will therefore apply ity areas for terrestrial research into evolution and the environment via the exploitation of g estrial research into evolution and the environment via the exploitation of genome and post-gen |
10888 | 18 | usually at the coast. they are valuable ecosystems, providing wood for fuel and timber, habitat
ms, providing wood for fuel and timber, habitat for fish, birds and invertebrates and physical n and storm surges. mangroves also trap carbon from the atmosphere in the form of peat, which i agement should ensure that below-ground carbon stocks are maintained and that the emission of g th focused on a better understanding of carbon cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in mangrove ed cutting, which reproduces on a small scale the commercial cutting that has started again in hat has started again in kenya, affects carbon stored below the ground and greenhouse gas emiss ors of importance to a healthy mangrove ecosystem such as the communities of fish and crabs tha ve there. 2 to determine the sources of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that are lost that are lost from the soil in mangrove ecosystems - for example, whether this is coming mostly whether this is coming mostly from the respiration of the roots or from decomposition of organ om the respiration of the roots or from decomposition of organic matter in the soil. we will al n of the roots or from decomposition of organic matter in the soil. we will also determine the in the soil. we will also determine the productivity of mangrove roots, allowing us to estimate ow quickly such roots can grow and trap carbon. in addition to these main aims, we will also be e the greenhouse gas emissions and root decomposition in these with control forested plots. by ith control forested plots. by studying stable isotopes, natural chemical markers in the gases, ability of the mangrove forests to trap sediment and to retain a stable height above sea level. |
12416 | 1 | chers to mccip, ukmmas and the wider eu community.
|
7282 | 3 | oject aims to define a project scope on incentives for forest biodiversity. this is to identify
nship between monetary and non-monetary incentives that weigh on decisions about forest managem they fit and suitability for individual behavior |
14209 | 6 | ainly caused by the extensive inflow of organic matter from the catchment, which may enhance re
r from the catchment, which may enhance respiration rate could prevail depending on the environ dom stimulate net heterotrophy, and the ecosystem metabolism is also sensitive to changes in fo abolism is also sensitive to changes in food webs. we hypothesise that in võrtsjärv the balance lance between gpp and r is sensitive to climate-mediated wl changes that largely controls exter t largely controls external loading and ecosystem processes. |
6999 | 15 | act of virus induced lysis on bacterial production and its consequences, it certainly contribut
he functioning of marine and freshwater ecosystems. . however, most processes describing the fu alidity in the adjacent shallow aerobic sediment systems, and there is a total lack of investig such relationships do not exist for the community members in aquatic sediments and that a new c odels on the direction and magnitude of energy flow in sediment systems or b there is a general rection and magnitude of energy flow in sediment systems or b there is a general lack of data c structure and rate measurements of the microbial community in sediment environments and that n surements of the microbial community in sediment environments and that no satisfying experiment op hypothesis and will concentrate on i predation of prototzoa on bacteria and protozoan driven t is the role of virus induced lysis of sediment bacteria and is the viral impact a controlling mpact a controlling force for bacterial production, iii what is the fate of bacterial productio tion, iii what is the fate of bacterial production if the above mentioned compartments do not r trolling bacterial, protozoan and viral production, or else, do we have to figure out a new car or else, do we have to figure out a new carbon pathway in the sediment system. the proposed stu figure out a new carbon pathway in the sediment system. the proposed study represents a first |
11753 | 1 | in marine animals, in stark contrast to model organisms. to address this, rna from nereis viren
|
10830 | 1 | tral role in nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. this project aim to elucidate the molecular
|
11515 | 3 | igorously. these include changes in the sediment minerals from the oxidation of arsenic-rich py
llow us to develop a detailed molecular-scale picture of the impact of microbial metabolism on cale picture of the impact of microbial metabolism on the aqueous and mineral-bound forms of ar |
9862 | 3 | igorously. these include changes in the sediment minerals from the oxidation of arsenic-rich py
llow us to develop a detailed molecular-scale picture of the impact of microbial metabolism on cale picture of the impact of microbial metabolism on the aqueous and mineral-bound forms of ar |
6983 | 6 | many ecosystems, and as a consequence their floral component
high diversity environments show higher productivity and co 2 ; absorption capacity. an importa se are considered to be able to provide nutrients for the plant and therefore it is of major co ants. several site parameters like soil ph, total and plant available p content, soil water con ble p content, soil water content, bulk density and plant p content are determined as well in o der to provide an overall view over the environment and the p nutrition of the plants investiga |
9826 | 2 | ides excellent proxies of oceanography, climate change, biodiversity and evolutionary processes
lecular evidence for modes and rates of evolution and assess the dynamics of cryptic biodiversi |
2475 | 18 | the life history strategies of individual fish determine th
gies of individual fish determine their growth potential and reproductive output. thus, the lif tial and reproductive output. thus, the life history strategy determines the stocks dynamics an he potential yield that it can sustain. life history traits directly affecting the schedules of yield that it can sustain. life history traits directly affecting the schedules of growth, surv its directly affecting the schedules of growth, survival, and reproduction, and are influenced mography, and external forcing from the environment. with exploitation over a longer period of xert similar influences on dynamics and productivity of exploited fish stocks as caused by chan tifying skipped spawning will allow the development of more realistic population dynamic models kipped spawning and age, condition, and environment in recently collected data, backed up by th ly collected data, backed up by theory, life history models, and otolith analyses. from the oto pping is solely related to insufficient energy reserves or if, as predicted by models, can also be caused by an increased investment in growth. second, we will document the historic occurrenc anagement of skipped spawning and other life history changes that affect stock reproductive pot ffect stock reproductive potential, egg production, and ultimately recruitment. recent life his tential, egg production, and ultimately recruitment. recent life history models indicate that h ion, and ultimately recruitment. recent life history models indicate that highly exploited fish volutionary change due to the selective mortality. |
13863 | 2 | this proposal we aim to study olfactory function and host seeking behavior in culex pipiens, a
udy olfactory function and host seeking behavior in culex pipiens, a common species in scandina |
10055 | 9 | age, a progression called ontogeny. for traits involved in defense against herbivores, these on
tic patterns are key aspects of natural community dynamics, driving interactions between plants en plants and herbivores. plant defense traits include toxic chemicals and physical barriers, s that deter herbivores, as well as plant traits that reduce the negative impacts of herbivores, . ontogenetic patterns in plant defense traits are common and have been documented in over 60 p ifferences among plant species in their life history strategies , and dr. koricheva s expertise gies , and dr. koricheva s expertise in meta-analysis and graphical vector analysis. this resea ontribution to our understanding of the evolution of plant defense by elucidating the role of o ing the role of ontogeny in defense and herbivory. |
10835 | 2 | critical time of extreme morphological development within the clade. by the end of the ordovic
on. by contrast the ordovician sees the development of widespread biomineralisation characteris |
6905 | 2 | fauna of the characteristic, endangered habitat types of the carpathian basin elaboration of na
of the carpathian basin elaboration of nature conservation treatments and methods and action p |
14673 | 1 | s during the last years have shown that mining is a || chr ||assessment and the management of p
|
14522 | 2 | dy of the relations between agromyzides mining flies, their first and secondary parasitoids, ev
owing objectives:1. to establish if the evolution of asymmetries is associated to coevolutionar |
12482 | 9 | ve process based on the ‘five capitals’ model. this new work will considerably extend this init
n the form of a set of environmental or ecosystem asset accounts that can be used as a framewor n be used as a framework for developing indicators of ecosystem health or integrity, and in the framework for developing indicators of ecosystem health or integrity, and in the assessment of t of policy options. the key drivers of ecosystem change in england often lie beyond the remit dy will be: •the creation of a detailed gis database for the study area, developing cqc data by cies in ways that safeguard and enhance ecosystem goods and services across the catchment; and makers recommending how the value of an ecosystem approach to integrated decision making could focus groups. communicating the studys development and key findings will be an ongoing activit |
10317 | 7 | d biomass burning. as a consequence the ph of seawater is dropping; a process called ocean acid
iota by affecting both species range of habitat and the calcification of their skeletons and sh f co2 uptake, the average surface ocean ph will be lower than that experienced by marine organi eral million years. the most vulnerable ecosystems are in the polar regions and hence we will f nd the major contributors to the global carbon cycle, have already altered their calcification ve predictions of how vulnerable marine ecosystems are to ocean acidification, how likely they risks of ocean acidification to marine ecosystems. |
10069 | 2 | er dimensions, typically using birds as model organisms. here we propose a unique project that
vespilloides. this species is an ideal model organism because it breeds readily under laborato |
10350 | 2 | er dimensions, typically using birds as model organisms. here we propose a unique project that
vespilloides. this species is an ideal model organism because it breeds readily under laborato |
10446 | 3 | c3 photosynthesis to crassulacean acid metabolism variation in sequences flanking microsatelli
genus which has become established as a model for investigating ecological and mechanistic aspe ts of photosynthetic acclimation to the environment. |
13782 | 8 | leptin has an important function in mammals, regulating appetite and energy bal
ion in mammals, regulating appetite and energy balance. however, the physiological role of lept p establish hypotheses on physiological function, which will then be tested in comprehensive in hensive in vivo studies. if a conserved function is confirmed, the project may explain how key firmed, the project may explain how key life history transitions such as smoltification and pub ch decisions depends to large degree on energy reserves. if alternative physiological functions undamental importance for understanding evolution and function of endocrine systems in vertebra ortance for understanding evolution and function of endocrine systems in vertebrates, particula |
2174 | 9 | ese populations have been attributed to climate-change-induced regime shifts, concomitant shift
en attributed to climate-change-induced regime shifts, concomitant shifts in predator-induced m ed regime shifts, concomitant shifts in predator-induced mortality on harbour seals, altered co concomitant shifts in predator-induced mortality on harbour seals, altered competitive stresse ch programme will determine the current abundance and most probable population trend of this vu of spitsbergen. it will assess possible community changes taking place in the region due to cli anges taking place in the region due to climate change via determining what harbour seals are e a set for a region of key importance to climate modelling for the barents region. in collaborat r a region of key importance to climate modelling for the barents region. in collaboration with |
10611 | 4 | issues of modem population ecology. the development of spatial theory - driven in large part by
owever, been matched by a corresponding growth m replicated empirical studies. this proposal se pulation are altered and the effects on population dynamics examined. replicated host and host/ ictions of theory and used to guide the development of subsequent theory by the pi. |
11646 | 4 | issues of modem population ecology. the development of spatial theory - driven in large part by
owever, been matched by a corresponding growth m replicated empirical studies. this proposal se pulation are altered and the effects on population dynamics examined. replicated host and host/ ictions of theory and used to guide the development of subsequent theory by the pi. |
2033 | 5 | biodiversity in terms of species richness and the role of diversity in marine ecosystems
ess and the role of diversity in marine ecosystems have been much discussed recently. however, nother aspect of our studies will be an evaluation of the health of the neritic ecosystem. if r evaluation of the health of the neritic ecosystem. if reduced heterozygosity is found in an une baseline data to evaluate environmental stress. also the infection parasite frequency and genet |
2151 | 5 | apelin and young cod, is central in the ecosystem; yet important questions remain unsolved. the
o extend the leo project by statistical modelling of norwegian and russian plankton data, using ological, oceanographic and statistical modelling expertise assembled for the leo project. whil ject primarily focuses on fish, oil and climate, this new project extends the work to plankton properly understand the dynamics of the ecosystem. |
13463 | 3 | forestry aims at maximizing production, while maintaining biodiversity, but these a
mycorrhizal we have initiated two large-scale field experiments in contrasting forest types, wi rtial loss of em diversity at the local scale, and how mycorrhizal decline in turn affects free |
518 | 5 | n, considering the decisive factors for evolution in agricultural systems of various scales. th
rst type of forum is connected with the production of ideas completely integrated in the agricu central role in the functioning of agro-ecosystems having a strong natural value due to its fun governance stakes, since the long-term evolution of agriculture is to a great extent determine oes it permit within the conception and evaluation of public policies the project aims to try o |
15236 | 9 | that minority are important in natural ecosystems. the study of the rare microorganisms is ess
communities in an spatial and temporal environment, as well as to comprehend why exist a so la environments is proposed. the selected environment is the sediment from the natural ponds at d oposed. the selected environment is the sediment from the natural ponds at doñana national park operties evaluated. also, their spatial distribution will be analyzed and will contribute to de ll contribute to decipher the potential function within their ecosystem. the possibility that t her the potential function within their ecosystem. the possibility that the analyzed conditions the analyzed processes will represent a model of the dynamic of microbial communities as a cons nd their potential response both in the ecosystem and global biogeochemical cycles. |
11039 | 8 | the uk government s plans for tackling climate change. one of the major causes of increased at
s the burning of fossil fuels releasing carbon that has been stored for centuries back into the e of fossil fuels we can grow crops for energy. bioenergy , is unknown. it is essential to dete techniques under a range of controlled environment and managment conditions, and using molecul ation will be used to develop the jules community model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, c be used to develop the jules community model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and ity model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and greenhouse gas balances for these bi l of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and greenhouse gas balances for these bioenergy |
10035 | 8 | the uk government s plans for tackling climate change. one of the major causes of increased at
s the burning of fossil fuels releasing carbon that has been stored for centuries back into the e of fossil fuels we can grow crops for energy. bioenergy , is unknown. it is essential to dete techniques under a range of controlled environment and managment conditions, and using molecul ation will be used to develop the jules community model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, c be used to develop the jules community model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and ity model of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and greenhouse gas balances for these bi l of ceh, parameterising water, energy, carbon and greenhouse gas balances for these bioenergy |
7171 | 6 | imination of both species. geographical distribution data of the two taxa and regularly receive
e been confirmed and the possibility of production of viable seedlings was checked in situ and in situ and in laboratory. . studies on colonization characteristics of ludwigia on different t e plants and regulatory requirements of colonization deemed too important. they showed the pers ve such a problem. in terms of economic evaluation, the empirical approach brought together the rantee the necessary improvement of our environment management practices |
10794 | 4 | ental to understanding our own place in evolution, and virtually every account of the history o
the fossils from this critical phase in evolution. in the picture of vertebrate origins as we p nimals from this interval of vertebrate evolution. their correct placement in the tree of life ut in fossils this has been modified by decomposition, flattening, and transformation into mine |
203 | 8 | biomass productivity and biodiversity of hybrid aspen as part o
ified. the limiting factors for biomass production capacity during the different growth stages roduction capacity during the different growth stages will be studied. the dynamics of the stan he stand structure, differentiation and competition of the trees will be focused as well. the n o monitor changes in soil fertility and vegetation cover and to assess the phytopathological st ybrid aspen clones in estonian soil and climate conditions. the results from the project will h e project will help to develop estonian nature use politics and to assess the suitability of ap on forestry and its impacts on estonian nature, landscape, land use, rural economy and social a |
10484 | 6 | jor component of the marine-atmospheric carbon cycle is the precipitation and dissolution of ca
marine-atmospheric carbon cycle is the precipitation and dissolution of calcium carbonate in s tant to our understanding of the global carbon cycle, and to the earth system as a whole. this r understanding of the marine inorganic carbon budget. large amounts of calcium carbonate are p ional contribution to oceanic carbonate production by marine bony fish. these all ingest seawat makes a major contribution to carbonate production in particular regions of the ocean, and a sm |
11346 | 7 | fundamental concern of both ecology and evolution is the question of how diversity is maintaine
bility in life-history and reproductive traits are maintained in populations. the question is i lutionary process, but also because the life history and reproductive strategy of a species are ns. this will be the first experimental evolution study of sex allocation for any plant or anim terize a demographic and sex allocation model for m. annua at a landscape level. these experime ocation and plant demography at a large spatial scale. the model will be interpreted in light o emography at a large spatial scale. the model will be interpreted in light of results from a lo |
15283 | 6 | ave been proposed to have this disjunct distribution on the basis of morphological similarities
oposed for the origin of this enigmatic distribution: a fragmentation of a macrocontinental flo ica, b origin in western asia and later migration towards e. and s. africa; c dispersion of sou aims to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of 4 plant genera exhibiting this disjunction s, or the appearance of a novel type of metabolism. the final aim of the coordinated project is roject will be integrated into a larger meta-analysis to test for the existence of this pattern |
15284 | 6 | ave been proposed to have this disjunct distribution on the basis of morphological similarities
oposed for the origin of this enigmatic distribution: a fragmentation of a macrocontinental flo ica, b origin in western asia and later migration towards e. and s. africa; c dispersion of sou aims to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of three plant genera exhibiting this disjunc s, or the appearance of a novel type of metabolism. the final aim of the coordinated project is roject will be integrated into a larger meta-analysis to test for the existence of this pattern |
10397 | 3 | rly strong, which is paradoxical - fast evolution, yet , and must therefore have evolved relati
arent mismatch between rates of genital evolution and the strength of selection on them. we wil ns across the animal kingdom, the rapid evolution of male genitalia. furthermore, because genit |
9959 | 12 | global warming due to increasing concentrations of greenhouse
here is a growing threat to the world s environment, economies and societies. human activities own to play a significant factor in the production of ghg, including the generation of electric ing the generation of electricity using carbon-based fossil fuels such as oil and gas. in parti els such as oil and gas. in particular, carbon dioxide emissions from the deforestation of trop ple, is caused by both small- and large-scale agricultural expansion. in recent international d for managing the potential threat from climate change, there has been a push by many governmen cept proposes to put in place financial incentives to reduce deforestation rates thus preventin eventing the emission of biomass-stored carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. these inc de emissions into the atmosphere. these incentives could be made at the international level, i. oncerns have been raised about how such incentives might be implemented on the ground. for exam d simulation tool, known as agent-based modelling that might assist in designing redd policy on |
13456 | 13 | beavers are influential ecosystem engineers in aquatic ecosystems, but were ext
luential ecosystem engineers in aquatic ecosystems, but were exterminated in sweden in the 1800 new hotspots not only for biodiversity, ecosystem retentivity and ecosystem functioning, but al biodiversity, ecosystem retentivity and ecosystem functioning, but also for methylation and bio ntal objectives, and with the reference classification schemes of the water framework directive med at two spatial scales. at the local scale, beaver effects on water and sediment chemistry, ocal scale, beaver effects on water and sediment chemistry, community composition and diversity ffects on water and sediment chemistry, community composition and diversity, and ecosystem func ommunity composition and diversity, and ecosystem functioning will be quantified in 14 beaver a te-of-the-art methods. at the landscape scale, babi evaluates the biogeochemical and ecological present and future scenarios of species distribution and population density, with gis-methods u of species distribution and population density, with gis-methods used to upscale empirical dat stribution and population density, with gis-methods used to upscale empirical data. babi thus c |
12657 | 11 | designed to assess the effect of urban development and number of visitors on the distribution
velopment and number of visitors on the distribution and abundance of nightjar, woodlark and da ber of visitors on the distribution and abundance of nightjar, woodlark and dartford warbler on ightjar and woodlark numbers with urban development in dorset is replicated in the thames basin e how the two sites compare; assess how habitat and visitor pressure interact to influence the itor pressure interact to influence the distribution and abundance of the three annex 1 species eract to influence the distribution and abundance of the three annex 1 species in the two spas; spas; map visitor pressure and suitable habitat and identify areas where access and habitat man tat and identify areas where access and habitat management should be targeted to sustain the si op a method of predicting the effect of habitat and visitor management on the number and distri nd visitor management on the number and distribution of the three annex 1 species |
14170 | 11 | nutrient pools, augment photosynthetic energy, and function at multiple trophic levels and thu
ols, augment photosynthetic energy, and function at multiple trophic levels and thus lend a com rotists provides substrates for further growth of their prey, both heterotrophic bacteria and a y of phytoplankton and bacterioplankton community structure and trophic status of phytoplankton e and time, and to demonstrate in which scale the measured variability in biomass, species comp ient concentration and prevailing light climate. we would also like to demonstrate the influenc utritional mode of phytoplankton to the abundance of bacteria, picoplankton and nanoflagellates mixotrophic feeding is increasing with nutrient limitation and increasing prey concentration, y concentration, there exist direct and indirect effects of mixotrophy on the food web and incr d indirect effects of mixotrophy on the food web and increased mixotrophic feeding mode is shap c feeding mode is shaping the bacterial community composition and cell morphology. |
1089 | 1 | impact of selective regimes related to habitat degradation. again, the comparison with microsa
|
2015 | 14 | oodplain plant species have declined in abundance over the past century due to habitat loss and
abundance over the past century due to habitat loss and reductions in dispersal via waterways. n dispersal via waterways. furthermore, climate change, through higher temperatures in the alps temperatures in the alps and increased precipitation in winter, will continue to significantly erance and seed dispersal related plant traits is an important mechanism of such resilience, bu nsequences of phenotypic plasticity for population dynamics are poorly understood. i therefore fluctuations and trends in their local environment through phenotypic plasticity, and to what ee spatial escape through dispersal and colonization of new habitat can be a successful alterna rough dispersal and colonization of new habitat can be a successful alternative. insight into t plasticity in demographic and dispersal traits to buffer population abundances are fundamental, n and restoration efforts. i will study population dynamics under past, present and a range of der past, present and a range of future climate regimes and landscape use scenarios with both a tion models that explicitly incorporate environment-trait, trait-trait and trait-life history r nvironment-trait, trait-trait and trait-life history relationships. |
10884 | 2 | it represents an infrequently occurring stress predicted by recent climate models.
ly occurring stress predicted by recent climate models. |
11879 | 9 | in the space for nature a 120 page government report released in septemb
gues ask how we can enhance the natural environment in england in the face of climate change an l environment in england in the face of climate change and other environmental insults. their r report argues that the answer is large-scale habitat creation and restoration, under-pinned by t argues that the answer is large-scale habitat creation and restoration, under-pinned by the r tablishment of ecological processes and ecosystem services, these being for the benefits of bot life trust will work collaboratively on habitat restoration and the restoration of two ecosyste restoration and the restoration of two ecosystem services, those of pollination and pest contr l for environmental education about the habitat in general. whether or not the swallowtail was |
15020 | 3 | ial element in our understanding of the evolution and ecology of natural environments but also
ly known. for a better understanding of function and speciation in microbial populations in the ciation in microbial populations in the environment more studies focusing on co-existing bacter |
10771 | 10 | man-made climate change poses a grave threat to the survival of
ticular preference or tolerance for the climate - an optimum climatic range suitable for surviv ey migrate to other locations where the environment is more suitable or by making plastic adjus e able to move quickly enough to escape climate change or will be trapped on islands of suitabl will be trapped on islands of suitable habitat. in this case, the remaining option is in situ ies that have increased or decreased in abundance in response to the manipulations have also ad of success or failure of species under climate change on other members of the community. final climate change on other members of the community. finally, i will use high throughput sequenci imatic environmental variability on the distribution of adaptive climate-related genetic divers ability on the distribution of adaptive climate-related genetic diversity. the ultimate goal of |
11472 | 1 | bacteria and quantitatively affect the growth rate of dmsp-producing phytoplankton.
|
14933 | 4 | ssfully used in this sense, in a global scale. nevertheless, they have been hardly used in medi
have been hardly used in mediterranean ecosystems. in general, the main difficulties for their d that allows to trustworthy define the community and in the taxonomic difficulty of these inse hanges that take place in mediterranean ecosystems, in the space and temporary dimension, from |
10046 | 1 | interface processes which affect global climate change.
|
13805 | 12 | versity is proposed to be important for ecosystem functions. most biodiversity – ecosystem func
cosystem functions. most biodiversity – ecosystem function studies, however, consider only one nificance of biodiversity in sustaining ecosystem functioning when multiple functions are consi be achieved by a combination of theory development, meta-analysis of available data, and exper by a combination of theory development, meta-analysis of available data, and experimental tests ed to quantify the sensitivity of total ecosystem functioning when species are lost, and how th s are lost, and how this depends on the complementarity of ecosystem functions across species. this depends on the complementarity of ecosystem functions across species. meta-analyses of av tion perspective. finally, we will test model predictions in a series of laboratory and field e diversity of functions maintained by a richness of species, we can start to uncover the full i of biodiversity for the functioning of ecosystems. our results are thus highly important for c onservation and management of biota and ecosystem services. |
2057 | 5 | tant species in most terrestrial arctic ecosystems; they are both prey and predators model that
ctic ecosystems; they are both prey and predators model that will allow one to investigate how stems; they are both prey and predators model that will allow one to investigate how the dynami nge under different scenarios of winter climate variability. the data/analysis can also be used lbard and other high arctic terrestrial ecosystems. |
13781 | 2 | tifying conditions that may promote the evolution and maintenance in populations of two or more
ions and reduce their susceptibility to environmental change. first i will conduct phylogeny-ba |
10143 | 4 | a key factor in its ability to survive environmental change. recently it has been suggested th
ources. i recently published a computer modelling study that suggests the conditions in nature g study that suggests the conditions in nature in which this neural limitations hypothesis is a ests experience in a more complex field environment. by studying how animals become confused we |
10410 | 4 | a key factor in its ability to survive environmental change. recently it has been suggested th
ources. i recently published a computer modelling study that suggests the conditions in nature g study that suggests the conditions in nature in which this neural limitations hypothesis is a ests experience in a more complex field environment. by studying how animals become confused we |
11178 | 14 | nimal species are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwa
ecies are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwards. how northwards. however, in order to track climate, species must be able to disperse through lands ndscapes. because of this human-induced habitat loss, many species with poor dispersal ability s can shift their ranges in response to climate change whilst others cannot, is crucial for imp were greatly reduced immediately, more warming would still occur due to inertia in the earth s ill occur due to inertia in the earth s climate system. thus, there is a commitment to future w . thus, there is a commitment to future warming regardless of any mitigation and, in this conte ent to future warming regardless of any mitigation and, in this context, adaptation measures ar however, the effectiveness of improving habitat connectivity for promoting range shifts is esse the effectiveness of improving habitat connectivity for promoting range shifts is essentially rucial for understanding the impacts of climate change on the distribution of biodiversity. the ng the impacts of climate change on the distribution of biodiversity. the proposed work will pr rstanding and predicting the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. conservation strategies |
11398 | 14 | nimal species are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwa
ecies are responding to current climate warming by shifting their distributions northwards. how northwards. however, in order to track climate, species must be able to disperse through lands ndscapes. because of this human-induced habitat loss, many species with poor dispersal ability s can shift their ranges in response to climate change whilst others cannot, is crucial for imp were greatly reduced immediately, more warming would still occur due to inertia in the earth s ill occur due to inertia in the earth s climate system. thus, there is a commitment to future w . thus, there is a commitment to future warming regardless of any mitigation and, in this conte ent to future warming regardless of any mitigation and, in this context, adaptation measures ar however, the effectiveness of improving habitat connectivity for promoting range shifts is esse the effectiveness of improving habitat connectivity for promoting range shifts is essentially rucial for understanding the impacts of climate change on the distribution of biodiversity. the ng the impacts of climate change on the distribution of biodiversity. the proposed work will pr rstanding and predicting the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. conservation strategies |
11196 | 2 | s may lead to diel periodicity in their spatial variability. the celtic sea is chosen for the s
trient remineralisation through protist predation and viral infections. |
14669 | 4 | omenon. the analysis will be done using remote sensing with more than 20 years of duration. the
lisation will be carried out. different vegetation parameters will be calculated from the satel and also to develop future scenarios of vegetation cover degradation according to the present c er degradation according to the present climate models. |
14148 | 9 | charophytes are an important ecosystem element in shallow sheltered soft bottom area
ae in our current information about the distribution and functioning of charophytes. using gene xperiments it will allow clarifying the distribution patterns and ascertaining the reproductive re: 1 to explain the reproduction mode, distribution pattern and connectivity of charophyte pop oduction mode, distribution pattern and connectivity of charophyte populations at different spa es us opportunity to predict changes in distribution caused by shifts in environmental conditio genetic diversity allows evaluating the stability of population with low genetic diversity refe ng environments. the results describing connectivity patterns among populations will provide a a knowledge base for better planning of habitat protection and a more accurate determination of |
10353 | 8 | interact with variations in prey type, abundance and spatial distribution to determine the out
ons in prey type, abundance and spatial distribution to determine the outcome of competition. f istribution to determine the outcome of competition. four experiments are planned. the first wi first will examine the effects of prey density, type and depth on competition. the second plan ects of prey density, type and depth on competition. the second plans to determine how prior re how prior residency interacts with prey distribution and type to determine competitive outcomes eriment is planned to look at the way a predation threat changes competitive outcomes. the fina t an individual based genetic algorithm model of foraging behaviour. |
14112 | 2 | nities have emerged thanks to the rapid development of molecular and microbiological techniques
l parameters and the bird species, sex, habitat type, season, feather color and body part will |
15232 | 1 | est fires is an important factor in the evolution of plants and in the structure of plant commu
|
14217 | 4 | in the functioning of most terrestrial ecosystems. nevertheless, it is poorly known how herbiv
ct these interactions by altering plant traits important for pollinators, and consequently, how mbining observational, experimental and modelling approaches, this project will examine the rel al herbivores and pollinators on flower traits. based on simultaneous analyses of the effects o |
6862 | 1 | n and aid expression play a role in the development of de novo diffuse large b-cell lymphomas a
|
14686 | 2 | rogeny. thus, it is thought that sexual traits are related in some extent with genetic quality
age to the nest, and the study of these traits in relation to genetic quality is of interest in |
10419 | 2 | considerable impact on the ecology and evolution of a population, regulating the effective pop
astically influence the outcome of this competition through biased responses to the sperm of di |
9866 | 2 | considerable impact on the ecology and evolution of a population, regulating the effective pop
astically influence the outcome of this competition through biased responses to the sperm of di |
14616 | 4 | and protects them from an ever-changing environment. considerable evidence has been accrued to
te that when cells are stimulated by an environmental change, a complex network of specific pro role on the regulation of environmental stress response. the election of intertidal macroalgae r control and response to environmental stress must be well developed in these algae. we suppor |
14176 | 6 | rect mechanisms by which plant and soil microbial community interactions can influence the inva
aims describing the role of mycorrhizal symbiosis in plant invasions. we will study the regiona study the regional floras . also, plant growth responses to the changed am fungal communities w ributed am fungal species. the enhanced mutualism hypothesis would predict that the roots of su accurate, we would expect the am fungal community colonizing invasive plants to be different fr e alien host species do not support the growth of local host plants in the same way than am fun |
6782 | 1 | fferent nos isoenzyms and the oxidative stress in i/r induced acute renal failure and chronic a
|
10480 | 3 | wn after a long distance marine feeding migration represents a tremendous feat of navigation an
astal and riverine stages of the return migration. juvenile salmon appear to imprint upon the o eriod immediately before commencing the migration to sea |
13923 | 6 | we propose a hypothesis that the plant growth promoting rhizobacterium paenibacillus polymyxa
zobacterial functioning will aid in the development of sustainable agro-ecosystems and develop in the development of sustainable agro-ecosystems and develop solutions aiming at reducing agr barley, grown under contrasting drought stress conditions will bring an insight to plant-microb ll bring an insight to plant-microbe co-evolution, which could be of use to breeding programs. formation in general, as the collective behavior that leads to biofilm formation is common amon |
9883 | 3 | is structured. a knowledge of the fine-scale structure of annual plant populations might seem
redicting responses of annual plants to environmental change. previous work has focussed on two he one hand, studies have addressed how density affects the mating system and patterns of gene |
11023 | 10 | nd each have unique characteristics, or traits, that mean they are particularly well suited to
ave a different impact on the amount of carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere and locked u ocean. an improved understanding of the distribution of phytoplankton species in the ocean will erefore enable us to predict how marine ecosystems might change in the future, and ultimately h ultimately how phytoplankton may impact climate change. unlike land plants, phytoplankton are o en have to compete with one another for nutrients and light to survive. each species contains a different amount of resources including carbon and nutrients . subsequently the kinds of pigmen mount of resources including carbon and nutrients . subsequently the kinds of pigments containe they can absorb, but also the amount of nutrients they need to grow. in this study, i will deve interactions between ocean biology and global change. |
11277 | 15 | st ice age large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been slowly locked up in peat soils
lant remains. if this huge reservoir of carbon was to be released back in to the atmosphere it re it would cause a significant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in furthe cant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in further global warming. at the mo se methane and result in further global warming. at the moment scientists are trying to unravel ms that control the losses and gains of carbon from this large area of the earth s surface. pea route to connect the large reservoir of carbon stored in peats to peatland pools and streams, a ms, and may act as pathways along which carbon can leak away. we aim to investigate how pipes c how pipes control the loss of water and carbon from peatlands. most of the research work, which a catchment that has been designated a carbon study catchment by the centre for ecology and hy catchment by the centre for ecology and hydrology. our work will involve measuring the concentr uring the concentrations and amounts of carbon and water flowing in pipes and streams. we will at allow us to determine the age of the carbon being released and therefore where in the peat t sed and therefore where in the peat the carbon is coming from. the overall aim of our work is t h affect this important global store of carbon. |
11301 | 15 | st ice age large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been slowly locked up in peat soils
lant remains. if this huge reservoir of carbon was to be released back in to the atmosphere it re it would cause a significant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in furthe cant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in further global warming. at the mo se methane and result in further global warming. at the moment scientists are trying to unravel ms that control the losses and gains of carbon from this large area of the earth s surface. pea route to connect the large reservoir of carbon stored in peats to peatland pools and streams, a ms, and may act as pathways along which carbon can leak away. we aim to investigate how pipes c how pipes control the loss of water and carbon from peatlands. most of the research work, which a catchment that has been designated a carbon study catchment by the centre for ecology and hy catchment by the centre for ecology and hydrology. our work will involve measuring the concentr uring the concentrations and amounts of carbon and water flowing in pipes and streams. we will at allow us to determine the age of the carbon being released and therefore where in the peat t sed and therefore where in the peat the carbon is coming from. the overall aim of our work is t h affect this important global store of carbon. |
11837 | 15 | st ice age large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide have been slowly locked up in peat soils
lant remains. if this huge reservoir of carbon was to be released back in to the atmosphere it re it would cause a significant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in furthe cant rise in carbon dioxide and release methane and result in further global warming. at the mo se methane and result in further global warming. at the moment scientists are trying to unravel ms that control the losses and gains of carbon from this large area of the earth s surface. pea route to connect the large reservoir of carbon stored in peats to peatland pools and streams, a ms, and may act as pathways along which carbon can leak away. we aim to investigate how pipes c how pipes control the loss of water and carbon from peatlands. most of the research work, which a catchment that has been designated a carbon study catchment by the centre for ecology and hy catchment by the centre for ecology and hydrology. our work will involve measuring the concentr uring the concentrations and amounts of carbon and water flowing in pipes and streams. we will at allow us to determine the age of the carbon being released and therefore where in the peat t sed and therefore where in the peat the carbon is coming from. the overall aim of our work is t h affect this important global store of carbon. |
15477 | 7 | le as determinants of the structure and function of ecosystems constitutes an area of emerging
inants of the structure and function of ecosystems constitutes an area of emerging research tha ramework of the response of terrestrial ecosystems to global change. the growing interest in th e response of terrestrial ecosystems to global change. the growing interest in the study of the e interactions among the plant and soil community is largely due to the awareness that the infl to the awareness that the influence of global change phenomenon on ecosystem function of the f nfluence of global change phenomenon on ecosystem function of the feedback processes in the mix |
9801 | 8 | w, plants use light to turn atmospheric carbon dioxide into sugars, in a process called photosy
they require more than just sugars for growth, and the additional nutrients they need are obta t sugars for growth, and the additional nutrients they need are obtained from the soil, being t taken up by the roots. to obtain these nutrients efficiently, plants need to cooperate with th nts need to cooperate with the prolific community of bacteria and fungi that live in, on and ar ucial role in providing the plants with nutrients that are otherwise not available. this projec when the plant is starved for essential nutrients. we know that the plant secretes different ro stimulating them to deliver more of the nutrients that it needs / by examining the microbe resp |
14877 | 1 | hism is related with an increase of the efficiency of pollinators in pollen transfer between st
|
13981 | 11 | this proposal is a development of previous research funded by formas, aimi
ing at providing basic knowledge of how recruitment processes influence species diversity of fr the propagule pressure that any target community surrounded by other vegetation types is subje ny target community surrounded by other vegetation types is subjected to. propagule pressure, t e inflow of diaspores from neighbouring vegetation, has the potential to cause shifts in commun n, has the potential to cause shifts in community composition. thus, knowledge of this process anges in conditions related to soil and climate may impact on these habitats. two basic models on these habitats. two basic models of community assembly will be examined: niche vs dispersal approach is to use natural gradients in community composition of grasslands and deciduous fores he structure of these communities using plant functional traits. propagule pressure will be exp mentally manipulated, and the resulting recruitment will be recorded during 3 years. the projec |
11238 | 5 | climate change represents a challenge to conservation b
tion strategies that are relevant under climate change, and then to bring together appropriate ther integration of science into policy development and conservation action. the network will i ity of york and nerc centre for ecology hydrology, knowledge exchange specialists, and a variet butterfly conservation, from the joint nature conservation committee, countryside council for |
15111 | 2 | y system promoting a correct embrionary development. therefore, this situation provides the opp
ins gulls are feeding at the rice field ecosystem. |
2181 | 18 | understand, and predict, the effects of climate change on the temporal and spatial scales relev
y, we need approaches that enable us to scale up from detailed mechanistic studies of the effec local ecological processes to landscape-scale or even regional-scale consequences. this project ses to landscape-scale or even regional-scale consequences. this project develops new methods t nd experimental approaches across broad-scale climate gradients to explore how climate, and cli erimental approaches across broad-scale climate gradients to explore how climate, and climate c -scale climate gradients to explore how climate, and climate change, affects the role of seed r e gradients to explore how climate, and climate change, affects the role of seed recruitment ac limate change, affects the role of seed recruitment across four levels of organization - from d demographic responses to population and community dynamics. we focus on the seed regeneration s herefore hypothesize that any impact of climate change on this life-history stage is likely to expertise in the ecological effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems . this project ffects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems . this project will provide a new methodolog l framework for integrating population, community, and landscape ecology in environmental chang on, community, and landscape ecology in environmental change research. the results will have im the results will have implications for habitat management and nature conservation strategies u implications for habitat management and nature conservation strategies under a changing climate onservation strategies under a changing climate. |
166 | 4 | spension feeders on other components of ecosystem are largely unknown. this project is the firs
work. during the project we compare the succession and development of benthic communities with e project we compare the succession and development of benthic communities with and without sus sion feeding communities in the coastal ecosystems. |
10951 | 1 | as exchange. determining the diversity, abundance and activity of the major groups of microorga
|
11260 | 1 | as exchange. determining the diversity, abundance and activity of the major groups of microorga
|
6877 | 1 | ological history, natural geography and climate is one of the most interesting regions of europ
|
14772 | 5 | ghts the importance of preserving these ecosystems for the conservation of fauna and flora enda
rying, with unpredictable duration. the abundance of animal and plant species in these habitats l as to their soil characterization and geomorphology. remote sensing tools are used to increas oil characterization and geomorphology. remote sensing tools are used to increase information a ls which will contribute to explain the habitat requirements of the taxonomic groups considered |
14975 | 1 | age coloration patterns, which could be indicators of individual health status.
|
15086 | 2 | age coloration patterns, which could be indicators of individual health status, and relate thes
ividual health status, and relate these traits to survival and breeding performance. |
2145 | 13 | f stored fats and protein and intake of energy through food consumption. we propose a study aim
ions on juvenile atlantic salmon winter energy budgets and survival. the project involves a com approach, using the large geographical distribution of the species as a natural experiment to study the relative importance of stored energy and energy from food consumption on winter survi elative importance of stored energy and energy from food consumption on winter survival under d spatial and temporal patterns in winter energy budgets and winter survival will be assessed fro data. the relative importance of stored energy and energy from food consumption for winter surv elative importance of stored energy and energy from food consumption for winter survival under ons will then be estimated by energetic modeling using a combination of field data and experime to address the sensitivity of different energy allocation strategies to changes in winter seaso strategies to changes in winter season, temperature and ice cover conditions. the project will will extend experimental work and yield model development from a number of previously funded da xtend experimental work and yield model development from a number of previously funded data sou |
11317 | 1 | its rivers were hard hit by an intense precipitation event on 6th-7th september 2008 which del
|
11033 | 4 | in this system have contributed to the evolution and potentially to the functioning of photosy
eveal genes which benefit the symbiotic nature of the cyanobacteria. as the cyanobacterium is a veral fundamental aspects of cyanophage evolution and evolution in general. tal aspects of cyanophage evolution and evolution in general. |
11028 | 7 | the green seaweed ulva reproduces by production of vast numbers of motile swimming zoospores
teria are known to be important for the growth and morphological development of ulva. plantlets ortant for the growth and morphological development of ulva. plantlets where bacteria have been d do not exhibit normal morphology, and growth is often stunted. the aim of this project is to ttlement are those required for healthy growth into a mature plant. we will identify bacteria a d establish if these have any effect on growth and development. the effect of bacteria and thei if these have any effect on growth and development. the effect of bacteria and their signal mo |
15208 | 2 | in spite that the evolution of signalling has attracted a great deal of i
o avian personalities and hence, to the evolution of strategies and signalling. |
1925 | 18 | reduction of pesticide use and mitigation of nitrogen and other nutrient losses from s
tion of pesticide use and mitigation of nitrogen and other nutrient losses from soil are import strong indications that in terrestrial ecosystems the occurrence of plant diseases and the los rence of plant diseases and the loss of nutrients are related to the diversity of vegetation. s trients are related to the diversity of vegetation. soil-borne diseases are rare in natural eco soil-borne diseases are rare in natural ecosystems with a diverse vegetation and nutrient losse re in natural ecosystems with a diverse vegetation and nutrient losses from such systems are us s that high biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems confers high soil suppressive ness against d subsystem, i.e. the heterotrophic soil community, is a key feature in terrestrial ecosystem fu munity, is a key feature in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. permanent grassland and agricult f above- and below-ground biodiversity, production and chemical composition of plant biomass an iversity, in particular biodiversity of functional groups of plants. these treatments will allo implification or diversification of the ecosystem. the degree of soil suppressive ness will be nd the potential of soils to reduce the development of plant pathogen populations. nitrogen tur elopment of plant pathogen populations. nitrogen turnover in the food web in the soil-plant sys n populations. nitrogen turnover in the food web in the soil-plant system will be measured and nge investigated in the field. existing food web models will be elaborated to include effects o phic relationships and a wider range of functional groups of biota than hitherto reported. micr |
1924 | 18 | reduction of pesticide use and mitigation of nitrogen and other nutrient losses from s
tion of pesticide use and mitigation of nitrogen and other nutrient losses from soil are import strong indications that in terrestrial ecosystems the occurrence of plant diseases and the los rence of plant diseases and the loss of nutrients are related to the diversity of vegetation. s trients are related to the diversity of vegetation. soil-borne diseases are rare in natural eco soil-borne diseases are rare in natural ecosystems with a diverse vegetation and nutrient losse re in natural ecosystems with a diverse vegetation and nutrient losses from such systems are us s that high biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems confers high soil suppressive ness against d subsystem, i.e. the heterotrophic soil community, is a key feature in terrestrial ecosystem fu munity, is a key feature in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. permanent grassland and agricult f above- and below-ground biodiversity, production and chemical composition of plant biomass an iversity, in particular biodiversity of functional groups of plants. these treatments will allo implification or diversification of the ecosystem. the degree of soil suppressive ness will be nd the potential of soils to reduce the development of plant pathogen populations. nitrogen tur elopment of plant pathogen populations. nitrogen turnover in the food web in the soil-plant sys n populations. nitrogen turnover in the food web in the soil-plant system will be measured and nge investigated in the field. existing food web models will be elaborated to include effects o phic relationships and a wider range of functional groups of biota than hitherto reported. micr |
6759 | 1 | the growth factors that activate receptor tyrosin kinases a
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10631 | 6 | ynthetic biomass, but due to their high growth rates they contribute almost a half of annual gl
ntribute almost a half of annual global carbon fixation. the phytoplankton can be divided into oplankton can be divided into different functional groups according to their size, taxonomic co e is an important parameter in terms of carbon turnover, nutrient uptake and efficiency of trop of carbon turnover, nutrient uptake and efficiency of trophic transfer in the marine food web. iency of trophic transfer in the marine food web. three main size categories have been adopted |
10538 | 1 | bians, reptiles, birds and mammals. the nature and causes of the exceptional preservation of so
|
11530 | 3 | wide interest and a string of papers in nature and science, as well as wide press and public in
diments. as they do not show detectable metabolism, the presence of large number of spores coul e deep biosphere while only very little energy is available. thus this research will have the s |
1978 | 7 | the spatial distribution of animals is one of the main themes of ec
actions lead to spatial patterns in the distribution of the predators and prey. we propose a sy ial patterns in the distribution of the predators and prey. we propose a systematic investigati tematic investigation of the effects of competition and predation of these size structured popu ation of the effects of competition and predation of these size structured populations on the d hese size structured populations on the distribution of various stages of predator and prey. n the distribution of various stages of predator and prey. |
11637 | 2 | of demographic studies at the regional scale and to poor knowledge of seed-bank dynamics. over
years, we will survey the occupancy and abundance, and study the seed bank, of populations of t |
15491 | 2 | d abiotic processes that maintain them. climate is the most obvious abiotic factor that may dir
responses of ecological communities to climate change. |
10606 | 10 | the influence of habitat modification and resource productivity on polli
ce of habitat modification and resource productivity on pollinator-parasite community structure rce productivity on pollinator-parasite community structure will be studied. bumblebee and para will be studied. bumblebee and parasite abundance and diversity will be determined using standa tandard techniques and fully quantified food webs of flowering plants, bumblebee pollinators an parasites will be constructed for three habitat types representing different levels of resource y and persistence. patterns in resource productivity will be determined by measuring diversity, l be determined by measuring diversity, abundance and nectar production of flowering plant spec asuring diversity, abundance and nectar production of flowering plant species. this data will d ct and indirect interactions within the food webs. |
14932 | 4 | anthropogenic pressure associated with global change, and consequently also many of resident o
riods, and once the wetlands fill after precipitation events, they grow very fast reaching vari otic compartments will be studied using ecological stoichiometry. this tool has been successful study of other terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and proved fruitful in determining underlyi |
12138 | 4 | n. in order to gain an insight into the nature of mechanisms of invasiveness we will examine ge
contrasting conditions of environmental stress using differential display technique. the role o mpact of these seed reserves on damaged ecosystems will be provided. we hope that parallel inve s could identify certain mechanisms and evolution patterns of invasiveness that can be overlook |
12539 | 1 | atched funding for the eu q-bol project development of a new diagnostic tool using dna barcodin
|
12529 | 1 | ial contribution to agriculture and the environment through pollination: they also produce hone
|
11157 | 2 | e arid zone. this direct record of land climate shows times of severe aridity when the spores b
these spores we can compare this direct climate record to the borehole from russia together wit |
11388 | 3 | and convection determines the size and stability of thermal upwellings in the mantle, with imp
ere made at room pressure and a maximum temperature of 340 k. the pressures and temperatures of o this for all appropriate pressure and temperature conditions and appropriate chemical composi |
10874 | 1 | e which has caused substantial honeybee mortality. the threat of pathogen spillover from honeyb
|
11239 | 4 | chers seeking to understand the earth s climate. sea level is a proxy for the amount of water l
can tell us about the past state of the climate - low sea levels reflect colder, glacial, perio ce sheets will respond to anthropogenic warming is not yet comprehensive. one of the most impor nation of collapse rates in response to warming, which will influence future rates of sea level |
12636 | 2 | ted with the loss of integrity in these soil properties, results in significant costs, not only
s into a small number of distinct soil/ ecosystem types and adopt one of these typologies to al |
11740 | 13 | marine realms in governing atmospheric methane concentrations both in the past and in the futu
rnational levels. anthropogenic-induced warming could result in elevated bottom-water temperatu y a significant increase in atmospheric methane concentrations. similarly, global warming will thane concentrations. similarly, global warming will likely cause increased precipitation and b bal warming will likely cause increased precipitation and bacterial activity, such that wetland at wetlands could expand and associated methane emissions increase. our best insight into the s e, the dramatic increase in atmospheric methane concentrations during the last deglaciation is of greatest relevance to understanding methane biogeochemistry in the modern climate mode. the g methane biogeochemistry in the modern climate mode. the proposed research will use the abunda standing of the controls on atmospheric methane variation since the last glacial maximum. speci l of wetland extent. from the biomarker abundance records, we can ascertain whether or not a si red coincidentally with the increase in methane concentrations. this will provide crucial insig es - as a positive feedback on holocene climate. |
15313 | 2 | biochar is a carbon-rich product obtained by thermal decomposition o
carbon-rich product obtained by thermal decomposition of biomass at relatively low temperatures |
12730 | 6 | of these topics: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.in
s: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.involve collabor ion for uk priority species through the production and dissemination of guidance for conservati rough the wide dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly explain how t high transaction costs. the aim of this competition is to develop a mechanism which allows esta |
11201 | 1 | ispersal patterns. due to their cryptic nature, snow leopards are rarely seen, hence, populatio
|
2531 | 19 | develop key elements of an operational ecosystem model framework. the model system includes oc
ey elements of an operational ecosystem model framework. the model system includes ocean physic rational ecosystem model framework. the model system includes ocean physics, the timing of the sverdrup assumptions, and predicted egg-production of zooplankton. this culminates in a spatio- of an egg in terms of early life-stage growth and survival, which is combined with optimal lif imal life-history models and population modelling to predict spawning site use in nea cod and n is a new version of the regional ocean model system developed by the imr. the domain included by the imr. the domain included in this model allows a fine-scaled resolution of the coastal cu nother new and novel advancement is the development of trait-based phytoplankton model of the s evelopment of trait-based phytoplankton model of the spring bloom. the approach taken is inspir e operational framework is to apply the model of calanus finmarchicus, the main food item for l colleagues at imr. the output from this modelling is a spatial, annual and seasonal map of suit we then bring these pieces together to model the fate of an egg spawned at different times and of eggs can be thought of as the payoff-function of the migration cost in a life-history energy hought of as the payoff-function of the migration cost in a life-history energy trade-off in bo of the migration cost in a life-history energy trade-off in both cod and herring. the egg-fitne ess will be fed into existing models of energy usage in parental fish, yielding an optimal stat sh, yielding an optimal state-dependent migration investment which can be placed in a populatio ion investment which can be placed in a population dynamics context interacting with fisheries |
471 | 6 | orks of protected areas into functional connectivity. tenlamas will evaluate alternative models
aluate alternative models for assessing connectivity of particular ecological networks and for etailed simulation models of individual behavior generating most probable paths. concurrent con erating most probable paths. concurrent connectivity estimates will be evaluated on selected mo estimates will be evaluated on selected model species in test landscapes with respect to the re rsal by assessing gene flow to a simple model, using metapopulation viability as dependent vari |
13801 | 4 | se how the impact depends on aspects of habitat configuration, i.e. size of target sites vs siz
programme goals are highly relevant for development of conservation programmes at a landscape s conservation programmes at a landscape scale, in relation to economically sustainable livestoc ally sustainable livestock farming, and development of regional landscape strategies for biodiv |
15066 | 1 | the genus artemia due to a the loss of ecosystems arisen among the introduced populations of t
|
12263 | 8 | te pre-breeding material carrying novel traits to the uk breeding companies and to deliver acce
ific resources and tools will include - production of near isogenic lines xxx - characterisatio on drought tolerance and crop water use efficiency - identification of wheat germplasm which co plasm which confers either tissue based resistance to take-all disease and / or ability to rest t situations - introgression of extreme resistance to septoria leaf blotch from triticum monoco onnections between the three soil based traits - archiving of grain at low temperature from the ased traits - archiving of grain at low temperature from the main trait experiments over the 5 ars to permit others to investigate key traits the procurement of one or more sub-contactor pro |
11097 | 2 | m is to develop a general framework for modelling speciation. this will be based on a new techn
ed on a new technique for analysing the evolution of multiple genetic loci, which leads to simp |
14827 | 3 | and simple way. seeds are stored at low temperature and with low water content. nowadays there
germination behaviour under controlled temperature and light regimens; to study ways to break tablish seed ageing patterns related to temperature and equilibrium relative humidity; to estab |
10320 | 14 | d out in partnership with project safe: stability of altered forest ecosystems . safe has negot
oject safe: stability of altered forest ecosystems . safe has negotiated that, when a large reg iversity loss in partly cleared natural habitat, a simple mathematical formula is most commonly he number of species in the region as a function of area. however, we are also interested in ho l palm so this is not the same as total habitat destruction. to account for these additional fa evelop a simulation approach capable of modelling a large area of forest by sampling individual ut how biodiversity will respond to the habitat modification over time and will compare these t re these to data collected by safe. for modelling biodiversity on islands i will face other cha between immigration, extinction and the evolution of new species. islands are often in groups, research that links to both ecology and evolution. these models will follow the progress of imm to the archipelago as they change their abundance and possibly form different species on each i this to study the effects on islands of habitat modification and increased immigration from the reatened by similar factors; especially habitat destruction. islands support many endemic speci milar technical methods can be used for modelling both systems and comparisons can be made betw |
2170 | 5 | host plant play a pivotal role for the function of boreal forest ecosystems because bryophytes
role for the function of boreal forest ecosystems because bryophytes make up a large part of t ts functional role in order to maintain ecosystem function, robustness and biodiversity. second ophytes. third, we hypothesize that the production of secondary metabolites by the endophytic f ibute positively to human well fare and development. here it is of particular interest that bry |
11315 | 2 | hange than the vast majority of natural environmental change either observed or predicted. in a
arried out at markedly varying rates of temperature rise from acute to evaluate f1 adaptation e |
2050 | 3 | ecies is expected as a result of global warming. paradoxically, however, the svalbard populatio
ure longterm survival under the present climate. the project investigates the svalbard populati e populations from other areas of three model species , morphology, and taxonomic relationships |
15164 | 1 | wild populations will be provided. the development of a feasible rearing procedure would be us
|
9915 | 1 | gical characteristics in explaining the distribution of threat among mammals, 2 do correlates o
|
13858 | 3 | groforestry is crucial to increase food production and reduce poverty in sub-saharan africa. an
e following areas: disease and pathogen distribution, on local and regional scales; mode of spr raf, an important capacity building for development of sustainable research in the region. |
10445 | 1 | cation of: the interaction between fine sediment suspension and the morphology of low-angled du
|
11729 | 1 | cation of: the interaction between fine sediment suspension and the morphology of low-angled du
|
15589 | 3 | low lakes have played a key role in the development of theory on regime shifts in ecosystems ha
ey role in the development of theory on regime shifts in ecosystems have expressed strong inter velopment of theory on regime shifts in ecosystems have expressed strong interest in our planne |
15590 | 1 | icting the response of trees to ongoing global change and decision support for management.
|
6720 | 3 | tic house, as well as open field staked production with high marketable yield and long shelf li
ection, the possibility of accumulation resistance genes, increased early and total yield, as w ding.in hybrid tomato breeding and seed production quick hybrid rate identification is an incre |
13711 | 3 | gate how top-down how future changes in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structur
n how future changes in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structures. in climate and top predators may impact ecosystem structures. |
13888 | 11 | pelagic food web ecology has long been the major paradigm in th
jor paradigm in the study of whole lake ecosystem dynamics. however, pelagic food webs might be ke ecosystem dynamics. however, pelagic food webs might be highly influenced by benthic subsidi o examine the role of fish for coupling food web dynamics across habitats by focusing on the in by focusing on the interaction between habitat productivity of resources and top-down control sing on the interaction between habitat productivity of resources and top-down control by pisci n habitat productivity of resources and top-down control by piscivorous predators. we will do t ces and top-down control by piscivorous predators. we will do this using two different environm ecting two types of disturbances in the environment: anthropogenic . the results will be import environmental disturbances will affect food web dynamics in lake ecosystems. s will affect food web dynamics in lake ecosystems. |
6755 | 8 | y can be grouped into two major fields: evolution biological problems: 1 mating type evolution,
tion biological problems: 1 mating type evolution, 2 problems in prebiotic evolution and 3 the type evolution, 2 problems in prebiotic evolution and 3 the evolution of dispersal. theoretical oblems in prebiotic evolution and 3 the evolution of dispersal. theoretical ecological problems nvironments, 5 the role of interference competition in maintaining microbial community diversit interference competition in maintaining microbial community diversity, and 6 the structure and diversity, and 6 the structure and the stability of food webs. the common point in these six t nd 6 the structure and the stability of food webs. the common point in these six topics is the |
10786 | 3 | tivity changed the planet, changing the environment to allow other life forms to develop. today
important for the health of the global ecosystem since they are involved in and control all bi cies interact, either through supplying nutrients to each other or controlling the activity of |
11848 | 3 | tivity changed the planet, changing the environment to allow other life forms to develop. today
important for the health of the global ecosystem since they are involved in and control all bi cies interact, either through supplying nutrients to each other or controlling the activity of |
2157 | 1 | regulation of cyanobacterial toxins in nature are still weakly understood. this causes uncerta
|
12432 | 4 | ding framework to tackle the dangers of climate change. the climate change act received royal a
ckle the dangers of climate change. the climate change act received royal assent on 26 november ernment meets its commitments to tackle climate change, and this includes the establishment of ion policy in the uk. specifically, the climate change act requires that a national adaptation |
10637 | 3 | reasing recognition that the scientific community at large would benefit from the development o
mmunity at large would benefit from the development of a new standard to capture a richer set o sting genomemine database to serve as a community archive of contributed datasets of curated an |
1966 | 3 | climate changes is expected to have a major influence o
cies distributions that possibly hamper climate tracking and imply meta-populations that are al which species and communities react to climate change. |
10903 | 10 | and is potentially threatened by global climate change. these are striking examples of many sit
of local communities depend on crucial ecosystem services. however, a sustainable management o ting in very large uncertainties in the model predictions. in the andean highlands, local polit managers have difficulties interpreting model simulations and design proper land management sch ion of local expert knowledge to reduce model uncertainties. recently, many methodologies for d ocal managers knowledge and practice in modelling systems. this module deals with the developme ing systems. this module deals with the development of a user interface to evaluate models, ide interface to evaluate models, identify model failures and reject models. heavily relying on pu l generate novel scientific insights in model simulation, communication and improvement in a de he pi in the global virtual observatory community will ensure that the research results will op |
11801 | 10 | and is potentially threatened by global climate change. these are striking examples of many sit
of local communities depend on crucial ecosystem services. however, a sustainable management o ting in very large uncertainties in the model predictions. in the andean highlands, local polit managers have difficulties interpreting model simulations and design proper land management sch ion of local expert knowledge to reduce model uncertainties. recently, many methodologies for d ocal managers knowledge and practice in modelling systems. this module deals with the developme ing systems. this module deals with the development of a user interface to evaluate models, ide interface to evaluate models, identify model failures and reject models. heavily relying on pu l generate novel scientific insights in model simulation, communication and improvement in a de he pi in the global virtual observatory community will ensure that the research results will op |
10757 | 17 | decades, ecologists have documented the distribution and abundance of organisms that are attrib
ts have documented the distribution and abundance of organisms that are attributed to variation sms that are attributed to variation in mortality, fecundity and migration. such basic understa o variation in mortality, fecundity and migration. such basic understanding of the abundance an ration. such basic understanding of the abundance and distribution of organisms in nature . in asic understanding of the abundance and distribution of organisms in nature . in the pelagic pl ndance and distribution of organisms in nature . in the pelagic planktonic environment a whole s in nature . in the pelagic planktonic environment a whole range of environmental factors may he quality of larvae. sub-optimal food, salinity, temperature or sub-lethal pollution exposure, of larvae. sub-optimal food, salinity, temperature or sub-lethal pollution exposure, experienc r of larval settlers and juvenile/adult abundance is not known. the present project addresses t his issue using intertidal barnacles as model species. the project will investigate natural var otland in areas of high and low coastal productivity. this observational programme will determi duce more accurate models to understand population dynamics. in the face of global change a gen and population dynamics. in the face of global change a general theory of mechanisms affecting general theory of mechanisms affecting recruitment of marine organisms to adult populations is al resources. the fact that failures of recruitment in exploited populations are usually follow |
11265 | 17 | decades, ecologists have documented the distribution and abundance of organisms that are attrib
ts have documented the distribution and abundance of organisms that are attributed to variation sms that are attributed to variation in mortality, fecundity and migration. such basic understa o variation in mortality, fecundity and migration. such basic understanding of the abundance an ration. such basic understanding of the abundance and distribution of organisms in nature . in asic understanding of the abundance and distribution of organisms in nature . in the pelagic pl ndance and distribution of organisms in nature . in the pelagic planktonic environment a whole s in nature . in the pelagic planktonic environment a whole range of environmental factors may he quality of larvae. sub-optimal food, salinity, temperature or sub-lethal pollution exposure, of larvae. sub-optimal food, salinity, temperature or sub-lethal pollution exposure, experienc r of larval settlers and juvenile/adult abundance is not known. the present project addresses t his issue using intertidal barnacles as model species. the project will investigate natural var otland in areas of high and low coastal productivity. this observational programme will determi duce more accurate models to understand population dynamics. in the face of global change a gen and population dynamics. in the face of global change a general theory of mechanisms affecting general theory of mechanisms affecting recruitment of marine organisms to adult populations is al resources. the fact that failures of recruitment in exploited populations are usually follow |
13534 | 11 | s and on former conifer sites. a warmer climate may also lead to suitable conditions for broadl
s a response to changed land use and/or climate change is whether the forest flora is able to c take, and what factors influence plant colonization recent research has pointed at the discrep at the discrepancy between low realized migration rates at local scale during secondary success n low realized migration rates at local scale during secondary succession and regional/continen d migration rates at local scale during secondary succession and regional/continental scale aft ary succession and regional/continental scale after the latest glaciation. a combination of sma gh recent woodland age implied that the migration front of many species already had passed the now offer a unique opportunity to study migration rates for a considerably higher number of for factors that control early forest plant colonization. the project also aims to establish a base for future long-term monitoring of the colonization process. |
12266 | 9 | genetic resources unit , result in fine scale mapping of the genes and gene identification. a s
c resources unit , result in fine scale mapping of the genes and gene identification. a similar ilar resource is being developed in the model plant species arabidopsis. brassicas are closely nps within the brassicas for use in the development of high throughput genotype screening assay rm the basis for the identification and mapping of loci underlying traits of interest, particul fication and mapping of loci underlying traits of interest, particularly the quantitative trait interest, particularly the quantitative traits which impact upon sustainable production etc. cu ve traits which impact upon sustainable production etc. currently there are very few public snp project we propose to carry out a pilot scale experiment of brassica oleracea snp discovery whi |
11298 | 14 | the climate is warming. the arctic regions of the world hav
the climate is warming. the arctic regions of the world have been show ions of the world have been shown to be warming at a rate faster than any other region on earth northern hermisphere and act as a major carbon sink, currently storing some 11% of the earth s rrently storing some 11% of the earth s carbon, locked away in the organic soils and peat of ar determine the balance, and exchange of carbon between land surface and atmosphere so as to bet ct the likely consequences of continued warming of the arctic. however, these high latitude reg is is particularly the case in terms of carbon in the form of methane. methane is a powerful gr case in terms of carbon in the form of methane. methane is a powerful greenhouse gas that acco terms of carbon in the form of methane. methane is a powerful greenhouse gas that accounts for ay an important dual role in the global carbon cycle, being both the largest natural methane so n cycle, being both the largest natural methane source and a large net carbon sink . key streng natural methane source and a large net carbon sink . key strengths of the current proposal are equipment for extended periods to allow methane flux measurements to be made without the unwant |
13977 | 5 | l fungi are essential for the uptake of nutrients by boreal forest trees. the fungi also form a
e very sensitive to changes in the soil environment and most are negatively affected by the inc se our knowledge of the consequences of nitrogen fertilisation to the biodiversity and function or the fungi to acidify the soil during nitrate uptake was recently highlighted and this will b edge and new results into a mechanistic model describing how ecm fungal communities react to fo |
12769 | 3 | ation, thus potentially contributing to density-dependent feedback that constrains recruitment
sity-dependent feedback that constrains recruitment and survival hence slowing population recov t and survival hence slowing population recovery. fertility control could be very effective at |
2509 | 1 | blooms and use them to map the spatial distribution of harmful algae in norwegian waters, incl
|
14471 | 1 | leterious effects on mice body mass and water balance do mice eliminate detoxification by-produ
|
15307 | 5 | ironmental monitoring due to their easy growth and maintenance and to their ability to respond
c and n cycles, are at the base of the food webs and any detrimental effect on this group may obacteria derived from the filamentous, nitrogen- fixing and freshwater cyanobacterium anabaena lex mixtures of pollutants to study the nature of the interactions between them to better under lutants singly and in combination. 3. - evaluation of the performance of the cyanobacterial bio |
15048 | 3 | e impact of contaminants on the studied ecosystems. the aim of this project is to use a toxicog
ctive capability to gauge environmental stress of contaminants within freshwater ecosystems. tress of contaminants within freshwater ecosystems. |
11598 | 2 | here to cause a net reduction in global warming potential . the motivation is to establish a lo
n is to establish a long-term system of incentives that will encourage more landowners to allow |
10574 | 16 | ssures at present. driven by economical growth in the region, deforestation is ongoing, which l
ame time, the most recent generation of climate models suggest that climate change will have dr neration of climate models suggest that climate change will have dramatic consequences in the r rest is threatened by drying out as the water balance in the region changes. this not only has through so-called teleconnection in the climate system, changes in the functioning of the amazo azon rainforest is linked to changes in climate elsewhere on the planet. the amazon rainforest st transport large amounts of water and energy back into the atmosphere, which affect the clima k into the atmosphere, which affect the climate, it also emits large quantities of volatile org react in the atmosphere, leading to the production of oxidants and particles. these particles p cloud droplet formation which regulate precipitation patterns in the region, change the weathe eeded to parametrise these processes in climate models to improve the rebustness of future clim els to improve the rebustness of future climate predictions. previous measurements with the res ments with the research programme large-scale biosphere-atmosphere experiment in amazonia have aerosols, their effect on the regional climate and their responses to climatic drivers in a fa limatic drivers in a fairly undisturbed environment. this proposed project aims to add uk measu hasis on the quantification of particle production. the measurements will be used to improve ou |
11876 | 16 | ssures at present. driven by economical growth in the region, deforestation is ongoing, which l
ame time, the most recent generation of climate models suggest that climate change will have dr neration of climate models suggest that climate change will have dramatic consequences in the r rest is threatened by drying out as the water balance in the region changes. this not only has through so-called teleconnection in the climate system, changes in the functioning of the amazo azon rainforest is linked to changes in climate elsewhere on the planet. the amazon rainforest st transport large amounts of water and energy back into the atmosphere, which affect the clima k into the atmosphere, which affect the climate, it also emits large quantities of volatile org react in the atmosphere, leading to the production of oxidants and particles. these particles p cloud droplet formation which regulate precipitation patterns in the region, change the weathe eeded to parametrise these processes in climate models to improve the rebustness of future clim els to improve the rebustness of future climate predictions. previous measurements with the res ments with the research programme large-scale biosphere-atmosphere experiment in amazonia have aerosols, their effect on the regional climate and their responses to climatic drivers in a fa limatic drivers in a fairly undisturbed environment. this proposed project aims to add uk measu hasis on the quantification of particle production. the measurements will be used to improve ou |
10991 | 4 | burial of organic matter . the two sites also have strongly contr
riment will be conducted in situ, using mesocosm technology available at the university of aber 1850m, and with dramatically different sediment om content, bottom-water oxygen levels and ben erent sediment om content, bottom-water oxygen levels and benthic communities. state-of-the-art |
9870 | 4 | burial of organic matter . the two sites also have strongly contr
riment will be conducted in situ, using mesocosm technology available at the university of aber 1850m, and with dramatically different sediment om content, bottom-water oxygen levels and ben erent sediment om content, bottom-water oxygen levels and benthic communities. state-of-the-art |
11112 | 6 | nic anoxic events in forming the global distribution of black shales has become a topic of inte
result of an increase in global oceanic productivity and/or organic carbon preservation potenti bal oceanic productivity and/or organic carbon preservation potential oaes are hence important in regulating the short- and long-term carbon cycle, and subsequently co2 levels in the oceans tudy will provide a unique insight into productivity and/or preservation changes in the mid-cre and their subsequent role in the global carbon cycle. |
6792 | 1 | d time for dehorning and eliminates the stress to animals.since the inheritance of the mutation
|
2506 | 6 | at genomic and phenotypic scales during colonization from the ocean to freshwater. four lateral
cking lateral plates can be found. this salinity gradient is viewed as an evolutionary temporal into phenotypes and morphs. finally, we model the fitness of morphs and alleles in contrasting ds of divergence, implying hotspots for evolution, and model the build-up of genomic and reprod e, implying hotspots for evolution, and model the build-up of genomic and reproductive isolatio ic and reproductive isolation along the colonization/adaptation trajectory of sticklebacks. |
15434 | 1 | nary and ecological aspects at a global scale. the project has an emphasis on amphibian populat
|
11852 | 8 | ked and need to be dealt with together. human well-being depends not only on the provision of f
, but also on the preservation of other ecosystem services, including the conservation of speci cluding the conservation of species and ecosystems and the many benefits we derive from them. n -offs between immediate human needs and nature conservation. a range of outcomes are possible: nt economic gains, while other forms of intensification may be less compatible with conservatio ddressing the call by the international community, articulated in the rio convention on biologi r a unified approach to managing entire ecosystems. specifically i will develop a tool for guid ire minimal additional deforestation or habitat degradation. |
14218 | 3 | ates major selective forces driving the evolution of organisms. the study of life-history trade
positive genotypic correlations between traits, regardless of the existence or absence of trade nce of trade-offs. moreover, some plant traits , as well as herbivore host specificity will be |
2482 | 15 | sing need to develop predictive aquatic ecosystem models to better understand and mitigate effe
derstand and mitigate effects of global warming, eutrophication and fisheries. contemporary mod models a limited number of bulk-biomass functional groups; typically two phytoplankton , or alt ies. however, the structure, states and function of natural systems are more dynamic, with a br more dynamic, with a broad continuum of functional groups competing for limited resources throu minant forms and biodiversity of marine ecosystems are variables, not rigid parameters as in pr erefore, the next generation of aquatic community and ecosystem models must allow functional gr ext generation of aquatic community and ecosystem models must allow functional groups to be pre mmunity and ecosystem models must allow functional groups to be predictions from and not input oplankton communities emerge from basic traits at the level of individuals. because these model parameters such as empirically derived growth and mortality rates. in modelling parlance, the such as empirically derived growth and mortality rates. in modelling parlance, the theories of derived growth and mortality rates. in modelling parlance, the theories of adaptive behaviour iour provide a closure where individual scale processes and their consequences can be modelled g to fundamental rules. the traditional functional group approach will be replaced by a trait-b |
6929 | 5 | the aim of the project is to study of community assembly within a trait-based theoretical fra
framework. two theories are considered: habitat filtering and limiting similarity. habitat filt itat filtering and limiting similarity. habitat filtering means that the species traits are fil arity. habitat filtering means that the species traits are filtered by habitat conditions will that the species traits are filtered by habitat conditions will be compatible and may join to l |
12031 | 5 | ecific biodiversity : quantification on model organisms sources of neutral and functional trans
ecific biodiversity : quantification on model organisms sources of neutral and functional trans trans-specific biodiversity . adaptive traits include auto-incompatibility system, adaptation o toxic resources and biotic or abiotic stress, or plant developmental traits. main results : w abiotic stress, or plant developmental traits. main results : we developed statistics allowing |
15168 | 3 | general hypothesis, we propose that the environment and land uses have acted differentially in
of ecological relevance in both areas: geomorphology and secondary succession. the study is ba evance in both areas: geomorphology and secondary succession. the study is based on a systemic, |
1991 | 2 | tential and the genomic architecture of evolution. the project will assess the variability in i
nbreeding depression in various fitness traits, among and within populations of varying size, w |
10043 | 9 | the agro-ecosystems of the semi-arid west africa provide the liv
le people in the world. within this low-productivity area islands of successful land management f people in these enviroenments and out-scale these farming systems. however, little is underst such improvements in the farming system productivity will effect on-and off-farm ecosystem reso roductivity will effect on-and off-farm ecosystem resources. this proposal aims to begin develo in these regions will effect the wider environment. in this proposed project a research partne centre for ecology, law and policy the development of a 3-year research proposal allowing the ot areas of niger and/or burkina faso - development of a full 3 year research partnership propo d around the potential of participatory gis for assessing livelihood dependancies in agro-eco s |
13872 | 3 | blood of the tropical migrant birds and abundance of presumably suitable vectors. the reason fo
ssion is believed to be our cool summer climate, preventing the parasite to successfully develo has changed repeatedly in the course of evolution. hence, with the large number of tropical avi |
13591 | 3 | y based on inventories of local species abundance. however, the pay-off of such inventory based
actions is often poor as shown for agri-environment schemes. one possibility is that many conse se this may have consequences for which habitat to protect. |
15091 | 3 | project. first the synthesis study and modeling to predict effects of global change on ecosyst
tudy and modeling to predict effects of global change on ecosystem functioning. to predict effects of global change on ecosystem functioning. |
12176 | 4 | landscape. however, the trends in their abundance and distribution suggested by various surveys
ever, the trends in their abundance and distribution suggested by various surveys during the pa ation. taken together, the analysis and modelling of trends in numbers and required replacement ure this valuable visual and ecological habitat component. |
209 | 8 | ject is to give scientifically grounded evaluation on the influence of ecological conditions an
versity of bryophyte and vascular plant vegetation of wetland communities. study communities ar tion periods have formed specific plant community structure on meadows, which is sensitive to t role of bryophytes in restoring species richness of wetlands. study sites are located in floodp lain grasslands at alam-pedja and endla nature reserves, and coastal meadows of west-estonia an ws of west-estonia and saaremaa island. vegetation and hydrological analyses will be done in fi e tested during the project: 1 specific hydrology of wetlands has different influence on vascul term influence on species diversity and richness; 4 rare bryophytes with strict ecological dema |
12450 | 11 | objective assess trends in species and community indicators and evaluate the effects of enviro
assess trends in species and community indicators and evaluate the effects of environmental pa arameters and human activities on those indicators using data on the abundance and distribution s on those indicators using data on the abundance and distribution of young fish, shellfish and icators using data on the abundance and distribution of young fish, shellfish and epibenthos in ted by anthropogenic changes, including climate change, to the coastal environment. provide ins ncluding climate change, to the coastal environment. provide insights into changes in the abund t. provide insights into changes in the abundance and distribution of commercial and non-commer ights into changes in the abundance and distribution of commercial and non-commercial species t -commercial species that can be used as indicators of ecosystem health. this is important for t ecies that can be used as indicators of ecosystem health. this is important for the management |
7266 | 2 | with two partners to redefine the very nature of these ant mutualism plants-
o redefine the very nature of these ant mutualism plants- |
11548 | 8 | topic: 10. oxygen isotope measurements to enhance production/respi
oxygen isotope measurements to enhance production/respiration comparisons and bio-optical mode tope measurements to enhance production/respiration comparisons and bio-optical models * compar thodological and instrument advances in oxygen stable isotopes, phytoplankton photo-physiology gical and instrument advances in oxygen stable isotopes, phytoplankton photo-physiology and ana in membrane inlet mass spectrometry and oxygen isotope analysis to pml s primary production and xygen isotope analysis to pml s primary production and optics groups in order to contribute to contribute to the comparison of primary production methodologies outlined in theme 2 and theme |
15112 | 2 | oject is to develop an individual-based model on the consumer signatures using resources distri
the consumer signatures using resources distribution mixtures. the probabilistic approaches bas |
15523 | 8 | facets, basic research in the field of herbivory under conditions of insularity, and an applie
some mediterranean islands, quaternary vegetation evolved with herbivorous mammals that had a als that had a major regulatory role on vegetation. thus current vegetation could absorb the im latory role on vegetation. thus current vegetation could absorb the impact of the introduction threatening its survival by increasing herbivory pressure on vegetation. in particular we will val by increasing herbivory pressure on vegetation. in particular we will study the diet of myo so be meant to detect possible signs of climate change. also, we will carry out a comparative s . another aspect to address will be the habitat use by the two goat species, in order to determ |
13720 | 11 | the northern pike is an important top predator in lakes. its predation may cause trophic casc
an important top predator in lakes. its predation may cause trophic cascades, propagating throu dator in lakes. its predation may cause trophic cascades, propagating throughout the food web. ic cascades, propagating throughout the food web. it may thereby affect lake ecosystem composit he food web. it may thereby affect lake ecosystem composition, and ultimately e.g. water qualit ltimately e.g. water quality, fisheries productivity and biological richness. pike are also can , fisheries productivity and biological richness. pike are also cannibalistic and kleptoparasit would all structure the pike population distribution. these factors would affect the top-down c ent combinations increase pike foraging efficiency or create refuges for prey. this proposal fo the complex interactions found in lake ecosystems, that may determine e.g. shallow lake water ermine e.g. shallow lake water quality, productivity and species composition. |
13440 | 7 | inuation of work during 2008-2009 where food web structure among soil fauna, mainly collembola,
d by different amounts and qualities of organic matter and different crops and cultivation inte vation intensity - is the soil organism food web more stable and resilient in agricultural soil agricultural soils with high levels of organic matter than in depleted soil - which species an h species and groups live from the dead organic matter the composition of the soil fauna will b will be analyzed by fatty acid analysis plfa. trophic relations will be analyzed with mass spec of the isotope be followed through the food web. |
11757 | 2 | natural abundance isotope ratio signatures will be determined f
d chain collected during phase 2 marine productivity cruises in the n.atlantic. this will enabl |
11288 | 26 | oceans. it is also characterised by an oxygen minimum zone ; omz s are areas of water that hav
s are areas of water that have very low oxygen concentrations. our study area is the oman conti al margin, here the omz impinges on the sediment community. this has implications for the fauna , here the omz impinges on the sediment community. this has implications for the fauna living h ations for the fauna living here. where oxygen concentrations are low, the faunal community wil ygen concentrations are low, the faunal community will be characterised by soft bodied animals mixing of the water column which brings nutrients to the surface waters feeding microscopic pla sink and die form a food source for the sediment faunal community. additionally under condition m a food source for the sediment faunal community. additionally under conditions of low oxygen y. additionally under conditions of low oxygen concentrations, bacteria can use sulphur to fix ations, bacteria can use sulphur to fix carbon for energy. this is known as chemosynthesis and teria can use sulphur to fix carbon for energy. this is known as chemosynthesis and these bacte provide a potential food source for the sediment community. the bacteria can be free living, or potential food source for the sediment community. the bacteria can be free living, or can form be free living, or can form mats on the sediment surface for the fauna to graze on. the balance n. the balance between food sources and oxygen concentrations is likely to be critical to the b any perturbation may lead to a shift in community structure. we intend to investigate the food igate the food sources available to the sediment community and to understand the trophic linkag food sources available to the sediment community and to understand the trophic linkages that e trophic linkages that exist within the sediment community. we believe that where oxygen concen linkages that exist within the sediment community. we believe that where oxygen concentrations diment community. we believe that where oxygen concentrations are low, bacterial food sources m tant role in trophic dynamics and where oxygen is high the dominant food source will be the mic rtunity to study the impact of enhanced hypoxia on sedimentary communities, as the result of a thin and below the omz which led to the development of chemosynthesis and a potential food sour ic animals. we will compare the benthic community structure with that at the pakistan margin, w |
14517 | 13 | streams and their riparian vegetation are ecotones of intense interaction between
raction between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. riparian vegetation, among other aspects, c ic and terrestrial ecosystems. riparian vegetation, among other aspects, contribute to maintain pects, contribute to maintain secondary productivity of the stream. several studies have shown he stream. several studies have shown a dominance of the heterotrophic pathway of energy flow i minance of the heterotrophic pathway of energy flow in the benthic trophic web of forested head treams. here, experiments consisting in leaf litter addition to the stream, have demonstrated a located in semi-arid regions, inputs of leaf litter from the riparian vegetation are scarce and inputs of leaf litter from the riparian vegetation are scarce and of low quality for detritivor , some data suggest that the autotrofic energy flow to macroinvertebrates might be limited by s itative trophic limitation of deciduous leaf litter on benthic macroinvertebrates, comparing fo the potential qualitative limitation of leaf litter inputs to macroinvertebrates, comparing the to orientate the management of riparian vegetation. |
14467 | 3 | he project are: characterization of the distribution of biological quality elements – phytoplan
nder the project, we expect to identify indicator groups among the species from the biological ty of sofia and to attract students for development of their msc theses. the compiled manual is |
13579 | 6 | al approach to study the constraints on secondary production in aquatic food webs with autotrop
ints on secondary production in aquatic food webs with autotrophic and detrital resource bases. ent of food affect the trophic transfer efficiency across the plant-consumer interface these st t and understanding of patterns in pufa distribution in aquatic habitats and their importance f rophic transfer, which is a fundamental ecosystem process. the project contributes to our capac d for sustainable management of aquatic ecosystems. |
10157 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
10174 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
10426 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
11426 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
11711 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
11712 | 22 | e, yet different, effects on the global climate. we have a limited understanding of their conte
ir contemporary and future responses to global change. tropical rainforests are a major terrest cal rainforests are a major terrestrial carbon store and are currently estimated to account for r around half of the global terrestrial carbon sink. although rainfall is a key determinant aff rs and how they interact in influencing vegetation type is still poor - all global vegetation m etation type is still poor - all global vegetation models currently misspecify the distribution and predicting transitions in tropical vegetation at local, regional and global scales. a dryi savanna, this then feeding back on the climate system as a consequence of changes in surface e as a consequence of changes in surface energy and mass balances - thereby accelerating global balances - thereby accelerating global warming and tropical drying. significant transitions ce ered around the gain or loss of savanna vegetation are not restricted to south america improved nmental and edaphic determinants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. minants of the distribution of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to tion of tropical vegetation at a global scale. our main objective is to thus obtain a new knowl and the basis of differences in surface energy and co2 exchange differences between forest and esentation of these processes in global vegetation models than is currently possible. this will ly possible. this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaign . this will be achieved by a model-data development program involving field campaigns with loca gns with local collaborators to examine climate/soil/disturbance associations in key hot spot r de new insights into impending tropical vegetation change, associated climatic feedbacks and th limatic feedbacks and the future global climate. we anticipate this will lead to a fundamental nt in our ability to predict the global climate of the 21st century. |
7287 | 4 | he response of tropical tree species to climate change remains unclear. one approach is to expl
tional features vary along contemporary climate gradients. we propose to evaluate the potential e propose to evaluate the potential for climate change adaptation of plant lineages building on we will contact the concerted change of functional traits and phylogenetic similarity along two |
10242 | 4 | ground-level concentrations of ozone vegetation. as such, findings will improve both nationa
european assessments of risks posed to vegetation by o3 and will contribute to the development tation by o3 and will contribute to the development of appropriate legislation and mitigation o elopment of appropriate legislation and mitigation of this ubiquitous and damaging air pollutan |
11257 | 4 | ground-level concentrations of ozone vegetation. as such, findings will improve both nationa
european assessments of risks posed to vegetation by o3 and will contribute to the development tation by o3 and will contribute to the development of appropriate legislation and mitigation o elopment of appropriate legislation and mitigation of this ubiquitous and damaging air pollutan |
11736 | 4 | ground-level concentrations of ozone vegetation. as such, findings will improve both nationa
european assessments of risks posed to vegetation by o3 and will contribute to the development tation by o3 and will contribute to the development of appropriate legislation and mitigation o elopment of appropriate legislation and mitigation of this ubiquitous and damaging air pollutan |
9966 | 4 | ground-level concentrations of ozone vegetation. as such, findings will improve both nationa
european assessments of risks posed to vegetation by o3 and will contribute to the development tation by o3 and will contribute to the development of appropriate legislation and mitigation o elopment of appropriate legislation and mitigation of this ubiquitous and damaging air pollutan |
2489 | 13 | sustainable management of ecosystems requires understanding about drivers that ca
ng about drivers that causes changes in ecosystems and services. surprisingly little is known a es fail to see the social causes behind ecosystem changes that would have been better understoo hysical drivers. the circumpolar tundra ecosystem is a good model system for integration analys circumpolar tundra ecosystem is a good model system for integration analyses of drivers, becau nthropogenic drivers, whereas the basic ecosystem properties on ecosystems and services. we foc ereas the basic ecosystem properties on ecosystems and services. we focus on endogenous drivers ractions with exogenous drivers such as climate and the global economy need to be controlled fo introduce substantial changes in tundra ecosystems. the project is divided in three stages. fir lations/nepi, property rights and civil participation, as well as the economic and human develo tion, as well as the economic and human development is related to direct drivers is investigate vers, allows analyses of the effects on ecosystem transitions/states and on services. we concen on local resource dependency to measure ecosystem services. third, we integrate all analyses to |
10545 | 7 | photosynthetic primary production is the basis of much of the oceanic food cha
of much of the oceanic food chain. the energy fixed by phytoplankton is transferred to grazers to grazers and to higher consumers. the efficiency of the energy transfer between producer and higher consumers. the efficiency of the energy transfer between producer and consumer reflects and consumer reflects the state of the ecosystem, for example nutrient replete vs nutrient def deficient. through sinking, particulate organic matter , the biochemistry of the zooplankton an o assess how micro-organisms break down organic matter in the twilight zone and how and whether |
10710 | 3 | we seek better understanding of the nature and scale of biodiversity at the microbial level
better understanding of the nature and scale of biodiversity at the microbial level. are the s the norm, what are the consequences for ecosystem functions being everywhere . |
10749 | 3 | we seek better understanding of the nature and scale of biodiversity at the microbial level
better understanding of the nature and scale of biodiversity at the microbial level. are the s the norm, what are the consequences for ecosystem functions being everywhere . |
12374 | 1 | o and paris treaty and to advise on the development of the uk strategy for tbt monitoring in fu
|
12678 | 3 | the contractor will develop an indicator of genetic diversity in farm animals at uk an
onsult the scientific and policy making community, refine as required and finalise the indicato ty, refine as required and finalise the indicator and associated assessment of change over time |
12257 | 4 | the environmental change network is to protect and improve
e network is to protect and improve the environment, and to integrate the environment with othe e the environment, and to integrate the environment with other policies across government and i rove the understanding of the causes of environmental change. there are currently 57 ecn sites, |
12384 | 4 | to date working groups for fish, ocean function and human activities have been established, ho
tablished, however a gap exists for the development of a biodiversity technical group. final re p. final report: please note that since production of the final report the ukmmas has refined i ngs please see: http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/water/marine/uk/science/monitoring.htm |
12052 | 1 | strategies in new caledonian ultramafic ecosystems. a multidisciplinary approach: botany, ecolo
|
205 | 2 | the ultrasculpture on their scales the function of the ultrasculpture. the studies can affirm
reparatory project for the study of the development of fish fauna at different evolutionary sta |
10194 | 2 | will also better inform the statistical community of the issues raised by such models, challeng
informal and constructive intellectual environment around the scheduled workshop events to max |
11627 | 4 | ncerned with developing methods for the evaluation of models in the face of data limitations an
els in the face of data limitations and model structure limitations. it will also consider how y reflect the dominant processes at the scale of application. a further component of the projec nsport, and the impacts of land use and climate change. the project will have a major training |
12275 | 2 | animal and plant genetics research and development in helping to deliver on likely future poli
elations between measured variables and methane output. |
443 | 9 | in this project we have studied the evolution of the distribution of major tree taxa over e
ct we have studied the evolution of the distribution of major tree taxa over europe from the la in this project. the validation of the model caraib with past and present pollen assembles all ture distributions of bags using arpege climate projections for scenario a2. simulated future d ee species, showing a shift of the bags distribution northward with mediterranean bags present ween the amplitude of change in species distribution during the holocene and the amplitude of c and the amplitude of change in species phenology during the last decades. this result has to b athered by the gdr sip-gecc and also by modelling using the process-based model phenofit. so by modelling using the process-based model phenofit. |
7159 | 17 | . global changes in temperature and precipitation affect the distribution o
. global changes in temperature and precipitation affect the distribution of species and he emperature and precipitation affect the distribution of species and hence community composition t the distribution of species and hence community composition. . several studies have shown tha e shown that the consequences of global warming are already perceptible, particularly in terms , particularly in terms of geographical distribution of animal and plant species and their phen n of animal and plant species and their phenology. travel to areas to higher latitudes or altit ble in some species, and quun advancing development cycles. study the impact of climate change development cycles. study the impact of climate change on biodiversity necessarily involves a s ynthesis phase data on the geographical distribution of species, and what is more at different s. all of the findings of the impact of climate change comes into effect substantial database r some to understand how the geographical distribution is affected by the abiotic environment. in distribution is affected by the abiotic environment. in this project we propose to establish a ce. these databases used to analyze the evolution of biodiversity in france since the holocene use, related to the results provided by phenology and pollen data, allow an identification of t sitive species and groups of species to climate change and quune more complete analysis of the validation predictions obtained by each model for climatic change scenarios |
12705 | 1 | itain. the project will investigate bat mortality and activity at a range of wind turbine insta
|
10351 | 6 | the unstable isotope of carbon, 14c or radiocarbon, is produced via the interac
action between cosmic ray particles and nitrogen in the upper atmosphere. it is subsequently di sphere and ocean, a dynamic terrestrial carbon cycle, and a detailed representation of the ocea a detailed representation of the ocean carbon cycle, and is capable of multi-millennial simula itative understanding of the changes in climate and carbon cycling. rstanding of the changes in climate and carbon cycling. |
12262 | 7 | % of the uk`s agricultural land and the development of systems of land use and livestock produc
nt of systems of land use and livestock production with reduced environmental footprints is ess ates directive, the current revision of nitrate vulnerable zones . our developing understanding rol of key environmental sustainability traits and their incorporation into new varieties forms rch will assist uk farming in combating climate change and the uk in developing the appropriate s major areas of concern for defra, the environment agency, the uk water industry and other sta s from the more extreme consequences of climate change and the need for environmentally sustain |
10223 | 6 | of the watershed services that support ecosystems and people has been weak. yet, assuring the
important, especially in the context of climate variability and the growth of agribusiness and context of climate variability and the growth of agribusiness and mining. payment for environm lity and the growth of agribusiness and mining. payment for environmental services by asking th of agribusiness and mining. payment for environmental services by asking this question, we seek tter understand how watershed processes function in landscapes that are shaped by both ecologic |
11694 | 6 | of the watershed services that support ecosystems and people has been weak. yet, assuring the
important, especially in the context of climate variability and the growth of agribusiness and context of climate variability and the growth of agribusiness and mining. payment for environm lity and the growth of agribusiness and mining. payment for environmental services by asking th of agribusiness and mining. payment for environmental services by asking this question, we seek tter understand how watershed processes function in landscapes that are shaped by both ecologic |
10831 | 23 | gest uncertainties in predicting future climate includes the response from o3 in the tropospher
response from o3 in the troposphere to climate change. tropospheric o3 is a greenhouse gas tha an-made hydrocarbons in the presence of nitrogen oxides. it is also an air pollutant that at el estimates of hydrocarbons from tropical ecosystems. emissions from tropical ecosystems represen cal ecosystems. emissions from tropical ecosystems represent more than 75% of global emissions more than 75% of global emissions from vegetation and are therefore particularly important to and perhaps minimize its role in future climate. tropical ecosystems emit large quantities of a ze its role in future climate. tropical ecosystems emit large quantities of a wide range of rea they respond to changes in weather and climate . the spatial and temporal variability of these satellite data over different tropical ecosystems and during different seasons can be explaine be explained by changes in weather and climate. we will use these data to develop a more accur ata to develop a more accurate emission model of tropical ecosystems that describes how large-s ore accurate emission model of tropical ecosystems that describes how large-scale vegetation on cal ecosystems that describes how large-scale vegetation on different continents during differe osystems that describes how large-scale vegetation on different continents during different sea fferent seasons responds to weather and climate. implementing the emission model into a larger and climate. implementing the emission model into a larger computer model of the atmosphere, w e emission model into a larger computer model of the atmosphere, which includes chemical reacti y lead to a more accurate simulation of climate. tropical ecosystems represent an important wea ccurate simulation of climate. tropical ecosystems represent an important weakness in our curre ess in our current understanding of the evolution of earth s climate. my proposed research will derstanding of the evolution of earth s climate. my proposed research will provide us with a mo g implications for our understanding of climate. |
15533 | 5 | riparian and stream ecosystems are tightly coupled through the exchange of
upled through the exchange of water and nutrients, conforming a functional landscape unit that . in particular, riparian forests alter nitrogen cycling in the riparian soil, and nitrogen exc rogen cycling in the riparian soil, and nitrogen exchanges with the stream, through processes s h the stream, through processes such as nitrogen fixation . |
15534 | 5 | riparian and stream ecosystems are tightly coupled through the exchange of
upled through the exchange of water and nutrients, conforming a functional landscape unit that . in particular, riparian forests alter nitrogen cycling in the riparian soil, and nitrogen exc rogen cycling in the riparian soil, and nitrogen exchanges with the stream, through processes s h the stream, through processes such as nitrogen fixation . |
10400 | 6 | oups, such as increased protection from predators and greater opportunities for finding food an
re transmitted between individuals in a density-dependent manner: the more individuals there ar ve evolved a strategy to cope with this density-related increase in the risk of becoming infect ing infected. this strategy is known as density-dependent prophylaxis , as well as the role of ing key aspects of immunity and disease resistance in insects. longer-term, we hope to gain a m in generating variation in immunity and resistance to a wide range of parasites and pathogens. |
10133 | 7 | nly become invasive, taking over island ecosystems and thereby suppressing ground breeding bird
essing ground breeding birds and native vegetation. the reasons for this rapid expansion are mi who fertilise the soil and disturb the vegetation through burrowing and trampling. manure-rich from which they gradually invade island ecosystems. the problem occurs not only in scotland, bu guano from birds will be added, and the vegetation disturbed just like seabirds do in their bre ay a critical role. in both places, the growth of tree mallow plants from scotland and cornwall nvasives, to the benefit of our natural environment. |
14189 | 9 | growth rate of an organism is increasingly being treate
nism is increasingly being treated as a life history trait of its own right. there is evidence s evidence accumulating that individual growth rate is not maximised within the limits set by p value. in insects, the benefits of high growth rate are easy to see. in contrast, despite of th decades, the evidence of costs of high growth rate has remained fragmentary. we are currently gueness of the definition of individual growth rate. here we propose - in order to shed light o in order to shed light on costs of high growth rate - to systematically study growth rates of l h growth rate - to systematically study growth rates of lepidopteran larvae by means of both wi in- and among-population comparisons of growth rate in a number of insect species. we will appl |
14895 | 4 | rks of interactions. an example of such complexity involves pelagic birds, which act as privile
pelagic birds, which act as privileged indicators of marine habitats conservation. specificall servation. specifically, procellariform development and implementation of the non-parametric st and methods from very disparate fields: remote sensing, dynamic databases, animal tracking, and |
7668 | 6 | coastal ecosystems host high human population densities and are
tsunami of 2004 has shown that wherever ecosystems are undermined, the ability to adapt and reg ence of large disturbances the mangrove ecosystems in indonesia represent one fourth of the wor roves has resulted in a resilient socio-ecosystem. across the strait, the mangroves in north su ed for agriculture or used for charcoal production. in this coupled human-ecological system, ou s and policy makers using participatory modeling as a common platform. this will allow us to un |
13770 | 3 | iated with fragmentation, isolation and habitat quality at a landscape scale. the project also
tion and habitat quality at a landscape scale. the project also examines historical land use an o spatial issues, temporal processes of habitat fragmentation are poorly understood although th |
10624 | 9 | ntial for ecm fungi to influence forest carbon cycles has become clear. they play a fundamental
cing both sequestration and emission of carbon from soil. ecm species are likely to respond dif in the way they partition plant-derived carbon between biomass and respiration. changes in ecm lant-derived carbon between biomass and respiration. changes in ecm community structure, and/or biomass and respiration. changes in ecm community structure, and/or in the amount of external m al mycelium produced, may influence the carbon balance of forest ecosystems and have important influence the carbon balance of forest ecosystems and have important feedbacks on nutrient cap acks on nutrient capture. we will study carbon partitioning of ecm fungi with contrasting ecolo her observed patterns are maintained in symbiosis under elevated co2. |
12680 | 7 | the project will compare bird abundance data with land cover data, from habitat inven
t will compare bird abundance data with land cover data, from habitat inventories and from the undance data with land cover data, from habitat inventories and from the land cover map. it wil , from habitat inventories and from the land cover map. it will assess the importance of differ will assess the importance of different habitat types and their availability within the landsca within the landscape in determining the distribution and abundance of farmland, woodland and wa ape in determining the distribution and abundance of farmland, woodland and water birds. it wil |
11292 | 9 | ng in response to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels. such r
the burning of fossil fuels. such rapid environmental change is likely to have far-reaching imp of carbonate, bicarbonate and dissolved carbon dioxide and ph in the surface ocean, which is ch bonate and dissolved carbon dioxide and ph in the surface ocean, which is changing as a consequ quence of rapid increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide. organisms which produce external calciu ay offset the impact of decreased ocean ph on the calcification process. overall, these studies e the interpretation of coccolithophore distribution patterns in relation to ocean inorganic ca patterns in relation to ocean inorganic carbon chemistry and will allow us to construct better to increased ocean acidity on a global scale. |
11281 | 9 | l lakes have been designated a priority habitat within the eu habitats directive for their nutr
their nutrient-poor waters with benthic vegetation of charophytes transition from macrophyte to sition from macrophyte to phytoplankton dominance. a decline in charophyte species richness lea inance. a decline in charophyte species richness leads to an encroachment of elodeid macrophyte llations between charophyte and elodeid dominance. these changes occur in conjunction with a re in conjunction with a reduction in marl precipitation. finally, submerged macrophytes are displ t with the total cessation of carbonate precipitation. 3. on a shorter timescale, reductions in timescale, reductions in plant species richness result in a progressive decrease in the season ctive, and providing information to the environment agency on reference conditions and ecologic |
11485 | 10 | for evolution to occur, individuals must vary genetically s
y differ from one another in measurable traits. a simplistic model of evolution is that if some ther in measurable traits. a simplistic model of evolution is that if some genes build individu easurable traits. a simplistic model of evolution is that if some genes build individuals that uantitative genetic theory in which the traits are described according to how they vary in rela g to how they vary in relation to other traits. so for instance, tall people typically tend to proven success in predicting phenotypic evolution across a single generation, its success over these populations. we will examine the evolution of g for male call structure across these 6 p ause it is central to understanding how evolution proceeds. for instance, if we are wondering w to understand how observed variation in temperature tolerance is likely to translate into an ev |
11586 | 17 | chids is facilitated by their vast seed production, a single plant typically releasing over 25,
ority of these cases the plant supplies carbon, which it has fixed through photosynthesis, to t is, to the fungus in return for mineral nutrients taken up from soil. this is a mutualistic sym ken up from soil. this is a mutualistic symbiosis where both partners derive a benefit the rela what is unusual about the orchid-fungal symbiosis is that the fungus supplies both nutrients an biosis is that the fungus supplies both nutrients and carbon to the young plants without any ob the fungus supplies both nutrients and carbon to the young plants without any obvious benefit ctions between orchid and fungus. using carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources enriched with s etween orchid and fungus. using carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources enriched with specific and fungus. using carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources enriched with specific isotopes of t the mysteries surrounding this unusual symbiosis, answering two key questions for the first ti can, in one species, benefit from this symbiosis and that the adult orchid continues to benefi t orchid continues to benefit from this symbiosis. despite this major breakthrough with one spe een orchids behave in this way, how the carbon and nutrients are transferred between plant and behave in this way, how the carbon and nutrients are transferred between plant and fungus and ungus and whether being able to acquire carbon from a fungus has enabled some adult orchids to ons where they are unable to fix enough carbon into sugars to meet their needs and effectively |
10065 | 1 | the rate of increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide programmes.
|
11599 | 15 | m and dry weather that led to flammable vegetation, dry peat soils and the potential for severe
ldfires can cause significant damage to ecosystem function, particularly in areas of high sever releases significant amounts of fossil carbon and can have a profound effect on total uk emmis s and a potential imbalance between the carbon lost from burnt vegetation and that which can be ance between the carbon lost from burnt vegetation and that which can be sequesterd by regenera ncern about potential feedbacks between climate, fire frequency, fire severity and carbon fluxe mate, fire frequency, fire severity and carbon fluxes from peatlands. for this reason there is th regards to moorland biodiversity and carbon stores. this research will play an important rol everities on the above and below ground carbon balance and ecosystem functioning of moorlands. ove and below ground carbon balance and ecosystem functioning of moorlands. we will map the per e perimeter of recent wildfires and the distribution of broad classes of fire severity. in area l make estimates of the total amount of carbon lost from the system due to combustion and asses to combustion and assess differences in vegetation regeneration and carbon fluxes from peat in ferences in vegetation regeneration and carbon fluxes from peat in burnt and unburnt plots. by ic resource that will allow us to track ecosystem change over time and provide a focus for futu |
12647 | 2 | is a need to understand the extent and distribution of annex i habitats occurring in uk marine
i habitats in uk offshore to: •map the distribution and extent of seabed habitats; •to assess |
15330 | 10 | drought-induced tree mortality is emerging as a global phenomenon, and it is
o increase in the future as a result of climate change, particularly in water-limited regions s regions such as the mediterranean. tree mortality episodes linked to extreme climatic events ha ome cases, will result in shifts in the distribution of forest species in relatively short peri ges in the structure and functioning of ecosystems, as well as in the services they provide to heir feedbacks to the drivers of global environmental change, we need to understand the factors een proposed to explain drought-induced mortality in trees: hydraulic failure underlying drough failure underlying drought-induced tree mortality in relation to the main strategies to cope wi lants, an improved understanding of the carbon balance of plants and of phloem transport and th y they are affected by drought, and the development of more realistic models of long distance t |
12726 | 6 | of these topics: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.in
s: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.involve collabor ion for uk priority species through the production and dissemination of guidance for conservati rough the wide dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly explain how t high transaction costs. the aim of this competition is to develop a mechanism which allows esta |
12731 | 6 | of these topics: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.in
s: a.status and trends in abundance and distribution b.taxonomy c.autecology 3.involve collabor ion for uk priority species through the production and dissemination of guidance for conservati rough the wide dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly dissemination of data on abundance and distribution. the proposal should clearly explain how t high transaction costs. the aim of this competition is to develop a mechanism which allows esta |
14361 | 3 | blems or threat. similarly, the regular production of thematic maps validation of the results.
ing chain from orthorectified images to land cover change data. the main challenge of this proc pes that are necessary to perform large scale wall-to-wall monitoring in tropical regions. this |
13927 | 9 | and as some are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen they also contribute significantly to the nitr
ey also contribute significantly to the nitrogen economy in these vast ecosystems. recent data y to the nitrogen economy in these vast ecosystems. recent data indicates that unicellular, pic s nodularia, and may be responsible for nitrogen fixation rates observed in the dark in the sou ylogenetic identification and study the ecological function that marine unicellular cyanobacter se special attention will be focused on nitrogen fixers, gas chromatography/acetylene reduction r assays will also be used to determine nitrogen fixation activities. all these data will enabl and the way these microbial communities function, allowing for the resolution of their differen s in the environmental conditions, as a function of time, space, and abiotic and biotic variati |
1964 | 7 | at only less than 1% of all bacteria in nature have been isolated in pure cultures. however, th
ver, the value of this biodiversity for ecosystem functioning is still enigmatic. so far only a uestions in microbial ecology: how does nature permit the coexistence and survival in one and t stence and survival in one and the same environment of so many species with the same or nearly th the same or nearly identical type of metabolism the proposed research will try to obtain ins fate reducers in natural and engineered ecosystems. in addition, we expect to be able to define ferentiation, and develop a theoretical model that can be tested in practice. |
14222 | 13 | knowledge about the historical development of plant communities is highly important fo
derstanding the present-day patterns in community structure and in species diversity. understan diversity. understanding the long-term community development is also a key issue for planning . understanding the long-term community development is also a key issue for planning the protec s can be used to reconstruct changes in vegetation composition and in plant species diversity a ological datasets. analyzing changes in vegetation structure and in richness patterns across se changes in vegetation structure and in richness patterns across several pollen sites for subse struct different pathways of historical vegetation development and to relate the historical and erent pathways of historical vegetation development and to relate the historical and present-da historical and present-day patterns in vegetation and species diversity. because estonia has m hips between historical and present-day vegetation. the objectives are: to evaluate existing bi s in the light of knowledge about plant community development. ight of knowledge about plant community development. |
10313 | 7 | ome as the blueprint for organisms, the environment plays an active and crucial role in individ
n active and crucial role in individual development. consequently, variation in environmental c organisms to cope with changes in their environment and, hence, are adaptive. to answer those q ng-term studies of great tits show that stress to embryos or nestlings has similar effects as n ings has similar effects as nutritional stress have on human and laboratory animals. this means means that great tits can be used as a model system for understanding the importance of epigen uals and populations experiencing rapid environmental change. |
12603 | 3 | background defra require a literature review to collate published evidence on a the causes of
fate of the lost c. the purpose of this review is to inform a policy workshop which will be: i xt steps for evidence gathering, policy development and stakeholder engagement ; and the certai |
10579 | 2 | ble to cause disruption of reproductive development and function in fish.
ruption of reproductive development and function in fish. |
11555 | 8 | world s upper ocean supersaturated with methane we know that it is, but do not understand why.
y. evidence shows that a portion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated wat rtion of the methane comes from in situ production in oxygenated waters, however that seems to phenomenon has been termed the oceanic methane paradox . if, however, there were anaerobic mic ied the presence of methanogens oceanic methane production is, in part, associated with particu presence of methanogens oceanic methane production is, in part, associated with particulate mat udies, zooplankton grazing experiments, sediment trap studies, and these will be coupled with m gy we hope to finally unravel the ocean methane paradox. |
11571 | 2 | the evolution of sociality is one of the major transitions
l result will be the most comprehensive evaluation of the basis of helping in a primitively eus |
12476 | 1 | nal estimates were made in 2005/06. the review will update these to reflect changes in targets
|
15277 | 1 | nformation system on ibero-macaronesian vegetation in the iberian peninsula.
|
15278 | 1 | nformation system on ibero-macaronesian vegetation in the iberian peninsula.
|
15279 | 1 | nformation system on ibero-macaronesian vegetation in the iberian peninsula.
|
14335 | 1 | itute of natural sciences, institute of nature and forest research, royal museum of central afr
|
12696 | 1 | ficant relationship between mean spring temperature and the spring index.
|
12697 | 1 | de data to update the uk bat population indicator using the latest figures up to and including
|
6809 | 4 | the fossil assemblage, - describing the environment through the associated plant and vertebrate
the fossils, - examine minerals of the sediment to learn about the relief and weathering of th ng of the landscape, - draw a 3d relief model to illustrate the depositional environment. - pal ef model to illustrate the depositional environment. - palaeogeography based on paleocontinenta |
6855 | 3 | the project is to give a comprehensive evaluation on the upper jurassic ammonite biostratigrap
sic ammonite biostratigraphy and facies succession of the north-eastern part of the transdanubi emblages as well as the paleogeographic development of the region. |
15526 | 5 | river ecosystems are amongst the most seriously imperiled wor
due to direct impacts on fish and their habitat and to their facilitating role for the establis f the impacts of river damming on river ecosystems, focusing on river fish communities; and ii g on river fish communities; and ii the development of useful tools to design sustainable strat shwater fish communities, including the dominance of invasive species and their biotic integrit |
11725 | 3 | y species, some of which live at higher density than in their traditional rural habitat. despit
density than in their traditional rural habitat. despite the potential importance of the urban e the potential importance of the urban environment for wildlife, our knowledge of urban ecolog |
13744 | 8 | urban nature is often severely fragmented and only small isol
will be used to answer whether critical thresholds exist, at a city level, in the proportional fragments. we will also examine species richness and community structure in relation to local h will also examine species richness and community structure in relation to local habitat qualit ommunity structure in relation to local habitat quality and matrix quality at multiple scales . ess movement rates of butterflies along habitat corridors. which species and habitat corridor c ng habitat corridors. which species and habitat corridor characteristics, respectively, promote e rates are associated with patterns of density. this experimental approach will allow us to me |
15581 | 31 | n europe.the understanding of how urban ecosystems work, how they change, and what limits their
rmance, can add to the understanding of ecosystem change and governance in general in an ever m are facing enormous challenges, such as climate change and transformation to a future beyond fo mation to a future beyond fossil fuels. ecosystems may play an important role in facilitating t le in facilitating this transformation. ecosystems provide flexibility in urban landscapes and bridged rapidly to increase the pace of development towards a sustainable planet that is increa questions the consortium will focus on functional diversity, urban ecosystem services, institu ll focus on functional diversity, urban ecosystem services, institutions, economics and resilie le management of urban biodiversity and ecosystem service generation and communicate this to im ders. cluster i: urban biodiversity and ecosystem services what are the drivers behind loss/enh rivers behind loss/enhancement of urban ecosystem services and how do they interact across scal t across scales what are the impacts of climate and other environmental changes versus impact o environmental changes versus impact of growth and/or decline-driven land use change on ecosyst impact of growth and/or decline-driven land use change on ecosystem functioning and urban ecos nd/or decline-driven land use change on ecosystem functioning and urban ecosystem services what ange on ecosystem functioning and urban ecosystem services what are the roles of species intera cosystem services what are the roles of species interactions and functional diversity for gener e the roles of species interactions and functional diversity for generation of urban ecosystem ional diversity for generation of urban ecosystem services cluster ii. valuation of biodiversit uster ii. valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services what are the methods suitable for mo -monetary valuation of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the urban landscape how can monet scape how can monetary and non-monetary ecosystems service values be integrated for decision-ma uster iii. governance and management of ecosystems and ecosystem service what are the most effe rnance and management of ecosystems and ecosystem service what are the most effective mechanism isms for the governance of non-marketed ecosystem services what is the role of formal versus in ns for ensuring effective governance of ecosystem services and facilitating needed urban transf ing urban europe has entered a critical development stage where the ability of cities to sustai evels of quality of life is questioned. climate change, natural resource shortage and patterns resource shortage and patterns of urban growth and decline linked to demographic and economic s ed the narrow limits of the established development model and imply substantial risks for the e w limits of the established development model and imply substantial risks for the environmental |
10542 | 23 | positories of biodiversity. their plant community can contain up to 40 species per square metre
ecies per square metre and such species richness underpins diverse fungal and invertebrate comm ungal and invertebrate communities. the habitat supports birds of conservation interest and is e and cultural value. grassland species richness declines where the soils are enriched in phosp eclines where the soils are enriched in phosphorus. a balanced phosphorus budget is therefore i are enriched in phosphorus. a balanced phosphorus budget is therefore important in maintaining therefore important in maintaining the nature-conservation interest of these sites. such budge and. this was achieved by analysing the phosphorus status of their soils, trapping flood sedime eir soils, trapping flood sediments for phosphorus analysis and calculating hay yields and the lculating hay yields and the associated phosphorus off-take. to date, sediment trapping on thes ssociated phosphorus off-take. to date, sediment trapping on these meadows has been confined to ng results in a significantly different sediment deposit either in terms of quantity or quality rtunity to measure the actual amount of phosphorus deposited. this information will be of parti ormation will be of particular value if climate-change scenarios suggest the frequency of such were overwhelmed and thus may alter the phosphorus content of sediments immediately downstream the samples will be analysed for their phosphorus content and the mass of sediment deposited p heir phosphorus content and the mass of sediment deposited per unit area will be estimated. the t budgets at the other 5. the amount of phosphorus deposited will be compared to that calulated sly sampled winter floods and to annual phosphorus off-take in hay to assess whether the phosph s off-take in hay to assess whether the phosphorus input from summer sediment is likely to be i hether the phosphorus input from summer sediment is likely to be important in the overall budge cology willbe estimate dand compared to climate-change scenarios. if the analysis suggests summ changing the species composition of the vegetation in floodplain meadows, then the implications |
11770 | 7 | that live there and it also lowers the abundance of the harvested species. for the use of thes
le for the fishers, as mpas may promote recovery of the scallop stocks within the reserves. onc ich will maintain populations at a high density, may be the most successful method to protect t dy the effect of marine reserves on the abundance and recovery of bottom animals inside and out of marine reserves on the abundance and recovery of bottom animals inside and outside the reser created. we will follow changes of the abundance and reproduction of four species of bottom an animals over several years to quantify recovery from scallop dredging damage. we will also det |
9958 | 19 | climate change is predicted to result in warmer, drier
t in major changes in the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. human activities ar e structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. human activities are also responsible for d o responsible for disturbing the global nitrogen cycle; this has resulted in a diverse range of m altered rates of nutrient cycling and carbon storage to changes in plant community compositio and carbon storage to changes in plant community composition. fire and nitrogen deposition are n plant community composition. fire and nitrogen deposition are major drivers of ecosystem chan itrogen deposition are major drivers of ecosystem change and may result in the loss of biodiver d compromise the provision of essential ecosystem services. a recent, severe heathland fire at severe heathland fire at our long term nitrogen manipulation study site presents a unique oppo nteractions between these two important global change phenomena. nitrogen additions over the pa two important global change phenomena. nitrogen additions over the past 7 years have resulted he activity and composition of the soil microbial community, and storage of additional nutrient al community, and storage of additional nutrients both above- and below-ground. these pre-exist pected to influence the response of the microbial community to a major fire, with knock on effe rovide important insight into post-fire microbial community dynamics in soils of contrasting co ing composition, and its link with soil nutrients. in addition, we will obtain extremely valuab ed changes in belowground diversity and ecosystem function associated with elevated nitrogen de ystem function associated with elevated nitrogen deposition. |
9941 | 2 | are, how they survive in their extreme environment and how they might influence processes in d
n ancient bacteria. they may even be an environment where life on earth might have started. so |
12055 | 10 | anticipation of climate change effects on the environmental and sanitar
onary moth because of its winter larval development sensitive to limited variations in temperat ment sensitive to limited variations in temperature, pine processionary moth is a good model fo ture, pine processionary moth is a good model for the study of the consequences of climate chan el for the study of the consequences of climate change. its colonies, made up of irritant larva both altitude and altitude with winter warming up. thus, this pine forest pest is turning to a predict, by experimental approaches and modelling, the risks for specific biodiversity as well t methods in urban areas, including the mapping of the areas at sanitary risk. a set of complem cular biology techniques, including the development of adapted genetic markers, were used to re on through a coupling with mathematical modeling. the cooperation between entomologists, medica |
15133 | 2 | range of recalcitrant compounds for the environment with a similar chemical structure to the on
adation of aggressive compounds for the environment. |
7248 | 6 | the objectives of soil organic matter and is interested in the evolution
organic matter and is interested in the evolution of these lipid markers with depth, the deeper epth, the deeper horizons are richer in carbon stable. more test closeaux involving a change of ore test closeaux involving a change of vegetation, we can follow by the isotopic composition o the impact of this change in culture. * development stages of the methodology for extracting an of ore"meadow"and the site of closeaux. evolution of qualitative and quantitative tetraethers w |
7043 | 1 | lied to establish trends/changes in the vegetation and how they were triggered
|
7405 | 1 | areas subject or not to the selection. modeling will also be undertaken to develop methods for
|
2097 | 3 | maturation in male parr is a common life history in atlantic salmon, of importance for the
ation structure. the project performs a model study, in which both mature males and large adult rned adults. the goal is to compare the development of the offspring of precocious mature males |
7252 | 8 | tted to an emission reduction schedule. carbon dioxide is particularly referred. its main produ
ssions. beyond, in the rights of market development perspective to pollute, many researches are t intended to treat the entire co2, the development of such processes requires carefully consid oduced. certainly, one can envisage the production of high added-value molecules, but this may but this may lead to relatively limited production volumes. other routes should be considered p nfluence of the operating conditions of production on the quality and quantity of protein in al tein in algae. according to the ways of development of biomass, separation processes, purificat the tools necessary to extrapolate the scale process industrial |
10825 | 2 | vasive, but still mysterious effects of temperature on body size in ectotherms.
ll mysterious effects of temperature on body size in ectotherms. |
14786 | 5 | ation include industrial manufacturing, energy and fuel production, gas exhaust and also excess
dustrial manufacturing, energy and fuel production, gas exhaust and also excessive fertilizer u most metals cannot be eliminated of the environment by chemical or biological transformation ma r the remediation of metal contaminated ecosystems and are emerging as an important area of res ised. the effects of these fungi on the growth and heavy metal uptake of plants, chosen for the |
14483 | 2 | s; reproduction is further modulated by environment and ecological factors. the determination o
ind a pattern of hormone excretion as a function of sex, age and reproductive status in the moh |
10696 | 4 | satellite remote sensing will be used to provide support for the
the north atlantic study in the marine productivity programme, in particular for the seagoing in this laboratory to estimate primary production from seawifs images. satellite-based estimat mates will be verified and validated by participation in the april / may 2002 cruise planned as |
15250 | 8 | ates have increased both in numbers and distribution range. this trend has been assessed by mea
been assessed by means of hunting bags, distribution maps and through the revision of published many vertebrate scavengers, generalist predators as well as insects, bacteria and fungi. the a rs may depend upon different sources of mortality and so the spatio-temporal distribution of th of mortality and so the spatio-temporal distribution of this resource may become and important brate scavengers and its effects on the distribution, abundance and community structure of scav rs and its effects on the distribution, abundance and community structure of scavengers. ects on the distribution, abundance and community structure of scavengers. |
13827 | 3 | sh regulate their nutritional intake of energy by selecting a specific combination of macronutr
elf-selection by fish diet, with recent development of a geometrical frame work that provides a bility is expected to have an effect of energy need and learning ability. the set-up and experi |
10548 | 18 | esrc espa research programme recognises climate change as a key driver of change in ecosystems,
ate change as a key driver of change in ecosystems, ecosystems services and their links with th s a key driver of change in ecosystems, ecosystems services and their links with the causes and ll not have the skills and tools to use climate change information in espa research. through a in china and poor communities living in ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. there will be ties living in ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. there will be three activities. first, ience researchers to understand and use climate information in their research through the devel formation in their research through the development and delivery of focused workshops. second, nities dependant on natural and managed ecosystems for their livelihoods and raise awareness of heir livelihoods and raise awareness of climate change impacts in these communities using surve ommunities using surveys, communication mapping techniques and participatory learning. last, we n agenda-setting document on the use of climate information in espa research. the continued eng ting up a dual language, web-based espa climate network. this project brings together for the f er for the first time a unique group of climate and climate impacts researchers from world-lead irst time a unique group of climate and climate impacts researchers from world-leading institut rld-leading institutions concerned with climate in the uk and china, each with international re ng, in order to build capacity in using climate information within the expanding espa community e information within the expanding espa community in china. |
11324 | 18 | esrc espa research programme recognises climate change as a key driver of change in ecosystems,
ate change as a key driver of change in ecosystems, ecosystems services and their links with th s a key driver of change in ecosystems, ecosystems services and their links with the causes and ll not have the skills and tools to use climate change information in espa research. through a in china and poor communities living in ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. there will be ties living in ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. there will be three activities. first, ience researchers to understand and use climate information in their research through the devel formation in their research through the development and delivery of focused workshops. second, nities dependant on natural and managed ecosystems for their livelihoods and raise awareness of heir livelihoods and raise awareness of climate change impacts in these communities using surve ommunities using surveys, communication mapping techniques and participatory learning. last, we n agenda-setting document on the use of climate information in espa research. the continued eng ting up a dual language, web-based espa climate network. this project brings together for the f er for the first time a unique group of climate and climate impacts researchers from world-lead irst time a unique group of climate and climate impacts researchers from world-leading institut rld-leading institutions concerned with climate in the uk and china, each with international re ng, in order to build capacity in using climate information within the expanding espa community e information within the expanding espa community in china. |
11854 | 12 | the life history of a species is the set of traits that des
life history of a species is the set of traits that describe real life histories are often much that have given us our current view of life history evolution. i use datasets in which individ ven us our current view of life history evolution. i use datasets in which individuals have bee quantitative rather than qualitative in nature, i can use them to pick apart the selective forc egies. this is achieved by treating the model as a tool, rather than an end in itself, in order to perform simulated experiments on the model system. for example, we can ask how changing the ng the amount inter-annual variation in mortality might affect the optimal reproductive strateg n biology to bring new insight into the evolution of some of the very best studied animal and p in other systems. understanding how the environment ultimately shapes the evolution of a specie w the environment ultimately shapes the evolution of a species is essential if we hope to predi ps mitigate the effect of human induced environmental change. |
10878 | 1 | uropean horse chestnut to determine the efficiency of phage as a prophylactic as well as a ther
|
15101 | 7 | global climate change represents a major threat to biodiversit
xpected to suffer pronounced changes in distribution in the foreseeable future as a result of i ategies for conservation in the face of climate change. habitat models, mathematical equations ervation in the face of climate change. habitat models, mathematical equations that allow the e ns that allow the estimation of species abundance or probability of presence based on environme species distributions. in this project, habitat models will be developed for two species of but e responses of species distributions to climate change. |
13812 | 4 | ral grasslands have the highest species-richness in the rural landscape. today they are managed
with no consideration of the functional connectivity for exchange of seeds and pollen. however, ds and pollen. however, without a broad-scale perspective there is a risk of depletion of biodi then be used in a digital simulation to model species dispersal in the past and present landsca |
11078 | 6 | global warming is occurring at an unprecedented rate in human
history, causing marked changes in the distribution and abundance of many species. most resear marked changes in the distribution and abundance of many species. most research to date has fo els of biological organisation test our model predictions using manipulative experiments that s xperiments that simulate the effects of climate warming. ts that simulate the effects of climate warming. |
10098 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
10513 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
11008 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
11519 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
11522 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
9987 | 1 | projects to investigate the variety and function of aquatic micro-organisms the identification
|
11357 | 3 | c record contains the effects of global climate change, human invasion, and the megafaunal mass
nge in the biogeographical and temporal distribution of bison, caribou, brown bear and lion pop this data will be used to determine the distribution and significance of genetic effects due to |
11730 | 4 | undity, allowing coexistence when patch density varies. poor dispersal can also produce populat
ce population viscosity, local resource competition and skewed sex ratios. we propose to isolat fication of the level of local resource competition. the results of this work will connect disp the study of spatial ecology, sex ratio evolution and the maintenance of cooperation in mutuali |
11609 | 1 | f vicariant speciation, and evidence of recovery after major extinction events.
|
10775 | 2 | eading into europe. we will look at the predators in oak galls to see if this out of the east p
t pattern is in fact true for the whole community. |
12409 | 3 | s a means of monitoring plastics in the environment. fulmars are purely oceanic foragers, they
provide an integrated picture of litter abundance at the sea surface. the netherlands have a lo ng the presence of marine litter in the environment, any trends over time and will also give a |
15022 | 1 | n eighth in size. in spite of the harsh environment, endemic floras and faunas of deserts are o
|
9836 | 7 | mpts to interpret the effects of global climate change hinge on the analysis of ice and sedimen
change hinge on the analysis of ice and sediment cores from places such as greenland, antarctic y are effectively a proxy record of the temperature of the sea surface in surrounding areas. co latively intact state. by examining the vegetation records and comparing them to the animal pop ive. we will then relate the changes in vegetation and animal populations to the physical ice a mal populations to the physical ice and sediment records, to try and identify how signals in th ffects of current trends such as global warming. |
11063 | 7 | ales, bangor and decision-makers at the environment agency with the key aim of developing and i
ey aim of developing and implementing a model for knowledge transfer in environmental managemen mation using an explicit and repeatable review protocol so as to avoid bias, interpret the find ormat suitable for decision-makers. the environment agency wales has identified subject areas f wales has identified subject areas for review from its climate change strategy implementation ified subject areas for review from its climate change strategy implementation plan. the agency tation plan. the agency will assess the review evidence produced in this project and feedback i |
10852 | 7 | hanges in the prevalence of intra guild predation in relation to prey abundance and to start ex
tra guild predation in relation to prey abundance and to start exploring its dynamic implicatio in dietary reconstruction in a guild of predators in an ecosystem dominated by the cyclic fluct struction in a guild of predators in an ecosystem dominated by the cyclic fluctuations of field n most vertebrate members of the forest ecosystem and start testing specific hypotheses on the igp to modify the amplitude and delayed nature of the numerical responses of vole predators , w ture of the numerical responses of vole predators , which are likely to influence vole dynamics |
10765 | 5 | or understanding the context of current climate change. for example, investigations of the oxyg
nge. for example, investigations of the oxygen isotopes in conodont teeth are providing new ins hts into glaciations, sea level and sea temperature hundreds of millions of years ago. conodont ill provide independent data concerning temperature/depth habitat. ndent data concerning temperature/depth habitat. |
10738 | 1 | w temperatures in conditions of limited oxygen supply; it is possible to identify which morphol
|
11348 | 1 | w temperatures in conditions of limited oxygen supply; it is possible to identify which morphol
|
10248 | 5 | nvironmental conditions. maintenance of habitat diversity and access to habitats is strongly in
is strongly influenced by the degree of connectivity within lowland river catchments. lateral c ithin lowland river catchments. lateral connectivity to floodplain habitats is increasingly at isk from changes in land management and hydrology. our proposal will collect data and develop m tion of lateral habitats in relation to habitat characteristics, including those associated wit |
10453 | 5 | nvironmental conditions. maintenance of habitat diversity and access to habitats is strongly in
is strongly influenced by the degree of connectivity within lowland river catchments. lateral c ithin lowland river catchments. lateral connectivity to floodplain habitats is increasingly at isk from changes in land management and hydrology. our proposal will collect data and develop m tion of lateral habitats in relation to habitat characteristics, including those associated wit |
9989 | 5 | nvironmental conditions. maintenance of habitat diversity and access to habitats is strongly in
is strongly influenced by the degree of connectivity within lowland river catchments. lateral c ithin lowland river catchments. lateral connectivity to floodplain habitats is increasingly at isk from changes in land management and hydrology. our proposal will collect data and develop m tion of lateral habitats in relation to habitat characteristics, including those associated wit |
14647 | 1 | increase in uv-b radiation in a type of ecosystems particularly delicate in this respect, such
|
153 | 7 | parts in needed extent and with needed density that could be habitats for many different speci
ow is the biodiversity dependent on the nature of riparian plant communities and landuse. the o uffer zones as connecting corridors for migration of different species from one core area or ha different species from one core area or habitat to another. the objective is to investigate the tigate the relations between the insect migration and riparian plant communities. 3. how does t rements of these insect species for the habitat. 4. what are the relations between pollinators endence of biodiversity on the riparian habitat types and their land use. the relations between |
10893 | 4 | loss and degradation of tropical forest ecosystems and the associated impact on ecosystem servi
ecosystems and the associated impact on ecosystem services and biodiversity at a range of scale plication for a partnership and project development grant is designed to address these needs at n form the basis of subsequent proposal development. |
10768 | 1 | novel mechanism to pay communities for ecosystem services provided by the amazon. pi: john gra
|
10900 | 13 | largest fresh water and tropical forest ecosystem in the world, representing over half of all t
he known species. it provides important ecosystem services threaten its continued functioning. h can effectively articulate a coherent model for a large-scale pes system. 4. this knowledge c articulate a coherent model for a large-scale pes system. 4. this knowledge capacity will be em sources provide, as well as reinforcing community land tenure claims in line with state and fed cted directly by deforestation, a large-scale reduction in es provision would be likely to impa be likely to impact them through rising energy prices, since more than 70% of electricity in br ndwork necessary for a functional large scale pes system with the potential to contribute to pr ential to contribute to pro-poor policy development, and act as a model for government driven w o-poor policy development, and act as a model for government driven wealth redistribution in th f scientists, economists and experts in community development. the funding will be mostly used ts, economists and experts in community development. the funding will be mostly used to finance sts aided by the international research community, and where there is a high level of scientifi |
2496 | 1 | tions into local extinction by positive density-dependent processes collectively known as allee
|
2497 | 10 | bility to change, the predictability of ecosystem services, and the resistance to biological in
tability of ecosystem services, and the resistance to biological invasions. lakes are ideal sys h phytoplankton and zooplankton species richness makes a longitudinal transect across norway an effects of biodiversity on natural lake ecosystem functioning. we will approach the relationshi nships between species pool saturation, ecosystem functioning, and vulnerability to bioinvasion diversity, and up-scaling by predictive modeling tools. statistical modeling will also be used predictive modeling tools. statistical modeling will also be used to disentangle effects of mu also be used to disentangle effects of multiple stressors like eutrophication, climate change, multiple stressors like eutrophication, climate change, and invading species on the ecosystem s ate change, and invading species on the ecosystem services of lakes. |
2163 | 1 | uired to predict the impacts of current climate change scenarios on atlantic salmon populations
|
2498 | 6 | ommon garden laboratory conditions. the environment in which parasites are maintained will be m
ll be modified to examine the effect of environment on parasite population growth and sexuality t of environment on parasite population growth and sexuality. the environmental factors which w ors which will be modified are a. water ph/aluminium concentration will be compared, and the po ty of strain hybridisation leading to a development of parasite strains with novel host specifi roles of host and parasite genotype and environment in determining the pathogenicity of the g. |
2161 | 9 | rbance and biodiversity loss in natural ecosystems. in spite of recent emphasis on these proble
s of both the invader and the receiving community, including studies of ecological, evolutionar ocioeconomic effects as well as a large-scale field experiment addressing the possibility of bi essing the possibility of biocontrol by predator enhancement. ecological impacts of the invasio f the invasion involve large changes in population dynamics of the invading species, dramatic p of native species, and major changes in food web structure and dynamics of the receiving ecosys structure and dynamics of the receiving ecosystem. the time-series facilitates an unparalleled time-series facilitates an unparalleled model study of invader success and adaptations, acute a ter a biological invasion in a northern ecosystem. |
2166 | 8 | els. artificial selection for increased growth performance in farmed salmon has led to changes
o in other morphological and behavioral traits and a reduction in relative fitness of farmed fi pulations, the effects of selection and migration in several traits simultaneously will be mode s of selection and migration in several traits simultaneously will be modeled. previous models modeled. previous models for selection-migration balance suggest that wild salmon populations ment actions. unknown quantities in the model will be estimated from tests of genetic change in out the underlying genetic basis of the traits under selection and can thus be used to check th previous work suggest that pure one-way migration of farmed fish into the wild makes this stron |
2158 | 8 | re considered through a general dynamic model for changes in community structure, enabling us t
a general dynamic model for changes in community structure, enabling us to test for additional rning abiotic factors are available for modeling. the test method development described in dise available for modeling. the test method development described in diserud & aagaard will be cont ill be developed for analyzing shift in phenology. the atna river system is one of the best doc pling each year since 1986, while large scale investigations based on samples of imagines were sl. and test for significant changes in community structure, species composition and phenology. nity structure, species composition and phenology. |
14180 | 3 | how these are connected with changes on environment, will be observed. also different canges in
l be observed. also different canges in growth will be compared with different cahnges on envir l be compared with different cahnges on environment like sea-level changes, climatic changes, i |
7366 | 1 | gh collections and understanding of its evolution through phylogenetic analyzes of genetic dive
|
10974 | 2 | in areas such as public health, vaccine development, agro-ecology and conservation biology. com
e costs of immune defence influence the evolution of immune defence levels. using sympatric and |
10324 | 4 | ent approaches suggest that an animal s environment and ecology underlie such variation. the pr
d research will determine the impact of predation and other ecological variables on cognitive a with waterfalls separating high and low predation sites. the relative roles of the environment dation sites. the relative roles of the environment and heritability will be determined by meas |
2198 | 3 | ranges of abiotic variables and grazer resistance. an overview of the characteristics of intro
ts and other analyses. 4. processes and ecosystem impact ecosystem impact will be documented fo yses. 4. processes and ecosystem impact ecosystem impact will be documented for |
1106 | 7 | atic change on the mediterranean marine environment and the role of this basin in the co2 plane
face; - to improve the understanding of carbon cycle processes, that are affected by global cha garding the behaviour of the ocean like carbon sink; - to provide data on the role of national he role of national seas in relation to carbon stocks usable for international negotiations. ne lian coasts due to different effects of climate change will be predicted in six selected areas: ill be predicted in six selected areas: ecosystems. the developed scenarios will be used to eva be used to evaluate the effects of the climate changes on coastal areas and the economic reper |
13487 | 9 | munities affecting species composition, community structure, and vegetation change. how these o
s composition, community structure, and vegetation change. how these organisms respond to abiot anding how these communities respond to global change. it is predicted that increased nitrogen change. it is predicted that increased nitrogen deposition will result in increased disease se n increased disease severity triggering vegetation change, while both increased temperature and vegetation change, while both increased temperature and decreased snow depth will have the oppo individualistic responses to increased nitrogen deposition. the long-term consequences of that ear. another issue is whether increased nitrogen deposition will result in increased incidence om long-term effects. in addition small-scale experiments will be used to address responses of |
7594 | 1 | as. it is proposed in this program as a model for the phylogenetic study of all kind aeromonas
|
15237 | 3 | be centred on two temperate bats whose distribution range include south europe: the long-finge
. our research will focus mainly on the predator-prey relationships, ecomorphological processes ning the species they prey upon and the phenology of those trophic behaviours, and studying par |
144 | 4 | vertebrate phylum. their diversity and abundance grew from the silurian to the devonian. by no
fishes, and give their spatio-temporal distribution. for that the morphology, sculpture and mi project will be used in the vertebrate classification, biostratigraphical studies, mapping geo sification, biostratigraphical studies, mapping geology, and palaeogeographical reconstructions |
10584 | 2 | ow, including long-term survival in the environment, reservoir hosts and vertical transmission.
ting low-level infections. however, the development of the highly sensitive polymerase chain re |
12293 | 3 | how serious is yield loss in our wetter climate 4. to screen parents and progeny from mapped po
from mapped populations for sources of resistance. in the long term the most sustainable contr this objective will look for sources of resistance that can be used in breeding programmes. ver |
9888 | 1 | researchers for testing and for further development - i.e. at trl level 4.
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14733 | 1 | ille university has participated in the production and edition of around 20% of the published t
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15154 | 1 | ille university has participated in the production and edition of around 20% of the published t
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2463 | 7 | almost 50% of annual marine net primary production, plays a critical role in global carbon cycl
uction, plays a critical role in global carbon cycling. mechanisms that control their mortality cycling. mechanisms that control their mortality are, however, still poorly understood, and th n situ to increase our understanding of mortality mechanisms in different phytoplankton species anisms in the lower part of the pelagic food web is necessary to correctly assess a wide range mically important aspects of the marine ecosystem such as biodiversity and plankton dynamics, h kton dynamics, harmful algal blooms and global change research. moreover, the methodology devel |
11720 | 7 | otosynthesis in the oceans leads to the production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmo
he production of just under half of the oxygen in the atmosphere. in the nutrient-poor central poor central regions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single egions of the oceans this production of oxygen is dominated by very small, single celled cyanob anobacteria and as a result control the abundance and genetic biodiversity of these important o icoplankton. all organisms that produce oxygen by photosynthesis have two proteins, called dl a nthesis going so that the virus has the energy to reproduce itself. we wish to find out how the |
1983 | 15 | rest the last years, for one due to the development of techniques that allowed picophytoplankto
y even dominating the picophytoplankton community. it is, however, unclear how wide-spread this , however, unclear how wide-spread this dominance of m. pusilla is. furthermore, knowledge of r role of virus infection for m. pusilla population dynamics, production and diversity is lackin ion for m. pusilla population dynamics, production and diversity is lacking. a study on the pre ated study assessing the occurrence and abundance of mpv, as well as the genetic diversity and and the impact of viruses on m. pusilla mortality and population dynamics. different geographic of viruses on m. pusilla mortality and population dynamics. different geographical locations w locations will be studied on a temporal scale in order to allow unique and optimal insight into ic viruses to c-flux within the pelagic food web. it will be for the first time that a detailed such a spatially as well as temporarily scale. newly developed techniques will be used to detec and viral control of picophytoplankton population dynamics. the results are expected to provid tioning and structure of marine pelagic food webs and geochemical cycling. the obtained data wi rmore, be essential for a more accurate evaluation of mathematical ecosystem models. ore accurate evaluation of mathematical ecosystem models. |
10601 | 6 | oplankton are central players in global carbon fixation, nutrient cycling and energy transfer.
l carbon fixation, nutrient cycling and energy transfer. consequently, the causes of phytoplank nsequently, the causes of phytoplankton mortality have important biogeochemical and ecological n non-predatory loss routes for primary production by marine phytoplankton are release of disso phytoplankton are release of dissolved organic matter . the ultimate aim will be to generate a the ultimate aim will be to generate a model of lysis driven nutrient regeneration based on th |
11004 | 1 | will be generated from a natural virus community to characterise unculturable viruses and asse
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9935 | 1 | will be generated from a natural virus community to characterise unculturable viruses and asse
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15574 | 23 | ng political and public concern for the environment, and resulting changes in legislation , whi
d to follow the steps prescribed by the millennium ecosystem assessment for regional assessment egional assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services. wp1 will use stakeholder semi-direc site to identify with stakeholders key ecosystem services associated with the maintenance of f and linkages among services, as well as indicators they use for these services. wp2-4 will anal rends and condition of biodiversity and ecosystem services and their underlying mechanisms. thi link them with easily measurable plant traits that respond to management and affect carbon and s that respond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multi ond to management and affect carbon and nitrogen turnover. wp3 will then build multispecies ass species assemblages by manipulating the dominance of plant species with different traits on soi minance of plant species with different traits on soils from intensively / extensively managed nalyses of realised plant and microbial functional diversity, and of c- and n-cycling processes cycling processes, will provide a first model linking plant functional responses to management, management, their impacts on microbial functional diversity, and their coupled effects on mult , and their coupled effects on multiple ecosystem services. wp4 will test the robustness of thi s. wp4 will test the robustness of this model across management intensity gradients at the thre wp5 will generate projections of future ecosystem service delivery according to alternative man al stakeholders a range of scenarios of global change, including extreme changes. their impacts uding extreme changes. their impacts on ecosystem services will be modelled using both a statis based on results from wp4, and dynamic ecosystem models. nonlinear situations, with changes ac ity and ecological processes underlying ecosystem services delivery, and of impacts of manageme ken in the future for sustainable rural development will be delivered to policy makers. outreac public will be strengthened through the development of a training toolkit. |
11372 | 1 | also use this data to explore the fine scale questions of coda usage. secondly, i will initiat
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7247 | 3 | nd resorption ' pollution of the forest ecosystem. it is hoped to relate the state of the plant
hoped to relate the state of the plant ecosystem with major steps in the evolution of anthropo plant ecosystem with major steps in the evolution of anthropogenic pollution. based on analytic |
12583 | 5 | value to the project. the project will review existing research and management practice in ord
l vulnerability to future management of climate change threats. the causes and types of organic soils will be reviewed of the potential carbon that could be removed from the atmosphere and st stored by the soil and the reduction in carbon losses that could be possible through mitigation n losses that could be possible through mitigation strategies. the project will also describe a |
15118 | 10 | the intergovernmental panel on climate change predicts an increase of global warming a
e change predicts an increase of global warming and changing patterns of rainfall frequency and ging patterns of rainfall frequency and distribution. in rivers and streams, the predicted chan ge in quantity and quality of available organic matter. at the same time, temperature is one of lable organic matter. at the same time, temperature is one of the major factor affecting differ nt key physiological mechanisms such as respiration, growth, metabolic rate, feeding, therefore logical mechanisms such as respiration, growth, metabolic rate, feeding, therefore not only aff tors might interact in a perspective of climate change where rising temperature will be combine spective of climate change where rising temperature will be combined with changes in discharge nteractive effect of rising river water temperature and intensifying the frequency of drought e |
15119 | 10 | the intergovernmental panel on climate change predicts an increase of global warming a
e change predicts an increase of global warming and changing patterns of rainfall frequency and ging patterns of rainfall frequency and distribution. in rivers and streams, the predicted chan ge in quantity and quality of available organic matter. at the same time, temperature is one of lable organic matter. at the same time, temperature is one of the major factor affecting differ nt key physiological mechanisms such as respiration, growth, metabolic rate, feeding, therefore logical mechanisms such as respiration, growth, metabolic rate, feeding, therefore not only aff tors might interact in a perspective of climate change where rising temperature will be combine spective of climate change where rising temperature will be combined with changes in discharge es, from a well developed biofilm algal community and grazing macroinvertebrates feeding on in |
10479 | 7 | of an increasing global population and climate change is water availability. however, we are n
pecifically well adapted to their local environment. in effect, such landraces represent the ef ions of southern ancient nubia faced an environment in which water stress was a way of life. in bia faced an environment in which water stress was a way of life. interestingly, archaeobotanic n barley was better suited to the harsh environment of the southern nile valley than outside va e most likely to be affected by drought stress in archaeobotanical samples from nubian sites sp landraces became better suited to their environment. we will determine whether adapted alleles |
2510 | 4 | le. dek1 is an essential gene for plant development that specify epidermal cell fate in all org
mechanism. its essential role in plant development is supported by the fact that dek1 is a sin tens, separated by 500 million years of evolution on the other. mounting evidence support a rol gae. identification of calapin and dek1 function in key species will be carried out using rnai |
10145 | 14 | eir livelihoods, through its support to vegetation, tree cover and biodiversity. these in turn
ral identity. in common with many other ecosystems, river basins are now subject to increasing provided by river basins, and economic growth exacerbates these pressures by increasing indivi such as water for industrial processes. climate variability and climate change have significant rial processes. climate variability and climate change have significant impacts on river basin pes, through changes to river flows and soil moisture levels which radically change patterns of vels which radically change patterns of vegetation. alternating drought and flood are constant heir livelihoods and wellbeing, and for ecosystems. throughout the research, the emphasis will n studying new ways in which people and ecosystems can increase resilience and adapt to change. tanding of how decision-makers can link ecosystem services in river basins to poverty alleviati to poverty alleviation and sustainable growth. the research will be located in two important r kages between the water cycle and other ecosystem services of the wetlands. both basins are imp ave been subject to intensive study and development over past decades, meaning that there is a draw on the river basin and its linked ecosystems. |
10979 | 14 | eir livelihoods, through its support to vegetation, tree cover and biodiversity. these in turn
ral identity. in common with many other ecosystems, river basins are now subject to increasing provided by river basins, and economic growth exacerbates these pressures by increasing indivi such as water for industrial processes. climate variability and climate change have significant rial processes. climate variability and climate change have significant impacts on river basin pes, through changes to river flows and soil moisture levels which radically change patterns of vels which radically change patterns of vegetation. alternating drought and flood are constant heir livelihoods and wellbeing, and for ecosystems. throughout the research, the emphasis will n studying new ways in which people and ecosystems can increase resilience and adapt to change. tanding of how decision-makers can link ecosystem services in river basins to poverty alleviati to poverty alleviation and sustainable growth. the research will be located in two important r kages between the water cycle and other ecosystem services of the wetlands. both basins are imp ave been subject to intensive study and development over past decades, meaning that there is a draw on the river basin and its linked ecosystems. |
10870 | 1 | nt of water quality and quantity in the environment. this grant supports five full studentships
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13854 | 6 | m. as explanatory variables for species richness, we used habitat variables from field surveys,
variables for species richness, we used habitat variables from field surveys, gis-derived lands d habitat variables from field surveys, gis-derived landscape variables and spatially explicit, cit, quantified urban disturbances like density of human population, recreation pressure, road n population, recreation pressure, road density and traffic intensity. the results showed that y. the results showed that high species richness of waterfowl was not correlated with that of d |
14859 | 5 | in the project will allow us to develop indicators of biodiversity specific to the mediterranea
nservation of the biodiversity in these ecosystems in concordance with agricultural production ystems in concordance with agricultural production and the development of field management tech ce with agricultural production and the development of field management techniques to facilitat e the harmonisation of the agricultural production with the conservation of natural resources. |
12566 | 1 | est greenland salmon fishery for use in modelling and assessment activities undertaken by natio
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12155 | 2 | m farmers at the demonstration site. an evaluation will be made of the suitability of each feat
r entry level and higher tier type agri-environment scheme options. results will be disseminate |
7424 | 2 | many incentives agri-environmental measures aimed at improvi
nmental measures aimed at improving the production biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. are |
13851 | 3 | s show that parasitoids is an important mortality factor contributing to drive the cyclic fluct
cyclic fluctuation pattern by a delayed density dependent parasitism suppressing declining dens it seems to be important to follow the development of the populations of moths and parasitoids |
11136 | 3 | l classes of biogenic gases such as non-methane hydrocarbons, organohalogens, and dimethyl sulp
and dimethyl sulphide and in some cases production of these increased when they are grazed by m plankton and the foraging behaviour of predators is essentially unknown. |
11732 | 4 | recently established that the fluxes of carbon and water from tropical rain forests exhibit str
oil-plant continuum contributes to this seasonality. we propose to isolate and quantify the com ed to calibrate a soil-plant-atmosphere model, which will be used to scale and explore the rela atmosphere model, which will be used to scale and explore the relative importance of the variou |
10935 | 1 | ortant link between pelagic and benthic food webs. it has generally been assumed that chironomi
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11860 | 18 | roduce small scales of caco3 needed for growth. however, it is not fully understood how ocean c
mistry or the availability of light and nutrients effects coccolithophore growth in the present t and nutrients effects coccolithophore growth in the present-day ocean, and until this gap is edict how coccolithophores may react to climate change. due to the inclusion of both calcite an ue to the inclusion of both calcite and organic matter within coccolithophore cells, both need nsidered when examining coccolithophore growth: understanding how coccolithophores balance cell es balance cellular levels and rates of production of these two materials is key to understandi materials is key to understanding their growth and role in the marine carbon cycle. the aim of ing their growth and role in the marine carbon cycle. the aim of this project is to address the examine cellular levels of calcite and organic matter, photosynthesis and calcification, and g , photosynthesis and calcification, and growth rates it will be necessary to look closely at th he principals governing coccolithophore growth. the end goal of this project will be to use thi his overview to generate a mathematical model that describes coccolithophore growth in relation al model that describes coccolithophore growth in relation to the coccosphere/cell structure an cture and the availability of light and nutrients. such a model can then be used to address glo lability of light and nutrients. such a model can then be used to address global questions abou phore ecology, their role in the marine carbon cycle and their future in a changing climate. on cycle and their future in a changing climate. |
13937 | 9 | that changes in zooplankton population abundance and biodiversity are responsible for the decr
h stocks in the baltic sea. zooplankton abundance and growth rates are directly linked to the v e baltic sea. zooplankton abundance and growth rates are directly linked to the variability in ectly linked to the variability in fish recruitment, and consequently in fish population abunda nt, and consequently in fish population abundance and condition. despite this, zooplankton stud ton decline, if any, influenced by fish predation. to answer these questions, we will examine z ne zooplankton stocks, biodiversity and growth rates in situ applying a recently developed bioc oped biochemical method for zooplankton growth assessment. relating zooplankton dynamics to fis e in western baltic, a prerequisite for ecosystem approach to fish management. |
10382 | 5 | diversity is rudimentary, hindering the development of accurate predictions of these impacts, a
impacts, and appropriate adaptation and mitigation. the aim of this project is to determine the scheme, will provide data on a uk-wide scale. the bto case partner is globally recognised as a leader in assessing avian responses to environmental change, with regard to both population tr ning provided by the bto in statistical modelling of demographic parameters and population tren |
10014 | 2 | t will determine the influence of plant carbon flow on the location of production of nitrous ox
of plant carbon flow on the location of production of nitrous oxide at the incremental distance |
413 | 2 | conflict between forest preserved under nature conservation and forest primary produce in the n
or the centrality of issues such as the distribution of the wolf strain, the economical importa |
11154 | 1 | xplain their ecological role in oceanic ecosystems.
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10139 | 4 | ons and decision taking for sustainable ecosystems. it will link several social science techniq
e that the conceptual framework linking ecosystem and livelihoods domains, knowledge networks a oped and improved. in developing such a model, we would expect that it could be applied to a ra y-making institutions and international development organizations as well as by more local user |
10146 | 4 | ons and decision taking for sustainable ecosystems. it will link several social science techniq
e that the conceptual framework linking ecosystem and livelihoods domains, knowledge networks a oped and improved. in developing such a model, we would expect that it could be applied to a ra y-making institutions and international development organizations as well as by more local user |
10658 | 16 | lake ecosystems face multiple stresses including nutrient en
stresses including nutrient enrichment, climate change and invasion of nonindigenous species. t n of nonindigenous species. this latter stress is widely recognised as having a major impact on on biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems worldwide and its effects are increasing bec ity has enhanced rates of dispersal and climate change is opening new niches at high latitudes. te continued removal of a key nutrient, phosphorus, at the wastewater treatment works. for exam ms have increased and concentrations of oxygen at depth have decreased. the numbers of the rare the population increase has triggered a trophic cascade leading to greater predation on the zoo ed a trophic cascade leading to greater predation on the zooplankton, which in turn has reduced ne in arctic charr numbers results from competition with roach, since both feed on the zooplank o assess the long term ramifications of multiple stressors because of the wealth ecological and hydroacoustic analysis to estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ec estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ecological niche, zooplankt al niche, zooplankton grazing and algal growth. the project is relevant to current general ecol nce of top-down-control, the effects of multiple stressors and possible species extinction caus o be even more stringent in the face of climate change and disruption of food-chains caused by |
9901 | 16 | lake ecosystems face multiple stresses including nutrient en
stresses including nutrient enrichment, climate change and invasion of nonindigenous species. t n of nonindigenous species. this latter stress is widely recognised as having a major impact on on biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems worldwide and its effects are increasing bec ity has enhanced rates of dispersal and climate change is opening new niches at high latitudes. te continued removal of a key nutrient, phosphorus, at the wastewater treatment works. for exam ms have increased and concentrations of oxygen at depth have decreased. the numbers of the rare the population increase has triggered a trophic cascade leading to greater predation on the zoo ed a trophic cascade leading to greater predation on the zooplankton, which in turn has reduced ne in arctic charr numbers results from competition with roach, since both feed on the zooplank o assess the long term ramifications of multiple stressors because of the wealth ecological and hydroacoustic analysis to estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ec estimate fish density and location and modelling to estimate roach ecological niche, zooplankt al niche, zooplankton grazing and algal growth. the project is relevant to current general ecol nce of top-down-control, the effects of multiple stressors and possible species extinction caus o be even more stringent in the face of climate change and disruption of food-chains caused by |
10122 | 8 | ight into the mechanisms and biological function of calcification and into the environmental fa
hrough a detailed assessment of primary metabolism in different coccolithophore strains, we wil -calcifying strains to changes in their environment and the interactions between calcification phores plays a major role in the global carbon cycle and climate change may have a significant jor role in the global carbon cycle and climate change may have a significant impact on this pr n this process. however, the biological function of calcification in coccolithophores remains u c roles such as enhanced acquisition of nutrients and as a source of carbon for photosynthesis, isition of nutrients and as a source of carbon for photosynthesis, but definitive evidence for |
10355 | 7 | what determines the growth rate of a tropical forest answering this fairly
change and their potential as sinks of carbon dioxide. we have recently discovered that mature he eastern amazon, and that the rate of growth seems driven by soil fertility, and, surprisingl il fertility, and, surprisingly, not by climate. this work has opened up several questions: do es, but have to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, ve to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, leaving le leaving less available for above-ground growth we propose to directly answer these questions by |
10747 | 7 | what determines the growth rate of a tropical forest answering this fairly
change and their potential as sinks of carbon dioxide. we have recently discovered that mature he eastern amazon, and that the rate of growth seems driven by soil fertility, and, surprisingl il fertility, and, surprisingly, not by climate. this work has opened up several questions: do es, but have to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, ve to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, leaving le leaving less available for above-ground growth we propose to directly answer these questions by |
9976 | 7 | what determines the growth rate of a tropical forest answering this fairly
change and their potential as sinks of carbon dioxide. we have recently discovered that mature he eastern amazon, and that the rate of growth seems driven by soil fertility, and, surprisingl il fertility, and, surprisingly, not by climate. this work has opened up several questions: do es, but have to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, ve to spend higher amounts of carbon on respiration, or allocate more to fine roots, leaving le leaving less available for above-ground growth we propose to directly answer these questions by |
15440 | 8 | n contexts that suggest a communicative function. the aim of this project is to study the distr
the aim of this project is to study the distribution, intra- and interspecific variation, evolu on, intra- and interspecific variation, evolution, and function of the foot-shaking displays of interspecific variation, evolution, and function of the foot-shaking displays of lizards belong , to outline possible scenarios for the evolution of foot-shakes and to determine if the inters c methods to test the potential role of habitat structure, intrasexual selection, species recog we will conduct a detailed study of the function of foot-shaking displays in two lacertid speci otheses and general predictions for the evolution of visual signals. |
11814 | 3 | ionary pressure on males has caused the evolution of male traits that reduce female remating ra
males has caused the evolution of male traits that reduce female remating rates. the establish les. females in turn have often evolved traits that allow them to avoid control by males, and r |
13560 | 6 | nitrogen levels of soil moisture. during succession hum
nitrogen levels of soil moisture. during succession humus depth increases itrogen levels of soil moisture. during succession humus depth increases and this increases soi umus depth increases and this increases soil moisture retention; we will determine the response determine the response of n fixation to soil moisture status. by investigating these three fact n fixation is promoted during long-term succession, and thus develop an improved knowledge on w |
12162 | 3 | grassland is the predominant habitat in the agri-environment schemes associated with
is the predominant habitat in the agri-environment schemes associated with entry level steward ncluding grassland faunal diversity and abundance enhancement, soil structural amelioration and |
14468 | 4 | for biotechnological, phytopathological evaluation, metabolic profile, dna analysis, microbiolo
the basis of vegetative and generative indicators. the phytopathological status will be determ pcr analysis. genotype behaviors to the distribution plant pathogens - fusarium, phytophthora a ermine their vital to human health. the development of technology for processing and storage of |
2213 | 3 | ing methods and how this is related the life history traits of different species. monitoring is
nd how this is related the life history traits of different species. monitoring is one of the f ment actions as well as dynamics of the ecosystem. the goals are to: • examine the idea of dyna |
10066 | 9 | by 2020, 15% of the uk s energy is to be generated from renewable sources, accor
sources, according to the government s energy strategy. this is necessary to reduce the uk s r on investigates conflicts between green energy production and wildlife conservation, and will d stigates conflicts between green energy production and wildlife conservation, and will develop ervation, and will develop guidance and mitigation strategies. it falls within nerc studentship that deficiency. effective guidance on mitigation and siting of turbines, and on pre-and post- mercial wind farms and bats to evaluate mortality rates and bat activity levels. in addition, w ether mid-sized wind turbines cause bat mortality estimation of effect size, with confidence in ding wind turbines and bats guidance on mitigation and and protocols for pre-/post-construction |
11679 | 1 | le support to a whole-mantle convection model. some very rare inclusions seem to provide direct
|
13483 | 8 | ortance for geographical distributions, species interactions and recruitment variation. variati
distributions, species interactions and recruitment variation. variations in winter/ice-cover c large impact on individuals and aquatic ecosystems by changing important habitat factors such a quatic ecosystems by changing important habitat factors such as light, temperature and resource mportant habitat factors such as light, temperature and resource production. this project has t such as light, temperature and resource production. this project has the objective to quantify changing winter conditions and resource production on fish population dynamics is analysed usin ditions and resource production on fish population dynamics is analysed using models parameteri |
13834 | 2 | brings back important processes in this ecosystem. the primary effects of predation on the main
this ecosystem. the primary effects of predation on the main prey populations is currently und |
2060 | 12 | predators are important keystone species in the structu
timately of the integrity and health of ecosystems. by accelerating the rate and expanding the expanding the scope of disturbance and habitat change, man has undermined the resilience and v vestigating the role wolverines have in ecosystem dynamics and their adaptation to ecosystem ch system dynamics and their adaptation to ecosystem changes are important to ensure effective wol conservation and maintaining a healthy ecosystem diversity. focussing on the possibly isolated bility of the impact wolverines have on ecosystem dynamics, including human conflicts. studies ntra-guild interactions to evaluate the competition and possible commensalism effects among lar ement is to be successful, knowledge of habitat requirements and population dynamics are equall , knowledge of habitat requirements and population dynamics are equally important in determinin environments will be studied along with habitat requirements, to predict the availability of su the availability of suitable wolverine habitat. |
12025 | 1 | m from climbers to trees, and different functional groups and to the understanding of the cruci
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11590 | 4 | ing to reduce the ecological impacts of development in the uk is under detailed evaluation by d
development in the uk is under detailed evaluation by defra, natural england, conservationists, eh, together with other partners in the natural capital initiative, is organising three worksho ting challenges for the potential large scale implementation of biodiversity offsetting in the |
6883 | 3 | t parts of the world. to understand the evolution of the palaearctic fauna necessary the intens
sive studies in other regions, too. the distribution of species in different genera shows also includes description of new species and development of new methods. |
12284 | 9 | livestock production systems have a dual role not only in food pr
stems have a dual role not only in food production, but also in the provision of public good ob here was a 1% per year reduction in ghg production per unit food produced that could be attribu goals changed to consider environmental efficiency rather than economic efficiency. this projec nmental efficiency rather than economic efficiency. this project will examine the impact of pas missions, quantifying and comparing the mitigation potential of each and their impact on system the breeding goal shifted from economic efficiency to environmental efficiency, and the subsequ om economic efficiency to environmental efficiency, and the subsequent environmental and econom roject will examine how and what market incentives/policy drivers would be required to encourag |
13842 | 1 | acilite the use of these markers on non-model organisms. in this project we propose the use of
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12170 | 6 | d the national level. understanding the scale and nature of measures required to mitigate again
onal level. understanding the scale and nature of measures required to mitigate against this lo els. this study will use information on density of birds in different farmland habitats to esti d farmland habitats and land under agri-environment scheme options in both summer and winter. t be used to provide an indication of the scale of uptake of key els options required to mitigate key species, the skylark, a population modelling approach will be used to estimate the additio |
15075 | 2 | dispersal and colonization patterns of zooplankton in shallow lagoons
oplankton in shallow lagoons on a local scale |
2072 | 8 | hallow water, is among the most diverse ecosystems on earth. crucial for the exceptional biodiv
ractions, where terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems interact during different seasons. most of t ties represent potential threats to the ecosystems involved, and make intensified research an u ons between the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and their synergisms, as reflected in the s gisms, as reflected in the semi-aquatic food web, and plankton diversity and dynamics in partic ular. this zone makes up a crossroad of energy transfer between the terrestrial and aquatic com restrial and aquatic compartments. as a ecosystem level research project, it will improve our u nderstanding of highly diverse tropical ecosystem interactions, with special regards to a susta |
190 | 11 | iate and upper trophic levels of marine ecosystems. first data on zooplankton in the gulf of ri
e observed changes. the spatio-temporal development as well as the species composition of mesoz nced by abiotic conditions - especially salinity and temperature, largely influenced by climate ic conditions - especially salinity and temperature, largely influenced by climate in the north and temperature, largely influenced by climate in the north-atlantic region. although plankton . although plankton may not be the best indicator for tracking the effects of eutrophication/po ecent factors affecting mesozooplankton community structure and dynamics is the human-mediated planktivores: changes in the individual growth rate of the major zooplanktivores in the blatic tification of the long-term dynamics in phenology, diversity and abundance/biomass of the coast rm dynamics in phenology, diversity and abundance/biomass of the coastal mesozooplankton commun /biomass of the coastal mesozooplankton community in relation to several natural and human-medi |